it的用法总结

Unit 3 A healthy life Editor: Yang Wenhua

Unit 3 A healthy life Learning Plan (Grammar)

Objective:

To learn the use of “it” properly it的用法总结:

形式主语;形式宾语;人称代词;代替指示代词;非人称代词表示时间、日期、地点、天气、温度、距离、环境等;某些习语及习惯用法。 1. 做形式主语

it 可以用作先行词作为句子的主语,而把句子的真正主语移到后面去, 可以移到后面的主语是:

1) 不定式 句子的谓语可以是: be + 形容词

e.g. It is important to know your limitations. 知道自己的局限性是很重要的。 be + 名词;

e.g. It is a good idea to have a little notebook handy. 手边有个小笔记本是个好主意 be + 介词短语;

e.g. It is against the law to do that. 这样做是违法的。

其他类型的谓语

e.g. It gives me great pleasure to see the movie. 观看电影让我很高兴。 2) 动名词

? 用no good, no use, great fun, a new experience等名词作表语;

e.g. It is fun working for him. 为他工作很有意思。 ? 也可用某些形容词作表语;

e.g. Do you think it is worthwhile quarrelling with him?

你认为和他吵值得吗? ? 其他的谓语形式。

e.g. Does it matter wasting a little money?稍微浪费一点钱行吗?

3) 主语从句

? 可以是that引导的;

e.g. It is strange that it hasn’t been noticed before. 真奇怪, 它以前没有引起注意。

It is a wonder that he is still alive. 他居然还活着, 真是个奇迹。 It happened that the harvest was bad that year. 碰巧, 那年的收成不好。 It is said that an earthquake struck Japan. 据说日本发生了地震。 ? 也可能是wh-词引导的

e.g. It is still a question how many people are to come.

多少个人会来, 还是个问题。

It is no business of yours where I spend my summer. 我在哪儿过夏天, 这不关你的事。

It remains to be seen whether it will do us harm or good. 此事对我们是好是坏尚待分晓。

It was clear enough what he meant. 他的意思很清楚。

2. 作形式宾语

当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式、动名词、宾语从句时, 往往把宾语放在它的补足语后面, 而用it作形式宾语, 放在宾语补足语之前。 e.g. I think it no use arguing with him. 我认为和他争吵没有用。 I found it very interesting to study English. 我发现学英语非常有趣。 He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject. 他非常清楚地表示他对这门学科不感兴趣。 3. 用作人称代词 代替前文提到的事物

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e.g. The frog is not a warm-blood animal. It’s a cold-blooded one. 4. 作为非人称代词

1) 起指示代词的作用, 指一个人或事物 e.g. — Who is knocking at the door? — It’s me.

2) 泛指天气 e.g. It’s a warm sunny afternoon.

3) 泛指时间 e.g. It was nearly midnight when she came back. 4) 泛指环境 e.g. It is noisy here.

5) 泛指距离 e.g. It is half an hour’s walk to the city center. 5. 用于某些习语

make it 及时赶到; 成功; 办成

e.g. You can make it if you hurry.

如果你赶快还可以及时赶到。

You needn’t worry; he will make it

你不必担心, 他会办到的。

catch it (口语) 被责骂; 受处罚

e.g. If I come home late I’ll catch it from my mother.

如果我回家晚了, 我妈妈会骂我。

You’ll catch it because of your carelessness.

你会因为你的不小心受处罚的。

6. it的一些习惯用法

? How is it with your study? 学习好吗? ? That’s it. 这就对了。

? It went hard with him. 他身遇不幸。 ? It is all over with me. 我完蛋了。 ? We must fight it out. 我们必须坚持到底。 ? I can’t help it. 我没有办法。

Exercises:

1. The fact that she was foreign made _____ difficult for her to get a job in that country. (20xx辽宁)

A. so B. much C. that D. it

2. The doctor thought ____ would be good for you to have a holiday. (20xx全国II) A. this B. that C. one D. it

3. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local governments to increase _____. (20xx北京) A. them

B. those

C. it

D. that

4. The two girls are so alike that strangers find ______ difficult to tell one from the other. (20xx山东)

A. it B. them C. her D. that 5. We feel ______ our duty to make our country a better place. (20xx天津) A. it B. this C. that D. one

6. Sarah made _____ to the airport just in time to catch her plane this morning. (20xx全国II)

A. herself B. this C. that D. it

7. No matter where he is, he makes _____ a rule to go for a walk before breakfast.

(20xx陕西)

A. him B. this C. that D. it

8. New technologies have made _____ possible to turn out new products faster and at a lower cost. (20xx四川)

A. that B. this C. one D. it

9. Susan made______ clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.(20xx山东)

A. that B. this C. it D. her

10. An average of just 18.75cm of rain fell last year, making ______ the driest year since California became a state in 1850. (20xx浙江) A. each B. it C. this D. one

2

 

第二篇:It的用法总结

It 的用法总结

1.作人称代词

John likes playing table tennis. He always does it in the afternoon.(指代上下文提到的事物) It's time we went home.

How far is it from here to your home?

It is getting warmer and warmer.

It's very quiet at the moment.(可指时间、天气、环境等)

2.引导词

A.作形式主语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正主语。

It's important for us to learn a second language.

It's no use talking to him.

It's known to all that the earth goes round the sun.

B.作形式宾语,代替由不定式、动名词或从句表示的真正宾语。

We feel it our duty to help others.

He made it clear that he would leave the city.

C.强调结构:It is (was) +被强调部分+that (或who)…

注意: 在强调结构中,如被强调部分为时间状语或地点状语,其后的连接词也绝不能为when 或where,而应用that 。在复习中,一定要注意句式的不同。

It was in Shanghai that I bought the guitar.(that引起强调句)

It was Shanghai where I bought the guitar.(where引起定从)

It was twelve o'clock when we arrived there.(when引起时间状语从句)

It was at twelve o'clock that we arrived there.(that 引起强调句)

3. it,one,that 的区别:作为代词,这三个词的对比使用是高考的热点之一。

NMET20xx,23.

---Why don't we take a little break?

---Didn't we just have __________?

A.it B.that C.one D.this

NMET20xx,25.

The Parkers bought a new house but _________will need a lot of work before they can move in.

A.they B.it C.one D.which

one 用以指代同类事物中的任一,

that 特指性强,指代可数与不可数词,

而it指代上文提过的同一事物。

一.选择题:

1._____ was her cruelty that we all hated her.

A. It B. What C. That D. Such

2. I found the very watch of mine _____ I had left _____ .

A. where, it B. that, it C. which, one D. where, one

3. I haven't got time to get the tickets. Who's going to ____?

A. do so B. do it C. buy it D. do them

4. -How about the price of these refrigerators?

-They are equal in price to, if not cheaper than_____ at the other stores.

A. others B. it C. that D. the ones

5. -I dislike _____ when others laugh at me in public or speak ill of me behind.

-So do I.

A. them B. those C. it D. that

6. During the meeting a young man cried out suddenly and threw his notebook at the

chairman,_____ brought the room to disorder.

A. it B. and which C. and that D. this

7. I've just seen no more than one copy of Gone with the Wind in the bookshop opposite. Tom, go and buy_____ back.

A. one B. any C. it D. some 8. Nancy is expecting another baby and hopes _____ will be a boy. A. he B. that C. it D. there

9. The temperature can fall to –30℃. _____ is,30°C below freezing point. A. Which B. It C. That D. This

10. Is _____necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab? (MET88H) A.everyone B. this C. her D. it 11.Is _____possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship? (MET88) A.now B. that C. it D. man

12.Is _____necessary to complete the design before National Day? (MET89) A.this B. that C. it D. he

13.His camera is more expensive than ______.(MET89) A.hers B. her C. it D. its

14.I don't think _____possible to master a foreign language without much memory work(MET90). A.this B. that C. its D. it

15.She heard a terrible noise,_____brought her heart into her mouth.(MET91) A.it B. which C. this D. that

16.Alice received an invitation from her boss,_____came as a surprise.(NMET91) A.it B. that C. which D. he

17.Does _____matter if he can't finish the job on time? A.this B. that C. he D. it

18.Tom's mother kept telling him that he should work harder,but _____didn't help.(MET93) A.he B.which C.she D.it

19.The weather turned out to be very good, _____was more than we could expect.(NMET94) A.what B.which C.that D.it

20._____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.(NMET95) A.There B.This C.That D.It

答案

1-5 DABDC 6-10 CCCCD 11-15 CCADB 16-20 CDDBD 二. 易错题。

1.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _____.(NMET95) A.it B.those C.them D.one

2.I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.(NMET98) A.it B.that C.these D.them

3.---Why don't we take a little break? ---Didn't we just have _____? (NMET20xx) A.it B.that C.one D.this

4.It is the ability to do the job _____matters not where you come from or what you are.(NMET20xx ) A.one B.that C.what D.it

5.The Parkers bought a new house but _____will need a lot of work before they can move in.(NMET20xx) A.they B.it C.one D. which

6.---He was nearly drowned once.(20xx春招) ---When was _____?

---_____was in 1998 when he was in middle school.

A. that; it B. this; this C. this; it D. that; this

1-6 DACBBA

三.填空题。

1. The employment rate has continued to rise in big cities thanks to the efforts of the local

governments to increase ________.

2. we feel ________ our duty to make our country a better place.

3. The two girls are so alike that strangers find _______ difficult to tell one from the other.

4. The doctor thought _______ would be good for you to have a holiday.

5.

6.

7.

8.

9. The fact that she was foreign made ______ difficult for her to get a job in that country. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don?t have enough money to buy ____. To enjoy how great ______ is to be alive, we have to look around to add to life experience. I?d appreciate _______ if you would teach me how to use a computer. Being a parent is not always easy, and being the parent of a child with special needs often

carries with ______ extra stress.

10. I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don?t have enough money to buy ____.

11. _____ felt funny watching myself on TV.

12. —— Have you heard the latest news? —— No, what is ______?

13. —— He got his first book published. It turned out to be a bestseller.

—— When was that?

—— _____ was in 20xx when he was still in college.

14. Vincent had gotten along well with his father,but his father was overprotective, filling

Vincent?s head with worrisome thoughts. Without realizing _____, he carried these thoughts into his adult life.

15. His worries trapped him: “ _____ is not a good idea to date a co-worker, or, if she says no, it?ll

be embarrassing.”

16. _____ is impolite to speak to others with your mouth full of food.

17. He think _____ important to learn a foreign language well.

18. You may depend on _____ that they will support you.

19. …In time, the kiss became a part of courtship.As marrige customs developed, the kiss became

a part of the wedding ceremony. Today we regard _____ as an expression of love and tenderness.

20. In fact discrimination against HIV / AIDS patients has made _____ difficult for them to get

the treatment.

四.句子翻译。

1.根据新闻报道,是天气决定神舟七号发射的准确时间。(according to, it is ….that强调句 )

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

2. 即使这工作要花掉我六个星期的时间,我仍决心要完成这份工作。 (even if, determined )

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

3. 好像他的事业就快要结束了。(It seems/ seemed that…, at an end)

______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4. 香烟含有很多影响健康的化学成分,这是众所周知的事实。(contain; chemicals; affect)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

5. 大家都很清楚他在撒谎。(obvious)

__________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________

6. 四代同堂是中国一个值得骄傲的传统习俗。(traditional, generation)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

7. 我觉得很奇怪他如此少睡眠却能够如此努力工作。

(find it (形式宾语) + adj. + that引导的宾语从句,with)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

8. 在人民的帮助下,汶川地区最终定能重建家园。(it is likely that;recover) ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

9. 这是我第一次出国旅行,真是大开眼界。(It is the first time that …)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

10. 他的工作时间表如此繁忙,难怪他这么疲惫。(with + 名词作状语,it is no wonder(主句)

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Keys:

1. According to the news report, it is the weather that will determine the exact launch time of Shenzhou Seven.

2. Even if it takes me six weeks, I am determined to finish the job.

3. It seems that his career is at an end.

4. It is a well known fact that cigarettes contain many chemicals that will affect your health.

5. It was obvious to everyone that he was lying.

6. It is a proud traditional in China to have four generations living under one roof.

7. I find it strange that he is able to work so hard with so little sleep.

8. With the help of the people and the government it is likely that Wenchuan will eventually recover.

9. It was the first time that I had traveled abroad and it really broadened my horizons.

10. With such a busy work schedule, it is no wonder that he always looks so tired.

五. 语法填空题。

A new campaign to ban smoking in taxis is part of a wider push to clean up the city?s image before the 20xx World Expo(20xx年世界博览会). The Shanghai Dazhong Taxi, a taxi company, said drivers smoking in their cabs could “possibly” be fined or even temporarily __(place) in all of the taxi company?s 9,100 strong fleet (车队) saying “No Smoking in Taxis. Welcome to Shanghai World Expo”.

“We hope the sanitation(卫生环境) of cabs in the city will be improved through our no-smoking campaign,__ drivers and passengers. ”

__(close) monitor the campaign?s progress.

Drivers caught smoking will undergo the company?s training and inspection program. “Cabs found to have cigarette smell will be called back”, Zhao said. would not be an easy task to achieve a total smoke ban in a short time.

“Promoting non,” Zhao said. “__having a long way to go, we are confident of fulfilling our ?smoke-free taxi? program in the city through our diligence.”

1-5 found, from, have been placed, which, both

6-10 closely, to relax, it, a, Despite

(20xx年梅州二模)阅读下面短文,按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求,在空格处填入一个适当的词或使用括号中词语的正确形式填空。

At one point along an open highway,I came to a crossroads with a traffic light. I was alone ,it turned red,and I braked to a halt. I looked left, right,and behind me. Nothing,,no suggestion of headlights, but there I sat,,the only human being for at least a mile in any direction. police, because there was obviously no cop anywhere around and certainly would have Much later that night,_ question of why I?d stopped for that light came back to me. I think I stopped because it?s part of a contract(合同) we all have with each other. It?s not only the law, but it?s an agreement we have,:We don?t go through red lights. Like most of us, I?m more ready to be stopped from doing something bad by the social 1-5 as/ when, waiting, why, being caught, there

6-10 there, through, same, it, than

 

第三篇:it的用法归纳

? Never be afraid of grammar

? Collect some examples;

? Watch them very carefully;

? Find out something in common;

? Try to use the rules ---- practise.

it用法完全归纳

一、it 作人称代词的用法

1. 指事物

作为人称代词,it 可以除人以外的一切事物或动物。如: I dropped my watch and it broke. 我把手表掉在地上摔坏了。 It’s hard work, but I enjoy it. 工作很辛苦,可是我乐意干。 “Where is the dog?” “It’s in the bedroom. ” “狗在哪?”“在卧室里”。

2. 指人

it 指人主要用于指不性别不明的婴儿或用于确认某人的身份。如:

Is it a boy or a girl? 是男孩还是女孩?

There is a knock on the door. It must be the postman. 有人在敲门,一定是邮递员。

【说明】在答语中,常用来指本人,如说 It’s me。

3. 代替某些代词

代词 it 还可用于代替指示代词this, that 以及复合不定代词 something, anything, nothing等。如:

“What’s this?” “It’s a new machine. ” “这是什么?”“是一种新机器”。

Nothing is wrong, is it? 没出什么问题,是吗?

二、it 作非人称代词的用法

1. 基本用法

it 作非人称代词的用法,主要用于指时间、距离、价值、天气、气候及温度等自然现象。如:

It’s too late to go there now. 现在去那儿已经太迟了。 It rained all day yesterday. 昨天下了一天的雨。

It can get very hot here. 这里有时会很热。

2. 用于某些句型

It’s time for sth. 该做某事了。

It’s time to do sth. 该做某事的时候了。

It’s time for sb to do sth. 某人该干某事了。

It’s (about / high) time + that-从句. 某人该做某事了。(从句谓语用过去式,有时也用“should+动词原形”)

It’s first (second) time + that-从句. 某人第几次干某事。(从句谓语用现在完成时)

It’s + 时间段 + since-从句. 自从……有一段时间了。

It’s + 时间段 + before-从句. 过多长的时间才……

三、it用作形式主语

1. 基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作句子主语时,为保持句子平衡,通常把真正的主语放在句末,而在句首使用形式主语it。如:

It’s very important to remember this. 记住这一点很重要。

It’s hard work climbing mountains. 爬山是费劲的事。

It’s unknown when he will come. 他什么时候来还不知道。

2. 用作形式主语的的重要句型

(1) It + be + adj. for (of) sb to do sth 某人做某事……

It is hard for him to make up his mind. 他很难下定决心。

It was foolish of her to say such a thing. 她说那样的话,真是太蠢了。

【说明】介词 of 与 for 的区别是:of 用于指某人的性格、属性、特征等,介词for表示对象,意为“对……来说” (from )。

(2) It takes sb + 时间段 + to do sth. 某人做某事花了……时间

It takes years to master a new language. 要花多年的时间才能掌握一门新的语言。

【说明】此句型可以有以下多变种变体:It took me an hour to write the letter. =The letter took me an hour (to write). =I took an hour to write the letter. 我写这封信花了一个小时。

(3) It is up to sb to do sth. 该由某人做某事

It’s up to you to to make the choice. 得由你来作选择。

(4) it look (seem, appear, happen, occur) that [as if]? 似

乎……

It seemed as though he didn’t recognize me. 他似乎没认出我来。

It happened that I was out when he called. 他打电话时我碰巧不在家。

(5) If it were not for? / If it hadn’t been for? 若不是因

为……

If it were not for their help, we couldn’t have got over the

difficulties. 要不是他们帮助,这些困难我们不克服不了的。

四、it用作形式宾语

1. 基本用法

当不定式、动名词、从句等复杂成分用作宾语且其后跟有宾语补足语时,通常会在宾语补足语前使用形式宾语,而将真正的宾语移至句末。其基本结构为“动词+it+宾语补足语+不定式(动名词或从句)”。如:

I find it difficult to do the job well. 我发现做好这件事不容

易。

I think it best that you should stay here. 我认为你最好住这

儿。

We think it no use complaining. 我们认为抱怨是没有用的。

2. 用作形式宾语的几个特殊结构

(1) 动词+ it + that-从句。如:

I like it that you came. 你来了,我很高兴。

I take it (that) he will come on time. 我认为他会准时来的。 You can put it that it was arranged before. 你可以说这是以前安排的。

Rumor has it that the defence minister will soon resign. 据传

闻,国防部长不久就要辞职。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有 have, take, put, like 等。

(2) 动词 + it + when (if)-从句。如:

I dislike it when you whistle. 我不爱听你吹口哨。(from

)

We really appreciate it when she offered to help. 她来帮忙了,我们十分感激。

I’d prefer it if I didn’t have to do so much work. 要是我不必做那么多工作,好就太好了。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有 enjoy, hate, love, like, dislike, appreciate, prefer 等。

(3) 动词 + prep + it + that-从句。如:

See to it that you’re not late again. 注意千万不要再迟到。 Look to it that this doesn’t happen again. 注意不要再发生这种事。

You may rely on it that he’ll come to meet you. 你放心,他会来接你的。

I can’t answer for it that he will come. 我不能保证他会来。(from )

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有see to, look to, insist on, stick to, depend on, answer for 等。

(4) 动词 + it + 介词短语+ that-从句。如:

I owe it to you that I am still alive. 多亏有你我才仍然活着。 I took it for granted that he would help us. 我认为他会帮助我们的。

【说明】能用于此结构的动词不多,常见的有take it for granted, bring it to sb’s attention, owe it to sb 等。

It 的用法练习

一.单项选择。

1.Was it during the Second World War _____he died?

A.that B.while C.in which D.then

2.Is ____ necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?

A. everyone B.this C.her D.it

3. Is ____ possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?

A.now B.that C.it D.man

4. I don’t think ___ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.

A.this B.that C.its D.it 5.She heard of a terrible noise, ___ brought her heart into her mouth.

A.it B.which C.this D.that 6.Alice received an invitation from her boss, ____ came as a surprise.

A.it B.that C.which D.he 7.Does ____ matter if he can’t finish the job on time? A.this B.that C.he D.it 8.Tom’s mother kept telling him that he should work harder, but ____ didn’t help.

A.he B.which C.she D.it

9.The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.

A.what B.which C.that D.it 10.____is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A.There B.This C.That D.It 11.I hope there are enough glasses for each guest to have _____. A.it B.those C.them D.one 12.It was about 600 years ago___the first clock with a face and an hour hand was made.

A.that B.until C.before D.when 13.I hate ____ when people talk with their mouths full. A.it B.that C.these D.them 14.It was only when I reread his poems recently____ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A.until B.that C.then D.so 15.It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A.one B.that C.what D.it

16.It ____ you that ____ to blame.

A.is;is B.is; are C.are;are D.are;is

17.Was_____that I saw last night at the concert?

A.it you B.not you C.you D.that you 18.____ electricity plays such an important part in our life? A.Why is it that B.Why is it

C.Why it is that D.Why is that

19.It was ____ he said _____ disappointed me. A.what;what B.that;that C.what;that D.that;what 20.It was in the lab ___ was taken charge of by Professor Harris ___ they did the experiment.

A.which; that B.that; what C.whom; that

D.which; where

二.分析it成分,辨清相似句型。

21.①_____ is well know to us all that the earth is round.

②____ is well known to us all, the earth is round. A.That B.As C.It D.Which

22. ①_____doesn’t matter much whether he’ll come to the party. ②I feel ____ an honour to be invited to speak here.

A.this B.it C.that D.what

23. ①___ no wonder that he has passed the exam.

②___ no need for you to wait here.

A.There being B.It was

C.It is D.There is

24. ①Was it the house ____ Abraham Lincoln was born?

②Was it in the house ____ Abraham Lincoln was born?

A.that B.where

C.which D.both A and B

25. ① It’s very kind ____ you to help us.

② It’s very important _____ you to keep the balance of nature.

A.for B.of C.to Dwith .

26. ① It is no good ____ such a thing.

②It’s of no importance _____ such a thing. A.do B.to do C.doing D.done

27.①It's time that we ____ to school.

②It is the second time that we _____ to Beijing.

A.go B.went C.have been D.have gone

28.①It's tomorrow ____ he is going to Beijing.

②It was 8 o'clock _____ he went to school.

A.that B.when C.before D.since

29.①It is 3 years ____ he joined the army.

②It will be 3 years ____ we meet again.

A.before B.after C.since D.when

KEYS:

1-5ADCDB 6-10CDDBD 11-15DAABB 16-20BAACA

21.CB 22.BB 23.CD 24.BA 25.BA 26.CB 27.BC

28.AB 29.CA

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