高中英语语法总结大全之独立主格

独立主格

（一）： 独立主格结构的构成：

名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；

名词(代词)+形容词；

名词(代词)+副词；

名词(代词)+不定式；

名词(代词) +介词短语构成。

（二） 独立主格结构的特点：

1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同，它独立存在。

2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。

3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。

举例：

The test finished, we began our holiday.

= When the test was finished, we began our holiday.

考试结束了，我们开始放假。

The president assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

= After the president was assassinated, the whole country was in deep sorrow.

总统被谋杀了，举国上下沉浸在悲哀之中。

Weather permitting, we are going to visit you tomorrow.

如果天气允许，我们明天去看你。

This done, we went home.

工作完成后，我们才回家。

The meeting gone over, everyone tired to go home earlier.

会议结束后，每个人都想早点回家。

He came into the room, his ears red with cold.

他回到了房子里，耳朵冻坏了。

He came out of the library, a large book under his arm.

他夹着本厚书，走出了图书馆

With的复合结构

表伴随时，既可用分词的独立结构，也可用with的复合结构。

with +名词(代词)+现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/不定式/介词短语

举例: He stood there, his hand raised.

= He stood there, with his hand raise.

典型例题

The murder was brought in, with his hands ___ behind his back。

A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied

答案D. with +名词（代词）+分词+介词短语结构。当分词表示伴随状况时，其主语常常用with来引导。由于本句中名词"手"与分词"绑"是被动关系，因此用过去分词，选D.

注意:

1) 独立主格结构使用介词的问题：

当介词是in时，其前后的两个名词均不加任何成分（如物主代词或冠词），也不用复数。但 with 的复合结构不受此限制

A robber burst into the room, knife in hand.

( hand前不能加his)。

2) 当表人体部位的词做逻辑主语时，及物动词用现在分 词，不及物动词用过去分词。 He lay there, his teeth set, his hand clenched, his eyes looking straight up.

典型例题：

Weather___, we'll go out for a walk.

A permittedB permittingC permitsD for permitting

答案B. 本题中没有连词，它不是复合句，也不是并列句。 句中使用了逗号，且we 小写，可知其不是两个简单句。能够这样使用的只有独立主格或with的复合结构。据此判断，本句中使用的是独立结构， 其结构为：名词+分词。 由于permit在这里翻译为'天气允许'，表主动，应用现在分词，故选B。

如果不会判断独立结构作状语的形式，不妨将句子改为条件句，例如本句改为If weather permits, we'll go out for a walk. 然后将if 去掉，再将谓语动词改为非谓语动词即可

 

第二篇：20xx年整理高中英语语法总结大全-动名词

高中英语语法总结大全之动名词

动名词作主语、宾语和表语

1）作主语

Fighting broke out between the South and the North.

南方与北方开战了。

2）作宾语

a. 动词后加动名词doing作宾语 V. + doing sth

admit 承认

complete 完成

deny 否认

enjoy 喜欢

fancy 想象

mind 介意 appreciate 感激,赞赏 consider 认为 avoid 避免 delay 耽误 detest 讨厌 endure 忍受 escape 逃脱 prevent阻止 finish 完成 imagine 想象 postpone 推迟 miss 想念

practise 训练

resist 抵抗

suggest 建议

stand 忍受

keep 继续

举例： recall 回忆 resent 讨厌 resume 继续 risk 冒险 face 面对 include 包括 understand 理解 forgive 宽恕

(1)Would you mind turning down your radio a little, please?

(2)The squirrel was lucky that it just missed being caught.

b. 词组后接doing

admit toprefer…tobe used tolead todevote oneself toobject tostick tobe busylook forward toto为介词）

no good, no use,

can't help,

be fond of

be proud of

put off It's worth…, as well as, be tired of be afraid of hold off It's no use /good be capable of think of / about keep on insist on count on / upon

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set about be successful ingood at take up

give up burst out

3）作表语

Her job is washing，cleaning and taking care of the children.

worth 的用法

worth，worthy，worth-while都为adj.意为"值得"。

1. worth： be worth + n.当名词为金钱时，表示"…… 值得……"

be worth doing sth."……某事值得被做"

The question is not worth discussing again and again.

2. worthy：be worthy of +n.当名词为抽象名词时表示"……值得……"

be worthy to be done "某事值得被做"

The question is not worthy to be discussed againand again.

3. worth-while： be worth-while to do sth"值得做某事"

worth while： It is worth while doing sth

It is worth while sb to do sth.

典型例题

It is not ____ to discuss the question again and again.

A. worthB. worthyC. worth-whileD. worth while

答案C. 由worth的用法可知，此句只适合词组be worth-while to do sth.。因此选C

prevent … from…

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