1.Illustration（举例法）
一．使用例证法可以把一些观点描述得更具体
二．什么时候用例证法？
三．作者想要阐明或者支撑他的论点的时候。有时候用一个例子就够了，有的时候需要一系列的例子。
四．例子里用什么？
五．例子里可以包括：统计数字、谚语、名人名言、事实、调查、定义。
六．如何用例子？
例子可以更紧密的连接上下文。用过度词来引出例子。
七．组织你的例子按一定的顺序，逐渐提高重要性，最重要的一个例子放在最后。
4.Process （过程分析法）
Eg：作文让你介绍“电梯是如何运行的”之类的。
过程分析法是按照时间顺序来介绍的。
一．何时用过程分析：过程分析法是描述如何做一些事情或者一些事务是怎么运行的。
二．如何来组织过程分析：
1.简单地进行说明
2.文章大致分为五个段落
3.对于某些专业词汇，需要在文章的开头阐述一下
4.结论不要太长，解释清楚即可
（一些重要技巧：
1.在写作前要想好所有的步骤，把他们列出来，不要错过任何一个步骤；
2.将每一步解释的尽可能地清楚：例如你要介绍“保险丝”这个东西，不能称之为“short piece”，而要说成是“one inch”，因为“short piece”可以是one to three inches
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英语说明文范文
1
The computer is a wonderful machine. It is the most important invention in many years. Today it is used a great deal in various fields. Especially, it is useful in automatic control and data processing. And now it is finding its way into the home.
Computer plays an important role in our life. They can do most of things people can do. They can give you information on buying and selling things, provide you with suggestions of how to deal with certain illness and how to solve the problems you are faced with. There is no doubt that people can live much easier with the help of the computer.
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1. Problems in the New Century (举例法说明文)
Write an expository essay on the problems man will be faced with in the new century.
In the new century, human beings will be filled with hope and live more advanced life. What used to be depicted in science fictions can be the reality of the near future. However, man will also have to confront with some problems that will curtail(剥夺)human beings of their existence.
First of all, pollution of all forms such as land pollution, noise pollution, air pollution and water pollution are worsening with each passing day. People complain all over the world that it is becoming harder to breathe and water is turning undrinkable. Also forests are being felled at a very fast rate. The pollutions are getting so terrible that in some countries we can’t find clean and clear rivers and white clouds in the sky! When the children draw a picture of their surroundings, they paint the green trees in gray, the red sun in gray, everything in gray, and they can’t find a pure environment except in the books.
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第一段第一句（排比开头）
It 's the earth that gives us a place to live in ;it 's the earth that offers us beautiful sunshine ;it 's the earth that brings us fresh air .
Earth is the place to give us a place to live in; to offer us beautiful sunshine; to bring us fresh air.
Without good environment, we can't live a happy life; we can't enjoy the beautiful sunshine; we can't breathe fresh air.
If we are birds, earth is the sky; if we are fishes, earth is the sea; if we are horses, earth is the grassland.
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第二章 说明文
第1节 人物介绍
精彩示例
My Best Friend
My best friend is Li Hua. He is 13 years old and he is a student of Guangming middle school. He is very tall and strong. He works hard at school and would like to help others. When I came to this school in the beginning, I was bad at math and English. I failed in a test and was worried about my study. At this time, Li Hua gave me a hand and helped to improve my math and English. Thanks to his help, my math and English improved a lot and I got good results in the following exams. Gradually we became very good friends. In my opinion, Li Hua is not only an excellent student but also a helpful and kind person. Everyone would like to be his friend.
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中考英语作文英语作文模板：图表作文的框架
as is shown/indicated/illustrated by the figure/percentage in the table(graph/picture/pie/chart), ___作文题目的议题_____ has been on rise/ decrease (goesup/increases/drops/decreases),
significantly/dramatically/steadily rising/decreasing from______ in _______
to ______ in _____。 From the sharp/marked decline/ rise in the chart, it
goes without saying that ________。
There are at least two good reasons accounting for ______。
On the one hand, ________。 On the other hand, _______ is
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讲一讲］
用英语写说明文，一要时态正确，二要条理清晰，内容连贯，三要语言朴素，明了。
1. 说明文主要采用一般现在时，因为说明文多为对客观事物或事件的描述，所以并不需要用过于复杂的时态，省去了时态呼应，行文时比较随意、自然。但要注意，当单、复数名词做主语时，主谓语的一致要格外留意。要牢记变动词第三人称需加“ -es ”的规律。
2. 要写好说明文，关键在于是否能做到行文自然有条理，措词确切且得体。文章看似随意，实是精心安排的结果，如老教材高二（上） Unit 3 中的 Body Language 一文，抓住“ different ”这一主线，由总而分后又由分而总，用鲜明的对比来说明 Body language has different meanings in different countries. 虽然数例并举，但文章脉胳清晰，例子多而不散，你不妨模仿这种写法。
另外要写出有条理的说明文来，还要注意行文的连贯性，这要求我们平常积累大量的过渡词。如连接词 although， but， when， as soon as， so ，承上启下的副词 generally， at the same time， finally， at last， later 等。这些都是课本中的实例。用对，用好过渡词，就能把各个段落有机联系在一起，使整篇文章过渡自然，有条理，档次也提高了。
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英语说明文结构特点与阅读策略
1、 说明文的特点
说明文用平实的语言客观地解释或探讨各种问题，如机器的制造过程、自然或社会现象产生的原因、工程项目的规划或问题的解决方案等等，介绍自然科学、社会科学领域的最新成果，社会经济发展过程中出现的新生事物等等。
2、说明顺序：时间顺序，空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认识顺序
3、说明方法：例如举例、分类法或类比、对比法，给事物下定义或分析事物产生的原因以及后果。
举例说明文使用例子说明事物阐明观点；分解展开法着重于事物的区别、差异，分类展开法则强调事物的相似之处；类比说明事物如何相似，对比说明事物如何不同；因果说明文表明事物发生的原因及结果。除了用文字说明以外，说明文中常常使用数据、图片等资料。
无论采用什么说明方法，作者都是为了说明事物的本质特征、清晰地展现所说明的事物。
因此，阅读说明文的关键是：抓住事物的特点，即抓住说明对象的本质特征。
以“Goals”为题打开一篇说明文的思路。 参考思路
1）目标的分类：（可根据时间顺序，空间顺序、逻辑顺序或认识顺序，任选一个进行分类和排列）
2）各个类别的特点和细节：
3）组织成文：
范文点评
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