Chapter One 文章开头句型

1-1 对立法 : 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法, 适用于有争议性的主题.

例如(e.g)

[1]. When asked about....., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ....... But I think/view a bit differently.

[2]. When it comes to .... , some people bielive that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguements/statements , but (I tend to the profer/latter ...)

[3]. Now, it is commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/ believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....

1-2 现象法 引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论 .

e.g

[1]. Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/aroused public/popular/wide/ worldwide concern.

[2]. Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention)

[3].Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.

----- To be continued !!

1-3 观点法 ----开门见山,直接了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.

e.g:

[1]. Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ... Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. benn more visible/popular than...

[2]. Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginnig/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...

[3]. Now there is a growing awareness/recognation ot the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......

[4]. Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......

1-4 引用法 ----- 先引出名人名言或者有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点! e.g:

[1]. "Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people .

"Education is not complete with gradulation." Such is the opnion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opnion.

[2]."........." How often we hear such statements/words like thoses /this .

In our own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......".

1-5 比较法 ------ 通过对过去,现在 两种不同的倾向,观点的比较 , 引出文章要讨论的观点. e.g:

[1]. For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .

[2]. People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.

1-6 故事法 ---- 先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.

e.g:

[1]. Once in (a newspaper) , I read of/learnt .... The phenemenon of ... has aroused public concern.

[2]. I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.

[3]. Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.

1-8 问题法 ----- 先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.

e.g:

Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly , some ..., others ...

But in my opinion , ...... .

Chapter 2 文章中间主体内容句型

原因结果分析

3-1-1. 基本原因 --- 分析某事物时, 用此句型说明其基本的或者多方面的原因.

e.g:

[1]. Why ... ? For one thing.. For another ...

[2]. The answer to this problem invovles many factors. For one thing... For another...... Still another ...

[3]. A number of factors , both physical and psychological affect .... /both individual and social contribute to ....

3-1-2 另一原因 --------> 在分析了基本原因之后, 再补充一个次要的或者更重要时用! e.g:

[1]. Another important factor is ....

[2]. ... is also responsible for the change/problem.

[3]. Certainly , the ... is not the sole reason for .....

3-1-3 后果影响 --------- 分析某事物可能造成的后果或者带来的影响 .

e.g:

[1]. It will produce a profound/far-reaching effect/impact on....

[2]. In involves some serious consequence for ........

比较对照句型

3-2-1. 两者比较 ---> 比较两事物, 要说出其一超过另一个, 或肯定一事物的优点, 也肯定其缺点的时候用 !

e.g:

[1]. The advantages gained from A are much greater than the advantages we gain from B.

[2]. Indeed, A carries much weight when compared with B.

[3]. There is no doubt that it has its negative effects as well as positive effects.

3-2-2 . 两者相同/相似 ------> 比较两事物共同都有或者共同都没有的特点时用!

e.g:

[1]. A and B have several thing in common. They are similar in that.....

[2]. A bears some sriking resemblance(s) to B.

Chapter Three 文章结尾形式

2-1 结论性--------- 通过对文章前面的讨论 ,引出或重申文章的中心思想及观点 .

e.g:

[1]. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw the conclusion that .....

[2]. In summary/In a word , it is more valuable .......

2-2 后果性------ 揭示所讨论的问题若不解决, 将产生的严重后果.

e.g:

[1]. We must call for an immediate method , because the current phenomenon of ... , if allowed to proceed, will surely lead to the heavy cost of .......

[2]. Obviously , if we ignore/are blind to the problem , there is every chance that .. will be put in danger.

2-3 号召性 -------- 呼吁读者行动起来, 采取行动或提请注意.

e.g:

[1]. It is time that we urged an immediate end to the undesirable tendcy of ......

[2]. It is essential thar effective measures should be taken to correct the tendency.

2-4 建议性 -------- 对所讨论的问题提出建议性的意见, 包括建议和具体的解决问题的方法. e.g:

[1]. While it cannot be solved immediately, still there are ways. The most popular is .... Another method is ... Still another one is .....

[2]. Awareness/Recognition of the problem is the first step toward the situation.

2-5 方向性的结尾方式 ---- 其与建议性的唯一差别就是对问题解决提出总的, 大体的方向或者指明前景.

e.g:

[1]. Many solutions are being offered here , all of them make some sense, but none is adequate enough. The problem should be recognized in a wide way .

[2]. There is no quick method to the issue of .., but .. might be helpful/benefical.

[3]. The great challenge today is ...... There is much difficulty , but ........

2--6 意义性的结尾方式 --------> 文章结尾的时候,从更高的更新的角度指出所讨论的问题的重要性以及其深远的意义!

e.g:

[1]. Following these suggestions may not guarantee the success, but the pay off might be worth the effort . It will not only benefit but also benefit .....

[2]. In any case, whether it is posotive or negative, one thing is certain that it will undoubtedly ..

 

第二篇：四六级,考研作文写法总结

在200词以下的短作文中，三段设置是一个比较合理的格局。特别是提纲三点出现的内容

和规律，我们可以发现一共出现过十种常见的段落。这些功能段落通过组合，可以形成多

种多样的考法。由于考研写作相对来说比较模式化，因此段落的出现也很有规律。可以看

出以下的情况：

第一段： 话题引出段

第二段： 观点列举段 / 利弊分析段 / 举例论证段 / 原因列举段

第三段： 归纳结论段 / 未来趋势段 / 建议措施段

任何一次考试，只要在以上段落中进行三段组合，就可以进行 一种命题。把握住了这种规律，考生就可以解剖大作文。把任何大作文看作三个部分的组

合，如果有了各部分组合的固定精彩语言，就可以以不变应万变。

1）话题引出段：开头

Recently, the problem of … has aroused（引起，激起） people’s concern（关心，关注）.

最近,…问题已引起人们的关注.

……has been playing an increasingly important role in our daily life. It has brought a lot of

benefits but has created some serious problems as well.

……已在我们的生活中扮演着越来越重要的角色.它给我们带来了许多好处,但也产生了一些

严重的问题.

It is commonly believed that… / It is a common belief that…

人们一般认为…

Nowadays, there is a growing concern over the issue of …

现在，人们越来越关注……

People in growing numbers are directing their attention to ……

越来越多的人把他们的注意力转向了……

With the development of ……, the problem of …has become increasingly serious。

随着……的发展，……的问题也越来越严重

Recently, a heated（热烈的） discussion has sprung up（迅速出现）as to ……

最近，对……出现了热烈的讨论

2）观点列举段：引出不同观点:

Opposite（相反的） voices are now rising in the debate（辩论）. Some people firmly believe

that……. On the contrary, quite a few people argue that……

现在出现了两种不同的观点。一些人坚信……；相反，另外一些人则称……

The controversial（有争议的） issue has aroused opposite opinions. One focuses on（集中

在） …….. ;the other opinion revolves around（以……为中心）……

这件广为争论的事激发了两种相反的观点。一种观点注重……。另一种观点则以……为中心。

People’s views on… vary\differs（变化,不同）from person to person. Some hold that… . However,

others believe that….

人们对…的观点因人而异.有些人认为….. 然而其他人却认为．．．

Attitudes towards …… vary from person to person.

人们对待吸毒的态度因人而异.

Different people hold different attitudes toward……. 对……人们的态度各不相同.

Every coin has two sides, and this issue is no exception（例外）. Above all, …In addition…More importantly… However, the negative（消极的） influence it renders（致使） should not be neglected（忽视）.It not only …but also

所有的事物都有两面，这件事也不例外。首先……另外……更重要的是……。但是，我们也不能忽视它带来的消极影响。它不仅……而且……。

Is this phenomenon a blessing or a curse.? The following list of advantages and disadvantages can explain everything。

这种现象是利还是弊？下面列出的利弊清单能做出解释。

4)举例论证段

For instance;例如

Take…for an example;以……为例

A case in point is……一个非常贴切的例子是……

The following illustrations can serve as strong evidence of the phenomenon。

下面的例子是这种现象的有力佐证。

5)原因列举段

Why should this phenomenon take place? There are generally three factors accounting for it. 这种现象为什么会发生呢？大致有三个原因。

Having taken everything into consideration, we may attribute the sharp change to three aspects. 全盘考虑之后，我们认为这种剧烈变化是由三个方面导致的。

This phenomenon\It exists for a number of reasons. First, … Second, … Third, …

这一现象的存在是有许多原因的.首先, … 第二, … 第三,…

6)归纳结论段

From my point of view, it is more reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second. 在我看来,支持第一种观点比支持第二种观点更有道理.

Personally, I am standing on the side of …

就我个人来说，我站在……的一边。

I cannot entirely agree with the idea that…

我无法完全同意这一观点….

It may be true that…, but it doesn’t mean that…

可能…是对的,但这并不意味着…

It is natural to believe that… , but we shouldn’t ignore that…

认为….是很自然的,但我们不应忽视….

In conclusion, 总之

In my opinion\ As far as I am concerned我认为

Taking into account all the analyses above, we may confidently come to the conclusion that…… 综上所述，我们可以得出结论……

Taking all these factors into consideration, we naturally come to the conclusion that…

综上所述，我们可以很自然的得出……的结论。

7)预测趋势段

There is no denying（否认） that ……will continue（继续） increasing/decreasing/developing in the better/worse direction。

不可否认的是，……将会朝着更好\更糟糕的方向继续增加\减少\发展。

No doubt, unless we take effective measures, it is very likely that…

毫无疑问,除非我们采取有效措施,很可能会…

8)建议措施段

It is urgent(由urge演变来，紧急的) that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation. 很紧迫的是,应立即采取措施阻止这一事态的发展.

There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to the problem of …

毫无疑问，对…问题应予以足够的重视.

It is high time that we put an end to the (trend).

该是我们停止这一现象\趋势……的时候了.

As far as I am concerned, two effective measures must be immediately taken to pull through the crisis/ settle the problem。

就我看来，我们必须立即采取以下两种有效措施来平息这场危机\解决这个问题。

Only in this way can we… 只有这样,我们才能…

过渡词 (不用全记，每个类别记住一部分就算小牛了)

强调

still, indeed, apparently, oddly enough, of course, after all, significantly, interestingly, also, above all, surely, certainly, undoubtedly, in any case, anyway, above all, in fact, especially, obviously, clearly.

比较

like, similarly, likewise, in the same way, in the same manner, equally.

对比

by contrast, on the contrary, while, whereas, on the other hand, unlike, instead, but, conversely, different from, however, nevertheless, otherwise, whereas, unlike, yet, in contrast.

列举

for example, for instance, such as, take …for example. except (for), to illustrate.

时间

later, next, then, finally, at last, eventually, meanwhile, from now on, at the same time, for the time being, in the end, immediately, in the meantime, in the meanwhile, recently, soon, now and then, during,nowadays, since, lately, as soon as, afterwards,temporarily, earlier, now, after a while. 顺序

first, second, third, then, finally, to begin with, first of all, in the first place, last, next, above all, last but not the least, first and most important.

可能

presumably, probably, perhaps.

解释

in other words, in fact, as a matter of fact, that is, namely, in simpler terms.

递进

What’s more, in addition, and, besides, also, furthermore, too, moreover, furthermore, as well as, additionally, again.

让步

although, after all, in spite of…, despite, even if, even though, though, admittedly, whatever may happen.

转折

however, rather than, instead of, but, yet, on theother hand, unfortunately. whereas

原因

for this reason, due to, thanks to, because, because of, as, since, owing to.

结果

as a result, thus, hence, so, therefore, accordingly, consequently, as consequence.

总结

on the whole, in conclusion, in a word, to sum up, in brief, in summary, to conclude, to summarize, in short.

其他

Mostly, occasionally, currently, naturally, mainly, exactly, evidently, frankly, commonly, for this purpose, to a large extent, for most of us, in many cases, in this case