高考圈-让高考没有难报的志愿

20xx年高考英语虚拟语气语法总结

倒装结构

1） Had you (=If you had) invited us, we would have come to your party.

2） Were I (=If I were) you, I would do more practice after class.

3） Should it rain tomorrow, I wouldn’t go.

2．虚拟条件句的特殊用法

A. 混合虚拟条件句

条件从句的动作和主句的动作不是同时发生.

If he had followed the doctor’s advice, he would be quite all right now. （从句述说过去，主句述说现在。）

If I were you, I wouldn’t have missed the film last night. （从句述说现在，主句述说过去。）

If I had had more self-confidence, I would become a teacher.

（从句述说过去，主句述说现在。）

If the rescue team hadn’t found him, he would be dead.

（从句述说过去，主句述说现在。）

If she didn’t love driving, she wouldn’t have become a driver. （从句述说现在，主句述说已发生。）

B. 含蓄虚拟条件句

虚拟条件通过下述词语引出的短语：

介词with, without, but for, if it had not been / if it were not for?etc 分词supposing动词suppose

并列连词or, otherwise, but, though, etc

例如：

1）I couldn’t have won the competition without your encouragement.

2）With your assistance (=If we had your assistance), we might finish the

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plan earlier

3）But for you advice, I would not be able to do this work.

4) Victor obviously doesn’t know what’s happened, otherwise he wouldn’t have made such a stupid remark.

C. 虚拟条件句中的表示结果的主句有时形式上可以省略，但意义上仍然存在。这种句子只保留一个if (only)条件从句，表达说话人的强烈愿望。如：

1） If (only) she were my sister! 她要是我姐姐（就好了）！

2） If only he had not left! 如果他没走（该多好啊）！

（二）虚拟语气的几个句型

1． It is? that sb. (should)?

句型一：It is ＋ 形容词 ＋ that ?

句型二：It is a ＋ 抽象名词 ＋ that ?

句型三：It is ＋ 过去分词 ＋ that ?

A. 常这样用的形容词有：

appropriate 适当的 advisable 适当的，合理的 better 较好的 desirable 理想的 essential 基本的，实质的 imperative 迫切的 important 重要的 insistent 坚持的 necessary 必要的 natural 自然的 strange 奇怪的 unusual 不寻常的 urgent 紧迫的 vital 极其重要的

B. 常这样用的抽象名词有：pity, shame, no wonder

C. 常这样用的过去分词有：suggested, requested, required, proposed, desired,

ordered, recommended

1) It was natural that she (should) think so.

2) It is strange that he should have said so.

3) It is a great pity that he should be so careless.

4) It is desired that we should get everything ready by tonight.

2． 建议、命令、和要求等,谓语形式是“(should)+动词原形”。

常这样用的动词及其名词形式有：

ask 要求 advise 劝告、建议 determine 决定 decide决定 demand 要求 desire 渴望 command 命令 insist 坚持 intend 打算 prefer 宁愿 propose 提议 order 命令 recommend 推荐 request要求 require要求 suggest建议

1）I insist that she (should) do her work alone.

2）They proposed that all the plans should be discussed at the meeting.

3）They demanded that their wages (should) be increased.

[注] 当suggest意为“暗示”，insist意为“坚持认为（一个事实）”时，其后的宾语从句中不用虚拟语气。例如：

1）Her face suggested (暗示) that she was ill. So I suggested (建议) that she (should) be sent to the hospital immediately.

2) He insisted that he was right. 她坚持认为自己是对的。

3.

高考圈-让高考没有难报的志愿

[注] 主句中wish的各种时态都不影响从句的时态，从句连词that常常省去。

1）I wish I were ten years younger.

2）I wish I had gone to the football match last night.

3) I wish I could have talked to her then.

4）He wishes you would go and visit him.

4. as if, as though

1) She looked after the orphan as if he were her own child.

2) They are talking as if they had been friends for many years.

[注1] as if从句的虚拟语气用进行时态时，表示动作正在进行，如：

He heard a noise, as if someone were breathing.

[注2] 在It looks (seems, sounds) as if后的从句中，如果接近事实的可能性大，也可用陈述语气，如：

It looks as if it is going to rain.

5．

例如：

1）2) I would rather he visited us today/tomorrow.

3) I would rather he had visited us yesterday.

6．

动词过去式

should + 动词原形

1) It is time that the boy should go to school.

2) It is high time (that) the weather be improved.

7． （If only?！）

If only I knew the answer！

8． 用于表示祝愿的句子中

（三）情态动词中的虚拟语气

高考圈-让高考没有难报的志愿

一． 基本能力过关

1. Were it not for the snowy weather, we _____ all right.

A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be

2. _____ more careful, his ship would not have sunk.

A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been

C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been

3. _____ I you, I would go with him to the party.

A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were

4. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he _____ our chairman now.

A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be

5. Look at the terrible situation I am in! If only I _____ your advice.

A. follow B. would follow C. had followed D. have followed

6. I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I _____ fully occupied the whole of last week.

A. were B. had been C. have been D. was

7. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west, so it seems as if the sun _____ round the earth.

A. were circling B. circles C. is circling D. be circling

8. I wish I _____ with her.

A. would be B. am C. was D. were

9. If the Watergate Incident _____, Nixon would not have resigned from the presidency.

A. did not occur B. had not occurred

C. was not occurring D. be circling

10. He speaks Chinese as fluently as if he _____ a Chinese.

A. were B. had been C. is D. has been

11. John is so strongly built that he looks as if he _____ an elephant.

A. lifts B. is lifting C. lifted D. could lift

12. He described the town as if he _____ it himself.

A. had seen B. has seen C. saw D. sees

13. It is important that the TOEFL office _____ your registration.

A. will confirm B. confirm C. confirms D. must confirm

14. Without electronic computers, much of today’s advanced technology _____.

A. will not have been achieved B. have not been achieved

C. would not have been achieved D. had not been achieved

15. It’s about time people _____ notice of what women did during the war.

A. take B. took C. have taken D. will take

16. He’s working hard for fear that he _____.

A. should fall behind B. fell behind

C. may fall behind D. would fall behind

17. For a child to give up his less mature idea for a more mature one, it requires

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that the child _____ psychologically ready for the new idea.

A. is B. were C. be D. would be

18. I’d rather you _____ anything about it for the time being.

A. do B. didn’t do C. don’t D. didn’t

二． 高考名题连线

34. If only he _____ quietly as the doctor instructed, he wouldn’t suffer so much now.

A. lies B. lay C. had lain D. should lay

35. You can’t imagine that a well-behaved gentleman _____ be so rude to a lady.

A. might B. need C. should D. would

36. What would have happened _____ as far as the river bank?

A. Bob had walked farther B. if Bob should walk farther

C. had Bob walked farther D. if Bob walked farther

37. How I wish every family _____ a large house with a beautiful garden!

A. has B. had C. will have D. had had

38. It is hard for him to imagine what I would be doing today if I _____ in love, at the age of seven, with the Melinda Cox Library in my hometown.

A. wouldn’t have fallen B. had not fallen C. should fall D. were to fall

39. _____ be sent to work there?

A. Who do you suggest B. Who do you suggest that should

C. Do you suggest who should D. Do you suggest whom should

情态动词中的虚拟语气：

1.- How dangerous it was!

- Yes. But for the passer-by’s quick action, the girl ______.

A. was drowned B. could have been drowned

C. had drowned D. should be drowned

2. Amy did best in the English test. She _____ hard last week.

A. must have worked B. should have worked

C. should work D. must work

3.. You _____ those letters. Why didn’t you ?

A. should post B. should have posted C. must have posted D. ought to post.

4.. Why didn’t you tell me yesterday that you could lend me some money? I _____ money from the bank.

A. needn’t borrow B. can’t have borrowed

C. needn’t have borrowed D. may not have borrowed

5.--I stayed at a hotel while in New York.

.--Oh, did you? You _____ with Barbara.

A. could have stayed B. could stay C. would stay D. must have stayed

6. I didn’t send out my application form last week, but I _____ .

A. had B. would do C. should have D. might have to

7. You_____ this morning if you really wanted to see it yourself.

A. ought to come B. may have come

高考圈-让高考没有难报的志愿

C. ought to have come D. could come

8. As it turned out to be a small house party, we _____ so formally.

A. needn’t dress up B. didn’t have to dress up

C. might not have dressed up D. needn’t have dressed up

9. Oh, what a pity! It _____ so easy for me to bring those photographs. I wanted

to show you, but I’ve left them at the table at home.

A. would have been B. would be C. had been D. was

10. -- We expected you yesterday.

-- I’m sorry, I ______ you to say that I couldn’t be here until today.

A. must have called B. would be calling

C. could have been calling D. should have called

11. --I’m told that John had another car accident this morning.

--I believe not. He _____ so careless.

A. shouldn’t have been B. wouldn’t have been

C. couldn’t have been D. mustn’t have been

12. -- You didn’t hear me until now?

-- No, I must _____ soundly when you came in.

A. have been sleeping B. have slept C. be sleeping D. slept

13. Your mother was really anxious about you. You _____ home without a word.

A. needn’t leave B. mustn’t leave C. couldn’t have left D. shouldn’t have left

14. -- Did you go to the movie the day before yesterday?

-- No. We ______ , but we decided not to.

A. should have gone B. could go C. should go D. could have gone

15. The room is in a terrible mess; it _____ cleaned.

A. can’t have been B. shouldn’t have been

C. mustn’t have been D. wouldn’t have been

16. Jack _____ yet, otherwise he would have telephoned me.

A. mustn’t have arrived B. shouldn’t have arrived

C. can’t have arrived D. need not have arrived

17. He hesitated for a moment before kicking the ball, otherwise he ____ a goal.

A. had scored B. scored C. would score D. would have scored

18. I was on the highway when this car went past followed by a police car. They

_____ at least 150 kilometers an hour.

A. should have done B. must have been doing

C. could have done D. would have done

19. – Catherine, I have cleaned the room for you.

-- Thanks. You _____ it. I could manage it myself. (2005)

A. needn’t do B. needn’t have done C. mustn’t do D. shouldn’t have done

虚拟语气参考答案：

1-5 ABDDC 6-10 DADBA 11-15 DABCB

16-20 ACB 34-35 CC 36-39 CBBA

情态动词

高考圈-让高考没有难报的志愿

1-5：BABCA 6-10 CCDAD 11-15 CADDA 16-19 CDBB

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