高考英语知识点 介词of的用法总结
来源：互联网
英语是一门很讲究知识积累的科目，没有扎实的基础就很难考得高分。小编为您搜集整理了20##年高考英语相关知识点，希望同学们能够认真看一看。
小编寄语：介词of 为我们所熟悉，但是用法却很复杂。下面小编为大家提供介词 of 的用法总结，供大家参考。
1. 表示所有关系，用以构成名词的所有格，如the gate of the school（校门），the secret of success（成功的秘密），等。
注意以下正误表达：
正：He is a friend of my father. 他是我父亲的一位朋友。
正：He is a friend of my father’s. 他是我父亲的一位朋友。
正：He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一位朋友。
误：He is a friend of me.
以下表达是错误的：
误：What’s the name of you？（改为…your name）
误：Do you know the father of him？（改为…his father）
误：I will show the books of me.（改为…my books）
但是以下表达却是对的（of表示动宾关系）：
正：I hate the sight of him. 我讨厌看到他。
正：His criticism of her is serious. 他对她的批评是严肃 的。
2. 与 age， shape， size， colour， height， design， weight 等名词连用，可用作表语或定语；其中的介词 of 有时可省略。如：
The two boys are （of） the same height. 这两个男孩一样高。
Here is a piece of wood （of） the right size. 这有一块木头，其大小刚好适合。
When I was （of） your age， I lived in the country. 我像你这个年纪的时候，我住在乡下。
3. 与某些名词（如help， value， interest， importance等）连用，相当于形容词，可用作定语或表语。如：
It’s not of much value. 这没有多大价值。
This subject is of great interest to me. 这门学科对我来说是很有趣的。
The dictionary is of much help to the students. 这本字典对学生帮助很大。
4. 与 hear， talk， know， speak 等动词连用，表示一种间接性，大意为“涉及到”。如：
I’ve never heard of anyone doing a thing like that. 我从未听说有人做过那种事。
Mary is talking of looking for another job. 玛丽说起要另找一份工作。
I don’t know the writer， but I know of him. 我不认识这个作家，但我听说过他。
People spoke of their fear as the flood waters rose. 人们说起看到洪水上涨时的恐惧。
5. 与表示动作的名词或动名词连用，表示动宾关系。如：
The writing of the letter took me three hours. 写这封信花了我3个小时。
Loss of health is worse than loss of wealth. 失去财富比失去健康更糟。
6. 表示比较范围，意为“在……当中”。如：
Of all the choices， this is the best. 在所有选择中，这种最好。
Of the two coats， the black one is the better. 在这两件外套中，这件黑色的更好些。
7. 与 careless， clever， cruel， foolish， friendly， generous， good， impolite， kind， nice， polite， right， rude， selfish， silly， stupid， wise， wrong等表示人的品行和特点的形容词连用，用于 It’s+adj.+of sb （to do sth） 句型。如：
It was kind of him to wait. 多蒙他好心等候。
It was silly of you to believe him. 你相信他是愚蠢的。
It was foolish of me to forget. 我真蠢，竟然忘记了。
It’s unfair of him to criticize me. 他批评我是不公平的。
It was generous of him to pay us. 他付了我们钱，真慷慨。
It was selfish of him not to contribute anything. 他很自私什么也不捐。
It was careless of you to leave your camera in the taxi. 你把照相机留在计程车里实在太不小心了。
高考英语知识点 介词in的用法总结
来源：互联网
英语是一门很讲究知识积累的科目，没有扎实的基础就很难考得高分。小编为您搜集整理了20xx年高考英语相关知识点，希望同学们能够认真看一看。
小编寄语：介词 in 在英语中很常见，但是用法却很复杂。下面小编为大家提供 介词 in 的用法总结，供大家参考。
1. 表示时间，表示“在??后”，注意它与after的区别：虽然两者均可与一段时间连用，表示多久之后，但in 以现在时间为起点，表示从现在起多久以后，通常用于将来时态或含有将来意味的句子；而 after 则以过去或将来时间为起点，表示从那以后。如：
I’ll come back in five minutes. 我5分钟后就回来。（以现在时间为起点） He came back after five minutes. 5分钟后他就回来了。（以过去时间为起点） 但是，若after后接的不是一“段”时间，而是一“点”时间，则完全可以现在时间为起点。如：
I’ll come back after five o’clock. 我5点钟以后回来。
不过，在现代英语中，以上规则有时被打破。如：
I may come after a day or two. 我可能过一两天会来。
Wang Bing is leaving the USA after two days. 两天后王兵要离开美国。
2. 类似in three days 这样的短语，有时含义不易确定，因为它既可表示“3天内”，也可表示“3天后”，大致可以这样区分：若与延续性动词连用，则表示“3天内”，若与非延续性动词连用，则表示“3天后”。如：
He learnt English in three weeks. 他在3周内学会了英语。
The train will arrive in a few minutes. 火车过几分钟就到。
但语言的实际并不完全是这样，有时需视具体的上下文或语境来确定。如：
We should be able to complete the work in five days. 我们应该能在5天内完成这工作。
为了明确语义，有时人们就分别用 within 和 after 来表示“在??内”和“在??后”：
I’ll see you again within three days. 3天内我再来看你。
I’ll see you again after three days. 3天后我再来看你。
3. 表地点、位置、范围、空间等，注意不要混淆in与on的用法。如：
瞧，墙上有个洞。
误：Look， there’s a hole on the wall.
正：Look， there’s a hole in the wall.
比较：a picture on the wall 墙上的画。
我在报纸上看到这条消息。
误：I read about it on the newspaper.
正：I read about it in the newspaper.
比较：a photo on the newspaper（放在报纸上的照片），a photo in the newspaper（登在报纸上的照片）。
有时用介词 in 或 on 均可：在英国英语多用 in，在美国英语中多用 on.如： in the street / on the street 在街上
in the road / on the road 在路上
in our team / on our team 在我们队
目 录
前 言 2 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——it 的用法 4 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态 9 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——比较结构 24 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——代词 28 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——定语从句 41 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——动词时态 51 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——短语动词 61 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——非谓语动词 66 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——冠词 88 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——交际口语 94 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——介词 100 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——连词 107 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词 112 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词性从句 121 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——强调句 127 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——情态动词 132 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——形容词与副词
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——虚拟语气 147 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——状语从句 152 易受 “复杂句式”影响的单选题讲练教案 147 情感态度题词语选项，出题位置及解题方法 152 That 在高考中的地位 153 139
高中最常见的含介词ｔｏ的短语动词 155
108所名校试题汇编：英语 172
高考英语交际用语特殊答语 264
高考英语写作常用句型 266
必记高考重点动词词组及辨析 274
一点中学生必备的30句名言-----受益无穷 281
20xx年高考考前点播系列之揭开高考英语单项填空的神秘面纱 284 20xx年高考英语最后一讲（内部交流） 298
前 言
基础题，人人会做，显不出优势；高难题，人人不会做，拉不开距离；陷阱题，表面看起来很容易，所需知识也不一定很难，但其中隐含机关，预设陷阱，尽管你完全具备做好此类题的知识和能力，但由于你理解角度不对、分析思路不活、做题方法不当、使用技法不巧等，可能自认为捡了个大便宜，而实际上却刚好掉入了命题人为你精心准备的陷阱。不信你就看看下面几道题：
1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.
A. that B. what
C. that that D. what what
仔细想想看，选A还是选B？请给出你的决定——未作决定之前请不要往后看！你的分析可能是这样的：
选项C和D 不太可能是正确答案，因为像这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况一般不可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以只能选B了。
事实是：如果你选A，肯定错了；如果你选B，那也错了。此题最佳答案是 D，其中第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。假若去掉句末的meant，则答案就是B了。
分析有道理吗？有点启发吗？你可要客观地评价噢！请再看一题：
2. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
这次可要想好！请拿定主意，选C还是选D？未作决定之前请不要往后看！你的分析可能是这样的：
此题既不选C，也不选D，而是选A。因为两处的空格均填形式主语it。
事实上，你又错了。此题的最佳答案是C：第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式 to play with fire；而第二空应填 what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意 what is difficult 后的谓语动词 is。有点收获吧，再请做做以下类似试题：
(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
(2) Yes, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
答案选什么，估计你不会选错了，你若还不放心，请往本书后面有关去找找，那里有明确的答案。对此有兴趣吗？那就再看一题吧！
3. Let‘s make it at seven o‘clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.
A. you‘re convenient B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
先仔细想好，看选项A和C哪个更佳，当然也可能A和C都不对，答案在B、D当中。不过，主意你自己拿。我猜你的答案不是A就可能是C，因为你可能将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient了。
其实最佳答案是B，因为英语中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的”，而是表示“使人感到方便的”，所以 be convenient 的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”，英语通常 if it is convenient for [to] you，其中的介词可用 for 或 to，但一般不用 with。顺便说一句，偶尔也可见到用人或物作 be convenient的主语，但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点：句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，如：
Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去见玛丽较为方便。
The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 这家具搬起来很方便。
怎么样，再看最后一题：
4. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, ―Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?‖
A. that B. which
C. where D. what
此题该选哪个答案？你可能毫不犹豫地选了B，是吗？你的想法很可能是：around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。
对不起，还是错了。最佳答案应是C。你的分析并不算太错，但问题是，照你的分析，此句的意思便是：有没有这样一家医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
类似的例子我们就不再罗列了，您若对此有兴趣，您若觉得您在这方面还比较薄弱，您若觉得这些知识对您还有必要，请继续往下读，后面的内容会更丰富、更精彩。当然，您若对此没有兴趣，或者您已是这方面的高手，建议您最好别看了，耽误了您不少时间，实在抱歉！
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——it 的用法
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. Everyone knows that _______ is dangerous to play with fire, but _______ is difficult is to prevent children from playing with fire.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为两空均考查形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，第一空填形式主语，真正的主语是其后的不定式 to play with fire。第二空填 what，what is difficult 是主语从句，注意 what is difficult 后的谓语动词 is。请做以下类似试题：
(1) I know ______ is important to know my own limitations, but _______ is difficult is to help others to know their own limitations.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
(2) Yes, ______ is difficult to find a job nowadays, but _____ is more difficult is try to find such a job with a high salary but little things to do.
A. it, it B. what, what
C. it, what D. what, it
2. I dislike _______ when others laugh at me in public or think poorly of me behind.
A. that B. those
C. it D. them
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案是C，因为在通常情况下，like 是及物动词，其后应有宾语(句中 it 即为其宾语)。句中的 when 从句不是宾语从句，而是时间状语从句，其中的 when 的意思是“当……的时候”。其实，也有的词典将 I don’t like it when (if) … 作为一个句型来处理。能这样用的动词不多，主要的有enjoy, like, dislike, love, hate, prefer, appreciate等表示喜好的动词。
She won’t like it if you arrive late. 她不喜欢你迟到。
He hates it when people use his bike. 他讨厌别人用他的自行车。
请做以下类似试题(答案均选 it)：
(1) I hate _______ if people say such things in public.
A. that B. those
C. it D. them
(2) I‘d prefer _______ if I didn‘t have to get up early on Sundays.
A. that B. such
C. it D. which
(3) I would appreciate _______ very much if you could give me some suggestions.
A. this B. that
C. it D. you
3. I‘ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn‘t ask who _______ was.
A. he B. that
C. she D. it
【陷阱】容易误选A或C。
【分析】最佳答案是D。it 用以指身份不明的人。若指身份明确的人，则不宜用it。比较：
(1) Mr Smith is at the door. _______ wants to see you.
(2) Someone is at the door. ________ must be Mr Smith.
A. He B. It
C. This D. That
第(1)题选A，因为来者身份明确；第(2)选B，因为来者身份不明确。
4. ―Excuse me, I want to have my watch fixed, but I can‘t find a repair shop.‖ ―I know ________ nearby. Come on, I‘ll show you.‖
A. one B. it
C. some D. that
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案是A。it 和 one 的区别可简单地概括为：it = the + 名词，one = a + 名词。如：
I haven’t got any pens, and I want to borrow one. 我没有钢笔，我想借一支。(one = a pen)
I have two pens, and I can lend one to you. 我有两本支钢笔，我可以借一支。(one = a pen)
I have a pen, and I can lend it to you. 我有一本钢笔，我可以把它借给你。(it = the pen)
在上面一题中，one 相当于 one 相当于 a repair shop。请做下面一题（答案选A）： There is only one English-Chinese dictionary in that book-shop. I wonder if you still want to buy _______.
A. it B. one
D. any C. another
5. Will you see to _______ that my children are taken good care of while I am away?
A. it B. me
C. yourself D. them
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案是A。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是空格后that引导的宾语从句。see to 意为“负责”、“注意”，其中的 to 为介词，不宜直接跟that引导的宾语从句，遇此情况可借助代词 it。请做下面两题，答案也是选 it：
(1) I‘ll see to _______ that all these letters will be sent to the post before twelve.
A. it B. me
D. them C. which
(2) Will you see to _______ that the luggage is brought back as soon as possible?
A. me B. yourself
C. it D. them
类似以上 see to 用法的短语还有 depend on, answer for 等。如下面两题答案也选 it：
(1) You may depend on _______ that he will turn up in time.
A. it B. me
D. them C. which
(2) I can‘t answer for ________ that the boy is honest.
A. it B. me
D. them C. which
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Why shouldn‘t I buy a new coat — I haven‘t bought _____ for five years.
A. it B. that
C. one D. which
2. He made _____ known to his friends that he didn‘t want to enter politics.
A. that B. it
C. himself D. him
3. It used to be thought _____ the Earth was flat.
A. as B. when
C. since D. that
4. The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in.
A. they B. it
C. one D. which
5. _______ is well known _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.
A. It, that B. As, /
C. As, as D. It, which
6. — I don‘t know whether I should go abroad or not, Mum.
— I leave _______ to your own judgment whether you should do it.
A. that B. it
C. this D. what
7. Does ________ matter if he can‘t finish the job on time?
A. this B. that
C. he D. it
8. They are good friends. _______ is no wonder that they know each other so well.
A. This B. That
C. There D. It
9. They live on a busy main road. ______ must be very noisy.
A. There B. It
C. That D. They
10. Why don‘t you bring ______ to his attention that you are too busy to do it?
A. this B. what
C. that D. it
11. ―Look at that lady on the stage. She‘s already forty.‖ ―You are joking. She doesn‘t look ________.‖
A. so B. it
C. that D. this
13. _______ was known to them all that William had broken his promise ______ he would give each of them a gift.
A. As; Which B. What; that
C. It; that D. It; which
14. In the west, people make _______ a rule to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends.
A. this B. that
C. it D. the following
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选C。one 指 a coat。比较：it = the +名词，one = a+名词，换句话说，it 是特指的，而one 则是泛指的。
2. 选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that he didn’t want to enter politics。
3. 选D。it 为形式主语，此句为 People used to think that the Earth was flat 的被动语态形式。
4. 选B。it 指前面提到的 new house。注意不能选D，因为其前有并列连词but。
5. 选A。it 为形式主语，其后的that从句为主语从句。比较下面一题，答案选B： _______ is well known, _______ Hong Kong returned to China on July 1st, 1997.
A. It, that
C. As, as B. As, / D. It, which
6. 选B。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 whether you should do it.
7. 选 D。it doesn’t matter if…, does it matter if… 等为英语常用表达。
8. 选 D。it’s no wonder that… 意为“难怪……”、“……不足为怪”，为英语固定表达，其中的 it’s 也可省略，即只说 No wonder that…。如：
No wonder (that) he didn’t want to go. 难怪他不想去。
9. 选B。it 指环境。
10. 选 D。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是 that you are too busy to do it.
12. 选 B。it 指 her age。look one’s age 为习语，意为“容貌与年龄相称”。
13. 选C。第一空填 it，为形式主语；第二空填that，用以引导一个同位语从句，修饰 promise。
14. 选 C。it 为形式宾语，真正的宾语是其后的不定式 to send Christmas present to their relatives and friends。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——被动语态
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “Do you like the material？” “Yes, it _____ very soft.”
A. is feeling B. felt
C. feels D. is felt
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，想当然地根据“这布料摸起来很柔软”这一句意，认为“布料”应是“被摸”，所以 feel 选用被动语态。
【分析】其实，此题正确答案为C，因为 feel 在此为连系动词，而连系动词均为不及物动词，不能用于被动语态，尽管有时其汉语意思有被动意味。请看以下类似例子 （答案均为D）：
（1） Her forehead _____ hot. I’m afraid she is ill.
A. is feeling B. felt
C. is felt D. feels
（2） The new school has been completed. It _____ very beautiful.
A. is looked B. looked
C. has looked D. looks
（3） The dish _____ nice, but the milk _____ sour.
A. is smelt, is smelt B. is smelt, smells
C. smells, is smelt D. smells, smells
（4） The story of his life _____ interesting.
A. is sounded B. is sounding
C. has sounded D. sounds
2. He was angry _____ your work. He said that he _____ at all.
A. at, didn‘t satisfy B. to, didn‘t satisfy
C. at, wasn‘t satisfied D. to, wasn‘t satisfied
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能被误选。
【分析】最佳答案为C. be angry at （about） sth 意为“对某事生气”，许多同学常按汉语意思将其中的介词 at （about） 换成 to，这是错误的。另外，许多同学将汉语的“不满意”直译为 not satisfy，这是是不对的，因为，satisfy在现代英语中只用作及物动词，其意不是“满意”而是“使（人）满意”，所以其后不能没有宾语，除非本身是被动语态（或是系表结构）。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. The president _____ a cool reception when he visited London.
A. gave B. was given
C. had given D. had been given
2. A red sky in the morning _____ to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says B. is saying
C. has said D. is said
3 If you go there alone after dark you might get _____.
A. attacked and robbed B. attacking and robbing
B. to attack and rob D. to be attacked and robbed
4. What I wanted to know was when and where the meeting ______.
A. was holding B. had held
C. was to hold D. was to be held
5. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.
A. develop B. are being developed
C. are developing D. have developed
6. I‘ll come after the meeting if time ______.
A. permits B. is permitting
C. is permitted D. has permitted
7. The students _____ ￡50 a year to cover the cost of books and stationery.
A. give B. are given
C. have given D. to give
8. With the development of science, more new technology _______ to the fields of IT.
A. has introduced B. is being introduced
C. is introduced D. was introduced
9.“How about the dishes, Dear？” “The beef didn’t taste very good. It ______ too long.”
A. cooked B. had been cooked
C. was cooked D. had cooked
10. He kept a little notebook, in which ______ the names and addresses of his friends.
A. wrote B. was writing
C. was written D. were written
11. “Look！ Everything here is under construction.” “What is the small building that ______for？”
A. is being building B. has been built
C. is built D. is being built
12. Hundreds of jobs _______ if the factory closes.
A. lose B. will be lost
C. are lost D. will lose
13. A red sky in the morning ______ to be a sign of bad weather.
A. says B. is saying
C. has said D. is said
14. New medicines and instruments ______ every day to extend life.
A. develop B. are being developed
C. are developing D. have developed
【答案与解析】
1. 选B.一方面语意要求要被动语态，另一方面从句时态暗示主句应用一般过去时。
2. 选D.此句也可说成 It is said that a red sky in the morning is a sign of bad weather.
3. 选A，“get + 过去分词”表被动。
4. 选D，从逻辑上说，“会议”应是被开，故用被动式。
5. 选B.从语境上看，develop 不仅要用被动语态，而且要用进行时态。
6. 选A，该用法中的 permit 为不及物动词，不用被动语态。其中if time permits 也可换成 time permitting.
7. 选B.谓语为 give sb sth 结构的被动语态形式。
8. 选B.技术应该是“被”引进，故用被动语态；根据语境句子应用现在进行时。
9. 选B.从句意上看，“牛肉”应该是“被”煮，故句子要用被动语态；从时间上看，由于句中有 didn’t taste very good，所以“煮得太久”应该在这一过去时间之前，故用过去完成时。
10. 选D.in which were written the names and addresses…为倒装句式，其正常表达为 the names and addresses of his friends were written in the notebook.
11. 选D.因为 building 应该是“被建”，故用被动语态；再根据前文的 look, under construction 等信息词可知，此处应用现在进行时态。
12. 选B.jobs与lose应为被动关系，故用被动语态；再根据条件状语从句中的一般现在时可知主句以用一般将来时为宜。
13. 选D.因为主语 a red sky 与谓语动词say之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。
14. 选B.因为“新的药物和器械”与“开发”之间为被动关系，故用被动语态。 动词用法与辨析
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. If you want to sell your product you must _____ it.
A. advertise B. advertise for
C. advertise on D. advertise to
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为 advertise 的意思是“做广告”，advertise for 的意思“为……做广告”。
【分析】事实上，正确答案为A.advertise 可用作及物和不及物动词：用作及物动词时，其意为“为……做广告”、“登广告宣传”；用作不及物动词时，其意为“做广告”、“登广告”，此时通常后接介词 for，表示“做广告征求”。比较：
advertise for sth （sb） 登广告征求或寻找某物或某人 （此时 advertise 不及物） advertise sth 为……登广告，登广告宣传……（此时 advertise 是及物动词，其后要直接跟被宣传的东西作宾语）
People advertise things that they wish to sell. 人们为要卖的东西登广告。
The manager wants to advertise for a new secretary. 经理想登广告招聘一位新秘书。
再比较以下用例：
advertise jobs 登广告招人
advertise for jobs 登广告求职
2. No matter how much you‘ve learned and how high a standard of education you have had, you must _______ the people heart and soul.
A. serve B. serve for
C. serve to D. serve on
【陷阱】容易误选B，即字对字地翻译汉语的“全心全意为人民服务”，将其中的“为”译为 for.
【分析】答案选A，serve 意为“为……服务”，可直接用作及物动词，其后不能按汉语意思误加介词 for.请看以下类似例子：
（1） I _____ you yesterday, but you weren’t in.
A. rang B. rang to
C. rang with D. rang to
答案选A，ring 可以用作及物动词，表示“给……打电话”，故其后不用介词。
（2） Neither of her parents wanted her to _____ her cousin.
A. marry B. marry to
C. marry with D. marry for
答案选A，marry 可用作及物或不及物动词，用作及物动词时它的意思“与……结婚”，而不仅仅是“结婚”，也就是说，后接宾语时，无需用介词 to, with 等。
（3） How can I _____ you, Mr. Green？
A. contactB. contact with
C. contact toD. contact for
答案选A，contact 为及物动词，表示“与……联系”，其后不接介词。
3. According to the rules, students must not ______ their books during examinations.
A. read B. watch
C. notice D. look at
【陷阱】容易误选A.因为按照英语一般习惯：看书看报用动词 read，看电视用动词watch，看电影用动词see，看比赛用动词watch，看黑板用动词look at，等等。
【分析】一般说来，汉语的“看书”至少有两层意思，一是指阅读性地看书，即看书＝读书，此时通常用动词read；另一种看书则不是指阅读性地看书，而只是大概地翻一翻或看一看，比如看看书的封面、定价、内容提要等，或者回答问题时看看书的
某些章节或字句以及考试时偷看书本等等，此时通常都不宜用动词read，而应根据情况选用其他动词（如 look at）。又如：
Let me have a look at the book. 让我看看或翻翻这本书。
Please answer my questions without looking at your books. 请不看书回答我的问题。
4. “I love traveling. I hope to go with you this time.” “But does your mother _____ you to go？”
A. let B. agree
C. allow D. promise
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为C.不能选A是因为 let 后用作宾语补足语的不定式不能带 to；不能选B是因为动词 agree 习惯上不用于 agree sb to do sth 这一句式；不能选D是因为在 promise sb to do sth 这一句式中，to do sth 的逻辑主语是 promise 的主语而不其是宾语，比如 He promised me to go 的意思是“他答应我，他去”，而不是“他答应我让我去”。之所以能选C，是因为 allow sb to do sth（允许某人做某事）与上文语境刚好吻合。
5. If they _______ to make heart-felt apologies soon we will have to bring an action against them.
A. disagreed B. refused
C. agreed D. hoped
【陷阱】容易误选A，根据 agree to do sth（同意做某事），想当然地类推出 disagree to do sth（不同意或不愿意做某事）。
【分析】事实上，语言有很多问题是不能类推的，如上面这一例，英语可说 agree to do sth，但习惯上却不说 disagree to do sth.类似地，英语中可说 like doing [to do] sth，但在现代英语中习惯上说 dislike doing sth，却不说dislike to do sth.其实上面一题的最佳答案是B，refuse to do sth 意为“拒绝做某事”或“不愿做某事”。
6. They own two cars, not to _____ a motorbike.
A. speakB. say
C. talkD. mention
【陷阱】很容易根据“他们拥有两辆小汽车，更不用说一辆摩托车了”这一中文语境而选择B.
【分析】其实最佳答案为D.因为not to say 和 not to mention 均为习语，但其含义区别甚大：
not to mention＝更不用说，此外还有
not to say＝虽不能说，即使不能说
It is warm, not to say hot. 天气虽说不上热，但也够暖了。
He was impolite, not to say rude. 他即使不是粗鲁，至少也是没有礼貌。
There’re ten of us ready to help, not to mention the children. 我们有10个人愿意帮忙，还不算小孩。
They have three dogs to look after, not to mention the cat and the bird. 他们有三只狗要照顾，更别提那只猫和鸟了。
7. “Do your parents agree to your doing that？” “Yes, of course. In fact, they always ______ me to try something new.”
A. hope B. suggest
C. support D. encourage
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。因为若仅从汉语意思来看，四个选项均可填入空格处。
【分析】其实此题的正解答案是D.因为在以上四个选项中，只有encourage 可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语，即可用于 encourage sb to do sth，而其余三者均不可后接不定式的复合结构作宾语，即英语中习惯上不说 hope sb to do sth, suggest sb to do sth, support sb to do sth.顺便说一句，以下英汉语表达也有类似差别，请注意： 汉语说“希望某人做某事”，但英语不说 hope sb to do sth.
汉语说“同意某人做某事”，但英语不说 agree sb to do sth.
汉语说“不同意某人做某事”，但英语不说disagree sb to do sth.
汉语说“害怕某人做某事”，但英语不说 fear sb to do sth.
汉语说“拒绝某人做某事”，但英语不说 refuse sb to do sth.
汉语说“惩罚某人做某事”，但英语不说 punish sb to do sth.
汉语说“建议某人做某事”，但英语不说 suggest sb to do sth.
汉语说“建议某人做某事”，但英语不说 propose sb to do sth.
汉语说“赞成某人做某事”，但英语不说 approve sb to do sth.
汉语说“安排某人做某事”，但英语不说 arrange sb to do sth.
汉语说“要求某人做某事”，但英语不说 demand sb to do sth.
汉语说“感谢某人做某事”，但英语不说 thank sb to do sth.
汉语说“指导某人做某事”，但英语不说 guide sb to do sth.
汉语说“祝贺某人做某事”，但英语不说 congratulate sb to do sth.
汉语说“阻止某人做某事”，但英语不说 prevent sb to do sth.
汉语说“通知某人做某事”，但英语不说 inform sb to do sth.
汉语说“欢迎某人做某事”，但英语不说 welcome sb to do sth.
汉语说“陪伴某人做某事”，但英语不说 accompany sb to do sth.
要表示以上汉语意思，英语需改用其他说法。如：
advise sb to do sth 建议某人做某事
wish sb to do sth / hope for sb to do sth 希望某人做某事
arrnage for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事
demand of sb to do sth 要求某人做某事
thank sb for doing sth 感谢某人做了某事
congratulate sb on doing sth 祝贺某人做了某事
prevent sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事
等等。
8. Nowadays everyone hopes to ______ good education so as to get a good job in the future.
A. accept B. accept a
C. receive D. receive a
【陷阱】容易误选A或B.因为accept 与 receive 的基本区别是前者表示“接受”，后者表示“收到”，而汉语通常是说“接受教育”，而不是说“收到教育”，所以选A或B，
【分析】其实上，此题的正确答案是D，因为英语中习惯说 receive a good
education，而不说 accept a good education.另外，education 表示抽象意义的“教育”时，不可数，但表示“一种教育”或“一段教育”时，可与不定冠词连用。
9. Wearing dark glasses can _______ your eyes from the sun.
A. care B. prevent
C. defend D. protect
【陷阱】容易误选B.因为许多同学一看到题干中的 from，再联系到选项中的 prevent，便马上想起了 prevent … from … 这个常用搭配。
【分析】在 prevent A from B 这一句式中，A 和 B通常具有主谓关系，如在The rain prevented us from going out （下雨使我们不能出去）中，“我们”与“出去”就具有主谓关系。而上面一题不具备此特点。此题正确答案应是 D，protect … from … 意为“保护……免受……”。
10. Mr. Smith was in great need of money, so he ____ $2 000 for his car.
A. paid B. took
C. cost D. spent
【陷阱】容易误选A，误选的依据是pay … for … 这一搭配。
【分析】若单独说 He paid $2 000 for the car （他付了2 000美元买这车）是完全可以的，但问题是，本句前面有这样一句He was in great need of money （他急需要钱），既然是“急需要钱”，又怎么还会花2000美元去买车呢？尤其还需注意的是 car 前的物主代词 his，这说明是为自己的车花2000美元钱，不合情理。此题的正确答案是B，take 在此表示“获得”、“得到”，句意为“他急需要钱，把自己的车以2000美元给卖掉了”。
11. There are many kinds _____, but I don‘t know which to buy.
A. to be chosen B. to choose from
C. to choose D. for choosing
【陷阱】此题容易误选C.
【分析】其实应选B.choose 表示“选择”，其实是指“选择出来”（pick out），而不是指“从……选择”，要表示后者的意思，要用 choose from，有时也用 choose among.同样地，下面两例中的介词 from 也不可省略：
Here are some dictionaries for you choose from. 这些词典可供你选择。
In fact, there are various colors to choose from. 事实上，有各种各样的颜色可供选择。
比较：
He chose a red one. 他选了一个红色的。
He chose from some red ones. 他从一些红色的当中去选。
He didn’t know which to choose. 他不知道选哪个。
He didn’t know which to choose from. 他不知道从哪个当中去选。
请做以下试题（答案选D）：
（1） “We have sent out two best players to the sports meet. What about you？” “Well, not yet. We have few ______, I’d say.”
A. chosen B. to choose
C. to be chosen D. to choose from
（2） “I’d like to buy an expensive camera.” “Well, we have several models ______.”
A. to pick up B. to pick
C. to choose D. to choose from
12. I _____ him not to go abroad, but he wouldn‘t listen.
A. persuaded B. tried to persuade
C. have persuaded D. was persuaded
【陷阱】容易误选A.
【分析】正确答案为B.persuade 的真正意思是“说服”，而不是“设法说服”，要表示后者的意思英语应用 try to persuade （当然也可用其他词，如 advise 等）。类似地：
（1） kill 的意思是“杀死”，不表示“设法杀死”，要表示后者的意思英语用 try to kill.
（2） prevent 的意思是“阻止”，不表示“设法阻止”，要表示后者的意思英语用 try to prevent.
13. When she came several days later, she found that all things still _______ where she had _______ them.
A. lay; laid B. laid; laid
C. lay; lain D. lying; lain
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】正确答案选A.第一空填lay，它是lie（位于，在）的过去式 lay；第二空 laid，它是 lay（放，置）的过去分词，句意为“……她发现所有东西还在她当时放它们的地方”。请注意 lie, lay 的以下用法及词形变换：
（1） lay 有两个常见意思：一是表示“放”、“摆”（及物），二是表示“下（蛋）”（及物或不及物）。如：
Lay your coat on the bed. 把你的外衣放在床上。
Are your hens laying yet？ 你的母鸡下蛋了吗？
Will you please lay the table for dinner？ 请你摆好餐具准备吃饭好吗？
（2） lie 有三个主要意思：一是表示“躺”或“平放”，二是表示“位于”，三是表示“说谎”。用于以上三义时，均为不及物动词。如：
Don’t lie in bed all morning. 别一个上午都躺在床上。
The book lay open on the desk. 那本书摊开着放在桌上。
Don’t lay your coat on the bed. 不要把你的外衣放在床上。
The small town lies among the mountains. 小镇位于群山之中。
I’m sorry I lied to you. 我很抱歉向你撒了谎。
（3） 这两个词经常被混淆的有时不是其意思，而是其词形。注意下表所示：请做下题（答案均为B）：
（1） The hens _____ 50 eggs last week, but this week they aren’t _____.
A. lay, lying B. laid, laying
C. lay, laying D. lied, lying
（2） The girl ______ on the ground _____ to me that had _____ the purse on the desk.
A. lying, lay, laid B. lying, lied, laid
C. lie, lied, lay D. lay, lied, lain
14. He _____ a visit to the factory and was warmly _____ by the workers there.
A. took, welcome B. took, welcomed
C. paid, welcome D. paid, welcomed
【陷阱】容易误选A或C.因为许多同学会模仿 come → came → come 的变化形式，想当然地认为 welcome的变化形式是 welcome → welcame → welcome.
【分析】此题第一空应填动词 paid，因为 pay a visit to（拜访）是惯用搭配，其中的 pay 不能换成take.第二空要填welcomed，因为welcome 用作动词时，其过去式和过去分词均为 welcomed，即它是规则动词。有的同学也许会问，我们不是常说 You are welcome 吗？ 为什么其中的 welcome 未用 welcomed 呢？那是因为此处的 welcome 为形容词，而不是动词。
15. The boy said that the fish his mother cooked tasted ______.
A. good B. well
C. to be good D. to be well
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】按英语语法，连系动词后通常接形容词作表语，而不接副词，据此可以排除选项B和D.但到底是应选A还是C呢？许多同学凭感觉认为 taste to be good 似乎很通顺，于是选了C.但是，错了，正确答案应是A.原因是用作连系动词的 taste 后习惯上不接to be.如：
这棵树上的苹果味道很好。
正：The apples from this tree taste delicious.
误：The apples from this tree taste to be delicious.
类似地，feel, smell, sound 等连系动词后习惯上也不接不定式 to be.如：
你的想法听起来很好。
正：Your idea sounds a good one.
误：Your idea sounds to be a good one.
玫瑰发出香气。
正：Roses smell sweet.
误：Roses smell to be sweet.
比较：seem, appear, prove, turn out, continue 等连系动词后可以接不定式 to be，也可省略 to be.如：
She seems （to be） a little tired. 她似乎有点累。
He appears （to be） quite young. 他显得年轻。
The examination turned out （to be） quite easy. 结果考试相当容易。
The weather continued （to be ） fine. 天气仍然很好。
注：用作连系动词的 look 后能否接 to be，各语法家意见不一：有的认为可接to be，有的认为不能接 to be.为此，建议同学们以不接 to be 为宜。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. We‘re so busy that no one in the office can _____ for any other work.
A. spare B. be spared
C. share D. be shared
2. He regards that book _____ one of the worst that he‘s _____ read.
A. to be, ever B. to be, never
C. as, ever D. as, never
3. “Did you get a job？” “No, I ______, but it’s no use.”
A. expected B. tried to
C. managed to D. planned
4. “Do you know that Jack ______ a postman for about six years？” “Yes, I see.”
A. has become B. has turned
C. has changed D. has been
5. The thing that ______ is not whether you fail or not, but whether you try or not.
A. matters B. cares
C. considers D. minds
6. I don‘t want the green coat. It is red and black colours that ______ me very well.
A. suit B. fit
C. suits D. fits
7. “Will another fifty be enough？” “Just twenty will ______.”
A. work B. do
C. suit D. fit
8. Goodbye, Mr Carter — my secretary will _____ you to the door.
A. send B. lead
C. drive D. show
9. This kind of cancer can be cured, provided it is ______ early.
A. got B. gained
C. seen D. caught
10. We haven‘t enough books for everyone; some of you will have to _____.
A. help B. enjoy
C. share D. spare
11. He asked her to marry him and she _____ him.
A. answered B. received
C. accepted D. agreed
12. My worst fears were _____ when I saw what the exam questions were.
A. done B. seen
C. finished D. realized
13. The plan looks good on paper, but will it _____？
A. work B. pass
C. agree D. does
14. What’s the matter with the radio？ Why isn’t it _____？
A. broadcasting B. working
C. doing D. sounding
15. High unemployment _____ the government billions of pounds in lost taxes.
A. spends B. takes
C. uses D. costs
16. It‘s hard to rescue drowning people because they _____ so much.
A. sink B. swim
C. jump D. struggle
17. She went to the station to meet her husband, but _____ him in the crowd.
A. passed B. recognized
C. missed D. lost
18. I missed what was happening because I wasn‘t ______ very closely.
A. noticing B. running
C. watching D. glancing
19. If you lend me a pound, it will _____ me having to go to the bank.
A. save B. share
C. serve D. help
20. Don‘t _______ your breath trying to persuade them; they‘ll never listen.
A. use B. waste
C. spend D. put
21. He has spent little time on his lessons this term, so he _____ to fail the exam.
A. expects B. hopes
C. wishes D. requires
22. He will never ______ anything if he doesn‘t work hard.
A. hope B. wish
C. achieve D. succeed
◆ 答案解析 ◆
1. 选B，spare 在表示“腾出或省去（多余的人或物）”。
2. 选C，regard … as …的意思“把……当作……”，其中的介词 as 不能换成 to be.
3. 选B.I tried to 为 I tried to get a job 之省略。
4. 选D.因为A、B、C均为终止性动词，均不能连用 for about six years 这样的一段时间。
5. 选A.matter 在此的意思是“要紧”、“关系重大”。
6. 选A.填空句为强调句，强调主语 red and black colours，故其后的谓语要用复数，即排除C和D.另外，fit 与suit区别是：fit 表示“适合”或“合身”等（及物或不及物），主要是指尺寸、大小、形状等方面的适合，而 suit 表示“适合”，主要指款式或花色等方面的适合。
7. 选B.do 在此表示“够”、“足够”、“适合”、“行”、“可以”等义。又如： This will never do！ 这事永远不可以。
I’m hungry. Get me something to eat. Anything will do. 我饿了，给我弄点吃的东西，什么都行。
8. 选D.show sb to the door 意为“送某人到门口”。注意，其中的介词 to 不可省略，否则就成了 show sb the door（驱赶某人，下逐客令）。另外，也不要按汉语意思选A，因为send 通常表示派人送，而不表示亲自送。
9. 选D，catch 在此表示“发现”，句中的 provided 用作连词，意为“如果”。
10. 选C.既然书不够，不能每人一本，所以有些人只能share（分享）了。
11. 选C.accept 意为“同意”、“接受”，注意不能选D，因为 agree 后不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语。
12. 选D.realize 在此的意思不是“实现”，而是指“使（不安、恐惧等）成为事实”。
13. 选A，work 在此的意思是“起作用”、“奏效”。
14. 选B.work 在此的意思是“运作”、“运转”。
15. 选D.spend 和 cost 均可表示“花费”，但句型不同：spend + 时间或金钱 + on sth （in doing sth），cost + 某人或某机构 + 金钱或时间。
16. 选D.由句意和常识推知。
17. 选C.miss 指“错过”。
18. 选C，由句子的语境可推知。
19. 选A，save 指“省去（劳力等）”。
20. 选B.
21. 选A，expects 在此不是表示“期待”，而是表示“预料”。
22. 选C，achieve 意为“完成”、“做到”。其余三项均不能直接跟名词或代词作宾语。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——比较结构
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. How beautifully she sings! I have never heard _____ voice.
A. a better B. a best
C. the better D. the best
【陷阱】容易误选D，认为最高级前要用定冠词。
【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A，该句可视为…I have never heard a better voice than her voice 之省略，全句句意为“她唱得多好啊！我从未听过她这么好的声音”。请再看以下类似的实例：
He is fine, never better. 他很好，比以往任何时候都好。
This bird is really lovely. I’ve never seen a finer one. 这只鸟真可爱，我从未见过这样好看的鸟。
比较以下试题，情形也大致相同：
(1) ―I‘ve never found a better job.‖ ―_______.‖
A. I don‘t think so
C. Congratulations B. Too bad D. Don‘t worry
答案选C，I’ve never found a better job可视为 I’ve never found a better job than this job 之省略，句意为：我从来没有找到比这份工作更好的工作，即这是我所找到的最好的工作。
(2) ―What do you think of the service here?‖ ―Oh, ______. We couldn‘t have found a better place.‖
A. too bad B. sorry
C. wonderful D. impossible
答案选 C。We couldn’t have found a better place 可视为We couldn’t have found a better place than this place，其意为“我们不可能找到一个比这个地方更好的地方”，即“这是我们所能找到的最好的地方”。
(3) Boris has brains. In fact, I doubt whether anyone in the class has _____IQ.
A. a high B. a higher
C. the higher D. the highest
答案选B，句意为“……我怀疑班上有没有哪个人比他智商更高”，即“我认为他可能是班上智商最高的”。
(4) . How cold it is! We‘ve never had ______ this winter.
A. the colder day B. a cold day
C. the coldest day D. a colder day
答案选D。句意为“今年冬天我们还从未遇上过这样冷的日子”。
2. Professor White has written some short stories, but he is _____ known for his plays.
A. the best
C. better B. more D. the most
【陷阱】容易误选D。
【分析】此题首先不宜选B或D，因为 well known 的比较级和最高级通常是 better known和best known，有时也可以是 more well known 和 most well known，但通常不能是 more known 和 most known。至于是选A还是C，这就要看语境。由于句中涉及的只有 stories 和 plays 两个对象，故应选比较级。
3. You are _____ careful than your brother. You two can‘t do the work that needs care and skill.
A. not more B. no more
C. not less D. no less
【陷阱】容易误选A。
【分析】要做对此题，首先要正确理解以下结构的含义：
not more … than = 不如……
no more … than = 和……一样不 (否定两者)
not less … than = 不如……不 (即指不如 less 后形容词的反面)
no less … than = 和……一样 (肯定两者)
比较以下各句的意思：
You are more careful than he is. 你比他仔细。
You are not more careful than he is. 你不如他仔细。
You are no more careful than he is. 你和他一样不仔细。
You are less careful than he is. 你不如他仔细（你比他粗心）。
You are not less careful than he is. 你比他仔细（你不如他粗心）。
You are no less careful than he is. 你和他一样仔细。
通过以上分析，再结合句子语境，可知此题最佳答案为B。
4. ―Oh, how fat he is!‖ ―But I think he is ____ than fat.‖
A. short B. shorter
C. more short D. shortest
【陷阱】容易误选B。认为 short为单音节形容词，故用-er构成比较级。
【分析】其实正确答案应是C。要弄清此问题，得先从比较句型的两种不同类型说起：
(1) 异类同质比较：即指两个不同的人或事物(异类)在同一方面(同质)进行比较。如： My room is smaller than yours. 我的房间比你的小。
Our country is more powerful than theirs. 我们的国家比他们的国家更强大。
(2) 同类异质比较：即指同一个人或事物(同类)在两个不同的方面(异质)进行比较，这类句子常译为“(更多的)是……，而不是”、“与其……不如……”等。如：
He was more lucky than clever.他是靠运气而不是靠聪明。
She was mare surprised than angry. 她感到更多的是惊讶而不是生气。
This is more a war movie than a western. 这更应当说是一部战争片，而不是西部片。 按英语习惯，在进行同类异质比较时，只能用more构成比较级，不能用-er形式，即使是单音节词也是如此。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. In my apartment there are two rooms, _____ is used as a living room.
A. larger one B. the larger of which
C. the largest one D. the largest of which
2. ―Are you satisfied with his answer?‖ ―Not at all. It couldn‘t have been ____.‖
A. better
C. more B. worse D. less
3. I‘m _____ at sums than Jean, but better at history.
A. more
C. worse B. less D. cleverer
4. We couldn‘t have picked ______ day for the picnic — it rained nonstop.
A. a worse B. a worst
C. the worse D. the worst
5. I know this is not quite the right word, but I can‘t be bothered to think of _____.
A. a better B. a best
C. the better D. the good
6. — Did you enjoy yourself at the party?
—Sorry to say I didn‘t. It was ______ a meeting than a party.
A. more like B. quite like
C. less like D. more or less
7. When they arrived at the school it was raining _______ harder.
A. more B. quite
C. very D even
8. With the development of the Internet, _______ communication is done by regular mail.
A. less B. more
C. little D. few
9. — If you don‘t like the red coat, take the blue one.
— OK, but do you have ______ size in blue? This one‘s a bit tight for me.
A. a big B. a bigger
C. the big D. the bigger
10. If there were no examinations, we should have ______ at school.
A. the happiest time
C. much happiest time B. a more happier time D. a much happier time
11. This dress is prettier, but it costs ______ that one.
A. twice more than B. twice as much as
C. as much twice as D. twice so much as
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选B，由于是两个房间，即是两者比较，故宜用比较级，因此排除C和D；又由于两句之间没有连词，故不宜选A。注：若在空格前加上and 一词，则要选A。
2. 选B。此题关键是要理解 Not at all 的意思。根据上文语境，Not at all 为 I am not satisfied at all with his answer 之省略，即表示“我对他的回答一点也不满意”，既然如此，他的回答当然会是 It couldn’t have been worse（不可能更糟）。
3. 选 C，句意为“我的算术比琼差，但我的历史比她强”。注意句中的转折连词 but 及其后的 better。
4. 选A，we couldn’t have picked a worst day 的实际意思是 it is the worst day we’ve picked。
5. 选A，a better 为 a better one 之省略。另外，a better one（一个更好的）是与其前文“我知道这不是一个很适合的词”相呼应的。
6. 选A。根据空格后的than，排除B和D；根据语境，排除C。
7. 选D。more 后不能比较级，故排除A；quite 除用于quite better外，不用于修饰比较，故排除B；very 不用修饰比较级，故排除C。
8. 选A。若选B或C均不合事实；若选D，不合语法，因为few 后要接可数名词的复数形式。
9. 选B。从句意看，空格处应填比较级bigger，因此排除A和C。选项B与D的区别是，一个用了不定冠词，一个用了定冠词，两者的区别是，不定冠词表泛指，定冠词表特指。
10. 选D。由于是将有考试与没有考试作比较，所以应用比较级，不用最高级，由此排除A和C。选项B的错误在于用了more happier这样的双重比较级（即more后不能再加比较级）。
11. 选B。修饰as…as的副词应置于该结构之前。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——代词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. _____ with any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Anyone D. Who ever
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。有的同学误选B主要是因为受以下这类句子的影响： Whoever comes will be welcome. 任何人来都欢迎。
Whoever wants the book may have it. 任何人要这书都可拿去。
Whoever gets the job will have a lot of work. 谁要是得到这份工作就有很多事要做。 以上三句中 whoever 引导的均为主语从句，其中的 whoever均可换成 anyone who，但是不能换成 anyone。以上试题从表面上看，与以上各例很相似，其实它们有本质的不同，即 _____ with any common sense 中没有谓语动词，所以我们不能选 whoever。此题的正确答案为C，anyone 为句子主语，with any common sense 为修饰 anyone 的定语。现将此题稍作改动如下，答案选B：
_______ has any common sense can tell the difference between the two.
A. Who B. Whoever
C. Anyone D. Who ever
2. The dictionary is really useful. Every boy and girl _____ it and they each _____ to buy one.
A. like, want B. likes, wants
C. likes, want D. like, wants
【陷阱】容易误选D。认为前面一空填复数动词，因为其主语是 boy and girl，为复数；第二空填单数动词，因为其前有 each，表示“每一个”。
【分析】事实上，此题应选C。因为按英语习惯，every 后接两个并列的单数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数，即第一空填 likes；而第二空要填复数动词 want，是因为其前的主语是 they 而不是 each（each 为主语的同位语）。
3. Everyone knows that Canada is larger than _____ country in Asia.
A. any B. any other
C. other D. another
【陷阱】容易误选B。选择的依据是以下大家熟悉的句型(其中的 other 不可省略)： He is taller than any other student in our class. 他是我们班最高的。
English is more widely used in international intercourse than any other language today. 现今英语在国际交往中比其他任何语言用得都广。
【分析】但是上面一题与这类句子有所不同。这类句型到底该不该加 other，主要应看所谈论的对象是否在比较的范围之内：若在范围之内，则用 other (以排除自己与自己比较)；若不在范围之内，则不用 other。比较下面一题：
China is larger than _____ country in Asia.
A. any B. any other C. other D. another
此题应选B，因为 China 在 Asia 的范围之内。假若选A，则表示“中国比亚洲的任何国家都大”，而中国本身也是亚洲国家，由此则得出“中国比中国大”的荒谬结论。而选B，则表示“中国比亚洲任何其他国家要大”，这才合乎事实。
4. ―What do you think of them?‖ ―I don‘t know _____ is better, so I‘ve taken _____ of them.‖
A. what, both B. what, none
C. which, both C. which, none
【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为C。做好此题的关键是要注意句中的 better 一词，由于better 用的是比较级，说明比较的对象应是两者，由此可推知第二空应填both；另一方面，由于所谈论的是两者，说明选择范围比较窄、比较明确，所以第一空应填 which。
5. ―Would you like a cup of coffee or a glass of beer?‖ ―____ will do, but milk is _____ popular with me.‖
A. Neither, not B. Both, more
C. Either, the most D. All, the most
【陷阱】很容易误选B，因为前文提到 coffee 和 beer 为两者，所以有的同学就认为应选 both 和 more 与之对应(more 为比较级，指两者比较)。
【分析】做对此题的关键是要注意到下文提到的 milk既不是 coffee 也不是 beer，而是除这两者外的第三者，故第二空应填 the most，即此题最佳答案为C。
6. I read about it in some book or other, does it matter _____ it was?
A. where B. what
C. how D. which
此题答案选D，主要与上文的some book or other (某一本书)这一语境有关，全句句意为：“我在某一本书上读到过它，是哪一本书这很重要吗?”请看类似试题：
(1) ―Who told you?‖ ―Oh, somebody or other, I‘ve forgotten _____.‖
A. what
C. which B. when D. who
此题最佳答案为D。句意为：“谁告诉你的？”“噢，有个人，我忘记是哪一个了。”
(2) Some of the students were late for the meeting, but I can‘t remember _____.
A. what
C. which B. when D. whom
此题最佳答案为C。句意为“有些学生开会迟到了，但我不记得是哪些学生了”。
7. These trousers are dirty and wet — I‘ll change into my _____.
A. another
C. others B. trousers D. other
【陷阱】容易误选A、B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。是从语法上看，another 后通常接单数名词，而不接trousers 这样的复数名词（若用 another pair 则可以）；也不能选 trousers 是因为填它句子意
思不通。最佳答案应选C，others 相当于 other trousers，其中的 other 与前面的 these 相对照。
8. Her lecture was hard to follow because she kept jumping from one subject to _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
【陷阱】容易误选B。选择依据可能是one … the other …这一常用结构。
【分析】最佳答案为D。使用one … the other … 时，我们通常是针对两者而言的，即指“两者中的一个……，另一个……”；如果所谈论的情况不是针对两者而言的，而是针对多者而言的，那么我们就不宜在 one 后使用 the other，而考虑用 another。又如(答案均选D，即选 another)：
(1) Those cakes look delicious. Could I have _____ one?
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
(2) I have many such novels. I‘ll bring _____ tomorrow.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
(3) Saying is one thing and doing is _____.
A. other B. the other
C. the others D. another
比较以下各例：
(1) Shut ____ eye, Jim.
A. another
C. other B. some other D. the other
答案选D，因为人的眼睛只有两只，故用 one … the other … 结构。
(2) It‘s sometimes hard to tell one twin from _____.
A. another
C. other B. some other D. the other
答案选D，twin 意为“孪生子之一”、“双胞胎之一”，即指两者之一，故用 one … the other … 这一结构。
9. There are four bedrooms, ______ with its own bathroom.
A. all B. each
C. every D. either
此题容易误选A，认为既然前面出现了 four bedrooms，故填 all 与之对应。其实，此题的最佳答案应为B，原因是空格后的隐藏信息 its，它表示空格处应填一个单数代词，但是不能选C，因为 every 不能这样单独使用。
10. ―It‘s said that he is a wise leader.‖ ―Oh, no, he is _____ but a wise leader.‖
A. anything
C. anybody B. anyone D. anywhere
【陷阱】容易误选B、C。因为句子主语指人，似乎只有B、C才与之一致。
【分析】其实，正确答案应选A。因为 anything but 是习语，意为“根本不是”或“一点也不”，不仅可用于事物，也可用于人。如：
I’ll do anything but that. 我绝不会干那种事。
The party was anything but a success. 晚会根本不成功。
Her father was anything but a poet. 她父亲根本不是诗人。
Such a man was anything but a hero. 那样的人绝不算英雄。
11. Tell _______ you like — it makes no difference to me.
A. anyone
C. whoever B. who D. what
【陷阱】容易从中文字面来理解而误选A或B。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。但若将A, B两项合起来，即用 anyone who这样的形式则也可以。选 C，whoever 引导一个宾语从句，用作动词 tell的宾语。同样地，请看以下类似试题：
(1) _____ comes is welcome.
A. Anyone B. Who
D. Everyone C. Anyone who
此题很容易误选A，因为从汉语意思来分析，可理解为“任何人来都欢迎”，但若选A，此句的结构是混乱的，句中有两个谓语动词 comes 和 is，但却只是一个句子。此题应选C，anyone 是句子主语，who comes 是修饰 anyone 的定语从句。
(2) _____ comes to see me, tell him I‘m out.
A. Anyone
C. Whoever B. Who D. Everyone
此题很容易按汉语意思误选A，其实应选C。whoever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter who。
(3) Sarah hopes to become a friend of _____ shares her interests.
A. anyone
C. whoever B. whomever D. no matter who
此题不能选A，假若选A，应在其后加上 who，即用 anyone who；也不能选B，一是因为空格处应填一个作主语的词(因为其后有谓语动词 shares)，二是因为在现代英语中 whomever 这个词已基本废除 (也就是说，在现代英语中 whoever 既用作主语，也用作宾语，如：Give it to whoever you see in the meeting-room. 你在会议室里看见谁就把它给谁)；也不能选D，因为 no matter who只用于引导让步状语从句，不用于引导名词性从句。此题正确答案为C，whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。
比较下例，答案应选A，而不是B、C或D(注意句意)：
It was a matter of _____ would take the position.
A. who B. whoever
C. whom D. whomever
12. The teacher told us that the problem was not _____ easy and that we should think _____ over carefully.
A. such, it B. that, it
C. such, 不填 D. that，不填
【陷阱】容易根据汉语字面意思误选C。
【分析】最佳答案选 B。第一空填that，that 用作副词，相当于 so，又如：
Is it always that hot? 总那么热吗?（其中的 that hot 可以换成 so hot，但不能换成 such hot）
I can only tell you that much. 我只能告诉你这么多。（其中的 that much 可以换成 so much，但不能换成 such much）
注意第一空不能填such，因为such 不用作副词，即它不用于修饰形容词。
另外，汉语中说“好好想一想”，通常可以不带宾语，但英语中的think over 是及物动词，如果用它来表示“好好想一想”，应根据上下文的语境让它带上适当的宾语，所以本题应用 think it over，相当于 think the problem over。
13. The camera isn‘t good enough; I want to change ______.
A. another B. a good one
D. it for another C. it with another
【陷阱】容易根据汉语字面意思误选A、B。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D。英语中的 change sth 表示的是“换某物”，sth 是被换的东西，而 change sth for sth else 表示的才是“用某物换另一物”。比较：
That coat was too large and I had to change it. 那件外套太大了，我得去换一件。 That coat was too large and I had to change it for a smaller one. 那件外套太大了，我得去换一件小一点的。
14. I agree with most of what you said, but I don‘t agree with ______.
A. everything B. anything
C. something D. nothing
【陷阱】此题容易误选 B，生搬硬套不定代词用法规则：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句或疑问句。
【分析】其实此题应选 A，注意前文的 I agree with most of what you said(我同意你说的大部分内容)，其后的not 与 everything 构成部分否定，意为“不是所有的都同意”，前后两部分用转折连词 but 连接，语气通顺、连贯。请看一个类似的例子： ______ likes money, but money is not ______.
A. Everyone, everything B. Anyone, anything
C. Someone, nothing D. Nobody, everything
最佳答案选A，句意为“大家都喜欢钱，但钱不是万能的”。
15. ―Is there ______ here?‖ ―No, Bob and Tim have asked for leave.‖
A. anybody B. everybody
C. somebody D. nobody
【陷阱】此题容易误选 A。认为这是一般疑问句，要用 anybody。
【分析】其实此题应选B，主要与上下文的语境有关。全文语境为：“大家都到齐了吗？”“没有，Bob 和Tim 两人请假了。”假若我们将此题作如下变换，则情形就会有所不同：
“Is there ______ here?‖ ―Yes, I‘m upstairs. Please come and help me.‖
A. anybody B. everybody
C. somebody D. nobody
此题的最佳答案应是A，而不是B。
请再看一例：
“Do you have _____ at home now, Mary?‖ ―No, we still have to get some fruit and tea.‖
A. something B. anything
C. everything D. nothing
答案选C，句意为“玛丽，现在家里东西都准备齐了吗？”“还没有，我们还要买些水果和茶。”
16. ―If you want a necklace, I‘ll buy one for you at once.‖ ―Oh, no. A necklace is not _____ that I need most.
A. anything
C. nothing B. something D. everything
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，机械地套用以下规则：something 用于肯定句，anything 用于否定句或疑问句。
【分析】当然以上规则在通常情况下是有效的，但此句不属通常用法。此题的最佳答案应是B，something 在此的意思不是“某种东西”，而是指“那种东西”或“这种东西”，即心中最想要的那种东西(相当于 the thing)。同样地，下面几题的最佳答案也是 something，而不是 anything：
(1) It‘s not _____ that we want to talk about; let‘s change the subject.
A. anything
C. nothing B. something D. everything
(2) It‘s not _____ I enjoy; I do it purely out of a sense of duty.
A. anything
C. nothing B. something D. everything
(3) Self-control is not _____ that comes with your birth.
A. anything
C. nothing B. something D. everything
(4) This is not _____ that would disturb me anyway.
A. anything
C. nothing B. something D. everything
17. Some say one thing, but _____.
A. other, another B. others, another
C. others, the other D. the others, others
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选B。but others another 为 but others say another 之省略。在并列句中，若后面分句与前面分句有相同的词，常把后一分句中的相同部分给省略掉，以避免重复。如：
One soldier was killed and another wounded. 有一名士兵被打死，另一名被打伤。(wounded 前省略了 was)
I work in a factory and my brother on a farm. 我在工厂工作，我弟弟在农场工作。(on a farm 前省略了 works)
My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。（on the third 前省略了 is）
18. He is a hard-working student, _____ who will be successful in whatever career he chooses.
A. that B. he
C. one D. which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题答案选C，one 相当于 a student。类似地，以下各题也选one，它们分别相当于 a table, a break, a question, a Mexican carpet, a moment：
(1) A table made of steel costs more than _______ made of wood.
A. one B. it
C. those D. which
(2)―Why don‘t we take a little break?‖ ―Didn‘t we just have _____?‖
A. it B. that
C. one D. this
(3) The question is _____ of great importance.
A. that B. it
C. one D. what
(4) She wants a Mexican carpet, but she can‘t afford to buy ______.
A. one
C. them B. it D. the one
(5) Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, _____ I will always treasure.
A. that B. one
C. it
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Tom‘s mother always told him not to smoke again, but _____ didn‘t help.
A. he B. it
C. which D. as D. what
2. Both teams were in hard training; _____ was willing to lose the game.
A. either
C. another B. neither D. the other
3. There he pointed to _____ looked like a stone and said that‘s ______ you had to carry home.
A. that, that B. what, what
C. which, what D. as, which
4. I know nothing about the accident except _____ I read in the paper.
A. that B. for
C. what D. 不填
5. Energy is ____ makes one work.
A. what
C. anything B. something D. that
6. Don‘t go to _____ places where there is no fresh air.
A. such B. so
C. those D. which
7. The classroom is almost empty, where is _____?
A. someone B. anyone
C. everyone D. no one
8. I‘m afraid we can‘t have coffee; there‘s _____ left.
A. nothing
C. no one B. none D. no any
9. _____ worries me is _____ we‘re going to pay for all this.
A. It, that B. That, how
C. What, how D. As, that
10. He just does ______ he pleases and never thinks about anyone else.
A. that B. what
C. which D. how
11. _____ of you comes first will get the ticket.
A. Which B. Whichever
C. Who D. Whatever
12. His income is double _____ it was five years ago.
A. that B. which
C. as D. what
13. If you want a friend, you‘ll find _____ in me.
A. one B. it
C. that D. him
14. Oh, how beautiful it is! I like _____ better.
A. everything B. anything
C. nothing D. something
15. Do you know _______ friends are coming to our party?
A. whose else‘s B. who‘s else
C. whose else D. who else‘s
16. _______ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
A. Anyone
C. Whoever B. The person D. No matter who
17. Jane hopes to become a friend of _______ shares her interests.
A. whomever B. anyone
C. whoever D. no matter who
18. Some friends tried to settle the quarrel between Mr and Mrs Smith without hurting the feeling of _______, but failed.
A. none B. either
C. all D. neither
19. —Here are the best styles of the clothes. Which one do you like?
— _______. They are not so nice as I expected.
A. Neither
C. Nothing B. All D. None
20. Mr Ascot, headmaster of the school, refused to accept ______of the three suggestions made by the Students‘ Union.
A. either B. neither
C. any D. none
21. ―There‘s coffee and tea; you can have _______.‖ ―Thanks.‖
A. either
C. one D. it
22. ―When shall we meet again?‖ ―Make it _______day you like; it‘s all the same to me.‖
A. one B. any
C. another D. some B. each
23. ―Susan, go and join your sister cleaning the yard.‖ ―Why ______? John is sitting there doing nothing.‖
A. him B. he
C. I D. me
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选B，it 指前面提到的情况。由于句中用了并列连词 but，所以不能选C。当然，若去掉空格前的but，则可选C。
3. 选B，因是 both teams，即谈论的是两者，因此可锁定A和B；从语境上看，应选B，即双方都不愿输。
3. 选B。即两空均填 what，第一个what 相当于 something that；第二个what 相当于the thing that。
4. 选C，what 在句中用作动词 read 的宾语。
5. 选A，what 相当于 something that。
6. 选C，但容易误选A。按英语习惯，受 such 修饰的名词后跟定语从句时，引导定语从句的关系词一般只能是 as，而不能是 that, which, who, where等。如：Such
women as knew him thought he was charming. 认识他的女人都认为他很有魅力。此句中的 as 就不能换成that 或 who，若要使用 that 或who，则需将 such 换掉，如说成Those women who knew Tom thought he was charming.
7. 选C，句意为“教室几乎是空的，大家都到哪里去了？”
8. 选B，nothing 指“什么也没有”；none 指数量上的“一点(个)也没有”。注：回答 how much 和 how many 时要用 none，而不用 nothing，道理同此。
9. 选C，what worries me 为主语从句，且 what 在主语从句中用作主语。
10. 选B。从句意推知。
11. 选B 最佳，因 who后通常不接表示范围的 of 短语，故不宜选C；若选A，则句型不对；若选D，则语义不通。
12. 选D，what 相当于 the amount that。
13. 选 A，one 在此相当于a friend。
14. 选C，I like nothing better 相当于 It’s the best thing I like。
15. 选D。else 可放在 who, what, where, how, why 等疑问词之后，但习惯上不放在which之后，而且在一般情况下也不用在whose后，遇此情况可用 who else’s，如： Who else’s fault could it be? 这会是其他什么人的错吗?
但是，若其后不修饰名词，有时也可用whose else。如：
Whose else could it be? 这会是其他什么人的吗?
16. 选C。其余三者均不能引导主语从句。whoever 在此相当于 anyone who。
17. 选C。whoever shares her interests用作介词of的宾语，同时whoever又用作谓语动词shares的语。
18. 选B。由于句中谈到的是 Mr and Mrs Smith，即谈的是两者，故排除选项A和C，因为 none 和all 均用于指三者。又因为空格前有否定介词without，故空格处填either, 不用 neither。
19. 选D。none 可视为 I like none of them 之省略。从下文的语境看，空格处只能填空一个表否定意义的词。据此首先排除B；虽然A、C、D均表否定意义，但neither 与前面的best（既然使用最高级，说明有三者或多者在作比较）不吻合；而 nothing 表示“什么也没有”，不合语境。
20. 选 C。none 和 neither 表否定，与句中的 refused to acept这一语境不符。在 either 与 any 两个选项中，either 指两者，与句中的 three suggestions 不符。故只能选 any，指三者中的任意一个。
21. 选 A。比较四个选项：either 指两者中的“任意一个”，each 指两者或两者以上中的“每一个”，one 用来替代“a / an +单数可数名词”，it 替代“the +单数名词”。
22. 选 B。根据下文的 it’s all the same to me(对我都一样)可知，选 any 最合语境。
23. 选 D。Why me? 可视为 Why do you ask me to go and join? 之省略。另外，me 还通常在简略回答中用作主语。如：Me too.(我也一样。)
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——定语从句
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. The factory was built in a secret place, around ______ high mountains.
A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，将A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。
【分析】最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词
+which”引出的非限制性定语从句，而在该从句中，主语是 high mountains，around which 是表语，所以句子谓语应用复数were，而不是用单数 was.请做以下类例题目（答案均为C）：
（1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _______ some fruit shops.
A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are
（2） The murder happened in an old building, beside ______ the city police station.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
（3） Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _______ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food.
A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are
2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？”
A. that B. which C. where D. what
【陷阱】容易误选 B，认为 around 是介词，选 which 用以代替前面的名词 hospital，在此用作介词 around 的宾语。
【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错，但问题是，照此分析，此句的意思即为：有没有这样一个医院，我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤？这样的语境显然有点不合情理，因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤，而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介词，而是副词，意为“在附近”；其后的 where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词 hospital，句意为：附近有没有一家医院，我可以去治我的手伤？
3. _____ is known to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为此处应填一个形式主语。
【分析】最佳答案是 B。as 引导的是一个非限制性定语从句。比较下面一题：
_______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
A. It B. As C. That D. What
此题答案选 A，it 为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的 that 从句。
再比较下面一组题，其中第（1）题选 B，第（2）题选 D：
（1） ______ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
（2） ______ is mentioned above that the number of the students in senior school is increasing.
A. Which B. As C. That D. It
4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，许多同学一看到题干中的such，再联系到选项中的 that，便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且，这样理解意思也还通顺。
【分析】最佳答案为C，不是A，因为在such … that … （如此……以至……）结构中，that 引导的是结果状语从句，并且 that 在从句中不充当句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的动词 like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下：as 用作关系代词，用以引导定语从句，修饰其前的名词 boy，同时 as 在定语从句中用作动词 like 的宾语，句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问，假若选A，能否将其后的 that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢？不能，因为当先行词受到 such 的修饰时，其后的定语从句应用关系代词 as 来引导，而不用that.比较下面一题，答案为A，因为 like 后有自己的宾语 him：
David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him.
A. that B. who C. as D. whom
请再做以下试题（答案选D）：
It was not such a good dinner _______ she had promised us.
A. like B. that C. which D. as
5. The buses, most of _______ were already full, were surrounded by an angry crowd.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
【陷阱】容易误选 C，用 them 代指 the buses.
【分析】最佳答案是D。most of which were already full 为非限制性定语从句，修饰 the buses.类似地，以下各题也选D：
（1） His house, for _______ he paid $10, 000, is now worth $50, 000.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
（2） Ashdown forest, through _______ we’ll be driving, isn’t a forest any longer.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
（3） This I did at nine o’clock, after _______ I sat reading the paper.
A. that B. it C. them D. which
类似地，以下各题选 whom，不选 them：
（4） George, with _______ I played tennis on Sundays, was a warm-hearted person.
A. that B. him C. them D. whom
（5） Her sons, both of ______ work abroad, will come back home this summer.
A. that B. who C. them D. whom
（6） I met the fruit-pickers, several of _______ were still university students.
A. that B. who C. them D. whom
6. He had thousands of students, many of ______ gained great success in their own field.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
【陷阱】容易误选 B，用 them 代指 students.
【分析】最佳答案是A，many of whom gained great success in their own field 为非限制性定语从句。假若在many of… 的前面加上连词and，则选答案B.比较以下各题（答案均选A）：
（1） He asked a lot of questions, none of ______ was easy to answer.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
（2） He asked a lot of questions, and none of ______ was easy to answer.
A. them B. which C. what D. that
（3） He told me that he had two girl-friends, neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
（4） He told me that he had two girl-friends, and neither of _______ knew anything about the other.
A. them B. whom C. which D. who
7. He had a lot of friends, only a few of ______ invited to his wedding.
A. whom B. them C. which D. who
【陷阱】容易误选 A，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是B，这不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 invited 并不是一个完整的谓语，而是一个过去分词。当然，假若在 invited 前加上助动词 were，则是一个非限制性定语从句，答案便应选A.比较：
（1） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选B，none of them carried out in their work 是独立主格结构，其中的 carried out 为过去分词。
（2） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选A，none of them were carried out in their work 是非限制性定语从句，注意与上例比较句中多了一个助动词were.
（3） They put forward a lot of plans at the meeting, but none of _______ were carried out in their work.
A. which B. them C. what D. that
答案选B，由于两句之间增加了一个并列连词but，使得该句成了一个并列句。
8. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】最佳答案是A.与上面一题相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定语从句，而是一个独立主格结构，因为空格后的动词 seated 不是谓语，而是一个过去分词，因为 seat 作动词用时，是及物动词。比较以下相似题：
（1） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
选B.whose parents were seated together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为其后有完整的谓语 were seated.
（2） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, and _______ parents were seated together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
选A.因为句中有并列连词and，整个句子为并列句。
（3） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
选A.their parents sitting together joking 为独立主格结构。
（4） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents sat together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
选B.whose parents sat together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 sat.
（5） On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park, _______ parents were sitting together joking.
A. their B. whose C. which D. that
选B.whose parents were sitting together joking 为非限制性定语从句，因为句中有完整的谓语 were sitting.
9. If the man is only interested in your looks, _____ just shows how shallow he is.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
【陷阱】容易误选A或B，误这是非限制性定语从句。
【分析】正确答案为D，注意逗号前是一个条件状语从句，逗号后是该状语从句的主句，that 在此代表前文所述的情况，用作主句的主语。类似地，下面几道题也选 that，而不选 which：
（1） If you promise to go with us, _____ will be OK.
A. as B. which C. and it D. that
（2） If you want a double room, _____ will cost another ￡15.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
（3） Whether you go or not, _______ is quite all right with me.
A. that B. which C. and it D. so
（4） When I say two hours, _____ includes time for eating.
A. as B. which C. what D. that
10. She says that she‘ll never forget the time ________ she‘s spent working as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
【陷阱】容易误选B，机械地认为时间名词后必须用关系副词when，地点名词后用关系副词 where.
【分析】正确答案为A.在时间名词和地点名词后是否用关系副词要看它在定语从句中充当什么句子成分。一般说来，若用作主语或宾语，用关系代词；若用作状语，则用关系副词。上面一题中的动词 spent 缺宾语，故应用关系代词 which或that.比较下面一题，由于空格后的句子不缺少主语或宾语，所以选关系副词when：
She says that she‘ll never forget the time ________ she works as a secretary in our company.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
请再做一组试题（答案均选A）：
（1） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we bought last month.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作动词 bought 的宾语。
（2） Our company will move to a tall building _______ has just been complete.
A. which B. when C. how D. where
选A，which 在定语从句中用作主语。
（3） Our company will move to a tall building _______ we worked two years ago.
A. where B. when C. that D. which
选A，where 在定语从句中用作状语。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _______ in the forest.
A. once they grew B. they grew once C. they once grew D. once grew
2. In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30 pm, _____ many people have gone home.
A. that B. which C. whose time D. by which time
3. Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work？
A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained
4. Luckily, we‘d brought a road map without ______ we would have lost our way.
A. it B. that C. this D. which
5. When he was working there he caught a serious illness from _____ efforts he still suffers.
A. which B. that C. whose D. what
6. It‘s said that he‘s looking for a new job, one ______ he can get more money to support his family.
A. when B. where C. that D. which
7. We are living in an age ______ many things are done on computer.
A. which B. that C. whose D. when
8. The little time we have together we‘ll try _____ wisely.
A. spending it B. to spend it C. to spend D. spending that
9. The old building, behind _______ was a famous church, was _______ we used to work.
A. that, the place B. it, the place C. which, where D. what, where
10. We will be shown around the city： schools, museums, and some other places, _______ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
11. The modern history of Italy dates from 1860, ______ the country became united.
A. when B. if C. since D. until
12. All of the flowers now raised here have developed from those _____ in the forest.
A. once they grew B. they grew once C. that once grew D. once grew
13. You could see the runners very well from ______ we stood.
A. which B. where C. that D. when
14. Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _______ was very reasonable.
A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose
15. What have you got _____ will help a cold？
A. what B. that C. it D. who
16. He was very angry and I can still remember the way _____ he spoke to me.
A. how B. that C. what D. which
17. Do you know the man from ________ house the pictures were stolen？
A. which B. that C. what D. whose
18. I can think of many cases _______ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn‘t write a good essay.
A. why B. which C. as D. where
19. Is this all that you need？ If you married me, I’d give you everything you _____.
A. want B. wanted C. had wanted D. are wanting
20. I met the teacher in the street yesterday ________ taught me English three years ago.
A. which B. when C. where D. who
21. He‘s got himself into a dangerous situation _____ he is likely to lose control over the plane.
A. where B. which C. while D. why
22. He made another wonderful discovery, ______ of great importance to science.
A. which I think is B. which I think it is C. which I think it D. I think is
23. Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, ____, of course, made the others unhappy.
A. who B. which C. this D. what
24. Their problem today is somewhat similar to _____ they faced many years ago.
A. that B. which C. that which D. it
25. I saw some trees the leaves of _____ were black with disease.
A. that B. which C. it D. what
26. The famous basketballer, _______ tried to make a comeback, attracted a lot of attention.
A. where B. when C. which D. who
27. When they went into the shop and asked to look at the engagement rings, the girl brought out a cheaper one, _______ she had arranged with James.
A. the which was what B. what was that C. which was what D. that was that
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选 C.先行词是 those，可视为 those flowers 之省略。they once grew 前省略了关系代词 which.全句意为：这儿所养的花是由他们曾在森林里种植的花培养出来的。
2. 选D.by which time 引出的是一个非限制性定语从句，其中 by which time 相当于 and by that time.
3. 选 A.注意不能选 D，因为动词 explained 缺宾语。
4. 选 D.which 指 the road map.
5. 选C.from whose efforts he still suffers 为修饰 a serious illness 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 efforts.
6. 选B.where 引导定语从句修饰 one.注：one 在此指 a new job.类似地，下面一题的答案是C，因为one that 相当于 a problem that：
The problem is _____ has caused us a lot of trouble.
A. one B. that
C. one that D. that one
7. 选 D.先行词是表时间的 age（时代），由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 when.
8. 选C.该句的正常词序为 We will try to spend the little time we have together wisely.
9. 选C.第一空填 which，指 the old building；第二空填 where，用以引导表语从句。
10. 选 C.先行词是地点名词 places，由于关系词在定语从句中作状语，故用 where.
11. 选A.when 引导的是非限制性定语从句。
12. 选C.that once grew in the forest 为修饰 those 的定语从句。
13. 选B.where 在此相当于 the place where.
14. 选 B.the price of which was very reasonable 为非限制性定语从句，其中的 the price of which 相当于 and its price 或 and the price of it.假若空格前有并列连词 and，则可选 C.
15. 选B.that will help a cold 为修饰 what 的定语从句。比较：Have you got anything that will help a cold？ 以及 I’ve got nothing that will help a cold.
16. 选B.the way 后不接how 引导的从句，换句说，how 不是关系代词或关系副词，不能引导定语从句。以the way 为先行词的定语从句通常用 that 或 in which 来引导，在非正式文体中也可省略 that 和 in which.
17. 选D.from whose house the pictures were stolen 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，whose 在定语从句中用作定语，修饰 house.
18. 选 D.先行词是 many cases，关系副词 where =in which.
19. 选A.尽管句中用了 if you married me, I’d give you everything 这样的虚拟语气句子，但修饰everything 的定语从句 （that） you want 却要用陈述语语气，因为它是回答前面 Is this all that you need？ 这一提问的。
20. 选 D.因定语从句缺主语，且关系代词指人，故选D.
21. 选A.where 所引导的为修饰 a dangerous situation 的定语从句。
22. 选 A.选项中的 I think 是插入语，若略去不看便可清楚地看出答案。
23. 选 B.of course 为插入语，若将项其去掉，则答案显然是B.
24. 选C.that which相当于 the problem which.
25. 选B.the leaves of which 相当于 whose leaves.
26. 选 D.先行词是 The famous basketballer（著名的篮球明星），故要用 who 来引导定语从句，因为其余三项均不用于指人。
27. 选 C.which 引导一个非限制性定语从句，其中 which 指代 a cheaper one，且在定语从句中用作主语。which was what 中的 what引导一个表语从句，它相当于 the one that.
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——动词时态
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ―I _____ his telephone number.‖ ―I have his number, but I ____ to bring my phone book.‖
A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot
C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget
【陷阱】容易误选A，认为“忘记”是现在的事。
【分析】仔细体会一下对话的语境：第一个人说“我忘记他的电话号码了”，这个“忘记”应该是现在的情况，即现在忘记了，要不然就没有必要同对方说此话了，故第一空应填 forget；第二个人说“我有他的号码，但我忘记带电话本了”，这个“忘记”应该是过去的情况，即过去忘记带电话本，所以现在电话本不在身上（注意句中的转折连词 but），故第二空应填 forgot，即答案选应C.请再看一例：
— Oh, I ______ where he lives.
— Don’t you carry your address book？
No, I ______ to bring it.
A. forget, forget B. forgot, forgot
C. forget, forgot D. forgot, forget
答案选C，理由同上。
2. I had hoped to see her off at the station, but I _____ too busy.
A. was B. had been
C. would be D. would have been
【陷阱】容易误选B或D，认为前句用了had hoped，所以此句谓语要用B或D与之呼应。
【分析】但正确答案为A，前一句谓语用had hoped，表示的是过去未曾实现的想法或打算，可以译为“本想”，而后一句说“我太忙”，这是陈述过去的一个事实，所以要用一般过去时。请做以下类似试题（答案均为A）：
（1） We had hoped to catch the 10：20 train, but _____ it was gone.
A. found B. had found
C. would find D. would have found
（2） We had hoped that you would be able to visit us, but you _____.
A. didn‘t B. hadn‘t
C. needn‘t D. would not have
（3） We had wanted to come to see him, but we ____ no time.
A. had B. had had
C. would have D. would have had
（4） I had expected to come over to see you last night, but someone ______ and I couldn’t get away.
A. called B. had called
C. would call D. would have called
（5） The traffic accident wouldn’t have happened yesterday, but the driver _______ really careless.
A. was B. is
C. were D. had been
3. Dear me！ Just _____ at the time！ I _____ no idea it was so late.
A. look, have B. looking, had
C. look, had D. looking, have
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为第一空用现在分词表伴随，第二空填 have 的一般现在时，以保持与前面时态的一致性。
【分析】其实，此题应选C，第一空应填 look, 因为这是祈使句的谓语；第二空应填 had，因为前一句说“看看时间吧”，这一看当然知道了现在很迟的情形，“不知道这么迟了”显然应是“过去”的事，故应用一般过去时态，许多同学由于忽略这一隐含的语境而误选。
4. “Your phone number again？ I _____ quite catch it.” “It’s 4331577”
A. didn‘t B. couldn‘t
C. don‘t D. can‘t
【陷阱】此题容易误选C，认为此处要用一般现在时态，表示现在“没听清对方的话”。
【分析】其实，此题答案应选A，根据上文的语境“请把你的电话号码再说一遍好吗？”可知“没听清对方的电话号码”应是在说此话以前，故应用一般过去时态。请看以下类似试题：
（1） “Mr Smith isn’t coming tonight.” “ But he _____.”
A. promises B. promised
C. will promise D. had promised
答案选B，“他答应（要来）”应发生在过去。
（2） “Hey, look where you are going！” “Oh, I’m terribly sorry. _____.”
A. I‘m not noticing B. I wasn‘t noticing
C. I haven‘t noticed D. I don‘t notice
答案选B，“我没注意”是对方提醒之前的事，现经对方一提醒，当然注意到了。
（3） “Oh it’s you！ I ________ you.” “I’ve had my hair cut.”
A. didn‘t realize B. haven‘t realized
C. didn‘t recognize D. don‘t recognized
答案选C.“没认出是你”是说此话之前的事，说此话时显然已经认出了对方。
（4） “What’s her new telephone number？” “Oh, I _____.”
A. forget B. forgot
C. had forgotten D. am forgetting
此题应选A，从语境上看，“忘记”的时间应是现在，即指现在不记得了。
（5） “Since you’ve agreed to go, why aren’t you getting ready？” “But I ______ that you would have me start at once.”
A. don‘t realize B. didn‘t realize
C. hadn‘t realized D. haven‘t realized
答案选B.“没意识到”是对方提醒之前的事。
（6） “It’s twelve o’clock, I think I must be off now.” “Oh, really？ I ______ it at all.”
A. don‘t realize B. haven‘t realized
C. didn‘t realize D. hadn‘t realized
答案选C.“没意识到”是在听到的话之前的事。
5. Mr Smith ______ a book about China last year but I don‘t know whether he has finished it.
A. has written B. wrote
C. had written D. was writing
【陷阱】容易误选B或C.
【分析】此题应选D，这是由 but I don’t know whether he has finished it 这一句话的语境决定的，全句意为“史密斯先生去年在写一本书，但我不知道他现在是否写完了”。有的同学可能由于受 last year的影响而误选B.但若选B，则句子前半部分的意思则变为“史密斯先生去年写了一本书”，既然是“写了”，那么这与下文的“但我不知道他现在是否写完了”相矛盾。
6. He has changed a lot. He _______ not what he _______.
A. is, is B. was, was
C. is, was D. was, is
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选C，上文说“他”变化很大，即“他”现在不是过去的那个样子了，故第一空填is，第二空填 was（其实第二空也可用 used to be）。请看类例： “What place is it？” “Haven’t you found out we _____ back where we ______？”
A. were, had been B. have been, are
C. are, were D. are, had been
答案选C，We are back where we were 的意思是“我们（现在）又回到刚才来过的地方”。
7. He is very busy. I don‘t know if he _____ or not tomorrow.
A. come B. comes
C. will come D. is coming
【陷阱】此题容易误选B.认为 if 引导的是条件状语从句，从句谓语要用一般现在时表示将来意义。
【分析】其实，此题答案应选C，句中if引导的不是条件状语从句（即if≠如果），而是宾语从句（即if＝是否），句意为“他很忙，我不知道明天他是否会来。”请看以下类似试题：
（1） I don’t know if she _____, but if she ____ I will let you know.
A. comes, comes B. will come, will come
C. comes, will come D. will come, comes
答案选 D，第一个 if 引导的是宾语从句，第二个 if 引导的是条件状语从句。
（2） “When _____ he come？” “I don’t know, but when he _____, I’ll tell you.”
A. does, comes B. will, will come
C. does, will come D. will, comes
答案选 D，第一个 when 疑问副词，用于引出一个特殊疑问句；第二个 when是从属连词，用于引导时间状语从句。
（3） “When he _____ is not known yet.” “But when he ____, he will be warmly welcomed.”
A. comes, comes B. will come, will come
C. comes, will come D. will come, comes
答案选 D，第一个 when 引导的是主语从句，第二个 when引导的是时间状语从句。
8. The bridge, which _____ 1688, needs repairing.
A. is dated from B. was dated from
C. dates from D. dated from
【陷阱】此题容易误选B或D，认为句中用了 1688 这个过去时间，所以应选过去时态，又因为 date from 不用于被动语态，所以只能选D.
【分析】其实此题的最佳答案应是C，因为 date from 的意思是“自某时起存在至今”（＝have existed since），它通常用于一般现在时，而不用过去时态（尽管其后接的总是表示过去的时间）。如：
The church dates from 1176. 这座教堂是六世纪建的。
The castle dates from the 14th century. 这座城堡是14世纪建的。
但若所谈论的东西现在已不复存在，则可用一般过去时。如：
The church, which dated from the 13th century, was destroyed in an earthquake two years ago. 那座教堂是13世纪建成的，两年前在一次地震中被毁了。 注：与 date from 同义的 date back to 也有类似用法。
9. ―You‘ve left the light on.‖ ―Oh, so I have. _____ and turn it off.‖
A. I‘ll go B. I‘ve gone
C. I go D. I‘m going
【陷阱】容易误选D.
【分析】A和D两者均可表示将来，填入空格处似乎都可以。但实际上只有A是最佳的，因为根据上下文的语境来看，“我去把灯关掉”这一行为是说话人听了对方的话后临时想到的，而不是事先准备的。而按英语习惯：will 和 be going to后接动词原形均可表示意图，但意图有强弱之分，如果是事先考虑过的意图，要用 be going to；如果不是事先考虑过的，而是说话时刻才临时想到的意图，则用 will.比较：
“I’ve come out without any money.” “Never mind, I will lend you some.” “我出来没带钱。”“没关系，我借给你。”（句中用will lend，表示“借”钱给对方是临时想到的，即听了对方的话后临时作出的反应）
I’ve bought a typewriter and I’m going to learn to type. 我买了台打字机，我想学打字。（句中用 be going to learn to type，表示说话人要学打字是事先准备的，并为此买了台打字机）
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Look at that little boy wandering about — perhaps he _____ his mother.
A. will lose B. is losing
C. had lost D. has lost
2. It‘s good that we _____ to the park because it‘s started to rain.
A. don‘t go B. hadn‘t gone
C. didn‘t go D. wasn‘t going
3. I _____ for five minutes； why don’t they come？
A. am calling B. called
C. was calling D. have been calling
4. You _____ your turn so you‘ll have to wait.
A. will miss B. have missed
C. are missing D. had missed
5. We _____ to move but are still considering where to go to.
A. are deciding B. decided
C. have decided D. had decided
6. I left my pen on the desk and now it’s gone； who _____ it？
A. took B. has taken
C. will take D. had taken
7. They won‘t buy any new clothes because they _____ money to buy a new car.
A. save B. were saving
C. have saved D. are saving
8. I _____ your last point — could you say it again？
A. didn‘t quite catch B. don‘t quite catch
C. hadn‘t quite catch D. can‘t quite catch
9. You’ll never guess who I met today — my old teacher！ We _____ for 20 years.
A. don‘t meet B. haven‘t met
C. hadn‘t met D. couldn‘t meet
10. I feel sure I _____ her before somewhere.
A. was to meet B. have met
C. had met D. would meet
11. They haven‘t arrived yet but we _____ them at any moment.
A. are expected B. have expected
C. are expecting D. will expect
12. I think you must be mistaken about seeing him at the theatre； I’m sure he _____ abroad all week.
A. is B. was
C. has been D. had been
13. The students _______ busily when Miss Brown went to get a book she _______ in the office.
A. had written, left B. were writing, has left
C. had written, had left D. were writing, had left
14. I tried to phone her, but even as I _____ she was leaving the building.
A. phoned B. would phone
C. had phoned D. was phoning
15. “I suppose you _____ that report yet？” “I finished it yesterday, as a matter of fact.”
A. didn‘t finish B. haven‘t finished
C. hadn‘t finished D. wasn‘t finishing
16. —Didn’t the guard see him breaking into the bank？
—No, he _______ in the other direction.
A. was looking B. had looked
C. looked D. is looking
17. How can you possibly miss the news？ It _______ on TV all day long.
A. has been B. had been
C. was D. will be
18. ―I thought you might have got drunk.‖ ―Yes, I ______.‖
A. almost have B. almost had
C. almost did D. might have
19. You ______ television. Why not do something more active？
A. always watch B. are always watching
C. have always watched D. have always been watching
20. “I took part in the TOEFL. It was really hard.” “Did you ______ a lot？”
A. Have you studied B. Did you study
C. Had you studied D. Do you study
21. “What’s your opinion on the matter, please？” “Oh, sorry, I _______.”
A. wasn‘t to listen B. haven‘t listened
C. wasn‘t listening D. hadn‘t listened
22. “Aha, you’re a chain smoker！” “Only at home. Nobody _______ that but you.”
A. discovered B. had discovered
C. discovers D. is discovering
23. The telephone _______ three times in the last hour, and each time it ________ for my father.
A. had rang； was B. has rung； was
C. rang； has been D. has been ringing； is
24. The thief tried to break away from the policeman who ______ him, but failed.
A. has held B. had held
C. was holding D. would hold
25. When I arrived at the company, the manager ______, so we had only time for a few words.
A. just went away B. had gone away
C. was just going away D. has just gone away
26. “John took a photograph of you just now.” “Oh, really？ I ______.”
A. didn‘t know B. wasn‘t knowing
C. don‘t know D. haven‘t known
27. “Mike is not coming to the football game this afternoon.” “It’s a shame！ He _______！”
A. promises B. promised
C. will promise D. had promised
28. Please call again. Jim _______ a bath just now.
A. has had B. was having
C. is having D. has
29. “Was Andrew there when you arrived？” “Yes, but he ______ home soon afterwards.”
A. had gone B. has gone
C. is going D. went
30. ―Where is Mother.‖ ―She is in the kitchen. She _______ the housework all morning.‖
A. is doing B. was doing
C. has done D. has been doing
31. The books, ________ the dictionaries, must be put back where they ________.
A. included； were B. to include； are
C. including； were D. including； are
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D.根据那个小男孩徘徊的现象，推知他可能是找不到妈妈了。用现在完成时表示结果。
2. 选C.句意为“好在我们（刚才）没有去公园，因为天（现在）已经开始下雨了”。
3. 选D.用现在完成进行时表示持续到现在的一段时间。
4. 选B，用现在完成时表示结果，即你已经错过了机会，其结果是：你只能等。
5. 选C.用现在完成时表示影响。
6. 选B.用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即现在笔不见了，是由于某人已经把它拿走了的结果。
7. 选D.用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的动作。
8. 选A.从下文的语境看，既然现在叫对方重复一遍，说明“没听清对方的最后一点”应发生在过去（即说此话之前）。
9. 选B.用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的一段时间。
10. 选B.before 用作副词时不与具体时间连用，泛指“以前”，通常与一般过去时或现在完成时连用。
11. 选C.用现在进行时表示目前的一种状态。
12. 选C.用现在完成时表示影响或结果，即他整个星期都在国外，所以你说你在剧院见过他，你一定是搞错了。
13. 选D.“把书忘在办公室”发生在“去取书”这一过去的动作之前，因此“忘了书”这一动作发生在过去的过去，用过去完成时。句中when表示的是时间的一点，表示在“同学们正忙于……”这一背景下，when所引导的动作发生。因此前一句应用过去进行时。
14. 选D.注意even as 的意思，它表示“正当……的时候”或“恰当……的时候”。
15. 选B.注意下文语境——事实上，我昨天就做完了。从该回答的语气上推测，填空处应填现在完成时态。
16. 选A.表示当时正在进行的动作。
17. 选A.表示目前一种持续的状态。
18. 选C.句中的 might have got drunk是对过去情况的推测，故答句所指的情况也应在过去，故选C.
19. 选B.always 与进行时态连用，可以表示高兴、满意、抱怨、厌恶等感情色彩。
20. 选C.根据took的时态可知，“参加托福考试”发生在过去；而对方问“是否努力学习过？”这肯定问的是参加考试以前的事，故用过去完成时。
21. 选C.“没听”肯定是刚才的事，所以应用过去时态。
22. 选C.答句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时态。
23. 选B.按英语语法，“in the last [past]+一段时间”通常与现在完成时连用。
24. 选C.用过去进行时表示当时在持续的一种状态。
25. 选C.由于下文说we had only time for a few words，说明“经理”正准备离开。
26. 选A.“不知道”是对方告诉自己之前的事，故用一般过去时。
27. 选B.根据语境，他“答应”发生在过去，故用一般过去时。
28. 选C.just now 有两个意思：一是表示“刚才”，此时just now 为习语；二是表示“现在”、“眼前”、“就在此时”，此时 just 意为“正好”、“恰好”，用以修饰副词now.根据句子语境，句中的 just now 应取上面的第二个意思。
29. 选D.Andrew“回家”发生在你见到他（发生在过去）之后不久。
30. 选 D.现在完成进行时表示从过去至今一直在持续的动作。
31. 选 C.第一空including不填 included，因为其后带有宾语；第二填 were，是因为它是指“原来放的地方”。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——短语动词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. When he realized the police had seen him， the man ______ the exit as quickly as possible.
A. made off B. made for
C. made out D. made up
【陷阱】容易误选A.
【分析】正确答案应选B.make for 意为“移向，走向”。最具干扰性的选项是A，因为make off 的意思是“匆匆逃走”。之所以不能选A，是因为 make off 不及物，其后不能接宾语；而 make for 是及物的，其后可以接宾语。另外两个选项的意思是：make out 指“勉强了解，开出（支票等），成功”；make up 指“弥补，虚构，整理，编辑，化妆”。
2. Now and then they would ______ our house and have a talk with us.
A. call on B. drop in at
C. drop in on D. drop in
【陷阱】几个干扰项均容易误选。
【分析】答案应选B.drop in 意为“顺便走访，不预先通知的拜访”，为不及物动词，其后不接宾语，若要接宾语，遵循以下原则：表示拜访某人，后接介词on；表示拜访某地，后接介词at.call 表示“拜访”时也遵循以上原则，即 call at 后接地点，call on 后接人。
3. “Why didn’t you write？” “My ink has _______.”
A. used up B. run out of
C. given away D. given out
【陷阱】几个干扰项均容易误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D.give out 有很多意思，如表示“分发，发出（气味、热等），发表，用尽，精疲力竭”等，此题取其“用尽”之义。选项A和B很具干扰性，它们均可表示“用完，用尽”，但是它们是及物的，其后应接宾语。假若将选项A改为been used up 也可以选。
4. I think your health will soon ______ if you have a holiday on the seaside.
A. give up B. pick up
C. take up D. get up
【陷阱】几个干扰项均容易误选。
【分析】答案选B.pick up 的意思很多，其中一个用法是表示“恢复，改进，改善”。如：
The weather may pick up. 天气会好转的。
Business is picking up again. 生意又有所好转。
除此之处还可表示“拿起，捡起；收拾，整理；学会，获得；（用车）来接，去取；重新开始，继续；感染（疾病、坏习惯等）”等。
其他几个选项的意思分别为：give up 意为“放弃”；take up 意为“开始（学习或从事等），继续，占去，接纳，提出”；get up 意为“起床”。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. To our surprise the stranger _____ to be an old friend of my mother‘s.
A. turned out B. turned up
C. set out D. set up
2. All the girls swam in the lake except two， who _____ halfway.
A. gave off B. gave up
C. gave away D. gave out
3. If the new arrangement doesn’t _____， we’ll go back to the old one.
A. work over B. work out
C. work up D. work in
4. “Have great changes taken place in your village？” “Yes， A new school was ______ in the village last year.”
A. held up B. set up
C. sent up D. brought up
5. I had to ______ because someone else wanted to use the phone.
A. give up B. put up
C. hang up D. ring up
6. Elephants would ______ if men were allowed to shoot as many as they wished.
A. die down B. die out
C. die away D. die off
7. My study of biology has ___C___ much of my spare time， but it has given me a great deal of enjoyment.
A. taken off B. taken down
C. taken up D. taken away
8. The plan ___ just because people were unwilling to co-operate（合作）。
A. broke down B. pulled down
C. turned down D. put down
9. The government has _______ the parents to work with teachers in the education of their children.
A. asked for B. called for
C. looked forD. paid for
10. John has put on so much weight recently that his mother has to ______ all his trousers to his measure.
A. let out B. give away
C. bring in D. make up
11. I can ______ some noise while I’m studying， but I can’t stand very loud noise.
A. put up with B. get rid of
C. have effect on D. keep away from
12. The mother often tells her son to be a good boy， warning him to ______ trouble.
A. hold back fromB. keep out of
C. break away from D. get rid of
13. To my surprise， the manager ______ 30 dollars from my salary without any good reason.
A. cut off B. held up
C. brought down D. kept back
14. Steven has a lot of work to _______ in the office since he has been away for quite a few days.
A. take up B. make up
C. work outD. carry out
15. Although Jane agrees with me on most points， there was one on which she was unwilling to _______.
A. give out B. give in
C. give away D. give off
16. You should ______ what your parents expect of you.
A. live up to B. stand up to
C. look up to D. run up to
17. I can hardly believe my eyes. What a poor composition you have _______. There are so many wrong spellings in it.
A. turned into B. turned off
C. turned to D. turned in
18. “Why don’t we go for a picnic this weekend？” “Good idea！ I would ______ the car and you’ll prepare the food.”
A. look after B. take care of
C. see about D get down to
19. How I wish that I could ______ my ideas in simple and wonderful English when chatting on the net.
A. set out B. set off
C. set over D. set up
20. Some kinds of animals can _______ the colour of their surroundings.
A. take on B. dress up
C. put on D. get into
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选A.turn out 意为“结果是，原来是”等；turn up 意为“找到， 发现，出现，开大音量”等；set out 意为“开始，出发，陈述”等；set up 意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创（纪录），提出”等。
2. 选B.give up 意为“放弃”；give out 意为“分发，发出（气味、热等），发表，用尽，精疲力竭”；give away意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露，出卖”；give off 意为“发出（蒸汽、光等），长出（枝、杈等）”。
3. 选B.work out 在此表示“有预期结果”；work over 意为“调查，重做”；work up 意为“逐步建立，逐步发展”；work in 意为“配合，引进”。
4. 选B.set up 意为“建立”；hold up 意为“举起，支撑，继续下去，阻挡，拦截”；send up 意为“发出，射出，长出，使上升”；bring up 意为“教育，培养，提出”。
5. 选C.give up 指“放弃”，put up 指“举起，架起，修建，张贴”等，hang up 指“挂断（电话）”，ring up 指“给某人打电话”。
6. 选B.die away 指“（声音、风、光线等）渐息，渐弱”；die down 指“（慢慢）熄灭，平静下来”；die off 指“一个一个地死去”；die out 指“（家族、种族、习俗、观念等）灭绝，绝迹”。
7. 选C.take up 意为“开始（学习或从事等），继续，占去，接纳，提出”；take off意为“脱下，起飞，打折，请假”；take away 意为“取走”；take down 意为“写下，拆下”。
8. 选A.break down意为“中止，毁掉，压倒，停顿，倒塌”；pull down 意为“摧毁，推翻，使降低，使身体变差”；turn down 意为“拒绝，关小音量，减弱，降低”；put down 意为“放下，拒绝，镇压，削减，记下”。
9. 选B.call for 意为“要求，提倡”；ask for 意为“请求，索要”；look for 意为“寻找”；pay for 意为“为……付钱”。
10. 选A.let out 意为“放掉，泄露，放大，出租”；give away 意为“送掉，分发，放弃，泄露， 出卖，让步”；bring in 意为“生产， 挣得，介绍引进”；make up 意为“弥补，虚构，缝制，整理，和解，编辑，化妆”。
11. 选A.put up with 意为“忍受，容忍”；get rid of 意为“摆脱，消除，去掉”；have effect on 意为“对……有影响”；keep away from意为“远离，不接近”。
12. 选B.hold back from 意为“向……隐瞒”；keep out of 意为“使在……之外”；break away from 意为“脱离”；get rid of 意为“摆脱，消除，去掉”。
13. 选D.keep back 意为“扣下，留下，阻挡，隐瞒”；hold up意为“举起，支撑”；bring down 意为“打倒，击落，打死，降低”；cut off 意为“切断，断绝”。
14. 选B.make up 意为“弥补，虚构，整理，编辑，化妆”；take up 意为“拿起，开始从事，继续，吸收”；work out 意为“计算出，设计出，有预期结果”；carry out 意为“完成，实现，贯彻，执行”。
15. 选B.give in 意为“让步，屈服，上交”；give away 意为“分发，赠送，背弃，出卖，泄漏”； give off 意为“发出（光、热、声音、气味等）”；give out 意为“分发，散发，用完，耗尽，垮掉，失灵，出故障，发表，公布，发出（热、声音、信号等）”。
16. 选A.live up to 意为“实践，做到”；stand up to 意为“勇敢地抵抗”；look up to 意为“尊敬，仰望”；run up to 意为“达到，积累到”。
17. 选D.turn in 意为“上交，归还”；turn into 意为“进入，（使）变成”；turn to 意为“转向，变成，求助于，致力于”；turn off 意为“关掉，避开”。
18. 选C.see about 意为“查询，留意于”；look after和take careof均表示为“照顾，关心”；get down to 意为“开始认真考虑”。
19. 选A.set out 意为“陈述，陈列，出发，开始”；set off 意为“出发，动身”；set over 意为“移交，置于……上，指派……管理”；set up意为“设立，竖立，架起，升起，创（纪录），提出”。
20. 选A.take on 意为“披上，呈现，具有，雇用，接纳，流行”；dress up 意为“打扮，装饰，伪装”；put on 意为“穿上，把……放在上，装出，增加”；get into意为“进入，陷入，穿上”。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——非谓语动词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could _______ a good college.
A. enterB. to enter
C. enteringD. entered
【陷阱】容易误选A。有的同学一看到空格前的情态动词 could 就断定此处应填动词原形 enter。
【分析】其实正确答案应是B。此句为省略句，即在 could 后省略了动词 do，若把句子补完整应为Everyone in our class was working hard and doing what we could do to enter a good college。即句中的不定式短语(to enter a good college)是用作目的状语的，而不是与情态动词(could)一起构成谓语。请再看类似例句：
(1) They did what they could to comfort her. 他们尽量安慰她。
(2) They did everything they could to save her life. 他们尽一切力量拯救她的性命。
(3) He studies as hard as he could to catch up with his classmates. 他拼命学习以便赶上他的同学。
值得指出的是，这也并不是说今后只要遇到类似结构的题就一定选带to不定式。请看以下试题：
(4) He ran as fast as he could _____ to catch the early bus.
A. to hopeB. hope
C. hopingD. hoped
此题的答案是 C不是A，其中的现在分词短语 hoping to catch the early bus 用作伴随状语。
(5) He spent every minute he could _____ spoken English.
A. practiseB. to practise
C. practisingD. practised
此题答案选 C，这与前面动词 spent 的搭配有关，即 spend … (in) doing sth。若将此句补充完整，即为 He spent every minute he could spend in practising spoken English.
(6) Before going abroad he devoted all he could _______ his oral English.
A. improveB. to improve
C. improvingD. to improving
此题答案选D，注意两点：一是 devote … to … 是固定搭配，意为“把……贡献给……”；二是其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时要用动名词。
2. He knows nothing about it, so he can‘t help _______ any of your work.
A. doingB. to do
C. being doingD. to be done
【陷阱】容易误选B，根据 can’t help doing sth 这一结构推出。
【分析】其实答案应选A。比较以下结构：
can’t help to do sth = 不能帮助做某事
can’t help doing sth = 禁不住做某事，情不自禁地做某事
又如下面一题，答案也是 B：
She can‘t help ____ the house because she‘s busy making a cake.
A cleaningB. to clean
C. cleanedD. being cleaned
再请看以下试题：
While shopping, people sometimes can‘t help _____ into buying something they don‘t really need.
A. to persuadeB. persuading
C. being persuadedD. be persuaded
此题应选C，句中的 can’t help 意为“禁不住”（注意根据句意用被动形式）。
3. All her time _______ experiments, she has no time for films.
A. devoted to do B. devoted to doing
C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to doing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为B。现分析如下：
(1) devote 意为“致力于，献身于”，主要用 devote…to…或be devoted to，其中的to 是介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不用不定式。
(2) 选A错误：若将 do 改为 doing 则可以。
(3) 选B正确：all her time devoted to doing experiments为独立主格结构，用作状语。
(4) 选C错误：因为all her time 与 devote 为被动关系，故应将devoting改为devoted。
(5) 选D错误：若单独看 All her time is devoted to doing experiments，此句并没有错，但问题是逗号前后两个简单句没有必要的连接方式，所以从整体上看仍不对，假若在后一句的句首加上and或so，则可选D，或将D将中的is 改为 being也可选它。 请做以下类似题（答案均选A）：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, we‘re ready to start.
A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn‘t help but______ him.
A. being, support B. was, support
D. is, to support C. has been, supporting
比较以下各题，答案选B，因为句中使用了并列连词and：
(1) All the preparations for the project ______, and we‘re ready to start.
A. completed B. have been completed
C. had been completed D. been completed
(2) Such _______ the case, I couldn‘t help but______ him.
A. being, support B. was, support
D. is, to support C. has been, supporting
4. The purpose of new technologies is to make life easier, ______ it more difficult.
A. not make B. not to make
C. not making D. do not make
【陷阱】容易误选C，受题干中的逗号的影响，认为是现在分词表结果的用法。
【分析】其实答案应选B，句中的逗号相当于连词 and 或 but，not to make it more difficult 是对逗号前的不定式 to make life easier 的补充说明。此句的意思是“新技术的目的是为了使生活变得更容易，而不是使生活变得更困难”。两个不定式同时用以说明句子主语 purpose 的内容。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：
The purpose of the scheme is not to help the employers but _____ work for young people.
A. provide B. to provide
C. providing D. provided
5. The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.
A. to be tied B. being tied
C. tied D. having tied
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】最佳答案为C。从意义上看，hands 与 tie 的关系应属被动关系，故排除D。在A、B、C三个选项中，选项A比较容易排除，因为不定式表示将来意义，在此与语境不符。现将B和C作一比较：B为现在分词的被动式，它表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表进行，也就是说 his hands being tied 的实际意思是“他的手正在被捆住”，这显然与语境不符。而C为过去分词，它也表示两层意义，一是表被动，二是表示动词的完成或完成后的状态，此句中的 with his hands tied behind his back 可视为手被捆在背后的一种状态。由此可知最佳答案为C。请看下面一题：
Anyone ______ trying to take knives on heard flights would be caught by the police.
A. finds B. found
C. being found D. will find
答案选B而不选C，其中的过去分词表示被动和完成。
比较下面两题，最佳答案是D不是A，现在分词的被动式表示被动和进行：
(1) The court hears about 120 cases a year; visitors are welcome to see a case ______.
A. argued B. to be argued
D. being argued C. to be arguing
(2) The silence of the library was sometimes broken by an occasional cough or by the sound of pages _______.
A. turned B. having turned
D. being turned C. to be turned
6. Remind me _______ the medicine tomorrow.
A. of taking
C. to take B. taking D. take
【陷阱】容易误选A。受 remind sb of (doing) sth 这一常用结构的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为C。比较以下三个结构：
remind sb of [about] sth = 使某人想起某事
remind sb of doing sth = 提醒某人做过某事（暗示动作已发生）
remind sb to do sth = 提醒某人去做某事（暗示动作尚未发生）
请看两个例句：
I reminded him of his promise. 我提醒他做过的诺言。
My wife reminded me of seeing that film. 我妻子提醒我曾经看过那部电影。
Can you remind me to phone her tomorrow? 你明天能否提醒我给她打电话?
7. Once your business becomes international, _____ constantly will be part of your life.
A. you fly
C. flight B. your flight D. flying
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。由于空格后出现了constantly这一副词，这就说明不能选B或C，因为B、C均为名词，不能受副词 constantly 的修饰。A和D均是可能的，因为其中有动词 fly。但若选A，you fly 是一个主谓结构，与其后的谓语 will be 相冲突，所以只能选D，即动名词flying在此用作主语。
8. Not only should you get used ______ under difficult conditions but you also you pay more attention ______ your work well.
A. to work, to do B. to working, to doing
C. to work, to doing D. to working, to do
【陷阱】容易误选A，认为两个空白处均应填不定式。
【分析】正确答案为B，因为 get used to与pay attention to 这两个结构中的to均为介词，不是不定式符号，故后接动词时要用动名词，不能动词原形。类似地，以下各
结构中的 to 也是介词，不是不定式符号，后接动词时也应用动名词，而不是动词原形： look forward to doing sth 盼望做某事
be opposed to doing sth 反对做某事
object to doing sth反对做某事
stick to doing sth 坚持做某事
get down to doing sth 开始做某事
take to doing sth 喜欢上做某事
admit to doing 承认做了某事
pay attention to doing sth 注意做某事
devote one’s time to doing sth 把某人的时间用于(奉献于)做某事
be equal to doing sth 等于做某事，能胜任做某事
What do you say to doing sth 你认为做某事怎么样
9. Both of my parents insisted _______ a computer for me, but I don‘t think it is necessary.
A. to buy B. buying
C. on buying D. in buying
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为insist后不能接不定式，但可以接动名词。
【分析】答案应选C。其实，动词 insist 后既不能接不定式也不能接动名词，因为insist 通常用作不及物动词；若语义上需接宾语，要借助介词 on或upon，即用于 insist on [upon] (doing) sth；但它有时的确也可用作及物动词，不过其宾语通常只能是 that 从句，而不能是普通的名词、代词或动名词。如：
He insisted on seeing her home. 他坚持送她回家。
I insisted that he (should) stay. 我坚持要他留下。
10. ―Do you have anything more ______, sir?‖ ―No. You can have a rest or do something else.‖
A. typing
C. typed B. to be typed D. to type
【陷阱】容易误选D，根据 have sth to do 这一常用结构推出。
【分析】最佳答案是B。确实，在“have+宾语+不定式”结构中，用作定语的不定式通常用主动式表示被动含义，如 I have some clothes to wash等，即尽管其中的 some clothes 与其后的不定式 to wash 具有被动关系，但却习惯上用主动式表示被动意义。但值得指出的是，这类句型的主语与其后的不定式具有主动关系，如 I have some clothes to wash 中的 to wash 就是由该句主语 I 来完成的。而上面一题的情形有所不同，即其中的 to type 这一动作不是由句子主语 you来完成的，而是由说话者“我”来完成的。比较：
Are you going to Shanghai? Do you have anything to take to your son? 你要去上海吗？你有什么东西要带给你儿子吗？
I’m going to Shanghai next week. I have a lot of things to take with me. 下个星期我要去上海，我随身要带很多东西去。
11. She took her son, ran out of the house, _____ him in the car and drove quickly to the nearest doctor‘s office.
A. put B. to put
C. putting D. having put
【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这考查非谓语动词的用法。
【分析】正确答案选A。句中的took, ran, put, drove 为四并列的谓语动词，其时态应一致。类似地如(答案选A)：
I got out of the taxi, _____ the fare and dashed into the station.
A. paid B. paying
C. to pay D. having paid
但是，下面一题稍有不同：
Hearing the news, he rushed out, ______ the book ______ on the table and disappeared into the distance.
A. left; lain open B. leaving; lying open
C. leaving; lie opened D. left; lay opened
此题答案选B，leaving 在此表结果，lying open 与其前的动词leave有关，leave 后接现在分词作宾语补足语，表示使某人或某物处于做某事的状态中。
12. The boss insisted that every minute ______ made full use of ______ the work well.
A. be, to do B. was, doing
C. be, doing D. was, to do
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。分析如下：
(1) 第一空填 be，是因为insisted 后接that从句，从句谓语要用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，其中的should也可省略。
(2) 第二空要填to do，是因为此句谓语为被动语态，假若将此句转换成主动语态，则是 …should make full use of every minute to do the work well, 句中涉及 make use
of … to do sth (利用……做某事)这一结构。另外，还有 make the most of (尽量利用)，make the best of (尽量利用)等短语也可能用于此类试题。请看以下类似例子：
(1) The old professor told us every part of the materials should be made use of ______ the power station.
A. to build B. building
C. build D. built
此题答案选 A，不是 B。为便于理解，可先考虑以下结构：
…make use of every part of the materials to build the power station
由此可见，make use of 的宾语是 every part of the materials，其后的不定式 to build the power station 为目的状语。
(2) Does the way you thought of _______ the water clean make any sense?
A. making B. to make
D. having made C. how to make
此题答案选B，不是A。句子主语是 the way，you thought of 是修饰主语的定语从句，不定式 to make the water clean 也是修饰主语的定语，也就是说，句子主语带有两个定语修饰语。
13. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year.
A. carried out B. carrying out
C. carry out D. to carry out
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】答案选A。此句结构较复杂，现分析如下：
(1) that they would like to see _____ the next year 是修饰名词 the plan 的定语从句。
(2) 由于 the plan 与空格处的 carry out 有被动关系，故填过去分词 carried out。 请做以下类似试题：
(1) Who do you think you‘d like _____ with you, a boy or a girl?
A. to have go B. to have to go
C. to have gone D. having to go
在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：
I think I‘d like to have a boy go with me.
句中的 go 要用原形，这是因为其前有表示使役的动词have。在此句中，假若对名词a boy 提问，便可得出：
Who do you think you‘d like to have go with you?
对照上面一题，答案很显然是A。
(2) Who did the boss _____ his car this time?
A. make wash B. make to wash
C. make washing D. making to wash
在做此题之前，也请先看看下面这个句子：
The boss made Jack wash his car this time.
假若对句中的名词Jack 提问，便可得出：
Who did the boss make wash his car this time?
由此可知上面题答案为A。
(3) You can never imagine what great difficulty I had ______ your house all by myself.
A. found
C. to find B. finding D. for finding
此题答案选B。考查的基本结构是 have great difficulty (in) doing sth。
14. How happy we are! The holiday we have been looking forward _______ at last.
A. to has come
C. to having come B. to have come D. has come
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】其实正确答案是A。大家知道，短语 look forward to意为“盼望”，其中的 to 是介词，而不是不定式符号，所以后接动词要用动名词，许多同学据此便选择了C。但问题是，句中介词 to 的宾语不是have come，而是the holiday。正解的句子分析是：the holiday为句子主语，we have been looking forward to 是修饰主语的定语从句(介词 to 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，被省略)，has come 是句子谓语。请做以下类似试题：
(1) The man you referred to _____ just now.
A. comes
C. coming B. come D. came
答案选D，句子主语为 the man，you referred to 为修饰 the man 的定语从句，空白处填 came，为句子谓语。
(2) The theory he sticks to ______ to be of no use in our studies.
A. proves
C. proving B. prove D. be proved
答案选A，he sticks to 是修饰主语 the theory 的定语从句，句子的基本结构为 The theory proves to be of no use in our studies.
(3) The work he devoted his time to _____ worth praising.
A. was B. be
C. being D. been
答案选A，he devoted his time to 是修饰主语 the work 的定语从句。句子的基本结构为 The work was worth praising.
(4) I think this is the very work that we must finish ____ her.
A. to help
C. helping B. help D. helped
答案是 A。句中空格处填的动词help 并不是 finish 的宾语，正确的句子分析是：that I must finish 是修饰名词 the very work 的定语从句，finish 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，其后的不定式 to help her 是目的状语。
(5) Which do you enjoy ____ your weekend, swimming or fishing?
A. spending
C. spend B. being spent D. to spend
答案选 D。enjoy 的宾语是句首的疑问词 which，不是其后的动词 spending。此题中的 to spend… 用作目的状语。
(5) What the boy enjoys _____ to have a room of his own.
A. being
C. is D. are B. to be
答案选C，而不选A。what the boy enjoys 是主语从句，空格处填的 is 为谓语动词。
(6) Nothing that he suggested _____ to be of any use.
A. prove B. proved C. proving D. to prove
答案选B，而不选C。句子主语是 nothing，that he suggested 是修饰主语的定语从句，suggested 的宾语是引导该定语从句的关系代词 that，而不是其后的动词；句子谓语是 proved。全句意为“他建议的情况没有一条是有用的。”
(7) The old house we paid a visit _____ at the top of the hill.
A. standing B. to stand
C. to standing D. to stands
答案选D。we paid a visit to 是修饰the old house 的定语从句，句中的stands 为主句谓语。
(8) The life he is now used _____ quite different from ours.
A. is B. to be
D. to is C. to being
答案选D。句中he is now used to 是修饰 the life 的定语从句，to 后的动词 is 是句子的谓语，句意为“他现在习惯的这种生活与我们的生活很不相同”。
(9) The work he paid special attention _____ to nothing.
A. came B. to come
C. to coming D. to came
答案选D。句中的he paid special attention to 是修饰 the work 的定语从句，to 后的动词 came 是句子的谓语，句意为“他特别关注的那项工作泡汤了”。
(10) The result what he said would lead _____ his regret in the future.
A. is B. to be
D. to was C. to being
答案选D。句中what he said would lead to 是修饰 the result 的定语从句，to 后的动词 was 是句子的谓语，句意为“他所说的话将导致的结果是他今后的后悔”。
15. _______ the road round to the right and you‘ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
【陷阱】容易误选B或C，误认为这是非谓语动词作状语。
【分析】正确答案选A。根据句中的连词and 可推知它是一个并列句。假若将此题改为下面这样，则答案为B：
_______ the road round to the right, you‘ll find his house.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
但是，若改成下面一题这样，则答案为C(不定式短语表目的)：
_______ the road round to the right, the blind man asked a boy to guide him.
A. Follow B. Following
C. To follow D. Followed
请做以下试题，答案均选A，都是因为句中的并列连词 and（填空句为祈使句）：
(1) _______ to the top of the hill, and you can see the whole of the town.
A. Get B. To get
C. Getting D. Having got
(2) ______ the milk and set a good example to the other children.
A. Drink
C. Drinking B. To drink D. Having drinking
(3) ______ me, and then try to copy what I do.
A. Watch B. Watching
C. To watch D. Have watching
(4) _____ through this book and tell me what you think of it.
A. Look
C. To look B. Looking D. Having looked
(5) _____ it with me and I‘ll see what I can do.
A. Leave B. Leaving
C. If you leave D. When left
有时不用连词连接句子，而用破折号，情况也是一样(答案均选A)。如：
(6) _____ down the radio — the baby‘s asleep in the next room.
A. Turn
C. to turn B. Turning D. To have turned
(7) _____ some of this juice — perhaps you will like it.
A. Try B. Trying
C. To try D. To have tried
以下各题也应选A，是因为句中的从属连词 when, before, until 等（填空句为祈使句）：
(8) ______ him enough time to get home before you telephone.
A. Give B. To give
C. Giving D. Given
(9) ______ left when you get to the end of the street.
A. Keep
C. To keep B. Keeping D. Kept
(10) ______ your hand over your mouth when you cough.
A. Put B. Putting
C. To put D. To be putting
(11)______ until the lights have turned to green.
A. Wait B. To wait
C. Waiting D. Having waited
(12) ______ the pieces of cloth with a loose stitch before finally sewing them together.
A. Join B. To join
C. Joining D. Joined
以下各题也应选A，因为填空句为祈使句：
(13) I don‘t want to listen a long story — just _____ me the result.
A. tell B. telling
C. to tell D. to be telling
(14) Why stand there watching — _____ and help us!
A. come
C. to come B. coming D. to be coming
(15) Don‘t waste your money on silly things — ______ it.
A. save B. to save
C. saving D. having saved
(16) First ______ the rice by washing it, then ______ it in boiling water.
A. prepare, cook
C. preparing, cook B. preparing, cooking D. prepare, cooking
(17) To test eggs, _____ them in a bowl of water: if they float they‘re bad, if they sink they‘re good.
A. put B. putting
C. to put D. to be putting
但是请注意，类似下面这样的题目情形有所不同，所填部分为目的状语（用不定式，即答案选B）：
(18) ______ French well, she went to France to live with his cousins.
A. Study
C. Studying B. To study D. Having studied
(19) _____ late in the morning, Mr. Smith turned off the alarm.
A. Sleep
C. Sleeping B. To sleep D. Having slept
(20) ______ the flies out, we had to shut all the doors and windows.
A. Keep
C. Keeping B. To keep D. Having kept
(21) ______ their service, the workers of the hotel are active in learning English.
A. Improving B. To improve
C. Improve
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. He looked around and caught a man ______ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.
A. put B. to be putting
C. to put D. putting D. Having improved
2. When you‘re learning to drive, _______ a good teacher makes a big difference.
A. have B. having
C. and have D. and having
3. I felt it a great honour ______ to speak to you.
A. to ask B. asking
C. to be asked D. having asked
4. I would love _______ to the party last night but I had to work extra hours to finish a report.
A. to go
C. going B. to have gone D. having gone
5. Before you decide to leave your job, _______ the effect it will have on your family.
A. consider B. considering
C. to consider D. considered
6. Robert is said _______ abroad, but I don‘t know what country he studied in.
A. to have studied
C. to be studying B. to study D. to have been studying
7. It is said that in Australia there is more land than the government knows _______.
A. it what to do with B. what to do it with
C. what to do with it D. to do what with it
8. Anyone _______ bags, boxes, or whatever, was stopped by the police.
A. seen carry B. seen carrying
C. saw to carry D. saw carrying
9. Mr Reed made up his mind to devote all he had to _______ some schools for poor children.
A. set up B. setting up
C. have set up D. having set up
10. The discovery of new evidence led to _______.
A. the thief having caught
C. the thief being caught B. catch the thief D. the thief to be caught
11. She looks forward every spring to _______ the flower-lined garden.
A. visit B. paying a visit
C. walk in D. walking in
12. To test eggs, _______ them in a bowl of water: if they float they‘re bad, if they sink they‘re good.
A. put B. putting
C. to put D. to be putting
13. ―Where is David?‖ ―He is upstairs ______ ready to go out.‖
A. to get B. getting
D. having got C. to be getting
14. ―Mum, why do you always make me eat an egg every day?‖ ―________ enough protein and nutrition as you are growing up.‖
A. Get B. Getting
C. To get D. to be getting
15. He was reading his book, completely _______ to the world.
A. lost B. losing
C. to lose D. to have lost
16. We looked everywhere for the keys, but they are nowhere _______.
A. to find B. to have found
C. to be found D. being found
17. The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street, but his mother told him _______.
A. not to
C. not do it B. not to do D. do not do
18. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _______ in the kitchen.
A. smoke B. smoking
C. to smoke D. smoked
19. Finding her car stolen, _______.
A. a policeman was asked to help
B. the area was searching thoroughly
C. it was looked for everywhere
D. she hurried to a policeman for help
20. ―How do you deal with the disagreement between the company and the customers?‖ ―The key ______ the problem is to meet the demand ______ by the customers.‖
A. to solving, making B. to solving, made
C. to solve, making D. to solve, made
21. ―What do you think made Mary so upset?‖ ―_______ her new bike.‖
A. As she lost B. Lost
C. Losing D. Because of losing
22. The research is so designed that once _______ nothing can be done to change it.
A. begins B. having begun
C. beginning D. begun
23. Though ________ money, his parents managed to send him to university.
A. lacked
C. lacking B. lacking of D. lacked in
24. Tony was very unhappy for _______ to the party.
A. having not been invited B. not having invited
C. having not invited D. not having been invited
25. Though I have often heard this song _______. I have never heard you _______ it.
A. being sung, sang B. sang, singing
C. sung, sing D. to be sung, to sing
26. He is a man of few words, and seldom speaks until _______ to.
A. spoken
C. speak B. speaking D. be spoken
28. When I handed the report to John, he said that George was the person _______.
A. to send B. for sending it
D. for sending it to C. to send it to
29. _______ on time, this medicine will be quite effective.
A. Taking
C. Taken B. Being taken D. Having taken
30. The film star walked to his car, ______ a crowd of journalists.
A. followed by B. following by
C. to follow D. to be followed by
31. After describing the planned improvements, she went on _______ how much they would cost.
A. to explain B. explaining
C. to be explaining D. having explained
32. Please excuse me _______ your letter by mistake.
A. to open B. to have opened
C. for opening D. in opening
33. Please remember _______ the plants while I‘m away.
A. watering
C. to water B. to be watering D. being watering
34. Certainly I posted your letter — I remember ______ it.
A. posting B. to post
D. have posted C. to be posting
35. Stop _______ me to hurry up. I can only go so fast.
A. to tell B. telling
C. to have told D. having told
36. Remember _______ off the light when _______ to bed.
A. turning, going
C. turning, to go B. to turn, to go D. to turn, going
37. _______ time, he‘ll make a first-class tennis player.
A. Having given
C. Giving B. To give D. Given
38. _______ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States.
A. Being founded
C. Founded B. It was founded D. Founding
39. The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the ________.
A. 20 dollars remained
C. remained 20 dollars B. 20 dollars to remain D. remaining 20 dollars
40. The picture _______ on the wall is painted by my nephew.
A. having hung
C. hangs B. hanging D. being hung
41. With a lot of difficult problems ________, the newly-elected president is having a hard time.
A. settled
C. to settle B. setting D. being settled
42. Having a trip abroad is certainly good for the old couple, but it remains _______ whether they will enjoy it.
A. to see
C. seeing B. to be seen D. seen
43. Tony was very unhappy for _______ to the party.
A. having not been invited B. not having invited
C. having not invited D. not having been invited
44. ―Good morning. Can I help you?‖ ―I‘d like to have this package _______.‖
A. be weighed B. to be weighed
C. to weigh D. weighed
45. What have we said _______ her so happy?
A. makes
C. made B. to make D. has made
46. What worried the child most was ______ to visit his mother in the hospital.
A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed
D. having not being allowed C his being not allowed
47. ―Which sweater is yours?‖ ―The one _______ No. 9.‖
A. that marked
C. which marked B. was marked with D. marked with
48.If the car won‘t start, _____ it.
A. try push B. try pushing
D. to try to push C. to try pushing
49. They stayed up until midnight _____ the old year out and the new year in.
A. and saw
C. seeing
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D。catch sb doing sth 意为“碰上某人在做某事”或“逮住某做某事”。 B. to see D. for seeing
2. 选B。这是一个含when 引导时间状语从句的主从复合句，having a good teacher 在主句中用作主语。
3. 选C。句中的 it 为形式主语，不定式 to be asked to speak to you 为真正主语，因“我”与ask为被动关系，故用被动式。
4. 选 B。like 和 love后接不定式或动名词均可，但 would love / like 后只能接不定式，据此可排除选项 C、D。表示过去未曾实现的愿望，其后要接不定式完成式，即选 B。
5. 选A，before 引导的是时间状语从句，填空句为主句，而此主句为一祈使句，故动词用原形。其中 it will have … 为修饰名词 the effect 的宾语从句。
6. 选 A。根据句中的 studied 可知，他曾到国外留过学，也就是说“留学”这个动作已结束并发生在谓语动作(is said)之前，故用完成式，即选 A。
7. 选 C。do with 与 what 连用可以表示“处置”、“放置”、“利用”等。如： What shall I do with it? 怎样处置它好呢?
What have you done with my umbrella? 你把我的雨伞放到哪 里去了?
I don’t know what to do with this strange object. 我不知道这怪东西有什么用。
8. 选B。anyone seen carrying bags…为 anyone who was seen carrying bags 之略，其中过去分词短语 seen carrying bags … 用作定语修饰代词 anyone。另外，句中的 who was seen carrying bags 为 see sb doing sth 这一结构的被动式。
9. 选 B。devote…to… 的意思是“把……贡献给……”或“致力于……”，其中 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后动词要用动名词。句中的 he had 为定语从句，用以修饰 all，注意不将 had to 视为同一个语义结构。
10. 选 C。lead to 意为“导致”，其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。由于逻辑主语 the thief 与catch 为被动关系，故答案选 C。
11. 选 D。look forward to 意为“期盼”，其中 to 是介词，后接动词要用动名词。注意不能选 B，因为 pay a visit 不能带 the flower-lined garden 作宾语，假若在 paying a visit 后加上介词 to，则可选 B。
12. 选A。句首的 to test eggs 为目的状语，填空句为祈使句谓语，故要用动词原形。
13. 选B。现在分词短语表伴随。
14. 选C。to get enough protein and nutrition 表目的。
15. 选A。(be) lost to sth 为习语，意为“不再受某事物的影响”、“将某事物置之度外”。
16. 选C。因keys 与 find 是被动关系。
17. 选 A。不定式的否定式总是将否定词 not 置于不定式符号 to 之前，而不能置于其后，同时结合 tell sb (not) to do sth 这一结构可排除选项 C、D。当不定式的动词是前面已出现过的相同的动词时，为避免重复，通常省略该不定式而只保留不定式符号 to。
18. 选 B。find 后可接现在分词（表示动作在进行）或过去分词（表被动关系）作宾语补足语，但是不接不定式。另外，由于he 与 smoke 是主动关系，故选 B。
19. 选 D。非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语就是句子主语。比较四个选项，finding her car stolen 的逻辑主语显然是 she，而不是 a policeman, the area, it 等，故选 D。
20. 选 B。the key to… 意为“……的关键”，其中的 to 是介词，不是不定式符号，若后接动词要用动名词。另一方面，名词 demand 与 make 是被动关系(make demands 提出要求)，同时根据句中的 by the customers，可确定答案选 B。
21. 选 C。答句是针对疑问词 what 的回答，而问句中的疑问词 what 在句中用作主语，所以答句也应是一个能用作主语的东西，比较四个选项，只有C合适。其完整回答形式为 Losing her new bike made Mary so upset. 比较，下面一题要填不定式，因为四个选项中只有 To choose a new chairman 能回答疑问词 why：
“Why was a special meeting called?‖ ―______ a new chairman.‖
A. Choose B. Choosing
C. To choose D. Chosen
22. 选 D。由于 the research 与 begin 是被动关系，故用过去分词 begun。Once begun 可视为 once it is begun 之省略。
23. 选 C。由于 his parents 与 lack money(缺钱)是主动关系，故用现在分词，又因为 lack 是及物动词，故后接宾语无需用介词，故选 C。
24. 选 D。非谓语动词的否定式要将否定词 not 放在整个非谓语动词之前，据此可排除 A、C。另外，由于 Tony 与 invite 是被动关系，故选 D。
25. C。第一空填 sung，因为 song 与 sing 是被动关系；第二空填 sing，因为 you 与 sing 是主动关系。
27. 选 A。until spoken to 可视为 until he is spoken to 之略。
28. 选C，不定式短语to send it to 用作这语，修饰其前的名词 the person。注意句尾的介词 to 不能省略，因为被修饰的名词 the person 为介词 to 的逻辑宾语。
29. 选 C。this medicine 与动词take 为被动关系，故用过去分词。
30. 选A。从句意上看，人群跟在明星后面，反过来，明星便是被人群跟着。
31. 选A。go on doing sth = 继续做同一事情，go on to do sth = 做完某事后续继做某事。
32. 选C。excuse sb for doing sth 意为“原谅某人做了某事”。
33. 选C。remember doing sth = 记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth = 记住要做的事。
34. 选A。remember doing sth = 记住曾经做过的事，remember to do sth = 记住要做的事。
35. 选B。根据下文的 I can only go so fast 知前文应是叫对方不要老催自己快走。比较：stop doing sth = 停止做某事，stop to do sth = 停下正在做的事去干另一事。
36. 选D。一是分清以下两个结构：remember to do sth=记住做某事，remember doing sth=记住曾做过某事；二是注意 when going to bed 相当于 when you go to bed。
37. 选 D。由于动词 give 与其逻辑主语 he 是动宾关系，故用过去分词，即选 D。其中 Given time 可视为 If he is given time 之略。
38. C。由于 Harvard(哈佛大学)与 found(建立)是被动关系，且因句中有 in 1636，故选 C。注意不能选 B，否则前后两句之间缺少必要的连词。
39. 选D，由于 remain 为不及物动词，所以包含过去分词 remained的A和C不宜选(因为两者均含有被动意味)；选项B也不宜选，不定式to remain 用作修饰 20 dollars 的后置定语，由于彼此之间有逻辑上的动宾关系，故不妥（因为 remain 不及物）。现在分词remaining 的意思是“剩下的”。
40. 选 B。动词 hang 表示“悬挂”时，可用作及物或不及物动词，此处填 hanging 或 hung 均可，但不能填 being hung，因为它表示动作正在进行，而此处表示的是一种悬挂的状态。
41. 选 C。“with+名词+不定式”的意思是“有……要……”。又如：
I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗这些衣服，我无法出去了。
With such good cardres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe. 有这样的好干部执行党的政策，我们感到放心。
42. 选 B。remain 作“尚需”解，是连系动词，其后要接不定式作表语。由于 see 与 it(形式主语，指whether they will enjoy it)是动宾关系，因此用不定式的被动式。
43. 选 D。否定词 not 应放在动名词之前，故排除A、C；又因为 Tony 与 invite 是被动关系，故选 D。
44. 选 D。“have+名词或代词+过去分词”结构在此表示“请某人做某事”。
45. 选 B。to make her so happy 是结果状语。注意词序What have we…，不是 What we have…。比较下面一题(答案选D)：
What we have said ________ her so happy.
A. makes
C. made B. to make D. has made
46. 选 B。否定词 not 应放在-ing 形式之前，逻辑主语 his 之后，由此可排除 C 和 D；又因为 the child 与 allow 是被动关系，故选 B。
47. 选D。marked with 可视为 which is marked with No. 9 之略。
48. 选B。注意句首为if 引导的条件状语从句，填空句为祈使句，故第一个动词应是try，不应是 to try；另外，try doing sth 的意思是“做某事试试看有何效果”。
49. 选 B。不定式表目的。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——冠词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “Do you know ______ English for ‘帅哥’?” “I’m afraid I don’t. I’m not interested in _______ English language.”
A. the, the B. the, 不填
C. 不填, the D. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易误选D，因为表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为A。在英语中，表示语言的名词前通常不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下可用冠词。如：
(1) 当语言名词表特指意义，其前可用定冠词。如：
The English spoken in America and Canada is a little different from that spoken in England. 美国和加拿大讲的英语与英国讲的英语有点不同。
(2) 当语言名词表示某一语言中的对应词时，其前要用定冠词。如：
What’s the English for this? 这个东西用英语怎么说?
(3) 当在语言名词后加上 language一词时，也要用冠词。如：
There have been many changes in the history of the English language. 英语发展过程中有很多变革。
2. I couldn‘t remember the exact date of the storm, but I knew it was ______ Sunday because everybody was at ______ church.
A. a, the
C. 不填, a B. a, 不填 D. 不填, 不填
【陷阱】容易误选D，因为星期名词前不加冠词；而 at church 表示在教堂里做礼拜，其中也不用冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为B。确实，在通常情况下星期名词前不用冠词，但在某些特殊情况下还是可以用冠词的，如表示特指，其前可用定冠词；表示“某一个”或受描绘性定语修饰表示“某种”这样的意义等，其前可用不定冠词。如：
He came on the Sunday and went away on the Monday. 他星期日来，星期一就走了。 My birthday happened to be on a Saturday. 我的生日碰巧是星期六。
3. Which person do you refer to, the one with ______ long hair or the one with _______ long beard?
A. a, a B. 不填，不填
C. a, 不填 D. 不填，a
【陷阱】误选A或B，认为hair(头发)和beard(胡须)性质和用法应该差不多，要么都可数，要么都不可数，或者说要么都用不定冠词，要么都不用。
【分析】最佳答案选D。hair 和 beard 在用法上并不完全相同：hair 可用作可数或不可数名词，用作可数名词时，指一根一根的毛发或头发，如说 There’s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发)；用作不可数名词（集合名词）时，则是整体地指一个人的头发。比较：
He has gray hairs. 他有几根白发了。
He has gray hair. 他满头白发了。
而beard 则通常只用作可数名词，且指的是一个人所有的胡须，而不是指一根胡须，它的复数形式，通常是指多个人的胡须，而不是指多根胡须，如：
He no longer wears a beard. 他不再留胡须。
Not all men grow beards. 并不是所有的男人都留胡须。
4. I once watched _______ one-act play, which was played by _______ 11-year-old boy.
A. a, aB. an, an
C. a, anD. an, a
【陷阱】几个干扰均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案填C。第一空填 a，因为 one-act的第一个音是辅音不是元音；第二空填an，是因为 11的英文是eleven它的第一个音是元音不是辅音。类似以下各题的答案是 C 不是其他：
(1) Before he was arrested, he had taken _______ one-month holiday, and stayed in the country with ________ 18-year-old girl, one of his students.
A. a, a B. an, an
C. a, an D. an, a
(2) We hired _______ one-eyed man to play in our film, and we gave him _______ 100-pound check for just one minute.
A. a, an B. an, a
C. a, a D. an, an
5. ―Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.‖ ―Is it _____ black one? I think I saw it somewhere.‖
A. a, the B. the, the
C. a, a D. the, a
【陷阱】误选A，生搬硬套冠词用法规则：第一次提到某人或某事物用不定冠词，第二次再提到该人或该事物时用定冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为C。第一空填a，比较好理解；而第二空填a是因为此句中的one 并非指前面提到的 pen，即这里的 one 与前面的 pen 并非同一事物，这从后面一句的 I think I saw it somewhere 可以清楚地知道。请比较下面一题：
“Have you seen _____ pen? I left it here this morning.‖ ―Is it _____ black one? I found it in the corner.‖
A. a, the B. the, the
C. a, a D. the, a
此题的最佳答案是 A不是C。请注意其后 I found it in the corner这一信息，它表明说明者是拿着笔在与对方说话。请再看一个类似的例子：
“Have you seen _______ new bike? I put it here just now.‖ ―Is it _______ white one? A boy has ridden it away.‖
A. a; a B. a; the
C. the; the D. the; a
此题答案选A，注意其后的 A boy has ridden it away 表明自行车已不在说话者身旁。
6. My friend Mary is _____ beautiful girl and _____ girl everyone likes to work with.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. the, aD. the, the
【陷阱】很容易误选B，认为第一次提到 girl 用不定冠词，第二次提到就应该用定冠词。
【分析】最佳答案为A。句中第二次提到 girl 时并不是特指的，此句实为一省略句，补充完整为 My friend Mary is a beautiful girl and she is a girl everyone likes to work with. 请再做以下试题(答案选A)：
(1) Jim is _______ brave boy and _______ boy never fearing anything.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. the, a D. the, the
(2) It is really _______ useful dictionary and _______ dictionary every one of us needs.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. the, a
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Since tasting the excitement of _____ big city life, she never wants to live in _____ country again. D. the, the
A. the, the B. 不填，不填
C. the, 不填 D. 不填，the
2. The operation is _____ success and the patient is now out of _____ danger.
A. a, the B. a, 不填
C. 不填, the D. 不填，不填
3. As _____ writer, he was _____ complete failure.
A. a, a B. a, the
C. 不填，不填 D. a, 不填
4. How strange! These years my birthday always falls _____.
A. on the Sunday B. on a Sunday
C. on Sunday D. at a Sunday
5. This is _____ best kind of _____ pen you can get here.
A. the, the B. the, a
C. the, 不填 D. a, the
6. As is known to us all, _____ tiger is in _____ danger of becoming extinct.
A. the, a
C. a, 不填 B. the, 不填 D. 不填, the
7. He spent too much time talking on ______ phone while we were all busy at _____ work.
A. the, 不填 B. a, 不填
C. 不填, 不填 D. the, the
8. As _______ unemployment is very high at the moment, it‘s very difficult for people to find _______ work.
A. the, 不填 B.不填，不填
C. the, a D. an, the
9. Apartments in cities can be quite high. Renters are paying up to $1,000 per month for _______ bedroom apartment.
A. one a B. the one C. one D. a one
10. The education of ______ young is always ______ hot and serious topic.
A. 不填, 不填 B. the, a
C. 不填, the D. the, 不填
11. I often have conversations with John over ______ telephone, while keep in touch with Tom by ______ letter.
A. 不填；the B. 不填；a
C. the；不填 D. the; a
12. —John has put forward _______ most challenging question for us to answer. —Yes, it really is. I have never heard _______ harder one.
A. the; 不填 B. 不填; the
C. the; the D. a; a
13. ―What about ______ school?‖ ―It is as good, as anybody can see, _____ school as No 1 Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University.‖
A. a; the B. the; a
C. a; a D. the; the
14. The market for ______ used computers is getting larger and larger as______ years go on.
A. 不填, 不填 B. the, 不填
C. the, the D. 不填, the
15. ―Charley Oakley, ______ NBA All-star, hasn‘t missed ______ game in the past three years.‖ ―I can hardly believe it.‖
A. an; the
C. the; a B. a; the D. an; a
16. In the market, vegetables are sold by _______ kilogram, I mean, by _______ weight.
A. the; 不填 B.不填; 不填
C. the; the D.不填；the
17. Many people agree that ______ knowledge of English is a must in _______ international trade today.
A. the, an
C. the, the B. a, 不填 D. 不填, the
18. The cakes are delicious. I‘d like to have _______ third one as _______ second one I ate was too small.
A. the, the
C. the, a B. a, the D. a, a
19. ________ England of those years was _______ England in peace.
A. 不填, 不填 B. The, an
C. The, 不填 D. 不填, an
20. — Did you happen to see _______ black and _______ white cat?
— Are they missing? I told you to take care of them.
A. a; 不填
C. the; the
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D，big city life 表泛指，其前不用冠词；country 表示“农村”时，其前习惯上要用定冠词。
2. 选B，success 在此指“成功的事”，为可数名词；out of danger（脱离危险）为习语，其中不用冠词。
3. 选A，其中的 failure 在此指“失败的人”，为可数名词。
4. 选B，Sunday 前用不定冠词，表示“某一个”。
5. 选C，kind of 后的名词通常不用冠词。
6. 选B，当概括事物的种类时，用定冠词，不用不定冠词；另外in danger of 是短语，不用冠词。
7. 选 A。on the phone 和 at work 均为习语，其中一个带冠词，一个不带冠词。
8. 选 B。unemployment 和 work 均为不可数名词，表示一般意义时其前不用冠词。
9. 选 D。a one bedroom apartment 意为“一套只带一间卧室的套房”。
10. 选B。the young 意为“年轻人”，定冠词用于某些形容词前表示一类人或事物；第二空填不定冠词修饰名词 topic。 B. the; 不填 D. a; the
11. 选 A。over [on] the telephone 为习语，意为“通过电话”；若用 by telephone 则不用冠词，类似地，by letter（通过信件）也不用冠词。
12. 选D。第一空后的most不是构成最高级，而是表示“很”、“十分”，故其前用a；第二空也填a，该句为 I have never heard a harder one than this one 的省略。
13. 选B。第一空填the，表特指；第二空填a，表泛指，as good a school as No. Middle School Attached to Hunan Normal University 意为“与湖南师大附中一样好的一所中学”。
14. 选A。used computers 与 years 均为复数名词表示泛指意思，其前不用冠词。
15. 选D。NBA中的 N 读音为 ]ne[，即前面一个音为元音，故填an不填a；第二空填a表泛指，泛指任何一场比赛。
16. 选A。介词by表示“以…计”时，若后接单数可数名词，其前要用定冠词，如：by the week 按周，按星期 / by the ton 按吨 / by the yard 按码 / by the meter 按米；若后接抽象名词，则通常不用冠词，如：by volume 按体积 / by weight 按重量。
17. 选B。knowledge 虽为不可数名词，但其前却可用不定冠词，表示某种程度的知识，有类似some的意思；第二空不填冠词，是因为trade 为不可数名词，表示泛指时不用冠词。
18. 选B。序数词前通常用定冠词，表示特指（如第一空）；有时也用不定冠词，表示原有数量上的增加（如第一空）。
19. 选B。原则上说，专有名词前不用冠词，但在些特殊情况下也可用冠词。此题第一空填定冠词，表特指，即指“那时的英国”；第二空填不定冠词，表示具有某种特征。
20. 选C。Are they missing? 中的代词they 是一个很重要的信息词，它表明上文中的 _______ black and _______ white cat 是两只猫而不是一只猫，所以C。the black and white cat 可视为 the black cat and the white cat 之省略。若选A，则表示“一只黑白相间的猫”。
本资高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——交际口语
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. “Don’t you believe me？” “______, I’ll believe _______ you say.”
A. No; whatever B. Yes; no matter what
C. No; no matter what D. Yes; whatever
【陷阱】容易误选A。认为Yes 永远译为“是”，No 永远译为“不”。
【分析】最佳答案选D。在回答否定疑问句时，要特别注意 yes, no 的正确理解。回答yes 时，可视为 yes, I do 之类的省略形式；回答 no 时，可视为 no, I don’t 之类的省略形式。针对上题而言，“Don’t you believe me？”的意思是“你难道不相信我？”其答句 “Yes, I do” 的实际意思便是“不，我相信你”，这与 I‘ll believe whatever you say 的意思完全吻合。注意，第二空不宜填 no matter what，因为它只能引导让步状语从句，不能引导宾语从句。请再看类似试题：
2. “Would you mind if I _______ one of these books？” “_______.”
A. took; Certainly not B. take; Yes, of course
C. can take; Yes, please do D. may take; No, I?m using it
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选A。做对此题要注意两点：一是would you mind 后接 if 从句时，从句谓语通常要用一般过去时（但 Do you mind if 后的谓语不用过去式）；二是对 would you mind… 的回答实际上是对 mind（介意）的回答，即肯定回答表示“介意”，否定回答表示“不介意”。请做以下类似试题：
（1） “Do you mind if I smoke here？” “_______. Go to the smoking room, please.”
A. Of course not B. Sure, why not
C. No, I don‘t D. Yes, I do
答案选D。根据下文的 Go to the smoking room, please 可知说话者介意对方抽烟，故选D.
（2） “________, sir？” “No. Go ahead.”
A. May I use your dictionary
B. Do you mind if I use your bike
C. Would you mind opening the window
D. May I have a look at your new book
答案选B。注意答句中的 no 和 go ahead：no 表否定，否定 mind，即表示“不介意”，这与其后 go ahead 表示的同意刚好吻合。
3. “Haven’t seen you for ages！ Do you still work in Guangzhou？”
“_______. It’s two years since I worked there.”
A. Yes, I have B. Yes, I do
C. No, I haven‘t D. No, I don‘t
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。要做对此题，首先要正确理解 It‘s two years since I worked there 的意思。按英语习惯，since用作连词时，它所引导从句的谓语通常应是非延续性动词，若为延续性动词或状态动词，则它所表示的动作或状态的应是其完成或结束（而不是其开始）。如：
I haven‘t heard from him since he lived in Beijing.
正译：自从他离开北京以来，我一直未收到他的信。
误译：自从他住在北京以来，我一直未收到他的信。
He has never come to see me since I was ill.
正译：自我病愈以来他还没来看过我。
误译：自我生病以来他还没来看过我。
由此可见，上面一题中It‘s two years since I worked there 的实际意思是“我没在那儿工作已有两年了”。弄清此句的意思后，再结合上下文的语境，答案选D就不难理解了。
4. ―I?ve never found a better job.‖ ―_____.‖
A. I don‘t think so B. Too bad
C. Congratulations D. Don‘t worry
【陷阱】容易误选B或D，主要是将上文的意思理解错了，即将其理解为“我从来没找到一份好工作”。
【分析】最佳答案为 C。I‘ve never found a better job 的实际意思是“这是我所找到的最好的一份工作”，可视为 I’ve never found a better job than this job （我从来没有找到比这份工作更好的工作，即这是我所找到的最好的工作）省略。只要正确理解了这话的实际含义，答案选C也就不难理解了。请再看两题：
（1） “How do you like the food in this restaurant？” “Oh, _______. We couldn’t have found a better place.”
A. too bad B. sorry
C. wonderful D. impossible
答案选 C。We couldn’t have found a better place 的实际意思是“这是我们所能找到的最好的地方”，可视为 We couldn’t have found a better place than this place 之省略。
（2） “How do you like the food in this restaurant？” “Oh, _______. We couldn’t have found a worse place.”
A. too bad B. sorry
C. wonderful D. impossible
答案选 A。此题与上面一题仅差一词，即将 better 改成了 worse.We couldn’t have found a worse place 可视为 We couldn’t have found a worse place than this place 之略，其意是说“我们不能找到一个比这个地方更好糟的地方了”，言外之意，“这是最糟的地方”。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. “Could you do me a favour and take the box up to the six floor？” “_______.”
A. With pleasure B. My pleasure
C. No wonder D. No comment
2. ―It?s $500, but that is my last offer.‖ ―OK, it is a ________.‖
A. cost B. price
C. reward D. deal
3. ―I hear Johnson was badly injured in the accident.‖ ―_______ let?s go and see him.‖
A. What?s more B. If so
C. Where possible D. When necessary
4. “Will you go skiing with me this winter vacation？” “It ______.”
A. all depend B. all depends
C. is all depended D. is all depending
5. “Do you want to go to the movie, Jane？” “______. I feel like doing something different.”
A. Don‘t mention it B. I don‘t want it
C. I don‘t think so D. Not really
6. “Would you like me to show you the way？” “_______.”
A. That?s very kind of you. B. Yes, you could.
C. Good idea！ D. With great pleasure！
7. ―I prefer a computer made in your company, but I may need some more information about the product.‖ ―_______.‖
A. Thank you B. It?s a pleasure
C. You are welcome D. At your service
8. “Have a drink？” “No thanks, _____.”
A. I do mind B. I don‘t like it
C. Never mind D. I?d rather not
9. “We‘ve missed the train！” “_____, there’ll be another in ten minutes.”
A. All right B. Not at all
C. Never mind D. Don‘t mention it
10. “Would you mind telling her the news？” “_____, but I don’t know if I _____ her these days.”
A. Of course, shall see B. Of course not, see
C. Of course, see D. Of course not, shall see
11. “May I borrow your paper？” “ ______.”
A. By all means B. Never mind
C. You are welcome D. Don‘t mention it
12. He pushed his way through the crowd, saying ―_____.‖
A. Never mind B. With pleasure
C. Go ahead D. Excuse me
13. ―Here?s what you asked for.‖ ―______.‖
A. Many thanks B. Thank a lot
C. Thanks you D. Thank you a lot
14. “Can you spare me a few minutes now？” “______, but I‘ll be free this afternoon.”
A. No, I won‘t B. Yes, with pleasure
C. I?m not sure D. I‘m afraid not
15. “Would you like to turn that music down？ I‘m writing a letter.” “_____.”
A. No, I?d like to B. No, please
C. Yes, sorry. D. Yes, I?d like it.
16. ―You must find such long hours very tiring.‖ ―______. I enjoyed it.‖
A. After all B. Never mind
C. Not in the least D. That?s all right
17. “Would you take this along to the office for me？” “_____.”
A. That?s right B. With pleasure
C. Never mind D. Not at all
18. “Do you need any help with those heavy bags？” “No, thanks; _____.”
A. Never mind B. All right
C. I can manage D. You are welcome
19. ―Mr Smith is a kind person. I like to to work with him.‖ ―In fact, everyone _______.‖
A. is B. does
C. has D. likes
20. “At lunch time I‘d like to have a chat with you.” “Pardon, Have _____ with me？”
A. when B. who
C. which D. what
21. ―I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.‖ ―______. It was her fault.‖
A. No way B. Not possible
C. No chance D. Not at all
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选 A.with pleasure 的意思是“高兴地”、“乐意地”。注意不宜选B，my
pleasure 主要用于回答感谢，意为“这是我乐意做的事”、“不用客气”，也可说成 It‘s my pleasure 或 It’s a pleasure等。
2. 选D.It‘s a deal 的意思是“就这么办”、“一言为定”。
3. 选B.if so 为 if it is so 之略，意为“如果那样的话”。
4. 选B.It all depends 的意思是“那要看情况”，也可说成 That depends.
5. 选D.not really 表示否定，但语气较轻，意为“不很……”。
6. 选A.That‘s very kind of you 意为“你太好了”、“你真是太客气”，常用于感谢对方的友好提议。又如下面一题也选A：
“Can I get you a cup of coffee？” “______.”
A. That?s very nice of you B. With pleasure
C. You can, please D. Thank you for the tea
7. 选D.at your service 的意思是“随时为您服务”、“随时为您效劳”。
8. 选D.I‘d rather not 通常用于委婉地拒绝对方的邀请或提议。
9. 选C.never mind 表示安慰，意为“不要紧”、“没关系”。
10. 选D.第一空填 of course not，表示“不介意”；第二空要填 shall see，因为 if 引导的是宾语从句，而不是条件状语从句，所以不能用一般现在时表示将来。
11. 选A.by all means 表示同意，意为“完全可以”。
12. 选D.excuse me 用作从别人面前经过时的礼貌用语，又如：Excuse me, could I get past？ 对不起，让我过去好吗？
13. 选A.若选B，则应改为Thanks a lot；若选C，则应改为 Thank you 或 Thanks；若选D，则应改为 Thank you very much 之类的。换句话说，thank 用作动词时，它是及物的，其后应有宾语；用作名词时，它通常要用复数形式。另外注意，英语中虽然可说 Thanks a lot，但习惯上不说 Thank you a lot.
14. 选D.甲要乙现在抽出几分钟，而乙说要等下午才有空——也就是说，乙现在抽不出时间，所以选D最适合。
15. 选C.从上下文语境来看，一方因音乐声放得太大已对另一方（正在写信）造成影响，所以选C较恰当。
16. 选C.Not in the least 意为“一点也不”。注意联系下文的 I enjoyed it.
17. 选B，with pleasure 主要用于回答请求或邀请。
18. 选C.由句意推知。
19. 选B.does 相当于 likes to work with him.注意不能选D，因为 like 是及物动词。
20. 选D.答话人由于没有听清问话人的 chat 一词，故针对问话人的 have a chat with you，反问 have what with me？
21. 选 A.no way 的意思是“没门”。根据上下文的语境（尤其是It was her fault）可推知。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——介词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ―You went late _______ the stadium yesterday evening, didn‘t you?‖ ―Yes, my wife was a little late _______ the supper.‖
A. to, with
C. for, for B. for, with D. at, for
【陷阱】容易误选 B 或D。
【分析】答案应选 A。第一空填to 比较好理解，因为此处的late为副词，用以修饰
go to the stadium 中的动词go；而第二句的 with 则是许多同学不容易想到的，相反，更多地可能是想到 for，现将两者区别如下：be late for表示做某事迟到，而be late with 表示做某事做晚了(=be late in doing sth)。比较：
We were late for dinner. 我们吃饭迟到了。
We were late with dinner [=in having dinner]. 我们吃饭吃得迟。
句中 my wife was a little late with the supper 的意思是“我妻子准备晚饭稍迟了一点”。
2. We were all worried over _______ you were sick.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
【陷阱】容易误选 A 或 B。
【分析】答案应选 D。按英语习惯，除except, but 等极个别介词外，英语介词后通常不能直接跟 that 从句作宾语。遇此情况，通常是在 that 从句前加上 the fact，此时 the fact 用作介词宾语，而其后 that 从句则用作 the fact 的同位语。请看类似试题（答案选均D）：
(1) They knew nothing about ______ he was a thief.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(2) She must face up to _______ she is no longer young.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(3) What he said at the meeting referred to _______ he was interested in the project.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(4) Their belief is proved by the fact that the death penalty prevents murder.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
(5) The writer is not satisfied with _______ buses are too crowded.
A. that B. which
C. what D. the fact that
3. Sometimes our opinions differ _______ what we choose to observe and how we deal with what we‘ve observed
A. which
C. because B. since D. because of
【陷阱】容易误选C。因为按英语语法习惯，because是连词，其后接句子；而because of是复合介词，其后接名词、代词或动名词等。
【分析】此题答案选D。because 作为从属连词，主要用于引导原因状语从句，既然是引导一个从句，也就是说它的后面不能再连用“引导词”。如：
He was angry because we were late. 他很生气因为我们迟到了。
They can’t have gone out because the light is on. 他们不可能出去了，因为灯还亮着。
Bread is cheap in this supermarket because they bake it themselves.这家超市的面包是自制的，所以便宜。
假若，一个从句已经有了自己的“引导词”，那么它前面就不宜再用 because 这个连词了。如：
She got angry because of what you said. 她哭是因为你说的话。
句中的 what 相当于 the thing that，也就是说 what you said 相当于 the thing that you said。其中 the thing 用作 because of 的宾语，而that you said 为修饰 the thing 的定语从句。
He lost his job because of how he treated his boss. 他因为对老板的态度(不好)而丢了工作。
句中的 how 相当于 the way in which，也就是说 how he treated his boss相当于 the way in which he treated his boss。其中 the way 用作 because of 的宾语，而in which he treated his boss 为修饰 the way 的定语从句。
4. ―How long have you been an actor?‖ ―_______ 1995, when I graduated from college.‖
A. After
C. From B. In D. Since
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为D。若仅从答句来看，四个答案都说得过去。但若结合问句的语境以答案应选D，因为其余三选项填入空格均不能回答问句所提出的问题。比较： “When did you became an actor?‖ ―_______ 1995, when I graduated from college.‖
A. After
C. From B. In D. Since
此题选B，因为问句问的是when(何时)，所以用 in 1995 来回答便顺理成章。 请再看两题：
(1) ―How long have you worked on the farm?‖ ―____ the end of last year.‖
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案选D，用 since the end of last year 回答 how long，即问句问“工作了多久”，答句说“自去年年底至今”。
(2) ―How long will you work on the farm?‖ ―____ the end of next year.‖
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案选B，问句问“将工作多久”，答句说“工作明年明底”。
(3) ―When did you leave the farm?‖ ―____ the end of last year.‖
A. In B. By
C. At D. Since
答案选C，问句问“何时离开”，答句说“去年明底离开”。
5. Don‘t be angry _______ me for not having written. I was really too busy.
A. about
C. to D. for
【陷阱】容易误选B。根据汉语的“对某人生气”，将其中的“对”直译为to。
【分析】最佳答案为 B。按英语习惯，要表示对某人生气，通常用 be angry with [at] sb，要表示对某事生气，通常用 be angry at [about] sth(在美国英语中也用 be angry with sth，但不说 be angry with sb)。比较以下表达，其中的“对”也不用to来翻译： 你对这些安排感到满意吗?
误：Did you feel satisfied to the arrangements?
正：Did you feel satisfied with the arrangements?
老师应该对他的学生严格要求。
误：Teachers should be strict to their students.
正：Teachers should be strict with their students.
6. In those days, we had no phones, so we have to keep in touch _____ writing often.
A. with B. of
C. on D. by B. with
【陷阱】容易误选A。根据 keep in touch with (与……保持联系)这一常用搭配推出。
【分析】正确答案是D。by 在这里表示方式，by writing 意为“通过写信”，全句意为“我们通过经常写信保持联系”。请再看几例(均与介词搭配有关)：
(1) We‘ve talked a lot _______ films. How _____ television now?
A. of, with B. with, towards
D. for, about C. about, about
此题不要受 a lot of的影响而误选A。若第一空选 of，a lot of cars 即为动词 talk 的宾语，但实际上动词 talk 是不及物动词，不能后接宾语。最佳答案应是C，句中的a lot是修饰动词 talked 的状语，talk about才是一个动词短语。 全句意为“我们对电影已谈了不少，现在谈谈电视怎么样?” What about…意为“……怎么样”，用于征求意见。
(2) We all regarded the poor old man ____sympathy.
A. as B. with
C. of D. by
有的同学一看到句中的 regard 和选项中的 as，马上就联想到 regard … as … (把……当作……)这一搭配，从而断定此题应选A。但是错了，原因是将此搭配套入原句，句子意思不通。正确答案是B，句意为“我们大家都很同情这位老人”。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. So far, several ships have been reported missing _______ the coast of Bermuda Island.
A. off B. along
C. on D. around
2. ―How long have you stayed in this hotel?‖ ―Not long, just ______ this Monday.‖
A. on B. since
C. until D. after
3. The lift in that tall building went wrong and got trapped _____ floors. People in it had no way to get out.
A. in B. between
C. among D. on
4. ―What a terrible rain we are having!‖ ―Yes. We are asked to pay more attention to the information about the rain ______ flood.‖
A. as well as B. so long as
C. because of D. in case of
5. _____ their inexperience, they‘ve done a good job.
A. Given B. Supposed
C. Considered D. Concluded
6. They promise that the work would all be finished _____ next week.
A. until B. in
C. by D. to
7. _______ reading the letter, what has he done?
A. Because of B. Except
C. Besides D. But for
8. ―How did the robber get in?‖ ―______ an open window on the first floor.‖
A. Past B. From
C. Over D. Through
9. She knew nothing about his journey _______ he was likely to be away for three months.
A. Except B. except for
C. except that D. in addition
9. 选 C。在四个选项中，只有except that 后可接句子。
10. He usually goes to work by bike _______ it rains.
A .except B. except when
C. except for D. except that
11. I found the island a wonderful place for our experiments _______ the hot weather.
A. besides
C. except B. except for D. except that
12. ______ the weather, we had a pleasant time.
A. Except B. Except for
C. But D. Besides
13. He always did well at school ______ having to do part-time jobs every now and then.
A. in spite of B. instead of
C. in case of D. in favor of
14. As it was almost time for the flight, all the passengers got ______ the plane.
A. around
C. aboard
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选A。off 用作介词时可表示距离，此时尤其用于指距离某一大路或靠近某海面。又如：
Our house is about 20 meters off the main road. 我们家离大路大约有20米远。 The ship anchored a mile off the coast. 轮船抛锚停泊在离海岸1英里的地方。
2. 选B。此答句为省略句，补充完整为：I’ve stayed in this hotel since this Monday.
3. 选 B。between floors 指在两层楼之间。类例地，以下各例也选between： Don‘t eat anything ______ meals if you want to lose weight.
4. 选D。复合介词in case of有两个意思，一是表示条件，意为“如果”；二是表示目的，意为“以防”。如：
In case of fire, call 119. 万一失火，就打119电话。
Take an umbrella with you in case of rain. 带把雨伞，以防下雨。
5. 选A，given 在此用作介词，意为“考虑到”。又如：Given the low price, I decided to buy it. 考虑到价格很低，我决定把它买下。
6. 选C，by 意为“最迟到……之前，到……的时候已经”。类例地，下面一题也选by： The train leaves at 6:00 p.m. So I have to be at the station _______5:40 p.m. at the latest.
A. until B. after
C. around D. by B. abroad D. ahead
7. 选C。besides 意为“除……之外，还”。又如：
He has another car besides this. 除了这辆车外，他还有一辆。
Besides being a teacher, he was a poet. 除了是位教师外，他还是位诗人。
Did he do anything besides hitting you? 除了打你之外，他还有没有别的什么举动?
8. 选D。through 意为“穿过，贯穿，经过，透过”。又如：
The train ran through the tunnel. 火车穿过隧道。
I saw you through the window. 我是透过窗子看到你的。
9. 选 C。在四个选项中，只有except that 后可接句子。
10. 选B。except when 和 except that 后均可接句子，但前者含“当……的时候”的意思，而后者则没有这个意思。
11. 选B。except 与 except for的区别是：前者主要用来谈论同类的东西；后者主要用来谈论不同类的东西，在说明情况后作细节上的修正，有时含有惋惜之意。
12. 选B，except 和 except for 均可表示排除，但若是表示谈论不同类的对象，通常用 except for。另外，except 通常不用于句首。
13. 选A。比较：in spite of=虽然，尽管…仍；instead of=代替，取而代之；in case of=假设，万一；in favour of=赞同，有利于。
14. 选C。aboard 用作介词时意思“在(船、飞机、车)上”、“上(船、飞机、车)”。 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——连词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. I‘m sorry, _____ I won‘t be able to come tonight.
A. forB. and
C. butD. then
【陷阱】容易误选A，因为空格后的句子是用以说明 I’m sorry 的原因的，所以便想当然地认为要选for来表示原因。
【分析】事实上，I’m sorry 后习惯上不接表示原因的连词 for，而接表示转折的连词 but（也可省略 but），用以委婉地提出一个使对方不快的事实。又如： Oh, sorry, but she’s out. 哦，不好意思，她出去了。
I’m sorry, but I have to disagree. 对不起，我不敢苟同。
I’m sorry, but I have already had another appointment. 对不起，我已经有约会了。
注：I’m sorry 后虽然不能接表原因的连词for，但却可接介词 for.如：
I’m sorry for shouting at you. 对不起冲你嚷嚷了。
I am sorry for what I said to you. 我后悔不该对你讲那些话。
2. The point is not who said the words, _____ they are true or not.
A. but whether B. and whether
C. but how D. and how
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案为A.此题涉及两个搭配：一是 not … but …（不是……而是……），二是 whether … or not （是否）。请看类例：
He was not an actor, who often appeared on stage, _____ a writer, writing stories.
A. but B. and
C. then D. so
答案选A，主要考查 not … but … 结构。
3. Just because they make more money than I do, _____ they seem to look down on me.
A. so B. and
C. but D. 不填
【陷阱】但容易误选A，将汉语的“因为……所以……”直译为 because … so …。
【分析】此题正确答案为D，但是按英语语法，because 为从属连词，用以引导原因状语从句，它表明整个句子为复合句；而 so 在表示“所以”时，它是并列连词，用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词 because，又用了并列连词 so，使得该句一半像复合句，一半像并列句，从而导致错误。正确的做法是，任意去掉 because 和 so 中的一个，使之要么成为复合句，要么成为并列句。
4. Although he had only entered the contest for fun, _____ he won first prize.
A. but B. and
C. even D. 不填
【陷阱】容易误选A，将汉语的“虽然……但是……”直译为 although … but …。
【分析】正确答案选D.按英语语法，although 为从属连词，用以引导让步状语从句，它表明整个句子为复合句；而 but 在表示“但是”时，它是并列连词，用以连接两个简单句使之成为并列句。由于在同一句中既用了从属连词 although，又用了并列连词 but ，使得该句一半像复合句，一半像并列句，从而导致错误。正确的做法是，任意去掉 although 和 but 中的一个，使之要么成为复合句，要么成为并列句。其实，此题与上面一题的分析思路是一样的。这里顺便说一句，许多同学（包括许多老师和教学参考书）为了便于记忆，将此题与上面一题的知识点简单地归纳为“按英语习惯，because和so不可连用，although 与 but 不可连用”。这种说法在通常情况下无疑是对的，也是有效的，但同学们一定要在明白以上道理的情况下来使用此规则，如果只是死记该规则，有时遇到一些语言特例仍然会出错。如：
But I didn’t know that then, although I learned it later. 但我当时的确不知道此事，尽管后来我还是知道了。
此句既用了并列连词 but，又用了从属连词 although，但它并未造成错误，原因是此句与上面所讨论的情形有所不同，即此句 but 用于 although 之前，but 在此仅起到与上文转折的作用，but 后的 I didn’t know that then, although I learned it later. 仍为一个复合句。
I tried doing the accounts, but although I knew some maths I found it very difficult. 我试着算这些账，但尽管我懂点数学，仍感到很困难。
此句将 but 与 although 用在一起，但此句也没有错误。该句从总体来看，它是一个以并列连词 but 连接的并列句，而在该并列句的后面一句又是一个包含让步状语从句 although I knew some maths 的复合句——这种句型就是所谓的并列复合句。此句也可改写为 I tried doing the accounts, but I found it very difficult although I knew some maths.
5. When the last prize had been awarded _____ everybody cleared off.
A. and B. so
C. or D. 不填
【陷阱】容易想当然地误选A.
【分析】句首 when 引导的是一个时间状语从句，它暗示整个句子为复合句；而so, and, or 为并列连词，无论选哪一个，都表明整个句子为并列句，从而导致前后矛盾，所以A、B、C均不能选择。此题正确答案选D，everybody cleared off 为整个复合句的主句。请看类似例子：
（1） If wishes were horses, _____ beggars would ride.
A. and B. so
C. or D. 不填
（2） If I’m mistaken, _____ you are mistaken too.
A. so B. and
C. or D. 不填
（3） Just before I left London, _____ I sent him a telegram.
A. and B. so
C. or D. 不填
（4） After they had each said a few words, _____ Lloyd George took the floor.
A. and B. so
C. or D. 不填
答案均选D，空格前分别为 if, when, before, after 引导的状语从句，空格后为整个复合句的主句。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. “Shall we stop for lunch _____ shall we drive on？” “Let’s stop for lunch, but the driver can’t drink _____ drive.”
A. and, and B. or, or
C. and, or D. or, and
2. “_____ when does the pub stay open？” “About midnight.”
A. SinceB. Before
C. UntilD. After
3. “Would you like tea _____ coffee？” “_____, thanks.”
A. or, No B. and, Either
C. or, Neither D. and, Each
4. He imagines that people don‘t like him, _____ they do.
A. and B. then
C. so D. but
5. I firmly believe _____ he said at the meeting was right.
A. that B. which
C. that what D. what that
6. Will you deliver, _____ do I have to come to the shop to collect the goods？
A. and B. or
C. so D. then
7. It shocked me to see ______ my neighbors treated their children.
A. why B. whether
C. how D. since
8. _____ the government agrees to give extra money , the theatre will have to close.
A. Until B. Unless
C. Since D. While
9. We were just about ready to leave _____ it started to snow.
A. when B. before
C. after D. since
10. —I don‘t like chicken _______ fish.
—I don‘t like chicken, _______ I like fish very much.
A. and, andB. and, but
C. or, butD. or, and
11. —Would you like to come to dinner tonight？
—I‘d like to, ___ I‘m too busy.
A. and B. so
C. asD. but
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D，第一空填 or，表选择；第二空填 and，can’t drink and drive 指不能同时既喝酒又开车，即不能酒后开车。
2. 选C，句意为“这家酒店开门到什么？（或这家酒店什么时候关门？）”
3. 选C，选项A用No来回答选择疑问句，不妥；选项B用 and 连接 tea 与 coffee，说明问句并非提供选择，而答语却用了 either 这样表选择性的词语，也不妥；选项D与语境不符。高
4. 选D，前后意思转折，故选 but.注：but they do = but they like him.
5. 选C，that 为引导宾语从句的连词，在 that what he said at the meeting was right 这一宾语从句中，又包含有what he said at the meeting 这一主语从句，而在该主语从句中，what用作动词 said 的宾语。
6. 选B，or 表选择。
7. 选C.how 修饰谓语动词 treated.
8. 选B，从句意推知。
9. 选A，when 在此用作并列连词，意为“这时（突然）”。
10. 选C.第一空填 or，在否定词后用or，表示否定两者；第二空填but，表示转折。
11. 选D.but表转折，符合语意。而表并列的and, 结果的so，原因的as都不符合句意。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. I found her sitting in the corner, reading _____ newspaper, with _____ in her eyes.
A. a, tear
C. a, tears B. a piece of, tears D. a piece of, tear
【陷阱】误选D，许多学生错误地认为，既然news(消息)和 paper(纸)均为不可数名词，那么newspaper(报纸)也应是不可数的；同时认为“眼泪”即“泪水”，“水”不可数，“泪水”和“眼泪”也应该不可数。
【分析】最佳答案为C。newspaper和 tear均为可数名词，它们不仅可以连用不定冠词、可以用复数，而且还可以连用数词。
Her eyes filled with tears. 她热泪盈眶。
She dried her tears with a handkerchief. 她用手帕擦干了眼泪。
The newspapers were full of lies. 报纸上一片谎言。
A newspaper is a publication. 报纸是一种出版物。
顺便说一句，若不是将 newspaper 当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西，而只是把它当成一种“纸”来看待，也可用作不可数名词，如：
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 把它用张报纸包起来。
2. Her father works as a ______ in a hotel and her mother a ______ in a private company.
A. cooker, typewriter B. cook, typist
C. cooker, typist D. cook, typewriter
【陷阱】误选A，许多同学想当然地认为：cook 用作动词，表示“煮饭”，所以 cooker 应是其相应的名词，表示“煮饭的人”，即“厨师”；type 用作动词，表示“打字”，所以 typewriter 应表示“打字员”。
【分析】而事实是：cook=厨师，cooker=炊具；typist=打字员，typewriter=打字机。即此题正确答案为B。
3. ―Why couldn‘t they meet us at five o‘clock?‖ ―Because they were delayed by ________.‖
A. heavy traffic
C. crowded traffic B. heavy traffics D. crowded traffics
【陷阱】B、C、D三项均容易误选。
【分析】对于此题，首先要明确traffic为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故排除B和D。另外，汉语习惯说“交通拥挤”，而英语习惯上却不能用crowded 来修饰 traffic，要表示汉语的“交通拥挤”，英语通常说heavy traffic，即选A。如下面一题也是选A： She is not a competent driver and can‘t cope with driving in _______.
A. heavy traffic
C. crowded traffic B. heavy traffics D. crowded traffics
4. In fact, _______ one cause that leads to the problem.
A. cattle is B. cattle are
C. cattles are D. the cattles are
【陷阱】此题容易误选A，想当然地认为cattle是单数，并且空格有表单数的one，自然谓语动词用is。
【陷阱】其实，正确答案为B。cattle(牲畜，牛)为集合名词，尽管它不带复数词尾-s，却永远表示复数意义，若用作主语，谓语要用复数。又如：
For this many cattle were killed. 为此宰了不少牲畜。
The prisoners were herded like cattle. 囚犯像牲口一样被赶到一起。
类似地，police(警察)，people(人)，police(警察)，poultry(家禽)等也具有同样用法，即只有单数形式，但却表示复数意义；用作主语时谓语通常也用复数；不与 a(n) 连用，但可与the连用(表示总括意义和特指)。如：
The poultry have been fed. 家禽已经喂过饲料了。
In Britain police do not usually carry guns. 在英国警察通常不带枪。
It annoys me when people forget to say “thank you”. 遇到有人忘记道谢的时候，我就不痛快。
5. By all _______, you must try every _______ to help him.
A. mean, mean
C. means, mean B. means, means D. mean, means
【陷阱】误选C，认为第一空前有all修饰，故用means，而第二空前有every修饰，故用mean。
【分析】其实，means是一个单复数同形的名词，并且永远带有尾-s。换句话说，在表示“方式”、“方法”时，不存在mean这一形式(mean主要用作动词，表示“意思是”；也可用作名词，表示“中间”、“中庸”)。此题正确答案为C，by all
means为习语，意为“一定”、“尽一切办法”。顺便说一句，means用作主语时，其谓语的数需根据句意来确定。比较：
All possible means have been tried. 所有可能的办法都已经试过了。
Every possible means has been tried. 每种可能的办法都已经试过了。
若句意不能明确地表明主语的单复数，其谓语则用单数或复数均可。如：
Is [Are] there any other means of getting more money? 还有其他什么办法可弄到更多钱吗?
6. Jim is ______ person, and everyone is willing to be ______ with him.
A. so kind a, friends B. so a kind, friends
C. so kind a, friend D. so a kind, friend
【陷阱】误选C或D。认为 friend要用单数。
【分析】其实此题最佳答案为A。so kind a person相当于such a kind person，注意两者中冠词的位置不同。be friends with是习语，意为“与……友好”、“跟……做朋友”，与之同义的类似地还有make friends with。值得说明的是，这类短语中的名词总是用复数，即使句子主语为单数也是如此。如：
He is friends with me. 他与我是朋友。
He has made friends with everyone here. 他与这儿的每个人交上了朋友。
7. We already have ______ pencils, but we need two ______ pens.
A. dozen of, dozen B. dozens of, dozens
C. dozens of, dozen D. dozens of, dozen of
【陷阱】误选 B。
【分析】此题最佳答案为C。关于dozen的复数是否加词尾-s的问题比较复杂，大致原则是：
(1) 当它与具体数字连用时，既不加复数词尾-s，也不后接介词of。尽管有的词书也有 two dozen of 这样的用例，但这已属过时用法，在考试中应避免，如19xx年全国高考有一道单项选择题就认为two dozen of为错误选项：
Shortly after the accident, _____ police were sent to the spot to keep order.
A. dozens of B. dozens C. dozen of D. dozen [D]
(2) 当它不与具体数字连用，而是表示不确定的泛指数时，则不仅要加复数词尾-s，而且要后接介词 of，此时可将dozens of(许多，几十)视为习语。如：
I’ve been there dozens of times. 我去过那儿几十次。
She’s got dozens of boy-friends. 她的男朋友很多。
下面一例中的dozens加了复数词尾-s也属为似情况：
Pack them in dozens. 按打装袋吧。
(3) 当与 a few, several 等数目不很具体的词连用时，加不加复数词尾-s均可，但需注意：不加复数词尾-s时，其后的介词of可以省略；加词尾-s时，其后介词 of不能省略。如：
several dozen (of) pencils=several dozens of pencils几打铅笔
注：英语较少使用many dozen的说法，要表示类似意思可用dozens of。
(4) 当它后面的名词受 the, these, those 等特指限定词修饰时，或其后的接的是us, them这样的人称代词时，则此时必须用介词 of。如：
two dozen of these eggs 两打这种鸡蛋
three dozen of them 它们中的3打
注：score, hundred, thousand, million等也具有以上类似用法。
8. She raised her finger to her lips as _____ for silence.
A. an idea
C. a sign B. a mark D. a word
【陷阱】容易误选B。
【分析】应选C，sign与mark的区别是：sign 的意思是“迹象”、“征兆”gesture or movement made with the hand, head, etc, used to give information, a command, etc(用手或头等做出示意动作以传递信息或命令等)，mark 的意思是 written or printed symbol or figure, line etc made as signor an indication of sth(书写与印刷的符号或图、线等记号)。根据此二词的语义区别以及常识可知答案为C。类似地，下面两题的答案也是C：
(1) Those black clouds are a sure _____ that it‘s going to rain.
A. thing
C. sign D. one
(2) Just as a famous Chinese saying goes, a timely heavy snow is a ______ of good harvest next year.
A. mark B. track B. mark
C. sign D. appearance
但是，下面一题却不能选sign，也不能选mark，而选symbol(象征)：
The lion is considered the king of the forest as it is a(n) _____ of courage and power.
A. example
C. mark B. sign D. symbol
顺便说一句，在近几年的高考中像这类结合词义区别以及语境和生活常识进行考查的试题经常出现，同学们需引起注意。
9. ―May I take your order now?‖ ―We‘d like three black _______ and two green _______.‖
A. coffee, cups of teas B. coffees, teas
C. cups of coffee, tea D. cup of coffees, teas
【陷阱】误选C，认为coffee和tea均为不可数名词，不能后加复数词尾-s，从而排除选项A、B、D。
【分析】选B。有的同学认为 coffee 和tea是物质名词，不可数，不能用 three
coffees, two teas 这样的表达。其实，coffee既可用作不可数名词，表示“咖啡”这种物质，也可用作可数名词，表示“一杯咖啡”，即在口语中 three coffees 就等于 three cups of coffee。同样，“三杯茶”既可说成 three cups of tea，也可说成 three teas；“三杯啤酒”既可说成 three glasses of beer，也可说成 three beers。
10. _____ is a good form of exercise for both young and old.
A. Walk
C. The walk B. Walking D. To walk
【陷阱】容易误选A或D。
【分析】最佳答案为B。分析如下：
(1) 首先，选项D不如选项B佳，因为，不定式通常表示特定的动作，而动名词才表示习惯性的动作。
(2) 尽管walk用作名词时可以表示“散步”，但它是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的散步，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“散步”，要表示此义，要用动名词 walking。比较：
How about going for a walk? 出去散散步如何?
Walking does good to your health. 散步对你的健康有益。
类似地，dance 和 dancing 以及 swim 和 swimming 的区别也是一样：
(1) 名词的 dance表示“跳舞”，是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的跳舞，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“跳舞”，要表示后者的意思，要用动名词转化来的名词 dancing。比较：
Let’s have a dance. 我们跳曲舞吧。
He is interested in dancing. 他对跳舞感兴趣。
(2) 名词的 swim表示“游泳”，是可数名词，指的是一次一次的具体的游泳，而不表示抽象意义或泛指意义的“游泳”，要表示后者的意思，要用动名词转化来的名词 swimming。比较：
She had a swim every day. 她每天游一会儿泳。
She loves swimming. 她喜欢游泳。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Ten years had passed. I found she had _______.
A. a few white hairs B. a little white hair
C. some white hair D. more fifty hair
2.—Hi, this way, please.
—OK.I sometimes have no sense of ______ when I arrive at the crossroad.
A. position
C. situation B. direction D. condition
3. Shelly had prepared carefully for her English examination so that she could be sure of passing it on her first ________.
A. intention
C. purpose B. attempt D. desire
4. I didn‘t have to work all weekend — I did it by _______.
A. chance
C. accident B. choice D. myself
5. ―Did you get _____ to the party?‖ ―Yes, I replied to it this morning.‖
A. an answer B. an invitation
C. a question D. a letter
6. I paid him ￡50 for the painting, but its true ______ must be at least ￡500.
A. price
C. value B. money D. importance
7. His letter was so confusing that I could hardly make any ______ of it.
A. explanation B. meaning
C. sense D. guess
8. You‘ve just missed your ______, and you will have to wait for the next round.
A. chance B. turn
C. time D. part
9. —Li Lin is very bright and studies hard as well.
—It‘s no ______ he always gets the first place in any examination.
A. question
C. problem B. doubt D. wonder
10. —How can I use this washing machine?
—Well, just refer to the _______.
A. explanations
C. introductions B. expressions D. directions
11. Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.
A. rooms number
C. room‘s numbers B. room number D. room numbers
12. —Hello, I‘d like to speak to Henry.
—Oh, which _______? There are two ______ in our office.
A. Henrys, Henrys B. Henries, Henries
C. Henry, Henrys D. Henrys, Henries
13. Electricity, like other forms of ______, has greatly increased in price in recent years.
A. pressure
C. strength B. force D. energy
14. In order to learn the _______ of the family business, Bill took a job as messenger boy in one of the offices.
A. ins and outs
C. heads and tails B. dos and don‘ts D. t‘s and i‘s
15. —I‘ve got an ―A‖ in the examination.
—That‘s a good ______. You will surely win a second.
A. result B. news
C. start D. idea
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选A。hair 可用作可数或不可数名词，用作可数名词时，指一根一根的毛发或头发，如说 There’s a hair in my soup (我的汤里有根头发)；用作不可数名词时，则是整体地指一个人的头发。
2. 选B。需根据句意来分析。have no sense of direction 意为“没有方向感”。
3. 选B。需根据句意来分析。attempt 在此表示“尝试”。
4. 选B，由于上文说 didn’t have to work，所以下文相应的语境应是 did it by choice。类似地，下面一题应选D，也是因为choice与下文的have to do it 相呼应：
Were you given a _____, or did you have to do it?
A. job B. duty
C. request D. choice
5. 选 B。注意其后的 to the party 和 replied to it。
6. 选C。value 指“价值”。
7. 选C。make sense of 意为“明白”、“理解”。比较：make sense 意为“有意义”、“意思清楚”、“有道理”。如下面一题选D：
What he told us about the situation simply doesn‘t make any ______.
A. use B. reason
C. value D. sense
8. 选B。miss one’s turn 电为“错过机会”，注意下文的 …have to wait for the next round 所表示的语境。
9. 选D。it’s no wonder (+that从句)的意思是“难怪”，也可说成 No wonder (+that从句)。
10. 选D。directions 的意思是“使用说明”，空格前的 refer to 意为“查看”、“参考”。
11. 选D。room 为无生命名词，不用 room’s 这样的所有格形式，在此可直接用名词作定语。类似地，下面一题要选B，也是一样的道理（名词作定语通常用单数不用复数）：
The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.
A. shoes shop B. shoe shop C. shoes‘s shop D. shoe‘s
12. 选C。在通常情况下，专有名词具有“独一无二”性，因此它通常没有复数形式，即不可数。但是，专有名词的独一无二性有时是相对的，随着范围的扩大，这种独一无二性便会受到破坏。如在一个星期(week)内，只有一个星期六(Saturday), 一个星期日(Sunday)等，但是在一个月中甚至一年中，便有多个星期六，多个星期日了。所以我们有时可以说：We have spent many happy Sundays there. 我们在那儿度过了许多个愉快的星期日。另外一点值得注意的是，与一般的名词单数变复数不同，以“辅音字母+y”结尾的专有名词，其直接加词尾-s，而不将y改为i。
13. 选D。从常识来考虑，electricity 属于 energy，结合全句的语境，只有D最合适。同样地，下面一题从常识和语境来考虑也应选D：
(1) Some countries are increasing their use of natural gas, and other forms of ______.
A. source
C. power B. material D. energy
(2) The ______ has become extremely tense. A war could break out any time between the two sides.
A. pollution
C. condition B. friendship D. situation
14. 选A。ins and outs 意为“细节”，dos and don’ts 意为“注意事项”，heads or tails 为掷钱币打赌时用语，意为“你赌正面还是赌反面”，p’s and q’s主要用于 mind one’s p’s and q’s，意为“留意自己的言行”。结合句意，选A最合适。
15. 选C。从语法上看，news 不可选，因为它不可数；从意义上看，D不可选，因为选D意思不通；比较A和C，选C最合适，因为 start与下文的 a second 相吻合。 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——名词性从句
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. She was so angry and spoke so fast that none of us understood _______ he said meant.
A. that B. what
C. that that D. what what
【陷阱】可能误选B.许多同学一看选项首先就排除了C和D，认为这样两个“引导词”叠用的情况不太可能。在A和B两个选项中，选项A肯定不行，因为它引导宾语从句时不能充当句子成分，所以便选择了B.
【分析】正确答案选 D.第一个what 用作动词 meant 的宾语，第二个what 用作动词 said 的宾语，即在 none of us understood what what he said meant 中，none of us understood 为主句，what what he said meant 为宾语从句，而在此宾语从句中又包括有 what he said 这样一个主语从句。
2. After _______ had happened he could not continue to work there.
A. which B. how
C. what D. having
【陷阱】可能误选A.
【分析】最佳答案选 C.有的同学误选A，是因为认为介词后应接关系代词 which，但实际上，若填关系代词，其前没有先行词，这根据不是一个定语从句。另外，由于 had happened 缺主语，所以B和D也不能选。请再做下面一题（答案选B）： He pointed to ______ looked like a tomb and said, ―Ghost.‖
A. that B. what
C. which D. as
3.“Is ______ you want to say？” asked the teacher.
A. this B. that
C. all that D. that all
【陷阱】根据中文字面意思误选A或B.
【分析】最佳答案选 D.假若选A或B，那么转换成陈述句即为：This is you want to say. / That is you want to say. 显然句中的两个谓语动词 is与want相冲突。选D组成的句子是 Is that all you want to say？ 其中的that 为句子主语，all 为表语，you want to say 为定语从句，用以修饰all.
4. “When ______ leave for Japan？” “When ______ leave for Japan is kept secret.”
A. they will, will they B. will they, they will
C. they will, they will D. will they, will they
【陷阱】可能误选D，认为 when 后应用疑问句词序。
【分析】最佳答案选 B.第一个when引出的是一个特殊疑问句，故用疑问词序；第二个 when 引出的是主语从句，故其后用陈述句词序。请做以下试题（答案选C）：
（1） None knows if _______ that boy, but if _______ him, her parents will be disappointed.
A. she will marry, she will marry B. she marries, she marries
C. she will marry, she marries D. she marries, she will marry
（2） “Where _______ go to work？” “Where _______ go to work is not known.”
A. we shall, we shall B. shall we, shall we
C. shall we, we shall D. we shall, shall we
5. Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see ______.
A. who is he B. who he is
C. who is it D. who it is
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D.首先可以排除A和C，因为空格处实为一个宾语从句，所以不能用疑问句词序。另一方面，但按英语习惯，当用于指代身份不明的人时，要用代词it，而不用 he 或she等。比较以下两句：
Mr Smith is at the door. He wants to see you. 史密斯先生在门口，他想见你。 Someone is at the door. It may be the postman. 有个人在门口，可能是邮递员。 第一句因前面指明了是 Mr Smith，所以后面用代词 he；而第二句因前面用的是不定代词 someone，说明此人身份尚不明确，故其后用了代词 it 来指代。
6. Don’t you know, my dear friend, ______ it is your money not you that she loves？
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
【陷阱】此题容易误选 A或B：选 A 的同学认为这是指人的，故用who；选B的同学认为这是非限制性定语从句，两者都是误认为这是定语从句（注意没有先行词）。
【分析】其实答案应选C.that引导的是一个宾语从句，用作动词 know 的宾语，它只是被句中的插入语 my dear friend 隔开罢了。请做以下试题（答案均为C）：
（1） Everyone knows, perhaps except you, _______ your girl-friend is a cheat.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
（2） I think, though I could be mistaken, ______ she liked me.
A. who B. which
C. that D. what
（3） He told me the news, believe it or not, ______ he had earned $1 000 in a single day.
A. that B. which
C. as D. because
前面两题 that 引导宾语从句，后面一题 that同位语从句（修饰the news）。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. They lost their way in the forest, and _______ made matters worse was that night began to fall.
A. it B. which
C. that D. what
2. Patience is a kind of quality — and that is ___A___ it takes to do anything well.
A. what B. which
C. which D. how
3. It has come to my notice _______ some of you have missed classes.
A. what B. which
C. that D. when
4. “What were you trying to prove to the police？” “___ I was last night.”
A. That B. When
C. Where D. What
5. Country life gives him peace and quiet, which is ______ he can‘t enjoy while living in big cities.
A. that B. why
C. where D. what
6. It is pretty well understood _______ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.
A. that B. when
C. what D. how
7. _______ she couldn‘t understand was ______ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons.
A. What; why B. That; what
C. What; because D. Why; that
8. _______ we are doing has never been done before.
A. That B. What
C. Which D. Whether
9. People have heard _______ the President has said; they are waiting to see _______ he will do.
A. how, how B. what, what
C. when, how D. that, what
10. When you answer questions in a job interview, please remember the golden rule： Always give the monkey exactly _______ he wants.
A. what B. which
C. when D. that
11. These wild flowers are so special I would do _______ I can to save them.
A. whatever B. that
C. which D. whichever
12. _______ she was invited to the ball made her very happy.
A. What B. That
C. When D. Because
13. Eat ______ cake you like and leave the others for ______ comes in late.
A. any, whoB. every, whoever
C. whichever, whoeverD. either, whoever
14. I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella. _______ I got wet through.
A. It‘s the reasonB. That‘s why
C. There‘s whyD. That‘s because
15. ____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising.
A. WhoB. The one
C. Anyone D. Whoever
16. _______ medicine works in a human body is a question _______ not everyone can understand fully.
A. How; thatB. That; which
C. That; whichD. What; that
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选D.what made matters worse 是主语从句（注意其后有谓语动词was），相当于 the thing that made matters worse.
2. 选A.what 引导的是表语从句，相当于 the thing that it takes to do anything well.
3. 选C.that 引导的是一个主语从句，句首的it为形式主语。
4. 选 C.答句为省略句，其完整形式为 I was trying to prove to the police where I was last night，在此 where 引导的是一个宾语从句。类似地，下面选 C：
“_______ made her struggle to become an artist so hard？” “______ she was a woman.”
A. What, What B. That, That
C. What, That D. That, What
5. 选D.what 引导的是表语从句，what 在此相当于 the things that.
6. 选 C.句首的 it 是形式主语，空格处所填词用于引导主语从句。由于该主语从句中又缺主语，故排除A、B、D.（注意：不能选 A，因为 that 引导名词性从句时不能充当句子成分）
7. 选 A.第一空填 what，是因为该主语从句中的动词 understand 缺宾语；why 和 because 均可引导表语从句，其区别是： why 引导表语从句强调结果，because 引导表语从句强调原因。句中空格后文表明的是结果，故用 why.
8. B.what 在此引导主语从句且在从句作宾语，它相当于 the thing that.
9. B.两空均填 what，均用于引导宾语从句，因为两个宾语从句中的动词 said 和do 均缺宾语，而在各个选项中只有 what 可用作宾语。
10. 选 A.what 引导宾语从句。由于动词 wants 缺宾语，所以填 what.句意是：当你找工作面试回答问题时，请记住这条黄金定律：永远给予对方确实想要的东西。
11. 选 A.I can to save them 为 I can do to save them 之略，此句中的 do 缺宾语，故选 whatever.
12. 选 B.that 在此引导主语从句，无词义，也不充当句子成分。注意不要根据中文意思选 D，因为 because 不用于引导主语从句。
13. 选 C.两个空格处均为引导宾语从句的引导词，而四个选项中两者可引导宾语从句的只有 C.
14. 选 B.比较 That’s why… 与 That’s because…：前者用于强调结果，后者用于强调原因。如下面一题选 D：
I got wet all through. _______ I had neither a raincoat nor an umbrella.
A. It‘s the reason B. That‘s why
C. There‘s why D. That‘s because
15. 选 D.由 is worth praising 这一谓语可知前面是主语从句，排除不能引导从句的
B 项和 C 项；whoever 引导主语从句表示“任何……的人”，在此它相当于 anyone who.
16. 选 A.how 引导主语从句，that 引导同位语从句。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——强调句
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ____ that caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
A. It was we being late B. It was our being late
C. It was we were too late D. It was because we were late
【陷阱】此题容易误选D，认为强调的是原因状语从句 because we were late.
【分析】但实际上，此题的答案为B，强调的是句子主语 our being late，此题若还原成非强调句，即为：
Our being late caused him to serve dinner an hour later than usual.
注意，强调句的一个显著特点是，若去掉强调结构 it is [was]… that…，句子仍然成立；换句话说，该结构中的 that 不能充当句子成分。
2. “How was ______ they discovered the entrance to the underground palace？” “Totally by chance.”
A. it that B. he that
C. it when D. he which
【陷阱】几个干扰项均可能误选。
【分析】答案选A，为强调句的特殊疑问句形式，其相应的陈述句形式为： It was totally by chance that they discovered the entrance to the underground palace.
比较以下各题，它们也属强调句的特殊疑问句形式：
（1） Who was it _____ saved the drowning girl？
A. since B. as C. that D. he
答案选C，被强调成分为 who，该句实为类似 It was Tom that saved the drowning girl. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的Tom 提问而得）。
（2） What is it _____ his daughter needs most？
A. what B. which C. that D. if
答案选C，被强调成分为 what，该句实为类似 It is a bike that his daughter needs most. 这类强调句的特殊疑问句形式（即对其中的a bike 提问而得）。
3. _____ was very ______ that little Jim wrote the letter.
A. It, careful B. It, carefully
C. He, careful D. He, carefully
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，但最有可能误选的可能是A，认为这是一个普通的系表结构，即认为第二空要填形容词作表语。
【分析】其实，此题是一个强调句，其非强调形式为 Little Jim wrote the letter very carefully. 若用 it is … that… 的强调句式强调其中的状语 very carefully 即为上面一题的题干，所以答案应选B.请看下面几例，也属强调结构：
（1） It was when she was about to go to bed ______ the telephone rang.
A. since B. as C. that D. then
答案选C，被强调成分为 when she was about to go to bed 这一时间状语从句。
（2） It may have been at Christmas _____ John gave Mary a handbag.
A. before B. who C. that D. when
答案选C，被强调成分为 at Christmas，其中的动词 be 采用了 may have been 这一较为复杂的形式。
4. “Where did you find the professor who made the speech yesterday？” “It was in the hall ______ the students often have a meeting.”
A. where B. which
C. that D. when
【陷阱】很可能误选C，认为这是一个强调句，强调地点状语 in the hall.
【分析】假若选C，即有 It was in the hall that the students often have a meeting，该句的意思是“学生们通常是在大厅开会”，单独看这一句，无论是其意思还是其语法均未错，但若将其与上文联系起来看，则不通，因为上文的意思是“你是在哪儿找到昨天作报告的那位教授的？”假若将答句改为 It was in the hall that I found the professor，则完全可以。
其实，此题的最佳答案是A，where the students often have a meeting 为定语从句，用以修饰其前的名词 the hall，句意为“是在学生们经常开会的那个大厅（找到教授的）”，这样语意就通顺了。
5. It was what he meant rather than what he said ______ annoyed me.
A. which B. as
C. what D. that
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题为一个强调句型，空格处应填 that （即选D），被强调成分为 what he meant rather than what he said.句意为“让我生气的不是他说的话，而是他话中的意思”。请再看两例：
（1） It was his nervousness in the interview ______ probably lost him the job.
A. which B. since C. that D. what
答案选C，为强调句型，被强调成分为 his nervousness in the interview，句意为“很可能是面试时表现出紧张，使他失去了这份工作”。
（2） It is the ability to do the job ______ matters not where you come from or what you are.
A. one B. that C. what D. it
答案选B，为强调句型，被强调成分为 the ability to do the job，句意为“重要的是你做工作的能力，而不是你来自何地或你是从事什么工作的”。
6. It was in the small house ______ was built with stones by his father ______ he spent his childhood.
A. which, that B. that, which
C. which, which D. that, where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是分不清为强调句型，或即使分清为强调句型，也分不清强调哪一个成分。
【分析】答案选A，第一空填 which，用以引导定语从句；第二空填that，为强调句的结构词，被强调部分为 in the small house （以及修饰它的定语从句 which was built with stones by his father）。此题难就难在强调句型中套用了定语从句。请再看类似例子：
（1） It was the boy _____ had been in prison _____ stole the money.
A. who, where B. that, how
C. who, that D. that, which
此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 the boy （以及修饰它的定语从句who had been in prison）。
（2） It was just in the room _____ he was born _____ he died.
A. where, which B. that, that
C. where, thatD. which, that
此题答案选C，全句为强调句，被强调成分是 in this room，where he was born 为修饰 the room 的定语从句。
7. Was it five o’clock ______the fire broke out？
A. when B. that
C. whichD. in which
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是强调句。
【分析】其实，此题应选A，这不是强调句。因为在强调句中，若去掉强调句的结构词 it is [was]…that…，句子结构仍然完整，但此句不是这样，若去掉结构词，即为 Five o’clock the fire broke out，句子不完整，但若在five o’clock前加上介词at则可以，因为 at five o’clock 用作时间状语。此题选A可分析为：it 表时间，when the fire broke out 为时间状语从句，全句意为“火灾是5点钟发生的吗？”比较下面一题（答案选B，为强调句）：
Was it at five o’clock ______the fire broke out？
A. when B. that
C. which D. in which
8. “Was it under the tree _____ you were away talking to a friend？” “Sure. But when I got back there, the bike was gone.
A. that B. where
C. which D. while
【陷阱】此题很容易误选A，认为这是强调句型。
【分析】其实此题应选D.做好此题的关键是正确理解上下文的语境。在此句中，it 是代词，指代 the bike，句意为：“当你离开去同朋友谈话的时候，你的自行车是在这树下吗？”“当然，但当我回来时，自行车就不见了。”现在反过来分析一下，假若选A，将此句判为强调句，句子即为 Was it under the tree that you were away talking to a friend？ 若进一步转换为非强调句，句子则为 Under the tree while you were talking to a friend，句意显然很荒唐。
9. It‘s more than half a century _____ my grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people.
A. when B. that
C. sinceD. while
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为这是强调句型。
【分析】假若选B，将此句分析为强调句，那么若将此句还原为非强调句就应该是My grandfather joined the Party and became a servant to the people more than half a century. 很显然, 句中的 more than half a century 是一段时间，然而它修饰的谓语动词 joined…became 却是两个终止性动词，这显然不合适。其实，此题应选C，属于
“It is＋一段时间＋since 从句”句型，句意为“我爷爷加入党组织成为人民的公仆已有半个多世纪了”。此句的主句谓语也可以用现在完成时态（has been），但在口语中多用一般现在时代替。
10. It was lack of money, not of effort, _____ defeated their plan.
A. which B. as
C. that D. what
【陷阱】容易误选A，受空格前逗号的影响，误认为这是一个非限制性定语从句，从而误选了A.
【分析】其实，此题最佳答案为C，整个句子为强调句，被强调成分为 lack of money, not of effort.由于句中插入 not of effort 这一结构，干扰了许多同学对 it was lack of money that defeated their plan 这一强调句的认识和理解。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1.—Who are making so much noise in the garden？
—_______ the children.
A. It is B. They are
C. That is D. There are
2. It is _______ he often fails in exams ______ makes his parents worried about him.
A. what； that B. that； what
C. that； that D. / ； that
3. It is the protection for the trees _______ really matters, rather than how many trees are planted.
A. what B. that
C. 不填 D. which
4. It is _____ my father worked _____ I work now.
A. where, that B. where, when
C. that, where D. that, that
5. Was _____ that I saw last night at the concert？
A. it you B. not you
C. you D. that you
6. It was ten o‘clock _____ he came back home.
A. when B. that
C. since D. after
7. It was not until he came back _____ he knew the police were looking for him.
A. which B. since
C. that D. before
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选A.为强调句型 It is the children who are making so much noise 之省略。
2. 选C.为强调句型，被强调成分为主语从句 that he often fails in exams.
3. 选B.为强调句型，句意为“真正重要的在于保护树，而不在于种多少树”。
4. 选A，整个句子为 it was … that … 格式的强调句式，即第二空要填that；第一空填where，where my father worked 为地点状语从句，为强调句的被强调部分。句意为“我现在我父亲曾经工作过的地方工作”。
5. 选A，为强调句的一般疑问句形式，其相应陈述句为 It was you that I saw …。
6. 选A.when 表示“当……的时候”，句首的 it 表示时间，全句意为“当他回到家时，时间是10点钟。”
7. 选C.为 He didn’t know the police were looking for him until he came back 之强调形式。注意，not … until … 的强调句式通常为 It was not until … that … 的形式。 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——情态动词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ―Mike is often absent from class.‖ ―Tell him he _____ answer for it if he goes on behaving like that.‖
A. shall B. will
C. would D. can
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选A.shall 用作情态动词主要有以下两个用法：
（1） 用于疑问句中征求意见。如：
Shall I help you？ 要不要我帮帮你？
Shall I open the window？ 要我把窗子打开吗？
（2） 用于陈述句中表示允诺、告诫、警告、威胁、命令、规定、必然性等（可用于各类人称）。如：
You shall suffer for this. 你会为此事吃苦头的。（表威胁）
Each competitor shall wear a number. 每个参赛者要戴一个号码。（表规定）
You shall hear everything as soon as you come. 你一来就可听到所有情况了。（表允诺）
请做以下试题（答案均选 shall）：
（1） “I promise that she _____ get a nice present on her birthday.” “Will it be a great surprise to her？”
A. should B. must
C. would D. shall
2. You _______ pay too much attention to your reading skill, as it is so important.
A. cannot B. shouldn‘t
C. mustn‘t D. needn‘t
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选A.cannot…too…是英语中一个十分有用的表达，意为“不可能太……，无论怎样……也不算过分，越……越……”。如：
You can’t be too careful. 你越仔细越好。
You can’t praise the too much. 这本书值得大加赞扬。
We cannot work too much for the people. 我们为人民做工作是不可能做过头的。
A woman cannot have too many clothes. 女人买的衣服再多也不算多。
注：有时也可用 can never, impossible 等与too连用来表示类似意思。如： It is impossible to get there too soon. 去那儿越早越好。
3. “Is John coming by train？” “He should, but he _____ not. He likes driving his car.”
A. must B. can
C. need D. may
【陷阱】可能误选B或C.
【分析】最佳答案为D.may 表推测，may not 意为“可能不（会坐火车来）”。句中的 He should 为 He should come by train 之省略，由于其后出现转折连词 but，说明语意有变化，再结合下文的 He likes driving his car，便可决定此题选D.注意，不能选B，因为can表示推测时通常不用肯定陈述句。
4. ―I heard they went skiing in the mountains last winter.‖ ―It ____ true because there was little snow there.‖
A. may not be B. won‘t be
C. couldn‘t be D. mustn‘t be
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】此题最佳答案为C，主要由下文的 because there was little snow there 这一语境所决定，既然“没下什么雪”，那么“滑雪”就应是“不可能”，所以选 couldn’t be，即选C.
5. “Do you think he is lazy？” “I _____ so once, but I don’t now.”
A. may have thought B. can have thought
C. may think D. might think
答案选A.从答话人的语境可知，空格处的意思“曾经这样想过”，即对过去情况作推测，故应用“情态动词+动词完成式”；又因为 can 表推测不用于肯定句，故选A.请看类例：
Their answers are exactly the same — one of them ______ from the other.
A. must copy B. must have copied
C. should copy D. should have copied
答案选B，既然两人的答案完全一样，说明“抄袭”已经发生，故用“情态动词+动词完成式”，根据句意，应选B而不能选D.
6. You _____ be right, but I don‘t think you are.
A. can B. could C. must D. should
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】从语境上看，C、D不宜选，在剩下的A和B中，许多同学想当然地选了A，认为整个句子为现在时态，所以选can，而不选过去式 could，但是最佳答案却是B而不是A.按照英语语法，情态动词can 用于推测表示可能性时，通常只用于否定句或疑问句中，而不用于肯定句中；但 could 用于表推测时，却不仅可用于否定句和疑问句，也可用于肯定句，且此时的 could 并不是 can 的过去式，与 can 也没有时间上的差别，只是 could 比 can语气更委婉，所以答案选B.注：can 在以下特殊情况下，也可用于肯定句。一是表示抽象的可能性，即从理论上或逻辑上分析是可能的，但是实际上未必会发生。如：Anyone can make mistakes. 任何人都可能会犯错误。二是后接“be （get, seem, become）＋形容词”，表示“有时会”、“时常会”等。如：My father can be very unreasonable. 我父亲有时候很不讲道理。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. ―I thought you wouldn‘t mind.‖ ―Well, as a matter of fact I don‘t, but you _____ me first.‖
A. should ask B. should have asked
C. must ask D. must have asked
2. ―I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn‘t recognize her voice.‖ ―Oh, it _____ my aunt Jean.‖
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
3. That car nearly hit me; I ______.
A. might be killed B. might have been killed
C. may be killed D. may been killed
4. It‘s a very kind offer, but I really _____ accept it.
A. mustn‘t B. needn‘t
C. can‘t D. don‘t
5. The police still haven‘t found her, but they‘re doing all they _____.
A. may B. can
C. must D. will
6. You _____ practise the drums while the baby is sleeping.
A. needn‘t B. mightn‘t
C. mustn‘t D. won‘t
7. You _____ him the news; he knew it already.
A. needn‘t tell B. needn‘t have told
C. mightn‘t tell D. mightn‘t have told
8. As she‘s not here, I suppose she _____ home.
A. must go B. must have gone
C. might go D. might be going
9. Are you still here？ You ______ home hours ago.
A. should go B. should have gone
C. might go D. may have gone
10. ―I called you yesterday. A woman answered, but I didn‘t recognize her voice.‖ ―Oh, it _____ my aunt Jean.‖
A. must be B. must have been
C. might be D. can have been
11. I _______ have met him a long time ago. Both his name and face are very familiar.
A. may B. can
C. would D. should
13.“Shall we go shopping？” “Sorry, we _______ buy anything now because none of the shops are open.”
A. mustn’t B. needn’t
C. can‘t D. shouldn‘t
14. They often go to the restaurants for meals. They _____ be very poor.
A. mustn‘t B. can‘t
C. may not D. needn‘t
15. I didn‘t see her in the meeting room this morning. She ______ have spoken at the meeting.
A. mustn‘t B. shouldn‘t
C. needn‘t D. couldn‘t
17. He ______ the test again, in which case, his mother will be very disappointed.
A. might fail B. must have failed
C. should fail D. could have failed
18. “Why didn’t she come to the meeting yesterday？” “I’m not so sure. She ______ ill.”
A. should be B. should have been
C. must be D. might have been
19. Why did you just sit and watch？ You _______ me.
A. could help B. should help
C. could have helped D. must have helped
20. ―You ______ your teacher for help. He is kind-hearted.‖ ―Yes. A whole day _______.‖
A. can ask, will waste
B. must have asked, had wasted
C. could have asked, was wasted
D. shouldn‘t have asked, would be wasted
21. “Is there a flight to London this evening？” “There _______ be. I’ll phone the airport and find it out.”
A. must B. might
C. would D. can
22. ―Show me your permit, please.‖ ―Oh, it‘s not in my pocket. It ______.‖
A. might fall out B. could fall out
C. should have fallen out D. must have fallen out
23. ―Look at these tracks. It _______ be a wolf.‖ ―Don‘t be so sure. I think it _______ be a fox.‖
A. must; could B. may; might
C. need; must D. could; need
25. “Did Jim come？” “I don’t know. He _______ while I was out.”
A. might have come B. might come
C. mush have come D. should have come
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选B，should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”，此处含有责备之意。
2. 选B，对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B.注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定陈述句。
3. 选B，表示过去可能发生而实际上未发生的事，用might + 动词完成式。若只是推测过去可能已经发生的事，则可用 may [might] + 动词完成式，如 He may [might] have gone. 他可能已经走了。
4. 选C.由句意可知。
5. 选B，do all one can 意为“尽力”或“竭尽全力”。
6. 选C，mustn’t 在此相当于 can’t，且语气更强。
7. 选B，“needn’t + 动词完成式”的意思是：本来不必做某事，但实际上做了。上句意思是“你本来不必告诉他这个消息的，因为他（当时）已经知道了”。注意，句中 knew 为过去式。
8. 选B，must 后接动词完成式表示对过去情况的肯定推测，意为“一定已经做了某事”。
9. 选B，should 后接动词完成式表示“本来应该做某事，结果未做”。
10. 选B，对过去情况的肯定推测，宜用“情态动词 + 动词完成式”，再根据句意，可确定答案为B.注：can 表示推测通常不用于肯定句。
12. 选A.may have done sth 表示对过去可能发生的事进行推测，意为“可能曾经”。
13. 选C.根据上下文的语境推知。can’t 意为“不能”。
14. 选B.根据上下文的语境推知。can’t 表推测，意为“不不能”。
16. 选D.couldn’t have done sth 表示对过去情况进行推测，意为“过去不可能发生过某情况”。
17. 选A.根据下文的 will be 可知，“他考试再不及格”是将来的事，据此可排除B和
D.再根据语意，排除C.
18. 选D.从时间上看，由于是昨天没来开会，所以推测他生病也应指昨天，故排除A和C.从语境上看，既然上文说 I’m not so sure，那么说明说话者对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选D.
19. 选C.根据上文的过去时态可知，此句谈的是过去的事，故排除A和C.根据语境排除D.
20. 选C.couldn’t have done sth 结构在此表示责备，指过去本来可以做某事但实际上未做。第二空填 was wasted，陈述的是过去的一事实。
21. 选B.根据下文的 I’ll phone the airport and find it out 可知，说话人对自己的推测没有很大把握，故选 might.若选A，语气太强，不合语境；若选D，不合语法习惯，因为can 表推测通常不用于肯定陈述句中。
22. 选D.既然“通行证现在不在口袋里”，那么它“掉出去”应发生在过去，故排除A和B.比较选项C和D所表示的意思，选D更恰当。
24. 选A.根据 Don’t be so sure 可知前面一空应填must.第二空填的could表示推测，虽为过去式形式，但表示现在意义，语气较委婉，它与表推测的 can 主要用于否定句和疑问句不同，它可以用于肯定陈述句。
25. 选A.根据句中有关时态可知“他来”发生在过去，故排除B；根据 I don’t know 可知选项C语气太肯定，不合适；选项D的意思是“本来应该来”，与语境不合。
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——形容词与副词
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. We don‘t care if a hunting dog smells _____, but we really don‘t want him to smell ____.
A. well, well B. bad, bad
C. well, badly D. badly, bad
【陷阱】容易误选B，认为两个smell 均为连系动词，后接形容词作表语。
【分析】这是19xx年的一道上海高考题，最佳答案为D。句中的第一个 smell 为实义动词，意为“闻气味”、“嗅觉”，smell badly 意为“嗅觉差”；第二个 smell 为连
系动词，意为“闻起来(有某种气味)”，smell bad 意为“闻起来气味难闻”。全句意为“我们并不介意一条猎狗的嗅觉不好，但我们的确不希望它的气味难闻”。
2. ―_____ do you think of your English teacher?‖ ―Oh, he is an _____ man.‖
A. What, interesting B. What, interested
C. How, interesting D. How, interested
【陷阱】容易误选D，认为第一空应填 how，表示“如何”；第二空应填 interested，因为有的书上说 –ing 形容词主要说明事物，-ed 形容词主要说明人。
【分析】其实最佳答案应是A。英语中表示汉语的“你觉得……如何?”时，可用How do you like ...? 或 What do you think of ...? 注意两者搭配不同，即 like 与 how 搭配，think of 与 what 搭配。另一方面，有的书认为：-ing形容词说明事，-ed形容词说明人。此说法在很多情况下是可行的，但表述欠严谨。严谨的表述应该是：表示使(别)人感到如何, 用-ing形容词；表示人自己本身感到如何，用-ed形容词。比较： All the children are interested. 所有的孩子都很感兴趣。
All the children are interesting. 所有的孩子都很有趣。
I read an interested expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种感兴趣的表情。 I read an interesting expression on his face. 我看到他脸上露出一种有趣的表情。 再比较：
He is frightened. 他很害怕。
He is frightening. 他很吓人。
He has a frightened look on his face. 他脸上带有惊恐的神情。
He has a frightening look on his face. 他脸上带有吓人的神情。
3. The operation was successful, but I still felt _____.
A. very painful B. much painful
C. a lot of pain D. very paining
【陷阱】容易误选A，想当然地认为：pain 表示“痛”，其形容词painful自然表示表示“感到疼痛的”。
【分析】其实 painful 的意思并不是“感到疼痛的”，而是表示“使人感到疼痛的”、“使人感到痛苦的”，所以它通常用于说明事物，而不宜用于说明人。比较并体会：
他仍很痛苦。
正：He is still in pain.
误：He’s still painful.
你感到痛吗?
正：Do you feel any pain?
误：Are you painful?
见到你这样生活我很痛心。
正：I am pained to see you living this way.
误：I am painful to see you living this way.
听到他的死讯，我们都很痛苦。
误：We were all painful to hear of his death.
正：We were all pained to hear of his death.
他眼睛痛。
正：He has painful eyes.
误：He’s painful in the eyes.
4. ―Our team is _____ to win the match.‖ ―Really? But I don‘t think so.‖
A. easy B. difficult
C. possible D. sure
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，因为假若单纯从中文意思来看，四个答案均说得通。
【分析】正确答案为D，A、B、C三项填入空格处虽然从汉语来看说得通，但不合英语习惯。因为按英语习惯，easy 和difficult 后接不定式时，其主语(或逻辑主语)通常应是 it，而不能是具体的人或物，除非这个主语与其后不定式有动宾关系。如： 他回答案这个问题很容易。
误：He’s very easy to answer this quesiton.
正：It is very easy for her to answer this quesiton. (用形式主语 it 作主语)
正：The question is very easy for her to answer. (主语为具体的事物，但它与其后不定式有动宾关系，即 to answer this quesiton)
我们很难在半小时内完成这工作。
误：We are very difficult to finish the work in half an hour.
正：It is very difficult for us to finish the work in half an hour. (用形式主语 it 作主语) 对possible 来说，后接不定式时，其主语只能是 it，不能是具体的人或事物，即使该主语与其后的不定式有动宾关系也不可以。如：
我们可能会赢得这场比赛。
误：We are possible to win the match.
误：The match is possible for us to win.
正：It is possible that we will win the match.
正：It is possible for us to win the match.
5. I think he is _____ to tell us the secret, but I‘m not sure.
A. possible B. likely
C. impossible D. certain
【陷阱】A、B、C三项均有可能被选择。
【分析】根据句意首先排除D；再根据上面一题的分析，排除A和C；也就是说，此题最佳答案为B。注意likely 的用法，它与possible所用句型不同，请看实例： Are we likely to arrive in time? 我们会及时赶到吗?
It’s very likely that he will ring me tonight. 今晚他很可能会给我来电话。
They will very likely come by car. 他们很可能会坐汽车来。(该句中的likely为副词，而前两句中的likely为形容词)
6. Let‘s make it at seven o‘clock on Tuesday morning at my office if ________.
A. you‘re convenient B. it is convenient for you
C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you
【陷阱】容易误选A或C，因为许多同学将汉语中的“如果你方便的话”直译为 if you are convenient 或 if you feel convenient。
【分析】最佳答案为B，因为英语中的 convenient不是表示“感到方便的”，而是表示“使人感到方便的”，所以 be convenient 的主语通常不能是“人”。要表示“如果你方便的话”，英语通常 if it is convenient for [to] you，其中的介词可用 for 或 to，但一般不用 with。顺便说一句，偶尔也可见到用人或物作 be convenient的主语，但此时的句子必须具备这样的特点：句子主语是其后不定式的逻辑宾语，如：
Mary is convenient to see on Sunday. / It is convenient to see Mary on Sunday. 星期天去见玛丽较为方便。
The furniture is convenient to move. / It is convenient to move the furniture. 这家具搬起来很方便。
7. We were two hours late that day, which was due to the ______.
A. crowded traffic B. crowded traffics
C. busy traffic D. busy traffics
【陷阱】容易误选A，因为许多同学将汉语中的“拥挤的交通”直译为 crowded
traffic(s)；由于 traffic 不可数，排除含 traffics 的选项，所以许多考生便选定答案A。
【分析】其实，此题的最佳答案是C，因为英语的 traffic 习惯上不用 crowded 修饰，而用 busy 或 heavy 修饰，以说明“交通”的“拥挤”。类似这样的在修饰语方面需特别注意的还有：
(1) 汉语的“绿茶”说成英语是green tea，但相应的“红茶”却是black tea 而不是 red tea。
(2) 可说thick soup(浓汤)，但不说thick coffee (tea)；要表示“浓咖啡(茶)”，可用strong coffee (tea)。
(3) 可说thin soup(稀汤)，但不说thin coffee (tea)；要表示“淡咖啡(茶)”，可用weak coffee (tea)。
8. Mary is very clever and _____ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now _____ asleep in class.
A. very, very B. much, very
C. well, very D. well, fast
【陷阱】容易误选A，因为许多学生往往将汉语中的“很”与英语中的 very 等同。
【分析】但是，许多汉语中的“很”是不能用英语中的 very 来直译的。如汉语“我很喜欢英语”，在英语中就不能说成 I very like English，而应说成 I like English very much，因为副词 very 在英语中习惯上不用来修饰动词。上面一题不能选A，是因为
形容词 worth 和 asleep 习惯上不能用副词 very 来修饰，而是分别用 well 和 fast修饰，即说成 be well worth doing sth(很值得做某事)，be fast (或 sound) asleep(熟睡)，所以此题的最佳答案应选D。
9. ―Could I take your order now?‖ ―Yes. One _____ tea and two _____ coffees.‖
A. black, white B. red, white
C. black, green D. red, black
【陷阱】容易误选B或D。
【分析】按汉语习惯，在“茶”前要加表颜色的形容词通常应是“红”和“绿”，即说“红茶”和“绿茶”。但是在英语中，人们虽然可直接用 green tea来表示“绿茶”，但却不能直接用 red tea 来表示“红茶”，汉语中的“红茶”说成英语应是 black tea，所以第一空应填black，即选A或C。对于第二空，coffee 前通常使用的表颜色的形容词是 white 和 black，其中 white coffee 指“牛奶咖啡”(因牛奶呈白色)，black coffee 指“没有加牛奶的咖啡”（即纯咖啡或清咖啡），由此可知上题的最佳答案应是A。
10. Entering the house we found him lying on the bed with his mouth _______ and eyes _______.
A. open, close B. opened, closed
C. opened, close D. open, closed
【陷阱】此题很容易误选A。
【分析】答案应选 D。open 和 close 均可用作动词，前者表示“开”，后者表示“关”，是一对反义词，如：
Please open your mouth and close your eyes. 请张开嘴，闭上眼。
但是 open 和 close 也可用作形容词，此时前者意为“开着的”，后者意为“接近的”、“亲近的”等，而并不表示“关着的”，要表示“关着的”，英语用 closed，即用作形容词时，open 与close 不是一对反义词，而与 closed 才是反义词。
11. A ______ road goes ______ from one place to another.
A. straight, straight B. straightly, straightly
C. straight, straightly D. straightly, straight
【陷阱】容易误选C。认为straightly 是straight 的副词形式。
【分析】在现代英语中，straight 既可用作形容词，也可用作副词。而straightly这个副词在现代英语中已被废弃，许多词典均不再收录此词。所以此题最佳答案应选A。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. It was _____ opportunity to miss.
A. too good an B. a too good
C. too a good D. too good
2. I don‘t like it at all. It can‘t be _____.
A. better B. worse
C. best D. worst
3. There was nothing special about this film — it was only ______.
A. particular B. average
C. interesting D. strange
4. She looks very _____ but I can‘t remember her name.
A. similar
C. friendly B. familiar D. strange
5. He said he would return the money, and I was ______.
A. fool enough to believe him
B. enough fool to believe him
C. fool enough believing him
D. enough fool believing him
6. ―This book is ______ more useful for us students.‖ ―Yes, but it is _______ too difficult.‖
A. quite, quite B. much, rather
C. rather, quite D. quite, much
7. The children all looked _____ at the broken model plane and felt quite _____.
A. sad, sad B. sadly, sadly
C. sad, sadly D. sadly, sad
8. The child dreamed that he had once lived in a _______ house in the forest.
A. wooden pretty little B. little pretty wooden
C. pretty little wooden D. wooden little pretty
9. He wanted to read more, so he asked his friends if there was _______ to read.
A. something easy enough
C. enough easy something B. something enough easy D. easy enough something
10. The doctor assured the patient that there was ______ with her, but she could not help worrying.
A. seriously wrong nothing B. nothing serious wrong
C. nothing seriously wrong D. serious nothing wrong
11. —How is your father?
—He‘s fine. He‘s______ to play tennis every Sunday.
A. enough active still B. enough still active
C. still active enough D. still enough active
12. —Did you wash your new suit in hot water?
—Of course not. I am not ______ foolish.
A. very B. that
C. very much D. too
13.—Which team is _______ to win the game?
—I don‘t know, but I‘ve found _______ for ours to win.
A. probable; it unlikely B. likely; it possible
C. possible; it possible D. likely; it possibly
14. He didn‘t understand the _______ question, so there was a ______ expression on his face.
A. puzzling; puzzled B. puzzling; puzzling
C. puzzled; puzzled D. puzzled; puzzling
15. She can speak _______ in front of Mack, but she can‘t eat ______ in his restaurant.
A. free, free B. free, freely
C. freely, free D. freely, freely
16. It was raining heavily. Little Mary felt cold, so she stood ____ to her mother.
A. close B. closely
C. closed D. closing
17. Fred is second to none in maths in our class, but believe it or not, he _______ passed the last exam.
A. easily
C. actually
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选A，too … to … 结构除用于“too + 形容词或副词 + to do sth”外，也可用于“too + 形容词 + a / an + 单数可数名词 + to do sth”。
2. 选B，it can’t be worse 相当于 It’s the worst thing I ever knew。
3. 选B，average 意为“平常的”、“普通的”。
4. 选B，similar 指“相似”，familiar 指“熟悉”。
5. 选A，此处的 fool 虽为名词，但具有形容词的性质，相当于 foolish。
6. 选B。虽然 quite, rather, much 均可用于加强语气，但是修饰比较级或副词 too(太)时，只能用 rather 或 much，而不用 quite。
7. 选D。第一个 look是实义动词(注意与之搭配的介词 at)，第二个look 是连系动词。
8. 选 C。多个形容词共同修饰一个名词时，它们的位置遵循这样的原则：描绘形容词—大小（长短高低）形容词—形状形容词—年龄（新旧）形容词—颜色形容词—国籍形容词—材料形容词—用途（类别）形容词—名词（动名词）。
9. 选A。做对此题要注意两点：一是修饰something, anything, nothing 等复合不定代词的形容词，应置于被修饰语之后；二是副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时也应置于被修饰语之后。
10. 选C。wrong 修饰nothing，seriously 修饰wrong。
11. 选C。still 修饰 active，置于其前；而副词enough 修饰形容词或副词时应置于被修饰语之后。
12. 选B。that 在此用作副词，不是代词，用法相当于so。其余三者填入空格处语意不通。
13. 选B。理由见“典型陷阱题分析”第5题。
14. 选A。理由见“典型陷阱题分析”第2题。 B. hardly D. successfully
15. 选C。第一空填 freely，意为“自由地”；第二空填free，意为“免费地”。
16. 选 A。close 与 closely 的区别是：指实际距离近，用 close；指抽象意义，用 closely。
17. 选 B。首先应弄清 second to none 的意思，照字面理解是“对谁都不是第二”，
言外之意就是“第一”，或者说是“最好”。再联系句中的 but 可知，选项 B 最恰当。 高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——虚拟语气
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. I forget where I read the article, or I _____ it to you now.
A. will show B. would show
C. am going to show D. am showing
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】正确答案选B.根据上文的语境可知句中的 or 隐含有一个虚拟的条件，即 or=if I didn’t forget where I read the article（要是我没忘记我在哪儿读过这篇文章的话——但事实上忘了）。
2. ―It looks as if he were drunk.‖ ―So it does. _____.‖
A. He‘d better give up drinking
B. He shouldn‘t have drunk so much
C. Health is more important than drink
D. I wonder why he is always doing so
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，主要是受句中 drunk 一词的影响。
【分析】最佳答案为D.关键信息是It looks as if he were drunk 中的虚拟语气，句子既然用了虚拟语气，也就是说，“他喝醉了”不是事实，只是他的言行好像是醉了，所以此题的最佳答案是D.
3. ―Mary looks hot and dry‖ ―So _____ you if you had so high a fever.‖
A. do B. are
C. will D. would
【陷阱】容易误选A或C.选A者，认为前后两句的动词性质应一致；选C者，认为其后带有if 条件状语从句，从语气上看，主句应用将来时态。
【分析】此题最佳答案为D.分析如下：
（1） “so + 助动词 + 主语”是一个很有用的结构，它表示“……也一样”时。如： He likes to watch TV, and so do I. 他喜欢看电视，我也一样。
When animals and plants disappear, so will man. 当动植物消失的时候，人类也会随之消失。
（2） 由于空格后的 if 条件状语从句的谓语用的是虚拟语气（这是很重要的信息），所以主句要用 would 而不用 will，即答案应选D.
4. ―He will come tomorrow.‖ ―But I‘d rather he _____ the day after tomorrow.‖
A. will come B. is coming
C. came D. had come
【陷阱】容易误选A或B.根据上文的 He will come tomorrow 以及下文的时间状语 the day after tomorrow 似乎都表明空白处应填一个一般将来时态。
【分析】但此题的最佳答案是 C.按照英语习惯，would rather 后接that 从句时，从句谓语通常要用虚拟语气，即用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成时表示过去。又如：
I’d rather you left right now. 我宁愿你现在就离开。
I would much rather it was forgotten. 我更愿这事被遗忘掉。
I’d rather he hadn’t told me about it. 我宁愿他没告诉我这事。
请再做以下试题（答案均为B）：
（1） “Shall I come tomorrow ？” “I’d rather you ______.”
A. won‘t B. didn‘t
C. don‘t D. wouldn‘t
（2） “I’ve told him about it.” “But I’d rather you ______.”
A. didn‘t B. hadn‘t
C. don‘t D. wouldn‘t
（3） “He will take you as well.” “But I’d rather he ______.”
A. won‘t B. didn‘t
C. doesn‘t D. wouldn‘t
5. All the doctors in the hospital insisted that he ____ badly wounded and that he ____ at once.
A. should be; be operated on
B. were; must be operated on
C. was; should be operated
D. was; be operated on
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 D.insist后的从句谓语有时用“should+动词原形”这样的虚拟语气，有时不用，具体要看该谓语动词所表示的含义。一般说来，若该谓语动词所表示的动作尚未发生，或尚未成为事实，则用虚拟语气；若该谓语动词所表示的动作已经发生，或已经成为事实，则要用陈述语气。分析上题的句意，可知只有选D最合适。请做以下类似试题（答案选B）：
（1） The patient insisted that he _______ ill and _______ to the hospital.
A. wasn‘t, wasn‘t sent B. wasn‘t, shouldn‘t be sent
C. shouldn‘t be, wasn‘t sent D. shouldn‘t be, shouldn‘t be sent
（2） The man in prison insisted that he _______ nothing wrong and _______ set free.
A. should do, should be B. had done, should be
C. had done, had been D. should do, had been
（3） I advised that he ______ to the hospital at once, but he insisted that he ______ quite well then.
A. was sent; felt B. be sent; was feeling
C. he sent; feel D. should be sent; should feel
6. ______ smoking, he would not have got cancer in the lung.
A. Was he given up B. Had he given up
C. Did he give D. If he gave up
【陷阱】容易误选 D.
【分析】正确答案应选B.之所以不能选D，是因为时态前后有矛盾。由于主句谓语是would not have got，这表明是对过去事实作出的假设，所以从句谓语应该是 had given up，而不是像D项那样用一般过去时。另外，当虚拟条件句中有 had, should, were 等词时，通常可以省略 if，并将 had, should, were 提前置于句首。又如：
Were they to cease advertising, prices would come down.= If they were to cease advertising, prices would come down. 如果他们停止做广告，价钱会降下来。
Had I been there, I would have filmed the occasion.= If I had been there, I would have filmed the occasion. 如果我在那里，我会把那场面拍摄下来了。
◆精编陷阱题训练◆
1. ―I still haven‘t thanked Aunt Lucy for her present.‖ ―It‘s time you _____.‖
A. do B. did
C. had D. would
2. If I hadn‘t been lucky enough to meet you. I really _____ what I would have done.
A. don‘t know B. hadn‘t known
C. wasn‘t knowing D. wouldn‘t know
3. ―I‘ve told everyone about it.‖ ―Oh, I‘d rather you _____.‖
A. don‘t B. hadn‘t
C. couldn‘t D. wouldn‘t
4. It has been raining for a day, but even though it hadn‘t rained, we _____ there by tomorrow.
A. can‘t get B. won‘t get
C. hadn‘t got D. wouldn‘t get
5. “Do you know his address？” “No, I also wish I _____ where he _____.”
A. knew, live B. knew, lives
C. know, lives D. know, lived
6. “Isn’t it about time you _____ to do morning exercises？” “Yes, it is. Would you like to join us？”
A. begin B. have begun
C. began D. had begun
7. It is hard for me to imagine what I would be doing today if I ____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.
A. wouldn‘t have fallen B. had not fallen
C. should fall D. were to fall
8. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.
A. had scored B. scored
C. would score D. would have scored
9. If only he _______ quietly as the doctor instructed, he would not suffer so much now.
A. lies B. lay
C. had lain D. should lie
10. Without the air to hold some of the sun‘s heat, the earth at night ____ for us to live.
A. would be freezing cold B. will be freezing coldly
C. would be frozen cold D. can freeze coldly
11. Yesterday, Jane walked away from the discussion. Otherwise, she ____ something she would regret later.
A. had said B. said
C. might say D. might have said
12. You didn‘t let me drive. If we ____ in turn, you ____ so tired.
A. drove; didn‘t get B. drove; wouldn‘t get
C. were driving; wouldn‘t get D. had driven; wouldn‘t have got
13. When a pencil is partly in a glass of water, it looks as if it ______.
A. breaks B. has broken
C. were broken D. had been broken
14. But for the help you gave me, I _______ the examinations.
A. would have passed B. would pass
C. wouldn‘t have passed D. wouldn‘t pass
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选B.It’s time you did 为 It’s time you thanked Aunt Lucy for her present 之略。按照英语语法，it’s time 后从句通常要用过去式。
2. 选A.虽然前有虚拟条件句, 后有使用了虚拟语气的宾语，但 I don’t know 却宜用一般现在时，因为 I don’t know 表述的是现在的真实情况，句意为“我要不是有幸遇到你，我真不知（指现在不知）我会做出什么蠢事来”。
3. 选B.I’d rather 后接从句时，从句谓语的时态规律是：用过去式表示现在或将来，用过去完成式表示过去。
4. 选A.we can’t get there by tomorrow 为客观事实，故宜用陈述语气。
5. 选B.第一空填 knew，因为 I wish 后的宾语从句要用虚拟语气（即用过去式表示现在的想法）；第二空要填lives，即用陈述语气，因为 where he lives 是一个客观事实，而不是 I wish 的内容。
6. 选C.It’s time… / It’s high time… / It’s about time… 等后接从句时，从句谓语通常用过去式。
7. 选 B.此题涉及错综时间虚拟条件句，主句与现在事实相反，条件句与过去事实相反。句意为：要不是在七岁时就迷上了 Melinda Cox 图书馆，我真不能想像我如今会在做什么。
8. 选 D.这是otherwise 引出的含蓄虚拟语气，再根据前面的 hesitated 可进一步知道这是与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，由此可推知答案选 D.
9. 选 C.if only 意为“要是……就好了”，其后的句子谓语要用虚拟语气，同时根据 as the doctor instructed 中的过去时态可知从句是与过去事实相反，故选 C.
10. 选 A.without 引出的介词短语为一个与现在事实相反的含蓄条件句。
11. 选 D.otherwise 在此相当于 if she had not walked away from the discussion，即暗示一个与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。
12. 选 D.根据句中的 didn’t let me drive 可知，这是一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气句，条件句的谓语用 had+过去分词，主句谓语用 would / should / could / might have+过去分词。
13. 选 C.as if 引导的句子，有时用虚拟语气，有时不用。原则上说，若指事实或可能为事实，不用虚拟语气；若指现在，从句谓语动词用一般过去时（be 用 were）；若指过去用过去完成时，若指将来用过去将来时或用 were to do sth.又如下面一题要选 C：
It seems as if the sun ____ round the earth since it rises in the east and sets in the west.
A. circles B. is circling
C. were circling D. has been circling
14. 选C.but for 的意思是“若不是，要不是”，用于引出与事实相反的假设，通常与虚拟语气连用。根据句中的 the help you gave me，可知它表示与过去事实相反，故选C.
高考英语陷阱题总结归纳——状语从句
◆典型陷阱题分析◆
1. ―May I go and play with Dick this afternoon, Mum?‖ ―No, you can‘t go out _______ your work is being done.‖
A. before B. until C. as D. the moment
【陷阱】容易误选B，误认为这是考查 not…until…结构。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。句中的 your work is being done 表明“你正在做作业”，选 as 表原因。
2. ―I‘m going to the post office.‖ ―_______ you‘re there, can you get me some stamps?‖
A. As B. While C. Because D. If
【陷阱】容易误选A。
【分析】最佳答案选 B。尽管 as 和 while 均可用作从属连词引导时间状语从句，表示“当……的时候”，但两者有一个重要区别，就是这样用的 as 从句的谓语不能是状态动词。当然，如果 as 不是表示“当……的时候”，其谓语是完全可以用状态动词的。如：
I went to bed early, as I was exhausted. 我很累了，所以很早就上床睡了。(此句中的 as 表示原因，意为“因为”、“由于”)
请做以下两题，答案均选 while，不选as：
(1) _______ you are at home alone, please don‘t leave the door open.
A. While B. As C. Before D. How
(2) _______ you are alone with her, tell her that you like her.
A. While B. As C. After D. How
3. After the war, a new school building was put up ______ there had once been a theatre.
A. that B. when C. which D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 D。where 在此引导地点状语从句，其意为“(在)……的地方”。请做以下类似试题(答案均选 where)：
(1) The famous scientist grew up _______ he was born and in 1930 he came to Shanghai.
A. when B. whenever C. where D. wherever
(2) She found her calculator _______ she lost it.
A. where B. while C. in which D. that
(3) You should make it a rule to leave things _______ you can find them again.
A. when B. where C. then D. which
(4) When you read the book, you‘d better make a mark _____ you have any questions.
A. at which B. at where C. the place where D. where
(5) You should let your children play ______ you can see them.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
(6) Now he works in the factory ______ his father used to work.
A. where B. when C. in which D. that
4. The visitor asked to have his picture taken _______ stood the famous tower.
A. that B. at which C. when D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 D。此题与上面一题有些相似，但又有所不同：相似的是，where 均表示“在……的地方”，均用以引导地点状语从句；不同的是，此题还涉及倒装，即此句的主语是 the famous tower，谓语是 stood，正常词序为 where the famous tower stood，使用倒装是为了保持句子平衡，避免头重脚轻。
4. They kept trying _____ they must have known it was hopeless.
A. if B. because C. when D. where
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。when 在此的意思不是“当……的时候”，而是“尽管”、“虽然”的意思。又如：
He walks when he might take a taxi. 尽管他可以坐出租车，但他却走路。
He stopped trying when he might have succeeded next time. 尽管他本来下次就可以成功的了，但他却停止努力了。
The boy was restless when he should have listened to the teacher carefully. 这男孩子本来应该专心听老师讲的，但他却坐立不安。
有许多同学只知道 when 表示“当……的时候”，而不知道它还有其他许多意思，除上面提到的表示“尽管”、“虽然”外，when 还可表示“既然”、“考虑到”。请做下面的试题(答案选D)：
Why do you want a new job ______ you‘ve got such a good one already?
A. that B. where C. which D. when
5. He was about to tell me the secret ______ someone patted him on the shoulder.
A. as B. until C. when D. while
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。when 意为“这时(突然)”，主要用于某一动作突然发生于另一动作正在进行或刚要发生之时。此时的 when 可以连用副词 suddenly，也可以不连用它，但值得注意的是，同学们不能单独用 suddenly 来代替 when，如下面各题的答案选A，不选B：
(1) I was about to go out ______ the telephone rang.
A. when B. suddenly C. as soon as D. directly
(2) We were swimming in the lake _______ the storm started.
A. when B. suddenly C. until D. before
(3) She was walking down the road _______ she heard someone shouting for help.
A. when B. suddenly C. until D. before
6. The fire went on for quite some time _______ it was brought under control.
A. when B. since C. after D. before
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 D。before 意为“在……之前”，句意是“大火在得到控制之前燃烧了相当一段时间”。类似地，以下两题也选 before：
(1) He made a mistake, but then he corrected the situation _______ it got worse.
A. until B. when
C. before D. as
(2) Someone called me up in the middle of the night, but they hung up ________ I could answer the phone.
A. as B. since
C. until D. before
(3) She is getting better by degrees, but it will be some time _____ she is completely well.
A. that B. since
C. when D. before
(4) They sat down opposite each other, but it was some moments ______ they spoke.
A. after
C. since B. before D. when
7. Mother asked me to take more money _______ something unexpected should happen.
A. in case B. so that
D. when C. in order that
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 A。in case 起连词作用，用以引导状语从句，主要有两种意思：一是表示条件，意为“如果”、“万一”；二是表示“目的”，意为“以防”、“免得”。如以下各题也都选 in case：
(1) ________ I forget, please remind me about it.
A. In case B. So that
D. When C. In order that
(2) Take your umbrella just ________ it rains.
A. in case B. so that
D. when C. in order that
(3) Be quiet _______ you should wake the baby.
A. in case B. so that
D. when C. in order that
(4) Take a hat with you in case the sun is very hot.
A. in case B. so that
C. in order that D. when
(5). I‘ll keep his address _____ I need it.
A. so that
C. in case B. in order that D. when
8. _______ your composition carefully, some spelling mistakes can be avoided.
A. Having checked
C. If you check B. Check D. To check
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选，尤其可能误选A。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。前面一个分句为条件状语从句，后面一个分句为主语。现分析几个干扰项：选项 A 和 D 均为非谓语动词，根据英语语法习惯，非谓语动词作状语时，其逻辑主语应与句子主语一致，而此句的 some spelling mistakes 显然不能用作 having checked 或 to check 的逻辑主语，故不能选为答案；若选 B，则两个句子之间缺少必要的连词，也不对。请做类似试题(答案均选 C)：
(1) ________ more careful, the work might have been done better.
A. Being B. Having been
D. To have been C. If you had been
(2) _______ your diet, it is easy to reduce.
A. Watching B. To be watching
C. If you watch D. To have watched
(3) _______ a pair of compasses, it is easy to describe a circle.
A. Having B. To have had
C. If you have D. if having
(4) _______ for something, a receipt is given to you.
A. Paying B. Having paid
D. To be paying C. When you have paid
(5) _______ the sun rising slowly in the east, the scene is a perfect dream.
A. Seeing B. To be seeing
D. Having seen C. When you see
9. ―Shall Mary come and play computer games?‖ ―No, _______ she has finished her homework.‖
A. when B. since
C. unless D. as soon as
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 C。此句为省略句，答句句首的 No 表明其后省略的是一个否定句，全句补充完整为：She can’t play computer games unless she has finished her homework. 请做类似试题(答案均选B)：
(1) ―Would you mind my sitting here with you?‖ ―No, ______ you aren‘t too noisy.‖
A. when
C. unless B. if D. as soon as
(2) ―Will he agree to come to join us in the work?‖ ―No, _______ we promise him more money.‖
A. when
C. unless B. unless D. as soon as
(3) ―Can you finish the work in time?‖ ―No, _______ we don‘t sleep throughout the night.‖
10. ―When did he leave the classroom?‖ ―He left _______ you turned back to write on the blackboard.‖
A. the time B. the moment
C. until D. since
【陷阱】几个干扰项均有可能误选。
【分析】最佳答案选 B。the moment 用作连词，意为“一……就……”，相当于 as soon as。类似地，the minute, the instant 也可用作连词，表示“一……就……”的意思。如以下试题也选 B：
(1)―Did you remember to give Mary the money you owed her?‖ ―Yes, I gave it to her ________ I saw her.‖
A. while
C. suddenly B. the moment D. until
(2) The doorkeeper gave the alarm _______ he saw the smoke.
A. while
C. suddenly B. the instant D. before
(3) I raised the alarm _______ I saw the smoke.
A. while B. the minute
C. suddenly
D. since
◆ 精编陷阱题训练◆
1. Don‘t be afraid of asking for help _______ it is needed.
A. unless
C. although B. since D. when
2. A good storyteller must be able to hold his listeners‘ curiosity ________ he reaches the end of the story.
A. when
C. after B. unless D. until
3. _______ I know the money is safe, I shall not worry about it.
A. Even though B. Unless
C. As long as D. while
4 You will succeed in the end ____ you give up halfway.
A. even if B. as though
C. as long as D. unless
5. ―Was his father very strict with him when he was at school?‖ ―Yes. He had never praised him _______ he became one of the top students in his grade.‖
A. afterB. unless
C. untilD. when
6. _____ I suggest, he always disagrees.
A. HoweverB. Whatever
C. WhicheverD. Whoever
7. You should put on the notices ______ all the people may see them.
A. whereB. in which
C. atD. for them
8. _____ she goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.
A. Wherever B. However
C. Whichever D. Whoever
9. Mary clapped her hand over her mouth _______ she realized what she had said.
A. while
C. suddenly B. as soon as D. then
10. ________ her faults, she‘s Arnold‘s mother. Don‘t be so rude to her.
A. Whatever B. What
C. Whichever D. Whenever
11. ____ you‘re got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.
A. Now that B. After
C. Although D. As soon as
12. I thought she was the very girl that I should marry _______ I met her.
A. first time B. for the first time
D. by the first time C. the first time
13. Don‘t play by the river _______ you fall in and drown!
A. in case B. so that
D. when C. in order that
14. Why do you want a new job ____ you‘ve got such a good one already?
A. that B. where
C. which D. when
15. He is better than _______ I last visited him.
A. when B. that
C. how D. which
16. _______ the punishment was unjust, he accepted it without complaint.
A. So long as B. Even though
C. Since D. While
17. ________ the grandparents love the children, they are strict with them.
A. While
C. Since B. As D. Because
18. _______ I can see, there is only one possible way to keep away from the danger.
A. As long as B. As far as
C. Just as D. Even if
19. _______ rich one may be there is always something one wants.
A. Whatever B. Whenever
C. However D. Wherever
20. John shut everybody out of the kitchen _______ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.
A. which
C. so that B. when D. as if
21. Mr Zhang is mild in character. He never shouts ____ he is very angry.
A. if B. even
D. even when C. though
22. ―How long do you suppose it is _______ he left for Japan?‖ ―No more than half a month.‖
A. when
C. after B. before D. since
23. In some countries, _______ are called ―public schools‖ are not owned by the state.
A. that B. which
C. as D. what
◆答案与解析◆
1. 选 D。when 意为“在(当)……时候”。其余三项填入空格处，句意不通。
2. 选 D。until 意为“直到”，句意为“一位优秀的故事讲述者必须能够让听众在故事结束前一直保持好奇心”。
3. 选 C。as long as 意为“只要”，全句意为“只要我知道这钱是安全的，我就不会担心了”。类似地，下面一题也选 as long as：
“What are you going to do this afternoon?‘ ―I‘ll probably go for a walk later on ____ it stays fine.‖
A. as far asB. as long as
C. even ifD. as if
4. 选 D。unless 意为“如果不”、“除非”，用以引导一个条件状语从句。
5. 选 C。考查 not…until… 句式，其意为“直到……才……”。
6. 选B。whatever 引导的是让步状语从句，相当于 no matter what。注意不能选A，因为 suggest 是及物动词，它应带自己的宾语，而 however 不能用作宾语。
7. 选A。where 指“在……的地方”，用以引导地点状语从句。
8. 选A，wherever 意为“无论什么地方”。
9. 选 B。根据语境可推知。如下面一题也选as soon as：
_______ he became rich he cast aside all his old friends who gave him some help.
A. WhileB. As soon as
C. SuddenlyD. Then
10. 选A。whatever her faults 为让步状语从句，句末省略了谓语动词 are。
11. 选 A。now that 为连词，用以引导原因状语从句，其意为“既然”，与since 同义。其中的 might as well意为“不妨”。全句意为“既然你得到一个机会，你不妨充分利用它”。
12. 选C。the first time 在此用作连词，用以引导状语从句。句意为“我第一次见到她就认为她很诚实”。
13. 选C。in case 意为“以防”。
14. 选 D。when 不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“既然”，相当于 since，用以引导原因状语从句。全句意为：你既然已经有了这么好的工作，干吗还要找新的工作呢? 请再两例：
I can’t tell you when you won’t listen. 既然你不想听，我就不告诉你了。 Why use wood when you can use plastic? 既然能用塑料，为什么还要用木料?
15. 选A。than 后省略了 he was，假若补充完整，全句即为 He is better than he was when I last visited him。
16. 选 B。比较四个选项：so long as(只要)，even though(即使)，since(自从，既然)，while(当……时候)，其中只有B的意思最合适，全句意为“即使处罚不公平，他毫无怨言地接受”。
17. 选A。while 在此不表示“当……的时候”，而表示“尽管”。
18. 选B。as far as 意为“尽，就，至于”，常用于 as far as I know(据我所知)，as far as one can see(在某人看来)，as far as one can(某人尽力)，as far as sth / sb is concerned(就某事 / 某人来说)等结构。
19. 选C。however 在此引导让步状语从句，意义上相当于 now matter how。
20. 选 C。so that 引导目的状语从句，其意为“为了”。
21. 选 D。根据句子语境，选 B 或 D 较适合，但 even 是副词，不是连词，不能引导状语从句，故选 D。
22. 选 D。问句的基本结构是“It is +时间段+since 从句”，其原句型是 I suppose it is no more than half a month since he left for Japan. 假若对此句中的 no more than half a month 提问，则可得到提问句。
23. 选 D。what 引导的是主语从句，其中的 what 相当于 the schools that。
易受 “复杂句式”影响的单选题讲练教案
不少单项填空题干是由学生并不那么熟悉的句式构成的，这无形中增加了试题的难度。要答好这类试题，就必须设法将复杂的、不常见的句式还原成简单的、常见的句式，以便快速地把握句子结构，理解题目意思。还原的方法归纳起来主要有以下几种：
1. 将疑问句还原成陈述句； 2. 将感叹句还原成陈述句；
3. 将倒装语序还原成正常语序； 4. 将省略句还原成完整的句子；
5. 将强调句式还原成一般句式； 6. 将被动语态还原成主动语态；
7. 将复合句还原成简单句。
试做下列各题：
1. Is this factory _______you visited the other day?
A. the one B. that C. where D. when
2. Who did the teacher _______ the article?
A. have written B. have write C. had written D. has writing
3. Is ______you want to say?
A. that all B. all that C. all what D. what
4. Was it ___she heard with her ears __ really made her frightened?
A. what; that B. because; that C. that; which D. what; /
5. How pleased the Emperor was ______ what the cheats said!
A. hearing B. heard C. hear D. to hear
6. _______what the six blind men said sounded!
A. How foolishly B. How foolish C. What foolishly D. What foolish
7. To all of you _______honour for the success.
A. belongs to B. belong to C. belongs D. belong
8. Here is a notebook, in which _______the names of the visitors.
A. write B. written C. were written D. was written
9. Never _________ she praised ______ what she did.
A. did; for B. did; of C. was; for D. was; of
10. John plays football _______, if not better than, David.
A. as well B. as well as C. so well D. so well as
11. Could you give us the reason why you didn‘t do as ______?
A. were told B. to be told C. told to D. told
12. It was _____the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home.
A. repaired B. repairing C. to repair D. in repair
13. It was during the Liberation War ______ he died.
A. that B. which C. in which D. when
14. Was it _______yesterday evening _______you met him?
A. on; that B. on; when C. until; that D. not until; that
15. The students are ______ to hand in the exercises before class.
A. wished B. hoped C. agreed D. promised
16. Charles Babbage is generally considered______ the first computer.
A. to invent B. to have invented
C. inventing D. having invented
17. His lost eyesight was_____ by his ever sharpening sense of hearing.
A. made up for B. made up of C. made use of D. made of
18. The blackboard was wiped______.
A. clean B. cleaned C. cleanly D. to be cleaned
19.The car________ she was traveling was late.
A. which B. by which C. on which D. in which
20. Is this the watch you wish to_______?
A. repair it B. have repaired it
C. have it repaired D. have repaired
21.Would you please point out the mistakes in my composition, if________ ?
A. any B. none C. some D. anything
22. Is _______ he said it worth believing?
A. all what B. what C. it D. that
23. Whom would you rather have_________ with you this time?
A. to go B. go C. gone D. going
24. --- __________ you did?
--- No, as a matter of fact, I didn‘t need to.
A. That is what B. What is that
C. Is that what D. Is what that
25. ________ everything he had taken away from him?
A. Was B. Should C. Did D. Had
26. Has everything________ can be done__________?
A. what; done B. that; been done
C. that; already done D. what; already been done
27. Is this the school_______ you visited some foreigners a few months ago?
A. that B. which C. the one D. where
28. Where was________ the traffic accident happened last night?
A. it that B. it C. the place that D. the place
29. Whose eyes________ it that he saw in the darkness?
A. was B. were C. is D. are
30. It was______ the neighbours saw catch the thief.
A. him that B. he that C. said that D. where
31. Along the paths stood some signs,________ was written / ! Keep Off The Grass! /‖
A. on which B. in which C. which D. that
32. Rather than________ on a crowded bus, he always prefers _______ a bicycle.
A. ride; ride B. riding; ride
C. ride; to ride D. to ride; riding
33. They want to see how civilized(驯化) the animal can______.
A. experience B. change C. develop D. become
34. ________ it snow, the crops would grow better.
A. were B. Were to C. Should D. Would
35. The boy I considered________ cheated in the exam.
A. being honest B. to be honest
C. was honest D. that is honest
36. Did_________ on time make her teacher angry?
A. not to come B. her not to come
C. her not coming D. not her coming
[附] 强调
1. 英语中表示强调的有强调句型It is…, that…; It was…that….
强调句型只有两个时态，即 It is 和It was, 后跟被强调部分，然后用 that….
被强调的是句子的主语，宾语和状语。状语可以是副词，介词短语或从句。如果被强调的是人，可以用who. 例句：
A．It was in the morning that he often went to see his friend.
B. It is I who am your close comrade-in-arms.
C. What is it that you want me to do?
2. 强调用法，只用于肯定句中，用do, does 或did加动词原形。
A． Do be here on time. (千万要准时来呀。)
B． The family did send him to school.
C. He does know all about it.
3. 在否定句中，如果表示强调，多在句尾加at all. 例如：
A． I know nothing about it at all.
B. He didn‘t do his homework at all.
4. 当遇到not …until…这一句型变成强调句型时，一定要用：It is(was)not until…that…. 例句：
A． It ws not until yesterday that I knew he ws coming. (I didn’t know he was coming until yesterday.)
B. It was not until I grew up that he told me all about it. (He didn‘t tell me anything about it until I grew up.)
C. It is not until six o‘clock that he will go to school. (He wont‘ go to school until six o‘clock.)
答案及简析：
1. A。乍看题干，很可能会有学生将this factory当作先行词而误选B或C，但若将题干还原成陈述句，便会清楚地发现句中缺少表语，四个选项中唯有A项可以当表语。
2. 选B。 因助动词did后须接动词原形，首先可将C、D排除；再将题干还原成陈述句，这时可发现句中有 “have+复合宾语”这一结构，而the teacher 与write之间系主谓关系，故A也应排除。
3. 选A。 将题干还原成陈述句后可知，that充当主语，先行词all以及后面的定语从句作表语。
4. 选A。 只要将题干还原成陈述句，便可发现这是一个强调结构，即答案应在A、B之间，根据句子结构和意义较易排除B。
5. 选D。答题时，肯定会有学生因动词was而选A或B，但若将题干还原成：The Emperor was pleased ______ what the cheats had said. 这一陈述句，便会发现句中有be pleased to do这样一个句型，动词不定式在此充当原因状语。
6. 选B。将题干还原成陈述句后即可清楚地发现空格处充当的是表语。
7. 选C。答题时，有的学生会误将all of you当作主语而选B或D，但若将题干由倒装语序还原成正常语序：The honour for the success _______to all of you. 就会发现主语实为抽象名词the honour,故谓语应用单数。
8. 选C。 从句系倒装语序，主语实际上是the names…。
9. 选C。 正常语序是She was never praised for what she did。
10. 选B。题干中的插入语部分明显有省略现象，这无形中增加了学生答题的困难，困难之一是搞不清David是主语还是呼语。但若将省略的部分补回，使题干成为这样一
个完整的句子：John plays football_____ David does if John does not play better that David does. 便不难看出David 系主语，即答案在B、D之间，而D项通常用于否定句，应予排除。
11. 选C。 as从句系一省略结构，补全后为: as you were told to do, 题干中省略了从句的主语和系动词（不可只省一者），还省略了不定式（省略不定式时，符号to应予保留）。
12. 选B。 只要将该强调句式还原成一般句式，即可看出句中有spend some time doing sth. 这样一个句型。
13. 选A。判断是强调结构，还是含有定语从句的复合句的方法是，将表语代入从句，若句子完整即为强调结构，反之为含有定语从句的复合句。本句是强调结构。
14. 选D。 还原后的陈述句为： Not until yesterday evening did you meet him. (= You didn’t meet him until yesterday evening.)
15. 选A。 看到该题，有的学生会认为四个选项似乎都可选用，因为这四个动词均能接动词不定式，但只要我们将原句改为主动语态便会发现空格后接的是sb to do这样一个复合结构，四个动词中唯有wished 能接这样的结构。
16. 选B。 还原成主动句后可知，句中有consider(认为)sb to do 这样一个句型。而选项A 根据动作的先后关系不难排除。
17. 选A。 将原句还原成主动句后可以更准确地把握主、宾语之间的逻辑关系。本题只有选make up for(弥补)，句子才合乎逻辑。
18. 选A。 还原成主动句可以更清楚地看出空格处是补语，应选用形容词clean来充当。
19. 选D。答题时，学生一般都能很快排除A，因为travel 与the car 之间并不存在动宾关系；亦能排除C，因为in、on 两个介词中，car 通常只与前者搭配；而在剩下的两个选项中，却极容易误选B，为什么B 是错误的呢？为便于理解，我们不妨将题干先转换为这样两个简单句：She was traveling _____the car.（car前的冠词不可丢，因为题干中的关系代词which d 意义上等同于先行词the car。）The car was late. 由于by car系习语，car前不能加入冠词，故空格处只能填in.
20. 选D。先将复合句还原成两个简单句：Is this the watch? You wish to have it repaired. 不难发现it 指代的是the watch，而在定语从句中，it 的句法作用已被关系代词（尽管已经省略）所替代，故应将it 舍去，以免重复。
同学们，通过以上典型试题的分析与讲练，请同学们再分析剩下的练习。
21---36：ADBCA BDAAA ACDCB C
情感态度题词语选项，出题位置及解题方法
一．情感态度题的词语选项一般可以分为以下几种：
1．褒义词
impartial,（公正的）, rewarding（有回报的）, appreciative (欣赏的)，positive (肯定的, 积极的), optimistic (乐观的), useful (有用的, 有益的), admiring (赞赏的, 钦佩的), interesting (有趣的), instructive (有益的, 教育性的), enthusiastic (热心的, 热情的), supportive (支持的), support(支持), approval (赞成, 承认), approving (满意的), confident (自信的, 确信的), impressed (留下印象的), reverent (尊敬的), polite (有礼貌的, 文雅的)。
2．贬义词
Apprehensive(担忧的), hostile (敌对的), dubious(怀疑的)，intolerant (不能容忍的), negative (否定的, 消极的), pessimistic (悲观的, 厌世的), subjective (主观的, 个人的), disappointed (失望的), frustrated (失败的, 落空的), critical (批评的), questioning (质疑的), doubtful (可疑的, 不确的), compromising (妥协的), dissatisfied (不满意的, 不高兴的), biased (有偏见的), satirical (讽刺的), puzzling (迷惑的), suspicious (怀疑的), gloomy (令人沮丧的), scared (恐惧的), cynical (愤世嫉俗的), oppose (反对),
opposition (反对), disgust (令人反感), disgusting (令人厌恶的), worried (闷闷不乐的), depressed (沮丧的), contemptuous (轻蔑的, 侮辱的), arbitrary/opinionated (武断的) 。
3．中性词
analytical (分析的)，apathetic (缺乏兴趣的)，concerned (关心的), cautious (谨慎的, 小心的), neutral (中性的)，objective (客观的), impartial (公平的, 不偏不倚的), indifferent (无关紧要的), impassive (冷漠的), detached (超然的，不偏不倚的),
unconcerned (不关心的), uninterested (不感兴趣的), , humorous (滑稽的, 诙谐的), , disinterested (无私的), sensitive (敏感的), factual (事实的, 实际的), informative (提供资讯的), persuasive (说服的), personal (个人的,), formal (正式的), informal (非正式的), casual (偶然的),
二．情感态度题常见出题位置
1．直接表达作者或者其他人态度的句子。
2．一些感情色彩较浓的词语，尤其是形容词、动词和副词等。
3．首段和末段。
4．出现转折的地方，如nevertheless, however, but, yet等。
5．文章中一些情态动词后面的内容，这些情态动词有should, shouldn’t, must, mustn’t等。
三．情感态度题正确答案选项的特点
1．很多情况下，作者只是在客观描述一种现象或是一个观点，所以objective作为正确选项的频率极高。
2．一般来说，indifferent不会正确选项，因为作者如果对一个事件漠不关心、就不会专门撰文。另外，
向cynical, disgust, desperate等词语如果出现也不会是正确选项，因为一般考研阅读理解所选的文章
不会带有如此强烈的情感，如谩骂、攻击等。
3．如果作者开篇就提出了一个观点，而全文中有没有转折和对比的内容，一般来说作者对这个观点持支持
态度。
4．如果作者开篇提出一个观点或者引述了别人的观点，而后文出现重要的转折，对上述观点进行批评后者
否定，那么作者自己的观点往往与开头提出的观点相反。
5．如果选项中出现了一对反义词，那么正确答案往往是这对反义词中的一个，考生可以忽略其余两个选
项。
6．总结历年的文章，我们发现在关于社会科学和人文科学的文章中，一般来说如果作者都会有支持的态
度；在关于自然科学的文章中，作者的态度则经常是objective, analytical等。
四．情感态度题干扰答案选项的特点
1．选项没有体现作者的观点，甚至是相反的意思。
2．选项中张冠李戴，把别人的观点放到了作者头上，或者把作者的观点放到了别人的头上，要加以区分。
3．上文中提到的indifferent 及其同义词和近义词等，以及包含强烈情感的词语。
五．情感态度题解题方法
1．找到直接表述作者态度的句子，对应相应的选项。
2．如果没有明确表述态度的句子，则从文章的字里行间把握文章的整体基调。
3．注意不要混淆自己的态度和作者的态度，也不要混淆作者的态度和文中其他人的态度。
That 在高考中的地位
that在高考试题中出现的频率较高，掌握that的用法会给我们准确判断答案有极大的帮助。That在词性上可做代词、连词和副词； 在用法上可引导名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句和强调句型，其地位不容忽视。
一、 that 作代词的用法。That代替前面提到的单数可数名词或不可数名词、前面所说的情况或表示刚才所提到的某事。如
1.
2.
3. My seat was next to that of the mayor. We see him when he comes to town, but that isn‘t often. I have no doubt about that.
高考连接：
1． —He was nearly drowned once.
---When was _____?
---_____ was in 1998 when he was in middle.(02春招)
A. that; It B. this; This C. this; It D. that; This
2． Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ____ I will always treasure. (02NMET)
A. that B. one C. it D, what
3 Few pleasures can equal ____ of a cool drink on a hot day.(1999NMET)
A. some B. any C. that D. those
二、 ①作连词的用法。它可以引导名词性从句、定语从句、状语从句和强调句型
that 引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句时，只起引导词的作用，不做成分，不能省略。②That 引导宾语从句时，可省略。
③that 引导定语从句：先行词是不定代词、先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰、先行词被all,any every, each, few, little, no ,some等修饰、先行词被the only, the very, the same 所修饰、先行词既有人又有物时、句中已有who时用that。
④that 引导状语从句时，往往跟其他词搭配使用。如 now that, so that, such…that。 高考连接：
4．A story goes ____ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.(2004上海)
A. when B. where C. what D .that
5. Information has been put forward ____ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.(2001上海)
A. while B. that C. when D. as
6. _____ fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.(2000 上海春招)
A. What B. That C. This D. Which
7.The suit fitted him well _____ the colour was a little brighter.(2000NMET)
A. except for B. except that C. except when D. besides
8. There is a new problem involved in the popularity of private cars _____ road conditions need _____. (2003上海)
A. that; to be improved B. which; to be improved
C. where; improving D. when; improving
9 .It worried her a bit ___ her hair was turning gray .(1992NMET)
A. while B. that C. if D. for
10. All ___ is needed is a supply of oil.(1989NMET)
A. the thing B. that C. what D. which
11. It was an exciting moment for these football fans this year, _____ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup.(2000春招)
A. that B. while C. which D. when
12. _____ you‘ve got a chance, you might as well make full use of it.(1999NMET)
A. Now that B. After C. Although D. As soon as
13. John may phone tonight. I don‘t want to go out ____ he phones.(2000NMET)
A. as long as B. in order that C. in case D. so that
14. John shut everybody out of the kitchen ____ he could prepare his grand surprise for the party.(2002NMET)
A. which B. when C. so that D. as if
15. Sally worked late in the evening to finish her report ____ her boss could read it first next morning. (2003北京)
A. so that B. because C. before D. or else
16. It is the ability to do the job ____ matters not where you come from or what you are.(2000NMET)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
17. It was not ______ she took off her dark glasses ____ I realized she was a famous film star.(1998NMET)
A. when; that B. until; that C. until; when D. when; then
18.It was ____ he said ____ disappointed me.(1999上海)
A. what; that B. that; that C. what; what D. that; what
三、 that 作副词：那么、那样，修饰形容词和副词。如：
1.
2.
四． 含有that 的成语
1. like that 这样 Do they always dance like that in France?
2. that is (to say) 这就是说 John is a New Yorker; that is, he lives in New York.
3. that’s it 说对了 That’s it. You’ve described exactly what I felt about the film.
4. that’s life 人生就是这样
I like English but my major is history. Oh, well—that‘s life, I suppose.
5. that is that情况就是如此 I won’t marry Peter, and that’s that.
6. what’s that 你说什么 What’s that? He refused to come? I like him but not that much. You don‘t think we were all that careless, do you?
五．考考你：请翻译该句子：It was said that that that that that man wrote in the sentence was wrong.
（Keys: 1-10 ABCDB BBABB 11-18 DACAC BBA）
高中最常见的含介词ｔｏ的短语动词
英语不定式是以to do something形式出现,这里的to是不定式符号，没有实在意义。然而, 一些动词与介词to搭配构成短语，从形式上看，与不定式很相似，但是这里的to后面应该接-ing动名词短语。下面列举一些常见的搭配形式。
1.look forward to 盼望；期待(通常以愉快的心情）
We’re looking forward to seeing you very soon. 我们盼望很快再见到你。
2.be /become used to 习惯于；适应于
I’m not used to being spoken to in that rude way. 我不习惯于别人对我那样粗鲁地讲话。
注意used to do与be / become used to doing的区别。前者指过去经常的习惯
(indicating a constant or frequent practice in the past)，后面接原形动词构成不定式形式，后者指现在的习惯，接动名词构成介词短语。此外，当be used 表示被动语态时，意思是“被使用，被用来”，后面应该接不定式。如：
Wood is often used to make paper. 木材常被用来造纸。
3.be / become accustomed to习惯于
The boy has become accustomed to speaking English in public. 那孩子已经习惯于在公众面前说英语了。
4.object to不赞成；反对
I object to being treated like an outsider. 我反对被当作局外人看待。
5.be opposed to 反对；反抗(某人或某事)
I amvery much opposed to your going abroad. 我非常反对你出国。
6. be addicted to doing 沉溺于；嗜好
He is addicted to drinking / smoking / lying. 他嗜好喝酒/抽烟/说谎。
7. devote oneself / sth. to 奉献(自己、时间、精力等)；致力于；专心；专门；献身 He devoted himself to promoting (the promotion of) world peace. 他一生致力于促进世界和平。
8. dedicate oneself / sth. to 奉献； 贡献(时间、精力等以从事崇高的事业或目的) The doctor dedicated himself to finding a cure for the disease. 这位医生致力于寻找这种疾病的治疗法。
9. contribute to 有助于；促成
His pride contributed much to his cheating on the exam. 他的虚荣心在很大程度上驱使他考试作弊。
10. subject oneself / sth. to 使遭受；使经历;使蒙受；使有……之险
You shouldn’t have subjected yourself / your friends to being criticized like that. 你不应该使自己/你的朋友遭受那样的批评。
11. adapt oneself to 使适应；使配合
He is quick to adapt (himself) to living on his own. 他很快适应了独自生活。
12. adjusted oneself / sth.to 调整；调节;使适用；使便于使用
I have already adjusted myself to cooperating with you wholeheartedly.我已经调整好，全身心地与你合作。
108所名校试题汇编：英语
目 录
高考频考点1. 名词
高考频考点2. 冠词
高考频考点3. 代词
高考频考点4. 数词
高考频考点5. 形容词 高考频考点6. 副词
高考频考点7. 介词和介词短语 高考频考点8. 连词
高考频考点9. 动词和动词短语 高考频考点10.
高考频考点11.
高考频考点12.
高考频考点13.
高考频考点14. with
高考频考点15.
高考频考点16.
高考频考点17.
高考频考点18.
高考频考点19.
高考频考点20.
高考频考点21.
高考频考点22.
高考频考点23.
高考频考点24.
高考频考点25.
高考频考点26.
高考频考点27. 7
高考频考点28. 主谓一致 动词时态和语态 情态动词和虚拟语气 非谓语动词 复合结构和独立主格结构名词性从句 定语从句 状语从句 特殊句式 交际用语 完形填空 阅读理解 阅读表达 信息匹配 任务型阅读 单词拼写 短文改错 选5 书面表达
正 文
高考频考点1. 名词
1．It is a great for a person to be able to drive when she is seeking a job. 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【名词】
A．advantage B．chance C．fun D．importance
【答案】A
【解析】考查名词辨析。语境表示找工作时，如果会开车将是一个优势，因此选A。
2. He is old, so his son will _________ the farm.【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】
【名词】
A. take charge of
C. charge
【答案】A 。
【解析】take charge of：接管、掌管；而be in the charge of：在……得掌管之下。
3．We have strong __________ for believing that the mine accident in Heilongjiang was due to the poor management. 【湖北省六校联考】【名词辨析】
A．grounds B．reason C．cause D．purpose
【答案】A
【解析】“grounds”在本句中意为“充分的理由；根据”且常用复数形式。这句话的意思是“我们有充分的理由相信黑龙江的矿难事故是由于管理不善所致”。
4. The mother must put the bedding out on the washing-line because the kids had an (a)______last night。【新疆乌鲁木齐高三2010届3月联考】【名词】
A.event B.incident C. affair D.accident
【答案】D
【解析】测试名词的搭配。accident“意外的事；偶然的事”。句子的译文：母亲必须把被子晒出去，因为孩子昨晚尿床了。句子中have an accident此处意思是：（小孩子）尿裤子；尿床。 B. in charge of D. be in the charge of
5. It was rumored that Lijing was having an （a）_______with SUNNY that lasted eight years. 【四川省达州市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【名词】
A. accident B. affair C. event D. incident
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试名词。由具体语境可知译文：谣传李静和戴军曾有长达八年的暧昧关系。所给答案均有“小事；琐事”之意。但是affair还有“（非配偶的）暧昧关系、私通”之意。
6. What I do in my time is my ________ and nobody's else。【云南省曲靖市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【名词】
A. accident B. affair C. event D. incident
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试名词。句子译文：我在自己的时间里做什么是我自己的事，与别人无关。再结合所给答案：四个同近义词，可以选出最佳答案：affair “私事”，相当于我们学习的business。例如：“Are you going out with Kate tonight？”“That's my affair。”“今晚你和凯特一起出去吗？”“那是我的私事。”
高考频考点2. 冠词
1.In china, pressure of passing exams tends to cause lack of students’ creativity.【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【冠词】
A./ ; / B. the ; the C. the ; / D. / ; the
【答案】C
【解析】特指通过考试的pressures ,故用the；复数exams 表类别 故不用冠词。
2. We all hold _____ belief that those who have ____wonderful sense of humor are more popular.【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【冠词】
A. the, a D. a, the B. /, / C. the, /
【答案】. A。
【解析】belief后有定语从句进行修饰，是特指，a sense of humor是惯用法，指幽默感。
3．When you cover the novel, you will have ____better understanding of___ life【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【冠词】
A．a; the B．the; a C．不填; the D．a;不填
【答案】D
【解析】1ife泛指人生，是抽象名词，不用加冠词。Understanding本来也是抽象名词，但在此受of life和better的修饰具体化了，变成了可数名词，所以要用a修饰。
4.For a long time they walked without saying ________ word. Jim was the first to break___________ silence. 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【冠词】
A. the; a B. a; the
【答案】 B
【解析】. without saying a word 意为“一句话也没有说”，第二个空为特指。
5. Shanghai celebrated one year countdown (倒计时) to the opening of____ 2010 World Expo on May 1, 2009. 【江西省九江市2010届六校联考】【冠词】
A. the ;/ B. a; the C. the; the D. an; the
【答案】C
【解析】考查冠词表示特指。
6.—What did you think of _____ president? 【山东省沂南一中2010届高三上学期期末考试】【冠词】
—I didn‘t care for him at first, but after ______ time I got to like him.
A. the, a a B. /, the C. the, the D. /, C. a; / D. the; /
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查冠词。第一格的意思是“你认为那位总统怎样？”，所以是特指；第二格after a time是固定词组，解释为“过了一段时间”。
高考频考点3. 代词
7.She talked again and again to her friend about careful driving, but _____ just turned a deaf ear to her words. 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【代词】
A．another B．other C．others D．the other
【答案】D
【解析】【解析】考查代词用法。语境涉及两人，她和她的朋友，因此这里用the other表示“另外那个人”，即她的朋友。表示两者中的另外一个用the other。表示没有具体所指的“另外一个”用another，other是形容词，不能单独使用；others表示没有具体范围限制的“其他的”，是复数指代。
8.We’ve been looking for cheap houses but haven’ t found we like yet . 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【代词】
A. one B. other C. it D. that
【答案】A
【解析】表示一幢便宜房子。
9．Scientists say it may be five or six years ____ it is possible to test this medicine on human patients. 【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【it用法】
A．since B．after C．before D．when
【答案】C
【解析】此题考查连词以及对句式的理解。It is + 一段时间+before，意为“要（多长时间）……才能……”。
10. The language used in advertisements differs from____________used in ordinary readings. 【四川省2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【代词】
A. which B. what C. that D. It
【答案】C
【解析】主要测试代词。该题首先应该分析句子结构，找出主干：the language differs 。故此选择that代指the language。如果题干变为：The language used in
advertisements differs from________is used in ordinary readings.答案应该选择what ，题干中的what is used in ordinary readings应该属于句子。
11. He is really ______ whom we can admire for his great talent and sense of responsibility. 【四川省德阳市高中2010届高三“一诊”考试】【代词】
A. somebody B. anybody C. nobody D. Everybody
【答案】A
【解析】测试代词。此句中somebody属于特殊意思的考察：重要人物。相当于
someone。例如：he was a small-time lawyer to be someone。他是个 没干出什么名堂却总想出人头地的律师。She thinks she's really really somebody in that car。她以为，坐上那辆车，她就真成人物了。
12.– Has any of you seen the film, Amazing Tales: Three Guns? 【河南省驻马店市2010届高三上学期期末考试】【代词】
– _________.
A. No one B. Not
【答案】C
【解析】测试代词。译文：--您们谁看过传奇故事：三枪，这部电影？---没人看过的。由语境可知有具体的范围：你们。故此选择none。
高考频考点4. 数词
1. Nearly________ of the surface of our planet is covered by water. 【西安市2010届期末联合测试】【数词】
A. seven-ten B. seven-tenth C. seven-tenths D. seventh-ten
【答案】C
【解析】本题是数词用法的考查。分数词的分子是基数词，分母是序数词。分子除了1以外，分母的序数词要用复数。
高考频考点5. 形容词
2.The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at ________ chemist’s. 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【形容词】
A. each
【答案】 D
【解析】. 全句意思是：“这种药到处有售，你可以在任何一家药店买到它。”
3. I'd like to be a professional singer, but I don't think I've got__________.【河南省郑洛汴2010届一摸】【形容词】
A. a good voice enough B. a good enough voice
C. a voice enough good D. an enough good voice B. some C. certain D. any C. None D. Not any
【答案】B
【解析】enough修饰形容词时要后置，修饰名词时要前置。
4. What he has done is far from___________.【银川市2010届期末联考】【形容词】
A. satisfactory B. satisfied C. satisfaction D. satisfy
【答案】A
【解析】本题是形容词的辨析。首先要确定空格处需填人一个形容词，做is的表语。排除C、D两项。而satisfactory通常表示“(某物)令人满意的”；satisfied通常表示“(某人)对……感到满意”。
5 As we all know, _________ medical examination will help us find out health problems as early as possible. 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【形容词辨析】
A. regular B. general C. common D. normal
【答案】 A
【解析】. 定期体检。
6．Every child is __________, with their own needs, preferences and talents. 【湖北省六校联考】【形容词】
A．contradictory B．similar
C．original D．unique
【答案】D
【解析】本句译为“每个孩子都是独一无二的，他们有各自的需求、爱好以及天赋”。A项意为“相互矛盾的；对立的；不一致的”；B项意为“相似的”；C项意为“原来的；起初的；最早的”；均与题意不符。
7.The dress is two sizes ____for me．Would you please show me another one? 【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【形容词】
A．larger B．too large C．more large D．very large
【答案】B
【解析】习惯用语问题。在英语中，表示“衣帽等太大或太小而不合适”，须用too large／too small for sb。
8. The shop manager always says to his assistants, "We can never be friendly to customers. 【湖南省湘潭市2010届期末联考】【形容词】
A. so B. too C. that D. more
【答案】B
【解析】本题中too…to固定词组搭配，意为“太……以至于……”，含有否定的意思。
9. It's said that __________ is going to give us a lecture. 【西安市2010届期末联合测试】【形容词】
A. an American famous young B. a famous American youg
C. a famous young American D. a young famous American
【答案】C
【解析】本题是形容词知识的考查。famous是描绘性形容词，应放在前面，American 指的是国籍，放在young之后。
20.The question of that my family go to Beijing for a holiday is purely _______，
since we don't have any money。【辽宁省沈阳市2010届高三3月联考】【形容词】
A. academic B. practical C. possible D. considered
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试形容词。词汇academic“学术的”但是还有生僻意义“不切实际的”。例如：the question the student asked in class was purely academic。那位学生课上提的问题完全不切实际。从语境可知译文：我全家去北京度假的问题完全不切实际
21. No man probably had a greater effect on the daily lives of most people of the USA____ Henry Ford________, a pioneer in automobile production. 【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【形容词】
A. as ;was B. as; did C. than ;was D. than ; did
【答案】D
【解析】根据had a greater effect on 可知这句子要用比较级，而且 did 代动词，代替had an effect on the daily lives of most people of the USA,故选项D是正确的。
22．_____ and happy, Tom stood up and accepted the prize．【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第二次模拟考试】【形容词】
A．Surprising B．Surprised C．Being surprised D．To be
surprised
【答案】B
【解析】本句是形容词词组作状语，有时放在句子的前面，有时放在句子的后面。
23. His knowledge of English was _______ for the job ，although he was not fluent in the language。【甘肃省天水市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【形容词】
A. adequate B. enough C. suit D. fitful
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试形容词。结合所给答案可知译文：虽然他英语说得不流利，但是能胜任这份工作。单词adequate“充足的;足够的”，但是还有“可以胜任的;让人满意的;恰当的”之义。例如：This hotel room wasn't luxurious，but it was adequate.旅馆房间不奢华，但是可以让人满意。
高考频考点6. 副词
1. Let us not waste____________ time we have left. 【长春市2010届期末质量预测】
【副词】
A. the little B. little C. a little D. a little more
【答案】A
【解析】一般地说，不定代词many，little或few前是不许使用定冠词的，但是如果他们修饰的名词有特指或限定意义时，它们前面就应使用定冠词了。如：I soon
finished the few books she had lent me．（她借给我的那几本书，我很快就看完了乎）
2. All our employees in the big company are________acquainted with safety measures in case of an emergency。【内蒙古呼和浩特二中2010届期末联考】【副词】
A. fully B. quite C. very D. well
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试副词。结合具体的语境可知译文：我们公司的员工都非常熟悉安全措施，以防紧急情况发生。固定结构be acquainted with需要用fully来修饰。
3. The teacher ________ advised us to recite some famous model essays to succeed in the NMET. 【四川省雅安市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【副词】
A. much B. well C. quite D. strongly
【答案】D
【解析】主要测试副词。从具体语境可知译文：为了取胜于高考，老师强烈建议我们背诵一些经典范文。故此只能选strongly。
4. I'm sorry to trouble you----but will you tell me all that _______？【广西桂林市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【副词】
A. over again B. again and again C. now and again D. one again
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试副词短语。句子译文：打扰一下，您能重新给我说一边那事吗？所给的四个答案除了D不存在以外，其余均属于固定短语：A，再次、重新；B，反复地、一再地；C，不时地、间或。故此可以选出答案。
5. -----The headmaster talked with all the teachers in charge of the classes for hours. 【四川省雅安市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【副词】
———_______what decision did they make？
A. And B. Therefore C. So D. Yet
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试连词。由语境可知译文：---校长和所有班主任谈了好几个小时。-----那么他们作出了什么决定呢？此处and表示用来引出一个话题。例如：And now I would like to introduce a new student ，Lilin ，to you。现在我想大家介绍新学生李林。
高考频考点7. 介词和介词短语
1. You require too much ______ me. It’s beyond my power. 【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】【介词】
A. at with
【答案】C
【解析】require sth. of / from sb. ：要求某人给予……
2．—Does David often come to school ____ bus? 【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】
【介词】
—Yes, but sometimes he comes ____ his father‘s car. B. in C. of D.
A．take; in B．by; by C．by; in D．in; with
【答案】C
【解析】表乘坐方式用by +名词，中间不用冠词，如果名词前有a/ one’s 则用介词in或on。
3. We met an old friend in New York ____our expectation. She waved at us ____ the street when she saw us. 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【介词】
A. with, in beyond, from across
【答案】. D。
【解析】beyond one’s expectation的意思是“超出意料之外”；from表示“来自”，across表示“穿过”，两个介词连用更加准确地表达了wave的地点。
4． the weather, the sports meeting will be held on time. 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【介词短语】
A．In favor of B．Regardless of C．Apart from D．Due to B. out of; next to C. in; out of D.
【答案】B
【解析】【解析】考查介词短语辨析。语境说运动会按期举行，因此这里表示“不顾”天气情况，用B表示“不管，不顾”。其他选项的含义：A赞成，C除了……之外，D由于。
5. ----What do you know about him？【黑龙江省七台河市高三2010届3月月考】
【介词】
----He is a quiet man，married with three kids .That's ______ it.
A. about B. above C. beyond D. between
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试固定搭配。That's about it / all 。“该说的都说了，这就是全部。”属于非正式用语。例如：she is a strict teacher ，too ready to help students 。That's about it。她是一名严厉的老师，非常乐于帮助学生。大概情况就这样。
6. If you want to learn ，you must not be _______asking questions。【黑龙江省七台河市高三2010届3月月考】【介词】
A. about B. above C. against D.at
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试介词。此处考察了生僻意思above“不屑于，不致（做出某事）”，例如：she seems to think she's above doing any housework 。她好像认为做家务有损自己的身份。此处句子译文：如果您想学的一些东西，一定要勤学好问。
7. The handsome boy______ me on the train just sat between two beautiful girls。【海南省海口市2010届高三3月月考】【介词】
A. across B. across from C. against D. over
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试介词。由语境可知译文：火车上我对面潇洒的小伙子正好坐在两个漂亮女生中间。句子中across from属于符合介词，意思：对面。后面可以接人；但是across表示“对面”时，后面通常接物。
8. As it was late, the two sides agreed to discuss the matter ______ dinner in the restaurant. 【四川省德阳市高中2010届高三“一诊”考试】【介词】
A. for B. with C. during D. Over
【答案】D
【解析】测试介词的特殊意思。此句中over表示“一边、、、一边、、、”。例如：he went to sleep over his work 。他干着干着活儿就睡着了。We had a pleasant chat over a cup of tea。我们一边喝茶一边愉快地聊天。句子译文：因为时间较晚，双方一致同意：一边在饭店进餐，一边讨论事情。
9. The Los Angeles district attorney on Monday charged Michael Jackson's personal physician, Conrad Murray, ______ involuntary manslaughter in connection with the pop icon's death in June. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010届高三第七次月考】【介词】
A. of B. for C. with D. as
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查charge sb. with sth. 洛杉矶地方检察官周一指控迈克尔?杰克逊的私人医生莫瑞在这位流行巨星去年6月猝死事件中犯有过失杀人罪。
10. In china ，a bottle of alcohol would make a pleasant addition_________the meal with the friends。【天津市南大附中2010届第一次模拟试题】【介词】
A. on B. of C. during D. to
【解析】主要测试介词。句子译文：在中国，和朋友进餐来瓶白酒能增加氛围。结合题干和所给答案，以及所学知识可知名词addition作为“增加的人或东西（可数)”时，常接介词to。例如：the new members will be a welcome addition to the club。新成员受俱乐部的欢迎。
11. I'm not surprised the beautiful girl walked out ，______ the way the boy treated her。云南省曲靖市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【介词】
A. before B. after C. in D./
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试介词。由具体语境可知句子译文：因为男孩那样对待她，所以我对漂亮女孩的突然离开并不惊奇。此处如果有介词because of 或as a result of 均可以考虑，但是答案中的after的意思和他们相似：由于、既然。例如：After your letter ，I didn't think I'd ever see you again.由于你的这封信，我想我再也不会见您了。
12. _______all we've said，he still won't change his mind that he will go to the wild forest lonely。【西藏日喀则2010届高三第一次联考】【介词】
A. Before B. After C. In D. In spite
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试介词。句子译文：虽然我们说了许多，他仍然没有改变自己的注意：独自去森林。常见介词after 除了“在……之后”之意外，还有“尽管”之意，相当于in spite of 或despite 。例如：After all my hard work ，she still says it isn't neat enough。尽管我下了很大功夫，她还是说不够整洁。
13. During the war someone had made an attempt _______the President's life。
【广东省茂名市2010届高三一模】【介词】
A.at B.for C.in D.on
【答案】D
【解析】主要测试介词。平时的学习中：attempt on one's life “企图杀人”。故此可知选择on，主要是受到单词：attempt的制约。句子译文：战争期间，有人企图刺杀总统。
14. _________，most goods prices would be frozen or cut because of what America has done 。【河北省石家庄市2010届高三复习第一次教学质检】【介词】
A.In an agreement B.By an agreement
C.Under an agreement D.With an agreement
【答案】C
【解析】主要测试介词短语。所给四个答案中固定存在的只有：under an agreement “根据协议”。例如：under an agreement ，rent is to be paid strictly in advance。根据协议，租金需要提前交付。
15. Don't put on airs ______me .Anyhow ，I owe you nothing。【天津市2010届高三考前第一次测试】【介词】
A.in B.on C.to D.with
【答案】D
【解析】注意测试介词。首先应该理解句子译文：不要给我摆架子。无论怎样，我不欠您的。句子中airs属于熟词生义：架子。并且该结构中搭配介词with。
高考频考点8. 连词
1. Stop making so much noise my neighbour will start complaining. 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【连词】
A. or else. B. but still . C. and then. . D. so that .
【答案】A
【解析】or else “否则”，but still “但是还”，and then “然后”，so that “以便”。
2. More important, perhaps, education teaches us to see the connections between things, as well as ______ beyond our immediate needs. 【湖南省师大附中2010届高三下学期第七次月考】【连词】
A. to be seen seen B. to see C. seeing D. having
【答案】B
【解析】该句为简单句。as well as是连词，常连接对称的单词或短语。译作“不但…而且”、“也”。as well as在该句中连接动词不定式短语。句意为“更重要的是，教育教给我们要看到事物之间的联系，也教会我们超越眼前利益，看得长远一些。”
3. How can they learn anything they spend all their spare time wandering on the street? 【重庆市南开中学2010届高三10月月考】【连词】
A. while B. as C. because D. when
【答案】D
【解析】主要测试连词。解决此类试题的捷径：直接回归题干，寻找前后两句话的关系来确定所需要的连词。译文：如果他们把所有的空闲时间都用来逛街，那么他们怎样能学到些东西呢？此处when相当于if，属于when的熟词生义。
4．Water, which seems so simple and common, is_______makes life possible. 【四川省成都树德协进中学2010届高三上学期1月月考】【连词】
A．what B．that C．which D．How
【答案】A
【解析】测试连词。从句子中可知此处句子：_____makes life possible 需要主语，还要充当连接词，结合答案只能选what。
5. People who are not related to you ______are your very close
friends_______are as important to you as your family。【北京市西城区2010届高三第一学期期末考试】【连词】
A.and ；and B.and ；but C.but；but D.but；and
【答案】D
【解析】主要测试连词。此题的解题关键在于理解语境中句子的结构以及译文，此处people泛指“友人”，由语境可知译文：没有亲缘关系但关系密切、亲如家人的友人。另外该句话属于20xx年度十大流行语。
6. I am not sure how the company lost sight of ______matters to our customers the most。【广东省茂名市2010届高三一模】【连词】
A.what B.that C. all D.which
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试连词。首先应该分析句子结构，会发现句子：______matters to our customers the most需要主语而且还要引导该句子，来做介词of的宾语从句，浏览答案只能选what。句子译文：我不明白公司怎么就看不到客户最需要什么。
高考频考点9. 动词和动词短语
7．I’m terribly sorry to turn you down this time, but I promise I will ________ to you next time. 【湖北省六校联考】【动词短语】
A．pick it up B．make it up
C．turn it up D．set it up
【答案】B
【解析】本句译为“非常抱歉这次我拒绝了你，但是我保证下次一定会补偿你的。”A项意为“拿起；举起；（偶然）得到；听到；学会”；C项意为“开大，调高（音量、热量等）”；D项意为“建立；设立，开办”。
8．—Would you _____ a game of table tennis, Cathy?【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【动词短语】
—I‘d love to, but I still have piles of homework to do.
A．care for B．care about C．care to D．take care of
【答案】A
【解析】care for 喜欢，爱好；care about 在意，在乎，关心；care to 想，愿意（仅用于疑问句用否定句，to 是不定式符号，其后接动词原形）；take care of 照顾，照看。
9.The customer bargained with the shopkeeper for a long time, and finally they agreed ___________ the price. 【山西省太原市2010届一摸】【动词短语】
A. to B. with C. on D. at
【答案】C
【解析】本题既是介词的考查，也是固定搭配的考查。agree with后接人或what引导的短语，agree to后接动词原形，agree on sth表示在某一方面达成一致，没有agree at的用法。
10. The plan __________just because people were unwilling to cooperate (合作).
【山西省太原市2010届一摸】【动词短语】
A. broke down B. pulled down C. turned down D. put down
【答案】A
【解析】本题为词语的辨析。break down指失败，(车等)抛锚；pull down指推倒；turn down指拒绝；put down指放下。
11．The moment we heard the news of the earthquake, we began to ________ the work to rescue those who were trapped in the building.【湖北省六校联考】【动词短语】
A．set off B．set down
C．set aside D．set about
【答案】D
【解析】“set about sth./doing sth.”“开始做，着手做……”；A项意为“出发；动身；启程”；B项意为“写下，记下”；C项意为“把……放到一旁；省出，留出（钱或时间）。”本句译为“我们一听说地震的消息就立即开始着手救援那些被困在楼房中的人们”。
12.The best method to _____ this goal is to unite as many people as possible. 【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【动词】
A．undertake B．conduct C．perform D． accomplish
【答案】D
【解析】undertake“担任、约定、许诺”； conduct“指导、指挥”；perform“表演”； accomplish“成功地做完、实现（目标，任务）”，与goal搭配，意为“达到目标”。
13．—Hey, dear! Guess what? I’ve got a pay rise!
—This ________ a celebration! Let’s go to sing karaoke tonight. 【湖北省六校联考】
【动词短语】
A．calls for B．works out
C．brings about D．pays for
【答案】A
【解析】“call for”在本句中意为“需要”；B项意为“算出；处理；解决”；C项意为“导致；引起”；D项意为“为……付款；付代价；遭受惩罚”。
14. They _____a lot through group work on the sports field. 【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】【动词】
A. earned achieved
【答案】D B. gained C. won D.
【解析】achieve a lot：取得许多成就、成绩。A: earn a lot：挣了许多钱，B: gain a lot：得到了许多；C: win a lot：赢得了许多。
15．Food prices are climbing around the world because farmers can't ____ demand for grain．【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【动词短语】
A．catch up with
C．grow out of B．keep up with D．put up with
【答案】B
【解析】catch up with赶上；keep up with跟上；grow out of 出自于；put up with容忍。句子意思是“食品价格在全世界都在上升，因为农民跟不上对谷物的需求。”
16. The bus to Beijing was two hours late ，and ，___________，they tried to charge my children the full adult fares，so I became angry with them。【辽宁省抚顺市六校联合体2010届高三第二次模拟考试】【动词短语】
I might add B. I might admit C.I must add D.I must admit
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试动词短语。从具体语境可知译文：去北京的车晚了两个小时，而且，他们还想要我孩子买全额成人票，因此我非常生气。此处I might add 相当于besides 或moreover是“而且”的意思经常用作插入语。其余的答案中B和C不属于固定短语，D的意思“我承认/ 我不得不承认” .
17. It's time we ________ourselves to the business in hand。【甘肃省兰州市西北中学2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【动词】
A. addressed B. admitted C. got D. set
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试动词。所给答案均属于常见词、考纲要求词汇。但是有的词汇存在生义：address 本意“写地址；向……讲话”，其实该词还有一生义：探究（如何处理问题）。经常使用以下结构：address oneself to sth“使某人忙于某事”。例如：The headmaster now addressed himself to the task of educating the students being late for the morning exercise.那位老师正忙于教育早操迟到的学生。
18. Come on，_______！What did you do with Tom outside the school last night？
【宁夏银川市2010届高三第二次联考】【动词短语】
agree it B. admit it C. help it D. make it
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试动词短语。结合具体语境和所给答案可知选择admit it “说老实话；坦白”。句子译文：快坦白！昨晚您和汤姆在校外做了什么？
19. As senior students ，we only have two months to study and are
_________our summer vacation soon。【北京市海淀区2010届高三第一学期期末考试】【动词】
A. approaching B. arriving at C. getting to D. reaching
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试动词。从答案入手可知四个答案的意思有相近之处，应该考虑固定的搭配或其他区别来寻找答案。句子译文：我们高中学生还有两个月学习时间，很快就到暑假了。答案中approaching意思：临近、接近（尤其指时间上），正好符合语境。其余答案都侧重：到达。
20. The first of April is the day we remember _______we are the other 364 days of the year. 【北京市朝阳区2010届高三第一学期期末考试】【动词】
A. that B. which C. what D. who
【答案】C
【解析】主要测试连词。分析句子结构会发现：we are the other 364 days of the year。缺少连词，另外句中还需要表语，至此可以选出what。
高考频考点10. 主谓一致
1、Nothing but cars in the shop.【银川一中2010届高三年级第一次模拟考试】
A. is sold B. are sold C. were sold D. are going to sell
【答案】A
【解析】因有连词but,所以谓语形式跟Nothing一致,用第三人称单数。
2、The number of the people who cars increasing. 【河南省唐河三高2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】
A. owns, are B. owns, is C. own, is D. own, are
【答案】C
【解析】定语从句看被修饰的先行词:the number of作主语用单数形式。
3、On each side of the street a lot of trees. 【上海市晋元高级中学2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】
A. stands B. grow C. is standing D. are grown
【答案】B
【解析】倒装句,要看后面的主语。
4、Some person calling for you at the gate. 【甘肃省兰州一中2010届高三年级诊断考试】
A. are B. is C. is being D. will be
【答案】B
【解析】some person指"某人"是第三人称单数。
5、All that can be eaten eaten up. 【黑龙江省哈六中2010届高三一模】
A. are being B. has been C. had been D. have been
【答案】B
【解析】 主语"all"指的是"food",所以代不可数名词,是第三人称单数。
6、The students in our school each an English dictionary. 【湖南省湘潭市2010届高三第二次模拟考试】
A. have B. has C. had D. are having
【答案】A
【解析】因此句主语是the students,所以用复数。如果each作主语,谓语动词则用 第三人称单数形式。如:Each of the students / Each student has an English dictionary.
7. The boy sitting by the window is the only one of the students who 【山东省寿光市2010届普通高中阶段性监测】from the countryside in our school.
A. are B. is C. were D. was
【答案】B
【解析】根据句意,这个男孩是学校中唯一来自农村的学生,自然后面的定语从句 的主语是单数,所以谓语动词用单数形式,又因主从句时态保持一致,故B 是唯一正确答案。
高考频考点11. 动词时态和语态
1. We for cheap houses but haven't found we like yet. 【江西省九江市2010届六校联考】【动词时态】
A. are looking；one B. have looked； it
C. have been looking；one D. looked；them
【答案】C
【解析】考查现在完成进行时及不定代词one的用法
2. Hay, I _________ to meet you here. How long have you been here? 【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】【动词时态】
A. don‘t expect
C. haven‘t expect
【答案】B。
【解析】didn’t expect：（原先）没料到，现在知道了。类似的有：didn’t know …。
3. Now that we all the money, it' s no use turning on me and saying it' s all my fault. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【动词时态】
A. had lost
【答案】C
【解析】考查动词的时态。根据句子的意思,表示发生在过去的动作对现在所产生的影响，所以应该 用现在完成时。此句的意思是“由于我把所有的钱都去失了，所以再开始说是我的过错也就没有意 义了”。故选C。
4. --Hi, Tracy, you look tired. 【广西省六校2010届五次联考】【动词时态】 --I am tired. I__________ the living-room all day.
A.painted B. have been painting
C. had painted D. have painted
【答案】B
【解析】本题是对动词时态的考查。解此题的关键是抓住答语中的aⅡday，而D项只表示动作已经完成，没有强调一直做。 B. lost C. have lost D. lose B didn‘t expect D. wouldn‘t expect
5. The fire started in the basement and quickly____________ to the first floor where it destroyed all the______________ in the language lab. 【银川市2010届期末联考】
【动词时态和名词】
A. was spreaded; furniture and equipments B. was spreaded; furniture and equipment
C. spread ;furnitures and equipments D. spread ;furniture and equipment
【答案】D
【解析】本题是考查考生对于基本词汇的掌握情况。spread通常是不及物动词，不用被动。furniture和equipment都是不可数名词，没有复数。
6. --Have you ever seen Peter recently?
--Yes. He__________ me to ask you how you___________ along with your new job these days。【长春市2010届期末质量预测】【动词的时态】
A. has asked; have been getting B. asked ;were getting
C. often asks; are getting D. asked; are getting
【答案】D
【解析】文句的含义是：“近来你见到彼德了吗?”第一个答语是肯定的，后面的动作是过去的事，因此使用asked。第二空是否受asked的制约，要由离第二个空白处最近的动词决定，离它近的是动词不定式to ask，据此根据句意，第二个空白处应该使用现在进行时。
7．His sister left home in 1998, and _______since. 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】
【动词时态】
A．had not been heard of B．has not been heard of
C．had not heard of D．has not heard of
【答案】B
【解析】【解析】C、D是主动语态，hear of表示“听说”，后面应该有宾语。前句意思是“他妹妹年离开的家”，说明年前有音信，由此可判断下句意思是“她妹妹从年到现在以来才没有音信的（被听说过）”，因此是现在完成时态。
8. Bread and butter____________ for breakfast in many Chinese homes nowadays.
【河南省豫南九校2010一次联考】【动词时态】
A. serve B. servers C. is served D. are served
【答案】C
【解析】 bread和butter指“作早餐不可缺少的食物”，应视为单数的整体概念。Serve 作及物动词，其被动结构表示“被用作”，故选C项。
9. Where were you at lunch time? I a seat for you in the dining hall. 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【动词时态】
A. saved. B. was saving . C. have saved. D. had saved.
【答案】B
【解析】指吃午饭时为你留了一个座位。
10.— Seems you are quite familiar with Russia. 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】
【动词时态】
— That is because I _________ the country in 1999. A. have visited B. was visiting C. had visited D. visited
【答案】 D
【解析】. 该句有明显的过去时时间状语。
11.The longest bridge linking Hongkong to Chinese mainland at Zhuhai and Macao in a giant Y- shape, is due to be completed by 2015 and______to be in use for 120 years. 【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【动词时态】
A. will be expected B. is expecting C. is expected D. was expected
【答案】C.
【解析】 expect有to think or consider that something or someone is likely to come or happen “认为某人会来；认为某事会发生；预计”，不用将来时态。
高考频考点12. 情态动词和虚拟语气
1．These achievements_______ without the contribution of Qian Xuesen, a key
leader of the New China's nuclear, missile and so on．【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【虚拟语气】
A．would have been unthinkable C．would be unthinkable B．would not be unthinkable D．would not have been unthinkable
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。题干句子中“without the contribution of Qian Xuesen”表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气，谓语动词要用“would not lave done'’。
2. —What do you think of your nephew? ※【陕西省宝鸡市2010届期末统考】【情态动词】;
—He__________ be very naughty but at the same time you poor.
A. will ; will B. won't; can't
C. may ; may D. can; can't
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查情态动词的用法，前一空填“可能”含义的情态动词，排除A、B。后一空为惯用法，can't help doing是禁不住干某事。
3.—I promise her daughter she get a nice present on her birthday.
一Will it be a surprise to her? 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【情态动词】
A. should
【答案】D
【解析】情态动词shall用于二、三人称表示说话者的意图，允诺或警告，此处表许诺。故选D。
4. —What would you wish to do if you were a college student again?
—That's very hard to say, but I wish I when I was a college student. 【陕西省宝鸡市2010届期末统考】【虚拟语气】
A. has not studied biology B. did study biology
C. had studied biology D. studied biology
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查wish后接宾词从句的用法。Wish后接宾词从句，从句的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，因为题干提示与过去事实相反，故用had done
5．What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There _____ be twelve【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【情态动词】
A．should
【答案】A B．would C．will D．shall B. must C. would D. shall
【解析】考查情态动词。前句意思是，“你说什么，只有张票？”可见说话者感到吃惊，由此可判断下句说话意思是“‘应该’有张票”。should表示应该符合句意。
6．The scientists predict that if present trends____, women in 400 years will be 2cm shorter and have healthier hearts．【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【虚拟语气】
A．will continue
continued
【答案】B
【解析】if引导的真实条件状语从句常用一般现在时表示将来的概念，而主句要用将来时。
7. --- Where are the students ? How could they keep us waiting for so long? 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【情态动词】
--- They started an hour ago and they____ be here in fifteen minutes, I think.
A. might should
【答案】. C。 D. must B. would C. B．continue C．are continued D．will be
【解析】should在这里表示预期，“应该会，可能”。can表示有能力做或能够发生；would表示想象中的结果；must表推测，或表必须。
8. —— My goodness! I've just missed the train. 【重庆市酉阳一中2010届高三上学期第四次月考】【虚拟语气】
—— That's too bad. I am sure you__________it, if you had hurried.
A.could have caught B. had caught catch
【答案】A
【解析】测试虚拟语气。从具体语境可知译文如下：----老天！我刚好没赶上火车。----太糟糕了。我相信：如果您快点的话，一定能赶上的。故此可知表示对过去的推测。
9．My father ______ you a lift, even if he didn’t plan to take that way．【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第五次模拟考试】【情态动词】
A．must have given
B．might have given D．can’t have given C. would catch D. could C．should have given
【答案】B
【解析】句中even if he didn’t plan to take that way．说明该句子是对过去情况进行假设。即：if he hadn’t planned to take that way, he would /might have given you a lift．
10. If you didn't get through to his office just now，you ________ always try ringing her again 【广西梧州市2010届高三第一次模拟考试】【情态动词】。 could B. need C. ought to D. must
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试情态动词。结合语境和所给答案，可以选出could相当于can经常和always搭配：can / could always “（建议可能的行为）总还；总还有；随时可
以”。句子译文：如果刚才您没接通他办公室电话，您总还可以试着再给他打个电话。
11. People must want to know how Tiger woods so cruel things to his wife Elin and to his children. 【北京市通州区2010届高三第一学期期末考试】【虚拟语气】
A. could have done B. need have done
C. ought have done D. must have done
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试情态动词和虚拟语气。有语境结合所给答案可知句子译文：人们一定想知道老虎伍兹怎么能对他的妻子艾琳和孩子做出如此残酷的事情。所给答案意思各不相同，另外四个答案的语气也各不相同，至此可以选出最佳答案。
高考频考点13. 非谓语动词
1. The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see___________ the next year 【长春市2010届期末质量预测】【非谓语动词】
A. carry out B. carrying out
C. carried out D. to carry out
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查的是定语从句的用法。在这个定语从句里，they是其主语，would like to see是其复合谓语，that修饰的是先行词the plan，同时that也是see的宾语，the plan是被执行的，被实施的，只有过去分词可以表示被动。
2．I made a fire ____up the room as soon as my father came in．【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【非谓语动词】
A．warm B．warmed C．to warm D．warming
【答案】C
【解析】“make”在此不表示使役动词。to war-m up the room不定式作目的状语。
3. He is believed____________ in at his office on his way home. 【河南省郑洛汴2010届一摸】【非谓语动词】
A. dropping B. to have dropped
C. having dropped D. to be dropped
【答案】B
【解析】首先be believed to do是固定用法；drop in at接地点表示拜访某地。
4. As ________ , they were waiting for us at the airport. 【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】【非谓语动词】
A. plan
B. planning C. being planned
【答案】D。 D. planned
【解析】本句考查as引导非限制性定语从句。As planned句中省略了it was。
5. I remember _______, but I have forgotten the exact number. 【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】【非谓语动词】
A. paying
C. to pay
【答案】B
【解析】考查remember的用法。从后半句推出pay这个动作发生过，故在A、B中选。又pay 是及物动词，如选主动式，则缺宾语。
6. --- Could you introduce me a high quality car? 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】
【非谓语动词】
--- My pleasure. ____ well even on wet roads, this kind of car is very popular. A. Handled D. Being handled B. To handle C. Handling B. being paid D. to be paid
【答案】. C。
【解析】handle的逻辑主语是句子的主语this kind of car，当动词用来表示主语的特性时，用主动，如wash, sell, write等，所以此处要用现在分词结构做原因状语。
7. The lecture mainly deals with the trouble young children have_______ right from wrong. 【江西省九江市2010届六校联考】【非谓语动词】
A. distinguished B. to distinguish
C. distinguishing D. to be distinguished
【答案】C
【解析】考查句型：have trouble(in) doing sht.
8. All her time the experiment, she had no time to see the film. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【非谓语动词】
A. devote to do do
【答案】B
【解析】该题目考查的是非谓语动词。devote的用法是：devote sth to sth, 在这道题中All her time 在逻辑上充当了 devote 的宾语，所以必须使用过去分词而不能使用现在分词，也就是说它们构成了 sth be devoted to doing sth 的结构。故选 B。
9. With all the novels he was interested in _______, he left the library and went back to his dorm. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【非谓语动词】
A. borrowed B. borrowing C. to borrow D. borrow B. devoted to doing C. devoting to doing D. is devoted to
【答案】A
【解析】此题考察with的复合结构。with + o. + O.c. ; 过去分词做宾补，表被动。意思是：所有他感兴趣的小说都被借了。
10. _______that they lost the game, tears came down Kate’s face. 【重庆一中2010届高三上学期第一次月考】【非谓语动词】
A. On hearing the news B. When heard the news
C. The moment she heard the news D. While hearing the news
【答案】C
【解析】测试省略。应该注意符合句子的省略应该遵循以下原则：从句的主语和主句的主语相同，而且谓语动词是be动词时，可以把主语、动词be及连词省略。例如：
seeing the teacher entering the classroom ，the student pretended to be studying 。由此可判断出上面试题的答案。
11. -----I’ll go back to our hometown the day after tomorrow. 【河南省驻马店市2010届高三上学期期末考试】【非谓语动词】
----Have you got anything _____to your parents?
A.to be taken B. being taken C, to take D. Taken
【答案】A
【解析】测试语境中非谓语动词。译文：----我后天后老家。----你给父母带了些东西吗？由动词get sth to be done 可知答案。
高考频考点14. with复合结构和独立主格结构
1. The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back. 【广西省六校2010届五次联考】【独立主格结构】
A.to be tied B. being tied C. tied D. having tied
【答案】C
【解析】本题又是一道独立主格结构中的省略考查。同样的方法，将原句恢复：“with hands(where were)tied behind his back．”
高考频考点15. 名词性从句
1. Whether ways will be found to stop pollution or not is just___________ worries the public.
A. why B. which C. that D. what【山西省太原市2010届一摸】
【名词性从句】
【答案】D
【解析】本题为what引导的表语从句，从句中缺少主语，所以用what。
2. — Can we get everything ready by the weekend? 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【名词性从句】
— It all depends on we can get Mr Green‘s cooperation.
A. that B. what C. whether D. if
【答案】C
【解析】whether 引导宾语从句，句意为“那得视我们能否得到Mu Green 的合作而定。”
3.The reason _______ he gave for being late was ________ he overslept this morning．【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【定语从句和名词性从句】
A. why; that
C. which; that
B. why; because D. which; because
【答案】 C
【解析】. 第一空为定语从句，从句中缺宾语；第二个空为表语从句，从句中不缺成分。 4. Meals in Spain are quite different from ____ they have in China. 【重庆八中2010届高三上学期第二次月考】【名词性从句】
A. which B. what C. that D. whom 【答案】B
【解析】考查名词性从句。句意：西班牙的饮食和他们在中国吃的完全不同。from后由what引导宾语从句，其本身在从句中充当have的宾语，表示所吃的东西。 高考频考点16. 定语从句
1. I work in a business ______ almost everyone is waiting for a great chance. 【吉林省长春十一中2010届期末考试】【定语从句】
A. how
B. which
C. where 【答案】C
D. that
【解析】本题考查关系副词where在定语从句中的用法。现行词a business表示地点“公司”，在定语从句中作状语，故选用where。
2. Is this the restaurant ___________ ? 【河南省豫南九校2010一次联考】【定语从句】
A. which you work B. in which you work C. for which you work D. where you work in
【答案】B
【解析】介词通常放在which和whom引起的定语从句之前。关系代词that和关系副词when、where等都不能做介词的宾语。该句中的restaurant为先行词，又因为work为不及物动词，所以该句应为关系副词引导的定语从句。这里where=in(at)which，因而D项中的in是多余的。
3. Living in the central Australian desert has its problems. not the least. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【定语从句】 A. of which B. for what C. as D. whose 【答案】A
【解析】非限定性定语从句关系代词在定语从句中作介词宾语。故选A。
4. Last month, part of Southeast Asia was struck by floods, from _____ effects the people are still suffering.【甘肃省兰州一中2010届诊断考试】【定语从句】
A. that
B. whose obtaining water is
C. those 【答案】B
D. what
【解析】本题题干中的effects和先行词floods之间有所属关系，所以要用whose，这样from whose effects一起引导定语从句。本题答案是：B。
5. We have gathered nearly 100,000 quilts, ___ up to half have gone to the flood-hit areas. 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【定语从句】 A. with which B. in which of which 【答案】.
D。
C. for which
D.
【解析】which指代先行词quilts，介词of表示“部分”，定语从句的正常语序应该是up to half of which (= , quilts) have gone to the flood-hit areas。
74. Mark was a student at this university from 1999 to 2003, __________ he studied very hard and was made Chairman of the Students’ Union. 【甘肃省兰州一中2010届诊断考试】【定语从句】
A. during which time C. during whose time
B. for which time D. by that time
【答案】A
【解析】通过分析属干可以知道。先行词表示的是一个时间段，且在从句中充当时间状语，根据这个意思，用“介词 + 关系代词”引导定语从句。c项中的whose不能用来指代时间。本题答案是：A。
6. Put yourself in situations _____ you will be forced to communicate in English, and you will see more progress over time . 【湖南省雅礼中学2010届高三第七次月考】
【定语从句】
A. when B. that C. where D. How
【答案】C
【解析】本题考查定语从句中连接词的用法。当先行词为situations时，关系副词为where。句意：把自己置身于下面的情境中：你被迫只能用英语交流，过段时间你会看到自己的进步。
高考频考点17. 状语从句
1. --- How I wish we studied ____ there are fewer exams! 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【状语从句】
--- You‘re joking!
A. where place where D. in where
【答案】. A。
【解析】本题考查地点状语从句。由where引导出地点状语，表示“在考试少的地方”
2．—The thread of my kite broke and it flew away. 【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【状语从句】
—I told you it would easily break _____ it was the weakest.
A．when B．for C．since D． where B. in which C. the
【答案】D
【解析】 从语境可知，这是一个由where引导的地点状语从句，意思是：在风筝线最细的地方容易断。其他三项无论是引导时间状语从句还是原因状语从句均不符合题意。
3. I couldn't have got to the meeting on time____________ an earlier train. 【西安市2010届期末联合测试】【状语从句】
A. if I had not caught B. unless I had caugh
C. if ! did not catch D. unless I caugh
【答案】B
【解析】 if．．．not和unless有时也不能互相替换。unless不能用于“由于未发生B而发生A”的句子里，如：1 will be quite斟ad if she does not come this evening。unless常用来引导一个谈及过去的事后的想法，unless从句跟着主句，通常用破折号而不是逗号将它与主句分开。
4. She liked the dictionary so much that she would like to take it ____________ it cost. 【河南省郑洛汴2010届一摸】【状语从句】
A. why B. how much C. whatever D. how expensive
【答案】C
【解析】这句话意为“她非常喜欢这本字典，不管花费多少她都要买。”D应为however expensive。
5. We should be able to do the job for you quickly, you give us all the necessary information. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【状语从句】
A. in case
【答案】B
【解析】provided that 引导条件状语从句。意为：“只要”，故选B。
高考频考点18. 特殊句式
1. --I hope he won't get ill during the examinations.
--___________ . He has been very well recently. 【湖南省湘潭市2010届期末联考】
【省略句】
A. Certainly B. No C. Not D. Yes
【答案】B
【解析】本题中的否定回答用no，而不是not，此题回答是省略的，原为No，he won't．
2. He is only too ready to help others, seldom, , refusing them when they turn to him. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【省略句】
A. if never
【答案】B B. if ever C. if not D. if any B. provided that C. or else D. as if
【解析】本题考查考生在语境中灵活运用、辨析短语用法的能力，此处seldom,if ever 是i f there is ever 的省略形式，there is ever, 是“如果有也是少见的，几乎从来不”的意思。故选B。
3 ---Mum, I am afraid I won’t do well in the coming test. 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【祈使句】
--- Honey, ____ more careful, ____ you will make it.
A. is; so D. being; and B. be; and C. be; then
【答案】. B。
【解析】祈使句用动词原形开头，祈使句+and+简单句相当于由if引导的主从复合句。
4.Why didn't you tell me there was no meeting today? I all the way here through the heavy snow. 【湖南省湘潭市2010届期末联考】【省略句】
A. needn't have driven B. can't have driven
C. mustn't have driven D. shouldn't have driven
【答案】A
【解析】本题中needn't have done意为“本来不需要”；D为“本来不应该”。
5. I just don't understand_______ that prevents so many Americans from being as happy as one might expect. 【银川市2010届期末联考】【强调句型】
A. why it does B. what it does C. what it is D. why it is
【答案】C
【解析】本题是宾语从句中的强调句使用。可以将原句恢复：“It is what that prevents so many Americans…”但是英语中疑问代词或副词需放句首。
6. find my wallet, Tom? 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【强调句型】
B. Where was it you A. Where did you that
C. Where have you D. Where was it that you
【答案】D
【解析】考查强调句，强调地点状语。故选D。
7. — the accident happened? — It’s said to happen on his way to work【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【强调句】
A. Do you know it is where that B . where is it th at do you know
C. Do you know where it is that D. where do you know it is that
【答案】D
【解析】强调句型。
8．The computer was used in teaching. As a result, not only__________, but
students became more interested in the lessons. 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】
【倒装句】
A．saved was teachers’ energy B．was teachers’ energy saved
C．teachers’ energy was saved D．was saved teachers’ energy
【答案】B
【解析】【解析】考查倒装句。在英语中not only位于句首时主谓要倒装，因此该句子中的主语teachers’ energy与谓语was saved要用倒装语序。句意是“教学中计算机的使用，不仅节省了老师的精力，而且学生对课程产生了兴趣”。
9. How long do you think ________ the computer company brings out a new product?
【山东省沂南一中2010届高三上学期期末考试】【固定结构】
A. it will be before B. will it be until C. will it be when D. it will be that
【答案】A
【解析】本题考查一个固定结构，即：It will be +段时间+ before…，解释为“要过（多久）才”，本句实际上是对其时间的提问，所以只有选A。
10．Read the passage and correct the mistakes, ______．【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第二次模拟考试】【省略句】
A．if not B．if any C．if ever D．if never
【答案】B
【解析】if any 是if there are any mistakes 是省略句结构
11．—Have you seen Rose recently? 【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【固定句型】
— No．It’s five years _____ I met her．
A．since B．after C．when D．before
【答案】A
【解析】考查句型“It is /has been +一段时间+since+ 从句”结构。
12. I don't think there will be more than 40 students left in the class，_______，because the environment of study is not fit for studying。【广东省揭阳市2010届高三上学期期末质量调考】【省略句】
A. if any B. if possible C. if ever D. if so
【答案】A
【解析】主要测试省略。有所给答案可知属于省略的结构。四个答案的意思分别：“如果有一些”、“如果可能”、“如果曾经”、“如果那样”。结合具体语境可知句子译文：我认为即使这个班还有学生的话也不会超过四十个，因为这儿没有学习氛围。
高考频考点19. 交际用语
1. --Hello, this is 77553861. -- 【广西省六校2010届五次联考】【交际用语】
A. How are you? B. Will you come tonight?
C. Can I take a message? D. Is that Mike?
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查日常的交际用语。此题只要细心一些，应该不难找出答案
2 —Will you go fishing with me?【河南省豫南九校2010一次联考】【交际用语】 —___________.
A. No, I'll be very busy B. Yes, I'll be glad
C. Certainly, I'll be sorry D. Certainly, I'll be glad to
【答案】D
【解析】此处be dad后面要接to。若去不了，可以说But I'm afraid I’U very busy或Sorry，but I can't或I’d like t0 but I’ll be very busy等。
3.— Sorry, I can’t go camping with you. I have to prepare well enough for the entrance exam. 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【交际用语】
— ________! We can camp together next time.
A. Don't say so B. Congratulations C. Good luck D. No problem
【答案】 C
【解析】. Good luck! 用来表示祝愿对方考试好运。
4.— You mustbe excited about going to Japan for schooling.
—__________ , but I'm afraid I can't do well because Japanese is poor.【陕西省宝鸡市2010届期末统考】【交际用语】
A. Never mind B. Well, I ought to
C. I don‘t know yet D. Certainly not
【答案】B
【解析】本题关键是抓住答语中提供的信息，“恐怕我做不好，因为我的日语很差。”所承接问旬B选项“我本该很高兴”最符合题意。
5．—What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game.
【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【交际用语】
—_____. Whatever you want to do is fine with me.
A．It just depends C．All right B．It’s up to you D．Glad to hear that
【答案】B
【解析】选项A意思是：看情况，表示情况不定；B意思是：由你定，表示不管干什么，我都不在乎；C意思是：行，好，表示赞同；D意思是：听到这事很高兴，表示心情。根据上下文及选项的意思，答案选B。
6.—Shall I give you a ride? It’s such a long distance for you to walk home.【江西省九江市2010届六校联考】【交际用语】
—Thank you. .
A. If you prefer B. Couldn‘t be better
C. Do as you like D. It‘s up to you
【答案】B
【解析】测试交际用语以及形容词比较级表示最高级的意思。Couldn’t be better的意思是：这再好不过了。故应选B。
7.—How about going out for a picnic on Sunday morning? 【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【交际用语】
—Hmm．___．The weather is very good these days．
B．Well, no way C．Oh, never mind D．Sure, A．Yes, why not
no matter
【答案】A
【解析】此题考查交际英语：Why not是用来回答提建议的日常用语。
8. --What are you doing this weekend?
--I haven't decided yet. ____________?【银川市2010届期末联考】【情景交际】 --Well, I thought we could have another family party.
A. What B. All right C. Why D. Pardon
【答案】C
【解析】本题是交际用语的考查。关键是认真读题，理解第一个说话人的回答：“我想我们可以再开一个家庭聚会”。只有c项符合题意。
9. —Hi, there! Table for two? OK. ________?【山东省沂南一中2010届高三上学期期末考试】【交际用语】
—Yes, it should be under Smith.
A. Can I have your name, please B. Do you have a reservation
C. Would you like something to drink D. Would you please take a seat
【答案】B
【解析】测试交际用语。注意对话的语境。句子译文：----喂，您好！双人桌？好的。您们预约了吗?-----是的，姓名史密斯。
10. --- Do you really mean to prepare our lecture two months in advance? 【湖南省师大附中2010届高三下学期第七次月考】【交际用语】
--- Sure. Anyway, ___________
A. a good beginning is half done. in the bush.
C. a fall into a pit, a gain in your wit. worm. B. a bird in the hand is worth two D. the early bird catches the
【答案】D
【解析】The early bird catches the worm. “早起的鸟有虫吃”；符合语境。A项意为“良好的开端是成功的一半。”；B项意为“二鸟在林，不如一鸟在手； 多得不如现得”；C项意为“吃一堑，长一智”。
11. --- Do you mind if I look at your new mobile phone? 【四川省德阳市高中2010届高三“一诊”考试】【交际用语】
--- Of course not. _________.
A. Please don‘t B. It depends C. Be my guest D. No way
【答案】C
【解析】测试交际用语。By my guest “请便；随便”例如：“Do you mind if I use your dictionary？”“Be my guest .”
12. —— What about the rent? 【重庆市酉阳一中2010届高三上学期第四次月考】
【交际用语】
——_________.You can pay weekly or monthly．
A．Not at all B．that’s all right C．You can’t miss it D． It’s up to you
【答案】D
【解析】测试交际用语。主要应该兼顾具体语境，尤其是You can pay weekly or monthly．“按周付房租或按月随你便。”可知此事由第一人决定，所以选it's up to you。由你来决定。
13. ---I'd like to take a chance and run a business. 【重庆南开中学2010届高三上学期期中考试】 【交际用语】
--- Do you know about the local market?
A. No problem B. Better play it safe
C. Do as you please D. Think nothing of it
【答案】B
【解析】主要测试交际用语。此类试题的关键在于：弄明白所给答案的使用语境。此处：better play it safe “最好谨慎行事”。
14. ---It’s too hard．I can’t figure it out, Mommy. 云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第三次模拟考试】【交际用语】
--- _______, Tommy．You can make it!
A．No problem B．No hurry C．Come on D．That’s OK
【答案】C
【解析】on用于鼓励对方，表示“来吧，加油”。
15. It’s necessary to be prepared for a job interview. ______ will certainly do you good. 湖南省长沙市一中?雅礼中学2010届高三3月月考联考】【交际用语】
A. Well dressed up B. Well dressing C. Being well dressed D. Well dressing
【答案】C
【解析】考查非谓语动词作主语。句意：参加工作面试时有必要做准备，穿合适的衣服肯定对你有好处。doing能作主语，表示“穿着什么样的衣服”需用be dressed in，由此可知答案为being well dressed。
高考频考点20. 完形填空
〈1〉【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【记叙文】
During the war, a fighter pilot was shot down over enemy 21 territory. Fortunately, he was saved by a group of nuns from a nearby convent. When he 22 himself, he found a woman leaning over him.
It was Sister Maria, the nun 23 . She said to the pilot, ― This convent is a teaching hospital. We have many girls here, learning how to be 24 . We will hide you here, but you have to obey very strict rules.‖
The pilot agreed to 25 himself as a nurse. He was not allowed to talk with others. By shaving twice a day, wearing a wig and a nurse‘s uniform, he was able to fool anyone at a 26 . It was a difficult life, however, especially when one of the nursing students caught his eye. She was very 27 , turning away whenever she saw him glancing her way.
One day the pilot could 28 it no longer. He found the nurse cooking in the 29 . He crossed over to her and said, ―Please don‘t turn away. I‘ve fallen in love with you.‖ He started to put his arms round the nurse. The nurse then said something that made the pilot step 30 in astonishment.
21. A. possessed B. had C. occupied
22. A. came up B. came to over D. taken D. came C. came out
23. A. of charge B. in charge
24. A. doctors
25. A. disguise
26. A. glare
27. A. sad
28. A. stand B. teachers C. with charge C. patients D. on charge D. nurses B. make C. pretend B. distance D. regard C. look D. time D. shy D. manage
D. kitchen
D. up B. curious C. lovely B. take C. insist C. office 29. A. hall B. room 30. A. back
21【答案】C B. forward C. away
【解析】占据，占用。由句子可知是被敌人占据的领域。
22【答案】B
【解析】come to oneself 表示苏醒过来。
23【答案】B
【解析】in charge 表示负责、管理
24【答案】D
【解析】根据上下文得知那些女孩学习怎样当护士。
25【答案】A
【解析】disguise假装，伪装
26【答案】B
【解析】at a distance 是固定短语，表示“稍远”
27【答案】D
【解析】从后面的“turning away…”，可知此处是“shy” 28【答案】A
【解析】根据上下文表示“无法忍受”
29【答案】D
【解析】从“cooking”一词知道其工作的地点是在厨房kitchen
30【答案】A
【解析】step back 表示“后退”
〈2〉【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【记叙文】
The telephone rang in my ninth-grade high school classroom.“Jill , please come to the counseling office (教导处)！”As I walked down the hall ,I 36 , why would
someone want me to come to the counseling office? As I stepped into the counseling office ,I was 37 by a girl who needed to speak to someone about her friend. I was reassured by the school counselor (辅导员) that I was not 38 and that someone needed to talk with me. I was called because I was a member of 39 .
The Breakfast Club is 40 a club where one eats breakfast . It is an organization of 41 started thirteen years ago 42 a young student’ s suicide (自杀). His mother thought that it could have been prevented 43 her son talked to someone about how he was feeling.
The B. C. as we call it 44 ,give us an opportunity to 45 talk to our peers (同辈) about anything on their minds and 46 .Our 47 :We care but we don’t cure. Members from the previous year ,teachers ,and counselors 48 students for the Breakfast Club. The club is a 49 group including ,Asians ,blacks, whites, ,athletes, musicians, and students with all levels of 50 achievement ,The criteria (条件) for 51 the group is to be a good 52 ,be able to brainstorm ideas, and 53 give advice! We barely knew one another in the beginning , but we became 54 after all the training 55 we went through.
36. A. knew B. wondered C. murmured D. shouted
37. A. met B. hit C. greeted D. seated
38. A. in need B. in difficulty C. in trouble D. in time
39. A. the counseling office B. the school C. our class D. the Breakfast Club
40. A. just B. only C. such D. not
41. A. teachers B. students C. blacks and whites D. parents
42. A. as a result of B. against C. because D. regardless of
43. A. if B. for C. had D. did
44. A. at present B. in brief C. for fun D. for short
45. A. privately B. secretly C. frankly D. kindly
46. A. in their family B. in their hearts C. in their school D. from their friends
47. A. belief B. banner C. note D. motto
48. A. select B. permit C. recognize D. thank
49. A. perfect B. international C. diverse D. morning
50. A. working B. various C. different D. academic
51. A. going to B. belonging to C. contacting D. participating
52. A. organizer B. student C. listener D. speaker
53. A. quickly B. then C. not D. yet
54. A. fast friends B. common friends C. strong opponents D. dear relatives
55. A. study B. care Ｃ.struggle D. experiences
36【答案】B
【解析】wonder 意为“对……感到疑惑，想知道”。其它同句意不符。 37【答案】A
【解析】I was met by a girl…无论从句意和结构上A更恰当。weet比greet句含的意义比“问候”更丰富。
38【答案】C
【解析】in trouble “遇到麻烦”，选择C句意恰当。
39【答案】D
【解析】a member of… 表示属于某组织的成员，而且下文接着解释the breakfast club 是干什么的,所以答案选D 。
40【答案】D
【解析】根据上下文判断breakfast club 就不是吃breakfast 的地方，而是学生间相互交流沟通的俱乐部。
41【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文判断breakfast club 是学生发起组织起来的。
42【答案】A
【解析】as a result of 表示“由于……而产生的结果”后接名词。
43【答案】C
【解析】表达情况的虚拟语气，从句省略了if 而使用倒装结构，bad 前置。
44【答案】D
【解析】for short 为固定短语，意为“简写为”。
45【答案】A
【解析】privately 意为“个人谈话”，强调私人性质为个别交流，而secretly 强调保守秘密，不让第三者知道。
46【答案】B
【解析】in their hearts和on their winds 作并列结构，起到强调everything 的作用。 47【答案】D
【解析】motto 指“座右铭”
48【答案】A
【解析】从句意上选择select 更恰当。
49【答案】C
【解析】diverse 指“多元化的”、“形形色色的”，强调不同成份。
50【答案】D
【解析】academic achievement 指学习成绩。
51【答案】B
【解析】belong to “属于”，participate“参与”
52【答案】C
【解析】listener 才符合breakfast club 倾听沟通的宗旨。
53【答案】C
【解析】作为a good listener,应该“集思广益”（brainstorm）,听取咨询者的倾诉，而不是提建议。
54【答案】A
【解析】fast friends 指更快成为朋友，开始并不认识。
55【答案】D
【解析】go through all the training and experiences指“共同经历”，其他与句意不符。
〈3〉【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【夹叙夹议】
A newly trained teacher named Molly went to teach at a Navajo Indian reservation. Every day, she would ask five of the young Navajo students to __36__ the chalkboard and complete a simple math problem from 37 homework.
They would stand there, silently, 38 to complete the task. Molly couldn‘t figure it out.
39 she had studied in her educational curriculum helped, and she 40 hadn‘t seen anything like it in her student-teaching days back in Phoenix.
What am I doing wrong? Could I have chosen five students who can‘t do the 41 ? Molly would wonder. No, 42 couldn‘t be that. Finally she 43 the students what was wrong. And in their answers, she learned a 44 lesson from her young 45 pupils about self-image and a(n) 46 of self-worth.
It seemed that the students 47 each other‘s individuality and knew that 48 of them were capable of doing the problems. 49 at their early age, they understood the senselessness of the win-lose approach in the classroom. They believed no one would 50 if any students were shown up or embarrassed at the 51 . So they 52 to compete with each other in public.
Once she understood, Molly changed the system 53 she could check each child‘s math problem individually, but not at any child‘s expense 54 his classmates. They all wanted to learn, 55 not at someone else‘s expense.
36．A．go to B．come to
37．A．his B．their C．get close to C．his own
C．readily D．bring D．her D．unwilling 38．A．happy B．willingly
39．A．Anything
40．A．almost
41．A．question B．Nothing C．Everything D．Neither D．never D．homework B．certainly C．hardly B．chalkboard C．problem
42．A．they B．it C．everything D．each
43．A．asked B．questioned C．told D．understood
44．A．outstanding B．surprising C．annoying D．frightening
45．A．sunburned B．tender C．Indian D．naughty
46．A．sense B．image
47．A．had B．ignored
48．A．none B．no one
49．A．Especially C．way D．aspect C．respected D．cared C．each D．not all C．Even so D．Even B．Even though
50．A．lose B．win C．achieve D．answer
51．A．time B．situation C．chalkboard D．condition
52．A．refused
53．A．if B．rejected C．tried D．promised B．so that C．unless D．in case
D．in front of 54．A．in favour of B．of C．by means of
55．A．and B．but C．so D．or
36【答案】A
【解析】每天让五个Navajo Indian（纳瓦霍印第安）学生上黑板做简单的数学题 37【答案】B
【解析】根据上文中的five of the young Navajo students，这里用their。 38【答案】D
【解析】学生不愿意在黑板上做。
39【答案】B
【解析】他在教育课程中什么都没有学到。
40【答案】B
【解析】为什么学生不愿在黑板上做？Molly弄不明白了。她在教育课程中学到的东西也不能帮助她弄清这个问题，且她在Phoenix教学生的那些日子当然不会遇到这样的事情。
41【答案】C
【解析】Molly开始反思：是不是我选了五个不会做这道题的学生？
42【答案】B
【解析】情况不是那样。这里用it，代指上文提到的事情。
43【答案】A
【解析】根据下文的“answers”，这里应该用asked。
44【答案】B
【解析】根据上下文联系得出答案。
45【答案】C
【解析】根据上下文联系得出答案。
46【答案】A
【解析】Molly从纳瓦霍印第安小学生了解到他们的自我形象意识和自尊感，这令她感到惊讶。
47【答案】C
【解析】他们尊重彼此的个性。表示“尊重”用“respected”。
48【答案】D
【解析】他们知道并不是所有的学生都能做出那些数学题。“并不是所有的”表示部分否定，用“not all”。
49【答案】D
【解析】even 在这里表示强调。
50【答案】B
【解析】根据句意及上下文联系得出答案
51【答案】C
【解析】他们认为如果任何人在黑板前被揭露不会做或者感到尴尬,他们都会成为失败者。
52【答案】A
【解析】他们拒绝在公共场所彼此竞争。这里要用“refuse”，reject 含有“拒绝接受”之意。
53【答案】B
【解析】so that “以便”。
54【答案】D
【解析】 in front of his classmates 在同学面前。
55【答案】B
【解析】 but 表示转折
〈4〉【江西省九江市2010届六校联考】【夹叙夹议】
“If you live each day as if it were your last, someday you‘ll most certainly be right.‖ It was the quote that 36 me deeply when I was 17, and since then, for the past 34 years, I have looked 37 the mirror every morning and asked myself: ― If today were the last day of my life, would I want to do what I am about to do today?” And whenever the answer has been “ 38 ” for too many days in a 39 ， I know I need to change something.
Remembering that I’ll be 40 soon is the most important thing I’ve ever known to help me to make a 41 in life because almost everything falls off in the face of death， 42 only what is truly important.
About a year ago the doctor 43 my illness as cancer, he even advised me to go home and get my affairs in 44 . I lived with that diagnosis all day. 45 , at last an 46 test showed that it was a very rare cancer which was 47 with surgery. After the surgery I feel and look fine now.
Death is the destination we all 48 , no one has ever escaped it，though. And that is 49 it should be because death is very likely the single best invention of life. It clears out the old to make way for the new .Right now the new is you, but someday not too long from now, you will 50 become the old and be 51 away.
Your time is 52 ,so don’t waste it living someone else’s life. Don’t be 53 by dogma(教条), otherwise that means 54 with the results of other people’s thinking. Don’t let the noise of others’ opinions drown out your own inner 55 . And most importantly, have the courage to follow your heart.
36. A. impressed
37. A. at
38. A. Yes B. worried C. discouraged D. disappointed D. over D. Wrong B. in C. after B. No C .Right
39. A. hurry B. moment C. line D. row
40 .A. successful
41 .A .will B. right C. missing C. promise
C. gaining D. dead D. choice D. abandoning
D. suspected B. fortune 42 .A. proving B. leaving 43. A. diagnosed B. confirmed C .doubted
C. order 44 .A. charge B. ruins
45. A. However
46. A. elementary
47. A. incurable
48. A. want D. control B .But C. So D. Therefore B. advanced C. experienced D. experimental B. curable C. fatal D. changeable D. hate B. avoid C. share
49. A. whoever
50. A. practically B. who C. as D. so B. actually C. gradually D. eventually
51. A. cleared B. put C. died D. washed
52. A. limited B. limiting
53. A. followed C. lacking D. rare C. excited D .trapped B. cheated
54. A. fighting B. living
55. A. voice
36【答案】A B. sound C. dealing D. playing C. love D. direction
【解析】就是这句话给我留下了深刻的印象（impress）.
37【答案】B
【解析】looked into the mirror:照镜子， and asked myself……说明作者在乎自己与后文形成呼应：努力过好每一天。
38【答案】B
【解析】根据下文的need to change something可以推理出，此处应是否定回答。前面问句为一般疑问句，所以回答一般用yes或者No。
39【答案】D
【解析】in a row:连续不断地。这里表示连续多日对上文中的自问问题给以否定回答。 40【答案】D
【解析】根据上文：if today were the last day of my life提醒（remembering）自己时日不长：be dead soon。
41【答案】D
【解析】make a choice:做出选择to change something.
42【答案】B
【解析】因为几乎所有的一切在死亡面前都会消失殆尽fall off,结果留下（leaving）的是真正重要的东西。
43【答案】A
【解析】diagnose……as:诊断……为……(疾病)。
44【答案】C
【解析】in order：妥当的，有序的。医生劝我回家，安排后事。这是医生让病人等死的婉言。根据语境，就是把后事安排好。
45【答案】A
【解析】前后句是转折关系，however是副词。But是连词，其后不能有逗号。 46【答案】B
【解析】advanced：先进的；elementary：初步的；experienced:老练的，有经验的；experimental:实验的。
47【答案】B
【解析】从下句的I feel and look fine now. 可知是可治愈的（curable）。incurable“不能治愈的”，和短文内容矛盾；fatal“致命的”，但作者没有因疾病而死亡；changeable“变化的”，手术是“治病”而不是“改变疾病”。
48【答案】C
【解析】此句表示“死亡是我们每个人共同share的归宿，虽然无人幸免”。 49【答案】C
【解析】as it is本来/实际上；此句表示死亡本是（我们每个人的归宿）
50【答案】C. 。
【解析】
51【答案】A
【解析】“因为针对生而言，死亡很可能是唯一最好的发明”是故“死亡破旧立新”，你们现在是新人，但是不久的将来，你们会慢慢（gradually）变老，然后被清除掉cleared away
52【答案】A
【解析】时间很“有限的”limited,所以不要把时间消耗在重复他人的生活上。limiting“限制性的” ； lacking “不够/不敷所需”; rare“稀少的”都不合文意。 53【答案】D
【解析】
54【答案】B.
【解析】be trapped by/in sth.表示“陷入困境，被……束缚”。此句意为“不要受教条的束缚，因为那就意味着你（接）受living with别人的思想，生活受别人的思想左右。”cheat“欺骗”；excite“使激动”，与文章意义不符。
55【答案】A
【解析】不要让他人喋喋不休的意见（opinions）淹没掉你的内心的主见（voice）.本文的主旨：过好自己的生活，珍惜每一天。所有love和direction与主题不符。Voice：声音，主张，主见
语法填空(共10小题，每小题l．5分，满分l5分)
〈5〉【江西省重点中学协作体2010届高三上学期七校期末联考】【夹叙夹议】
The park bench was deserted as I sat down to read beneath an old willow tree. Not 36__ with life, I was down. A young boy out of breath 37 me, all tired from play. He stood right before me with his head tilted（倾斜的） down, 38 with great excitement, ―Look what I found!‖
In his hand was a flower, and what a 39 sight, with its petals（花瓣） all worn－not enough rain, or too little light. 40 him to take his dead flower and go off to play, I 41 a small smile and then shifted away. But instead of 42 he sat next to my side and placed the flower to his nose and declared with 43 , ―It sure smells pretty and it‘s beautiful, too. That‘s why I 44 it; here, it‘s for you.‖ The flower before me was dying or dead. But I knew I 45 take it, or he might never leave. So I reached for the flower, and 46 , “Just what I need.” But
instead of placing the flower in my hand, he 47 it mid－air without reason. It was then that I 48 for the very first time the boy was 49 .
I heard my voice shake, tears shone like the sun 50 I thanked him for picking the very best one. He smiled, and then ran off to play, 51 of the effect he‘d had on my day.
I sat there and 52 how he managed to see a self-pitying woman beneath an old willow tree. How did he know of my self-indulged(放纵的) 53 ? Perhaps from his heart, he'd been blessed with true 54
55 the eyes of a blind child, at last I could see, the problem was not with the world; the problem was me. And for all of those times I myself had been blind, I vowed to see beauty, and appreciate every second that's mine.
36．A．excited B．inspired C．content D．disappointed
D．recognized 37．A．approached B．overlooked C．understood
38．A．telling B．saying
39．A．unique
40．A．Wanting
41．A．presented
42．A．declining
43．A．surprise C．informing D．talking B．rough C．bothering D．pitiful C．Persuading D．Inviting D．delivered B．Demanding B．adjusted C．forced B．accepting C．panicking D．quitting B．embarrassment
C．attained C．sympathy D．sorrow D．picked
D．must 44．A．took B．pulled 45．A．should B．can C．may
46．A．announced B．replied
47．A．grasped
48．A．observed
49．A．strange B．held C．declared D．whispered C．caught D．seized D．concluded D．unimaginable B．confirmed C．noticed B．blind C．deaf
50．A．once B．after
51．A．unaware
52．A. doubted C．as D．since C．regretful D．regardless D. wondered B．unbelievable B. felt C. found
53.
54. A. embarrassment A. sense B. depression C. hopelessness C. sight D. ability D. effort B. hearing
55．A．In B．From C．Before D．Through
生活中不是缺少美，而是缺少发现美的眼睛；生活中不是缺少快乐，而是缺少感受快乐的心。如果双目失明，我们是不是一定不快乐？如果健健康康，我们是不是一定快乐？它再一次告诉我们，快乐在心。情绪低落的作者因生活不顺而不能自拔。一位可爱的小男孩失明，却能看到美丽的花朵，闻到芬芳，这让作者深有感触…… 36【答案】C
【解析】因生活受挫，作者心情不好—I was down. 对生活不满意。Be contented with 对…满意
37【答案】A
【解析】作者并不认识的一小男孩向我走过来。从out of breath, tired可以知道。 38【答案】B
【解析】小男孩兴奋地对我讲。say 强调说话内容；tell 表示“告诉”，要接宾语 inform要接sb of sth ; talk 表示双向的谈话。
39【答案】D
【解析】从下文all worn－not enough rain, or too little light可以看出。其余选项不符。
40【答案】A
【解析】作者并没有心情讲话，只想让男孩走开不要打扰她。
41【答案】C
【解析】作者无心看那凋谢的花，只好强装出笑脸，移到另外一个位置。 42【答案】D
【解析】由下文男孩仍然sit next to me 可知，他并没有离开。
43【答案】A
【解析】男孩惊喜地说道，：“这花闻起来很香，肯定很漂亮”
44【答案】D
【解析】这就是他采摘花的原因。
45【答案】D
【解析】由于男孩不离开，反而积极向我献花，作者知道男孩的意思——自己一定要接受这花的馈赠。
46【答案】B
【解析】作者只好回应的男孩的话。
47【答案】B
【解析】从下文mid-air可以知道，男孩是把花举在空中的。
48【答案】C
【解析】正是男孩高举的这一动作，才让作者注意到他却是一个盲人。notice无意察觉到，observe是带有某一目的观察。confirm是对所预测事情的证实和确认，conclude是从某事论述中得出结论。
49【答案】B
【解析】最后一段第一句也有提示。
50【答案】C
【解析】 作者知道男孩的真相后，心理感触万分——在感谢他时，声音都在颤抖。 51【答案】A
【解析】 男孩心理只想到这美丽而散发着香味的花应该与人分享，而并未意识到这对对于情绪低落的作者的影响有多大。都不可以与of搭配；小男孩并没在意其行为对我的影响，所以regardless of也排除。
52【答案】D
【解析】男孩失明却能‘看到’美丽的花朵，却能与一个情绪低落的人分享，这确实让作者感到诧异而又想弄个明白。
53【答案】B
【解析】男孩又是如何知道我陷于低迷的痛苦呢？这都是让作者纳闷的事。
embarrassment尴尬；作者还没有痛苦到绝望的地步，排除hopelessness；effort用在这不合意思。
54【答案】C
【解析】男孩失明，却看到美丽。或许这正是上天恩赐于他的真正的视力吧。 55【答案】D
【解析】正是通过男孩的眼睛，我才得以看到问题的根源并不是客观事物本身，而是自己的心灵。In the eyes of 在某人看来， from 从眼睛本身, 作者不是从男子的眼睛里看到，而是通过男孩看待事物的做法得到感悟。Before 不合题意。
〈6〉【浙江省金华十校2010届高三上学期期末考试】【议论文】
Many students find the experience of attending university lectures to be a confusing and frustrating experience. The lecturer speaks for one or two hours, perhaps 21 the talk with slides, writing up important information on the blackboard, 22 reading material and giving out 23 .The new student sees the other students continuously writing on notebooks and 24 what to write. Very often the student leaves the lecture 25 notes which do not catch the main points and 26 become hard even for the 27 to understand.
Most institutions provide courses which 28 new students to develop the skills they need to be 29 listeners and note-takers. 30 these are unavailable, there are many useful study-skills guides which 31 learners to practice these skills 32 .In all cases it is important to 33 the problem 34 actually starting your studies.
It is important to 35 that most students have difficulty in acquiring the language skills 36 in college study. One way of 37 these difficulties is to attend the language and study-skills classes which most institutions provide throughout the 38 year. Another basic 39 is to find a study partner 40 it is possible to identify difficulties, exchange ideas and provide support.
21. A. extending conducting
22. A. attributing explaining B. illustrating B. contributing
B. information C. performing C. distributing
C. content D. D. 23. A. assignments D. definition 24. A. suspects B. understands D. convinces 25. A. without D. except B. with C. wonders C. on
26. A. what
D. which
B. those
C. as C. partners C. assist
27. A. teachers D. students 28. A. prevent
B. classmates
B. require
D. forbid
B. passive
29. A. effective D. expressive 30. A. Because D. If 31. A. enable D. prevent
C. relative
B. Though
C. Whether
D.
B. stimulate C. advocate
32. A. independently B. repeatedly generally 33. A. evaluate
C. logically
B. acquaint
D. formulate
B. after
C. tackle
34. A. before D. for 35. A. predict D. ignore 36. A. to require D. are required 37. A. preventing D. overcoming
C. while C. argue C. requiring
B. acknowledge B. required
B. withstanding
C. sustaining C. normal C. situation
38. A. average B. ordinary D. academic 39. A. statement D. suggestion 40. A. in that D. such as 21【答案】. B
B. strategy
B. for which C. with whom
【解析】 将第21，22，23题通盘考虑。此处意为“老师会花一两个小时用幻灯来解释讲课的内容，写出一些重要的信息,散发一些阅读材料,布置作业”。illustrate用图解说明，举例说明。 22【答案】. C
【解析】 参考第1题答案。attribute把……的原因归为……；contribute有助于，贡献；distribute分发，散发，与下文的give out同义。
23【答案】. A
【解析】 assignments作业，任务。
24【答案】. C
【解析】 新生发现别的学生一直在记笔记,他们不知道该记些什么,所以用wonders。而suspects(怀疑)；understands (理解，明白)；convinces(让人相信)与题意不符。 25【答案】. B
【解析】 with结构在此表示伴随的结果，说明学生听完讲座却记了一些抓不住重点的笔记。
26【答案】. D
【解析】 这里是一个并列句，并列的两个部分是which do not catch the main points and which become hard even for the students to understand.
27【答案】. D
【解析】 此句意为：学生记下的笔记连自己也无法明白。
28【答案】. C
【解析】 鉴于上述情况，许多学校开设课程以帮助新生培养记笔记的能力，成为一名真正有效率的听众。assist帮助，援助。
29【答案】. A
【解析】 参考第8题答案。effective有效的；passive被动的；relative相对的；expressive表现的，富于表情的。
30【答案】. D
【解析】 此处的意思是：如果这些课程不可行的话，还会有许多行之有效的学习技巧的指导，这些指导使学生们能够独立地锻炼这些学习技巧，在此If表示假设条件。 31【答案】. A
【解析】 enable sb.to do sth使人能够干什么；stimulate激发，刺激；advocate提倡，倡导；prevent阻止。
32【答案】. A
【解析】 independently独立地；repeatedly再三，重复地；logically合乎逻辑地；generally大体上，一般地。
33【答案】. C
【解析】 此句意为“通常学生在开始学习之前就应该解决这种听课技能的问题”，此处C.to tackle problem意为“解决问题”。evaluate估计，评估；acquaint使认识，了解；formulate用公式表示，系统地阐述或提出。
34【答案】. A
【解析】 参考32题。
35【答案】. B
【解析】 这里的意思是“承认大多数学生在获取语言技能方面有困难，这是很重要的。因为只有承认这种困难才能提出克服困难的方法”。所以选B.acknowledge承认，认可。predict预测；argue争论，论证；ignore忽略，忽视。
36【答案】. B
【解析】 过去分词做定语。
37【答案】. D
【解析】 克服困难用overcome difficulty。不用preventing阻止，阻碍；withstand经受住，抵抗；sustain支撑，经受。
38【答案】. D
【解析】 本题涉及学年的表达方法。
39【答案】. B
【解析】 此句意为：另一种基本的方案或策略是寻找一个学习的伙伴。strategy策略，方案。
40【答案】. C
【解析】 本题测试介词与关系代词的用法，with whom表示与同伴一起学习。 〈7〉【湖南省师大附中2010届高三第二次月考】【夹叙夹议】
Andy was born with a developmental disorder. The two sides of his 36.
_______were not joined normally with each other. The right side of his body could not 37.______ with the left. At age three, it was 38._______ for him to walk, speak, and play. He could only 39._______ back a few words, and walk 40.________while someone held each of his hands.
Then came the struggles. He 41._______ an all-day center he was enrolled in every imaginable therapy(疗法). He 42._______, sometimes in tears, to get stronger. Andy hated it when his parents would leave him in the mornings. 43._______, they believed -- against all odds -- that he would grow up to live a 44.______ healthy life. They believed it for themselves, and for Andy.
It 45._______. Today Andy is a successful 13-year-old high school student. His progress has been nothing short of phenomenal. He receives special help with
46._________, but joins with friends in all the activities he loves. Andy 47.________ enormous odds to move from adversity to victory.
Ask yourself: ―What are the seeds of strength hidden in my struggles today? If I get back up when I fall, what will that make possible tomorrow?‖
36. A. body
37. A. talk
B. hands C. brain D. legs B. speak C. exchange D. communicate B. difficult C. unchallenging D. B. answer C. reply D. respond B. swiftly C. slowly D. quickly B. joined C. presented D. 38. A. easy comfortable 39. A. pay 40. A. smoothly 41. A. attended went
42. A. behaved
43. A. Therefore
44. A. rich
45. A. paid back B. struggled C. appeared D. seemed B. While C. However D. Though B. average C. common D. normal B. paid out C. paid off D. paid for
46. A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything
47. A. beat
36【答案】C。
【解析】根据文章我们推断出Andy左右脑结合的不好，导致身体的右边跟左边连接有缺陷。
37【答案】D。 B. won C. overlooked D. overcame
【解析】根据“were not joined normally with each other.”可推断：Andy 身体的两边不能相互交流。
38【答案】B。
【解析】从此句中我们判断出：因为Andy身体方面的缺陷导致他说话，走路等都很困难。
39【答案】D。
【解析】因为他行走，说话都有问题，所以只能对别人的话做出很少的反应或回应。 respond的意思是“回应; 反应; 响应”。
40【答案】C。
【解析】根据上文的句意：他行走，说话都有问题，推断出他走路很缓慢。 41【答案】A。
【解析】句意：Andy 参加了一个全天的康复医疗中心，而这个中心有各种疗法。join加入某种组织等；present 后面加at时出席的意思; go需加上to再加名词。 42【答案】B。
【解析】从此段的第一句话我们可以判断出。Andy挣扎着去让自己变得强壮些。 43【答案】C。
【解析】此句话的意思是Andy很讨厌父母送他去进行训练，之后他们就离开了，但是他父母认为这对Andy很有帮助。However可用于句首，句中，句末，并用逗号隔开表转折。
44【答案】D。
【解析】从上下文我们Andy的父母期望他能过上正常的健康的生活，应该说“to live a normal healthy life”。
45【答案】C。
【解析】从这个选项的下一句我们得知，Andy努力取得了成功。pay off意思是“取得成功”；pay back偿还, 报复；pay out支付, 付出, 惩罚, 报复; pay for为…付款。 46【答案】A。
【解析】从该句中“but”，我们得知Andy虽然在一些事情得到别人特殊地帮助，但是他主动地加入到大家的活动当中。、
47【答案】D。
【解析】此句话的意思是：Andy克服了很多困难走向胜利。overcome 克服，overlook忽视，beat打败，win 获得，赢得。
〈8〉【浙江省杭州市2010届高三第五次调研试题】 【说明文】
The amount of usable water has always been of great interest in the world . 36 springs and streams sometimes means control , particularly in the 37 areas like the desert . The control is possible even without possession of large areas of 38 land . In the early days of the American West , gun fights were not 39 for the
water resources (资源). And laws had to be 40 to protect the water rights of the 41 and the use of the water resources accordingly .
42 is known to us all , there is not 43 water in all places for everyone to use as much as he likes . Deciding on the 44 of water that will be used in any particular period
45 careful planning , so that people can manage and use water more 46 . Farmers have to change their use of or demand for water 47 the water supply forecast (预报).
The 48 water supply forecast is based more on the water from the 49 than from the below . Interest is 50 in the ways to increase rainfall by man-made methods , and to get water from the winter snow on mountain 51 . With special equipment , some scientists are studying the ways in which the mountain snow can be 52 , and with the help of a repeater station , they send the 53 data (数据) to the base station . The operator at the base station can get the data at any time by 54 a button . In the near future , the forecast and use of water 55 probably depend on the advance knowledge of snow on mountains , not of water underground .
36．A．Using B．Holding C．Owning D．Finding
37．A．dry B．distant C．deserted D．wild
D．farming
C．unpopular D．uncommon
D．written 38．A．fine B．beautiful C．rich 39．A．unlawful B．unacceptable 40．A．made B．designed C．signed
41．A．winners B．settlers C．fighters D．supporters
D．As 42．A．That B．It C．What
43．A．plentiful B．enough C．any D．much
44．A．type B．quality
45．A．requests
46．A．effectively
47．A．leading to
48．A．correct
49．A．clouds
50．A．raising C．amount D．level D．suggests D．actively B．requires C．means B．easily B．due to B．further B．sky B．rising C．conveniently C．owing to D．according to C．average D．early C．air D．above C．building D．lasting
D．trees
C．piled up D．saved up
D．gathered 51．A．rocks B．tips C．tops 52．A．taken care of B．made use of 53．A．picked
54．A．touching B．produced C．used B．knocking C．pressing D．turning
C．will D．should 55．A．might B．can
36【答案】C
【解析】文章第一句便点题“在全世界可以使用的水的总量一直是人们感兴趣的”放引起下文“拥有泉水或溪流有时意味着控制”，故选owning。
37【答案】A
【解析】因为下文提到like the desert所以此空为dry area。
38【答案】C
【解析】“rich land”译为“富饶肥沃的土地”本句暗示出“人们控制水要比拥有富饶肥沃的土地还重要”。
39【答案】D
【解析】uncommon译为“不寻常的”，本句中not uncommon”即为“common”便说明为争水而引起争斗打仗是常事可见水是重要的。
40【答案】A
【解析】“make laws to do”制定法律做某事。
41【答案】B
【解析】settlers译为外来殖民者。
42【答案】D
【解析】as作为关系代词引导非限制性定语从句。
43【答案】B
【解析】由上文可知水并不是像人们想的那样用之不完，取之不竭的，因此“there is not enough water…”。
44【答案】C
【解析】the amount of大量的。
45【答案】B
【解析】require“要求”根据上下文可知用水要求有计划节约使用。
46【答案】A
【解析】根据上下文选effectively译为“有效地”。
47【答案】D
【解析】according to介词短语，意为“根据”。
48【答案】A
【解析】correct water supply forecast中correct译为正确的或准确的。 49【答案】D
【解析】该空与上文below相时使用，故填above。
50【答案】B
【解析】rising表示增加，此空需填不及物动词。
51【答案】C
【解析】mountain tops山顶上。
52【答案】B
【解析】make use of固定词组，译为“使用、利用”。
53【答案】D
【解析】gathered一词译为“收集到的”过去分词作定语。
54【答案】C
【解析】press a button按开关。
55【答案】C
【解析】用情态动词will更含有一种趋势，可能性。
高考频考点21. 阅读理解
〈1〉
My brother-in-law opened the bottom drawer of my sister's bureau(衣橱) and picked out a wonderful skirt. "Jan bought this the first time we went to New York, at least 8 or 9 years ago. She never wore it. She was saving it for a special occasion.” Well, I guess this is the occasion.
He took the skirt from me and put it on the bed.His hands touched the soft material for a moment, then he shut the drawer and turned to me, "Don't ever save anything for a special occasion. Every day you're alive is a special occasion."
I'm still thinking about his words, and they've changed my attitude to life. I'm spending more time with my family and friends and less time in committee meetings. Whenever possible, life should be a pattern of experience to enjoy,not suffer.I'm tryingto recognize these moment now and treasure them.
"Someday" and "one of these days" are being lost from my vocabulary.If it's worth seeing or hearing or doing, I want to see and hear and do it now. I' m not sure whatmy sister would have done if she had known she wouldn't have tomorrow . I think she would have called family members and a few close friends. She might have called a few former friends to apologize and mend her fences for past things. I like to think she would have gone out for a Chinese dinner, her favorite food. If I knew that my hours were limited ,those little things left undone would make meangry. Angry because I put off seeing good friends whom I was going to get in touchwith someday.Angry and sorry because I didn't tell my husband and daughter often enough how much I truly love them.
I'm trying very hard not to put off, hold back, or save anything that would add laughter to our lives. And every morning when I open my eyes, I tell myself that everyday, every minute, every breath truly, is... a gift from God.
56．The best title for the passage would be______.【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】
【归纳概括】
A．Everyday is A Gift C．Value Friendship Every Day B．My Poor Sister D．Everyday is An Important Occasion
57．Jan bought the wonderful skirt but didn't wear it because______.【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【细节理解】
A．she wanted to wear it on special occassions B．she kept it as a special gift for someone else C．she saved it untill she grew older D．she waned to keep it as a sweet memory
58．Which of the following is not the wirter’s attitude to life? 【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【细节判断】
A．spending more time staying with family B．attending social activities as often as possibe C．enjoying life and valuing every day D．trying to get along well with friends
59．Which of the following can best explain the expression underlined “mend her fences for past things” in Paragraph 5? 【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【猜测词义】
A．try to be friendly again with someone B．break her word C．give up her point of view D．keep her promise
60．The passage is intended chiefly to ______.【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】
【归纳概括】
A．warn people to treasure every day and find the meaning of life
B．encourage people to be hard on themselves for a bright life C．tell people how to get rid of being angry and sorry in life D．persuade people to care for themselves more than others
56【答案】A
【解析】主旨大意题。文章最后一段揭示了文章主题——每一天都是上帝赐给我们的礼物，我们要珍惜每一天。
57【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。由第一段中的She never wore it. She was saving it for a special occasion.可知，她是想在一个特殊的场合上穿。
58【答案】B
【解析】细节判断题。由第三段、第五段和第六段可知，A、C、D三项均是作者对生活的态度。B项与第三段中I'm spending more time with my family and friends and less time in committee meetings.的表述不符。
59【答案】A
【解析】本句的意思为:她可能还会给几位昔日朋友打电话主动道歉,摒弃前嫌,重归于好。A项的解释最符合句意。
60【答案】A
【解析】写作目的题。本文作者通过讲述自己姐姐的故事，告诫我们每一天都是重要的，不要把希望寄托到明天，要不断地从每一天中找到生活的真谛。
〈2〉
Grandpa Nybakken loved life — especially when he could play a trick on somebody. At those times, his large Norwegian frame shook with laughter while he pretended innocent surprise, exclaiming, ―Oh, forevermore!‖ But on a cold Saturday in downtown Chicago, Grandpa felt that God played a trick on him, and grandpa wasn‘t laughing.
Grandpa worked as a carpenter. On this particular day, he was building some boxes for the clothes his church was sending to an orphanage abroad. On his way home, he reached into his shirt pocket to find his glasses, but they were gone. He remembered putting them there that morning, so he drove back to the church. His search proved fruitless.
Suddenly, he realized what happened. The glasses had slipped out of his pocket unnoticed and fallen into one of the boxes, which he had nailed shut. His brand new glasses were heading for China!
The Great Depression was at its height, and Grandpa had six children. He had spent twenty dollars for those glasses that very morning.
“It‘s not fair,‖ he told God as he drove home in frustration. ―I‘ve been very faithful in giving of my time and money to your work, and now this.‖
Several months later, the director of the orphanage was on vacation in the United States. He wanted to visit all the churches that supported him, so he came to speak on Sunday night at my grandfather‘s small church in Chicago. Grandpa and his family sat in their usual seats among the small congregation (教堂会众).
“But most of all,‖ he said, ―I must thank you for the glasses you sent last year.‖ “Even if I had the money, there was simply no way of replacing those glasses.
Along with not being able to see well, I experienced headaches every day, so my co-workers and I were much in prayer about this. Then your boxes arrived. When my staff removed the covers, they found a pair of glasses lying on the top.‖ After a long pause, he continued, ―Folks, when I tried on the glasses, it was as though they had been custom-made just for me! I want to thank you for being a part of that!‖ The people listened, happy for the amazing glasses. But the director surely must have confused their church with another, they thought, there were no glasses on their list of items to be sent overseas.
But sitting quietly in the back, with tears streaming down his face, an ordinary carpenter realized the Master Carpenter had used him in an extraordinary way.
61. Which of the following is NOT true about Grandpa Nybakken according to the passage? 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【判断正误】
A. He was an outgoing man and held an active attitude towards life. B. He had a large family to support.
C. He was a carpenter working in the church.
D. He was a loyal Christian.
62. Grandpa spent much of his time and money in church mainly to ________.【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【细节推理】
A. help the priest do some religious work
B. help those people in need
C. make some woodwork for the church
D. seek some help from God
63. The people in the church but Grandpa felt confused at what the director said because ________.【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【细节推理】
A. Grandpa didn‘t tell the director that he was the owner of the glasses
B. the director wanted to return the glasses even though he liked it
C. the director could not get such glasses in their own country D. the glasses were not included in the donation list
64. Who does “the Master Carpenter” in the last paragraph probably refer to?
【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【细节筛选】
A. Grandpa‘s master. C. God. B. One of Grandpa‘s friends. D. Grandpa‘s co-worker.
65. Which can be the best title of the passage? 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】
【归纳概括】
A. Grandfather‘s life B. The Helpful Donation
C. The Perfect Mistake
61【答案】. C。
【解析】 A选项根据第一段可以判断，B选项根据“Grandpa had six children”可以判断，D选项根据“I’ve been very faithful in giving of my time and money to your work”可以判断。文章第二段只是表明祖父是个木匠，那天只是在教堂帮帮忙，并没有说他在那工作。
62【答案】. B。
【解析】根据文章可以知道祖父信仰上帝，而上帝的工作就是福泽人们，所以他会去帮助别人。A在文章中没有提及，C、D不是祖父的目的，
63【答案】. D。
【解析】根据 “there were no glasses on their list of items to be sent oversea” 可以判断。
64【答案】. C。
【解析】答案与文章第一段中的 “Grandpa felt that God played a trick on him” 相照应，最后一段中的“an ordinary carpenter”指的就是祖父，“the Master Carpenter”指的是God，耶稣也曾是木匠。 D. An Impressive Speech
65【答案】. C。
【解析】根据文章的描述，祖父因为不小心把眼镜掉进了运送募捐物品的箱子中，然而这副眼镜却给了受捐赠者极大的帮助。所以这是一次“美丽的失误”。
〈3〉
One of the keys to being successful in what you do is persistence. Once you have determined exactly what you want to achieve, you must take massive action on a constant basis in order to succeed.
One of the things you'll notice on your journey towards your goal are roadblocks. That is, you will come across obstacles that seem to jump out of nowhere in an attempt to discourage your progress. Actually, they are a part of life. Everyone would have every success that ever wanted if there were no obstacles. Your job is to be persistent and work through obstacles. If you find little or no obstacles along the way, you are not really challenging yourself. And when you do reach your goal, you won' t experience the feeling of "sweet success". Make your goal a challenging one! If you take the time to study a successful person, you will learn that the vast majority of them have had more ―failures‖ than they have had ―successes‖. This is because successful people are persistent; the more they stumble, the more they get right back up and try again. On the other hand, people who don' t get back up and try again never reach success. For example, Walt Disney was turned down 302 times before he got financing for his dream of creating the "Happiest Place on Earth" . Today, due to his persistence, millions of people have shared "the joy of Disney". Colonel Sanders spent two years driving across the United States looking for restaurants to buy his chicken recipe. He was turned down 1,009 times! How successful is Kentucky Fried Chicken today!
Having known these facts, keep in mind that you must constantly reevaluate your circumstances and the approach you are using to reach your goal. There is no sense in being persistent at something that you are doing incorrectly! Sometimes you have to modify your approach along the way. Every time you do something you learn from it, and therefore find a better way to do it the next time.
Today is the day to begin your journey, using consistency and persistency, towards tomorrow's successes!
66. The author seems to believe that
【推理判断】
A. challenges we come across are rewarding
B. ―sweet success‖ comes along with obstacles
C. the more obstacles we have, the better we feel
D. we will reach our goal by challenging ourselves
67. The reason why persistent people are successful is that
学2010四次月考】【推理判断】 . 【湖南省雅礼中. 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】
A. they experience a lot of failures
B. they are born to be very stubborn
C. they have great ambitions in mind D. they don' t give up in face of failure
68. Why did Colonel Sanders spend two years driving across the United States? 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【细节理解】
A. To count the number of restaurant in America. B. To taste different foods and find special recipes.
C. To find restaurants and sell recipes for fried chicken. D. To open more Kentucky Fried Chicken chain stores.
。
69. The word underlined in the third paragraph maybe means “
省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【猜测词义】
A. withdrew B. achieved C. sprawl D. fell ”. 【湖南
70. What does the author advise us to do in Paragraph 4? 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【归纳概括】
A. To confirm whether your goal is practical.
B. To modify your approach from time to time.
C. To change our circumstances constantly. D. To learn from our past mistakes. 66【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第二段的最后三句可知，作者认为：遇到困难挑战自己，才能体验到成 功的甜蜜。
67【答案】D
【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段，坚持不懈的人最终能取得成功的原因在于他们面临失败的时候，
不轻言放弃，而是持之以恒向着目标努力。
68【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。第三段的倒数第三句说明Colonel Sander 用两年妁时间驱车去寻访美国的餐
馆是为了销售炸鸡的配方
69【答案】D
【解析】猜测词义题。根据句前 the vast majority of them have had more “failures” than they have had “successes” 可知作者是在讲述成功人士经历了很多的失败或者跌倒 。
70【答案】B
【解析】主旨大意题。在第四段作者建议我们要依据环境调整做事的方法。只有方法得当，才能取得
理想的效果。
〈4〉
Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of China's space science. As a world-famous expert on aerospace rockets and aerodynamics, he obtained great achievements in the areas of applied mechanics, engineering cybernetics and system engineering and made distinguished contributions to the foundation and development of Chinese aerospace undertaking(事业).
Graduated from Shanghai Jiaotong University in 1934, Qian Xuesen went to the United States to study in MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, one year later. After receiving master's degree in MIT, he went to study in California Institute of Technology and received PhD degrees in both aerospace and mathematics.
In 1955, six years after the founding of People's Republic of China, Qian Xuesen returned to his motherland. His return brought China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.
In 1956, Qian Xuesen put forward ―Proposal on the Development of China's Aviation Industry for National Defense‖. With the support from Zhou Enlai, the premier, and marshal Nie Rongzheng, Qian Xuesen began to prepare for the establishment of China's first missile and rocket research and development structure, the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense. Henceforth（从此以后）, he has long been in charge of the chief technological research and development of China's missile, rocket and spacecraft.
Due to research and development led by Qian Xuesen, China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964. Later, China launched its first man-made satellite, Dong Fang Hong I, to the earth orbit on April 24, 1970, becoming the fifth country in the world to independently launch satellite following the former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, France and Japan. The satellite floated around the earth, blaring（高声播放） the song Dong Fang Hong, which has the same name as the satellite. As a forerunner leading the development of China's aerospace science and technology, Qian Xuesen also provided chances for young scientists. Wang Yongzhi, former chief designer of China's manned-space project, has benefited a lot from Qian
Xuesen. ―He suggested that rocket of the second generation should be developed by our second generation scientists. This suggestion gave us chances to be general designers.‖ Recalling the experience working with Qian Xuesen, Sun Jiadong, general designer of China's lunar orbiter project, is very grateful. ―He put great expectation on us and trusted us a lot. Whenever we made mistakes, he seldom blamed us, but helped us to find out the reason so we could avoid it in the future.‖
Honored as Father of China's Missile and King of Rockets, Qian Xuesen never stopped his work on scientific research after he retired. He said he had no time to review the past, but looked forward to the future.
71. When did Qian xuesen begin to study in Massachusetts Institute of
Technology?________ 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【细节筛选】
A. In 1955. B. In 1935. C. In 1936. D. In 1934.
72. Which of the following is about the five countries that launched man-made
satellite independently before 1970? 【广东省2010届九校三次联
考】【细节筛选】
A. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the UK, France, China and Japan.
B. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the USA, Japan, Canada and China.
C. America, France, Japan, China and Australia.
D. The former Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, America, France, Japan and China.
73. What does the underlined word “forerunner”(Paragraph 6) probably mean?
【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【猜测词义】
A. A leader. B. A pioneer. C. A competitor. D. A successful scientist.
74. According to the passage, which of the following about Qian Xuesen is NOT true?
【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【细节判断】
A. In 1956, he made good preparations for the Fifth Research Institute of State Ministry of Defense.
B. He made outstanding contributions to the establishment and development of
Chinese aerospace undertaking.
C. He returned to China, bringing China the hope of developing space science and its own missiles.
D. He devoted all his life to China‘s space science.
75. It can be inferred from Paragraph 6 that ______.【广东省2010届九校三次联考】
【逻辑推理】
A. Qian Xuesen is very concerned about the development of young scientists.
B. The help of Qian Xuesen is beneficial to young scientists.
C. Qian Xuesen gives many opportunities to general designers.
D. When the chief designers do something wrong, Qian Xuesen helps them find out the cause.
71【答案】B
【解析】细节推断题。 从第二自然段one year later 可推出答案。
72【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。从第五自然段的第二个句子可知答案。
73【答案】B
【解析】猜测词义题。根据第一自然段的Qian Xuesen is one of the pioneers of China's space science.和第五自然段的Due to research and development led by Qian Xuesen, China successfully exploded its first atom bomb in 1964. Later, China launched its first man-made satellite…可推出答案。
74【答案】A
【解析细节判断题。根据第四自然段In 1956, Qian Xuesen put forward “Proposal
on the Development of China's Aviation Industry for National Defense”可知答案。B、
C、D三个选项分别在第一、第三、第七自然段有所叙述。
75【答案】A
【解析】推断题。B、C、D三个选项是第六自然段所叙述的细节内容。
〈5〉
Get a reward for every bug you bring to live in new science museum exhibit. In a city with trillions of American cockroaches(蟑螂), the Houston Museum of Natural Science has agreed to pay a quarter per bug－up to 1,000－as it seeks to populate a new insect exhibit alongside its Cockrell Butterfly Center.
Nancy Greig, the museum’s director insists the public payday for roaches isn’t just a marketing ploy(炒作).
“Absolutely, this wasn‘t devised as a joke,‖ Greig said. ―We needed more roaches for the exhibit, so I sent this message out to everyone in the museum asking people to bring them in. Well, someone decided to tell the press, and all hell has broken loose.‖
“But we really do need cockroaches.‖
“One might be forgiven for never considering how to catch a live cockroach. But it‘s simple enough to fool them,‖ Greig said, ―and even easier to catch them.‖ American cockroaches are the most common kind in Texas, measuring up to 2 inches long and invading homes.
Despite their less-than-attractive reputation, cockroaches actually aren’t that dirty. Greig even went so far as to call them “fastidious” saying they don’t enjoy rooting(用嘴拱食) in waste. They’re only dirty if, say, they used a sewer(下水道)line to gain access into a home.
The roaches collected by the museum will become part of a display in a new exhibit that showcases insects such as cockroaches, dung beetles and termites.
There‘s more to like about roaches, too. They don‘t bite, and they don‘t carry diseases like a mosquito, so they‘re generally safe to handle.
56．For what does the museum pay for cockroaches? 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【细节理解】
A．For a marketing ploy. C．People really need them. B． It’s devised to make fun. D． For a new exhibit.
57．The underlined word “fastidious” probably means extremely ________.【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【猜测词义】
A．clean B．dirty C．unpleasant D．fast
58．What do we know about American roaches? 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】
【细节推理】
A．It’s not easy for people in Houston to collect roaches. B．They all measure 2 inches and are often found in homes C．They don’t bite and they are free of disease. D．We have reasons to like them.
59．Which of the following can serve as the best title for the passage? 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【归纳概括】
A．The Houston Museum of Natural Science B．A new exhibit
C．Quarters for cockroaches D．A cockroach is lovely
56【答案】D
【解析】【解析】考查细节理解。从文章的叙述可知，博物馆出钱购买蟑螂是为了一项新展览的需要。其他选项在文章中直接批驳了。
57【答案】A
【解析】【解析】考查猜测词义。第七段说，Greig甚至把它们称为 “fastidious”，它们不在肮脏的地方拱食，仅仅在进入居家的路程中从下水道经过时才弄脏了。由此判断，该词的含义与下文提到的dirty相反，因此选A，他认为蟑螂本来是很干净的动物，却被人们误认为很脏。
58【答案】D
【解析】【解析】考查推理判断。文章最后一段第一句说“蟑螂还有其可爱之处”，接着提到蟑螂的可爱和安全方面，因此选D。B与文中up to inches矛盾， C项说“蟑螂没有疾病”，这是文中未提及的内容。
59【答案】C
【解析】【解析】考查主题大意。本文介绍美国一家博物馆的新展览，他们向人们购买蟑螂，考虑新闻报道的时效性和标题的引人入胜，本文应该选C做标题：购买蟑螂的价格，以吸引读者继续阅读这篇新闻。 A显然错误。B项作为标题范围过大，本文只讲了腐蚀性昆虫展中的部分内容（收集的蟑螂）。C既体现了主体内容：收集蟑螂，又兼顾了新闻标题 的特点，适合作为标题。
〈6〉
BRITAIN is a popular tourist place. But tours of the country have pros and cons. Good news
Free museums: No charge for outstanding collections of art and antiquities(古董). Pop music: Britain is the only country to rival(与……比敌)the US on this score.
Black cabs: London taxi drivers know where they are going even if there are never enough of them at weekends or night.
Choice of food: Visitors can find everything from Ethiopian to Swedish restaurants. Fashion: Not only do fashion junkies love deeply and respect highly brand names such as Vivienne Westwood, Alexander McQueen; street styles are justly loved, too.
Bad news
Poor service: ―It‘s part of the image of the place. People can dine out on the rudeness they have experienced,‖ says Professor Tony Seaton of Luton University‘s International Tourism Research Center.
Poor public transport: Trains and buses are promised to defeat the keenest tourists, although the over-crowded London tube is inexplicably(不可解的) popular.
Lack of language: Speaking slowly and clearly may not get many foreign visitors very far, even in the tourist traps.
Rain: Still in the number one complaint).
No air-conditioning: So that even splendidly hot summer become as unbearable as the downpours.
Overpriced hotels: The only European country with a higher rate of tax on hotel rooms is Denmark.
Licensing hours: Alcohol is in short supply after 11 p.m. even in 24-hour cities.
60. What do tourists complain most? 【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】【细节理解】
A. Poor service.
C. Rain. B. Poor public transport. D. Overpriced hotels.
61. What do we learn about pop music in Britain and the US through this passage?
【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】【细节理解】
A. Pop music in Britain is better than that in the US.
B. Pop music in Britain is as good as that in the US.
C. Pop music in Britain is worse than that in the US.
D. Pop music in Britain is quite different from that in the US.
62. When is alcohol not able to get? 【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】【细节理解】
A. At 9:00p.m.
C. At 11:00p.m. B. At 10:00p.m D. At 12:00p.m.
63. Which of the following is true according to the passage? 【江苏省昆山2010届一摸联考】【判断正误】
A. You have to pay to visit the museums. B. It‘s very cheap to travel by taxi there.
C. You cannot find Chinese food there. D. The public transport is poor there. 60【答案】 C
【解析】 文中：Rain: Still in the number one complaint.可知答案是C。
61【答案】 B
【解析】Good news的第二点。
62【答案】 D
【解析】 文章最后以行可知。
63【答案】 D
【解析】 Bad news的第二点。
〈7〉
When the musical sound rings you, you immediately reach for your pocket ready to have a chat. But although you probably use it all the time, have you ever stopped to think about the manners related to talking on the phone? If you haven‘t, here are some tips to guide you.
●Always give the person you are calling plenty of time to get to the phone before you hang up. If the person who answers is not the one you want，give your name and ask if you may speak to the person you want.
●Think about the time you call people. Try not to call too early in the morning(before about 9:00)or too late at night(after about 9:30). Also try not to call at mealtimes. ●If you go by plane to visit your relatives at Christmas, remember to follow airline instructions. Cell phones must be turned off as soon as the plane doors are closed and remain so until the doors open again on arrival.
●When face to face with someone, do not talk on the phone. It is rude to be on the phone when a waiter is trying to take your order in a restaurant, or when you are returning the shoes you have just been trying on in a shop. Finish any face-to-face business before taking a call. Continuing to use the phone while nodding to the person in front of you is quite impolite.
●When in a restaurant with your friends，keep phone conversations short. Make a call only if it is important. Practise speaking in a low voice. If no one looks your way, you’ve got it.
●If you go to a theatre, a concert or a cinema, consider the other people around you. Check that your phone is “off” before you enter. If you are expecting a very important call, put your phone on “vibrate”(振动)and run for the exit as soon as you feel it. If you forget both ―off‖ and ―vibrate‖ and your phone rings, don‘t answer it, turn it off straight away.
64. Which is true according to the passage above? 【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】
【判断正误】
A. You may call people anytime as you like.
B. You may talk loudly on the phone at dinner in the restaurant.
C. You may keep on talking on the phone while greeting somebody.
D. You may call people as soon as you get on the plane，but not after the doors are closed.
65. We may infer from these tips that__________.【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】
【逻辑推理】
A. some people don‘t pay much attention to manners while making cell phone calls
B. you may ask to leave a message unless the person you are calling is in
C. calling people too early or too late in the morning is not polite
D. almost everyone has got a cell phone
66. What does the underlined sentence “…you’ve got it” mean in the passage?
【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】【猜测句意】
A. You have succeeded in making a call without disturbing others.
B. You have made the phone call brief and interesting.
C. You‘ve got the message you are waiting for.
D. You have made a phone call secretly．
67. From the tips given above, we can decide the writer is sure to share the opinion that______.【江苏省宿迁2010届期末联考】【归纳概括】
A. 1ike the saying ―clothes make a man‖, nowadays cell phones make a man
B. as the old saying goes, money talks; nowadays cell phones talk
C. the way we use the cell phones tells what we are like
D. we are what cell phones we use
64【答案】D
【解析】文中的第三点提到：Cell phones must be turned off as soon as the plane doors are closed推出答案：D。
65【答案】A
【解析】从第一节中的：Have you ever stopped to think about the manners related to talking on the phone? 暗示有人注意了，但也有人没注意。
66【答案】A
【解析】从If no one looks your way可知，你打电话没有引起人们注意，故选A。 67【答案】C
【解析】本文主要向人们介绍如何在不同的场合使用手机，是个方法问题
〈8〉
When you have a question about something, where do you go? For many people the answer is simple. They go online to a search engine like Google or Yahoo. But what about people in rural or underdeveloped areas who may have no way to get on the Internet? Luckily, Rose Shuman, a business and international development consultant in California, has found a way for them. Her amazing solution is ―Question Box‖.
Question Box is a service that provides answers -- free of charge -- for people who cannot search the Internet directly. They might not be able to read, or they simply have no access.
Question Box began two years ago in India. People use a metal call box with a push-to-talk button to connect to a live operator, as Rose Shuman explains, ―You just push a button, a big green button, and that will connect you directly to our operators who are sitting in front of computers, and speak your language. And you can ask them any sort of question you want, and they'll look it up in English or in Hindi, or whatever the main language is, and translate the answer right back for you.‖
The service is currently offered in two villages. The latest version of the box uses mobile phone technology and solar panels in case the electrical power fails. Rose Shuman says the aim was to make the box as easy as possible for users.
“Rather than try to bring a lot of infrastructure to them and expect them to learn how to use the Internet, the idea was to make a technology that even Grandma could use, figuring that Grandma could probably walk up to a box and push a button,‖ added Shuman.
In April, Question Box expanded to Uganda. Forty community workers with mobile phones connect villagers to call center operators in Kampala. The community workers go around telling people about the service. They wear T-shirts that say ―Ask Me.‖
But Internet service in Uganda proved slow and undependable. So Question Box teamed up with a local technology company to store information on a local server. That way, the researchers in Kampala can quickly search the database for answers when users ask about current events and many other subjects.
Rose Shuman continued, ―When was Mahatma Gandhi born and how long is the Nile River? What's the tallest mountain? The funniest one I think we got was, 'Did the
pyramids ever move to another place?', which we found pretty funny. But we did look it up, and they haven't moved.‖
68. According to the passage, “Question Box” is a service intended to________.
【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【细节推理】
A. help improve the living standard of the people in poor areas
B. promote the computer technology
C. provide answers raised by the people who have no access to the Internet
D. enrich the local people‘s life
69. Which of the following is TRUE about Question Box according to the passage?
【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【判断正误】
A. Uganda is the original place where the service started.
B. Some modern technologies have been used for improving the service.
C. Question Box won‘t be able to work if there is no electrical power.
D. It was impossible for a grandma to use Question Box.
70. We can learn from the passage that in Uganda ______.【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】【细节推理】
A. forty call center operators helped make Question Box known to villagers
B. it was very convenient for villagers to have access to Internet service
C. users are very interested in current events
D. a local technology company cooperate with Question Box
71. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? 【湖南师大附中2010届四次月考】
【逻辑推理】
A. All the questions asked by people are pretty funny.
B. Workers of Question Box know the answer for any question.
C. Question Box always tries to answer the question, no matter how strange.
D. Those who asked questions wanted to make progress in their studies. 68【答案】. C。
【解析】根据第三段可知。
69【答案】. B。
【解析】C选项可以根据第六段“The latest version of the box uses mobile phone technology and solar panels in case the electrical power fail”判断，A选项根据第四段的第一句Question Box began two years ago in India判断，D选项根据第七段the idea was to make a technology that even Grandma could use判断。
70【答案】. D。
【解析】 根据倒数第二段的第二句可知。
71【答案】. C。
【解析】A、B选项太绝对，D选项不能根据文章推断出来，C选项根据最后一句可知。
〈9〉
Last year, I lived in Chile for half a year. I lived with a Chilean family and had the responsibilities of any Chilean teenager. I had good days and bad days I didn'‘t understand.
Chuquicamata, my host community, is a mining camp. When I arrived there, I was scared. It was so different from what I was used to. There were lots of dogs on the streets, and there was no downtown, few smoothly paved streets, and little to do for entertainment. Rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were frequent.
I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class. But in my first week in Chile I was only able to communicate and needed one person to whom I could explain my shock. I couldn‘t speak the thoughts in my head and there wer e so many.
Most exchange students experience this like me. Culture shock presents itself in
everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite (食欲)..I was required to overcome
all difficulty.
As time passed, everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food. I got used to not depending on expensive things for fun. Fun in Chuquicamata was being with people. And I took math, physics, chemistry, biology, Spanish, art, and philosophy.
But the sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain. I learned how to accept and to succeed in another culture. I now have a deeper understanding of both myself and others.
72. The author came to Chile last year with the purpose of
学2010四次月考】【细节推理】
A. paying a visit to Chile as a tourist . 【湖南省雅礼中
B. experiencing Chilean life as a teacher
C. studying Chilean culture as a college student
D. studying knowledge as an exchange student
73. In the first week in Chile the author
【细节推理】
A. was not used to eating Chilean food B. had some friends to have a chat with C. couldn't communicate with people
D. couldn't express his thoughts in English
74. What did the author most probably think of his life in Chile? 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【推理判断】
A. Wonderful and worthwhile. B. Difficult but meaningful. C. Difficult and meaningless. D. Boring and disappointing.
75. According to the passage, which of the following statements about Chile is TRUE?
【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】【细节推理】
A. Its official language is Spanish and English.
B. It is a developing country without foreign students.
C. It seldom rains and natural disasters often happen.
D. Most Chileans are not friendly to foreigners.
72【答案】D
【解析】细节理解题。综合第三段的 I had studied Spanish for two and a half years and was always one of the best students in my class.和第四段的 most exchange students experience this like me, 可 判断作者是一名交换生。
73【答案】A
【解析】细节理解题。来到智利的第一周，作者还在承受着culture shock 的痛苦，综合第四段Culture shock presents itself in everything from increased aggression towards the people to lack of appetite (食欲）.和第五段的 as time passed,
everything changed. I began to forget words in English and to dream in Spanish and love Chilean food 可判断，不习惯智利的饮食是作者来到智利的第一周出现 的。 74【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。综合第四段的I was required to overcome all difficulties和最后一段but the . 【湖南省雅礼中学2010四次月考】
sacrifices were nothing compared to the gain 可知，作者最有可能会 认为自己在智利的生活不容易， 但尽管如此还是很有意义的，因为它让作者学到了很多东西。 75【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。根据第二段的 rain was not seen very often, earthquakes and windstorms were
frequent 可判断C项正确。
〈10〉
CCTV anchorman Luo Jing died of cancer on June 5 ,2009 at the age of 48.
In 1983 ,graduating from Beijing Broadcasting Institute, he began his career as a prime time newscaster for CCTV .Over the past decades , as an icon of China’s broadcasting industry，Luo Jing’s modest image and clear voice left unforgettable memories with his audience.
Last year when he was diagnosed as having lymph cancer ,he felt it too awful,for two weeks later he was to run the torch ,He asked doctors to keep the secret in order for him to complete the task of the Olympic torch. Finally, not only did he complete the task, but he participated in a series of voice – over work in the Olympic Games opening ceremony . After that ,he frankly said to the leader the next day,―I have completed the task and I am going to hospital today.‖
Broadcast sowing rate of the News Network used to be 180words a minute, but increases to 300 words a minute, which is beyond most people‘s ability. What‘s more terror is the strict limit of time .Sometimes after a piece of news is broadcast, there is a few seconds left, when staff hand a message press release. The host must strictly control the time to broadcast the unexpected news. As soon as his voice fades , the program turns into the following images without one more second or less. In such high – intensity work environment, with the perfect professional he worked for 26 years without any error.
In life , we seldom mention comedy without tragedy, laughter without tears ,and joy without sorrow.Though the passing of Luo Jings brings us pain, it‘s only fitting to remember his smiles with happiness. He‘s been taken from us much too soon , but he leaves us what he‘s been working for.
56.When did Luo Jing go to hospital? 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】
【细节理解】
A. As soon as he ran the torch.
B. As soon as he was diagnosed with cancer.
C. As soon as he felt uncomfortable.
D. After attending the Olympic Games opening ceremony.
57.When Luo Jing began his career he was years old【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【细节理解】
A. 22 B. 24 C. 2 6 D. 28
58. Through the fourth paragraph the writer intends to show . 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【归纳概括】
A. how high broadcast sowing rate of the News Network is
B. how remarkable the achievement that Luo Jing made was
C. what gifts a person should have if he wants to make a host
D. how terrible to become a host of the News Network
59. What can be inferred from the passage? 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【逻辑推理】
A. Luo Jing was modest. B. Luo Jing had a clear voice.
C. Luo Jing had a strong will. D. Luo Jing hated being pitied.
56【答案】D．
【解析】细节题。从文章第3段最后一句可知罗京是在参加了奥运会的开幕式后才住院的
57【答案】A．
【解析】细节题。48—26=22
58【答案】B．
【解析】主旨题。这是一篇纪念央视主播罗京的文章，介绍央视对主播的能力和工作要求当然是要突出他所做出的非凡成绩。罗京26年都没有出过任何差错，而且是在这样的高要求下取得的，这是多么的不简单！
59【答案】C．
【解析】推断题。从文章第3段所讲的：罗京在被诊断患有癌症的情况下为传递火炬推迟住院，可以推出他是一个意志坚强的人。
〈11〉
Motherhood may make women smarter and may help prevent dementia(痴呆) in old age by bathing the brain in protective hormones(荷尔蒙) , U.S. researchers reported on Thursday.
Tests on rats show that those who raise two or more litters of pups do considerably better in tests of memory and skills than rats who have no babies, and their brains show changes that suggest they may be protected against diseases such as
Alzheimer’s(早老痴呆症). University of Richmond psychology professor Craig Kinsley believes his findings will translate into humans.
“Our research shows that the hormones of pregnancy(怀孕) are protecting the brain, including estrogen(雌激素), which we know has many neuroprotective (保护神经的) effects,” Kinsley said.
“It‘s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals,‖ he added in a telephone interview. ―They go through pregnancy and hormonal changes.‖ Kinsley said he hoped public health officials and researchers will look to see if having had children protects a woman from Alzheimer‘s and other forms of age-related brain decline.
“When people think about pregnancy, they think about what happens to babies and the mother from the neck down,‖ said Kinsley, who presented his findings to the annual meeting of the Society of Neuroscience in Orlando, Florida.
“They do not realize that hormones are washing on the brain. If you look at female animals who have never gone through pregnancy, they act differently toward young. But if she goes through pregnancy, she will sacrifice her life for her infant—that is a great change in her behavior that showed in genetic changes to the brain.‖
60. How do scientists know “Motherhood may make women smarter”? 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【细节筛选】
A. They know it by experimenting on rats. B. Many women say so.
C. Some researchers have told them. D. They know it through their own experience.
61. What does the phrase “litters of pups” mean in the second paragraph? 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【猜测词义】
A. Old rats. B. Animals. C. Baby rats. D. Grown-up rats.
62. What can protect the brain of a woman according to the passage? 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【细节筛选】
A. Estrogen.
B. Taking care of children. D. The hormones of pregnancy. C. More exercise.
63. “It’s rat data but humans are mammals just like these animals are mammals.” What does the sentence suggest? 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【逻辑推理】
A. The experiments on the rats are much the same on humans.
B. The experiments on the rats are very important for animals.
C. The experiments on the rats have nothing to do with humans.
D. The experiments on the rats are much the same on other animals.
64. Which title is the best for this passage? 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】
【归纳概括】
A. Do You Want to Be Smarter? B. An Important Study
C. Mysterious Hormones D. Motherhood Makes Women Smarter 60【答案】A
【解析】细节题。根据Tests on rats show… 可知科学家是通过做老鼠实验得出这个结论的。
61【答案】C
【解析】词义猜测题。后面的对比who have no babies，实际上提供了一个相反的情况，所以我们可以推测those who raise two or more litters of pups中的litters of pups指的是“刚出生不久的小老鼠”。
62【答案】D
【解析】细节题。根据文章第 3 段中的 …the hormones of pregnancy(怀孕) are protecting the brain可得出答案。
63【答案】A
【解析】句意理解题。科学家通过用老鼠做实验来说明人的问题。因为人和老鼠都属于哺乳动物，很多生理机能都相同。
64【答案】D
【解析】主旨题。短文第 1 句 Motherhood may make women smarter 是主题句，据此我们可以得出答案。
〈112〉
My newly-rented small apartment was far away from the centre of London and it was becoming essential for me to find a job, so finally I spent a whole morning getting to town and putting my name down to be considered by London Transport for a job on the underground. They were looking for guards, not drivers. This suited me. I couldn‘t drive a car but thought that I could probably guard a train, and perhaps continue to write my poems between stations. The writers Keats and Chekhov had
been doctors. T.S. Eliot had worked in a bank and Wallace Stevens for an insurance company. I‘d be a subway guard. I could see myself being cheerful, useful, a good man in a crisis. Obviously I‘d be overqualified but I was willing to forget about that in return for a steady income and travel privileges — those being particularly welcome to someone living a long way from the city centre.
The next day I sat down, with almost a hundred other candidates, for the intelligence test. I must have done all right because after about half an hour‘s wait I was sent into another room for a psychological test. This time there were only about fifty candidates. The interviewer sat at a desk. Candidates were signaled forward to occupy the seat opposite him when the previous occupant had been dismissed, after a greater or shorter time. Obviously the long interviews were the more successful ones. Some of the interviews were as short as five minutes. Mine was the only one that lasted a minute and a half.
I can remember the questions now: ―Why did you leave your last job?‖ ―Why did you leave your job before that?‖ ―And the one before that?‖ I can‘t recall my answers, except that they were short at first and grew progressively shorter. His closing statement, I thought, revealed (揭示) a lack of sensitivity which helped to explain
why as a psychologist, he had risen no higher than the underground railway. “You’ve failed the psychological test and we are unable to offer you a position.”
Failing to get that job was my low point. Or so I thought, believing that the work was easy. Actually, such jobs — being a postman is another one I still desire — demand exactly the sort of elementary yet responsible awareness that the habitual dreamer is least qualified to give. But I was still far short of full self-understanding. I was also short of cash.
65．The writer applied for the job chiefly because _________.【广东省2010届三校期末联考】【细节推理】
A．he wanted to work in the centre of London
B．he could no longer afford to live without one
C．he was not interested in any other available job
D．he had received some suitable training
66．The writer thought he was overqualified for the job because _________.【广东省2010届三校期末联考】【细节推理】
A．he often traveled underground B．he had written many poems
C．he could deal with difficult situations D．he had worked in a company
67．What does the writer realize now that he did not realize then? 【广东省2010届三校期末联考】【细节推理】
A．How unpleasant ordinary jobs can be. B．How difficult it is to be a poet.
C．How unsuitable he was for the job. D．How badly he did in the interview.
68．What’s the writer’s opinion of the psychologist? 【广东省2010届三校期末联考】【细节推理】
A. He was very aggressive. B. He was unhappy with his job.
C. He was quite inefficient. D. He was rather unsympathetic.
65【答案】B。
【解析】考查学生对信息进行加工和处理的能力。第1段提到：Obviously I’d be overqualified but I was willing to forget about that in return for a steady income and travel privileges…, 此外，文章最后也提到：I was also short of cash. 故选B。 66【答案】C。
【解析】考查学生对信息进行加工和处理的能力。第1段提到：I could see myself being cheerful, useful, a good man in a crisis. “……在危急时刻能应付自如的人，做保安其素质当然绰绰有余了”，故选C。
67【答案】C。
【解析】考查推理能力。最后一段提到：Actually, such jobs … demand exactly the sort of elementary yet responsible awareness that the habitual dreamer is least
qualified to give. 这类工作需要有一种基本的责任意识，而惯于空想者没有这种意识，故选C。
68【答案】D。
【解析】考查概括能力。第3段提到作者认为面试官的结束语（You’ve failed the psychological test and we are unable to offer you a position.）反映了他缺乏关爱、无动于衷（His closing statement, I thought, revealed (揭示) a lack of sensitivity which helped to explain why as a psychologist, he had risen no higher than the
underground railway.）
〈13〉
Mr. Smith is well known in Washington because of his many social blunders. He always likes to attend the various social functions because he wants to expand his circle of friends. Whenever he is invited, he goes, unless he is ill.
Recently he received an invitation to a fashionable banquet. Although he did not know the hostess, he accepted the invitation. He was secretly very pleased, because he felt that his reputation as a desirable guest was growing.
When he arrived at the banquet hall, he found that about one hundred people had been invited. He began to move around the hall. He spoke to other guests whether he knew them or not. He soon realized that he had never met any of the other people present, although they seemed to know each other.
At dinner he was seated beside a very dignified woman. The woman tried to be friendly even though she had never met Mr. Smith before. She spoke politely whenever he spoke to her. Between the first and the second course of the meal, she, turned to Mr. Smith and said, ―Do you see that gray-haired man at the end of the table? The one with glasses.‖
“Ah, yes. Who is he?‖
“He‘s the Secretary of the Interior!‖ she replied.
Mr. Smith said, ―So that‘s the secretary of the Interior! I‘ m afraid that I find very little to admire about him, although he is the Secretary.‖
The woman stiffened and did not reply. Mr. Smith contin?ued in spite of her coldness. ―I really can‘t see how he re?ceived his appointment unless he is perhaps a relative of the President.‖
“It hardly matters whether you like the Secretary or not,‖ she said. ―He was chosen because the President thought he was the man for the job. If he does the job well, you should have no complaint.‖
“That‘s just it,‖ persisted Mr. Smith. ―No one does the things he does, unless he is a complete fool!‖
“Sir!‖ said the woman in all her dignity. ―Do you know who I am?‖ ―No,‖ replied Mr. Smith.
“I am the Secretary‘s wife,‖ she said coldly. Mr. Smith was shocked, but he went on in spite of his embarrassment. ―Madam, do you know who I am?‖
“No, I don‘t,‖ the woman replied.
“Thank goodness!‖ exclaimed Mr. Smith, as he quickly left the table.
69. Why is Mr. Smith well known in Washington? 【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【细节推理】
A. He‘s the Secretary of the Interior.
B. He has more friends than other people.
C. He always makes foolish mistakes on social occasions.
D. He likes to go to all kinds of parties.
70. At dinner he was seated beside a very dignified woman. The underlined part means ___.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【猜测词义】
A. beautiful B. serious C. noble D. kind-hearted
71. When Mr. Smith learned that the woman didn’t know who he was, he felt ________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【逻辑推理】
A. shocked B. worried C. embarrassed D. relieved
(A)本文记述了一个在华盛顿因犯错而有名的Smith先生在一次宴会上，由于出言不逊而自讨没趣的故事。
69【答案】C
【解析】细节题。根据文章第一段第二句可知。
70【答案】C
【解析】词义题。根据她的身份the Secretary’s wife可知，她应该是“高贵的，尊贵的”。选项A、 B、D在文章中没有暗示。
71【答案】D
【解析】推断题。根据前面他说的话和Thank goodness可推知，由于女士不认识他，因而他感到一点宽慰。
〈14〉
Five years ago, David Smith wore an expensive suit to work every day. ―I was a clothes addict,‖ he jokes. ―I used to carry a fresh suit to work with me so I could change if my clothes got wrinkled.‖ Today David wears casual clothes-khaki pants and sports shirt-to the office. He hardly ever wears a necktie. ―I‘m working harder than ever,‖ David says, ―and I need to feel comfortable.‖
More and more companies are allowing their office workers to wear casual clothes to work in the United States. The change from formal to casual office wear has been gradual. In the early 1990s, many companies allowed their employees to wear casual clothes on Friday (but only on Friday). This became known as ―dress-down Friday‖ or ―casual Friday‖. ―What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.‖ said business consultant Maisly Jones. Why have so many companies started allowing their employees to wear casual clothes? One reason is that it‘s easier for a company to attract new employees if it has a casual dress code. ―A lot of young people don‘t want to dress up for work,‖ says the owner of a software company, ―so it‘s hard to hire people if you have a
conservative dress code.‖ Another reason is that people seem happier and more productive when they are wearing comfortable clothes. In a study conducted by Levi Strauss and Company, 85 percent of employers said that they believe that casual dress improves employee morale. Only 4 percent of employers said that casual dress has a negative impact on productivity. Supporters of casual office wear also argue that a casual dress code helps them save money. ―Suits are expensive, if you have to wear one every day,‖ one person said. ―For the same amount of money, you can buy a lot more casual clothes.‖
72. David Smith refers to himself as having been “a clothes addict” because _______.【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【逻辑推理】
A. he often wore khaki pants and a sports shirt
B. he wanted his clothes to look neat all the time
C. he couldn‘t stand a clean appearance
D. he didn‘t want to spend much money on clothes
73. The reason why David Smith wears casual clothes now is that _______.【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【逻辑推理】
A. they make him feel at ease when working
B. he cannot afford to buy expensive clothes
C. he looks handsome in casual clothes
D. he no longer works for any company
74. According to this passage, which of the following statements is true? 【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【细节判断】
A. Company workers started to dress down about twenty years ago.
B. ―Dress-down Friday‖ was first given as a favor from employers.
C. Dress-down has become an everyday phenomenon since the early 1990s.
D. Many workers want to wear casual clothes to impress people.
75. In this passage, the following advantages of casual office wear are mentioned in the passage except ___.【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【逻辑推理】
A. saving employees‘ money B. making employees more attractive
C. improving employees‘ motivation D. making employees happier
72【答案】B
【解析】语义理解题。大卫自嘲以前是服装爱好者，衣服一起皱，他就得换上备穿的服装。
73【答案】A
【解析】语义理解题。从第 1 段最后一句话 “I’m working harder than ever,” David says, “and I need to feel comfortable.” 可找到答案。
74【答案】B
【解析】细节判断题。从第 2 段最后 1 句 “What started out as an extra one-day-a-week benefit for employees has really become an everyday thing.” 可以做出正确判断。
75【答案】B
【解析】推断题。通读最后一段可知选项A(为雇员省钱)、C(提高雇员的工作热情)、D(使雇主高兴)在原文中均被提到，只有B未被提到。
〈15〉
Advertising can be a service to the customer. This is true when advertisements give reliable information about the goods advertised. Such information is needed if the customer is to make a sensible choice when he buys. It is useful in that it lets him know of the kinds of goods in the shops. Printed advertisements do this job best. Customers can collect them and compare them. They can be taken along to shops and their claims can be checked against the actual goods in the shops.
However, some advertisements are not very useful to the customer. Instead of helping him to sat?isfy his real needs, they set out to make him want things. They set out to create a need. These adver?tisements are cleverly done. The people who produce them understand our weaknesses. They set out to make us believe that what they advertise will make us cleverer, prettier and more handsome, if only we use it. Actually, it is our money they are after and we should be on guard. Some advertisements mislead customers by using part of the truth to suggest something false, and it is skillfully made to give that idea to the careless reader, listener or viewer.
At its best advertising can be useful to the customer. At its worst it can mislead him. Many newspapers check on the goods for which the advertisements made claims. Most newspapers are very careful about the small advertisements, which try to sell goods directly to the readers by post. Many newspapers print information about this on their small advertisement pages. Advertising has become a very big business, and good firms in it do all they can to make sure it is conducted with some attention to truth. This is a help to the customer. But the best way is for customers to be on the lookout.
56. It can be inferred from the passage that advertisements can be useful if they ________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【逻辑推理】
A. how a long list of the goods advertised
B. give true information about goods
C. tell customers what to buy
D. appear on TV and in newspapers at the same time
67. Advertisements that play on our weaknesses make us ________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【细节推断】
A. desire things we do not need B. purchase the goods we need
C. attracted by them D. become loyal reader, listener or viewer
68. According to the text, which of the following is TRUE? 【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【归纳概括】
A. All advertising firms do not care to tell the truth about the goods they advertise.
B. All advertising firms only care to make money, as advertising is a big business.
C. Most advertising firms make sure that advertisements do not purposely cheat.
D. The advertised goods are often of poor quality.
69. The underlined word "They" refers to ________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【猜测词义】
A. Goods B. Customers C. Shops D. Advertisements
(B)本文讲的是能给消费者提供广告物品的可信赖的信息的广告是有用的。 56【答案】B
【解析】推断题。由文章第一句推出。
57【答案】A
【解析】细节题。由第二段第一、二句可知。
58【答案】C
【解析】结论题。从第三、四段可知。 /
59【答案】D
【解析】指代题。由含They那个句子和前一句可知they指advertisements。
〈16〉
As the pace of life continues to increase, we are fast losing the art of relaxation. Once you are in the habit of rushing through life, being on the go from morning till night, it is hard to slow down. But relaxation is essential for a healthy mind and body. Stress is a natural part of everyday life and there is no way to avoid it. In fact, it is not the bad thing it is often supposed to be. A certain amount of stress is vital to provide motivation and give purpose to life. It is only when the stress gets out of control that it can lead to poor performance and ill health.
The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual. Some people are not afraid of stress, and such characters are obviously prime material for managerial responsibilities, others lose heart at the first sign of unusual difficulties. When exposed to stress, in whatever form, we react both chemically and physically. In fact we make choice between "flight or fight" and in more primitive days the choices made the difference between life or death. The crises we meet today are unlikely to be so extreme, but however little the stress, it involves the same response. It is when such a reaction lasts long, through continued exposure to stress, that health becomes endangered. Since we can't remove stress from our lives (it would be unwise to do so even if we could), we need to find ways to deal with it.
60．People are finding less and less time for relaxing themselves because _____.
【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【细节推理】
A．they regard working as their greatest enjoyment B．they believe that work is superior to relaxation C．they are traveling fast all the time D．they are becoming busier with their work than ever before
61．According to the author, the most important character for a good manager is his _____.【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【细节推理】
A．strong will to hold out stress B．knowing the art of relaxation C．high sense of responsibility D．having control over performance
62．Which of the following statements is TRUE, according to the passage? 【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【细节判断】
A．We can find quite a few ways to avoid stress.
B．Stress is always harmful to people's health C．It's easy to change the habit of keeping oneself busy with work. D．Different people can bear different amount of stress.
63．In the last sentence of the passage, "do so" refers to _____.【湖北省2010届第五次综合测试】【猜测词义】
A．"expose ourselves to stress" B．"find ways to deal with stress" C．"remove stress from our lives" D．"establish links between diseases and stress"
60【答案】D
【解析】【解析】推断题。由第一段可推知，无法放松自己主要是比以前任何时候都要忙碌。
61【答案】A
【解析】【解析】推断题。由第三段第二句可推知，当好管理者的优良品质是要具有坚强的抵制压力的意志。句中prime material意为“一流的素质”。
62【答案】D
【解析】【解析】细节题。由第三段第一句可The amount of stress a person can withstand depends very much on the individual.可知。
63【答案】C
【解析】【解析】猜义题。由Since we can't remove stress from our lives…可知括号里的内容是对前文的解释。
〈17〉
WASHINGTON, March 14 (Xinhua) —U.S. President Barack Obama confirmed on Saturday at the White House that China can have confidence in the American economy.
―Not just the Chinese government, but every investor can have absolute confidence in the soundness of investments in the United States,‖ Obama said.
―There is a reason why even in the midst of this economic downfall you have seen actual increases in investment flows here in the U. S.,‖he said.
Obama also noted the U. S. will push for stricter regulation of the financial industry “front and center” at the upcoming Group of 20 Summit (峰会) in London ,ending an argument between the Europe and the United States over whether more focus should be placed on financial regulatory reform.
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said earlier Friady he is “a little bit worried ”about the safety of Chinese assets (财产) in the United States ,urging the U. S. government to ensure the security of those assets.
China has invested its huge foreign exchange reserves (外汇储备) in low-risk but low-yield assets ,such as U. S.government bonds (政府债券) ,to play it safe .
According to the U.S. Treasury, China held 681.9 billion U.S. dollars worth of U.S. government bonds as of November.
―China is indeed the largest creditor of the United States, which is the world‘ s biggest economy .We are extremely interested in developments in the U. S. economy.‖said Wen, adding that he is expecting the effect of the measures taken by the U.S.government to counter the global financial crisis.
Asked to react to Wen’ s concern, Lawrence Summers, director of the U.S. National Economic Council, noted on Friday that the U.S. will be sound steward (管家)of the money it invests.
―This is a commitment that the president has made very clear—we need to be sound stewards of the money we invest.‖said Summers in a speech at the Brookings Institution, a leading think tank in the united states.
64. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage? 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【细节理解】
Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao expressed his worry about the huge fund to the United States.
Obama claimed that China can have confidence in the American economy. Obama said that the U. S. would be ―sound stewards of the money we invest.‖ The U. S. will push for stricter regulation of the financial industry.
65.It can most likely be inferred from the passage that . 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【推理判断】
A. the U. S. is now having great difficulty improving the economy.
B. China will have confidence in Obama forever according to Wen‘s speech
C. China held 681.9 billion U.S. dollars worth of U.S.government bonds as of November
D. China will do its best to help the U.S. overcome the global financial crisis.
66. Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao said earlier Friday he is “a little bit worried”, because . 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【细节理解】
A. he doesn‘t have confidence in America‘ s economy at all
B. China lent a huge fund to the United States
C. he is concerned about the security of China‘s assets in the U. S.
D. the U.S. refused to ensure the security of China‘s assets
67.The underlined word “soundness” in the second paragraph can be replaced by “ ” 【安徽省岳西中学、野寨中学2010届期末联考】【猜测词义】
A. loudness B. safety C. richness D. friendship
64【答案】C．
【解析】细节理解题。从倒数第二段可知。这句话是Lawrence Summers 说的，不是奥巴马所言，C错误。
55【答案】A．
【解析】推理判断题。从文中奥巴马对美国经济的担保和温家宝对中国在美国的外汇储备的担心可以推测出美国在改善经济问题方面存在困难。A正确。
66【答案】C．
【解析】细节理解题。从文章第五段直观信息可得知。
67【答案】B．
【解析】词义猜测题。由上下文推测可知。soundness 意为“安全”
〈18〉
Tess was eight years old. Her little brother Andrew was very sick and their parents were completely out of money. She heard Daddy say to her tearful Mother, ―Only a miracle can save him now.‖
Tess took her money and made her way six blocks to Rexall‘s Drug Store.
“And what do you want?‖ the chemist asked in an annoyed tone of voice. ―I‘m talking to my brother from Chicago whom I haven‘t seen for ages.‖
“Well, I want to talk to you about my brother,‖ Tess answered back in the same annoyed tone. ―He‘s really sick. He has something bad growing inside his head and my Daddy says only a miracle can save him now. So how much does a miracle cost?‖ “We don‘t sell miracles here, little girl. I‘m sorry but I can‘t help you,‖ the chemist said, softening a little.
“Listen, I can help you.‖ The chemist‘s brother was a well-dressed man. He asked Tess, ―What kind of miracle does your brother need?‖
“I don‘t know,‖ Tess replied. ―Mommy says he needs an operation. But my Daddy can‘t pay for it, so I want to use my money.‖
“How much do you have?‖ asked the man from Chicago. ―One dollar and eleven cents,‖ Tess answered. ―And it‘s all the money I have, but I can get some more, if I need to.‖
“Well，what a coincidence (巧合),” smiled the man. “A dollar and eleven cents － the exact price of a miracle for your little brother. Take me to where you live. Let’s see if 1 have the kind of miracle you need.”
That man was Dr. Carlton Armstrong, a surgeon in neurosurgery (神经外科). The operation was completed without charge and it wasn’t long until Andrew was home again and doing well．
Tess smiled. She knew exactly how much a miracle cost… one dollar and eleven cents… plus the faith of a little child.
68. What can we learn from the first paragraph? 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】
【细节推理】
A. Tess‘s brother would recover because there was a miracle.
B. Tess‘s brother would die because his family had no money to treat his illness.
C. Tess‘s family would look for a miracle to treat Andrew‘s illness.
D. Andrew should go to hospital for a miracle.
69. Why did the chemist get annoyed first？【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【细节推理】
A. Because he was a nervous man．
B. Because Tess didn‘t buy his medicine.
C. Because Tess had bothered him and his brother.
D. Because Tess was poorly dressed.
70. What can we learn about Dr. Carlton Armstrong? 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】
【细节推理】
A. He was a stone－hearted man.
B. He cared for only a little money.
C. He never helped others unless given a lot of money．
D. He was a kind gentleman and ready to help others.
71. What can be the best title？ 【吉林市2010届期末质量检测】【归纳概括】
A. A dying boy and her sister
C. A kind doctor and his brother doctor
68【答案】 B
【解析】. 细节推断题。由第一段可知父亲对儿子的病感到无能为力。
69【答案】 C
【解析】. 细节理解题。由第三段的对话内容可知。
70【答案】 D
【解析】. 细节推断题。由全文内容可知。
71【答案】 B
【解析】. 主旨大意题。全文主要讲述了一个奇迹的发生。
〈19〉
How the iron of tomorrow can change your lifestyle today.
(the first Self Cleaning Iron)
General Electric introduces the iron of tomorrow. The iron can clean itself. Inside where a iron gets dirty. Because it cleans itself each time you empty it. How? With a push of a magic blue button.
The magic blue button
The first thing you’ll notice that’s different about this iron is the blue button on the side. It’s marked "Self Clean". Push this blue button, and you can wash out loose mineral deposits(沉淀物) that remain and block up inside. Push this button, and you’ve made life a lot easier. B. A miracle of $ 1.10 D. A poor girl and a
Less chance of brown spots
Sure, Self Cleaning Iron is going to cut down on brown spots. (Those ugly spots that happen on nice, cleanly pressed clothes.) Because a Self Cleaning Iron becomes clean each time you press that magic blue button.
Steams better longer
Common sense tells you that if you‘ve an iron that blocks less often it has to stay younger for a long period of time. In other words, it steams better longer. That‘s another joy of ow?ning General Electric‘s Self Cleaning Iron.
What does it mean to you
Today you are doing so much more than just running a house and running after the kids. You‘re working. You‘re going to school. It‘s all part of your lifestyle. The iron can change that lifestyle. By giving you less trouble before you iron. If we can make it easier for you to be a better wife, a better mother, a better housekeeper, we want to. The new Self Cleaning Iron is another one of Home-Makers from Gener?al Electric. Lifestyle. We‘ re with yours. GENERAL ELECTRIC
72. This passage is ________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【归纳概括】
A. an introduction to General Electric
B. an operating instruction of Self Cleaning Iron
C. an advertisement of Self Cleaning Iron
D. a description of the change of lifestyle
73. This iron can clean itself by ________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【细节筛选】
A. emptying itself B. washing out mineral deposits
C. blocking up mineral deposits D. giving off more steam
74.According to the passage, what is most likely to attract the customers? 【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【逻辑推理】
A. It is made by General Electric.
B. The iron will not produce mineral deposits.
C. There will be fewer brown spots on pressed clothes.
D. Their clothes will be cleaned at the same time.
75. Self Cleaning Iron can help change your lifestyle because________.【江西省上高二中、新钢中学2010届期末联考】【细节推理】
A. you can run your house better
kids
B. you don‘t have to run after the D. we want you to be a better C. you can use it while you are working housekeeper
(D)本文介绍了a new iron的产家、功能和使用方法等，由此推知。
72【答案】C
【解析】主旨题。浏览大小标题及全文内容可知。
73【答案】B
【解析】细节题。由第二段you can wash out loose mineral deposits句可知。 74【答案】C
【解析】 推断题。由第三段可推知，这种iron能解决与衣服相关的问题的功能可能会引起顾客的兴趣。
75【答案】A
【解析】细节题。由最后一段可知。
〈20〉
If you look for a book as a present for a child. You will be spoiled for choice even in a year when there is no new Harry Patten J.K Rowling‘s wizard is not alone: the past decade has been a harvest for good children‘s books ,which has set off a large quantity of films and in turn led to increased sales of classics such as The Lord of the Rings.
Yet despite that ,reading is increasingly unpopular among children .According to statistics, in 1997 23% said they didn‘t like reading at all . In 2003, 35% did . And around 6% of children leave primary school each year unable to read properly.
Maybe the decline is caused by the increasing availability of computer games. Maybe the books boom has affected only the top of the educational pile . Either way , Chancellor Cordon Brown plans to change things for the bottom of the class .In his pre-budget report , he announced the national project of Reading Recovery to help the children struggling most.
Reading Recovery is aimed at six-year-olds ,who receive four months of individual daily half-hour classes with a specially trained teacher . An evaluation earlier this year reported that children on the scheme made 20 months‘ progress in just one year, whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months‘ progress ,and so ended the year even further below the level expected for their age. International research tends to find that when British children leave primary school they read well ,but read less often for fun than those elsewhere .Reading for fun
matters because children who are keen on reading can expect lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success . According to the OECD, being a regular and enthusiastic reader is of great advantage.
46.Which of the following is true of Paragraph 1? 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【判断正误】
A.Many children‘s books have been adapted from films.
B.Many high-quality children‘s books have been published .
C.The sales of classics have led to the popularity of films.
D.The sales of presents for children have increased.
47.Statistics suggested that _______.【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【逻辑推理】
A.the number of top students increased with the use of computers
B.a decreasing number of children showed interest in reading
C.a minority of primacy school children read properly
D.a large percentage of children read regularly
48.What do we know about Reading Recovery? 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【细节推理】
A.An evaluation of it will be made sometime this year.
B.Weak readers on the project were the most hardworking.
C.It aims to train special teachers to help children with reading.
D.Children on the project showed noticeable progress in reading.
49.Reading for fun is important because book-loving children _________. 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【细节推断】
A.take greater advantage of the project B.show the potential to enjoy a long life
C.are likely to succeed in their education. D.would make excellent future researchers
50.The aim of this text would probably be _________. 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【归纳概括】
A.to overcome primary school pupils reading difficulty.
B.to encourage the publication of more children‘s books
C.to remind children of the importance of reading for fun
D.to introduce a way to improve early childhood reading
【答案】
46【答案】B
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据第一段“...the past decade has been a harvest for good children’s books,which has set off a large quantity of films and in turn led to increased sales of classics such as The lord of the Rings.”可知这一年内还是有很多好的儿童书籍出版。
47【答案】B
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据第二段“Yet despite that,reading is increasingly unpopular among children.”可知虽然(有很多好书出版),但是阅读在孩子们中间越来越不流行,也就是对阅读感兴趣的孩子越来越少。
48【答案】D
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据第四段“An evaluation earlier this year reported that children on the scheme made 20 months’ progress in just one year,whereas similarly weak readers without special help made just five months’ progress”可知参加读书恢复计划的孩子一年内取得了20个月的进步,而没有得到帮助的孩子只取得了5个月的。可以推断出参加计划的孩子阅读水平有明显提高。
49【答案】C
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“Reading for fun matters because
children who are keen on reading can expect lifelong pleasure and loving books is an excellent indicator of future educational success.”可知以读书作为乐趣的孩子会对读书产生一生的爱好,爱好读书是教育成功的绝好指导者。可以推断出以读书为乐趣的孩子在教育上更容易成功。
50【答案】D
【解析】这是一道主旨题。本文介绍了目前孩子读书兴趣降低的现状,并给出了两种提供孩子阅读能力的尝试,一个是读书恢复计划指导孩子多读书,另一个是引导孩子为了兴趣读书,目的是介绍提高孩子阅读水平的方法。
〈21〉
Chinese scientist Qin Dahe was awarded the International Meteorological(气象学
的)Organization Prize，the top prize of the world Meteorological Organization (WMO) on Tuesday．
Qin，born in 1947，is a glaciologist(冰河学家)．As a member of the 1989
International Trans-Antarctic Pole Expedition he became the first Chinese ever to cross the South Pole．Qin has published numerous ground-breaking articles using evidence gathered from that trip．
“Inspired by the honor，I will continue my efforts to promote China's
meteorological researches with our brilliant team members．”Qin said at the ceremony．
“Meteorological and climatic conditions frequently go to extremes nowadays，against the background of global climate change．It poses a great challenge to human beings．”Qin said．“The undertakings shouldered by meteorological sciences will become more and more important．”
Chinese Vice Premier Hui liangyu said the prize not only reflected Qin's remarkable contributions，but also should be considered an honor for all China's meteorological scientists and researchers．He also spoke highly of China's meteorological contributions during the May 12 quake-relief work，the Beijing Olympics and Paralympics，as well as the Shenzhou 7 spacecraft’s flight mission.
Each year，WMO members nominate(提名) candidates for the prize for outstanding work in meteor ology and contributions to international cooperation in
meteorology．It is also regarded as the“Nobel Prize in Meteorology”．
The Executive Council of the WMO decided to recognize Qin this June．He was the second Chinese scientist to win the prize．The academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences，Ye Duzheng，received it in 2003．
60、The International Meteorological Organization Prize is intended to
honor ．【江西省六校2010届高三下学期3月联考】【细节筛选】
A．world-famous glaciologists doing research in the South Pole
B．those who made great contributions to the science of meteorology
C．those who have done a good job in quake-relief work
D．scientists who promote meteorological researches
61、Which of the following is the main topic of the passage? 江西省六校2010届高三下学期3月联考】【归纳概括】
A．Chinese scientist awarded top meteorological prize． B．A scientist who once crossed the South Pole． C．Nobel Prize in Meteorology．
D．Scientist awarded by the government．
62、Which of the following statements about Qin is NOT true? 江西省六校2010届高三下学期3月联考】【细节判断】
A．Qin was the first Chinese to cross the South Pole． B．Qin got much important information from the South Pole． C．Qin took an active part in the May 12 quake-relief work．
D．Qin was the second Chinese to win the top prize of the WMO．
63、What Qin said in the fourth paragraph shows ．江西省六校2010届高三下学期3月联考】【细节推理】
A．the change of global climate is natural B．meteorology will play a key role in meeting climatic challenges C．humans can meet all challenges from nature
D．global climate change has little effect on meteorological conditions
60【答案】B
【解析】由倒数第2段中“WMO members nominate candidates for the prize for outstanding work in meteorology and contributions to international cooperation in meteorology”一句可知，这个奖项主要奖励在气象学界作出突出贡献的人。 61【答案】A
【解析】本文主题是讲中国气象学家秦大河获得国际气象组织奖。
62【答案】C
【解析】文中并没有提及秦大河参加了5.12抗震救灾活动。
63【答案】B
【解析】秦大河的意思是说，随着全球气候的变化，人们将面临更多挑战，气象学将起到越来越重要的作用。
〈22〉
Part of A Bus Schedule
Read Across Back to Top
NORTHBOUND
Leave Leave Arrive Leave Arrive Arrive
Logan Airport Boston(South Station) Portland UMaine
～5:55a 5:45a 7:55a
7:15a 8:00a 10:00a
9:15a 10:00a 11:55a 12:01p 2:15p ∧2：45p
11:25a …… 1:35p
…… 12:01p 1:55p
12:25p …… 2:35p
～1:25p 1:15p 3:35p
1:25p 2:15p 4:10p 4:15p 6:30p ∧6:50p
2:25p …… 4:35p
…… 3:15p 5:10p
3:25p 4:15p 6:10p
4:25p …… 6:35p Portland Bangor Orono-
…… 5:15p 7:10p
7:35p 5:25p ……
5:25p 6:15p 8:10p 8:15p 10:30p 10:50p
6:25p …… 8:35p With Concord Trail ways,
no reservations necessary!
Buy tickets on the day of travel.
…… 7:15p 9:10p
7:25p 8:15p 10:10p
8:25p …… 10:35p
9:25p 10:15p 12:10a
～11:25p
Important frequency codes for above schedule:
～Trip leaves Boston South Station FIRST before picking up at Logan Airport. ★Trip operates Sundays ONLY
∧Trip operates Fridays＆Sundays ONLY
＃Trip operates to Logan Airport FIRST before dropping off at Boston South Station Italics indicate a bus change in Portland.
★★Service to University of Maine at Orono operates only when school is in session, beginning/end is noted under Holiday＆College Notices. The service is also listed in our published schedule.
61. Which of the following trips leaves Boston South Station first before picking up at Logan Airport 【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【细节筛选】
A.11:15P B. 6:15P C. 8:15P D. 10:00P
62. Which of the following airport departures does NOT stop at South Station in Boston? 【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【细节推理】
A. 9:15 morning bus B. 12:25 afternoon bus
C. 5:25 afternoon bus D. 9:25 evening bus 11:15p 1:25a
63. According to the schedule, when the service is available, how many buses per day go from Logan Airport to the University of Maine at Orono? 【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【细节推理】
A. 1 B. 3 C. 12 D. 17
64. According to the notes under the schedule, when would students NOT be able to get a bus to the University of Maine from Boston? 【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【细节推理】
A. At weekends B. In session. C. During university holidays. D. In the case of bad weather
65. Which of the following best describes the ticket policy of Concord Trail ways?
【湖南师大附中2010届高三上学期第六次月考】【细节推理】
A. Tickets must be booked online.
B. Reservations are necessary.
C. Tickets can be bought on the travel day.
D. Discounts are provided for advanced booking.
表格是公汽时刻表的一部分（这里只呈现了向北方向的时刻表），表格上方的read across说明要横向看，除了注意从哪里发车到哪里，还要注意表格前后的提示。 61【答案】A.
【解析】根据符号后的内容，只有11:15P这班车有～符号，可知答案为A. 62【答案】 B.
【解析】注意题目说的是airport departures, 即从airport发车在South Station in Boston不停靠的车，表格中这部分： 说明了，上午12：25的车是 -----虚线，表示不停靠，而其他的都显示了在South Station in Boston停靠的时间。所以选B。 63【答案】 B
【解析】横向看，最后一列的顶行写了Arrive Orono - UMaine ** (看后面对**符号的解释部分说了是University of Maine)看这一列可知只有三趟车从机场到达。 64【答案】 C.
【解析】此题还是接上题要求阅读后面对**符号的解释部分，说明只在University of Maine开学(in session)的时候才有车。所以答案为C。
65【答案】 C.
【解析】时刻表的右下角有粗体字，强调不需要预订车票，乘坐当天买就可以。所以选C。
〈23〉
Cost of American Wars
War name
Cost of the war
Cost as a percent of annual GDP
Revolutionary War
US $ 2.2 billion (in 2002 dollars)
63%
War of 1812
US $ 1.1 billion
13%
Mexican War
US $ 1.6 billion
3%
Civil War
US $ 62 billion
104%
Spanish American War
US $ 9.6 billion
3%
World War I
US $ 190. 6 billion
24%
World War II
US $ 2.9 trillion
103%
Korean War
US $ 335.9 billion
15%
Vietnam War
US $ 494.3 billion
12%
First Gulf War
US $ 76.1 billion
1%
Notes: ① GDP → 国民生产总值
② 1 billion = 1,000,000,000 ③1 trillion = 1,000,000,000,000
69. Which wars cost more than a year’s worth of the GDP? 【重庆市酉阳一中2010届高三上学期第四次月考】【细节推理】
A. First Gulf War and World War I World War II
B. The Civil War and D. Mexican War and Civil C. World War II and Revolutionary War War
70. The American annual gross domestic product in 1951 was _________. 【重庆市酉阳一中2010届高三上学期第四次月考】【细节筛选】
A. 2.239 trillion B.2.9 trillion C. 3, 25 trillion D. 76.1 billion
71. Which of the following is NOT true? 【重庆市酉阳一中2010届高三上学期第四次月考】【推理判断】
A. Mexican War cost more than War of 1812.
B. First Gulf War cost the least in term of the percentage of the annual of GDP.
C. World War II cost more than Korean War.
D. Mexican War cost as much money as Spanish American War.
本表格是美国历次战争的开支情况统计。
69【答案】B。
【解析】细节题。从表中可以看出美国内战和第二次世界大战的费用分别占美国年度国民生产总值的104%和103%，超出了它的年度GDP。故选B。
70【答案】A。
【解析】推测计算题。从常识中可以知道，19xx年美国正处在朝鲜战争之中，而美国在朝鲜战争的花费为 $335.9 billion，占它的年度GDP的15%。据此可以计算出它19xx年的 GDP 应为 $2.239 trillion。
71【答案】D。
【解析】D事实确认题。项明显错误。Mexican War 和 Spanish American War 两场战争的花费占年度的GDP比率相同，但并不等于两场战争的费用是一样的。 〈24〉
International Weather Forecast（January 18 th，2008）
Paris Weather
?Today：Plentiful sunshine High 59F．Winds NE at 5 to 10 mph．
?Tonight：Generally clear．Low near 35F．Winds light and variable．
?Tomorrow：A mainly sunny sky．High 59F．Winds ENE at 5 to l0mph． ?Tomorrow night：A mostly clear sky．Low 36F，Winds light and variable． New York Weather
?Today：Cloudy with rain and snow showers Temps nearly steady in the mid 30s．Winds SE at 5 to 10 mph．Chance of precip 40％．
?Tonight：Rain and snow showers this evening changing to rain showers overnight Low 34F．Winds ESE at 5 to 10 mph Chance of precip 60％．
?Tomorrow：Cloudy skies early will become partly cloudy later in the day．High around 45F．Winds WNW at l0 to 20mph．
?Tomorrow night：Partly cloudy early with increasing clouds overnight Low 29F．Winds W at 5 to10 mph．
London Weather
?Today：Cloudy and windy．High 56F． Winds WSW at 20 to 30 mph． ?Tonight：Partly cloudy and windy．Low 43F．Winds W at 20 to 30 mph．
?Tomorrow：Windy with occasional light rain．High 58F．Winds SW at 20 to 30 mph．Chance of rain 70％．
?Tomorrow night：Cloudy and windy．Periods of light rain early．Low
54F．Winds WSW
at 20 to 30 mph，Chance of rain 60％．
Sydney Weather
?Today：Cloudy with periods of rain．High 73F．Winds NE at 10 to 15
mph．Chance of rain 70％．Rainfall around a quarter of an inch．
?Tonight：Rain．Low near 70F．Winds NNE at 10 to 15 mph．Chance of rain 70％．Rainfall near a quarter of an inch．
?Tomorrow：Showers in the morning with isolated thunderstorms arriving in the afternoon．High 78FWindsNNE at 5 to10 mph．Chance of rain 40％．
?Tomorrow night：An isolated thunderstorm possible during the evening．then occasional showers overnight．Low near 70F．Winds WNW at 5 to 10
mph．．Chance of rain 40％．
65．Which city has the strongest wind on January 19th? 【湖南省地质中学2010届高三12月月考】【细节筛选】
A．Paris． B．New York． C．London． D．Sydney．
66．There will be thunderstorms in Sydney oil ．湖南省地质中学2010届高三12月月考】【细节筛选】
A．the evening of January 18th
January 18th
C．the morning of January 19th
January 19th B．the afternoon of D．the afternoon of
67．If you go on a tour on January l8th，which of the following places of interest is the most favorable according to the weather report? 湖南省地质中学2010届高三12月月考】【细节推断】
A．The Eiffel Tower．
C．Big Wed．
House．
65．【答案】C
【解析】细节题，查读法。根据题干关键词“the strongest wind”查读四个城市Tomorrow的风力部分，可以判断在1月19号，伦敦的风力是每小时20—30英里，比其他各城市要强。
66．【答案】D
【解析】细节题，查读法。根据悉尼的天气预报中“Tomorrow”信息中的第一句t“Showers in the morning with isolated thunderstorms arriving in the afternoon．”可以判断1月19号下午有雷雨。
67．【答案】A
【解析】细节推断题，常识+略读法。埃菲尔铁塔是巴黎的标志，自由女神像是纽约的标志，大本钟是伦敦的标志，悉尼歌剧院是悉尼的标志。根据各地的天气预报可以判断，巴黎1月18号天气状况是阳光明媚，适合游览观光，而其他地方不是阴天就是雨雪天气。
〈25〉
Sports shoes that work out whether their owner has done enough exercise to warrant time in front of the television have been devised in the UK.
The shoes — named Square Eyes — contain an electronic pressure sensor and a tiny computer chip to record how many steps the wearer has taken in a day. A wireless transmitter(传话器) passes the information to a receiver connected to a television, and this decides how much evening viewing time the wearer deserves, based on the day‘s efforts. B．Statue of Liberty． D．The Sydney Opera
The design was inspired by a desire to fight against the rapidly ballooning waistlines among British teenagers, says Gillian Swan, who developed Square Eyes as a final year design project at Brunel University to London, UK. ―We looked at current issues and childhood overweight really stood out,‖ she says. ―And I wanted to tackle that with my design.‖
Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.
Swan calculated how exercise should translate to television time using the recommended daily amounts of both. Health experts suggest that a child take 12,000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television. So, every 100 steps recorded by the Square Eyes shoes equals precisely one minute of TV time.
Existing pedometers （计步器） normally clip onto a belt or slip into a pocket and keep count of steps by measuring sudden movement. Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat. ―It is possible, but it would be a lot of effort,‖ she says. ―That was one of my main design considerations.‖
51.According to Swan, the purpose of her design project is to ________. 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【细节推断】
A.keep a record of the steps of the wearer
B.deal with overweight among teenagers
C.enable children to resist the temptation of TV
D.prevent children from being tricked by TV programs
52.Which of the following is true of Square Eyes shoes? 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【细节判断】
A.They regulate a child‘s evening TV viewing time.
B.They determine a child‘s daily pocket money.
C.They have raised the hot issue of overweight.
D.They contain information of the receiver.
53.What is stressed（强调）by health experts in their suggestion? 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【细节推理】
A.The exact number of steps to be taken.
B.The precise number of hours spent on TV.
C.The proper amount of daily exercise and TV time.
D.The way of changing steps into TV watching time.
54.Compared with other similar products, the new design ________. 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【细节推理】
A.makes it difficult for lazy teenagers to cheat
B.counts the wearer‘s steps through shaking
C.records the sudden movement of the wearer
D.sends teenagers‘ health data to the receiver
55.Which of the following would be the best title for the text? 【广东省中山市实验高中2010届高三上学期12月月考】【归纳概括】
A.Smart Shoes Decide on Television Time Exercise
C.Smart Shoes Measure Time of Exercise Overweight
51【答案】B
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据第三段“‘We looked at current issues and
childhood overweight really stood out,’she says,‘And I want to tackle that with my design .’”可以推断出这个设计是为了解决孩子超重的问题。
52【答案】A
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据第四段“Once a child has used up their daily allowance gained through exercise, the television automatically switches off. And further time in front of the TV can only be earned through more steps.”可知这种鞋利用走路的步数来控制孩子看电视的时间。
53【答案】C
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据第五段“Health experts suggest that a child take 12 000 steps each day and watch no more than two hours of television.”可以推断出健康专家给出了每天合适的运动量和看电视时间。
54【答案】A.
【解析】这是一道推断题。根据最后一段“Swan says these can be easily tricked into recording steps through shaking. But her shoe has been built to be harder for lazy teenagers to cheat.”可以推断出类似产品可以用晃动来作弊,但是她设计的鞋使得懒惰的青少年很难作弊。
55【答案】A B.Smart Shoes Guarantee More D.Smart Shoes Stop Childhood
【解析】这是一道主旨题。本文主要介绍了一款智能运动鞋,利用孩子们每天的走步数来决定看电视的时间,起到控制体重的作用.
〈26〉
A sobbing little girl stood near a small church from which she had been turned away because it “was too crowded．” “I can’t go to Sunday School,” she sobbed to the pastor (牧师) as he walked by．Seeing her shabby appearance, the pastor
guessed the reason, and, taking her by the hand, took her inside and found a place for her in the Sunday School class．The child was so touched that she went to bed that night thinking of the children who have no place to worship Jesus．
Some years later, this child lay dead in one of the poor buildings and the parents called for the kindhearted pastor, who had befriended their daughter, to handle the final arrangements．As her poor little body was being moved, a worn purse was found which seemed to have been picked up from some trash dump．Inside was found 57 cents and a note scribbled in childish handwriting which read, “This is to help build the little church bigger so more children can go to Sunday School．”
For two years she had saved for this offering of love．When the pastor tearfully read that note, he knew instantly what he would do．Carrying this note, he told people the story of her unselfish love and devotion．
A newspaper learned of the story and published it．It was read by a Realtor who offered them a parcel of land worth many thousands．When told that the church could not pay so much, he offered it for 57 cents．
Church members made large donations．Checks came from far and wide．Within five years the little girl’s gift had increased to $250,000, a huge sum for that time． When you are in the city of Philadelphia, look up Temple Baptist Church, with a seating capacity of 3,300 and Temple University, where hundreds of students are trained．Have a look, too, at the Good Samaritan Hospital and at a Sunday School building which houses hundreds of Sunday scholars, so that no child in the area will ever need to be left outside during Sunday school time．
41．Why did the girl have a purse with 57 cents? 【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第五次模拟考试】【逻辑推理】
A．To save money for her future career． B．To build a large building for more children to live in． C．To help build a church big enough for every child to go to．
D．To remind people to make remarkable history．
42．How did a Realtor help the church? 【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第五次模拟考试】【细节推理】
A．He made the story known to the public by publishing it． B．He sold a land to the church for free． C．He offered the church a piece of land for 57 cents． D．He raised money for the church．
43．What can be inferred from the passage? 【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第五次模拟考试】【逻辑推理】
A．Church members donated because of their desire for a big church． B．The girl’s unselfish love was rewarded at last． C．The pastor found 57 cents saved by the little girl． D．Temple Baptist Church, Temple University, Good Samaritan Hospital and a Sunday School building all belong to the small church the little girl went to．
44．What’s the best title of the passage? 【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第五次模拟考试】【归纳概括】
A．57 Cents C．Pastor and Girl B．A little girl’s wish D．A bigger Church
41【答案】C
【解析】根据文章第二段可知，小女孩的57美分是为了扩建小教堂的，她希望每个孩子都能上主日学校。
42【答案】C
【解析】根据文章倒数第三段可知Realtor把一块土地以57美分的价格卖给了教堂。 43【答案】B
【解析】人们对教堂的捐钱是始于对小女孩的馈赠。在五年内捐款达25美元，这是小女孩无私的爱带来的巨大回报。
44【答案】A
【解析】文章主要围绕贫穷的小女孩攒了57美分以扩建教堂展开的。故选57 Cents为题目。
〈27〉
When next year’s crop of high-school graduates arrive at Oxford University in the fall of 2009, they’ll be joined by a new face: Andrew Hamilton, the 55-year-old provost(教务长) of Yale, who’ll become Oxford’s vice-chancellor——a position equal to university president in America.
Hamilton isn‘t the only educator crossing the Atlantic. Schools in France, Egypt, Singapore, etc. have also recently made top-level hires from abroad. Higher education has become a big and competitive business nowadays, and like so many businesses, it‘s gone global. Yet the talent flow isn’t universal. High-level
personnel(人员) tend to head in only one direction: outward from America.
The chief reason is that American schools don‘t tend to seriously consider looking abroad. For example, when the board of the University of Colorado searched for a new president, it wanted a leader familiar with the state government, a major source of the university’s budget. “We didn’t do any global consideration,” says
Patricia Hayes, the board’s chair. The board finally picked Bruce Benson, a 69-year-old Colorado businessman and political activist(活动家) who is likely to do well in the main task of modern university presidents: fund-raising. Fund-raising is a particularlly American thing, since U.S. schools rely heavily on donations. The fund-raising ability is largely a product of experience and necessity.
Many European universities, meanwhile, are still mostly dependent on government funding. But government support has failed to keep pace with rising student numbers. The decline in government support has made fund-raising an increasingly necessary ability among administrators (管理人员), and has hiring committees hungry for Americans.
In the past few years, well-known schools around the world have joined the trend. In 2003, when Cambridge University appointed Alison Richard, another former Yale provost, as its vice-chancellor, the university publicly stressed that in her previous job she had overseen ―a major strengthening of Yale‘s financial position.‖
Of course, fund-raising isn‘t the only skill outsiders offer. The globalization of education means more universities will be seeking heads with international experience of some kind to promote international programs and attract a global
student body. Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective(视角) on established practices.
56.What is the current trend in higher education discussed in the passage? 【湖南省长沙市一中?雅礼中学2010届高三3月月考联考】【细节推理】
A.Institution worldwide are hiring administrators from the US.
B.A lot of activists are being hired as administrators
C. American universities are enrolling more international students.
D. University presidents are paying more attention to funding-raising.
57. What is the chief consideration of American universities when hiring top-level administrators? 【湖南省长沙市一中?雅礼中学2010届高三3月月考联考】【细节推理】
A. The political correctness. B. Their ability to raise funds.
C. Their fame in academic circles. D. Their administrative experience.
58. What do we learn about European universities from the passage? 【湖南省长沙市一中?雅礼中学2010届高三3月月考联考】【细节筛选】
A. The tuitions(学费) they charge h ave been rising considerably.
B. Their operation is under strict government control.
C. They are strengthening their position by globalization.
D. Most of their money comes from the government.
59. In what way do top-level administrators from abroad contribute to university
development? 【湖南省长沙市一中?雅礼中学2010届高三3月月考联考】【细节推理】
A. They can improve the university‘s image.
B. They will bring with them more international personnel.
C. They will view a lot of things from a new angle.
D. They can set up new academic subjects.
60.Which of the following would make the best title of the passage? 【湖南省长沙市一中?雅礼中学2010届高三3月月考联考】【归纳概括】
A. Higher Education Globalization B.Global Headhunting In Higher Education
C. Global Higher Education Cooperation D. Universal Higher Education Development
56【答案】A
【解析】根据第二段最后一句“High-level personnel tend to head in only one
direction: outward from America”可知答案。另外，第五段首行“…have joined the trend.”也有暗示。
57【答案】B
【解析】根据文章第三段我们不难看出答案。
58【答案】D
【解析】线索见文章第四段首行“…mostly dependent on government funding”。 59【答案】C
【解析】根据文章最后一句“Foreigners can offer a fresh perspective on
established practices”可知答案为C。
60【答案】B
【解析】文章重点介绍美国大学高级管理人才流向国外这一现象及其产生原因和作用，所以答案为B“Global Headhunting In Higher Education”（高校全球猎头）。 〈28〉
Top Eco Destinations in the World for 2009
Have you spent hours searching the web for an eco-friendly holiday that suits your budget or ideals? Then look no further because online travel planning resource,
Professional Travel Guide, recently revealed(透露) their top choices for eco-travelers this year. Here are just some of their recommendations:
1. Africa: Madagascar
Home to a variety of animals found nowhere else on the planet, Madagascar is a must-go destination for anyone interested in the natural world. Lemurs(狐猴) and baobab trees account for just some of the unique flora(植物群) and fauna(动物群) entrapped on this wonderful island.
2. America: St John (US Virgin Islands)
Though it’s the smallest of the US Virgin Islands, St John has a remarkably varied landscape. Virgin Islands National Park makes up two-thirds of its landmass, where visitors can hike in deep ravines(山谷), over tropical mountains and across arid coastal areas. Don‘t overlook the beaches and coral reefs – it‘s a Caribbean island.
3. Europe：Iceland
As one might expect from a country whose name is “ice”, Iceland’s landscape is rugged（崎岖不平的）and harsh（粗糙的）. Take a hike past lava fields, glaciers and waterfalls and marvel at the wildlife (puffins) and natural wonders (hot springs and geysers) akin to this barren landscape. Visit between fall and spring to catch a glimpse of the Northern Lights.
72. We learn from the text that Professional Travel Guide is ____________. 【贵州省贵阳一中2010届高三上学期期末考试】【逻辑推理】
A. a website offering travel information
B. an organization that administrates travel
C. a travel agent that offers free information
D. a place where tourists present their opinion
73. The US Virgin Islands are well worth a visit because _________.【贵州省贵阳一中2010届高三上学期期末考试】【逻辑推理】
A. it belongs to a Caribbean island
C. the landscape is very impressive B. National Park covers most islands D. visitors can have a view of ravines
74. Why are readers advised to visit Iceland between fall and spring? 【贵州省贵阳一中2010届高三上学期期末考试】【逻辑推理】
A. They can watch the wildlife such as puffins.
B. They can take a hike through the lava fields.
C. They can experience waterfalls and hot springs.
D. They can enjoy the beauty of the Northern Lights.
72【答案】A.
【解析】 推理判断题。根据文章的第一段的第二句话推测，Professional Travel Guide可提供在线的旅游计划资源，因此它应该是一家提供旅游咨讯的网站。 73【答案】C.
【解析】 在文章推荐的第二处旅游景点(美属)维尔京群岛中，第一句话Though it’s the smallest of the US Virgin Islands, St John has a remarkably varied landscape表明维尔京群岛景色非常美丽，而且景色多变。接着具体描述了该群岛具体有国家保护区、游客可看到山谷、热带山脉及海滨等。
74【答案】B.
【解析】主旨大意题。根据文章的题目和内容，可概括文章的写作目的是提供关于生态旅游的信息，换言之，就是推荐一些生态旅游的去处。
〈29〉
What kind of life do you want? And what would you do if you were born with an illness like Cystic Fibrosis (囊胞性纤维症)?Charley was such a man．He was born with Cystic Fibrosis, a serious disease of the muscles．Without properly functioning muscles, eventually you’re unable to breathe．However, Charley was fortunate to have many care- givers, including his wife who helped him a lot．He became an engineer and helped plan structures that would allow streets and buildings to give better access to the disabled．Charley couldn’t live without a wheelchair, and could only use one hand to move it．His speech was also difficult to understand．However, Charley had a sharp mind．He could see, hear, use a few fingers and think, and that was enough to allow him to make an important contribution to his city．He made those around him more aware of their physical health．
In the movie JackandJillvs．theWorld, Jill is a 25-year-old girl who has just arrived in New York City．She has Cystic Fibrosis, but she doesn’t let it control her life．She’s happy, in fact! She meets a young man, Jack, and changes his life forever．One day she has to tell him about her illness．He’s angry and disappointed, but later he realizes that it’s their relationship that matters．They decide to be together, and live as happily as possible．
Charley’s story is true．Jack and Jill’s story is made up．How do you want to live your life? Use your imagination, and enjoy your life and all its wonders．Create your picture of a happy life．
45．The writer uses the two questions at the beginning of the passage to
_____．【青海省西宁一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【逻辑推理】
A．test the readers’ attitude about life B．draw the readers’ attention to the topic C．invite the readers to answer them D．tell readers how to make a living
46．About Charley, which of the following is TRUE? 【青海省西宁一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【细节判断】
A．He is a father of two boys． B．He can live well without wheelchair． C．He is a lucky because many people give him care．
D．He can speak as others do．
47．From the passage, we can infer that _____．【青海省西宁一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【逻辑推理】
A．health is the origin of happiness B．the attitude to life decides your happiness C．Cystic Fibrosis a serious disease of the muscles D．Charley’s story is made up
48．The film JackandJill vs．theWorld is set in _____．【青海省西宁一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】【细节筛选】
A．three young people B．New York City
C．Paris
45【答案】B D．a place that we don’t know
【解析】考查写作目的。位于文章的开头，且又根据下文所讲述的内容：查理就是一个天生有 囊胞性纤维症的人，以及他是如何与疾病抗争并过着快乐生活，同时又用一部电影中的人物的故事讲述了生活态度的重要。故所设问题是为了吸引读的对话题的关注，故选B。
46【答案】C
【解析】细节理解题。由Charley was fortunate to have many care- givers可知。A没有被提及。B与D与文章所述不符。
47【答案】B
【解析】推理判断题。由第一段知Charley身患疾病但仍进其所能地为社会做贡献，因此他很幸福；从第二段知，一位患病的女孩没有让病痛控制她的生活，而且还得到了真爱。从而得知，虽身患疾病，但仍坚强，快乐的生活。故态度决定幸福。C虽正确但并非推论得出。
48【答案】B
【解析】细节推理题。由第二段的In the movie JackandJillvs．theWorld, Jill is a 25-year-old girl who has just arrived in New York City．可知，故事发生在纽约市。
高考频考点22. 阅读表达
〈1〉【湖北省2010届第三次综合测试】【阅读表达】
Work is a very important part of life in the United States. When the early Protestant immigrants(新教徒移民) came to this country, they brought the idea that work was the way to God and heaven. This attitude, the Protestant Work Ethic(道德规范), still influences America today. Work is not only important for economic benefits, the salary, but also for social and psychological need, the feeling of doing something for the good of the society. Americans spend most of their lives working, being productive. For most Americans, their work defines them: they are what they do. What happens then, when a person can no longer work? Almost all Americans stop working at age sixty-five or seventy and retire. Because work is such an important part of life in this culture, retirement can be very difficult. Retirees often feel that they are useless and unproductive. Of course, _______________; but leaving one‘s job, whatever it is, is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring. Many retirees do not know how to use their time or they feel lost without their jobs. Retirements can also bring financial problems. Many people rely on Social Security checks every month. During their working years, employees contribute a certain percentage of their salaries to the government. Each employer also gives a certain percentage to the government. When people retire, they receive this money as income. These checks do not provide enough money to live on, however, because prices are increasing very rapidly. Senior citizens, those over sixty-five, have to have savings in the bank or other retirement plans to make ends meet. The rate of inflation(通货膨胀) is forcing prices higher each year. Social Security checks alone cannot cover these growing expenses. The government offers some assistance, Medicare and welfare, but many senior citizens have to change their life styles after retirement. They have top spend carefully to be sure that they can afford to buy food, fuel and other necessities.
American society is only beginning to be concerned about the special physical and emotional needs of its senior citizens. The government is taking steps to ease the problem of limited income. They are building new housing, offering discounts in stores and museums and on buses, and providing other services such as free courses, food service, and help with housework.
76．What’s the general idea of this passage? (Please answer within 10 words.) ___________________________________________________________________________
77．Translate the underlined sentence in the first paragraph into Chinese.
___________________________________________________________________________
78．Please fill in the blank with proper words or phrases. (Please answer within 10 words.)
___________________________________________________________________________
79．Which sentence in the passage is the closet in meaning to the following sentence?
Retirees will have many economic difficulties after retiring.
___________________________________________________________________________
80．What other suggestions would you give to the government to take steps to ease the problems of limited income of the senior citizens? (Please answer within 30 words.
76 【答案】Americans’ attitudes towards work and retirement.
77 【答案】工作的重要性不仅是因为它可以获得经济利益，如工资，而且它也是社会和心理上的需要，一种为社会做贡献的心理。
78 【答案】some people are happy to retire/this is not always true
79 【答案】Retirements can also bring financial problems.
80 【答案】The government can decrease their expenses or increase their income. For example, they can encourage the retirees to teach young workers their rich experiences to make much money.
高考频考点23. 信息匹配
〈1〉
请阅读下列文章和相关信息，并按要求匹配信息。【广东省2010届四校四次联考】
【信息匹配】
下面是几则寓言小故事：
76. An ant went to the bank of a river to quench its thirst, and being carried away by the rush of the stream, was on the point of drowning. A dove sitting on a tree overhanging the water plucked a leaf and let it fall into the stream close to her. The ant climbed onto it and floated in safety to the bank. Shortly afterwards a birdcatcher came and stood under the tree, aiming at the dove. The ant, perceiving his design, stung him in the foot. In pain the birdcatcher shouted, and the noise made the dove take wing.
77. Two men were travelling together, when a bear suddenly met them on their path. One of them climbed up quickly into a tree and hid himself in the branches. The
other, seeing that he must be attacked, fell flat on the ground, and when the bear came up and felt him with his snout, and smelt him all over, he held his breath, and pretended to be dead as much as he could. The bear soon left him, for he will not touch a dead body. When he disappeared, the other traveller descended from the tree, and asked his friend what it was the bear had whispered in his ear. ―He gave me this advice,‖ his companion replied. ―Never travel with a friend who deserts you at the approach of danger.‖
78. A prince had some monkeys trained to dance. Being naturally good at learning, they showed themselves excellent pupils, and in their rich clothes and masks, they danced as well as any of the courtiers. Their performance was often repeated with great applause, till on one occasion a courtier, bent on mischief, took from his pocket a handful of nuts and threw them upon the stage. The monkeys at the sight of the nuts forgot their dancing and became (as indeed they were) monkeys instead of actors. Pulling off their masks and tearing their robes, they fought with one another for the nuts. The dancing spectacle thus came to an end in the laughter and ridicule of the audience.
79. A cock was once strutting up and down the farmyard among the hens when suddenly he noticed something shining in the straw. "Ho! ho!" said he, "that‘s for me," and soon rooted it out from beneath the straw. It turned out to be a pearl that by some chance had been lost in the yard. ―You may be a treasure,‖ signed the cock, ―to man, but for me I would rather have a single barley-corn.‖
78. An old man on the point of death summoned his sons around him to give them some parting advice. He ordered his servants to bring in a bunch of sticks, and said to his eldest son: "Break it." The son tried hard, but with all his efforts was unable to break the bundle. The other sons also tried, but none of them was successful. ―Untie it,‖ said the father, ―and each of you take a stick.‖ When they had done so, he called out to them: ―Now, break,‖ and each stick was easily broken.
请阅读下面的故事寓意，然后匹配与之对应的小故事。
A. Not everything you see is what it appears to be.
B. One man‘s pleasure may be another‘s pain. / One man‘s meat is another‘s poison,
C. Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends.
D. One good turn deserves another.
E. Union gives strength.
F. Precious things are for those that can prize them.
76【答案】D
【解析】文章之中鸽子救了蚂蚁，蚂蚁反过来咬了捕鸟人来救鸽子，所以是"One good turn deserves another."
77【答案】C
【解析】从熊走了之后朋友的说话中可以看出，不要与一个危急关头会丢下你的人做朋友，也就是"Misfortune tests the sincerity of friends."
78【答案】A
【解析】猴子本来穿上了衣服带上面罩之后是有模有样的表演者，但是因为几颗花生就马上暴露了本性，所以看事情是不可以看表面的。
79【答案】F
【解析】从公鸡的最后一句可知，对人来说，珍珠是宝贝，但对公鸡来说，他更喜欢玉米粒。
80【答案】E
【解析】一捆棒子掰不断，一根棒子轻易就能被掰断。老人临终的叮嘱是说团结就是力量。
〈2〉
阅读下面应用文和相关信息，并按照要求匹配信息。
A.
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
以下是有旅行者住宿意向的来信。请匹配旅行者的住宿意向与它们对应宾馆或旅店信息。
76. Sept. 20, 2009
Dear Madam,
My husband and I want to take our four kids and a dog with us on holiday, and we are now trying to find the hotel which allows animals staying with the owners and some discount for children. I wonder if your hotel offers such services. Here is my address:
Independence Ave at 6th St SW?Washington, DC 20560
Yours sincerely,
Jane Turner
77. 100 Aquarium Way
Long Beach, CA, 90802
Nov. 8, 2009
Dear Sir or Madam,
I‘d like to give my fiancee a big surprise to find a peaceful cottage inn so that we can spend a comfortable weekend without being disturbed by anyone. We just want to have romance together, and take walks with our pet dog or go for a drink at night. We‘ll follow any of your requirements if you have the services we need.
Truly yours,
Paul Smith
78. Sept. 26, 2009
Dear Sir,
My wife and I are both retired form our working posts. We are longing to take a holiday in a quiet seaside country to relax ourselves and enjoy the sights of nature, walking along the beach or going fishing in the bay together. I hope to book a double room in advance. Please give me a reply as soon as possible. Here is my address:
Jefferson Drive at 12th Street SW, 95216
Sincerely,
Charlie Green
79. Dec. 20, 2009
Dear Madam,
My family is planning to go on a holiday together before Christmas, and we are looking in your town for a hotel with marvelous sea view, nice furniture and good utensils. Please send me your reply to the following address:
401 N. Carson Street?Carson City NV 89701
Faithfully yours,
I. W. Nelson
80. 326 Glenneyre Street
Laguna Beech CA 96182
Jan. 2, 2010
Dear Sir or Madam,
We are glad to be offered a chance to go and do some explorations in the countryside nearby your town. At night, we‘d like to have a good swim in the hotel pool and relax. It‘d be wonderful if some other relaxation items are provided. Your reply can be sent to us at your earliest convenience.
Truly yours,
D. Pounds
76【答案】B。
【解析】答案由“Children (reductions) and pets welcome”与“take our four kids and a dog with us on holiday…find the hotel which allows animals staying with the owners and some discount for children”所决定。
77【答案】E。
【解析】答案由“Peaceful, cozy, convenient …Adults only and pets welcome”与“spend a comfortable weekend without being disturbed …take walks with our pet dog” 所决定。
78【答案】A。
【解析】答案由in an uncommercialized fishing village…a relaxing holiday where the scenery is breathtaking与to take a holiday in a quiet seaside country to relax ourselves and enjoy the sights of nature, walking along the beach or going fishing in the bay together 所决定。
79【答案】D。
【解析】答案由Romantic 17th Century farmer’s cottage in countryside with splendid coastal views. Well equipped. Garden with furniture.与a hotel with marvelous sea view, nice furniture and good utensils所决定。
80【答案】F。
【解析】答案由Relax, walk, sail, play golf, explore the Norfolk villages, countryside and coast. Special seasonal midweek price for aged citizens与do some explorations in the countryside nearby your town. …have a good swim in the hotel pool and relax. It’d be wonderful if some other relaxation items are provided所决定。
〈3〉【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【信息匹配】
下面是关于旅游胜地的介绍。
A. Manila is one of the Philippine‘s oldest cities, and glimpses of cultures past and present blend together to give you an experience which is sometimes gritty, sometimes pleasant, but unmistakably authentic. Here you can enjoy seeing Authentic colonial churches which withstands the test of time.
B. Dumaguete is the ―city of gentle people.‖ It is where you can still find tree-lined streets, with motorcycles, not cars and taxis, dominating the road. Everything about it is simple and serene from its people to the various places surrounding the city. It is located in Negros Oriental, opposite Bacolod City. A University town where you can see more students than working professionals, Dumaguete is among the most peaceful and clean cities in the Visayas.
C. One the finest things about Samal Island is that there is more to it than just great beaches. You can go spelunking, you can go island hopping, or join in the fun during its festivals. Yes, it has a lot of celebrations. So, when you go to Samal, there is no way you can be bored because there is simply so much you can do! Just because it is Samal. Being one of the top tourist destinations in the country and boasting of sparkling waters, white sand beaches who could resist?
D. One thing that we will probably never forget in Misamis Oriental was how delicious the Durian in the province is. Make sure you grab one while you are in Misamis Oriental. We also tried the spicy chicken dish called Halang-halang in Balingoan.Halang-halang is basically a chicken dish cooked in coconut milk, and chili. The word halang-halang is literally a Visayan word that means ―spicy-spicy‖.
E. The gorgeous and breathtaking Mapawa Nature Park, one of the successful stories of how people, livelihood, environment and tourism work well together. We were taken on a hay ride around the sprawling properties which include heavily forested mountains, with waterfalls and rivers buried in its canopy of lush and verdant foliage. F. Boracay is famous for its long white sandy beaches, and is also a popular outlet for water sports activities such as scuba diving, snorkeling, sailing etc. Other than the sandy beaches, Boracay is well known for the nightlife and party scene. There are numerous bars and clubs along the whole stretch of beach, mostly located at station 2 of Boracay.
请阅读下面五个人的相关信息，然后为他们选择适合个人的旅游胜地。
56. Amy is fond of the sea and every year she will go to an island to enjoy the beautiful beach and to experience the customs of the local.
57. Tom likes to know everything related to history. And he is eager to know the cultures of a new place.
58.Kitty just wants slow-paced life－something she can hardly experience when she is in the busy city. When she is free, she just wants to escape from the hustle and bustle of busy streets and fast-paced living and enjoy the quietness, just a walk in a quiet town will satisfy her.
59. David is a lawyer .He is always busy and under stress. He is seldom free but on holidays he usually will try different adventurous sports from white water rafting and jet boat rides to bungee－jumping and skydiving. In this way, he releases his stress. And drinking with friends is his favorite.
60. Venus is a good cook and she is interested in different flavors in different places. Wherever she travels, she will try the local food. And if she likes it, she will try to cook the same thing when she is back.
56【答案】C
【解析】从enjoy the beautiful beach and to experience the customs of the local中可得知great beaches. join in the fun during its festivals. Yes, it has a lot of celebrations.会符合她的口味。
57【答案】A
【解析】history. cultures与glimpses of cultures past and present blend together相对应。
58【答案】B
【解析】slow-paced life enjoy the quietness 与city of gentle people. among the most peaceful and clean cities相对应。
59【答案】F
【解析】try different adventurous sports / drinking with friends is his favourite与.a popular outlet for water sports activities such as scuba diving, snorkeling, sailing etc.相对应。
60【答案】D
【解析】interested in different flavours in different places.与how delicious the Durian is spicy chicken dish called Halang-halang相对应。
高考频考点24. 任务型阅读
（一）【安徽省2010届高三两地三校3月联考试题】
At the beginning of the twentieth century, many people thought that the American family was falling apart. A century later, we know that this was not the case. However, although the family is still alive in the United States, its size and shape were very different 100 years ago.
In the late 1800s and early 1900s, there were mainly two types of families in the United States: the extended and the nuclear. The extended family usually includes grandparents, parents, and children living under the same roof. The nuclear family consists of only parents and children.
Today there are many different kinds of families. Some people live in ―traditional‖ families, that is, a stay-home mother, a working father, and their own biological children. Others live in two-paycheck families, single-parent families, adoptive or foster, families, blended families (where men and women who were married before
marry again and combine the children from previous marriages into the new families），child less families, and so on.
What caused the structure of the family to change? In the early 1900s the birthrate began to fall and the divorce rate began to rise. Women were suddenly choosing to go to college and take jobs outside the home. In the 1930s and 1940s, many families faced serious financial, or money problems during the Great Depression, when many people lost their jobs. During World War II（1939-1945)，5 million
women were left alone to take care of their homes and their children. Because many men were at war, thousands of these "war widows" had to go to work outside their home.
During the next ten years, the situation changed. There were fewer divorces, and people married at a younger age and had more children than the previous
generation. It was unusual for a mother to work outside the home during the years when her children were growing tip. Families began leaving cities and moving into single-family homes in the suburbs. The traditional family seemed to be returning. In the years between 1960s and 1990s, there were many important changes in the structure of the family. From the 1960s to the early 1970s, the divorce rate doubled and the birthrate fell by half. The number of single-parent families tripled, and the number of couples living together without being married doubled again. In fact, the single-parent household, once unusual, has replaced the "traditional" family as the typical family in the States. If we can judge from history, however, this will probably change again in the twenty-first century.
The Changes of the American Family
Main comparisons Contexts
Different___1____ There were two __2___ types of families in the past, ___3____, the extended and the nuclear.
Nowadays __4___types of families can be seen than before.
Changes in different ___5_____. In the 1900s and 1940s Many of the women had to work outside due to the __6___of money., thus causing the fall of __7__and the rise of divorce rate.
In the 1950s Divorce rate slided and there were more children . The families tended to be ___8___ again.
In the years between 1960s and 1990s Different types of familes__9____. Traditional families are no longer the typical ones in America.
A trend worth noting
Author‘s opinion on changes The present structure is ___10____; it will experience changes again in the near future.
1. kinds/ types 2. main 3. namely 4. more 5.periods 6. lack 7. birthrate
8. fewer 9. occurred 10. temporary
（二）【安徽省“江南十校”2010届高三3月联考试题】
The family sphere(范围) used to be defined by its isolation from the public realm. There was the public male realm（领域）of "rational accomplishment" and cruel competition, and the private female and child-rearing sphere of home, intuition（直觉）and emotion. The private realm was supposed to be isolated from the realities of adult life. For both better and worse, television and other electronic media tend to break down the difference between those two worlds. The membrane around the family sphere is much more permeable(可渗透的). TV takes public events and
transforms them into dramas that are played out in the privacy of our living rooms, kitchens and bedrooms.
Parents used to be the channel through which children learned about the outside world. They could decide what to tell their children and when to tell it to them. Since children learn to read in stages, books provide a kind of natural screening process, where adults can decide what to tell and not tell children of different reading abilities. Television destroyed the system that separated adult from child knowledge and separated information into year-by-year slices for children of different ages. Instead, it presents the same information directly to children of all ages, without going through adult filters.
So television presents a real challenge to adults. While a parent can read a newspaper without sharing it with children in the same room, television is accessible to everyone in that space. And unlike books, television doesn't allow us to flip（翻转）through it and see what's coming up. We may think we're giving our children a lesson in science by having them watch the Challenger take off, and then suddenly they learn about death, disaster and adult mistakes.
Books allow adults to discuss privately what to tell or not tell children. This also allows parents to keep adult material secret from children and keep their secret keeping secret. Take that same material and put it on The Today Show and you have 800,000 children hearing the very things the adults are trying to keep from them. "Television takes our kids across the globe before parents give them permission to cross the street."
More importantly, children gradually learn that adults are worried and anxious about being parents. Actually, television has also places families under a lot of stress. How Television Changes Childhood?
Main comparisons Contexts
Distance between ___1__and the outside. Homes used to be isolated from the ___2___realm.
Homes nowadays are __3__to the outside world.
Media through which children can obtain information In the past, children might learn __4__about the outside world with the help of parents and ___5___. More information is got directly through TV and other electronic media, which breaks down the __6___ between adult world and the child world.
_____7___ of the information children get Traditionally, kids could only knew what they should learn at their age, carefully___8___by their parents.
Everything can possibly be known by children, including many aspects of _____ life.
Effects on family education
Parental instruction Families are now under greater stress than before. Adults are anxious about being parents and faced with new __10_____.
1. Homes 2. public 3.connected 4.indirectly 5.books 6.difference 7. Content 8. decided/ chosen 9.adult 10. challenges
（三）【安徽省安庆市示范高中2010届高三四校元旦联考英语试题】
Some people believe that greed and selfishness has become the basis of modern society, and we should return to the old traditions of family and community then we will have a better life. To what extent do you agree or disagree with the above opinion?
In this fast-paced world, many values are undergoing major changes. While people traditionally prioritize caring, sharing and generosity in life and work, modern people seem to be more self-absorbed and self-concerned.
Modern people act selfishly to survive the harsh competition of life. They say that it is a jungle out there. To survive, you have to fight with whatever means that come handy. Obviously greedy and selfishness go perfectly well with such ideas. In a company, employees do everything they can to get better pay and higher position, even at the cost of colleagues. We are in any way advocating any selfish conduct. It is just that people are pressured to act in a certain way due to outside influences. In spite of common practice, it is hard to conclude that modern society is built on greed and selfishness, both of which are not newly invented vocabulary. In ancient times people also did greedy and selfish things though such behaviors were more condemned then. But we can not ignore the fact that people in the past lived a relatively more isolated life and faced less pressure compared with their modern counterparts.
Are we happier to share with others and be generous to them? There is no fixed answer either. Some people take great pleasure helping and giving to others while others feel happy doing the opposite. But I personally think that people should not be too selfish. Caring for others can actually encourage the development of a mutually beneficial relationship.
In conclusion, modern people appear to be more self-centered than those in the past due to strong outside pressure. However, we should encourage people to know the importance of being caring and generous and to build a mutually beneficial relationship with others.
Are Modern People Becoming More Selfish?
Main comparisons Contexts
__1__ are changing In the past people put caring, sharing and generosity in the first ____2____.
Nowadays, people seem to be more ____3____about themselves.
People in the past appeared to be modest and self-___4___are changing too.
effacing(谦让的).
People may strive to achieve their own __5___ at the price of their coworkers. The author‘s understanding
___6____ for the changes in author‘s eyes Fierce __7___ and great __8___on modern people may be responsible for the changes.
The author‘s ___9____towards topic A relationship which can ___10___ two sides should be established.
1.Values 2. place 3. concerned 4. Behaviors 5. goals 6. Reasons 7. competition 8. pressure 9. attitudes 10. benefit
（四）【福建省龙岩市三校2010届高三上学期期末联考】
Traditionally, customers may consider more about what they buy the product for. However, the image of product and the consuming circumstance have become the key points to attract customer awareness and stimulate their buying needs. Frequently, customers buy goods just because they are cute, lovely and unique. With a less emphasis on functional utilities, the experience and imaginative space are placed into an increasingly important role. The image of product is emphasized, as well as the communication between products and consumers. ―Customer behavior, which appears to be focused and directed at the object and at pleasure, in fact responds to quite different objectives: displaced expression of desire, and the production of a code of social values through the use of differential signs‖(Baudrillard) . The reason for image-oriented customer behavior is probably that customers‘ lifestyle has been continuously virtualized by paying much attention to ―Virtual Reality‖. The evidences can be traced from computer games and Hollywood movies, in which customers‘ preference for fleeing reality is perfectly matched.
This change requires us to take efforts to enhance product image by integrating style, color, taste, shape and material, and communicate with customers creatively, imaginatively and innovatively, and enable them to enjoy the distinctive experience image brings. ―[A] need is not a need for a particular object as much as it is a ?need‘ for difference‖ ( Baudrillard). The typical example is Apple Computer‘s IMAC, which has strong visual impact and outstanding dynamics. By this way, customer relationship can be set up through image, and brand can be treated as living that can transform people. Other examples commonly used are Disney Fairyland and Las Vegas, where new experience and imagination are fully demonstrated. In sum, consumption is negotiation, a never-ending conversation held in the languages of advertising, packaging, branding, fashion, and entertainment.
More Attention to the Image of Product
Main comparisons Contexts
Different aspects ____1____about by people when they are shopping. In the past, people think more about the __2__of the goods.
People today are more easily ___3____by the ___4___ of product and the buying atmosphere.
Different ____5__ to promote sales Traditionally, producers may focus more on the functional utilities of goods.
Nowadays, product image should be __6___and there should be more effective ___7____with customers.
More details worth noticing
The___8___ for image-centered behavior Influenced by computer games and Hollywood movies, people‘s ___9____is virtualized.
___10_____are given to prove the importance of image Disney Fairyland/ Las Vegas
1.concerned/ cared 2. use/ function 3. attracted 4.image 5. ways 6. stressed 7.communication 8. reason 9. lifestyle 10. Examples
（五）【广东三校（汕头金中、佛山一中、广雅中学）2010届高三二月联考试题】
A listener has written from China for advice about how to lose weight. Michael in Shanghai says he is 26 and has battled obesity for most of his life.
Obesity , a severe weight problem, is a complex condition. A doctor may advise taking medicine along with changing one‘s behaviors. Experts say that the most successful weight—loss plans include a well-balanced diet and exercise.
People who want to avoid weight gain have to balance the number of calories they eat with the number of calories they use. To lose weight, you can reduce the number of calories you take in, increase the number you use, or both.
A recent study looked at four of the most popular dieting plans in the US. Researchers at Stanford University in California studied over 300 overweight women, Apple Computer‘s IMAC/
mostly in their thirties and forties. Each woman went on one of the four plans: Atkins, The Zone, Ornish or LEARN. The women attended diet classes and received written information about the food plans.
At the end of the year, the women on the Atkins diet had lost the most, more than four and one-half kilograms on average. They also did better on tests for cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Christopher Gardner, who led the study, says the Atkins diet may be more successful because of its simple message to eat less sugar. He also says that the advice to increase protein in the diet leads to more satisfying meals. He says that there was not enough money to study men, but that men would probably have similar results.
Last week, another report based on thirty-one studies suggested that only a small minority of people have long-term success with dieting. Most dieters regained their lost weight within five years and often they become more overweight. But those who kept the weight off generally were the ones who exercised.
Title: 1.___________to lose weight
Doctors’ advice
Experts’ 3._________ plans ●a well-balanced diet : 4.________less energy than needed , increase the number you use, or both.
●5._________
Four of the most popular dieting plans in the US
usual and 6.________ protein in the diet
●The Zone
●7.________
●LEARN.
From 8.__________ ●have long-term success with dieting, otherwise most dieters will 9._____their lost weight
●exercise is more important than dieting for 10.______
Key: 1. Proper ways 2. changing one‘s behaviors 3. weight-loss 4. take in 5. exercise
6. increase 7. Ornish 8. another report 9. regain 10. losing weight
（六）【广东省深圳市2010届高三五校联考试题】 ●Atkins: eat less sugar than ●:take medicine along with 2._____________
We find that bright children are rarely held back by mixed-ability teaching. On the contrary, both their knowledge and experience are enriched. We feel that there are many disadvantages in streaming (把…按能力分班)pupils. It does not take into
account the fact that children develop at different rates. It can have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child. After all, it can be quite discouraging to be at the bottom of the top grade! Besides, it is rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability. This is only one aspect for their total personality. We are concerned to develop the abilities of all our pupils to the full, not just their academic ability. We also value personal qualities and social skills, and we find that mixed-ability teaching contributes to all these aspects of learning.
In our classrooms, we work in various ways. The pupils often work in groups: this gives them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop leadership skills. They also learn how to cope with personal problems as well as learning how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate effectively. The pupils learn from each other as well as from the teacher.
Sometimes the pupils work in pairs; sometimes they work on individual tasks and assignments, and they can do this at their own speed. They also have some formal class teaching when this is appropriate. We encourage our pupils to use the library, and we teach them the skills they need in order to do this efficiently. An advanced pupil can do advanced work: it does not matter what age the child is. We expect our pupils to do their best, not their least, and we give them every encouragement to attain this goal.
Develop the abilities of pupils:
●develop their full abilities, not their 1. ___________
●value personal qualities
●2.__________
pupils-streamed teaching (disadvantages) 3._____________ teaching (advantages) ● not 4.________ the fact that children develop at different rates
● have a bad effect on both the bright and the not-so-bright child
● 5.________ the pupils who are at the bottom of the top grade
● rather unreal to grade people just according to their intellectual ability ● only one aspect for pupils’ total personality
● 6._________ pupils’ full abilities.
● give them the opportunity to learn to cooperate, to share, and to develop 7. ________
● learn how to cope with 8.________
● learn how to think, to make decisions, to analyze and evaluate, and to communicate 9.__________.
●The pupils learn from each other 10.______ from the teacher.
● They can do this at their own speed
Keys: 1. academic ability 2. social skills 3. mixed-ability 4. take into account 5. discourage
6. contribute to 7. leadership skills 8. personal problems 9. effectively 10. as well as
（七）【湖南省八校2010届高三上学期第三次联考】
There are two basic ways to see growth: one as a product, the other as a process. People have generally viewed personal growth as an external (外在的) result or a product that can easily be identified and measured．The worker who gets a rise, the student whose grades improve, the foreigner who learns a new language—all these examples of people who have measurable results to show for their efforts． By contrast (对照) , the process of personal growth is much more difficult to
determine, since it is a journey and not the specific signposts or landmarks along the way．The process is not the road itself, but the attitudes, feelings people have , and their caution or courage, as they meet with new experiences and unexpected difficulties．In this process, the journey never really ends；there are always new ways to experience the world, new ideas to try, new challenges to accept．
In order to grow, to travel new roads, people need to have a willingness to take risks, to face the unknown, and to accept the possibility that they may “fail” at
first．How we see ourselves as we try a new way of being is necessary for our ability to grow．Do we see ourselves as quick and curious? If so, we tend to take more chances and be more open to unfamiliar experiences．Do we think we’re shy and indecisive? Then our sense of fear can cause us to hesitate, to move slowly, and we think we are slow to adapt (适应) change or that we’re not smart enough to deal
with a new challenge．Then we are likely to take a more passive role or not try at all．
These feelings of insecurity (不安全) and self-doubt are both unavoidable and
necessary if we are to change and grow．If we protect ourselves too much, then we stop growing．We become trapped inside a shell of our own making．
Title 1.________—Product or Process
Product:
easily identified and 2.______
●The workers4 .________
●The students improve 5._________
●The foreigners learns new languages
Process:
●3.___________ to determine
●never really ends
●6.____________
●experience the world7._____________
●try new ideas
●accept 8.__________
●a willingness to 9.________
●face the unknown
●accept the possibility that they may “fail”
●tend to take more chances and be more open to 10.___________
Keys: 1. Growth 2. measured 3. much more difficult 4. get a rise 5. their grades 6. caution or courage 7. in new ways 8. new challenges 9. take risks
10. unfamiliar experiences
（八）【江苏省三所重点高中2010届高三3月份联考】 ●the attitudes, feelings people have
Without most people realizing it, there has been a revolution in office work over the
last ten years. Before that time, large computers were only used by large, rich companies that could afford the investment. With the advancement of technology, small computers have come onto the market, which are capable of doing the work that used to be done by much larger and expensive computers, so now most smaller companies can use them
The main development in small computers has been in the field of word
processors (处理器) , or WPS as they are often called. 40% of British offices are now
estimated to have a word processor and this percentage is growing fast.
There are many advantages in using a word processor for both secretary and manager. The secretary is freed from a lot of daily work, such as re-typing letters and storing papers. He or she can use this time to do other more interesting work for
the boss. From a manager‘s point of view, secretarial time is being made better use of and money can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours.
But is it all good? If a lot of daily secretarial work can be done automatically, surely this will mean that fewer secretaries will be needed. Another worry is the
increasing medical problems related to work with visual display units (显示器). The
case of a slow loss of sight among people using word processors seems to have risen greatly. It is also feared that if a woman works at a VDU for long hours, the unborn child in her body might be killed. Safety screens to put over a VDU have been invented but few companies in England bother to buy them. Whatever the arguments for and against word processor, they are a key feature
(特征) of this revolution in office practice.
small computers:
▲1._______ larger and expensive computers
▲2._________can use them
▲Small computers has been 3._________in the field of word processors , or WPS
advantages 4.________
▲The secretary :
●freed from a lot of 5._________
●do other more interesting work for the boss
▲6.___________
●secretarial time can be made better use of
●7._______ can be saved by doing daily jobs automatically outside office hours. ▲8. __________ will lost their jobs.
▲medical problems related to work with visual display units
●Many people 9_________slowly
●The unborn child in its mother’s body 10.___________
Keys: 1. replace 2. most smaller companies 3.improved 4.disadvantages 5.daily work
6. The boss/manager 7.money 8. secretaries 9. lose sight 10.might be killed
（九）【浙江省温州市五校联考2010届高三上学期期末试题】
If you and your friends wish to share a secret, you can write it in code, and no one else will be able to read it. Codes are one way of writing in secrets. Ciphers(暗码) are another. In the code each word is written as a secret code or word number. In a cipher each letter is changed.
Codes and ciphers have played an important role in the history of the word. Julius Caesar, the Roman ruler who defeated almost all the countries in Europe about 2000years ago, used a cipher when he sent secret messages to his troops. During American Revolution, George Washington’s spies used a kind of code to send him information about the enemy before his military（军事的） action. In World War 2,the American “broke”, or figured out, Japan’s most important navy codes and got enough information to destroy a powerful Japanese fleet（舰队）。
Storekeepers use codes to mark their goods. The codes show how much was paid for the goods or when they were added to the stock. Businessman use codes to hide plans from their business enemies. Sometimes personal letters or diaries are written in code. Many people enjoy figuring out codes and ciphers simply as a hobby. In the 16th century, codes and ciphers were very popular among scientists. They wrote messages to each other in code so that no one else would learn their secrets. Geronimo Gardano, an Italian astrologer（星相家）,mathematician, and doctor, invented the trellis ciphers. He took two sheets of paper and cut exactly the same holes in each one. Then he sent one sheet, which he called a trellis, to a friend and kept the other for himself. Whenever he wanted to write a message, he put his trellis, over the clean sheet of paper and wrote the secret message through the holes. Then he removed the trellis and filed the rest of the paper with words that would make sense. When his friends received it, He put his trellis over the writing and read the secret message.
Title 71.
Aspects In wars 72. In science circle
Means Using codes and ciphers Using codes Cutting holes in two exact pieces of paper and writing the message 73
Covering the trellis over the writing received to get
74.
75. To 76. to troops To know about business situations To 79. to themselves
To make the military leaders
78. 77. of the situation of the war
from opponents
Results 80. enemies Achieving business goals Sharing secrets messages
71. Codes and ciphers 72.In business (world or circle) 73. through the holes
74. meaningful (useful) information/messages 75. Purposes/Aims
76. send secret messages/information 77. informed/know/learn/aware/conscious
78.To hide plans/information/messages 79.keep secrets 80. Defeating
（十）【江西省六所重点中学2010届高三第二次联考--英语】
A listener has written from China for advice about how to lose weight. Michael in Shanghai says he is 26 and has battled obesity for most of his life.
Obesity , a severe weight problem, is a complex condition. A doctor may advise taking medicine along with changing one‘s behaviors. Experts say that the most successful weight—loss plans include a well-balanced diet and exercise.
People who want to avoid weight gain have to balance the number of calories they eat with the number of calories they use. To lose weight, you can reduce the number of calories you take in, increase the number you use, or both.
A recent study looked at four of the most popular dieting plans in the US. Researchers at Stanford University in California studied over 300 overweight women, mostly in their thirties and forties. Each woman went on one of the four plans: Atkins, The Zone, Ornish or LEARN. The women attended diet classes and received written information about the food plans.
At the end of the year, the women on the Atkins diet had lost the most, more than four and one-half kilograms on average. They also did better on tests for cholesterol levels and blood pressure.
Christopher Gardner, who led the study, says the Atkins diet may be more
successful because of its simple message to eat less sugar. He also says that the advice to increase protein in the diet leads to more satisfying meals. He says that there was not enough money to study men, but that men would probably have similar results.
Last week, another report based on thirty-one studies suggested that only a small minority of people have long-term success with dieting. Most dieters regained their lost weight within five years and often they become more overweight. But those who kept the weight off generally were the ones who exercised.
Title: 1.___________to lose weight
Doctors’ advice
Experts’ 3._________ plans ●a well-balanced diet : 4.________less energy than needed , increase the number you use, or both.
●5._________
Four of the most popular dieting plans in the US
usual and 6.________ protein in the diet
●The Zone
●7.________
●LEARN.
From 8.__________ ●have long-term success with dieting, otherwise most dieters will 9._____their lost weight
●exercise is more important than dieting for 10.______
Key: 1. Proper ways 2. changing one‘s behaviors 3. weight-loss 4. take in 5. exercise
6. increase 7. Ornish 8. another report 9. regain 10. losing weight
高考频考点25. 单词拼写
一、单词拼写：
根据下列句子及所给汉字注释，在句子右边的横线上，写出空缺处单词的正确形式。（每空只写一词）【山西乡宁万杰学校高三第四次月考试题】
1. Chinese history is filled with great _______(成就) in science and
technology1.____________ ●Atkins: eat less sugar than ●:take medicine along with 2._____________
2 . I’d like to write him a letter, but I don’t know his _______(地址).2.
____________
3. At that time in the southern states, blacks were not treated as equal
__________(公民) in the USA. 3.___________
4 . Annie Sullivan was a lively young woman with __________(耐心)and imagination. 4 .___________
5. Officers can’t work properly without certain important pieces of ___________ (仪器) . 5. ____________
6. Modern _________ (体操) began in the nineteenth century. 6. ____________ 7 I think reading English newspaper is a good way of ______(改进)your English. 7. ____________
8 To be a ___________ (侦探) seemed like to a hero to me. 8.____________
9. Antonio was a __________(商人) of Venice who was liked by everyone.9. _____________
10. At the end of the nineteenth century, foreign ___________( 侵略者 ) destroyed Yuanmingyuan. 10._________
Keys: 1. achievements2. address 3. citizens4. patience 5. equipment
6. gymnastics7. improving 8. detective 9.merchant10.invaders.
二、单词拼写：【河北省石家庄市2010届高三复习教学质检】
1．Mike’s family used to live in a __________(欧洲的) country.1.____________
2. Take the __________ (伞) with you, Tom. It’s raining outside.
2.____________
3. She was __________(满意的) with her birthday presents from her friends.
3.____________
4. They met with a traffic accident during the ride. ________(幸运地) nobody was injured.4.____________
5. It was too noisy. He had to _________(抬高)his voice when speaking.
5.____________
6. The nurse took the boys temperatureto see if he had a __________(高烧).
6.____________
7. In the school l__________, I found lots of books I was interested in.
7.____________
8. To his d____________, his daughter won the first prize in the competition. 8.____________
9. Talking of his father‘s death, she kept on w___________ her eyes with a handkerchief. 9.____________
10.While watching the game, the football fans often make a sign with fingers which means v__________.
keys:1.European2.umbrella 3.satisfied 4.Fortunately5.raise
6.fever7.library 8.delight9.wiping 10. victory
三、单词拼写：【山西省忻州市2010届高三上学期第一次质检会考试题】
1. I like English best, what is your f__________ subject? 1.____________
2. If you knock into somebody, you should a__________ to him. 2.____________
3. Please speak as loud as you can to make yourself u__________.3.____________
4. ---This problem is not difficult.--- But that one is even e__________.4.____________
5. I think you can sit on this newly bought chair very c__________. 5.____________
6. A great celebration was held on his _________(50岁)birthday. 6. ____________
7. The assistant is very friendly to all the __________(顾客). 7.____________
8. When I came to the riverside, I found a boy __________(挣扎) in the water.
8.____________
9. The students in our school study very hard, ___________(尤其) those in our class.9.____________
10.He dived into the water, leaving only his face _________(裸露)10.____________ Keys: 1. favorite2.apologize3. understood4. easier5. comfortable
6. fiftieth 7. customers 8 struggling 9. .especially 10.exposed
四、单词拼写：【甘肃省兰州交大东方中学2010届高三3月月考】
1. Don’t be frightened by the television camera, Just speak _________.(自然地)
1.____________
2. All countries, big or small, should be __________(平等).2.____________
3. He didn’t __________(认出)me at first when we met in the street of London.
3.____________
4. The boy spoke in a very low voice, ________(承认) he had broken the glass.
4.____________
5. They quarreled once, but they were quite ___________(友好) now.
5.____________
6. We were e__________ to know where she had gone. 6.____________
7. The colleges and universities were only for men, and women were not p________ to attend.7.____________
8. Train services are now back to n___________ after last week‘s strike.8.____________
9. The fish smells; I don‘t think it is quite f__________. 9.____________
10.Tom is preparing for an exam. Don‘t d __________him.10.____________ Keys: 1.naturally2.equal3.recognize4.admitting 5. friendly
6.eager 7.permitted 8.normal9.fresh 10..disturb
高考频考点26. 短文改错
〈1〉
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同学写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。 增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号 (∧), 并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线 ( \ ) 划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Never should I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu. On that day, when she entered the classroom, we found out that she was a young and beautiful lady. Then she introduced her and said we shouldn‘t call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu. Late, she let us go to the blackboard and say something about ourselves in English on turn. When it was my turn, I felt so shy that I don‘t dare to say anything before the class. She went up to me and said kind, ―Don‘t be afraid. I believe you can do well.‖ At last, I went to the blackboard. She praised me for that I had done.
【答案】
Never should I forget the first English lesson giving by Miss Liu. On that day, when she
shall given
entered the classroom, we found out that she was a young and beautiful lady. Then she
introduced her and said we shouldn‘t call her Teacher Liu but Miss Liu. Late, she let us go
herself Later
to the blackboard and say something about ourselves in English on turn. When it was my
in
turn, I felt so shy that I don‘t dare to say anything before the class. She went up to me and
didn‘t
said kind, “Don’t be afraid. I believe you can do ∧ well.” At last, I went to the blackboard.
kindly it
She praised me for that I had done.
What
（2）【河南省许昌市2010届高三上期期末教学质量评估试卷】
I‘m writing to thank you to your valuable advice. 76. _________
I met some difficult problems in my English learning. 77. _________ For example, I remembered many English words, and I 78. _________ couldn‘t express myself. You tell me that I should use 79. _________ the words that I remembered so often as possible and 80. _________ above all, I shouldn‘t afraid of making mistakes. Since 81. _________ then, I‘ve always done as you said. Follow your tips, 82. _________ I‘ve made a great progress. Now, I like English studying 83. _________ very much. I can express my ideas free and my English 84. _________ has been improved. I feel better as before. 85. _________
短文改错：76．to—for 77．正确 78．and—but 79．tell—told 80．so—as
81．afraid—be 82．Follow—Following 83．去a 84．free—freely 85．as—than
（3）【河南省焦作市部分学校2010届高三上学期期末调研】
One morning, I with mother go to the People‘s Hospital in 76. _______ Henan because she had caught bad cold. While we were sitting 77. _______ in the waiting room, some people smoked. The smell was
very strong that I found it hard to breathe. We couldn‘t ask _______
all of them to stop smoking, so we had to go to other
room. And the situation there was worse. Why do so many _______
people smoke in public place? The sign ―Smoking is harmful _______ 78. _______ 79. 80. _______ 82.
83. 81. for health.‖ is printed on cigarette packets to remind smokers that _______
smoking not only harms them but the people around us . _______ 84.
85. So we should take action to reducing some of smoking‘s bad effects. _______
76．go→ went 77．caught与 bad 之间加a 78．√ 79．very→ so 80．other→ another
81．And→But 82．place →places 83．for→to 84．us→ them
85．reducing→reduce
（4）【重庆市西南师大附中2010届高三第五次月考】
Everyone can do anything for our environment. For me, 76．
77． I should tried to save electricity in our daily life. For example,
if I am the last person leave the classroom in the evening, 78． I would always remember to turn off the lights. In order to 79． protect our forests, I will use paper wise. I should try 80． to use both side of paper whenever it is possible. I will 81．
ride a bike to school instead of went in a private car, 82．
83． because bikes do not pollute the air. I believe that by doing all
these small things will improve our environment but help 84． make our world the much better place to live in. 85． 76【答案】anything改为something。
【解析】该句子属于肯定句应该用something。
77【答案】tried→try。
【解析】情态动词后用动词原形。
78【答案】 leave 前加to。
【解析】非谓语动词的错误。这里用不定式做定语修饰the last person .
79【答案】 would- will。
【解析】动词短语的错误。语境表示把灯关掉而不是打开，因此用turn on。 80【答案】 wise→wisely。
【解析】副词的错误。用 而不是形容词做状语表示方式。
81【答案】 side—sides.
【解析】名词单复数的 错误。 Both 后用 复数名词。
82【答案】 went-- going。
【解析】介词后用动名词。
83【答案】by删除。
【解析】从句子结构看，这里的v.-ing结构做句子主语，应该将介词删除。 84【答案】 but→and
【解析】连词的错误。这里表示顺接和递进关系，用连词and而不是but。 85【答案】 the→a。
【解析】冠词的错误。这里表示“一个更好的地方”，用a better place而不是“那个更好的地方”；注意后面的place to live是正确的，可以将掉尾介词in省略。
（5）【云南省玉溪一中2010届高三下学期第一次模拟考试】
A married couple were in a car while the wife turned to 76．__________ her husband and asked, “Would you like to stop for coffee?” “No,
77．__________
thanks．” he answered truthfully．But they didn’t stop．However,
78．__________
the wife, who has indeed wanted to stop, became angry, because
79．_________
she felt her preference had not considered．The husband, seeing that
80．_________
his wife was angry, became frustrated．Why didn’t she just say that
81．_________
she wanted? Unfortunately, he failed in to see that his wife was 82．_________ asking the question, in order not to get an immediately decision, 83．_________ but rather to begin discussion．And the women didn’t realize that
84．_________
when her husband said no, he was just express his preference, not
85．_________
76【答案】while → when。
【解析】连词的错误。从语境看，这里用when引导状语从句表示“就在这时，这时突然。”
77【答案】√
【解析】
78【答案】But → So。
【解析】连词的错误。语境表示顺接的关系，用so：于是他们就没停车。 79【答案】has → had。
【解析】时态的错误。这里叙述过去的事情，用过去完成时。
80【答案】not后加been。
【解析】语态的错误。这里显然应该用被动语态表示被考虑。
81【答案】that→what
【解析】。连词的错误。这里连词引导宾语从句并在从句中做want的宾语，用what。 82【答案】去掉in。
【解析】动词搭配的错误。fail直接接不定式做宾语。
83【答案】immediately→ immediate。
【解析】词类的错误。用形容词而不是副词作定语。
84【答案】women→woman。
【解析】名词的数的错误。这里应该用单数名词与语境保持一致。
85【答案】express→expressing。
【解析】非谓语动词的错误。用过去进行时的was doing表示当时发生的动
（6）【云南省昆明一中2010届高三下学期第三次模拟考试】
Mr. and Mrs. Taylor had the seven-year-old boy naming Pat. Now Mrs. Taylor was expecting other child.Pat had seen babies in other people's houses and had not liked them very much, so he was not delighted about the news there was soon going to be one in his house too.One evening Mr. and Mrs. Taylor were made plans for the baby's arrival. "This house won't big enough for use all when the baby comes," said Mr. Taylor. Pat came into the room just then said, "What are you talking ?""We were saying that we'll have to move another house now, so the new baby's coming," his mother answered."It's no good," said Pat hopelessly, "He'll follow us there."
1【答案】第一行：the改为a naming改为named
【解析】第一次提到；此处属于被动结构。
2【答案】第二行：other改为another
【解析】根据语境可知译文：现在泰勒太太正怀着第二胎。Another“另一个”之意。 3【答案】第三行：news后加that
【解析】名词性从句的引导词that不能省略。
4【答案】第四行：made改为making won't后加be
【解析】属于主动结构。
5【答案】第五行：said前加and
【解析】动词came和said属于并列的两个动作，需要连词。
6【答案】第六行：talking后加about so改为because
【解析】根据具体句子可知talk about 后面才可以接宾语。句子属于因果关系，应该使用：because。
7【答案】第七行：good改为use
【解析】那有什么用。故此改为use。
（3）【河南省周口市部分学校2010届高三上学期期末调研】
主要根据句意来判断：
One night a hotel caught a fire，and the people who were staying in it
1.______
ran out with their night clothes．Two men stood outside and looked at the
fire． 2.____
“Before I came out，” said one，“I run into some of the rooms and
3._____
found a lot of money．People don't think of money when they're
afraid． 4._____
When anyone leave paper money in a fire，the fire burns it． 5._____ So I took all the bill that I could find．No one will be poorer because I took them．”
6._____
“I don't know my work，” said the other．“What is your work？”
7._____
“I'm a policeman．“Oh！” cried the first man． He thought quick and said，
8._____
“And do you know my work？”“Not，”said the policeman．“I'm a
writer． 9._____
I'm always telling stories about all things never happened．”
10._____
1【答案】a去掉
【解析】固定短语：catch fire
2【答案】With改为in
【解析】表示“穿着”用介词in
3【答案】3.Run改为ran
【解析】时态一致：ran and found
4【答案】正确
【解析】
5【答案】leave改为leaves
【解析】主谓一致：anyone做主语谓语动词用单数。
6【答案】Bill改为bills
【解析】名词bill受all修饰，用复数。
7【答案】I 改为You
【解析】语境中代词一致。
8【答案】Quick改为quickly
【解析】修饰动词thought用副词quickly。
9【答案】9.Not改为no
【解析】答语错误，否定应该使用no。
10【答案】Things后加that
【解析】定语从句中需要关系代词that。
高考频考点27. 7选5
（1）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【江苏省泰州市三所重点高中2010届高三期末联考】
_71_ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start you own club. It‘s great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there‘s never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. _72_ Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. _73_ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
_74 You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That‘ll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can speed a lot of time making them. 75 Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it.
So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you‘ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!
A. That‘s easy.
B. Enjoy your own club!
C. Invite a designer to join you.
D. What are you interest in?
E. Some vacation is just around the corner.
F. Then you need to pick a name for your club.
G. Use a bright thick pen to make a special design.
【答案】EDAFG
（2）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中的两项为多途选项。【上海市普陀区2010届高三上学期期末质量调研】
Are you truly happy? Do you ever know what it means to be happy and what it takes to achieve happiness? __71___. The following are a few tips that I follow to create happiness in my life.
※ Make a plan for attaining goals that you believe will make you happy. Your moods will very likely increase if you are going after something you value.
※Surround yourself with happy people. It is easy to begin to think negatively when you are surrounded by people who think that way. ___72___.
※When something goes wrong, try to figure out a solution instead of being absorbed in self pity. Truly happy people don’t allow setbacks to affect their mood because they know that with a little thought they can turn the circumstances back to their favor.
※__73_. These few minutes will give you the opportunity to focus on the positive things in your life and will lead you to continuous happiness.
※ 74 . Whether you treat yourself to lunch, take a long, relaxing bath or simply
spend a few extra minutes on your appearance, you will be subconsciously (下意识地) putting yourself in a better mood.
※Finding the humor in situations can also lead to happiness. Find a way to make light of a situation that would otherwise make you happy.
※Keeping healthy is another way to achieve happiness. 75 .
A．What makes one person happy may be very different from what makes someone else happy.
B．On the contrary, if you are around people who are happy, their emotional state will be infectious.
C．Being overweight or not eating nutritious foods can have a negative effect on your mooD．
D．These are important questions for anyone who is seeking happiness to ask themselves.
E．Spend a few minutes each day thinking about the things that make you happy. F．There are some tips in life that lead to happiness.
G．It’s also important to take some time each day to do something nice for yourself.
【答案】DBEGC
（3）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【浙江省温州市十校联合体2010届高三上学期期末试题】
__71___ .Being angry doesn‘t really solve much, but what people do when they feel angry is important. The goal is to calm down and try to solve what is bothering you. This is hard for some kids and adults, too. Instead of calming down, some kids might keep getting more and more upset until they explode like a volcano!
__72___ .Their anger might be so strong that they lose control of their temper. They may act in ways unacceptable and hurtful. People may say that someone has trouble controlling their temper.__73___
Some kids might get so angry that they scream at their parents, break something , or even worse , hit their brothers or sisters._74____ .However, it‘s not OK for a kid to do any of those things .Kids don‘t want to act in this way , but sometimes angry feelings can be hard to manage. So what to do?
Well, the good news is that kids don‘t just have to keep making the same mistakes over and over again.__75___ .Imagine your temper as a puppy inside you that needs some training. The puppy is not bad ---- it will probably turn out a great dog. It just needs to learn some rules because, right now, that puppy is causing some problems to you.
A. You can train you temper.
B.You don‘t want to cause trouble.
C. Kids should be allowed to express their feelings, even angry ones.
D. Everybody gets angry sometimes.
E. In fact, they usually mean that a kid behaves badly when feeling angry. F. Instead of thinking of the person you‘re angry with, think of something else. G. Some kids get angry more often or more easily than some other kids.
【答案】DGECA
（4）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余项。【辽宁省锦州市2010届高三3月联考】
Choosing the right job is probably one of the most important decisions we have to make in life, and it is frequently one of the hardest decisions we have to make. One important question that you might ask yourself is: ―How do I get a good job?‖___71___.
There are people who can answer an insignificant advertisement in the local paper and land the best job in the world; others write to all sorts of places all over the country, and never seem to get a reply at all. Still others believe that the in person, door-to-door approach is by far the best way to get a job; and then there are those who, through no active decision of their own, just seem to be in the right place at the right time. ___72____. He used to spend a lot of his free time down by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might one day sail one of them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailor could never be anything for the boy but an idle dream. One day, on his usual wandering, he heard the captain of the ship complaining that he could not sail because one member of his crew was sick. Without stopping to think, the lad(少年) offered to take his place. ___73___.
__74__. If the lad had gone home to ponder（考虑）his decision for a week, he may have missed his chance. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.
Sometimes we hear stories about people who break all the rules and still seem to land plum jobs（美差）. When you go for a job interview or fill out an application, you are expected to say nice things about the company to which you are applying. ___75___. And within a year this person had become general manger of the company.
A．This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself.
B．People find jobs in an infinite number of ways.
C．it’s almost impossible to find a good job by answering advertisement in newspapers
D．Take for example the young man who wanted to be a sailor.
E．But there was one person who landed an excellent job by telling the interviewer all the company’s faults.
F．He spent the rest of his life happily sailing the ships he had always loved. G．It is very important to seize an opportunity when it presents itself.
【答案】BDFAE
（5）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【浙江省宁波市2010届高三上学期期末试题】
_71_ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start you own club. It‘s great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there‘s never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. _72_ Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. _73_ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
_74 You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That‘ll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can speed a lot of time making them. 75 Why not
leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it.
So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you‘ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!
A．That’s easy.
B．Enjoy your own club!
C．Invite a designer to join you.
D．What are you interest in?
E．Some vacation is just around the corner.
F．Then you need to pick a name for your club.
G．Use a bright thick pen to make a special design.
【答案】EDAFG
（6）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【江苏省南京市2009-2010学年度高三第二次调研测试】
Before going outside in the morning, many of us check a window thermometer(温度计)for the temperature. This helps us decide what to wear. _______71______ . We want our food to be a certain coldness in the refrigerator. We want it a certain hotness in the oven. If we don‘t feel well, we use a thermometer to see if we have a fever. We keep our rooms a certain warmth in the winter and a certain coolness in the summer.
Not all the thermometers use the same system to measure temperature. We use a system called the Fahrenheit scale. But most other countries use the Centigrade scale.
Both systems use the freezing and boiling points of water as their guide._____72_______ .
The most common kind of thermometer is made with mercury(水银)inside a clear glass tube. As mercury (or any other liquid ) becomes hot, it expands. As it gets colder, it contracts(收缩). That is why on hot days the mercury line is high in the glass tube.______73______.
First. Take a clear glass juice bottle that has a cap; fill the bottle with coloured water. Tap a hole in the center of the cap using a hammer and thick nail. Put the cap on the jar. Then stick a plastic straw(吸管) through the nail hole.
_______74____________.
Finally. Place a white card on the outside of the bottle and behind the straw. Now you can see the water lever easily.
_______75___________.
As the temperature goes down, the water will contract, and the lever in the straw will come down. Perhaps you will want to keep a record of the water lever in the straw each morning for a week.
A. We use and depend on thermometers to measure the temperature of many other things in our daily lives.
B. Thermometers measure temperature, by using materials that change in the same way when they are heated or cooled.
C. Now that you know this rule you can make a thermometer of your own that will work.
D. The water will rise in the straw. As the temperature of the air goes up, the water will expand and rise even higher.
E. They label these in different ways. On the Fahrenheit scale water freezes at 32 degrees and boils at 212 degrees. On the Celsius scale water freezes at 0 degrees and boils at 100degrees.
F. Take wax (you may use an old candle if you have one) and melt some of it right where the straw is struck into the cap to seal(把..粘住) them together.
G. People use thermometers which are made by themselves when travelling around the world.
【答案】
71. A 从前面上下文意义可知温度计在我们日常生活中的功能，便可知道选择A正确。
72. E 从上文可知“温度计分华氏标准和摄氏标准两种方式计量温度，”选项E进一步介绍了这两种温度计量方式的具体标准。故正确答案是E。
73. C 本段前一部分介绍了温度计的构造原理，下文根据此原理制造一个能够计量温度工作的温度计。所以选项C符合文意。
74. F 根据上下文的逻辑意义，选项F是正确答案。
75. D 从下文可知应选与之对应的选项D。
（7）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【湖北省黄冈市2009-2010学年度高三3月联考】
Choosing the right job is probably one of the most important decisions we have to make in life, and it is frequently one of the hardest decisions we have to make. One important question that you might ask yourself is: ―How do I get a good job?‖___71___.
There are people who can answer an insignificant advertisement in the local paper and land the best job in the world; others write to all sorts of places all over the country, and never seem to get a reply at all. Still others believe that the in person, door-to-door approach is by far the best way to get a job; and then there are those who, through no active decision of their own, just seem to be in the right place at the right time. ___72____.He used to spend a lot of his free time down by the sea watching the tall ships, but never thinking that he might one day sail one of them. His father was a farmer, and being a sailor could never be anything for the boy but an idle dream. One day, on his usual wandering, he heard the captain of the ship complaining that he could not sail because one member of his crew was sick. Without stopping to think, the lad（少年）offered to take his place. ___73___.
__74__.If the lad had gone home to ponder（考虑） his decision for a week, he may have missed his chance. It is one thing to be offered an opportunity; it is another thing to take it and use it well.
Sometimes we hear stories about people who break all the rules and still seem to land plum jobs（美差）. When you go for a job interview or fill out an application, you are expected to say nice things about the company to which you are applying. ___75___.And within a year this person had become general manger of the company.
A. This story also illustrates the importance of seizing an opportunity when it presents itself.
B. People find jobs in an infinite number of ways.
C. it‘s almost impossible to find a good job by answering advertisement in newspapers
D. Take for example the young man who wanted to be a sailor.
E. But there was one person who landed an excellent job by telling the interviewer all the company‘s faults.
F. He spent the rest of his life happily sailing the ships he had always loved. G. It is very important to seize an opportunity when it presents itself.
【答案】
71. B 根据上下文，选项B符合逻辑意义。
72. D 从此空的前后文可以很容易地看出，空后是对空前观点的例解。故选D。
73. F 根据故事叙述，选项F是对所举事例的总结语。
74. A 此空后面是对所举故事的进一步分析，选项A是此段的论点。
75. E 从此短的论点“Sometimes we hear stories about people who break all the rules and still seem to land plum jobs”便能看出，只有选与此空前面的观点相反的选项E，才能和后面的结果相符合。
（8）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。【广东省广州市2010届高三上学期期末调研】
What is your favourite colour? Do you like yellow, orange, red? ___71___. Do you prefer greys and blues? Then you are probably quiet, shy, and you would rather follow than lead. You tend to be pessimist. At least, this is what psychologists tell us, and they should know, because they have been seriously studying the meaning of colour preference, as well as the effect that colours have on human beings. ___72___ . If you happen to love brown, you did so, as soon as you opened your eyes, or at least as soon as you could see clearly.
___73___. A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day. ___74___ . A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides(自杀) than any other bridge in the area---until it was repainted green. The number of suicide attempts immediately fell sharply. Perhaps it would have fallen even more if the bridge had been done in pink or baby blue. ___75___. It is an established fact that factory workers work better, harder, and have fewer accidents when their machines are painted orange rather than black or grey.
A. On the other hand, black is depressing.
B. They tell us, among other facts, that we do not choose our favourite colour as grow up --- we are born with our preference.
C. The rooms are painted in different colours as you like.
D. If you do, you must be an optimist, a leader, an active person who enjoys life, people and excitement.
E. Light and bright colours make people not only happier but more active. F. Life is like a picture or a poem, full of different colours.
G. Colours do influence our moods---there is no doubt about it
【答案】
71 D 根据下文问答形式可以看出，选项D为正确答案。
72. B 根据上文意义，选项填到此空处可以与上文形成排比句式。
73. G 从空后的“A yellow room makes most people feel more cheerful and more relaxed than a dark green one; and a red dress brings warmth and cheer to the saddest winter day.”这句话中可以找出正确答案为选项G。
74. A 从与上文的关系空后的“A black bridge over the Thames River, near London, used to be the scene of more suicides(自杀) than any other bridge in the area---until it was repainted green.” 这句话中可以找到正确答案选项G。
75. E 从下文意义可以很容易地推断出E为最佳选项。
（9）【吉林省实验中学2010届高三第二次模拟】
_71_ One of the best things you can possibly do is to start your own cluB. It‘s great fun especially if you are the sort of person who feels there‘s never anything to do during the school holidays.
The first thing you need to come up with is an idea for your club. _72_ Pets, clothes, pop music or dancing groups, sports, making things? The list is endless.
Next you need some friends to be in your club with you. _73_ All you need is three or four other people who are interested in the same thing as you.
_74 You should all sit down somewhere together with lots of pieces of paper and write down every name you can think up. That‘ll keep you busy for ages.
At your first meeting you should make up a rule book. And the first rule should be no grown-ups or little/big brothers or sisters! The best clubs are always secret!
Now you have just about everything you need, except membership cards. These are very important and again you can speed a lot of time making them. 75 Why not leave some space for a photo of yourself? That will make the membership card really look like it.
So there you are, get clubbing! Once you get started you‘ll think of loads of more interesting things to do!
A. That‘s easy.
B. Enjoy your own club!
C. Invite a designer to join you.
D. What are you interest in?
E. Summer vacation is just around the corner.
F. Then you need to pick a name for your club.
G. Use a bright thick pen to make a special design.
【答案】EDAFG
高考频考点28. 书面表达
〈1〉【广东省2010届三校期末联考】【文字提示】
20xx年广州亚运会即将来临。为了迎接亚运，你们班级将举行一次“我与2012广州
亚运”的主题班会。假如你是班长，请你就以下内容拟一个发言稿。
[写作内容]
20xx年广州亚运会
2.
3. 1. 是21世纪初重大体育赛事之一； 包括中国在内的亚洲各国都在为此做准备； 亚运会的作用；
1. 修建体育场馆、亚运村等； 省、市政府
2. 美化城市；
我们中学生
2. ……
[写作要求] 1. 学好英语，争做自愿者；
1．只能使用5个句子表达全部内容；
2．文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称；
3. 注意：发言稿的开头和结尾已给出(不计入5个句子中)。
Hello, my dear fellow classmates. Today we‘re having a class meeting here whose topic is ―2012 Guangzhou Asian Games & Me‖.
Thank you for your attention and next, I hope all of you will share your idea with one another about the coming great Games.
【答案】Possible version:
Hello, my dear fellow classmates. Today we‘re having a class meeting here whose topic is ―The 2012 Guangzhou Asian Games & Me‖. The 2012 Asian Games, one of the most important sports events in the early 21st century, will be held in Guangzhou. Every country in Asia, especially the host country China, is preparing for it. I think it will do good to the friendship between peoples of China and other Asian countries. So the provincial and municipal governments should spare no efforts to improve the environment (beautify the city), build adequate stadiums, Asian Village and other facilities and widening the roads in Guangzhou. As middle school students, we must try to learn English well, get ready to be volunteers or do some other things for it.
Thank you for your attention and next, I hope all of you will share your idea with one another about the coming great Games. (105w)
〈2〉【广东省2010届四校四次联考】【文字提示】
波兰举办的合唱节即将开幕，并将邀请你校合唱团作为中国代表前往表演，请你为学校的合唱团写一份英文简介，要点如下：
名称 和谐中学混声合唱团Mixed Chorus of Hexie High School
成立年份
组成人员
训练安排 19xx年 80人，初一至高三的音乐爱好者 每星期定期进行演唱训练
成绩 历届广州市中小学合唱节一等奖；
近两届广州市学校合唱节中蝉联混声组（mixed chorus）的冠军。
宗旨 秉承“和谐”的办校理念和传统，通过合唱训练，让同学们感受和谐、理解和谐，并以合作的精神，唱出“和谐”的声音，培养出“德” “才”兼备的人才。
【写作内容】
请根据表格内容，写一篇短文，需包括以下内容：
1. 合唱团的成立时间与组成人员；
2. 合唱团历年所获奖项；
3. 合唱团的宗旨；
4. 合唱团的训练安排。
【写作要求】
1. 只能使用5个句子表达全部内容。
2. 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
【答案】
A Brief Introduction to Mixed Chorus of Bozheng High School
Founded in 1996, Mixed Chorus of Hexie High School consists of 80 members now, all of whom are music lovers from varied grades, ranging from Junior 1 to Senior 3, who participate in the singing practice every week. It has ranked first in Guangzhou‘s Chorus Festival for Middle Schools and Primary Schools for many years. What‘s worth mentioning, in the last two festivals, it has won two mixed chorus championships for its striking performance in succession. Since ―harmony‖ is the notion and tradition of running Hexie High School, we hope to help the students feel harmony and understand harmony by the practice of chorus. Furthermore, with cooperative spirit, we hope to sing in a harmonious voice and foster talents with both virtue and ability. 〈3〉【安徽省三名校2010届期末联考】【文字提示】
我们是寄宿制学校，大部分学生住校，也有一部分学生选择走读。我校开展了一次问
卷调查，主题为：“我们是否应该住校?”
下表是本次调查的结果，请你就此结果写一篇调查报告，并适当阐述自己的观点。
70%的同学赞成住校 30%的同学反对住校
1．有利于培养我们良好的学习和生活习惯；
2．节约了时间；
3．可与老师及同学充分交流，有利于共同进步。
2．学生住校不利于了解外界信息；
3．和家人交流少。
注意：
1．词数100左右； 2．参考词汇：寄宿制学校boarding school 住校live on campus； 3．文章的开头已为你写好，不计人总词数。 1．学校餐厅无法满足多样需求；
【答案】Recently, a survey has been made in Our school on whether we students
should live on campus in a boarding school．The opinions are divided． Recently, a survey has been made in our school on whether we students should live on campus in a boarding school. The opinions are divided.
70% of us are in favor of it as living on campus can help develop a good habit of studying and living. Besides, they can spend less time on the way. to school and home. What's more, they can consult teachers and discuss with classmates, which will contribute to their improvement.
However, 30% of them are against it for the reasons below: First, the school canteen can't meet the various needs of students. Second, if they live on campus, they'll have little chance to get in touch with society. Last, without parents accompanying, they communicate less with them.
Personally, I think it's necessary to live on campus because we can live, study and play together happily.
〈4〉【湖北省六校联考】【文字提示】
你今年暑假到一家肯德基（KFC）快餐店做保洁员（cleaner）工作。你每天工作七个小时，为期三周。这项工作辛苦且枯燥，你感到非常疲劳，几乎半途放弃。每天你都要起早贪黑地工作。在新学期开始之前，你终于坚持完成了这项工作，并由此认识到了劳动（labor）的意义。你认为这是一次成功的体验。
注意：1．必须使用第一人称。
2．词数100左右。
【答案】One possible version:
During the summer holidays this year, I thought I should do something meaningful instead of staying at home, so I got a job at a KFC fast food restaurant and worked there as a cleaner. I worked seven hours a day for three weeks.
The job was hard and boring and seemed endless, which made me so tired that I nearly gave it up half way. After all, I stuck to it with determination.
Every day I started off for work early in the morning and got home late in the evening. Finally I finished the job before the new term began.
Now, I understand what labor means. I think it is really a successful experience. 〈5〉【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【阅读写作】
阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求写一篇150左右的英语短文。
Let‘s face it. You are constantly exposed to common uses. There is nothing you can do about them. However, you can greatly influence the effect of those viruses on your health. Don‘t accept that the flu or common cold is something you have to suffer from time to time. Stop this thought and keep yourself and your entire family healthy regardless of the weather or season. These 4 easy tips will help you to reduce the number of times you are down with the flu or common cold.
1. Eat plenty of fresh fruits and vegetables daily.
They will provide you with important nutrients, mainly vitamins, which are needed to increase
your ability to win the fight against common viruses.
2. Drink plenty of water.
The water runs through your body, removing everything your body wants to get rid of. Stop drinking water 30 minutes before a meal and wait for 2 hours after a meal. This will prevent the water from diluting your digestive juices.
3. Sleep more than 8 hours per night.
If you often fail to have enough sleep, not only will you feel tired, but also your immune system will work less efficiently. You will be more easily affected by viruses.
4. Think positively and keep an optimistic view on your life situations.
Your mind and your immune system talk with each other. Your encouraging thoughts will bring the best out from your immune system. Keep always in mind that your reaction to the first sign of the flu or common cold should be something like: I am sure my immune system will easily win the fight against those viruses. I am going to stay healthy!
【写作内容】
假设你们班要举行一次关于 “健康生活”的演讲, 请你以 “健康的生活习惯让我们远离病毒” 为主题写一篇演讲稿。 内容要点包括:
1.
2. 以约30个词概括上文要点. 以约120个词谈谈你对形成健康的生活习惯的看法，内容包括:
(1) 病毒的危害及形成健康生活习惯的必要性;
(2) 结合自己的例子向大家介绍健康的生活习惯有哪些;
(3) 倡导大家培养正确的生活习惯。
【写作要求】
1. 在作文中可以使用自己亲身的经历或虚构的故事, 也可以参照阅读材料的内容但不得直接引用原文中的句子。
2.
3. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。 作文的开头和结尾已经给出,不计入总词数。
【评分标准】
概括准确, 语言规范, 内容合适, 篇章连贯。
Boys and girls,
I am very glad to give you a talk about how to live a healthy life.
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thank you!
【答案】Boys and girls,
I am very glad to give you a talk about how to live a healthy life.
We may often be affected by different viruses. However, we can avoid them if we form some good habits, such as eating healthy food, drinking plenty of water, having enough sleep and keeping a positive attitude.
As we all know, viruses can cause several serious diseases, such as the flu and AIDS. So it is necessary for us to form healthy habits to fight against those viruses. There are many good habits. Take my own for example, I drink a glass of milk every morning and do exercise every day after finishing my classes, which can help me build up a strong body. Apart from those, we can also keep away from viruses by having balanced diets; keeping our body clean and living a regular life. To sum up, it is very important for us to form good habits. Let‘s defeat viruses together and live a healthy life.
Thank you!
〈6〉【广东省2010届九校三次联考】【文字提示】
假设你是一名广州亚运会的志愿者，下面是关于20xx年广州亚运会的基本情况，请根据以下提示写一篇短文。
1、 第16届亚洲运动会将于20xx年11月12日至27日在广州举行，本届亚运会共设42个比赛项目，是亚运会历史上比赛项目最多的一届。
2、 广州于20xx年7月1日取得亚运会的主办权，是中国继北京后第二个承办亚运会的城市。
3、 目前广州市政府正竭尽全力美化环境，改善交通，旨在举办一个特别的，令人难忘的亚运会。
4、 作为一名志愿者，你打算为亚运做什么？
【写作要求】
1、
2、 只能使用5个规范的英语句子表述以上所有内容。 文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称。
【评分标准】
句子结构准确，信息内容完整，篇章结构连贯。
【答案】As is known to all, the 16th Asian Games will be held in Guangzhou ,China from November 12 to 27, 2010. It’s said that there will be 42 events for the coming feast, the most events ever to be competed in the history of the Asian Games. Guangzhou successfully won the right to host the Asian Games on July 1,2004 , becoming the second host city of the Asian Games after Beijing in China. To make the Asian Games more special and unforgettable, at present, Guangzhou government is making every effort to improve the traffic situation as well as create a beautiful environment. As a volunteer, I would be much honored if I could offer help to the foreign guests and play a part in appealing to the people to protect the environment. 〈7〉【江苏省南通市2010届高三第二次调研测试】【文字提示】
90后出生的学生，思想特殊、行为方式和价值观令人担忧。假如你是一名90后出生的学生刘林，请根据下表中所提供信息以“Do trust us—a generation born in the 90s”为题写一篇英语演讲稿，以消除人们的忧虑。
90后的境遇
面临更多的升学和就业烦恼，所处环境竞争更加激烈。
人们的忧虑
1．注重自我，轻视合作，……
2．缺乏毅力，容易气馁，……
3．盲目追求，渴望成名，……
我们的长处
敢于挑战，……
（请考生联系自己拟定内容，再列举两至三点。）
注意：1．对所给要点，逐一陈述，适当发挥，不要简单翻译。
2．词数150左右。开头和结尾已经写好，不计入总词数。
3．演讲稿中不得提及考生所在学校及本人姓名。
Good afternoon, everyone!
The topic of my speech today is ―Do trust us—a generation born in the 90s‖.
Living in an environment full of fiercer competition, we, a generation born in the 90s, are faced with more problems in entering higher schools and getting employed. _____________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Thank you for your listening!
【答案】
Good afternoon, everyone!
The topic of my speech today is ―Do trust us—a generation born in the 90s‖.
Living in an environment full of fiercer competition, we, a generation born in the 90s, are faced with more problems in entering higher schools and getting employed. Under these circumstances, we are developing our special manners and values, which has raised people‘s concern.
They worry we care too much about ourselves and are unwilling to cooperate with others, which makes it hard for us to achieve success in whatever we do. Besides, they consider us as lacking in determination, and this is what it takes to do any job well. Without it, we may easily give up in time of difficulty. They are also concerned that we are so eager to win instant fame that we follow fashion blindly, which will in turn ruin our values and future.
However, we, a generation born in the 90s, have our own advantages despite some weaknesses. Firstly, we have the courage to meet challenges and take risks, which helps realize our dreams. In addition, we are quick-minded and creative. We can do our work more efficiently. Yet, we still need to learn more from those experienced. Please do trust us!
Thank you for your listening!
(160 words)
〈8〉【江苏省苏、锡、常、镇四市2010届高三下学期教学情况调查（一）】【】
【图画图表】【】
20xx年央视春晚的广告收入创新高，但节目中的植入广告引发了热议。最近，某网站举行了一次题为“对今年春晚植入广告的态度”的调查，请根据以下饼图(pie chart)所示信息用英语写一篇短文，并提出你自己的看法。
注意：
1. 对所给提示，不要简单翻译，可适当增加细节，使行文连贯。
2. 词数150左右。开头已给出，不计入总词数。
3. 植入广告: product placement
The 2010 Spring Festival Gala has set records for TV commercial rates, which accordingly has caused heated discussions due to product placement in the programmes.
【答案】
One possible version:
The 2010 Spring Festival Gala has set records for TV commercial rates, which accordingly has caused heated discussions due to product placement in the programmes.
As is shown in the pie chart, 20% of the people surveyed think it acceptable, for the product placement appears in the programmes naturally. And 15% of them consider it necessary for CCTV to make money from product placement, which is of great benefit to the development of CCTV itself.
However, among the people surveyed, more than one third of them complain that the product placement has nothing to do with the programmes. 25% of them even feel hurt seeing so much of it. Furthermore, the rest 10% hold the view that great harm has been done to the image of CCTV.
From the chart we can draw a conclusion that most of the people surveyed are against product placement in the programmes. In my opinion, product placement nowadays is almost unavoidable, but it should not damage the art of the show and should take the audience‘s feelings into account. (151 words)
高考英语交际用语特殊答语
1. No way 没门，决不可能
No problem 回答请求（很愿意去做）
No comment 无可奉告
No wonder 难怪
2. Forget it 没关系（应答道歉）；忘掉它吧；算了吧；就当我没说
I can’t help it/it can’t be helped实在没办法，无可避免
(I always get angry with hem, I just can‘t help it.)
Got it 懂了知道了
I mean it我是认真的
That’s it 正是这样，这才是要点
3. With pleasure非常愿意
(It’s）my pleasure不用谢
4. Not likely ! 不可能; 不行！
Me? Join the army? Not likely ! 我?参军?没门儿!
Not in the least一点也不
Far from it.一点也不。
Not really 不全是，不很; 不会吧
A：Are you busy now? 你现在忙吗?
B：Oh, not really. Why? 哦，不怎么忙，有什么事?
A：He’s leaving tomorrow. 他明天就要走了。
B：Not really. 不会吧。
Not exactly! 不很; 不完全如此
A：Do you mean to say he’ll refuse us? 你的意思是说他会拒绝我们?
B：Not exactly. 不完全如此。
A：So you missed the meeting. 所以你就错过了这次会议。
B：Not exactly. I got there five minutes before it finished. 不完全是这样， 我在散会前五分钟赶到了那儿。
5. Come on 催促，鼓励; 算了吧，得了吧
(Oh, come on ,don’t lie to me.算了吧，得了吧，别撒谎.)
6. Why not 好哇，干嘛不 （同意建议）
Help yourself随便吃，自己拿、取
7. How come?怎么会呢（惊讶）
How come you didn't come to join us last night?为什么你昨天晚上不来和我们一起玩呢？
So what? 那又怎样
What for? 为了什么
What if？如果...将会怎么样？
What if it is true? 如果这是真的又该如何呢？
8. It’s a deal成交
It’s a bargain 便宜货
Let's go Dutch. AA制
It’s my treat我请客
9. I can’t agree more完全同意
It depends看情况，视……而定
(It’s)Up to you 由你决定吧
Absolutely完全可以
By all means尽一切可能，当然行
Go ahead开始吧，请吧
10. Take it easy别急，别烦恼
Take your time慢慢来
11. It’s nothing/think nothing of it.没什么(回答感谢)
12. Never mind不要紧，没关系; 不用担心
Never mind! Perhaps you'll have better luck next time.
不必担心！或许下一回你会时来运转呢。
It doesn’t matter没关系，不生气，不介意
13. Me too我也是
Me neither我也不是
A: Poor Steve! I could hardly recognize him just now!
B: Me neither, He has changed so much.
14. It’s a piece of cake 小菜一碟
15. Cheer up振作些
16. Cheers/ Drink to one’s health（为健康）干杯
17. Better play it safe慎重，别冒险
18. You can’t be serious！ Are you kidding 开玩笑吧
19. Pardon me 对不起
20. Just in case以防万一
21. Yes? ① 嗳；我在这儿；有什么事?
A：Waiter! 服务员!
B：Yes, sir? 先生，你要什么?
②真的吗? 是吗? (继续)说呀!
A：Just then a heavy rain poured down. 正在这个时候，忽然大雨倾盆。 B：Yes? 是吗?(后来怎样了呢?)
③对不对? 是不是? 好不好? 如：
Let’s go out for a walk—yes? 我们出去散散步，好不好?
22. So far so good.目前为止，一切都好
23. That's not like him.那不像是他的风格。
24. It's better than nothing.总比什么都没有好。
25. Good luck祝你幸运!”“祝你好运!”“祝你顺利!
Just my luck:真倒霉，真不走运，我的运气总是这样差
26. You bet! 当然！
27. Drop me a line写封信给我
28. I'll keep my ears open.我会留意的
29. You're the boss.听你的
30.If I were in your shoes处在某人的位置; 如果我是你的话
高考英语写作常用句型
一、表示比较和对照关系的句型：
1) A is to B what/ as C is to D(A之于B犹如C之于D).
2) Just as..., so...
3) A and B have sth in common.
4) A is similar to B.
5) The same is true of，The same can be said of(……也是如此).
6) The advantages of A are much greater than B.
7) compared with B, A has many advantages.
8) The advantages outweigh the disadvantages(利大于弊).
9) Wonderful as A is, however, it has its own disadvantages too.
10) Although A enjoys considerable advantage over..., it can not compete with B in...
11) Contrary to widely accepted views, I believe that...
12) What people fail to consider is that...
13) It is one thing to insist that..., it is quite another to show that...
14) A is superior(inferior) to B.
15) ...varies from person to person(……是因人而异的)
16) A is just the opposite (to B)
17) A differs from B in that…(A不同于B在于……)
18) …is not the same (as)
二、过渡性句型：
1) this is true that...
2) ...also...
3) It is one thing to...; it is another to...
三、描写图表和数据的句型
1) .. . rank first (both) in...
2) The number is ...times as much as that of ...
3) The figure has nearly doubled, as against that of last year.
4) It accounts for 35% of...
5) By comparison with ..., it decreased/increased/fell from...to...
6) ...rise rapidly(slowly)
7) ...remain level...
8) ...reach ...
四、图表作文中的过渡、概括句型：
1) As can be indicated in the table, ...
2) As we could find out later， ...
3) As is revealed in the table，...
4) As the survey results show，...
5) This table provides several important points of comparison between，...
6) The two graphs depict the same thing in ...
7) The key findings taken from the surveys are as follows:
8) According to the figures given in the table, ...
9) This chart shows that ...
10) As is shown by the graph, ...
11) It can be seen from the statistics that ...
12) It is generally believed /accepted/thought/held ...
五、说明原因的句型:
1) There are some/two/many good reasons for.../to do...
2) We have two good reasons for...
3) The reason for ... is that + 从句
4) Among the most convincing reasons given by people for..., one should be mentioned...
5) One may think of the trend as a result of...
6) The change in... largely results from the fact that...
7) There are several causes for this significant growth in... First...
8) A number of factors could account for the ....
9) It is no simple task to give the reason for ...
10) The cause of /reason for higher prices was an increase in demand.
11) Because/As/Now that/Since the demand has increased, the prices are higher.
12) An increase in demand causes/results in/leads to/produces higher prices.
13) The demand has increased.
14) Therefore,/As a result,/For this reason,/Because of this,/Consequently, the prices are higher.
15) If there is an increase in demand, then prices rise./go up. /boost./are higher.
16) Different people look at...in different ways...
六、表示不同看法的句型:
1) Different people have/hold different opinions/views on the question/problem/matter. Some believe that ...; Others argue that ... :Still others maintain that ...
2) They are quite different from each other in their opinions.
3) Some people hold the opinion that it is good to ....
4) They think quite differently on this question.
5) Opinions vary from individual to individual, from culture to culture.
七、表示必须,紧急,有困难做某事的句型:
1) It is important (necessary, urgent, difficult, easy, convenient, comfortable, expensive, desirable, advisable) for sb. to do sth.
2) ...have trouble/difficulty/a hard time/a difficult time (in) doing sth. (有困难做某事)
八、用于文章开头的句型：
1) Faced with...; quite a few people argue that...; But other people conceive differently.
2) There is a general discussion today about the issue of....; Those who object to... argue that ...;They believe that...; But people who favor ..., on the other hand, argue that ...
3) Currently there is a widespread concern that...
4) Now people in growing number are coming to realize that...
5) Now it is commonly held that ...; they think ...; But I doubt whether...
6) Recently the issue of... has been brought to public attention.
7) One of the great men once said that... Now more and more people share this belief.
8) Until recently, ... has been regarded as.... But people are taking a fresh look at it.
9) Sb. argues/maintains /holds/insists/believes that...
10) More and more people are realizing /have come to realize...
11) There is no denying/doubt that ...
九、用于文章结尾的句型：
1) From what has been discussed above/taking into account all these factors, we may safely arrive at/draw/come to/reach the conclusion that ...
2) It is high time that we put considerable/great/special emphasis on ...
3) We must look for all immediate method, because the present situation of ..., if permitted to continue, will sure lead to/result in...
4) Many solutions/methods are being offered here, all of them make some sense, but none is quite satisfactory. The problem should be examined in a new way.
5) There is no immediate solution to the problem of..., but... might be helpful/beneficial.
6) No easy method can be at hand to solve the problem of ..., but the general awareness of the necessity/importance of... might be the first step on the right way.
7) There is little doubt/denying that ...
8) It is, therefore, obvious/evident that the task of...require immediate attention.
9) As far as ... be concerned, I believe/think that ...
10) In conclusion,...
11) In my opinion, I am in favor of ...
12) Personally, I prefer to...
13) In short,... should learn to...; Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.
14) As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that...
十、用于论证和说明的句型：
1) We may cite/quote/take a single/common example to illustrate...
2) Our society abounds with the examples of ...
3) A recent study indicates/suggests/shows that...
4) According to the statistics provided by..., it can be seen that...
5) There is good/sufficient evidence to show that...
6) This brings out/set forth the important fact that ...
7) No one can ignore/overlook the fact that...
十一、常用谚语 (在议论文中):
1) As a popular saying goes, ―Every coin has two sides‖.
2) As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”. On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you dont deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides.
3) As a proverb says, “Where there is a will there is a way.” (有志者事竟成)
4) As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he keeps.”(观其交友,知其为人)
5) As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”.(没有苦,就没有甜)
十二、辩论中常用的句型:
1) There is no doubt that ...
2) It is obvious/clear that ...
3) As is known to all, ...
4) (It’s) no wonder... (难怪) He didn’t work hard and no wonder he lost his job.
5) It goes without saying that ... (不用说,不成问题,很自然……)
6) What is more important, ...
7) I am convinced that ... (我深信……)
书面表达活用句型
I. 用于文章主题句
1 (It is) needless to say (that)子句
= It is obvious that子句
= Obviously, S. + V.
2. …是不可能的; 无法…
There is no Ving= There is no way of Ving.= There is no possibility of Ving. = It is impossible to V.= It is out of the question to V.= No one can V. = We cannot V.
例︰不可否认的,成功的事业关键在于健康的身心。
There is not denying that successful business lies in a healthy body and mind.
3. 我深信…
I am greatly convinced (that)子句= I am greatly assured (that)子句 例︰我深信预防是重于治疗。
I am greatly convinced that prevention is better than cure.
4. 在各种…之中…
Among various kinds of …, …= Of all the …, …
例︰在各种运动中,我尤其喜欢慢跑。
Among various kinds of sports, I like jogging in particular.
5. …是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved (that)子句
例︰时间最珍贵是很容易证明的。
It can be easily proved that nothing is more precious than time.
6. …无论如何强调都不为过
… cannot be overemphasized
例︰交通安全的重要性无论如何强调都不为过。
The importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.
7. 就我的看法…；我认为…
In my opinion, …= To my mind, …. = As far as I am concerned, …
= I am of the opinion that子句
例︰就我的看法，打电动玩具既花费时间也有害健康。
In my opinion, playing video games not only takes much time but is also harmful to health.
8. (A) 每个人都知道…
Everyone knows (that)子句
(B) 就我所知…
As far as my knowledge is concerned, …
例︰就我所知下列方法对我帮助很大。
As far as my knowledge is concerned, the following ways are of great help to me.
9. 毫无疑问地…
There is no doubt (that)子句
例︰毫无疑问地近视在我国的年轻人中是一个严重的问题。
There is no doubt that near-sightedness is a serious problem among the youth of our country.
10. 根据我个人经验…
According to my personal experience, …= Based on my personal experience, … 例︰根据我个人经验微笑已带给我许多好处。
According to my personal experience, smile has done me a lot of good.
11. 在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比…更值得我尊敬。
Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than …
例︰在我认识的人当中也许没有一个人比我的英文老师张老师更值得我尊敬。
Of all the people I know, perhaps non deserves my respect more than Miss Chang, my English teacher.
12. 在我的求学过程中我忘不了…
In the course of my schooling. I will never forget …
例︰在我的求学过程中我忘不了学习英文所遭到的大困难。
In the course of my schooling. I will never forget the great difficulty I encountered in learning English.
13. (A) 随着人口的增加… With the increase/growth of the population, …
(B) 随着科技的进步, … With the advance of science and technology, …
例︰随着台湾经济的快速发展，许多社会问题产生了。
With the rapid development of Taiwan's economy, a lot of social problems have come to pass.
14. (A) 在这信息的年代…扮演重要的角色。
In the age of information and communication, … plays an important role.
(B) 在今日工业社会中…是生命不可或缺的。
In today's industrial society, … is indispensable to life.
例︰在这信息的年代,计算机扮演非常重要的角色。
In this age of information and communication, the computer plays an extremely important role.
15. 在讨论…一个人不得不承认…。
In dealing with …, one cannot but admit (that)子句
例︰在讨论未来的职业,一个人不得不承认尽早决定未来的职业很重要。
In dealing with one's future career, one cannot but admit that it is very important to decide one's future career as early as possible.
16. 世上没有什么比…更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as …
例︰世上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡更令我高兴。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast-food restaurants.
17. … 是必要的 It is necessary that S (should) V
… 是重要的 It is important/essential that S (should) V
… 是适当的 It is proper that S (should) V
… 是紧急的 It is urgent that S (should) V
例︰我们当保持公共场所清洁是应当的。
It is proper that we (should) keep the public places clean.
18. 每当我听到…我就忍不住感到兴奋。Whenever I hear …, I cannot but feel excited. 每当我做…我就忍不住感到悲伤。 Whenever I do …, I cannot but feel sad.
每当我想到…我就忍不住感到紧张。Whenever I think of …, I cannot but feel nervous. 每当我遭遇…我就忍不住感到害怕。Whenever I meet with …, I cannot but feel frightened.
每当我看到… 我就忍不住感到惊讶。Whenever I see …, I cannot but feel surprised. 例︰每当我想到我家附近那一条清澈的小溪,我就忍不住感到悲伤。
Whenever I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot but feel sad.
= Every time I think of the clean brook near my home, I cannot help feeling sad.
19. 据说… It is said (that)子句
一般认为… It is thought (that)子句
大家都知道… It is known (that)子句
据报导… It is reported (that)子句
一般预料… It is expected (that)子句
一般估计… It is estimated (that)子句
一般相信… It is believed (that)子句
例︰一般相信阅读增加我们的知识、扩大我们的心胸。
It is believed (that) reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
20. …的主要理由是…
The main reason why ….. is (that)子句
例︰青少年犯罪的主要理由是社会环境日一败坏。
The main reason why the juveniles commit crimes is that social environment is becoming worse.
21. 俗语说得好：「…」。
Well goes an old saying, "…"= As an old saying goes(runs, says), "…"= An old saying goes, "…"= It's an old saying (that)子句
例︰俗话说得好：「诚实为上策」。
As an old saying goes, "Honesty is the best policy."
22. (A) …用下列方法… … in the following ways.
(B) …有三个主要理由。 … for three major reasons.
(C) 要…至少我们可做三件事。 To …, there are at least three things we can do. 例︰(A) 我用下列方法增加信心。
I increase my confidence in the following ways.
(B) 人们学外语有三个理由。
People learn a foreign language for three major reasons.
(C) 为了维护健康,我们每天至少可做三件事。
To keep healthy, there are at least three things we can do every day.
II. 用于文章承转句
23. 那就是(说)…；亦即…
That is to say, …= That is, …= Namely, …
例︰我们生活需有规律。也就是说,早睡早起,戒除烟酒。
We need to live a regular life. That is, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking in the daily activities.
24. (A) 基于这个理由… For this reason, …
(B) 为了这个目的… For this purpose, …
例︰基于这个理由,我已决定把行医作为未来的职业。
For this reason, I have decided to take practicing medicine as my future career.
25. 我们有理由相信…
We have reasons to believe (that)子句
例︰我们有理由相信体罚应该严格禁止。
We have reasons to believe that corporal punishment should be strictly prohibited.
26. 事实上…
As a matter of fact, …= In fact, …
例︰事实上健康才是最重要。
As a matter of fact, it is health that counts.
27. (A) 例如… For example, …
(B) 拿…做例子 Take … for example.
例︰例如我们盲目地提高生活水准,却降低生活品质。
For example, we elevate the living standards blindly, but lower the quality of life.
28. 此外,我们不应忽视…
Besides (In addition), we should not neglect …
例︰此外我们不应忽视每个人都想要一个温馨祥和的社会。
In addition, we should not neglect that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.
29. 相反地…
on the contrary, …= by contrast, …
例︰相反地,少数学生似乎还在鬼混。
On the contrary, a few students, it seems, are still fooling around.
30. 另一方面…
on the other hand, …
例︰政府应严格执法,另一方面,大众也应该培养减少污染的好习惯。
The government should enforce laws strictly. On the other hand, the public also should develop the good habit of reducing pollution.
31. 然而,很可惜的是…
However, it is a pity that子句
例︰然而？很可惜的是他总是临时抱佛脚。
However, it is a pity that he should always cram at the eleventh hour.
32. 换言之…
in other words, …= to put it differently
例︰换言之,我会尽最大的努力达成我的目标。
In other words, I will try my best to attain (gain, live up to) my goal.
33. 别人可能认为这是事实,但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't. I believe that子句
例︰别人可能认为这是事实,但我不是。我认为…
It may be true as assumed by others, but I don't. I believe that if you have strong determination and perseverance, the success will certainly come to you in the end.
34. 从此之后,我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found that子句
例︰从此之后,我已发现…
Ever since then, I have found smile the best way to avoid any possible conflicts in our daily lives.
35. 这样说来,假如...当然毫无疑问地…。
In this light, if…, there can surely be no doubt (that) 子句
例︰这样说来,假如我们能善用时间？当然毫无疑问地我们会成功。
In this light, if we can make good use of time, there can surely be no doubt that we will get somewhere.
36. 更严重的是…。
What is more serious is (that)子句
例︰更严重的是,我们不珍惜野生动物。
What is more serious is that we do not cherish the wildlife.
37. 鉴于社会的实际需要…。
In view of the practical need of society, ….
例︰鉴于社会的实际需要,愈来愈多人对学英语有兴趣。
In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.
III. 用于文章结论句
38. 如果能实践这三点…。
If one can really put the three points into action (practice), …
例︰如果能实践这三点…。
If one can really put the three points into action(practice), he will surely be able to live a healthy and happy life.
39. 做这些简单之事,我们一定可以…。
By doing these simple things, we surely can ….
例︰做这些简单之事,我们一定可以快乐出门平安回家。
By doing these simple things, we surely can go out of the door happily and come back home safe every day.
40. 如此,我相信…。
In this way, I believe (that)子句
例︰如此,我相信大家能够像我一样享受乘坐公车的乐趣。
In this way, I believe that all the people may be able to enjoy the bus ride like me.
41. 实践这些…。
By putting them (the above) into practice, ….
例︰实践这些,在智育方面我一直能不断进步。
By putting them(the above) into practice, I have been able to make constant progress in intellectual education.
42. (A) 唯有符合此三项要求,我们才能…。
Only by living up to the three requirements, can we ….
(B) 唯有通力合作,我们才能…。
Only with combined efforts, can we ….
例︰唯有通力合作,我们才能期望台湾不久有新的面貌。
Only with combined efforts, can we expect Taiwan to take a new face in due course.
43. 最后,但并非最不重要…。
Last but no least, ….
例︰最后,但并非最不重要,教育上的缺失是助长青少年犯罪的原因。
Last but no least, the shortcoming in education is the cause contributing to juvenile delinquency.
44. 这证据显示～的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of ～ cannot be overemphasized. 例︰这证据显示交通安全的重要性在怎么强调都不为过。
This evidence shows that the importance of traffic safety cannot be overemphasized.
45. 由于这些理由,我…。
For these reasons, I ….
例︰由于这些理由,我认为在台湾接受大学教育是明智的。
For these reasons, I think that receiving college education in Taiwan is wise.
46. 总而言之…。
In conclusion, …= To sum up, …
例︰总而言之,好国民应该遵守交通规则。
In conclusion, a good citizen should abide by traffic regulations.
47. 因此,我们能下个结论,那就是…。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion (that)子句
例︰因此,我们能下个结论,那就是世上自由最珍贵。
We can, therefore, come to the conclusion that nothing is so precious as freedom in the world.
48. 如果我们能做到如上所述,毫无疑问地…。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt (that)子句
例︰如果我们能做到如上所述,毫无疑问地,我们就能精通英语。
If we can do as mentioned above, there can be no doubt that we can master English
49. 因此,这就是…的原因。
Thus, this is the reason why ….
例︰因此,这就是我重感冒的原因。
Thus, this is the reason why I caught a bad cold.
50. 所以,我们应该了解…。
Therefore, we should realize (that)子句
例︰所以,我们应该了解学英文不能没有字典。
Therefore, we should realize that in learning English we cannot do without a dictionary.
51. 因此,由上列的讨论我们可以明了…。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion (that)子句
例︰因此,由上列的讨论我们可以明了毅力可以克服任何困难。
We, therefore, can make clear from the above discussion that perseverance can overcome any difficulty.
52. 1. 从～观点来看…。 From the ～ point of view, ….
2. 根据～的看法…。 According to ～ point of view, ….
例︰从政治的观点来看,这是一个很复杂的问题。
From the political point, it is a problem.
必记高考重点动词
接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词
afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事
agree to do sth. 同意做某事
arrange to do sth.安排做某事
ask to do sth. 要求做某事
beg to do sth. 请求做某事
care to do sth. 想要做某事
choose to do sth. 决定做某事
decide to do sth. 决定做某事
demand to do sth. 要求做某事
determine to do sth. 决心做某事
expect to do sth. 期待做某事
fear to do sth. 害怕做某事
help to do sth. 帮助做某事
hope to do sth. 希望做某事
learn to do sth. 学习做某事
manage to do sth. 设法做某事
offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事
plan to do sth. 计划做某事
prepare to do sth. 准备做某事
pretend to do sth. 假装做某事
promise to do sth. 答应做某事
refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事
want to do sth. 想要做某事
wish to do sth. 希望做某事
注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词：
aim to do sth. 打算做某事
fail to do sth. 未能做某事
long to do sth. 渴望做某事
happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事
二、接不定式作宾补的36个常用动词
advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事 allow sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事 ask sb. to do sth.请（叫）某人做某事 bear sb. to do sth.忍受某人做某事 beg sb. to do sth. 请求某人做某事 cause sb. to do sth. 导致某人做某事
command sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事 drive sb. to do sth .驱使某人做某事 elect sb. to do sth. 选举某人做某事
encourage sb. to do sth. 鼓励某人做某事 expect sb. to do sth. 期望某人做某事 forbid sb. to do sth. 禁止某人做某事 force sb. to do sth. 强迫某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 使（要）某人做某事 hate sb. to do sth. 讨厌某人做某事 help sb. to do sth. 帮助某人做某事 intend sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事
leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事
like sb. to do sth. 喜欢某人做某事
mean sb. to do sth. 打算要某人做某事
need sb. to do sth. 需要某人做某事
oblige sb. to do sth. 迫使某人做某事
order sb. to do sth. 命令某人做某事
permit sb. to do sth. 允许某人做某事
persuade sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事
prefer sb. to do sth. 宁愿某人做某事
request sb. to do sth. 要求某人做某事
remind sb. to do sth. 提醒某人做某事
teach sb. to do sth .教某人做某事
tell sb. to do sth. 告诉某人做某事
train sb. to do sth. 训练某人做某事
trouble sb. to do sth. 麻烦某人做某事
want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事
warn sb. to do sth. 警告某人做某事
wish sb. to do sth. 希望某人做某事
注：不要受汉语意思的影响，下面的是正确的搭配：
“原谅某人做某事” excuse [forgive] sb. for doing sth.。 “希望某人做某事” wish sb. to do sth.。
“建议某人做某事” advise sb. to do sth.。
“安排某人做某事” arrange for sb. to do sth.。
“要求某人做某事” demand of sb. to do sth.。
“感谢某人做某事” thank sb. for doing sth.。
“祝贺某人做某事” congratulate sb. on doing sth.。 “阻止某人做某事” prevent sb. from doing sth.。
三、接动名词（不接不定式）作宾语的34个常用动词
admit doing sth. 承认做某事 advise doing sth. 建议做某事 allow doing sth. 允许做某事 appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事
avoid doing sth. 避免做某事
consider doing sth. 考虑做某事
delay doing sth. 推迟做某事
deny doing sth. 否认做某事
discuss doing sth. 讨论做某事
dislike doing sth. 不喜欢做某事
enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事
escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事
excuse doing sth. 原谅做某事
fancy doing sth. 设想做某事
finish doing sth. 完成做某事
forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事
forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
give up doing sth. 放弃做某事
imagine doing sth. 想象做某事
keep doing sth. 保持做某事
mention doing sth. 提及做某事
mind doing sth. 介意做某事
miss doing sth. 错过做某事
pardon doing sth. 原谅做某事
permit doing sth. 允许做某事
practice doing sth. 练习做某事
prevent doing sth. 阻止做某事
prohibit doing sth. 禁止做某事
put off doing sth. 推迟做某事
report doing sth. 报告做某事
risk doing sth. 冒险做某事
stop doing sth. 停止做某事
suggest doing sth. 建议做某事
understand doing sth. 理解做某事
四、接现在分词作宾补的20个常用动词 bring sb. doing sth.引起某人做某事 catch sb. doing sth. 碰上某人做某事 discover sb. doing sth. 发现某人做某事 feel sb. doing sth. 感觉某人做某事
find sb. doing sth. 碰上（撞上）某人做某事 get sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事
have sb. doing sth. 使某人做某事 hear sb. doing sth. 听见某人做某事
keep sb. doing sth. 使某人不停地做某事 listen to sb. doing sth. 听某人做某事 look at sb. doing sth. 看着某人做某事 notice sb. doing sth. 注意到某人做某事 observe sb. doing sth. 观察某人做某事 prevent sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 see sb. doing sth. 看见某人做某事
send sb. doing sth.使某人（突然）做某事 set sb. doing sth. 使（引起）某人做某事 start sb. doing sth. 使某人开始做某事 stop sb. doing sth. 阻止某人做某事 watch sb. doing sth. 观看某人做某事
五、接动词原形作宾补的11个常用动词
feel sb. do sth. 感觉某人做某事 have sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做某事 let sb. do sth.让某人做某事
listen to sb. do sth. 听着某人做某事 look at sb. do sth. 看着某人做某事 make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事
notice sb. do sth. 注意某人做某事
observe sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事
see sb. do sth. 看见某人做某事
watch sb. do sth. 观察某人做某事
六、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思相同的12个动词
like to do sth / like doing sth. 喜欢做某事 l
ove to do sth / love doing sth. 喜欢做某事
hate to do sth / hate doing sth. 憎恨做某事
prefer to do sth / prefer doing sth. 宁可做某事
begin to do sth / begin doing sth. 开始做某事
start to do sth / start doing sth. 开始做某事
continue to do sth / continue doing sth. 继续做某事
can’t bear to do sth / can’t bear doing sth. 不能忍受做某事
bother to do sth / bother doing sth.
麻烦做某事 intend to do sth / intend doing sth.想要做某事
attempt to do sth / attempt doing sth.
试图做某事 cease to do sth / cease doing sth. 停止做某事
七、接不定式或动名词作宾语意思不同的7个动词
（1） remember to do sth. 记住要做某事 remember doing sth. 记住曾做过某事
（2） forgetto do sth. 忘记要做某事 forget doing sth. 忘记曾做过某事
（3） regret to do sth. 后悔（遗憾）要做某事 regret doing sth. 后悔曾做过某事
（4） try to do sth. 设法要做某事 try doing sth. 做某事试试看有何效果
（5） mean to do sth. 打算做某事 mean doing sth. 意味着做某事
（6） can’t help to do sth. 不能帮助做某事 can’t help doing sth. 禁不住做某事
（7） go on to do sth. 做完某事后接着做另一事 go on doing sth. 继续做一直在做 注：stop to do sth. 与stop doing sth.也不同，前者指停下来去做某事，后者指停止正在做的事，但stop to do sth. 中的不定式不是宾语，是目的状语
八、可接双宾语的38个常用动词
（1） 双宾语易位时需借助介词to的常用动词
award sb. sth. = award sth. to sb. 颁奖给某人
bring sb. sth. = bring sth. to sb. 把某物带给某人
hand sb. sth. =hand sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
lend sb. sth. = lend sth. to sb. 把某物借给某人
mail sb. sth. = mail sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人
offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb. 将某物给某人
owe sb. sth. = owe sth. to sb. 欠某人某物
pass sb. sth. = pass sth. to sb. 把某物递给某人
pay sb. sth. = pay sth. to sb. 付给某人某物（钱）
post sb. sth. = post sth. to sb. 把某物寄给某人
read sb. sth. = read sth. to sb. 把某物读给某人听
return sb. sth. = return sth. to sb. 把某物还给某人
send sb. sth. = send sth. to sb. 把某物送给某人
sell sb. sth. = sell sth. to sb. 把某物卖给某人
serve sb. sth. = serve sth. to sb. 拿某物招待某人
show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb. 拿某物给某人看
take sb. sth. = take sth. to sb. 把某物拿给某人
teach sb. sth. = teach sth. to sb. 教某人某物 tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某情况
throw sb. sth. = throw sth. to sb. 把某物扔给某人 write sb. sth. = write sth. to sb. 给某人写信
（2） 双宾语易位时需借助介词for的常用动词 book sb. sth. = book sth. for sb. 为某人预定某物 buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb. 为某人买某物
choose sb. sth. = choose sth. for sb. 为某人选某物 cook sb. sth. = cook sth. for sb. 为某人煮某物 draw sb. sth. = draw sth. for sb. 为某人画某物 fetch sb. sth. = fetch sth. for sb. 为某人去取某物 find sb. sth. = find sth. for sb. 为某人找到某物 fix sb. sth. = fix sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 get sb. sth. = get sth. for sb. 为某人拿来某物 make sb. sth. = make sth. for sb. 为某人做某物 order sb. sth. = order sth. for sb. 为某人订购某物 pick sb. sth. = pick sth. for sb. 为某人采摘某物
prepare sb. sth. = prepare sth. for sb. 为某人准备某物 save sb. sth. = save sth. for sb. 为某人留某物
sing sb. sth. = sing sth. for sb. 为某人唱某物（歌） spare sb. sth. = spare sth. for sb. 为某人让出某物 steal sb. sth. = steal sth. for sb. 为某人偷某物
九、可用于“动词+sb+of sth”的8个常见动词
accuse sb. of sth. 控告某人犯某事罪，指责某人做某事
rid sb. of sth. 使某人摆脱某物
remind sb. of sth. 使某人想起某情况（事）
rob sb. of sth. 抢劫某人的某东西
cure sb. of sth. 治好某人的病，改掉某人的坏习惯 cheat sb. fo sth. 骗取某人某物
inform sb. of sth. 通知某人某情况（事）
warn sb. of sth. 警告某人有某情况
十、可用于“动词+sb+for doing sth”的8个常见动词
blame sb. for doing sth. 指责某人做某事
criticize sb. for doing sth. 批评某人做某事
forgive sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
excuse sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
pardon sb. for doing sth. 原谅某人做某事
punish sb. for doing sth. 惩罚某人做某事
thank sb. for doing sth. 感谢某人做某事
scold sb. for doing sth. 指责（责备）某人做某事 十二、容易误用作及物动词的9个不及物动词
误：deal a problem 正：deal with a problem 处理问题 误：depend sb. 正：depend on sb. 依靠（依赖）某人
误：insist doing sth. 正：insist on doing sth. 坚持要做某事 误：knock the door 正：knock on [at] the door 敲门 误：operate sb. 正：operate on sb. 为某人做手术
误：participate sth. 正：participate in sth. 参加某事
误：refer sth. 正：refer to sth. 查阅（参考）某物
误：rely sb. / sth. 正：rely on sb. / sth. 依靠（依赖）某人（某物 误：reply a letter 正：reply to a letter 回信
十三、容易误用作不及物动词的8个及物动词
误：serve for sb. 正：serve sb. 为某人服务
误：marry with sb. 正：marry sb. 与某人结婚
误：discuss about sth. 正：discuss sth. 讨论某事
误：mention about sth. 正：mention sth. 提到某事
误：enter into a room 正：enter a room 进入房间
误：contact with sb. 正：contact sb. 与某人联系
误：equal to sth. 正： equal sth. 等于某物
误：ring to sb. 正：ring sb. 给某人打电话
十四、17个常用“be+形容词+about”结构
be angry about 为…生气 be anxious about 为…担忧
be careful about 当心… be certain about 确信…
be curious about 对…好奇 be disappointed about 对…失望 be excited about 对…感到兴奋 be glad about 对…感到高兴 be happy about 为…感到高兴 be hopeful about 对…抱有希望 be mad about 对…入迷 be nervous about 为…感到不安 be particular about 对…讲究 be sad about 为…而难过
be serious about 对…认真 be sure about 对…有把握
be worried about 为…担忧
十五、10个常用“be+形容词+at”结构
be angry at 为…生气 be bad at 不善于…
be clever at 擅长于…be disappointed at 对…失望
be expert at 在…方面是内行be good at 善于…
be mad at 对…发怒be quick at 在…方面敏捷
be skilful at 在…方面熟练be slow at 在…方面迟钝
十六、18个常用“be+形容词+for”结构
be anxious for 渴望 be bad for 对…有害，对…不利
be bound for 前往 be celebrated for 以…出名
be convenient for 对…方便，在…附近 be eager for渴望 be famous for 因…闻名 be fit for 合适，适合
be good for 对…有益（方便） be grateful for 感谢
be hungry for 渴望得到 be late for 迟到
be necessary for 对…有必要 be ready for 为…准备好
be sorry for 因…抱歉 be suitable for 对…合适（适宜） be thankful for 因…而感激 be well-known for以…出名 十七、6个常用“be+形容词+from”结构
be absent from 缺席，不在 be different from 与…不同 be far from 离…远，远远不 be free from 没有，免受
be safe from 没有…的危险 be tired from 因…而疲劳
十八、13个常用“be+形容词+in”结构
be concerned in 与…有关 be disappointed in 对（某人）感到失望 be engaged in 从事于，忙于 be experienced in 在…方面有经验 be expert in 在…方面是行家 be fortunate in 在…方面幸运 be honest in 在…方面诚实 be interested in 对…感兴趣
be lack in 缺乏 be rich in 富于，在…方面富有
be skilful in 擅长于 be successful in 在…方面成功
be weak in 在…方面不行
十九、18个常用“be+形容词+of”结构
be afraid of 害怕 be ashamed of 为…感到羞愧
be aware of 意识到，知道 be capable of 能够，可以
be careful of 小心，留心 be certain of 确信，对…有把握 be fond of 喜欢 be free of 没有，摆脱
be full of 充满 be glad of 为…而高兴
be nervous of 害怕 be proud of 为…自豪
be short of 缺乏 be shy of 不好意思
be sick of 对…厌倦 be sure of 肯定，有把握
be tired of 对…厌烦 be worthy of 只得，配得上
二十、20个常用“be+形容词+to”结构
be accustomed to 习惯于 be blind to 对…视而不见
be close to 靠近，接近 be cruel to 对…残酷，对…无情 be devoted to 献身，专心于 be equal to 等于，能胜任 be familiar to 为（某人）所熟悉 be harmful to 对…有危害 be important to 对…重要 be open to 对…开放，易受到
be opposed to 反对，不赞成 be opposite to 在…对面，和…相反 be polite to 对…有礼貌 be related to 与…有关（是亲戚） be respectful to 尊敬 be rude to 对…无礼
be similar to 与…相似 be true to 忠实于，信守
be used to 习惯于 be useful to 对…有用
二十一、16个常用“be+形容词+with”结构
be angry with 对（某人）生气 be bored with 对…厌烦
be busy with 忙于 be careful with 小心
be concerned with 关于，与…有关 be content with 以…为满足
be delighted with 对…感到高兴 be disappointed with 对（某人）失望 be familiar with 熟悉，精通 be honest with 对（某人）真诚 be ill with 患…病 be patient with 对（某人）有耐心
be pleased with 对…满意（高兴） be popular with 受…欢迎 be satisfied with 对…满意 be strict with 对（某人）严格
二十二、24个常用“in+其他词+of”结构
in advance of 在…前面 in aid of 帮助
in behalf of 为了，为了…的利益 in case of 如果，万一，以防 in celebration of 庆祝 in charge of 负责，管理
in commemoration of 纪念，庆祝 in defence of 保卫
in explanation of 解释 in face of 面对
in favour of 赞成，主张 in front of 在…前面
in honor of 纪念，祝贺，欢迎 ?in memory of 纪念
in need of 需要 in place of 代替
in possession of 拥有 in praise of 称赞
in respect of 关于，就…而言 in search of 寻找，搜找
in sight of 看得见，在看见…的地方 in spite of 虽然，尽管
in support of 为了支持（拥护）… in view of 鉴于，考虑到 注：同时注意一下相似结构：
in exchange for 作为对…的交换 in preparation for 为…作准备
in return for 作为…的报答 in reward for 作为…的报酬
in addition to 加之，除…之外 in answer to 回答，响应
in contrast to [with] 与…形成对比 in opposition to 与…相反，反对 in reply to 作为对…的回答（答复） in response to 回答，响应 in [with] reference to 关于 in [with] regard to 关于
二十三、27个带to doing sth.的常用结构
1． 动词+介词to+动名词
（1） admit to doing sth. 承认做了某事
（2） apply to doing sth. 适用于做某事
（3） object to doing sth. 反对做某事
（4） see to doing sth. 负责做某事
（5） stick to doing sth. 坚持做某事
（6） take to doing sth. 喜欢上做某事，逐渐习惯做某事
2．动词+宾语+介词to+动名词
（1） apply oneself to doing sth. 专心致力于做某事
（2） devote sth. to doing sth. 把…献给做某事
（3） devote oneself to doing sth. 献身于做某事
（4） limit sth. to doing sth. 把…限制在做某事的范围内
（5） reduce sb. to doing sth. 使某人沦为做某事
3．动词+名词+介词to+动名词
（1） give one’s life to doing sth. 献身于做某事
（2） give one’s mind to doing sth. 专心做某事
（3） have a dislike to doing sth. 厌恶做某事
（4） have an eye to doing sth. 注意做某事
（5） have an objection to doing sth. 反对（反感）做某事
（6） pay attention to doing sth. 注意做某事
（7） set one’s mind to doing sth. 决心做某事
4．be+形容词+介词to+动名词
（1） be equal to doing sth. 等于做某事，能胜任做某事
（2） be used to doing sth. 习惯于做某事
（3） be opposed to doing sth. 反对做某事
（4） be reduced to doing sth. 使某人沦为做某事
（5） be devoted to doing sth. 把时间（钱，精力等）献给做某事
（6） be limited to doing sth. 把…限制在做某事的范围内
5．其他结构+介词to+动名词
（1） get down to doing sth. 开始做某事，认真处理某事
（2） look forward to doing sth. 盼望做某事
（3） What do you say to doing sth? 你认为做某事如何？ 一点中学生必备的30句名言-----受益无穷
1.Every man is the architect of his own fortune.
每一个人都是自身幸福的建筑师。
2.Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.
世上无难事，只要人肯试。
3.Many a little makes a mickle.
积少便成多。
4.Courage and resolution are the spirit and soul of virtue. 勇敢和坚决是美德的灵魂。
5.Great hopes make great man.
远大的希望造就伟大的人物。
6.Rome was not built in a day.
罗马并非一日可建成；坚持必成。
7.Success belongs to the persevering.
胜利属于坚忍不拔的人。
8.We must repeat a thousand and one times that perseverance is the only road to success.
我们要多次重申：不屈不挠是取得胜利的唯一道路。
9.Perseverance is failing nineteen times and succeeding the twentieth. 十九次失败，到第二十次获得成功，这就叫坚持。
10.Patience and application will carry us through.
忍耐和专心会使我们度过难关。
11.Fortune often rewards with interest those that have patience to wait for her. 做事只要有耐心，到头总会有好运；耐心候好运，好运常会来。
12.All things will come round to him who will but wait.
只要肯等待，一切都会按时来。
13.Constant dropping wears the stone.
滴水不绝可穿石。
14.Where there is life,there is hope.
生命不息，希望长在。
15.Life is not all beer and skittles.
人生并不全是吃喝玩乐。
16.Misfortune is a good teacher.
不幸是良好的教师。
17.Live and learn.
活到老，学到老。
18.It is never too old to learn.
为学不怕年高。
19.A man becomes learned by asking questions. 要长学问，就得多问；多问则业精。
20.There is no royal road to learning.
学问无坦途。
21.He who is ashamed of asking is ashamed of learning. 畏问之人耻于学。
22.What is learned in the cradle lasts till the grave. 婴孩时期学到的东西，老死不会忘记。
23.Learning makes a good man better and ill man worse. 知识能使好人更好，坏人更坏。
24.Soon learnt,soon forgotten.
学得快，忘得快。
25.Learn young,learn fair.
为学趁年青，既学须学好。
26.A lazy youth,a lousy age.
少时懒惰老来苦。
27.He that knows nothing,doubts nothing.
无知即无疑。
28. Adversity successfully overcome is the highest glory. 成功地克服困难是最大的光荣。
29. The chief aim of man is not to get money. 人的主要目的并不是赚钱。
30. A friend in need is a friend indeed.
患难时的朋友才是真正的朋友。
20xx年高考考前点播系列之
揭开高考英语单项填空的神秘面纱
高考单项填空题所考察的语言知识点多，覆盖面广，且突出语境化因素，旨在考查考生记忆、理解、掌握中学阶段所学基础语法、基本词汇以及习语的熟练程度和灵活运用语言的能力。考生除了必须具备扎实的基础外，还要有科学的解题方法。
1.句子结构还原法
英语中的许多句子会以各种结构出现，如倒装句，强调句等。试题还常以变化句型的方式来增加语境和句子结构的复杂性。因此考生平时就留意它们的特征，透过复杂的语言环境，结合语法分析看透题目的意图。正确的方法有：
1）将疑问句、感叹句还原为陈述句
(1) What great difficulty we had_____ her!
A. persuade B. to persuade C. persuading D. persuaded
分析：C。易选D。此句考查感叹句式。可先将此句还原为陈述句式：We had great difficulty______ her.由have difficulty(in) doing sth.知C项符合条件。
(2) Is this the reason _______ at the meeting for his carelessness in his work?(2002上海春招)
A. he explained B. what he explained C. how he explained D. why he explained
分析：A。易选D，考生依据常见搭配the reason why；处理此题首先应该将句子还原为正常语序，即：this is the reason_____ at the meeting ...。he explained前省略了一个that，that引导的是一个定语从句。
(3) Who would you rather have________the report instead of you?
A. to write B. write C. writing D. written
2）将倒装句、强调句还原为正常语序
(3) Mary thought that it was______ that Jane did her to lend her the beautiful car.
A. possible B. kind C. necessary D. a favor
分析：D。句中的宾语从句是一个强调句式。将其转换为非强调句式: Mary thought that Jane did her______ to lend her the beautiful car. do sb a favor是习惯搭配,意为“帮某人一个忙”,由此可以确定D为正确答案?
(4)______ you eat the correct foods ______ be able to keep fit and stay healthy. （2008江苏卷）
A. only if; will you B. Only if; you will C. Unless; will you D. Unless; you will
分析：A。本题考查倒装句式。先将其转换为正常语序：You will be able to keep fit
and stay healthy only if you eat the correct foods.由于是对主句进行倒装，所以选A。
3）将省略句还原为完整句
省略句可用于简单句及复合句，它的使用虽然能使句子更加简洁，但有时使人理解困难。在近年来的高考题中已多次出现省略句的考点。条件状语从句、时间状语从句等常用省略形式。解题时应根据语境逻辑需要将被省略的内容补齐，从而达到正确理解的目的。
(1)—Have you known Dr. Jackson for a long time?
—Yes, since she ______ the Chinese Society. （全国I卷）
A. has joined B. joins C. had joined D. joined
分析：D。该题考查since时间状语从句中的动词时态。将第二句补充完整为：Yes, I have known since she _____ the Chinese Society.主句为现在完成时，since的从句常用一般过去时。
(2) One of the sides of the board should be painted yellow, and __________.(2000春季招生)
A. the other is white B. another white C. the other white D. another is white
分析：C。易选A或D两项。C项补充完整应是the other should be painted white。A项中少了painted，B及D项中不能用another，因为木板只有两面，两面中的另一面只能用the other。
(3) When first _______ to the market, these products enjoyed great success. (2004全国Ⅱ卷)
A. introducing B. introduced C. introduce D. being introduced
分析：B。将从句补充完整应为：When they were first introduced to the market。D项为进行时的被动语态，表示正在进行，与题意不符。
(4)---What should I do with this passage?
----_________the main idea of each paragraph.
A. Find out B. Finding out C. To find out D. Having find out
(5)-----What made her so sad?
-----_____________.
A. She lost her money B. Losing her money C. She had lost her money D. Because she lost her money
(6)Many volunteers are taking part in the construction of the library, which, when _________,will open to the public.
A. to be finished B. finished C. finishing D. having been finished
4）将冗长题干还原为简单题干
命题者往往有意设置一些无效附加信息，使题干复杂化。在解决这类题时，不妨将这些无效附加信息大胆合理地舍去，这样有利于抓住试题主干，为准确求解扫除障碍。
(1)The other day, my brother drove his car down the street at ______ I thought was a dangerous speed. (2004上海春招)
A. as B. which C. what D. that
分析：C。该题考查名词性从句连接词的选用。插入语I thought可以舍去不看，at后面的宾语从句中缺少主语，因而填what。What在名词性从句中作主语、宾语或表语；D项that在名词性从句总补充当任何成分。
(2)The managers discussed the plan that they would like to see ______ the next year. (2000全国卷）
A. carry out B. carrying out C. to carry out D. carried out
分析：D。先将此句改变为两个简单句: The managers discussed the plan. 和They would like to see the plan_______ the next year. 这样我们就发现空白处应该用过去分词作宾语补足语,表示被动意义,从而可以判断出C项为正确答案?
(3) The farm as well as its neighbouring hills we once spent so much time _______on a new look as rencently as last year.
A. on has taken B. has taken C. on having taken D. having taken
(4)It‘s dangerous to let children who are ________go swimming in the river.
A. too young to B. so young C. not old enough to D. so old
(5)The old man insisted that the book Mr. Thompson talked about_______.
A. was worth reading B. was worth to be read C. being worth reading D. be worth reading
(6)Is _____48 hours _____that man-made satellite_______is made in our country to orbit the planet around?
A. it; that; where B. it; when ; that C. it for; that it takes; that D. it ; that it takes; which
5) 将被动式题干还原为主动式题干
The teacher said time should be made good use of _______ our lessons well.
A. learning B. learn C. to learn D. being learned
分析：C。考生易选A，受介词后接动名词短语形式影响。题干可以还原为：The teacher said we should make good use of time _______ our lessons well.很明显空白处所填应表示目的。
2.语境分析法
语境即一定的语言环境。近年的高考题往往自然、巧妙地设置一定的语言情景或故意隐蔽某些有效的信息。考生仅凭语法和词汇知识来判断某些单项填空题往往很难做出正确选择，只有分析具体的语言情境，同时要注意中西文化的差异，才能找出答案。
(1) —Could I ask you a rather personal question?
—Sure, ____. (2008全国卷II)
A. pardon me B. go ahead C. good idea D. forget it
分析：B。由答语sure推知回答者答应对方的请求，go ahead这里意为“问吧”。
(2) —Good evening. Huangshan Hotel.
—Good evening. ______________? （2008安徽卷）
A. Do you still have a room for tonight B. What would you like, please
C. Is there anything I can do for you D. Who is that speaking, please 分析：该题考查情境交际。由语境知，这是一电话对话。Huangshan Hotel.是旅馆前台人员的回答，故应排除B、C两项。由第一句可知，后者应试电话者，故只能是咨询“是否有房间？”因而A项符合语境。D项与宾馆无关。
(3) A cook will be immediately fined if he is found ______ in the kitchen.
A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked
分析：B。动词不定式表示将要发生的动作,过去分词表示完成?被动的动作,现在分词表示正在进行的动作?从语境“倘若厨师被发现在厨房里抽烟,他将马上被开除”可知,选项B为正确答案?
(4)-----You were out when I dropped in on you this morning.
------I _________for the airport to see a friend off.
A. have left B. left C. had left D. was leaving
(5)I agree with most of what you said, but I don‘t agree with_______.
A. everything B. anything C. something D. nothing
3. 标点暗示法
标点符号在高考试题中占有一席之地。它在单选题干中看似微不足道，但其作用不可忽视，特别是在定语从句或分词作状语等的结构时。其中分号有并列连词的功能。高中阶段的并列连词有and, but ,so for ,or .看到并列连词说明两个句子是并列的，如果没有并列连词，就要考虑用从句，非谓语动词，独立主格结构等。破折号表示解释说明。
(1) ________ to reach them on the phone, we sent an email instead. （2008重庆卷）
A. Fail B. Failed C. To fail D. Having failed
分析：D该题考查非谓语动词。由题中的逗号可知，前面应是一个非谓语动词结构而非句子，we与fail形成主动关系，且“失败”发生在“发email”之前，故用现在分词的完成时作状语。
(2) The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of factors, _____ are beyond our control.（2008湖南卷）
A. most of them B. most of which C. most of what D. most of that
分析：B。该题考查非限制性定语从句。因为题干中逗号没有连词，所以不可能是个并列句，由此排除A项；又因为what, that不能引导非限制性定语从句，故选B。
(3)Please do me a favour-------________my roommate David that I am leaving for Shanghai and stay there for two days.
A. to inform B. informing C. inform D. informed
(4)①Not far from the club there was a garden, ________owner seated in it playing games with his childen every afternoon.
②Not far from the club there was a garden, ________owner is seated in it playing games with his childen every afternoon.
③Not far from the club there was a garden, and________owner is seated in it playing games with his childen every afternoon.
A.whose B.its C.which D.that
(5) He wrote five novels, two of _______translated into English.
He wrote five novels, two of _______ were translated into English.
He wrote five novels, and two of _______ were translated into English.
A. it B. them C. which D. that
4.突破思维定式法(防止有陷阱就往里跳)
思维定式即以习惯的方式解决问题的思路。命题者常利用考生熟悉的句型结构、固定搭配或母语等巧设陷阱，给考生造成假象。解题中，注意正确理解句意，克服思维定势才是解题的关键。
(1) _____ the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.（2008湖南卷）
A. Completing B. Complete C. Completed D. To complete
分析：D。此题考生易选A。究其原因，他们认为complete和we形成主动关系，故而用现在分词结构，却不知此处是表示目的。
(2) _____ is known to us all is that the 2008 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.（2008福建卷）
A. It B. What C. As D. Which
分析：B。该题考察名词性从句。考生易选A或C，误把it当初形式主语，或将题目看成常见的as is known to …引导的非限制性定语从句，而没有看清前面是个主语从句且主语从句中又少主语，这里只有what有这个功能。
(3) The home improvements have taken what little there is_______ my spare time. (NMET 2001)
A. from B. in C. of D. at
分析：C。很多考生误选了B项?考生是受了in one’s spare time这个习惯搭配的干扰而不知道此处的what little与my spare time构成的是所有关系,即部分与整体的关系?
(4)We should stop pollution_________ longer.
A.from living B.to live C.living D will live
（5）Peter was so excited ________he received an invitation from his friend to visit Chongqing
A．where B.that C.why D.when
(6)We should do more such exercises in the future , I think, ______those we did yesterday.
A.as B.like C.about D.than
(9)-Where did you get the information of the course?
-It was on the Internet_____different types of courses are advertised.
A. that B. where C. whose D. which
(10)Mr. King, ________car the little boy goes to kindergarten every day is his fellow friend‘s father.
A. whose B. in whose C. which D. in which
(11)We could not afford to buy the books because ______of us had _____money on us.
A. all ; no B. none ; any C. any; no D. no one; any
(12) Everyone here will thank the firefighter for the things they have done to prevent fires______the environment safer.
A. make B. to making C, to make D. from making
5.固定搭配法
固定搭配法就是根据词与词的搭配关系来找某问题答案的方法。常见的是一些特定的句型、句式和某些固定的短语搭配等。
(1) It is often said that the joy of traveling is ____ in arriving at your destination ____ in the journey itself. （2008江苏卷） A. / … but B. / … or C. not … or
D. not … but
分析：D。本题考查的是固定搭配。not … but …是固定词组，意为“不是……而是……”。
(2) You have no idea how she finished the relay race ____ her foot wounded so much.(2008福建)
A. for B. when C. with D. while
分析：C。本题考查with的复合结构用法。with+名词+形容词，with的复合结构在句中做状语，表示谓语动作发生的伴随情况、时间、原因、方式等。其它三项均为连词，应接句子。
(3) I _____ it as a basic principle of the company that suppliers of raw materials
should be given a fair price for their products. （2008江西卷） A. make B. look
C. take D. think
分析：C。本题考查固定短语的用法。take …as “把…当作…”，题中it 做形式宾语。
(4) I wonder _______got him the job, his fluency in English or his good looks .
A. which was it that B. what this was that C. which it was that D. how it was
(5)Mr .Wang made up his mind to devote all he could________his oral English before going abroad。A.improve B。to improve C.improving D.to improving
(6)Before he went abroad , he spent as much time as he________English.
A.could learning B.learned C.to learn D.could learn
(7)You can imagine what great difficulty I have ________your house.
A.found B.finding C.to find D.for finding
(8)Who is it up______decide whether to go or not.
A.to to B.for for C.to for D.for to
(9).Time should be made good use of_________our lessons well.
A.learning B.learned C.to learn D.having learned
(10)It was ________the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home
A.repair B.repairing C.to repair D.in repair
(11)_________occurred to me that the murder happened_____a rainy day.
A. What; in B. What ; on C. It; in D. It; on
(12)It‘s high time that we _______our work and ______supper now.
A. stop; have B. stopped; had C. stop; should have D. stopped; have
6.逻辑推理法
有时考生需要将选项放入句中看前后的意思是否通顺，是否符合上下文逻辑，通过逻辑来选出正确答案。
(1) —Hi, Mark. How was the musical evening?
—Excellent! Ales and Andy performed _______ and they won the first prize.（2008安徽卷）
A. skillfully B. commonly C. willingly D. nervously
分析：A。由excellent以及后半句的won the first prize推知空白处的词应该是赞扬Ales 和Andy的表现，具有迷惑性的C项表示“自愿地”，不符合题意。A项skillfully意为“技术高超地”，符合题意。
(2) In some places women are expected to earn money ____ men work at home and raise their children. (2008四川卷)
A. but B. while C. because D. though
分析：B。本句前半句意思是“某些地方女人被期待去挣钱”，后半句意为“男人在家工作并抚养孩子”，可见两部分意思形成对比，此处while相当于and at the same time。
7.语法分析法
对基本语法的灵活运用是高考单项填空考查的一个主要内容。解题时必须仔细分析句子结构后，注意句子前后的一致性，如主谓一致、时态一致、代词一致等，并且快速划分出意群，弄清句子结构，找出所缺句子的成分，这样才有利于问题的解决。
(1)______wants to stay in a hotel has to pay their own way. （2008浙江卷）
A. Anyone B. The one C. Whoever D. Who
分析：C。本题考查名词性从句。分析语法成分可知…has to pay their own way中缺少主语。该主语由主语从句充当，再分析主语从句，知从句缺少主语，而这里只有whoever能既引导从句，又在从句中作主语，相当于anyone who。
(2) Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers ______ consumer complaints have resulted in changes in the law.（2008江西卷）
A. where B. when C. who D. which
分析：A。该句考查定语从句。划分意群知主句是：Later in this chapter cases will be introduced to readers.后半部分是个分割式定语从句，先行词是cases。因为定语从句只缺少地点状语，故选where。
8.比较、排除法
比较是对语法知识、词义、相似结构进行比较，最后选出正确答案。排除法不能单独使用，它只是前几种方法的补充，因为排除某一选项必须依据固定搭配和句子结构才能进行。
(1) I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long, but it’ll still be some time ____ Brian get back. (2008北京卷)
A. before B. since C. till D. after
分析：A。考查连词及相似句型的辨析。It is some time before 是一个句型，表示“在之前还有一段时间”。考生还要注意区别一下四个相似句型：
1）It will be/was+一段时间+before…表示“……才”或“……就”；
2)It has been/is+时间段+since…表示“自……以来已有多长时间”；
3)It is/was +时间点+when…表示“当……时，时间是……”，when引导时间状语从句；
4)It is/was +强调部分+that/who…为强调句式。
(2) This is such a wonderful film _____ we have never seen．
A. that B. as C. which D. what
分析：B。易错选A。注意区分such…that和such…as的用法。在such... that引导的结果状语从句中， that不充当句子成分， 而在such... as引导的定语从句中， as常作定语从句的主语或宾语。此题seen后缺少一个宾语， 故后面是一个定语从句。
(3) _________in thought， he almost ran into the car in front of him.
A. Losing B. Having lost C. Lost D. To lose
分析：C。“in thought”意为“在思考中”，表状态，所以所填的非谓语动词不能是V-ing形式，排除A项和B项；D项To lose置于句首常表示目的，与题意不符；Lost为过去分词相当于形容词，与本题相符，故C项正确。
9. 综合分析法
上述每一种解题方法绝不是唯一的，各种方法之间的关系是互补的，是相互渗透的。因此在解题过程中，灵活、巧妙地使用多种方法往往较只用一种方法效果更好，而命题人越来越倾向于从多角度、综合地考查考生的知识水平。因此，解体时要瞻前顾后，通盘考虑。
As we all know, every minute, _____ full use of_____ our lessons, will do good to us students.
A. which makes; studying B. when made; to study
C. that is made; study D. that is made; studying
分析:B。 此题题干很长,但分析句子结构可知,其主句应该为：As we all know, every minute will do good to us students. every minute后面又有一个由when引导的省略的状语从句?若将其补全,则应为: When [every minute is] made full use of to study our lessons.可以将被动语态转换为主动语态,即: When we students make full use of every minute to study our lessons ... ，这样就不难选出答案了。
10. 口诀法
（1）-----Where is that _________tie I bought last month?
-----Can’t you remember giving it to Rachel as a wedding gift？
A. silk new black B. new silk black C. new black silk D. black new silk
形容词的排列顺序口诀：限定描绘大长高，形状年龄与新老，颜色国籍出材料，作用类别往后靠
1.在记忆介词but，except后接不定式时带不带to这个知识点时，有同学编了一句话“Do与to不共戴天”，即“有do无to,无do 有to”,就彻底解决了这一问题。即在含介词but的句型中，but前有do，则but后的不定式不能带to；相反，but前若找不到do，则but后的不定式必定带to.例如：
She could do nothing but cry.她只好哭了。（她除了哭以外别的什么也不能做。） I have no choice but to accept the fact.我别无选择，只好接受这个事实。
2.在记忆表“某国人”的名词的单复数是否加“s”时，我们可记住这一句话：中日不变，英法不变，其他“s”加后边。即Chinese，Japanese单复数同形；Englishman，Frenchman的复数为Englishmen，Frenchmen；其他像German，American，Australian等的复数形式是在后面加“s”。
3.lie lay lain躺／lay laid laid放下；产蛋／lie lied lied撒谎，这几个词在拼写上很容易混淆，有人编了这样的口诀：规则的“撒谎”，不规则的“躺”，“躺”过就“下蛋”，“下蛋”不规则。“规则”指规则变化，“不规则”即不规则变化，如lie作“撒谎”解时，是规则变化，即其过去式和过去分词直接加－d；“躺过”的“过”指的是过去式，即lie的过去式lay是“下蛋”的原形；“下蛋”是不规则变化。 He lay there lying that the hen laid an egg.
4. 感观使役动词记忆和使用口诀
二听四看一感觉，使役动词有三个,或：一感二听三使四看。
一感；feel 二听：hear,listen to 三使：make ,let ,have
四看：look at,see,watch,notice
使用口诀：感使动词真奇怪，to在句中象妖怪。 主动句里它走开，被动句里它回来。 动词let要除外，to词可来可不来。
11.句子结构分析法：有些试题本来十分简单，但是命题者却通过使用定语从句，或者将我们十分熟悉的固定词组有意拆开，重新组合，使我们在结构上产生错觉。
1.-Where do you think________he_______the computer?
-Sorry, I have no idea.
A.had ; bought B.has ; bought C.did; buy D./; bought
注意：在do you think/believe/suppose/imagine 与特殊疑问词连用时， 习惯把他们放在特殊疑问词的后面， 句子语序用陈述语序。
2.Everything he______away from him before he returned to his hometown
A.took B.had been taken C.had had been taken D.had taken
3.Please tell me the way you thought of__________the garden.
A.take care of B.to take care of C.taking care of D.how to take care of
4. It is said that the footballer is willing to play for ________will pay him three million dollars per year.
A. whoever B. whomever C.anyone D. no matter who
5. The majority of people here agree that there_____a bus stop near the house will be a great advantage.
A. was B. have been C. having been D. being
6. This is the main use that the scientists make _______natural resources.
A. in B. up of C, from D. of
12.区分短暂性动词与延续性动词的正确使用
（1）-How long have you been there?
-______the end of last month.
A.In B.By C.At D.Since
(2)until 用于肯定句， 主句用延续性动词；用于否定句，主句用短暂性动词 I will wait until he comes back.
I won‘t leave until he comes back.
（3）since 与短暂性动词连用，“自从做某事多长时间了”
since 与延续性动词连用，“自从不做某事多长时间了”
It is three years since I began to smoke.
It is three years since I smoked.
(4)while 从句的动词须用延续性动词
13.注意连词的一词多义的使用(连词的一次多用法)
（1）How can they learn so much __________they spend such a lot of time hanging about ?
A.although B.when C.before D.until
(2)-_______advertisemnets are of great help , I don‘t think we should rely on them entirely.
A.since B.because C.while. D.as
.注意：
when :当……的时候；既然；这时突然；在……之后；虽然然而可是；
Call me when you have finished在……之后
She claimed to be eighteen , when I know he is only sixteen. 虽然然而可是 While：当……的时候；然而；尽管虽然
before在……之前；还没来得及，还未……就；才；不到……就；趁着还没有……就； as：虽然，用于倒装；正如；按照；随着；一边一边；由于，因为；介词作为
14. 抓关键词（短语）法,抓住“题眼”
1.We should do more such exercises in the future , I think, ______those we did yesterday.
A.as B.like C.about D.than
2.Such a problem exists because adequate measures for preventing it _______taken in the past.
A. was not B. has not C. were not D. had not been
3. An accident , _______occur the other day.
A. did B.do C. will D. had to
4. Why not try your luck downtown, Bob?That’s ______the best jobs are.(2007浙江)
A. where B . what C .when D. why
5.- The problem isn‘t difficult for the children to work out , is it?
-__________. Perhaps they should have been given a more difficult one.
A. Yes, it is B. Yes ,it isn‘t C. No, it is D. No, it isn‘t
6. If you_______the medicine, you ________better now.
A. took; would feel B. had taken ; felt C. had taken ; would feel D. took; would have felt
7. Generally speaking, parents prefer to rent a house near a school _____the year rather than monthly in order to accompany their children for long.
A. within B. by C. during D. in
15. 注意英汉文化差异，排除母语干扰法。
在日常的英语学习中，必须重视对英语国家文化背景的了解， 注意汉语和英语在风俗习惯上的差异。一定要注意避免受母语影响而出现“汉语式”的表达。在高考中有很多试题这一点而设的，所以要特别小心。
-I apologize for not being able to join you for dinner.
-________, we‘ll get together later.
A. Go ahead B. Not to worry C. That‘s right D. Don‘t mention it
答案B. 选择项D 符合汉语的回答习惯“别提了”。一般用于别人道谢时候的回答，翻译成“不客气”
句意：没有能和你一起吃饭深表歉意。 不必担心，我们以后还有机会一起吃。
巩固练习：
1. You cannot imagine what great trouble I took ______ your house.
A. to find B. finding C. found D. having found
2. ______we are ______ our achievements after so many years‘ efforts.
A. How proud; of B. What proud; in
C. How proud; in D. What proud; of
3.—What have you _______ air, Tom?
—Basketball.
A. have filled with B. had filled with C. had filled of D. to have filled
4. Is this hotel _____ you said we were to stay in your letter?
A. where B. which C. in that D. in which
5.—If your radio doesn’t work, who will you _______to repair it？
—_______fits for the job.
A. have; Anyone who B. get; Whoever
D. hope; Anyone C. suggest; The one who
6.—Do you know ______ he went to Beijing?
—Yes, I do, he went there by plane.
A. how B. when C. that D. if
7. Is there a library around __________ I can borrow a book for reference?
A. that B. which C. where D. what
8. What made him glad was that the theory he had stuck to______ wrong.
A. turned out B. turning out C. was turned out D. to be turned out
9.—How did you sleep last night?
—Wonderful. Never slept___.
A. well B. better C. best D. a better
10._____ the financial crisis_____ has caused many people to lose jobs so far broke out last year came as a great shock to the whole world.
A. That; what B. What; that C. Which; that D. That; which
11. When_________ why he was late, he made no answer.
A. questioned B. questioning C. asking questions D. question
12. There were a lot of people in the reading room, most of_____ seated there chatting and laughing.
A. them B. whom C. that D. which
13. The teacher often tells him to spend as much time as he_____ his lessons.
A. can do to study B. can studying C. can to study D. possible to study
14. _____in a peaceful way, the long war between the two countries ended at last.
A. To settle B. Settle C. Settling D. Settled
15. It is in the company______ you referred to______ this kind of beer is produced.
A. which; where B. which; that C. where; that D. that; which
16. The prize will come to _________comes first in the competition.
A. who B. whom C. whoever D. whomever
17. It is such a difficult problem _______ no one can work out.
A. as B. that C. so D. thus
18. _________ and you‘ll succeed in time.
A. If you try again B. Trying once more C. Another try D. To try again
19.—Does your brother serve in the army?
—No, not now. But he ________ in the army for 8 years.
A. would serve B. served C. had served D. was serving
20. To our great______, Mary‘s illness proved not to be as serious as we had feared.
A. anxiety B. relief C. view D. judgment
21. Not until his parents turned off the TV, _________________.
A. did he go to bed B. didn‘t he go to bed
C. he did go to bed D. he didn‘t go to bed
22. Don‘t you know that your school is, as a matter of fact, ______ used to be a church?
A. where B. what C. that D. which
23.—How long do you suppose it is______ he arrived here?
—No more than half a week.
A. since B. before C. after D. when
24.—People should be encouraged to use public transport instead of cars.
—__________. The roads are really too crowded.
A. All right B. No problem C. Go ahead D. Exactly
25.—Has Sam finished his homework today?
—I have no idea. He ________ it this morning.
A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had done
26. It is not what you say is right but what you do _______ is of importance.
A. which B. it C. that D. this
27. A warm thought came to me _______ I might give my book to the poor girl.
A. if B. when C. that D. which
Key: 1-5: AABAB 6-10:ACABD 11-15:AACDB 16-20:CACBB 21-27: ABADC CC 附单词记忆法
记单词，要“五到”，眼嘴手脑齐开炮；读写背默各几遍，印象清晰记得牢。(“五到”记忆法)
(2)记过单词莫靠边，几天之后再看看；似忘非忘又温习，反反复复印心间。(循环记忆法)
(3)单词多了别心烦，分片分组来攻占；五个一组先吃掉，几组连成一大片。(分组记忆法)
(4)结合词组句子记，有情有景有意义；重点段落须背诵，理解深刻有乐趣。(理解记忆法)
(5)要想单词不写错，语音一关还得过；读音规律掌握好，拼写自然少差错。(语音记忆法)
(6)分类归纳便于记，同类词汇放一起；bike，plane和jeep，归到交通工具里。(归纳记忆法)
(7)同义近义反义词，辨析对比来记忆，比较对照才开窍，印象深刻记得牢。(对比记忆法)
(8)单词长了容易忘，卡片纸条来帮忙；mathematics不好记，纸条贴到《数学》上。(卡片记忆法)
(9)构词法，要学习，前缀后缀有规律；转换常把词类变，合成本是二合一。(构词记忆法)
(10)课外读物有情趣，单词复现便于记；只要坚持常阅读，一举几得大有益。(阅读记忆法)
20xx年高考英语最后一讲 ○内部交流
高三英语考前辅导材料
同学们：
高考的钟声即将敲响，号角即将响起！经过高三阶段系统、全面的复习，你们在英语方面取得了很大的进步。其实，复习到现在，你们已经准备得相当充分了，只要你充满信心走进考场，胜利就在向你招手。
在考试前认真反思一下各个题型的答题技巧比做几道练习更重要。但愿这套英语考前指导材料能对你们有所帮助。长风破浪，直济沧海；蟾宫折桂，舍我其谁？就让我们跺掉脚上的灰尘，拍着自己坚实的胸膛，向高考宣战！预祝大家在20xx年高考中超越自我，创造六月辉煌！
听力篇
一、听力测试的应试步骤
1． 放松 放松情绪和集中精力并不矛盾，过于紧张的情绪有碍考生的正常发挥；反之，放松一下情绪，比如考前的深呼吸或闭目片刻都可使考生心情平静下来，一旦开始播音，考生便很容易进入答题状态。
2． 预览 考生应充分利用播音前及中间间歇时间预览听力题的题干和选项，并对听力材料的话题内容进行预测，这是考生在听力测试中应掌握的一个重要步骤。
3． 预测
（1）听前预测
①根据题干信息进行预测 语言交际离不开语境。比如：在学校，常出现教师和学生的谈话，谈论内容通常为学习、考试、作业等问题；在医院，常出现医生和病人的谈话，谈论内容多为病情、治疗、健康等问题。如果我们从题干中获取了某些方面的信息，就可以预测对话的语境、人物身份及对话的大体内容。这种方法尤其适用于回答询问对话发生的地点、谈话人之间的关系及各自职业的试题。
②抓住关键词进行预测 对于一些询问说话人行为状态、事件原因以及推断性的题目来说，所给选项的句子一般较长，成分也较复杂，预测语言信息较难。对这类题目可采用比较选项，分清相同点与不同点，特别要注意各选项中重复出现的关键词汇，从关键词入手，对要听的内容进行预测。
（2）听中预测
①根据关联词进行预测 使用不同的关联词可导致表达的内容迥然不同。
例如 20xx年高考（北京卷）试题第一节第2小题：
W：Can you tell us what you like doing in the evening？
M：Well, I like music. I listen to a lot of pop music, but most of all I like watching TV. It’s much better than reading a book.
Question：What is the man’s favorite free time activity？
A． Watching TV．B． Reading a book．C． Listening to music．
不少学生刚听了前半句，就选择了C这一答案。然而，若多注意预测能力的培养，留意关联词，就不会只听半句话就匆匆选择，而应在听到but一词后，立即联想到这是在否定前面的观点，并由“most of all”引出了问题的答案应是A。
②根据信号词进行预测
(2009南通三模)5. Where does the conversation take place?
A.
B.
C.
Text: In a tourist office. In a doctor‘s office. In an employment office.
M: Here is my CV. There are three copies.
W: Have you brought your certificate as well.
M: No, I haven‘t. I am awfully sorry. Can I send them to you.
W: Yes, that‘ll be all right. Now let‘s talk about the post.
4． 答题原则
（1）弃前保后，弃小保大 考生在听力测试中，遇到前面有听不懂的地方不必惊慌，可暂时放下此题，听好后面的内容，集中精力捕捉后面的信息。
（2）随听随记，把握信息 听力材料中的一些数字、地名或人名等细节信息仅凭大脑短时记忆是不够的，需借助笔记。记笔记应提纲挈领，只记主题句和关键词，对有把握的一些信息，不必浪费精力和时间去记，而应利用剩余的时间掠读试卷上的题干和选项。记笔记时应尽量使用缩写词和符号，这样可以大大提高记笔记的速度，例如：for example（eg），watched TV（tv），in the afternoon（aft—n）等。
二、高考听力题型分析与应试
1． 确定地点
★答题策略：掌握并联想与某些地点有关的关键词语。
a． At a school： classroom, grade, textbook, mark, pass the exam, failure, break, exam-paper, absent from school, attend school, excellent.
b． At a bank：check, cash, currency, deposit, passbook, interest rate, change money, cash a check, credit card.
c． At a restaurant：dinner, snack，order, vegetables, drink, menu, Chinese food，Western－style food, dessert, taste, delicious, bill, check.
2． 估算数字
★答题策略：考生不仅要熟悉数字的读法，更要注意时间、价格、距离、日期及有关量词等的表示方法。对于需要计算或推理的题目，考生还要注意准确理解录音中的倍数、百分比等数量概念，以及表示比较意义的句型结构。比如： double, twice, three times, as big as, ten minutes late, half the price, five percent等。
3． 推理判断
★答题策略：这类试题相对较难，要求考生不仅要听懂对话内容，而且要从两人的谈话内容中判断谈话结果、行为趋向或逻辑关系等。对话中常常是Speaker l提出问题或请求，Speaker 2表示观点或建议，接下来Speaker l可能同意、接受，也可能反对、拒绝，最后的态度也可能不很明朗，需要考生依据谈话内容和谈话人的语气做出判断。答这类试题时，考生应注意以下几种句式和结构：
（1）比较结构（2）虚拟句式 （3）表示赞成的句式 （4）表示否定的句式 （5）表示让步的句式
4． 分析原因
★答题策略：听力考试中，若想答好原因题，需注意一些表示因果关系的连词、介词和句型。
表示因果关系的连词有：because, since, as, for, now that, so that, therefore, hence, etc．
表示因果关系的介词有：for, by, through, because of，as a result of, thanks to, due to, etc．
表示因果关系的句型有：以表示情感的形容词 + that从句为例：Mary is so glad／pleased／surprised that she got the first prize in the contest．
听力常见词汇及句型 一级重要词汇：
reserve/reservation, reception/receptionist/reception, desk, register/registration/book 名词：rent, style, reservation, conference, grades, return flights, accommodation, details, destination, flat/apartment, section, a king’s room, shower, deadline, 动词：reserve, spare, register, sign, appreciate,
形容词：available, amazing, scaring, boring, incredible, grand, extra, awful, digital, punctual,
副词：definitely, down, though, slightly,
词组：check out, start off, look into, now that, in a long run, on behalf of, bound for, apart from, tour/scenic spots, take/leave a message, drop in on/at, put sb. at ease, drop sb. off, in stock,
句型：1.Then all set 2.Take your time. 3. Anything but cheap. 4.No wonder…
5. It‘s a deal. 6. You‘re kidding. 7. Can we make it…? 8.That‘s the way it is. 9. It depends. 10. It‘s not intended for scientists, either.
单选篇
1．谨防紧邻信息的误导，避免定势思维。
在学习过程中，老师往往就一些常见的、重要的词、词组及句型加以反复强调，以加深学生的印象，学生因此而可能形成思维的定势。
【例1】My parents have always made me _______ about myself, even when I was twelve.
A. feeling well
35 ) B. feeling good C. feel well D. feel good ( 2007 江苏
由于我们对I am feeling well today. 形成了思维定势，容易错选C. 这里不表示身体好，而是表示自我感觉好。选D.
【例2】--- I can't find Mr. Smith. Where did you meet him this morning?
--- It was in the hotel ______ he stayed.
B. which C. the one D. that A. where
此题最大的干扰项是D，考生很可能把它看作强调结构。但根据句意，它要表达的是“在他呆的宾馆里找到他的”。所以，实际上是在stayed后省略了that I found him，即全句可完整地表达为It was in the hotel where he stayed that I found him。因此，答案为A。
【例3】Though life should be colorful, I prefer devoting all my energies to my studies_______ more professional knowledge.
A. to get B. to getting C. rather than get D. rather than to get 考生容易错选B。但仔细分析句意，应选A，表示目的。
2. 注意分析句子结构，确定选择方向
一个句子所使用的标点符号、有无连词，往往起着决定性的作用；而插入语、省略语等，在一定程度上干扰考生的思维。
【例1】My sister, an inexperienced rider, was found sitting on the bicycle _____ to balance it.
A. having tried B. trying C. to try D. tried （2008 上海 30）
分析句子结构，an experienced rider是插入语，同时，主语my sister与try之间为主动关系，首先排除D项；而后考虑sit on the bicycle与try to balance it 同时发生，可知B项为正确答案。
【例2】Who do you think you’d rather _____ the tape recorder?
A. have to repair D. get to repair B. have fixed C. get repaired 在确定答案之前，我们先来看看下面这个句子：
I think I would rather have the man fix the tape recorder.
I think I would rather get the man to fix the tape recorder.
在这两句中，假若对名词the man 提问，便可得出：Who do you think you would rather have repair the tape recorder ? / Who do you think you would rather get to repair the tape recorder ?
【例3】The children went home from the grammar school, their lessons ___for the day.
A. finishing B. finished C. had finished D. were finished
解析: 由于中间有逗号， 意味着后面的部分是状语。由于该部分前面没有连词，故不能用谓语形式。 因此要用finished构成独立主格结构。
3.查看主宾表定-------缺啥补啥句健全
当考察名词性从句或定语从句时，依次优先观察从句中是否缺主语，宾语，若缺某一成分，就得选择能够充当该成分的选项。若主语、宾语、表语或定语都不缺，就再观察句子是否缺哪类状语，选择能够充当该状语的选项，以补全句子结构。
Choosing the right dictionary depends on you want to use it for.
A. what B. why C how D whether
解析: what 引导的名词性从句作介词on的宾语,what在从句中又充当介词for的宾语. We shouldn‘t spend our money testing so many people, most of are healthy.
A that B which C what D whom
解析: 本题考察非限制性定性定语从句,介词of后面缺宾语,能够作宾语且能够引导定语从句的关系代词which 和whom， 由于非限制性定性定语从句用来说明前面指人的名词people， 故用whom充当介词of的宾语。
热门知识点：
时态语态：
要做好动词时态语态题，除了必须掌握各种时态的结构、含义和用法外，还要注意体会动词在具体的语言环境中的使用。语态通常结合时态一起考查，解题时一定要结合语境，弄清时间先后关系，可根据不同情况采取“找标法(寻找时间标志词)”、“呼应法(主从句时态呼应)”、“搭配法(固定搭配)”、“语境法(事情发生的环境)”等解题技巧。
时态和语态是很重要的考点：
have been painting all day/be always doing/I did lock it/will still be sleeping/will have left The papers are still being corrected/It is being served in the dining room.
【真题】 The moment I got home, I found I _______ my jacket on the playground. (陕西卷)
A. had left B. left C. have left D. was leaving
【解析】A。I found后接宾语从句，结合“呼应法”和“语境法”，由于主句动词使用了一般过去时，且宾语从句的动作发生在主句动作之前，应使用过去完成时。
【真题】—Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?
—Yes, I did. You know, my brother _______ in the match. (安徽卷)
A. is playing B. was playing C. has played D. had played
【解析】B。运用“语境法”，结合上下文语境可知，“我”看了昨天的比赛是因为“我弟弟当时正在参加比赛”，指过去正在发生的动作或状态应使用过去进行时。
【模拟题】— Have you seen my email about our TESL project?
— Yes. Luckily, I checked my emails yesterday. Normally, I _____ my email-box for days.(徐州二检)
A. haven‘t opened B. didn‘t open C. hadn‘t opened D. don‘t open
【解析】D。normally表明这是一个习惯性的动作，故用一般现在时。
特殊结构(倒装、省略、强调)
● 倒装
倒装可分为全部倒装和部分倒装。句子是全部倒装还是部分倒装往往取决于位于句首的词语。因此，熟记具有倒装要求的标志词是解题的关键。
【真题】So much of interest ________ that most visitors simply run out of time before seeing it all. (上海卷)
A. offers Beijing B. Beijing offers C. does Beijing offer D. Beijing does offer
【解析】C。“So(Such)...that...”结构中的so或such位于句首时，构成部分倒装句。句中的谓语是offer，时态是一般现在时，因此应添加助动词does，并将其置于主语Beijing之前以构成部分倒装句。
The policeman told me that I had passed the driving test and never in my life _______ so happy and excited.
A. I felt B. did I feel C. I had felt
● 强调
强调结构的基本形式是“It is/was+ 被强调部分 +that/who...”。同时，强调结构还有许多变形形式，需要引起注意。
* 一般疑问句句型为“Is/Was it +被强调部分+ that/who...?”
* 特殊疑问句句型为“特殊疑问词+ is/was it that...?”
*“Not...until...”句式的强调句型为“It is/was not until...that....”
【真题】 It was in New Zealand ________ Elizabeth first met Mr. Smith. (全国卷II)
A. that B. how C. which D. when
【真题】 It was not until midnight ________ they reached the camp site. (重庆卷)
A. that B. when C. while D. as
情态动词
第一步：判断是对现在的推测还是对过去的推测。这一步其实很简单，看题干中情态动词后有没有have即可。如有，则为对过去的推测；如无，则为对现在的推测。 第二步：判断题干是肯定句、否定句还是疑问句。这一步更简单，通过对句尾标点符号的判断以及句中是否含有not很容易就可以判定。
第三步：根据语境，判断推测语气是否强烈，并对照表格找出相应的情态动词。 D. had I felt
通过以上三步，这一类型的题目就不再是难题了。下面不妨来看两个例题：
1. —She looks very happy. She ______ have passed the exam.
—I guess so. It's not difficult after all. (2007 江苏卷)
A. should B. could C. must D. might
解析：第一步，因为情态动词后有have，所以是对过去的推测。第二步，句尾是句号，且句中无表示否定的词，所以判定句子是肯定句。第三步，从“She looks very happy”和“It's not difficult after all”这两句中均可以判断出推测语气比较强烈。对照表格，很快就可以定位到must上。所以，本题选C。
请别忽视某些情态动词的特殊含义
shall的用法: No student shall go out of school without the teacher’s permission. Tell him that he shall have the wonderful book tomorrow afternoon.
It is the rule that every driver shall obey in this city.
Shall I/he book a table?
must : If you must know her name, her name is Mabel.
would: When I was young, I would sit under the old tree listening to grandpa tell me stories.
should: It‘s strange that Tom, the most excellent student in our grade should fail in the exam.
may: May you succeed!/May you be happy!
非谓语动词题
1) ______ into use in April 2000, the hotline was meant for residents reporting water and heating supply breakdowns. (2005上海卷)
A. Put B. Putting C. Having put D. Being put
解析：首先，判断这道题应填入非谓语动词。其次，判断这个非谓语动词不是作主干成分的，而是在句中起修饰作用。接下来，判断put和hotline之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，非谓语动词要表被动，所以选A。
2) _________ more about university courses, call (920) 746-3789. (2005浙江卷)
A. To find out B. Finding out C. Find out D. Having found out
解析：逗号前后没有连词，且逗号后是一个祈使句，所以空格处应填入非谓语动词短语，且其在句中应起修饰作用。接下来，判断 “了解更多大学课程”是“打电话”的目的所在，所以应填入不定式表目的，选A。
3.______ along with host families, I believe, language travel students are likely to get enough
language practice. （2010南通二模）
A. Stay B. Having stayed C. Staying
注意分清谓语与非谓语，比如：
She went to the market, bought some bananas and visited her cousin.
She said, and turning away from him, walked rapidly away.
Go straight ahead, and you will see a hotel in front of you.
状语从句的一些引导词需要着重注意
1.before: …before I could say a word./It may be some time before the situation improves How long it‘ll be before I can go back to work?
2.when: It was six o’clock when they arrived at the hotel. (when可作if或since或considering意思)
3.since: It‘s three years since I smoked.
4.as: Great as the difficulty was,../Much as I admire,…
5.where: They notice that plants don‘t grow well where there is much shade. My doctor advised me to live where the air is fresher.
6.主将从现：I can when my headache disappear thoroughly. If you go, so will I. 需要记住一些交际用语
Just in case!/Take your time!/Take it easy!/You can‘t be serious/Up to you!/What if?/Can you make it?/What for?/What kept you?/Of what?/Exactly!/With pleasure!/That isn‘t due yet./The early train is due to leave at 5:30 a.m./I‘ll give you a lift./Why not?/You are wanted on the phone.
【牛刀小试】
1. —Ring me at six tomorrow morning, will you?
—Why that early? I ______.
A. will be sleeping B. will sleep C. have slept D. have been sleeping D. To stay
2. ______ colorful charts and graphs, he loaded a new software to help him.
A. Create B. Created C. Creating D. To create
3. --How do you usually find out about new software?
--In the magazines like Popular Electronics. That‘s ___ the computer companies usually advertise.
A. which D. why B. where C. what
3. — How come your father can read books in German?
— Well, he ______ on a project with some German engineers for 3 years when he was young.
A. worked work B. was working C. had worked D. would
4. A big earthquake struck southern Haiti，knocking down buildings and power lines and causing
Its ambassador to the United States called a catastrophe．
A．what B．which C．what D．why
.5. —Did you hear that Li Hua was robbed during his recent trip to South Africa? —Yes, not only ________ his money, but he was nearly killed.
A. he lost B. did he lose C. he had lost D. was he lost
6. Who ____ the fight against the H1N1 flu ____ it not been for the Chinese scientists‘ great efforts?
A. could have won; had B. would win; had could win; has C. would have won; has D.
7. As we all know, it was ______ that resulted in the terrible car accident.
A. because of her carelessness
C. because she was careless
(答案见末页)
完形填空篇
江苏的完形填空要求高，难度大，特别是议论说明类文体。但只要我们洞悉了出题人的心理，并掌握了相应的技巧，就没有什么可畏惧的。
（一）阅读全文，掌握大意 B. for her to be careless D. her being careless
速读全文要一气呵成，尽管有空格，生词或不明白的地方，仍要快速读下去，不要急于看选项。一遍读不懂可以再迅速读一遍，直到明了大意（who, when, where,
what），掌握梗概，总体把握文章内容，结构，时态，语态变化，情节的展开，结果的形成，然后答题。
（二）、细读全文，试选答案
1. 重视首句，把握开篇
完形填空一般无标题，首句不留空白，是完整的一句。细读此句可以判断文章体裁，预测全文大意和主旨。读懂首句可以帮助建立正确的思维导向，避免误入歧途，对理解全文起重要的作用。
例题：I know I should have told the headmaster at the time. That was my real_1_.
1. A. plan B. fault C. grade D. luck
解析：B。从本句should have done 结构表达方式可以看出作者要为往事感到懊悔了。 例:(2009全国卷Ⅱ)
One of my father’s favourite sayings as I was growing up was “Try it!” I couldn’t say I didn’t like ___21___.
撇开选项不谈,单从这一首句,考生可以捕捉到如下信息:(1)本文与我的成长有关;(2)我的成长与父亲的鼓励“Try it!”有关;(3)本文是一篇励志性的文章。可以推测:有可能这篇文章是与我的成长有关的励志文章,父亲的鼓励“Try it!”可能是这篇文章的主旨。仅仅一句话就提供了这么多的信息,使考生向下阅读有良好的心理准备。
2．要注意尾句的提示和总结作用
例如:(2008全国卷Ⅱ)
“Did I do something wrong? Don’t you love me anymore, Mom?” were just a few of the questions he threw at me as I laughingly asked him what was wrong. “My note, Mom,” he answered, “Where’s my note?”
文章叙述母亲(即本文的作者)年复一年地为孩子们上学备午餐,随同午餐盒这位母亲总坚持给孩子写上简单的一张小纸条。母亲从孩子开始上小学到高中毕业都一直坚持这样做。文中把“My note, Mom,” he answered, “Where’s my note?”安排在最后一句,特意刻画了大儿子Marc从上高中不愿意看那些小纸条到大学毕业后又跟母亲要小纸条的事情。全文首尾连贯,文字朴实,尽管没有一个love的字眼,却让人内心震撼:天底下比海还深的亲情和母爱!
3. 掌握技巧，灵活答题
（1）前后呼应法
解完形填空题要始终抓住文段本身，确立“双语境”基准判断做题，即大语境—全文
中心和基调；小语境—空格前后的语意环境；再遵循前有伏笔，后有呼应的思路去做
题。
例题1：I lift the lid and to my surprise saw nothing I looked at David‘s smiling face
add back into the box and said. “The box is nice, David, but it’ s 52.” Ks
52. A. cheap B. empty C. useless D. improper （2009山东卷）
解析：由句中的saw nothing可以推知应选B项。
例题2：After the birth of my second child, I got a job at a restaurant. Having
worked with an experienced 36 for a few days, I was 37 to wait tables on my own.
36. A. manager B. assistant C. cook D. waitress
37A. promised B. invited C. allowed D. advised （2008全国I）
解析：36. D。由前句的restaurant和work with知这里因为服务员。
37. C。由前分句“已经工作了一些天了”，以及on my own知这里是被允许去做。
（2）词汇辨析法
从近年来高考真题的分析情况来看，相似词汇彼此之间的细致辨析题型在考试中比重
逐年增加，同时这也是高中考生的弱点所在。
例题：Scott and his companions were terribly disappointed. When they got to the
South Pole，they found the Norwegians（挪威人）had 36 them in the race to be
the first ever to reach it.（2005辽宁卷）
36. A. hit B. fought C. won D. beaten
解析：由第一句的 disappointed 可知，挪威人已经“胜过了” Scott 和他的同伴，故
选项 A 和 B可以首先被排除；而其余两个选项都有“战胜”之意，这就要求我们知道
它们之间的细微差别：win 的宾语通常是比赛、奖品或荣誉等，而 beat 的宾语则是竞
赛或竞争对手；所以正确答案是 D。
（3）语法结构法
此考点对于高中生比较熟悉，也是我们的优势所在。需要同学们注意的就是现在的这种考点核心在多种语法点的结合考察，也同时注意到语境的具体要求。
例题：I couldn’t have been more 29 . I mastered the skills of that beginning level position and I was given the opportunity（机会）to _30_ through the company into different 31 .
29. A. careful B. mistaken C. interested D. prepared ks5u ks5u （2009全国卷Ⅱ）
解析：选B。这里的I couldn’t have been more…是最高级的一种表达形式，即“否定词+比较级结构可以表达最高级的含义”。
（4）抓住关联词
根据文章中表示并列关系的连词或副词如and， also和besides等，它们的题点是and前后的成分结构相似，意义相关，再做出准确判断。文段一出现“but”，即可确定前后语意有转折。只要知其一方的语意，就能反推出另一方意思，这有利于解题。在高考完形填空题中，多半会在but一词后设题。所以，一看到but就做上标记，遇到类似于but的词，如however, nevertheless, whereas, yet等词时作同样处理。这样便于回到原文去寻找解题的依据。
例题1：An old lady came on the bus. She was not too old but looking _______ and I think she was not well either.
A. tired B. excited C. surprised D. interested
解析：A。本句中的but表示的是转折的含义。由此可知，虽然她不是太老，但她看起来十分“疲惫”，再由and后的not well知此空所填的词应和“身体不好”相吻合。
（5）固定搭配法
这部分主要考查考生平时的基础知识储备，尤其是对动词短语﹑形容词短语﹑固定句型等的考查。
例题1：The former 37every possible effort to avoid being discovered...It was not long50 a customer who had seen him arrive hurried in to inform him... （2005重庆卷）
37. A. do B. take C. make D. try
50. A. when B. after C. until D. before
解析： make…effort（尽……力）是固定词组，It was not long before...（……不多久就……）是固定句式，所以这两题的正确答案分别是 C 和 D。
例题2：There was no 40 __asking his parents, for he knew they had no money to spare.
4 0. A. point B. reason C. result D. right Ks5u（2009北京卷）
解析：选A。here is no point doing sth.固定句型，意为“做……是没有意义的”。 Dear son,
例题3：I want to thank you for teaching me a very valuable lesson in my life by the great example you ________.
A. followed B. gave C. set D. took （2009安徽）
解析：选C。为某人树立榜样 set a good example to somebody
（6）发挥逻辑思维能力，挖掘文章寓意、隐意
近几年NMET完形填空以叙事为主，有时加入一定的议论和说明，内容贴近生活，表层意思易于理解，所以很容易给学生造成一种"假象"，产生“轻敌”心理，有些同学做完一篇完形填空以后，自我感觉不错，但一对答案错很多，原因是这些同学仅仅理解了文章的表层含义，而忽略了其深层含义。事实上，NMET完形填空文章大都包含一定的哲理、寓意，具备深层探询的可能性。这就要求考生不仅要明确文章的表层意义，还要挖掘出文章的深层含义，做到“表里一致”。如：
_52_ laughed, then the whole class was laughing with open-hearted enjoyment. I did my best not to show (pleasure) _53_, but what I was feeling was pure happiness.
52. A. People B. Nobody C. Somebody D. I
本题要求根据事情发展的逻辑关系来判定答案。答案是C，此处叙述作者的作文给全班同学带来欢乐的过程，先是“有人”发笑，最后全班同学大笑，逻辑通顺。
（6）结合生活常识判断
At first, everyone on the team got _38_ playing time. Then the team moved up to the top division after winning all its games, and the _39_ started. Some parents, who had paid the coach extra so their daughters could have _40_ one-on-one training, got angry when she didn’t give them more playing time in our _41_ . The coach was replaced. （2004北京高考）
38. A. great
39. A. business
40. A. free B. equal B. struggle B. private
B. courses C. right D. extra C. attempt D. pressure D. basic C. good 41. A. matches C. lessons D. programs
本文介绍作者（一个少年女子足球队员）踢足球的经历。一开始，我们得到“平等的
（38）”踢球时间；然后当我们的队获得联赛冠军以后，怎样呢？结合生活常识判断，应是有了"压力（39）"。后面父母贿赂教练干什么呢？根据生活常识判断，应该是让自己的孩子得到“开小灶”的机会，因此40应选B, private“私人的”。41，父母生气是因为贿赂没有起作用，也就是在我们的“比赛”中，他们的女儿没有得到更多的上场比赛的时间。
（三）. 复读全文，验证答案
（1）检查表达法的习惯性：即习惯用语、固定搭配、句型词组是否符合习惯。
（2）检查上下文的连贯性：及凭借语感，按照上下文，检查段落与段落，句子与句子之间的衔接是否连贯。这是检查中至关重要的一环，往往能纠正一处甚至多处错误。
【牛刀小试】
（一）(2005 全国卷) When the waiter brought my 41 the man was clearly
puzzled by the 42 way in which the waiter and I 43 each other. He seemed even more puzzled as 44 went on and it became 45 that all the waiters in the restaurant knew me. Finally he got up and went into the 46 .
41. A. menu B. bill C. paper D. food
D. funny
D. talked about 42. A. direct B. familiar 43. A. chatted with B. looked at
44. A. the waiter B. time
45. A. true B. hopeful C. strange C. laughed at C. I D. the dinner C. clear D. possible
C. office D. kitchen 46. A. restaurant B. washroom
（二）1. 联系上下文语境
1) Traveling west, you set your clock __1__ ; traveling east, you set it ahead.
A behind B. forward C. back D. ahead
2) Many old people don‘t have good __2__. They can‘t watch TV, but they can listen to the music.
A. hearing B. health C. eyesight D. time
3）My family was 43 . We paid our debts. But before harvest, cash was short. Would the store owner 44 us ? （2006 山东高考）
(43) A. generous
(44) A. blame B. honest C. friendly D. modest B. excuse C. charge D. trust
4) Carolyn Stradley is the founder of C&S Paving Inc. (铺路公司) in Atlanta, USA. In the following account, she recalls the job that challenged her __1__ and skill but left her flying high. …
“The key to our success was having the __courage__ to take on any job and then being creative in our approach to getting it done.” （07江苏高考）
(1) A. kindness B. patience C. imagination D. experience
2. 注意习惯搭配
5) The chance passed and I didn’t __50__ it. I sat the exam the next day and I won. I didn’t __51__ to cheat, but I was still cheating anyhow. (06江苏高考)
(50) A. take B. have C. lose D. find
D. pretend (51) A. remember B. learn C. mean
6) Life is filled with challenges. As we got older we __1__ realize that those
challenges are the very things that __shape__ us and make us who we are,… （07山东高考）
A. seem to B. come to C. hope to D. try to
3．词义辨析
7) Now he can no longer walk and he must sit quietly in a chair all day. Even talking is (1) . One night, I went to visit him with my sister. We started (2) about life, and I told them about one of my (3) . I said that we must very often give things up (4) we grow---our youth, our beauty, our friends---but it always (5) that after we give something up, we gain something new in its place. （06北京高考）
(1) A. impossible
(2) A. worrying
(3) A. decisions
(4) A. as
(5) A. suggests
阅读理解篇
20xx年命题趋向：阅读材料更趋向于多样化和“原汁原味”，并追求阅读材料的真实性、实用性和教育性的统一；阅读文章贴近生活，内容新，时代感强；阅读词汇量会逐步有所加大，这就要求我们不断提高阅读速度；句子长度递增，难度加大。 解题步骤可以总结为一套解题程序，也就是“三步走”，即： B. difficult B. caring B. experiences B. since B. promises C. stressful D. hopeless C. talking D. asking C. ambitions D. beliefs C. before D. till C. seems D. requires （答案见末页）
第一步，快速阅读整篇文章，特别注意，绝对不可细读，学会跳读，略读。每段只要了解大意即可。（一般前面三句读懂就行）。
第二步，读题目（主要是题干），找关键词；先仔细阅读题目，找出题干中的关键词。关键词一般是题干主谓宾的实词或者特征明显的词（人名、地名、时间、数字等）。 （根据题目的关键词）读原文，找命题点；有目的地在原文中搜索相关信息。将题目中的关键词先定位到原文中的一个段落，进而定位到相关句子。要注意顺序性，即题目的顺序和原文内容的顺序基本一致。
关键词的确定也有技巧：如果题目或选项中有专有名词（人名、地名等）、数字（年代、时间等）要将此定位为关键词。因为这些词有特点，在文章中很容易找到，所以很快就可以定位相应的细节，从而找到正确答案；如果题目或选项中没有明显的词，可以定位主要的名词或动词为关键词。
第三步，对照题目和命题点，选择最佳答案；常见的正确选项是对原文命题点的原文再现、同义转述或二者的结合；高档题可能还需要考生进行一定的归纳、总结、推理或概括，但一切都要严格依照原文命题点，避免主观判断。
下面对关键词寻找举例说明：
72. Why did Loftus ask the volunteers to answer some questions? 07年全国二卷
65. Right after McKenzie came back, the other children were _____. 08年全国一卷
69. In what way is the Snowdonia Centre different from the other two holidays? 08年全国二卷
59. Where can visitors have lunch? 08年江苏卷
64. Parents with small children visiting the gallery ? 08年江苏卷
以上是就最近3年高考题中，随机选择的几道细节题题干。考生在预估出卷人意图时并不需要对题干进行细致精到的分析，只需要稍微把握关键词，对句意囫囵吞枣也未尝不可。而这些“枣子”一般是那些不能被消化、被替换的词语，比如：专有名词、术语等，如果没有这些成分，一般名词或动词则应该被关注；数词在考查过程中，虽然会出现一些简单的运算，但因为其形式的独特性，所以也需要特别留意。也就是说，在审题的过程中，关注等级为（专有）名词、动词、数词。
因此，以上五道题，着重关注的点分别是：06年北京卷—Loftus，volunteer；07年全国二卷—McKenzie，children，08年全国一卷—Snowdonia Centre，holidays，08年
全国二卷—visitor，lunch，08年江苏卷—parents，children，gallery。当考生在同一个句子，或相邻的句子中看到了这些词，或者近义词，答案就极有可能近在咫尺了。 干扰项特点：① 部分正确，部分错误；② 是原文信息，但不是题目要求的内容，如，根据题干中的关键词定位到段落，若选项中出现这个范围之外其他段落的内容必错；③ 符合常识，但不是文章的内容；④ 与原句的内容极为相似，但程度上有些变动，如：将文中并非绝对化的内容绝对化，或偷梁换柱改动一些关键词；⑤ 明显不是文中信息，与文章信息不符或是相反。
例题（20xx年上海高考阅读理解B）：
While you‘re here, try other recreational activities available in our mountains. Popular choices include a Banff Gondola ride up Sulphur Mountain, bathe in the natural mineral waters at the Upper Hot Spring, horse-drawn sleigh ride, drive-your-own-team dog sled excursion, and snowmobile tour to the highland (but not in the national park).
We also recommend you make time to enjoy simple pleasure. After looking around Banff Ave shops, walk a couple of blocks west or south to the scenic Bow River. Try ice skating on frozen Lake Louise where Ice Magic International Ice Sculpture Competition works are displayed after Jan 25. You can rent skates in Banff or at the sport shop in the Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise hotel.
Banff‘s backcountry paths access a wilderness world of silence and matchless beauty—cross country skis and snowshoes provide the means. Banff sport shops rent equipment and clothes, or join an organized tour. Although we‘ve been many times, we still find the cliffs and icefalls of our frozen canyons worth visiting.
Wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories. We have seen hundreds of the elk and bighorn sheep that attract visitors, yet they still arouse a sense of wonder. And the rare spotting of a cougar, wolf or woodland caribou takes our breath away. See if simple pleasures work for you. Fight in the snow with your kids, walk beside a stream or climb to a high place and admire the view.
—Banff Resort Guide Editors 第一段：从第一句的try other recreational activities可知是推荐娱乐活动。（本段后面的就不用看了）
第二段：本段就两句，就都看完吧，很明显是看完B.A再欣赏BR。
第三段：本段前几个词看完就足够了，不就是讲滑雪的地方嘛。（^_^）
第四段：本段第一句有点难度哦，考点往往就在这。通过paths, provide means知道就是讲途径。（第一句看完就闪到下段。）
第五段：第一句很清楚表明：creates satisfying memories。
第六段：就是诱惑你的家人一起去。
1. According to the passage, Banff‘s backcountry is accessible by _____.
A. cross country skiing B. horse-drawn sleigh riding
C. snowmobiling D. dogsledding
2. The purpose of the writing is to ______.
A. promote scenic spots in Canada B. advertise for the sports in Banff
C. introduce tourist activities in Banff D. describe breathtaking views in Banff
3. Which of the following is true according to the passage?
A. Dogsledding is the most popular sport among local people.
B. Watching wildlife is a memorable experience.
C. Travelers should bring their own sports equipment.
D. Shopping is too simple a pleasure to enjoy.
1. A。注意关键词Banff’s backcountry，第四段的rovide means提供了答案。
2. C。本文第一段的activities就提供了答案。
3. B。由题干可知本题属于细节理解题中的细节判断题。下面我们利用“跳读查找法”，按照选项的顺序，抓住选项中的关键词，在原文中快速查找相关信息，会很快锁定答案。A项中的关键词是“Dogsledding”，原文中只有一处相关信息，即第二段
“Popular choices include a Banff Gondola ride up Sulphur Mountain, bathe in the natural mineral waters at the Upper Hot Spring, horse-drawn sleigh ride, drive-your-own-team dog sled excursion, and snowmobile tour to the highland（but not in the national park）”，其中文章中的“Popular”和选项中的“the most popular”说法太绝对，没有事实根据，可排除。用同样的方法依次检查其他选项。第六段“Wildlife watching also creates satisfying memories.”中的“memories”和选项B中的
“memorable”构成意义转换，可确定B项说法正确。由第四段“You can rent skates in Banff or at the sport shop in the Fairmont Chateau Lake Louise hotel.”和第五段“Banff sport shops rent equipment and clothes, or join an organized tour.”可知游客不必自带运动器具，故C项说法不对。D项明显不是文中信息，与文章信息不符，无从考证。
文章结构类题目解题指导
根据考纲和最近几次模拟考，可以预测此类题型极有可能出现在今年的试题中
文章结构题的考查对象无非是整个篇章或其中的某个段落，在解答此类题目之前，有必要对全篇或被考查的段落进行通读以了解其大意。由于题目提问方式较为单一，无非是文章——段落的发展方法，因此解题的关键在于找出篇章或段落中表示层次发展的关键词，如表示时间、方位、因果关系或对比的关联词等等。另外，此类题型最常见的考法就是根据整篇文章的叙述发展或论证的步骤、过程推测出作者接下来要叙述的事件或将要发表的观点。此时，同学们要在正确理解篇章内容的基础上对文章的发展作出合理的推断。这些推断往往不是凭空臆断，而会在上文中给出一定的提示，或是所说明两个事物或人的其余一个，或是两种截然不同的观点的另一方面，总之，作者总会给读者最充分的证据以使读者能对文章的结构作出合理的推断。下面我们以近两年的高考题为例看看文章结构题的解答技巧。
例1： Armstrong showed a great talent(天赋) for music when he was taught to play the cornet(短号) at a boy’s home. In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal. (20xx年陕西卷A篇)
42. The third paragraph is developed________.
A. by space B. by examples
C. by time D. by comparison
解析：题目对节选段落所描述事件的说明方法进行设题。此题需要从文章的细节理解着手。节选段落描写了Armstrong的学艺历程。从“at a boy’s home”和“In his late teens”，我们可以得知节选部分的情节发展方式是按照时间顺序进行的，因此答案为C。
例2： The Diet Zone: A Dangerous Place
Diet Coke, diet Pepsi, diet pills, no-fat diet, vegetable diet ... We are surrounded by the word “diet” everywhere we look and listen. We have so easily been attracted by the promise and potential of diet products that we have stopped thinking about what diet products are doing to us. We are paying for products that harm us psychologically and physically （身体上）.
Diet products significantly weaken us psychologically. On one level, we are not allowing our brain to admit that our weight problems lie not in actually losing the weight, but in controlling the consumption of fatty, high-calorie, unhealthy foods. Diet products allow us to jump over the thinking stage and go straight for the scale（秤） instead. All we have to do is to swallow or recognize the word “diet” in food labels.
On another level, diet products have greater psychological effects. Every time we have a zero-calorie drink, we are telling ourselves without our awareness that we don’t have to work to get results. Diet products make people believe that gain comes without pain, and that life can be without resistance and struggle.
The danger of diet products lies not only in the psychological effects they have on us, but also in the physical harm that they cause. Diet foods can indirectly harm our bodies because consuming them instead of healthy foods means we are
preventing our bodies from having basic nutrients(营养成分). Diet foods and diet pills contain zero calorie only because the diet industry has created chemicals to produce these wonder products. Diet products may not be nutritional, and the chemical that go into diet products are potentially dangerous.
Now that we are aware of the effects that diet products have on us, it is time to seriously think about buying them. Losing weight lies in the power of minds, not in the power of chemicals. Once we realize this, we will be much better able to resist diet products, and therefore prevent the psychological harm that comes from using them.(20xx年北京卷E篇)
75. Which of the following shows the structure of the passage?
CP: Central PointP: PointSp: Sub-point(次要点)C： Conclusion
解析： 答案为B。文章主要论述了我们在营养品认识方面所存在的误区以及错误认识给我们带来的危害。作者在第一段提出了营养品正影响着我们的生活，而我们却不知道它潜在的危害。在接下来的两段中，文章从两个方面论述了营养品在精神层面上弱化了我们：一、我们毫不犹豫地相信营养品的作用进而选择它；二、营养品本身给我们带来的危害更大，它让我们相信营养吸收可以变得很简单、直接，进而产生一种可以不劳而获的观念，以为生活是不需要奋斗的。第四段中，作者提出了营养品在物质方面对我们的危害，也就是对身体造成的不良影响。最后，作者通过论述营养品在各个方面给我们所带来的危害后提出了自己的观点。由此分析，我们可以知道作者采用了“总—分—总”的论述方法，而第一个论点由两个小的分论点支撑。 归纳题
对于归纳题，很多考生总觉得有“花非花，雾非雾”的朦胧迷乱感。其实，只要盯住一篇文章的四个角落：首段首句，首段尾句，尾端首句，尾段尾句，就基本上不会出现方向上的偏离。这里的“句”，即可以是一个完整的句子，也可以是复杂句中的主句。比如，20xx年全国二卷的第四篇文章，这四个角落的句子分别为：
Something in chocolate could be used to stop coughs and lead to more effective medicines, say UK researchers. …
The researchers said that theobromine worked by keeping down a verve activity(神经活动) …theobromine caused no side effects such as sleepiness.
首段只有一个句子，提出句中的核心名词chocolate，coughs，medicines。段末的两句话，都有一个词theobromine，虽然不确定这是什么，但可以保证一定和段首的chocolate，coughs，medicines所形成的逻辑链条有关。所以，综合这些信息，大概可以推断文章主要分析chocolate能够治疗coughs，当成medicines，因为里面有theobromine，而且没有什么side effects。
因此56. Which of the following would be the best title for the text? B便成了自然之选。
A. Codeine: A New Medicine B. Chocolate May Cure Coughs
C. Cough Treatment: A Hard Case D. Theobromine Can Cause Coughs
任务型阅读篇
任务型阅读要求考生根据阅读文章提供的信息用恰当的词语完成与短文相关的图表，并有一定字数的限制。主要考察学生获取信息的能力（对应信息查找题）、组织信息的能力（对应信息转换题）和概括表达信息能力（对应信息归纳题）。
一、解题步骤：
一般根据题目特点，可分为以下三步：
1）略读—快速浏览抓住文章中心大意以及文章的结构(借助所给图表结构）。
2）细读—带着问题，找到文章对应点，确认题型，分析整理归纳信息并且准确表达信息。
3）复读—复读文章，反复揣摩所填之词是否符合文章内容，其拼写是否正确。
二、解题技巧：
1.信息查找题
解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息。常用方法是带着问题有意识地在关键处做标记。如：（1）5W and 1H：who, what ,when, where ,why ,how（2）时间先后: first , then , after ,that , next, finally（3）因果:because , thus , lead to, cause, as a result
（4）比较:similarly, differently（5）转折：but, while, however, instead, on the contrary
2.信息转换题
解题关键:是根据问题查找定位信息，加工分析并转换成另一种表达方式。
（1）词性转换，即练习将一种词类转换成另一种词类，主要包括动词与名词转换、形容词与副词转换、形容词与名词转换。解题方法很简单，只要在文中找到关键词即可。例如：
1.原文：be responsible for your own learning...（2008江苏高考题）
转换成表格中：Take（76）_________ for one’s own learning.
分析：抓住关键词responsible，将它转换为名词。答案为responsibility。
2.Positive，negative，and neutral messages that you receive from others all play a role in determining who you are．（2009江苏高考题）
转换成表格中：Messages from others help you(73) who you are．
分析：抓住关键词determining，将此动名词转换为动词原形，因有词组let sb. do…。答案为：determine／define／know／understand
3. communication involves others in the sense that a competent communicator considers what the other person needs and expects when selecting messages to share．（2009江苏高考题）
转换成表格中：Needs and(74) of others should be considered．
分析：抓住关键词expect,将它转换为名词。答案为：expectations／hopes／desires／wishes。
4. With all the information available, it's not surprising that people can feel confused.（2009安徽高考题）转换成表格中：There is a lot job information on-line, but too much of it may sometimes be (77)________.
分析：抓住关键词confused,由于题目中的主语是too much of it,因此答案为confusing。
5. Regularly updated, the Handbook is available as a book and on-line. （2009安徽高考题）
转换成表格中：The information is updated in a (78)________ manner.
分析：抓住关键词regularly，转换成形容词。答案为：regular
6. You can also learn how to apply for jobs.
转换成表格中：Its vast resources include ways of job (79)_______. （2009安徽高考题）
分析：抓住关键词apply, 转换成名词。答案为：application。
7. It's worth taking the time and finding as much information as you can. （2009安徽高考题）
转换成表格中：The time you spend and the efforts you make will be (85)_________. 分析：抓住关键词worth，转换成形容词。答案为：worthwhile。
（2）句子结构转换。做此类题首先要理解题意，其次仔细比较原句和题目，明白出题人的意图，只要找出题眼就不难得出答案。以20xx年江苏高考题为例：
1.原文：But every day we experience the centrality of our selves in communication． 转换成表格中：we are always(71) ▲ in communication with others．
分析：首先要将原文句意理解透彻，题意为：每一天我们在沟通中都是以自我为中心的。其次分析出题人的意图，找出题眼，本题是如何将题眼the centrality of our
selves转换为一个表语，就本题应为一个形容词。答案为：self-centered／subjective。
2.原文：we are constantly providing behaviors that have communicative value for them．
转换成表格中：We are constantly(78) ▲ meanings by what we do．
分析：本题题意不难理解，即：我们应常向他人提供有交际价值的行为。出题人的意图是：have communicative value= ____?___ meanings. 答案为：conveying／expressing
3. 原文：Your second experience with a similar setting and person made far different results．
转换成表格中：Yon may redo the conversation，but you(80) ▲ achieve the same results．
分析：很容易看出本题的意图：made far different results= ____?___ achieve the same results. 答案为：can’t／cannot
3.信息归纳题
1.解题关键是根据问题查找定位信息，找共性的东西。归纳词的特征有：概括性，在最大程度上覆盖栏内信息；针对性，量体裁衣，大小适度；醒目性，简洁。
常见概括性词有：原因：reason, cause；结果：result, effect；目的：aim, purpose；方法：measure, solution, way, method；观点：opinion, view, attitude；异同：differences, similarities；优劣：advantages, disadvantages；其它：time, purpose, behavior, feeling。
书面表达篇
第一部分：基本要求
在书面表达上拿到高档次的分数。 书面表达在评阅时遵循语言第一位（语言高级），内容第二位（要点齐全），结构第三位（文章分段）的原则，也就是说阅卷老师最注重的是语言，换句话说是亮点，根据语言使用情况，亮点的多少而定出档次，所以考生在书面表达中语言上的亮点是得高分的关键。亮点一共有四种：一、高级词汇和语法；二、修辞手法；三、有效的连词；四、名人名言或谚语。首先简单介绍亮点当中至关重要的高级语法，以及修辞手法当中的一些技巧的使用。在书面表达中老师喜欢
看到的高级语法共有五种：倒装，强调，从句，独立主格和分词结构，以及虚拟语气。 方法一:注重文章的开始句 / 主题句、承转句和结尾句,它会吸引阅卷老师的眼球。
1. With the rapid development / advance of science and technology, a lot of social problems have come into being.
2. Many of us take it for granted that we can take anything from nature as we like.
3. As we all know / As is well known / As far as I’m concerned, the following ways are of great help to us.
4. As an old saying goes / runs, “ Honesty is the best policy.”
5. It is said / thought / known / reported / expected / believed / …that reading increases our knowledge and broadens our mind.
以上句子可用于文章的开始或主题句,使表达简练生动,主题突出。
6. We need to live a regular life. That is to say / That is / Namely, we can keep good hours and refrain from smoking and drinking too much.
7. As a matter of fact / In fact, it is health that counts.
8. Besides / In addition, we should not forget that everyone wants a friendly and peaceful society.
9. The government should enforce（执行）laws strictly. On the other hand, the public also should develop a good habit of reducing pollution.
10. In view of the practical need of society, there are more and more people interested in learning English.
以上句子可用于文章承转句。注重语段衔接也是取得高分的杀手锏。
11. Last but not least, there is the question of adequate funding.
12. For these reasons, I think that receiving college education is wise.
13. There is no doubt/denying that education plays a big role in our life.
用于文章结论句。这种句式更能鲜明地表达出说话者的态度和观点,给人留下一个圆满的结局。
方法二:在整篇文章中,要特别注重使用一些较为复杂的结构,如非谓语动词、独立主格结构、倒装句、强调句、虚拟句、定语从句、名词性从句、状语从句等。
13. Qianmen Street is a pedestrian street, but there are trolley cars to take you not only to the shops, but also to theatres and teahouses where you can experience a truly Chinese way of life.
14. What they did has brought joy to others and enriched their own lives.
15. We could do nothing but / other than wait.
16. Given a chance, I can surprise the world.
17. Television has so many advantages. It keeps us informed about the latest news, but also provides entertainment in the home.
以上非谓语动词的使用使句子显得更简洁,更高级,必定会获得阅卷老师较好的印象。
18. Then my smile should go to myself, for only in this way can I gain more confidence in smiling my troubles away and live a better life.
19. Only when we realize the importance of environmental protection can we care more about nature and build a harmonious relationship with our earth.
20. Gone are the days when farmers live in the poor houses.
21. Not only should we students study hard, we also should know how to enjoy ourselves in our spare time.
倒装句有意“打破常规”,使句子带有强烈的情感色彩,使行文错落有致。
22. It was because the traffic was very heavy during the rush hour that I was late again.
强调句式的使用使得写作重点突出,给读者留下了深刻的印象,同时使文章结构更加紧凑、行文节奏婉转流畅。
23. Our headteacher treats us as if we were her own children, so all the students in our class think highly of her.
24. It’s high time (that) we did something to improve our environment.
运用强调句式和虚拟语气的效果能化腐朽为神奇,改平淡为传神。
25. What’s exciting and interesting is that we can exchange language lessons, with you teaching me English, and me teaching you Chinese!
26. The suggestion that students should learn something practical is worth considering.
27. One advantage of playing the guitar is that it can give you a great deal of pleasure.
28. To own a colour TV set in each family, which we thought was impossible twenty years ago, now has become true.
这样的句子让人感到“头重脚轻”或“头轻脚重’,它会显得与众不同。
提示：特别注意用分词结构
在所有的高级语法中，阅卷老师最喜欢看到的是独立主格和分词结构，其次是剩下的几项。但很多学生不知道如何在文章中使用这个最大的亮点。其实几乎所有的状语从句都可以变成独立主格或分词结构，时间状语从句，原因状语，条件状语等。例如条件状语从句：If such is the case, you should apologize to her. 如何变成独立主格或分词结构呢？学会下面的口诀，如果你的作文中有状语从句，马上可改成独立主格或分词结构这个最大的亮点。
口诀：一去，二看，三改。一去：去连词；二看：看主语；三改：改分词。
If such is the case, you should apologize to her.按照这个口诀来改，第一步，去掉连词if；第二步，看前后两句话的主语，前后主语不一致，所以要改成独立主格；第三步，改分词，is 变成分词是being，所以最后变成Such being the case, you should apologize to her.就变成了独立主格。如果前后两句话主语一致，就变成分词结构，例如20xx年高考书面表达中的一句话Because I am a student, I’d like to know the price for students. 改成Being a student, I’d like to know the price for students.其他想表达状语从句的时候几乎都一样。所以想表达由于，因为，如果等都写成独立主格或分词结构会让阅卷老师多给几分。
二、在用词准确、得体的基础上,选择较为高级的词汇,或一些熟悉词汇的较高级用法,正如一叶知秋,体现了作者驾驭语言的能力,想不得高分也难。
方法一:避免重复使用词汇。有时一篇作文里会多次出现某一词时,这时表达方式的变化(用不同的单词或词组表达相同的意义),使词汇运用丰富多彩,章法灵活。
29. The new railway is still under construction. ( is being built )
30. The project is now well under way.
31. After 20 years the town had changed beyond recognition.
32. I’m awfully grateful to you for taking so much trouble to help me. (Thank you for…)
方法二:注重使用短语、习语来代替某些词,使得文章具有多彩性。
33. Every coin has two sides.
34. 25% of my classmates hold the view that doing part-time jobs will help one gain work experience and learn more of the society. (think)
35. All work and no play make(s) Jack a dull boy.只工作,不玩耍,聪明孩子会变傻。 第二部分：亮点作文
1.关于学习效率：
No one can deny the importance of efficiency in study. It not only saves us much time which can be spent in doing other activities, but also improves our memory and enthusiasm for study. Just imagine how happy you are when you make full use of every minute.
Unfortunately, despite the fact, little attention is paid to it. As a result, we feel so tired and pressured since we have spent much time on it but nothing works at last. Worse still, some of us are discouraged and quite at a loss.
So here are some suggestions that may help. First, we should develop a habit of making a study plan and carrying it out no matter what difficulty comes in the way. Second, doing exercise regularly will without doubt have positive effects on studying efficiency. Just as the proverb says, all work and no plan makes Jack a dull boy. On in this way can we study efficiently.
2.关于课外阅读 （南通一模）
Dear editor,
Students of today are reading more than ever before. Indeed, the importance of reading can never be too much stressed.
First of all, reading, especially out-of-class reading, enriches our mind and broadens our horizon. People say that books are the crystal of human wisdom. Through
reading, we learn what cannot be learnt in our classrooms. Besides, reading is also a way of relaxation. It is so refreshing to read a story before going to bed, or after a day of study.
There‘re many famous sayings about reading, like ―Reading is to the mind what exercise is to the body‖. Then, how can we develop the habit of reading? In the first place, I believe we need to begin from an early age, then stick to it and never give up. Secondly, ……
Yours sincerely,
Jiang Ping
3.根据漫画写短文.(关于尊敬老人)
Just as it vividly shows in the picture, an old man is sitting alone on the bench in a park, looking at a young mother holding the bike for her little daughter while she is riding it. By the side of the old man lies a sleeping little pet dog. This is a picture of great contrast. By the look on the man‘s face, we can tell the old man feels a bit lonely. However, the little girl, enjoying her mother‘s company, is playing happily.
The reason for the phenomenon is not hard to find. Nowadays, all families have only one child. So parents do whatever they can to take good care of their children. On the other hand, the children take it for granted that they should be focus of the family, who turn a blind eye to what their grandparents or parents need and feel. As far as I‘m concerned, the phenomenon should call for the attention of the whole society. Needless to say, not only the young but also the old in our society deserve good care and enough attention. The needs of the old shouldn‘t be ignored. In conclusion, we shouldn‘t lose the good tradition of caring for the old.
单选答案：ADBAB BD 完形答案 (一)DBABC D (二)1. CC BD C 2. ACB 3. BCBAC
天道酬勤！
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