托福学习经验及综合写作满分作文范文

115

我从小就不喜欢英语,更别说学习了,但是自从老爸逼着我出国以后,对我晓之以情动之以理,木有办法,才开始学英语
经过将近一年的血拼,才考到了115分,我是着实不容易,这其中艰辛呀

阅读——不拿满分对不起自己
  首先,不要通篇读完再做题。托福的阅读题除了最后两道以外,都是以段落顺序排下来的。所以,看完一段做相应的题,再按 next.
  然后,要背单词。很多人说,我不背单词,直接在做 TPO 的时候积累遇到的单词也没问题啊。我的观点是,背单词只是让你在一开始有个印象,做 TPO 的时候能想起来这个背过,然后再在做 TPO 的期间,做一个 TPO 的单词积累。这样才扎实。
  *随带一提我对单词的标准:听到它就像听到 Food 这个词一样熟悉~(吃货记住了哟)
  *做单词词义选择题的时候如果你认识这个词,根本不需要把它放回原文。(再度重申单词的重要性哟)这就又节省了时间了吗。
  第三,做题要细致。我一开始的时候,TPO 阅读经常在 24 分徘徊,后来我一分析,发现不是我看不懂,而是做题的时候不够细致,该做的步骤没做全。举个栗子~如果题目是要把句子放在合适的地方,就要分析可以选择的 几个地方,所在段落的结构和行文逻辑。以最快速度抓到明显转折、分点、举例、指代,这种就最好啦,直接对应句子中 however、it/she/he/they 这种词。没有就继续分析结构,看看这句话到底是哪一句的支撑论据呢,还是对立观点呢,还是进一步的阐述呢。
  第四,控制时间。我每篇阅读都在 13 分钟左右(波动约 1 分钟),你熟悉自己做题的速度之后,就能在考场上安排好时间,调整好心情。在考场不像一个人做题,大家开始时间不一样,各种声音都会有的,特别是你在阅 读,人家还在调试设备,在念“Describe your city”的时候(我的遭遇)。如果第一篇阅读因为受到影响拖到了 20 几分钟(我的情况),可是你熟悉自己的速度,就能知道自己是够时间的(或者需要稍微提速),心情就能淡定下来。【如雪的小习惯】
  1.阅读从来不回头看,做完一篇过一篇。
  2.有一本专门用于积累 TPO 词汇的【活页】笔记本,不仅记单词本身、中文解释,还记它所在的句子。做一套记一篇,考前一天就只看了它。
  其实阅读满分不难,背了单词从 TPO15 开始刷,一天一套,做完自己反思分析。中国学生强项不多说~
  听力——做好积累
  我没有用过听写包(任何的类型),就只是好好的做 TPO 的听力,然后反思。反思的步骤做好了事半功倍:
  *做完一套题,反思要趁热打铁立刻做!
  首先,把 report 里面显示错了的题所在的那个 lecture 听一遍,找出自己为什么错了(我通常是因为走神听漏),如果听完还不懂为什么错了,去看解析。
  然后,不要看文本,把这套题的听力挨个听一遍,如果听到不懂的词,去看文本,积累下来。(还是那本活页本)
  第三,没了??每个星期把这个星期的积累看一遍。

我的情况:
  从一开始就没有听不懂整篇文章或是跟不上的时候(会不会被打)所以,如果大家有酱的情况,那还是要做做额外的练习。可以从比 TPO 慢 10%的材料开始,渐进到超过 TPO 的 SSS(科学美国人科学系列)。这是下载的地址
  我觉得跟着一句句复述挺好的,听写太费时。
  口语——不需要高级,要的是流畅
  不用句式不用高级词汇,怎么流畅怎么来,看的是语音语调和流利。都是明确观点,再跟论据。你全部 firstly,secondly 都没问题。
  综合部分 推荐看小马的真题预测,在托福资料下载专区可找到
  独立部分 注意听力笔记要有结构,别一直顺着记下来。能用脑记的就别用笔记,一心两用对我来说很难。周围没人考,我都是自己录音自己听,听完自己的,看哪里不好再录一遍。多练练 25 以上没问题,我是有题没说完。
  *我语音语调很正,需要纠正这一方面的同学可以平时朗读材料给身边腻害的人听~
  写作——全文套模板就好
  综合写作背一个万用模板,上去直接开套。为了保证能够熟练地套,考前两天一天练一篇综合。要满分争取写到 350,平时 300+就好,考场你会快的相信我。我写了 310 好像。*活页本上积累提出观点的 10 个讲法,写的时候保证不重样、亮瞎评卷老师。
  我的积累跟大家分享一下:
  要人想象的时候:suppose/Consider 用起来,别老 imagine
  提观点:contend/point out/suggest/hold/claim/argue/…
  表示不令人信服:unconvincing/untenable/cast doubt on/…
  不需要用脑,认真听听力里面的 argument 跟支撑的论据
  开套整个模板就好。
  独立写作——没错就是高中语文八股文的英文版传闻想满分一定要 450 左右,其实我才写了 390 字左右(波动在 5 个字)不要为了字数乱写啊,虚掉的文章分不高。
  1.结构:高中语文三段式
  一面倒观点有时候不好写,是因为找不到好的三个论点,那就分类讨论啊没错,很多人觉得托福是不能分类的,事实是可以的。
  总起-前面两段分类讨论-让步段-结尾
  *不要在结构上想着标新立异,没必要,时间少。
  *论点不要花超过 3 分钟去想,三观不是偏成神经病都没问题,还不如把时间用在内容写充
  实。
  2.每段段首的论点句能写多漂亮就写多漂亮虚拟语气,高级词汇,固定表达,从句,反问句(不要太不正式的那种)能用就用因为考官先看总起段跟结尾段,然后就看每段开头第一句了!
  3.一定要举例子:但是不是所有栗子都举得漂亮。
  描述栗子的时候就是看你语言功底的时候,有什么固定搭配俗语地道表达这时候全上就对了,
  栗子讲得生动很讨好。
  发散思维很重要,看过的书看过的电影所有身边的事情都能讲。
  4.当然要提前想好开头结尾和过渡词语啊,这些平时写个 2-3 篇作文就能记住啦。所有这些理论都是没用的,自己不把它实践到写作上就一点用都没有,不是你自己的。所以每周 2-3 篇作文是必要的。一开始不用掐时间,能熟练之后,最后一周掐时间练速度就
  好啦。(有人可能会缩,我没有英文积累肿么办,还能肿么办,去积累啊偷懒的方式是,去看无老师啊小马啊 TPO上面的作文材料、范文,然后自己默默拿粗小本本记下来~)
  阅读听力和写作都是能够拿满分的,所以不要想得很难,要相信这一点。
  放轻松~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
  考前三天我在干嘛:
  第三天:刷了一套旧题的阅读听力,看活页本的单词积累,写了一篇综合作文。第二天:早上把单词书翻了一遍(快速地),下午练了几十条口语题目,晚上听了个 小马托福的考前写作讲座。写了一篇综合作文。倒数第一天:早上看积累,写综合跟独立作文各一篇,做了一套旧题的阅读跟听力(当时出来才 24 分,吓死我,当时好忐忑)
  *温馨小提示
  开搞托福之前要做的准备:
  1.电脑上装好 TPO 软件
  2.下载好所有 TPO 的阅读原文、阅读解释、听力原音、听力文本、听力解析
  3.王玉梅的词汇书,我只用了这一本。(我六级 600+)  4.报好名(Deadline 果然是第一生产力)
  5.做粗一份时间安排(很重要!没做之前我是严重的拖延症,做了之后每次拖会 feel guilty)
  6.整理好心态,给自己一个目标,它可以很高(求其上者得其中哦,求 120 拿 113 哦)
  刚刚拿到分肾上腺素过高,就来码个攻略~
  祝大家跟托福成功分手~
  也祝我这只大三狗期末考成功~
  鞠躬。

听力一个月从10分到30分的经验!!非大牛学弱

好吧,我真不是标题党,但是这是真实的情况。考托福已经是半年前了,当然我和大部分考生不一样的就是,别人都是为了出国考托,我纯粹是为了以后就业。考了一个国内没什么名气的一本,然后一直喜欢英语,六级也裸考低分通过了,然后看了老罗的演讲(不知道老罗请自动忽略),就打算当英语老师。然后发现貌似出国培训比较赚钱啊,于是就开始准备托福了好了不扯淡了,进入正题,我是怎么复习的:


阅读:首先说阅读,基本上阅读是你整个考试的基础,很多人说听力是基础,因为除了阅读,其他三项都有听力,话是这么说,但是听力要牛逼也要有前提条件啊,那听力的前提条件是什么啊,就是阅读啊,如果一段话你读都读不懂,就更别指望听懂了!(当然,也有例外,比如不识字的文盲),所以我觉得阅读是基础。阅读决定了你听力口语以及写作的上限,你的阅读量,决定你是否肚里有货。但是我之前说了我能过6级基础自然就还可以了,所以阅读也没费太多事情,第一套TPO就是21分,之后练练速度,熟悉了考试,钻研了10套左右TPO就没再练习了,最终27分。还可以。


口语:从小跟着乡土气息的老师啊,那个发音惨不忍睹啊,和我一样的举手啊,尼玛从小到大也没遇见过一个可以把th和v发准的老师,天天听到的都是3q weli much啊。所以口语也没报太大期望,但是我把材料背得熟,发音什么的也无所谓啦,口语就一个字,背,背的材料呢是我老师给我的素材,具体什么素材我之后就会讲到,反正呢总之就是背,然后按照评分标准,逻辑啊什么展开啊搞起了,最终21,可以了,要求不高。主要是看培训机构的招聘要求说当老师并不一定要门门都高哈哈哈。


写作:写作是弱项,以后也没打算教,随便糊弄一下,18,就那样了。


听力:听力是我最要说的,因为我提高最大!第一次做TPO1尼玛才得了10分,当时好打击啊我毕竟也是从小被夸英语好六级也过了的人好么,这哪是哑巴英语啊这是聋子英语才对啊,聋哑英语好了,不过也确实是听不懂,TPO语速比四六级快多啦。所以我就下定决心要把听力提高,不能像作文和口语一样糊弄,一是我觉得,听力确实重要,毕竟影响交流啊,二是,要当老师,光阅读一门高实在有点拿不出手,不要求你四门高起码得2门牛逼啊,中国阅读牛逼的一抓一大把啊。再一个就因为我比较喜欢看电影和美剧,听懂了英文的笑话和对白,比看翻译更有乐趣有木有!!!听力练习一开始走了弯路了,因为我当时不知道从哪里听说听写是个好方法,于是就去傻不拉几的听写。听写啊,TPO1就听了我一个星期,图书馆找资料啊,蜂鸟啊,去小学听课的马修啊我到现在做梦都记得,可是听写的弊端我也发现了,就是——慢!!!!真心尼玛慢啊,有时候一个上午也写不了几段,想杀人砸笔记本的新都有了。后来发现不行,就各种网上找方法。这里给大家推荐一个老师,微博上叫“吴彧Allen",是老罗以前的托福听力口语老师,口语和讲课都超赞的!然后就按照他写的方法练习,不用听写,效果还更好,瞬间觉得解脱了有木有!具体的方法就是跟读加泛听(具体的方法放在后面大家多回复啊啊啊啊!!!),跟读就是录音放一句,停,读,然后大概翻译,这样就比写快多了有木有,然后反复反复再反复,有时候两天一套TPO,也累,是真累,可是比听写那是快多了,还顺便练习了口语,吴彧老师说跟读是现有方法中效率最高的,不能同意更多啊!!然后就是泛听,泛听就是把跟读过的材料放在一边随意的放,我也随意的听,让你习惯考试的语速(其实那语速差不多就是美国人正常说话的语速)就这样坚持,每天起码5小时,超级辛苦。但是还好坚持下来了,这样大概听了大概十几套TPO吧,然后突然有一天发现,诶泛听的时候,几乎百分之九十八的听力内容就可以秒懂了。那个幸喜啊,那个爽快啊,比我当年玩暗黑掉了个顶级暗金还爽啊。然后坚持了一个月就去考试了,从头到尾听下来,十分确定一定以及肯定自己会是满分,因为全都听到了。实力碾压木有办法。


总结:相对于其他考生,可能我没那么大压力,这是我唯一的优势把,但是怎么说呢,想学好,一定要付出辛苦,这一关是逃不掉了,好些和我一起开始的同学,后来都放弃了。我现在看英文电影,只要是生活片,第一遍就可以懂九成,然后马上也准备去当老师了,哈哈梦想实现了。总之一句话,要成功,先发疯。


资料推荐:单词书选新东方的就可以了,市面上单词书都差不多。只要能背下来就行,基础好的,直接上托福单词,不好的,先背四级单词吧。然后其他的资料,除了TPO模考软件,都是向吴彧的群要的,群号是 373671573,验证信息报我的名(哈哈猛犸象或者哈哈没电了),群里管理员都是我后辈了哇哈哈。


最后再说一次,要成功,先发疯。最后把吴彧写的听力方法长微博和一些资料贴在隐藏里,大家多回复啊!

吴彧听力方法长微博贴这里,其他的资料想要就加群吧,我就不一个个发了,累逼。。

一:网络故事书(web-storybook service)
reading
网络故事书的好处
1.可以教小朋友读书
2.经济实惠,家长不需要为孩子买书了
3.可以代替父母陪伴孩子,为家长节省时间
lecture
反驳
1.使用时不能和小朋友互动(ask question and get feedback)
2.网络上的故事都是过时的,要想读新故事还是要买书(不足)
3.父母与孩子一起读书可以增进感情
例文: The speaker rebuts the reading's argument by pointing out

the inadequacy of the web-storybook services' interaction with children, the incompleteness of the data pool, and by undermining the assumption that saving parents' reading time is a benefit.

The speaker begins by stating that merely pronouncing the words and story for the children will not provide adequate learning experiences. Despite the time saved and pronunciation utilities laid out in the reading, the web services can only respond with "correct" or "not correct". The lack of feedback to children's questions will not create an effective learning process.

Then the speaker goes on to argue that the current web-storybook services have a very limited collection of books, thus not being able to save parents the cost of new books as the reading states, because the parents still have to buy many books that the web services do not provide.

Lastly, the speaker challenges the validity of the assumption of saving parents' time to read stories to children. The reading argues that saving the time is a benefit for the parents, but the speaker maintains that the whole point of reading stories is far beyond reading stories alone. In contrast, it is an essential way of communicating and building relationship between parents and children.

二:药品广告(drug advertisement)
提出命题:药品广告所提供的信息都是客观全面的,且病人对药物了解得越多越好
1.病人可以更多了解处方药的相关信息(information)
2.医生开药时,病人可以与广告上进行比较,有利于选药
3.通过广告,病人可以了解到新药的发展,提醒医生
挑战命题:病人不需要对药物了解太多,因为有时候了解得太多会对非专业的病人产生困扰,而且广告所提供的信息也不完整全面
1.广告通常只有宣传好处,对副作用(side effects)一笔带过,病人很难判断
2.病人对药物的准确用法用量不了解,可能会用错
3.广告只宣传新药,对旧药没有宣传,但是针对不同的病情,也许旧药更为合适

The speaker raises serious counterarguments against the reading paragraphs by providing drastically different evidences regarding

the effects of the advertisement, the impact of self-selecting medication, and the impact of trends in the pharmaceutical industry.

Firstly, knowing more information from the ads will not necessarily help the patients make better-informed decisions, as the reading argues.On the contrary, patients, without professional training and knowledge, will be more susceptible to misunderstanding information. For example, they would focus only on the positive sides of a certain medicine while ignoring the serious side effects.

In addition, if the patients bear the responsibility of prescribing their own medication, they assume more responsibility to their own health. This makes doctors less liable for potential risks and undesirable consequences.

Lastly, as for the new trends' benefits to the patients, the speaker does not challenge the reading directly. Instead, he argues that the new medicine, which will count for most of the ads may not necessarily be the best medicine, even though the patients can inform their doctors about the new products.

三:网络问卷(web based survey)
reading

网络问卷相对传统问卷的优势

1.调查范围更广,所以调查结果就更为准确(逻辑错误:参加人多并不代表范围广,也不能保证效果好)
2.发放,填写和收集问卷更加方便简单
3.成本低

lecture
反驳网络问卷的优势
1.所取得的调查结果不全面(biased),因为不是所有人都会上网,中老年人上网会比较少,而年轻人上网比较多
2.成本并不会低,因为一个好的网络问卷需要一个团队的大量工作(提出新的证据:网络问卷也需要成本和人力资源)
3.大多数人对网络问卷都不严肃,会得到不正确的信息,容易混淆视听。
例文: The speaker questions the effectiveness of web based surveys by providing evidences contradictory to the reading.

Firstly, he identified the reading's logical flaw in assuming that an increase in the scope and quantity of the survey will automatically translate to greater precision of the surveys. However, if surveys aim to question people over 60 years old, how can these old people conduct surveys online since this group seldom surf the Internet? The web surveys are effective in reaching mainly the young generation. Thus the results cannot be extended to demonstrate the views of the whole population.

Secondly, although the web-based surveys will lower paper cost, they will inevitably incur new costs in web designing, flashy features, and other elements, which will require more costly team work. This evidence effectively attacks the reading's argument that web surveys will certainly reduce the cost of the survey.

In the end, many web designers tend to overdo in the webpage and add fancy and flashy features. As a result, many people perceive the web-based surveys as not serious and are thus not willing to respond to the surveys. Unlike physical surveys that draw attention effectively, many web based surveys are simply ignored or even deleted.
四:打分偏高(inflation of marks)
reading
老师给学生打的分数越来越高
1.分数打得低会减低学生的学习意志
2.会影响教师自己的测评结果
3.因为别的老师给的成绩高,如果不跟着给高分,学生出去找工作会吃亏
lecture
解决方案
1.应从小灌输正确的学习观念,不应因一次小失利而丧失信心
2.教师的评测可以改在学期结束前进行,这样学生的成绩就不会影响到评测结果
3.企业在选拔人才时可以看学生在班级中的排名而不是单纯的成绩
例文:The speaker challenges the reasoning that supports the current inflation in  

college grading system, provides very specific alternatives to teacher evaluation timing and employer methodology in judging a student.

The speaker firstly argues that the inflated grades will not enable students to truly know their weakness, not to mention improve upon them. According to the reading, low grades will discourage students. The speaker rebuts this point and argues that the true meaning of education is not just to satisfy students.  Letting the students make progress is the purpose and inflated grades will not help students in this way.

As for the reading's concerns that low grades will adversely affect teachers' evaluation, the speaker offers a solution. By finishing the teachers' evaluation before the end of the semester, we can sever the connections between the students' grades and teachers' evaluations.

Lastly, the speaker argues that the school does not have to follow the trend of inflated grades invariably. The reading argues that if the school does not follow the trend, their students will be discriminated, the lecture says that this problem can be solved by providing a weighted relative score. This score will pinpoint a student's percentile in the whole student body and show the other students' scores, thus allowing employers to clearly position the student among the entire student body.
五:加氟自来水(adding fluoride in public water)
reading
在自来水中加氟的好处
1.防止蛀牙
2.杀死细菌
3.对骨骼有好处(decrease bone diseases)

lecture

反驳
1.自来水并不会留在口中,对防止蛀牙没有帮助
2.氟会与输水管(water pipe)中的化学物质反应,产生有毒物质,其危害大于细菌
3.过量的氟会使骨骼变脆
例文:The speaker refutes the reading's argument about the benefits of adding fluoride to pipe water by providing contradictory evidence about

pipe water's fluoride's effectiveness in preventing cavities in teeth, killing bacteria, and decreasing bone diseases.

  Firstly, the speaker points out that the short contact of fluoride with teeth will not enable the fluoride to prevent cavities, as the reading argues.Instead, the water will pass the mouth and teeth quickly and go directly to the stomach.

Another argument raised in the lecture is that fluoride could undergo chemical reactions with heavy metals in the pipe, such as lead. This will create toxic substances which will pose serious health threat. In this way fluoride could be even more deadly than bacteria. Although the fluoride, as the reading says, will kill some bacteria, the cure here is worse than the disease.

In the end, the speaker maintains that overdose of fluoride will backfire to human bones. Although the reading illustrates that fluoride will improve bone strength, the lecture says overdose will cause serious damage to human bones.

 
六、伦勃朗的油画

The lecture revises the idea presented in the text, that Rembrandt was not the artist who painted the famous painting "Portrait of an Elderly Woman in a White Bonnet”.

   The inconsistency between the white cap, which identifies the woman as a servant, and the expensive fur collar she wears dissolves as the Professor explains that the fur collar was apparently painted over the original painting to increase its worth by displaying an aristocratic woman.

   In addition, the assumption that light and shadow in the painting do not fit together is refuted by the fact that in the original painting, the woman wears a light cloth that illuminated her face. Thus the presentation of light and shadow was indeed very realistic and accurate, as it is characteristic of Rembrandt’s paintings.

Finally, the mystery of the panel consisting of patches glued together is also solved in the lecture. Actually, the wood panel was later enlarged to make it more grand and valuable, but the original painting was painted on a single panel, as Rembrandt would have done it. Furthermore, the wood is of the same tree used in other Rembrandt paintings, like the "Self-Portrait with a Hat”.

All the information point out that Rembrandt is the painter of the controversial painting.

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