初二英语期中总结

初二不规则动词过去式表

1) am/is --- was 2) are --- were

是（单） 是（复） 41) lay --- laid

下(蛋)

42) learn --- learned, learnt 学习 3) babysit --- babysat 4) bear --- bore 5) beat --- beat

6) become --- became 7) begin --- began 8) break --- broke

9) bring --- brought 10) build --- built 11) buy --- bought 12) can --- could 13) catch --- caught 14) come --- came 15) cost --- cost 16) cut --- cut

17) do/does --- did 18) draw --- drew 19) drink --- drank 20) drink --- drove 21) eat --- ate 22) fall --- fell 23) feed --- fed 24) feel --- felt

25) fight --- fought 26) find --- found 27) fly --- flew

28) forget --- forgot 29) freeze --- froze 30) get --- got

31) give --- gave 32) go --- went 33) grow --- grew

34) hang --- hanged, hung 35) have/has --- had 36) hear --- heard 37) hold --- held 38) hurt ---hurt

39) keep --- kept 40) know --- knew

临时照顾 出生 打败 成为 开始 破坏 带来 修建 买 能够 抓住 来 支付 剪 做 画画 喝 驾驶 吃 落下 喂养 感觉 打架 找到 飞 忘记 结冰 得到 给 去 成长

闲逛 做；进行 听见 主持 伤害 保持 知道

43) leave --- left 44) lie --- lay, lied 45) let --- let

46) lose --- lost 47) make --- made 48) may --- might

49) mean --- meant 50) meet --- met 51) pay --- paid 52) put --- put

53) read ---read 54) ride --- rode 55) ring --- rang 56) run --- ran

57) say --- said 58) see --- saw 59) sell --- sold 60) send --- sent 61) shall --- should

62) show --- showed 63) sing --- sang 64) sit --- sat

65) sleep --- slept 66) speak --- spoke

67) spell --- spelled, spelt 68) spend --- spent 69) stand --- stood 70) sweep --- swept 71) swim --- swam 72) take --- took 73) teach --- taught 74) tell --- told

75) think --- thought 76) wear --- wore 77) will --- would 78) win --- won

79) write --- wrote

离开 平卧 让 丢失 制作 可能

表?意思

遇见 付钱 摆；放 阅读 骑（车）响 跑 说 看见 卖；出售发送 应该 展示 唱歌 坐 睡觉 说话

拼写 度过 站立 扫除 游泳 带走 教 讲 思考；想穿 将要 赢 写

英语的几种基本句型

1. Subject (主语) ＋ Verb (谓语)

这种句型中的动词大多是不及物动词，这些动词常见的有：appear, apologize,arrive, come, die, disappear, exist, fall, happen, rise,等等。如： The students work very hard.学生们学习很努力。 She apologized to me again. 她再次向我道歉。

The accident happened yesterday evening.事故是昨天晚上发生的。 2. Subject (主语) ＋ Link. V(系动词) ＋ Predicate(表语) 这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类：

(1)表示状态的连系动词。这些词有：be, look, seem, appear, smell, taste, sound, keep, remain, 等等。如：

Several players lay flat on the playground.几个队员平躺在操场上。

The picture looks more beautiful at a certain distance.这幅画在一定的距离看更漂亮一些。 (2)表示转变或结果的系动词。这些词有：become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等。如： Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.春天到了，天气变得越来越暖和。 Don't have the food. It has gone bad.不要吃那种食物，已经变质了。 The facts prove true.事实证明是正确的。

3. Subject(主语) ＋ Verb (谓语) ＋ Object (宾语)

这种句型中的动词应为及物动词或者可以后接宾语的动词短语。同时，句子中有时含有与宾语有关的状语。作宾语的成分常是：名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句。如： You can put the books in your bag.你可以把书放在书包里。

Farmers in our area grow lots of vegetables.我们这里的农民种很多种蔬菜。

She lost the chance to make her appearance on the stage.她失去了在舞台上露面的机会。 I prefer to make web pages.我更喜欢做网页。

4. Subject(主语)＋Verb(谓语)＋ Indirect object(间接宾语)＋Direct object (直接宾语) 这种句型中作间接宾语的常常指“人”，直接宾语常常指“物”。如：

Yesterday her father bought her a bicycle as a birthday present.昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物。

The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.老人正在给孩子们讲长征中的故事。

这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型：1)动词 ＋ 宾语 ＋ for sb.； 2)动词 ＋ 宾语＋to sb.。如： Please show me your picture. －Please show your picture to me. 请把你的画给我看一下。 I'll offer you a good chance as long as you dont lose heart. —I'll offer a good chance for you as long as you don't lose heart. 只要你不失去信心，我会给你提供机会的。

5. Subject(主语)＋Verb (动词)＋Object (宾语)＋Complement(补语) 这种句型中的宾语＋ 补语可统称为“复合宾语”。担任补语的常常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等。如：

Keep the children quiet, please. 请让孩子们安静下来。

He painted the wall white. 他把墙漆成白色。 We found him an honest person.我们发现他是一个诚实的人。

His mother told him not to play on the street.他母亲告诉他不要在街上玩。

注意：动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe, watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时，不带to。如：

The boss made him do the work all day.老板让他整天做那项工作。

语法：一般将来时

shall用于第一人称，常被will 所代替。will 在陈述句中用于各人称，在征求意见时常用于第二人称。例如：

Which paragraph shall I read first？ 我先读哪一段呢？

Will you be at home at seven this evening? 今晚七点回家好吗？ 2） be going to +不定式，表示将来。

a. 主语的意图，即将做某事。例如：What are you going to do tomorrow? 明天打算作什么呢？ b. 计划，安排要发生的事。例如：The play is going to be produced next month。这出戏下月开播。

c. 有迹象要发生的事。例如：Look at the dark clouds, there is going to be a storm. 看那乌云，快要下雨了。

3） be +不定式表将来，按计划或正式安排将发生的事。例如：

We are to discuss the report next Saturday.我们下星期六讨论这份报告。 4） be about to +不定式，意为马上做某事。例如： He is about to leave for Beijing. 他马上要去北京。

注意：be about to do 不能与tomorrow, next week 等表示明确将来时的时间状语连用。 be going to / will 用于条件句时，be going to表将来,will表意愿。例如：

If you are going to make a journey, you'd better get ready for it as soon as possible. Now if you will take off your clothes, we will fit the new clothes on you in front of the mirror.

be to和be going to 区别

be to 表示客观安排或受人指示而做某事，be going to 表示主观的打算或计划。例如： I am to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我去踢球。（客观安排） I'm going to play football tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我想去踢球。（主观安排） 一般现在时表将来

1）下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return的一般现在时可以表示将来，主要用来表示在时间上已确定或安排好的事情。例如：

The train leaves at six tomorrow morning. 火车明天上午六点开。

When does the bus star? It stars in ten minutes. 汽车什么时候开？十分钟后。 2）以here, there等开始的倒装句，表示动作正在进行。例如： Here comes the bus. = The bus is coming. 车来了。 There goes the bell. = The bell is ringing. 铃响了。 3）在时间或条件句中。例如：

When Bill comes （不是will come）, ask him to wait for me. 比尔来后，让他等我。 I'll write to you as soon as I arrive there. 我到了那里，就写信给你。 4）在动词hope, take care that, make sure that等的宾语从句中。例如： I hope they have a nice time next week. 我希望他们下星期玩得开心。

Make sure that the windows are closed before you leave the room. 离开房间前，务必把窗户关了。

11.8 用现在进行时表示将来

下列动词come, go, arrive, leave, start, begin, return等现在进行时可以表示将来。例如： I'm leaving tomorrow. 明天我要走了。

Are you staying here till next week? 你会在这儿呆到下周吗？

几个特殊词语用法

1.a few有一点，表示肯定；后面接可数名词；few几乎没有，极少，表示否定，后面接可署名词；a little有一点，表示肯定，后面接不可数名词；little几乎没有，极少，表示否定，后面接不可数名词。

2.Leave的用法

1） “leave+地点”表示“离开某地” 如，When did you leave Changchun? 2） “leave for+地点”表示“离开去某地” 如She is leaving for London. 3） “leave+地点+for +地点”表示“离开某地去某地” Why are you leaving Changchun for Wuhan? 3. so、such与不定冠词的使用

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