四六级作文分析及范文

Part  1 从阅卷看作文备考

一、阅卷老师在语言方面主要从两个方面进行评判:
  1. 基本正确
  四、六级考生的最大问题不是写得太简单,而是严重错误太多。基础一般的同学即使使用小学或中学词汇和句型,只要使用得基本正确,也可以得到及格分数。考生最常犯的语言错误有三类:语法、拼写、标点。最常犯的语法错误包括:时态、冠词、主谓一致、名词单复数等。
  2. 丰富多变
  基础较好的同学,要想取得四、六级写作高分,应做到丰富多变。丰富多变体现在词汇和句型两方面。同一词语在一句话、一个段落乃至一篇文章中最好不要重复出现,应尽量使用同、近义词替换(无法替换的关键词除外)。例如:think可以替换为reckon, assume, argue等词。如果想不到同、近义词,可以使用上义词进行替换。此外,句型也应富于变化,不要拘泥于主谓宾句型,可以使用主系表、过去分词和现在分词短语作状语、不定式短语作状语、状语从句等多种句型。
  四级作文如果量化成句数,只需写10句左右;六级只需12句左右。全文应以短句为主,长短句相结合。所谓短句是指10个词左右的句子,不能全篇都是5、6个词的短句。同时,全文应有一定数量的长句,一般15~20词即可,太长则易冗赘。有的同学以为只写长句不写短句,就能取得高分,实际上老师看长句会觉得很累,以为你不会写短句,通常不会给高分。如果一篇中文作文每句都30多个字,定然晦涩难懂,英文也不例外。精炼的短句可以放在段首表示强调; 复杂的长句可以进行具体的论证、举例或描述。
二、高分真经
  (1)背诵
  背诵是提高英语综合能力的法宝,可分为以下5个层次:(1)精彩词汇;(2)精彩句型;(3)精彩句子;(4)万能框架;(5)经典范文。注意句子和句型不一样,精彩句子应作为单词来记忆。背诵前,确保自己已充分理解所有内容。
  语言学习有两个关键词——输入(INPUT)和输出(OUTPUT)。听力和阅读属于输入,考生处于被动状态,只需在考场上将听到和看到的东西弄懂。应对这种题目的技巧很多,容易在短期内提高。但口语和写作属于输出,考生必须变被动为主动,这很难在短期内突破。没有大量的输入,很难进行自由输出。
  四、六级写作需要在30分钟内完成一篇短文,共计120或150余字,很多同学叫苦不迭。但若将其改为中文作文,大家就会觉得易如反掌。原因何在?俗话说:“熟读唐诗三百首,不会做诗也能吟。”同学们从小到大背诵了大量中文佳作,可以随意组合,自由输出。然而,在英语学习中,多数同学只沉溺于背单词、抠语法、做阅读,很少有人背诵英文文章。正因为没有大量输入,写作才始终处于“挤牙膏”状态,想一句说一句,说一句翻译一句。
  提高英语写作要多读、多背、多写、多改。多读、多背是首要任务,是积累输入的关键。考生应大量积累经典英文句型、表达和范文,平时勤于背诵。
  有的同学问我,说自己背过很多英文文章,但上了考场还是大脑一片空白,什么都想不起来。这种情况很常见,主要有两个原因:一是没有进行造句的工作,只是盲目背诵。二是背得不够熟练。学习任何东西都讲究先求质,再求量。大家英语学了很多年,文章看了很多,为什么写作还是学不好?关键是量铺开了,但质没有上去。一篇文章应背到脱口而出的程度,如果还需要过脑子,就证明背得不够熟练。一知半解,背得再多也是徒劳。
  (2)默写
  背完经典范文后,进行默写。然后对照原文纠错,搞清楚错在什么地方。多数同学在写的时候都会犯小错误,如拼写、单复数、大小写等。这些就是你在写作中的弱点,也是阅卷老师最不能容忍的地方。培根说过:“Writing makes an exact man.”(写作使人精确。)只有默写下来你才会发现自己常犯哪些错误。
  (3)中译英
  中译英也是提高写作的好方法。根据范文的中文译文,将其按自己的理解译成英文。译完后,你就会发现自己的翻译和原文有很大差距,这些差距就是取得写作高分的关键。这时,对照范文,看看原作者是怎么写的,思考为什么这么写。同样的一句中文,范文中使用了哪些词汇和句型?你使用了哪些词汇和句型?学习范文使用不同的词汇和句型。通过不断练习,你的写作水平不知不觉就提高了。
  (4)写作
  模仿范文写作新的文章,套用范文的精彩词汇、句型、句子和框架。最初套用时可能比较生硬,但随着不断的积累,组合起来会越来越顺手。
  上述的高分策略是提高四、六级英语写作水平最有效的方法。在练习写作的初始阶段, 可勤查语法书和字典等工具书, 背记常用词和短语,以扩大词汇量,拓展知识面。背单词时要深刻理解所背词语的内在含义,并了解其使用环境。备考时,熟记一些过渡词、句型和范文,并进行仿写。考试时,使用学习过的、熟悉而有把握的词汇和句型,没有把握的句子,尽量采取“回避政策”,切忌自编自造汉语式的英语词组和句型。

Part 2   有效利用历年真题

对于历年真题的研读对于四、六级备考的重要性不言而喻,充分研究历年真题,了解出题思路、特点,对提高考试成绩能起到立竿见影的效果。但考生们只知道历年真题的重要性还是不够的,还要清楚的了解应该从哪些方面进行研究,如何做到对历年真题的充分有效利用,才能达到提高考试成绩的作用。
  建议一套真题可从3个方面去研究:
  1)词汇:熟悉和掌握真题中的所有词汇
  每套真题至少研究2周左右。学习讲究求精不求多,求质不求量;重点记忆四、六级词汇的核心含义即真题中考过的含义;所以四、六级词汇背诵要与真题研究相结合,在背诵词汇时,首要一定要把历年真题中的词汇搞定。
  2)选项:了解和掌握所有选项含义
  要搞清楚正确选项为什么正确、错误选项为什么错误。
  比如阅读题各选项的出处,来自于文章的第几段、第几句话等,研究错题:错的题目是你的弱点,一定得改善,否则分数永远提不高。
  3)句子结构:了解和掌握所有句子结构。
  下面,就分题型的向大家介绍一下在如何分析利用历年真题来进行有效备考。
  一、词汇部分
  利用真题。边记单词边做真题,通过真题来巩固词汇记忆,查漏补缺。
  第一、态度要认真。在做题过程中遇到不认识的单词和词组不要怕麻烦,一定要认真总结下来并查出与之相关的用法,然后记忆。开始可能会遇到相当大的困难,但只要坚持两周,就会发现进步了很多。
  第二、要把历年真题的词汇题中不认识的单词一一记录并查字典。只要认真按照这个去做了,相信一段时间内词量汇一定会倍增。
  二、听力部分
  众所周知,听力部分在备考四、六级的重点,也是令同学们最头痛的,所以需要长时间积累,在备考的基础阶段,就要将听力部分提上日程。
  英文口语中有很多口语化的词汇是英语课本中没见过的,但是在听力中经常出现,这就要求大家平时要积极一些,注意积累。真题仍旧是最为重要的练习材料。
  建议大家把历年真题中出现的口语化语言积累起来以方便记忆。你需要准备英语历年听力真题。根据自身具体情况,制定每天的学习计划。比如早上或晚上某个时间段进行听力练习。到考试前,真题全部都认真听过了。在听的过程中,将没听清楚、不能确定、没及时反应出来的地方标出来反复听,对照参考答案认真分析。
  建议大家至少进和三轮的听力备考:
  第一轮:将没有听清楚和明白的地方标注出来。
  第二轮:第一轮中标注的地方仔细听,直到听懂,修改第一轮的答案。然后对照标准答案,错误地方的认真分析,标注。
  第三轮:边听边写下内容,可以先尝试短对话,再写写长对话,写完后对照原文,查漏补缺。
  三、阅读部分
  在阅读材料的选择上,建议仍以真题为主,这样最有针对性。如20##年到20##年的真题阅读需要全部细读琢磨几轮。还可以抽时间将真题朗读一遍以培养语感。
  在练习真题阅读时最好限制时间以便能掌握自己的做题速度,感受考试时的压力。只有在模拟考试的氛围中,你才能准确认识到自己的真实水平,存在的优势和不足,以便在今后的学习中有针对性地提高。阅读能力的提高需要大量地做题,每天坚持做3-5篇。建议第一遍做时严格按考试时间要求完成,第二遍对答案后,精读文本,把每个单词,每句话都弄懂. 看题目时要真正弄明白题目中句子的意思,如果没有准确理解问题,会导致你对照原文时不容易辨明真假,让你有种雾里看花的感觉。另外题目中的数量词、大写的人物名词,地点名词等都应该立即画下来做标记,这些词都是文章的路标,很可能就是出题点,根据这些路标很容易找到题目在文章对应的答案位置。
  四、综合(完型)
  在四、六级考试中,综合部分完形填空基本上是考语法和固定搭配的,所以只要把这两项抓上去就会有很大的提高。建议通过做历年真题,总结一下历年完形填空中出现的语法和搭配,同时认真把出现的近义词进行比较然后记忆。
  五、写作部分
  写作的备考更多的是长期的一个积累,需要在平时做阅读真题和读一些英文材料的时候,记住一些比较好的句型和句式,或是一些关键词的特殊用法,在写作的时候就可以把积累用上,当阅卷老师读到这些句型的时候,一般都会在分数上有多些照顾,还有就是注意写字也要多加练习,写得一手好的英文字也会给阅卷老师留下好的印象,还有就是审题要认真,千万不要跑题,语言也要保持连贯性,其它的比如语法层次、段落构思之类的也要考虑清楚。
  在研究历年真题时,对于作文部分,一定要细致的了解一下作文的出题思路,掌握历年高分作文范文的写作思路及结构,背诵经典句子,并不断用在自己的写作训练中,相信通过一段时间的练习,你自己的写作水平也会有很大进步。
  六、翻译部分
  对于翻译,要注意抓关键词,因为这些关键词是得分点,如果你把关键词丢了,即使句子的整体意思能翻译出来,得分也是有限的。多做真题翻译并对照答案解析,相信大家对关键词的敏感度就会提高。
  总之,英语学习是一项长期而艰巨的任务,四六级只是这个过程中非常小的一步,衷心地祈望同学们在备考四六级的过程中真正地培养起良好的学习习惯和方法,提高英语语言的运用能力,最好,祝同学们顺利通过四六级考试。

Part 3: 句型

以下是短文写作中使用率最高、覆盖面最广的基本句式,每组句式的功能相同或相似,同学们可根据自己的情况选择其中的1-2个,做到能够熟练正确地仿写或套用。

1.       表示原因

1)      Here are three reasons for this.

2)      The reasons for this are as follows.

3)      The reason for this is obvious.

4)      The reason for this is not far to seek.

5)      The reason for this is that...

6)      We have good reason to believe that...

例如:There are three reasons for the changes that have taken place in our life.Firstly,people’s living standard has been greatly improved.Secondly,most people are well paid, and they can afford what they need or like.Last but not least,more and more people prefer to enjoy modern life.

注:如考生写第一个句子没有把握,可将其改写成两个句子。如:Great changes have taken place in our life. There are three reasons for this.这样写可以避免套用中的表达失误。

2.表示好处

1)      It has the following advantages.

2)      It does us a lot of good.

3)      It benefits us quite a lot.

4)      It is beneficial to us.

5)      It is of great benefit to us.

例如: Books are like friends.They can help us know the world better,and they can open our minds and widen our horizons.Therefore,reading extensively is of great benefit to us.

3.表示坏处

1)      It has more disadvantages than advantages.

2)      It does us much harm.

3)      It is harmful to us.

例如: However,everything divides into two.Television can also be harmful to us.It can do harm to our health and make us lazy if we spend too much time watching television.

4.表示重要、必要、困难、方便、可能

1)      It is important(necessary,difficult,convenient, possible)for sb.to do sth.

2)      We think it necessary to do sth.

3)      It plays an important role in our life.

例如: Computers are now being used everywhere,whether in the government,in schools or in business.Soon, computers will be found in every home,too.We have good reason to say that computers are playing an increasingly important role in our life and we have stepped into the Computer Age.

5.表示措施

1)      We should take some effective measures.

2)      We should try our best to overcome(conquer)the difficulties.

3)      We should do our utmost in doing sth.

4)      We should solve the problems that we are confronted(faced)with.

例如:The housing problem that we are confronted with is becoming more and more serious.Therefore,we must take some effective measures to solve it.

6.表示变化

1)      Some changes have taken place in the past five years.

2)      A great change will certainly be produced in the world’s communications.

3)      The computer has brought about many changes in education.

例如: Some changes have taken place in people’s diet in the past five years.The major reasons for these changes are not far to seek.Nowadays,more and more people are switching from grain to meat for protein,and from fruit and vegetable to milk for vitamins.

7.表示事实、现状

1)      We cannot ignore the fact that...

2)      No one can deny the fact that...

3)      There is no denying the fact that...

4)      This is a phenomenon that many people are interested in.

5)      However,that’s not the case.

例如: We cannot ignore the fact that industrialization brings with it the problems of pollution.To solve these problems, we can start by educating the public about the hazards of pollution.The government on its part should also design stricter laws to promote a cleaner environment.

8.表示比较

1)      Compared with A,B...

2)      I prefer to read rather than watch TV.

3)      There is a striking contrast between them.

例如:Compared with cars,bicycles have several advantages besides being affordable.Firstly,they do not consume natural resources of petroleum.Secondly,they do not cause the pollution problem.Last but not least,they contribute to people’s health by giving them due physical exercise.

9.表示数量

1)      It has increased(decreased)from...to...

2)      The population in this city has now increased (decreased)to 800,000.

3)      The output of July in this factory increased by 15%compared with that of January.

例如:With the improvement of the living standard,the proportion of people’s income spent on food has decreased while that spent on education has increased.再如:From the graph listed above,it can be seen that student use of computers has increased from an average of less than two hours per week in 1990 to 20 hours in 2000.

注:“From the graph listed above,it can be seen that”见句式12。考生将句式9和句式12结合在一起,便可较好地写出20##年6月CET -4、6短文写作的第一段。

10.表示看法

1)      People have(take,adopt,assume)different attitudes towards sth.

2)      People have different opinions on this problem.

3)      People take different views of(on)the question.

4)      Some people believe that...Others argue that...

例如: People have different attitudes towards failure.Some believe that failure leads to success.Every failure they experience translates into a greater chance of success at their renewed endeavor.However, others are easily discouraged by failures and put themselves into the category of losers.再如:Do“lucky numbers really bring good luck?Different people have different views on it.

注:一个段落有时很适宜以问句开始,考生应掌握这一写作方法。

11.表示结论

1)      In short,it can be said that ...

2)      It may be briefly summed up as follows.

3)      From what has been mentioned above,we can come to the conclusion that ..

例如: From what has been mentioned above,we can come to the conclusion that examination is necessary,however, its method should be improved.
    注:例句1可用于任何一个段落的结论句;例句3则多用文章结论段的第一句。

12.套语

1)      It’s well known to us that ..

2)      As is known to us,...

3)      This is a topic that is being widely talked about.

4)      From the graph(table,chart)listed above,it can be seen that ...

5)      As a proverb says,“Where there is a will,there is a way.

例如: As is well known to us,it is important for the students to know the world outside campus The reason for this is obvious.Nowadays,the society is changing and developing rapidly,and the campus is no longer an “ivory tower.As college students,we must get in touch with the world outside the campus.Only in this way can we adapt ourselves to the society quickly after we graduate.

再如:Does it pay to be honest?This is a topic that is being widely talked about and different people have different opinions on it.

辩论中常用的句型:
  1. There is no doubt that…
  1. It is obvious/clear that…
  2. As is known to all,…
  3. (It’s) no wonder…
  He didn’t work hard and no wonder he lost his job.
  4. It goes without saying that…
  It goes without saying that healthy men are happier than sick men.
  5. What is more important, …
  6. I am convinced that….
  举例表示法:
  1. For example, the people’s economic status has been greatly improved.
  2. For instance, the economic status of the people has been improved.
  3. Let’s have an example. TV sets, refrigerators and recorders have become household necessities.
  1. …is a case in point.
  概述(用于图表作文)
  1. According to the figures given in the table.
  2. This chart shows that…
  3. As is shown by the graph, …
  4. It can be seen from the statistics that…
  5. It is generally believed/accepted/thought/held that … …
  6. There is   in   

    7. be on the (…在不断地增加,减少,上升、下降)
  Example: The number of students in the college has been on the rise in recent years.
  结尾句型:
  1. In my opinion, I am in favor of owning a car.
  2. Personally, I prefer to work in the country rather than in the city.
  3. In short, parents and children should learn to get through to each other.
  Only in this way can the most difficult problems be solved properly.
  4. In conclusion, we cannot achieve success without effort and hard work.
  5. As far as I am concerned, I agree with the opinion that “No pains no gains.”
  6. From the above analysis, we can see that…/ we come to the conclusion that…
  7. Only in this way can we…
  8. Only when we….can we…

  常用谚语
  1. As a popular saying goes, “Every coin has two sides”.
  2. As a proverb says, “Everything has two sides”. On the one hand, physical exercise is good for your health. On the other hand, if you don’t deal with it properly, it will do harm to your health. So we should look at the matter from two sides.
  3. As a proverb says, “Where there is will there is a way.”
  4. As a popular saying goes, “A man is known by the company he keeps.”
  5. As is known to all, “No pains, no gains”.
  6. To open a book is always beneficial
  7. All work and no play make Jack a dull boy.
  8. Knowledge is power.
  9. More haste, less speed.欲速则不达
  10. A good beginning is half done.
  11. Time and tide wait for no man.
  12. Every little (bit) helps.
  13. A little learning is a dangerous thing.
  14. It’s never too late to learn.
  15. Easier said than done.
  16. Actions speak louder than words.
  17. Opportunity knocks at the door only once.
  18. Failure teaches success.
  19. A life without a friend is a life without a sun.
  20. A contented mind is a perpetual feast.
  21. God helps those that help themselves.
  22. Early to bed, and early to rise, makes a man healthy, wealthy and wise.
  23. Never put off until tomorrow what can be done today.
  24. To read without reflecting is like eating without digesting.
  25. If you want to understand today, you have to search yesterday.
  26. Honesty is the best policy.
  27. Each man has his limitation.
  28. Don’t put the cart before the horse.
  29. A friend is easier lost than found.
  30. A good medicine tastes bitter.
  31. Things done cannot be undone.
Part 4 写作例句

  温室效应  This is not an easy task, so nations should work together to prevent this global disaster, at the same time ordinary citizens should do their part.  这项工作任重道远,所以各个国家要联合起来共同组织这场全球性的灾难,同时每个公民也要尽自己的一份努力。

  人口爆炸  Campaigns should be launched to raise the awareness of family planning, safeguarding the environment and slowing the population growth.  我们应该开展各种活动增强人们对于计划生育,保护环境和控制人口增长方面的意识

  地球环境  It is time for us to take measures as it is each citizen’s responsibility to save our mother earth.

  是需要采取措施的时候了,因为保护地球母亲是每个公民的职责。

  There is only one earth which we can live in. we can’t afford to lose it. The environmental protection is safeguarding of our own life.  我们所居住的地球只有一个,我们无法失去她。保护环境就是守护我们自己的生命。

  Only in this way can we pursue comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development and make a harmonious society come true.  只有这样我们才能实现全面协调可持续发展,构建和谐社会。

  As is well known to all, the conservation-minded society is advocated through China, let’s practice what one preaches.

  资源浪费  In conclusion, we should limit the overuse of the natural resources and protect our living environment in order to maintain the balance of environment.  总而言之,我们需要限制自然资源的过度使用,保护我们的生存环境,以便维持生态环境的平衡

  全球变暖  it is only by united efforts of everyone dwelling on the earth that our planet can be redeemed, so can our lives.  只有每一个居住在地球上的人携手合作,才有希望拯救我们的地球,拯救我们自己。

  Only in this way, can we create a stronger, healthier and more beautiful world.

  只有通过这种方式我们才能创造一个更加强大健康和魅力的社会。

  医患关系  We believe with the promotion of medical ethics, the relationship between doctors and patients will become more harmonious.  我们相信随着医德的提升,医患关系将变得更加和谐。

  盲目跳槽  Before every blind jump, we should keep in mind that it has to take a certain period of time before understands himself and then achieves great success.  每次盲目跳槽之前,我们要铭记只有在一定的时间后我们才能了解自己并且取得成功

  男女平等  Women will contribute to the society as much as men do, as we should give the same stage to perform.

  女性和男性一样能为社会做贡献,因此我们要给他们一个平等的舞台表现。

  空巢现象  In a word, only when the young and the elderly make joint efforts can the elderly parents spend their remaining years in happiness.  总之,只有年轻人和老年人共同努力,老年父母才能拥有幸福的晚年。

  邻里缺少沟通

  What I believe is that we should be aware of the necessity to step out of the doors and build a friendly relationship with others. In return, a warmer and more harmonious society could become possible.

我认为我们必须意识到走出房门去建立友好的人际关系是非常必要的。这样才能可能构建一个更温暖更和谐的社会。

  冷漠

  In a word, each individual should pay more attention to others as well as the world outside.

  一句话,每个个体也要从自己的世界走出来,更多地注意他人和外部世界。

  五一长假

  All in all, I hope that government would adjust the schedule and let people enjoy a true week-long vacation.  总之,我希望政府能调整计划让人们享受一个真正的长假。

Part 5 提高英语写作分数的88个词组

    1.经济的快速发展 the rapid development of economy

  2.人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长the remarkable improvement/ steady growth of people’s living standard

  3.先进的科学技术 advanced science and technology

  4.面临新的机遇和挑战 be faced with new opportunities and challenges

  5.人们普遍认为 It is commonly believed/ recognized that…

  6.社会发展的必然结果 the inevitable result of social development

  7.引起了广泛的公众关注 arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

  8.不可否认 It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…

  9.热烈的讨论/ 争论 a heated discussion/ debate

  10. 有争议性的问题 a controversial issue

  11.完全不同的观点 a totally different argument

  12.一些人 …而另外一些人 … Some people… while others…

  13. 就我而言/ 就个人而言 As far as I am concerned, / Personally,

  14.就…达到绝对的一致 reach an absolute consensus on…

  15.有充分的理由支持 be supported by sound reasons

  16.双方的论点 argument on both sides

  17.发挥着日益重要的作用 play an increasingly important role in…

  18.对…必不可少 be indispensable to …

  19.正如谚语所说 As the proverb goes:

  20.…也不例外 …be no exception

  21.对…产生有利/不利的影响 exert positive/ negative effects on…

  22.利远远大于弊 the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages。

  23.导致,引起 lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in

  24.复杂的社会现象 a complicated social phenomenon

  25.责任感 / 成就感 sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement

  26. 竞争与合作精神 sense of competition and cooperation

  27. 开阔眼界 widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision

  28.学习知识和技能 acquire knowledge and skills

  29.经济/心理负担 financial burden / psychological burden

  30.考虑到诸多因素 take many factors into account/ consideration

  31. 从另一个角度 from another perspective

  32.做出共同努力 make joint efforts

  33. 对…有益 be beneficial / conducive to…

  34.为社会做贡献 make contributions to the society

  35.打下坚实的基础 lay a solid foundation for…

  36.综合素质 comprehensive quality

  37.无可非议 blameless / beyond reproach

  39.致力于/ 投身于 be committed / devoted to…

  40. 应当承认 Admittedly,

  41.不可推卸的义务 unshakable duty

  42. 满足需求 satisfy/ meet the needs of…

  43.可靠的信息源 a reliable source of information

  44.宝贵的自然资源 valuable natural resources

  45.因特网 the Internet (一定要由冠词,字母I 大写)

  46.方便快捷 convenient and efficient

  47.在人类生活的方方面面 in all aspects of human life

  48.环保(的) environmental protection / environmentally friendly

  49.社会进步的体现 a symbol of society progress

  50.科技的飞速更新 the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology

  51.对这一问题持有不同态度 hold different attitudes towards this issue

  52.支持前/后种观点的人 people / those in fovor of the former/ latteropinion

  53.有/ 提供如下理由/ 证据 have/ provide the following reasons/ evidence

  54.在一定程度上 to some extent/ degree / in some way

  55. 理论和实践相结合 integrate theory with practice

  56. …必然趋势 an irresistible trend of…

  57.日益激烈的社会竞争 the increasingly fierce social competition

  58.眼前利益 immediate interest/ short-term interest

  59.长远利益. interest in the long run

  60.…有其自身的优缺点 … has its merits and demerits/ advantages and disadvantages

  61.扬长避短 Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones

  62.取其精髓,取其糟粕 Take the essence and discard the dregs。

  63.对…有害 do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to

  64.交流思想/ 情感/ 信息 exchange ideas/ emotions/ information

  65.跟上…的最新发展 keep pace with / catch up with/ keep abreast with the latest development of …

  66.采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth

  67.…的健康发展 the healthy development of …

  68.有利有弊 Every coin has its two sides。

  No garden without weeds。

  69.对…观点因人而异 Views on …vary from person to person。

  70.重视 attach great importance to…

  71.社会地位 social status

  72.把时间和精力放在…上 focus time and energy on…

  73.扩大知识面 expand one’s scope of knowledge

  74.身心两方面 both physically and mentally

  75.有直接/间接关系 be directly / indirectly related to…

  76. 提出折中提议 set forth a compromise proposal

  77. 可以取代 “think”的词 believe, claim, maintain, argue, insist, hold the opinion/ belief that

  78.缓解压力/ 减轻负担 relieve stress/ burden

  79.优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth。

  80.与…比较 compared with…/ in comparison with

  81. 相反 in contrast / on the contrary。

  82.代替 replace/ substitute / take the place of

  83.经不起推敲 cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water

  84.提供就业机会 offer job opportunities

  85. 社会进步的反映 mirror of social progress

  86.毫无疑问 Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…

  87.增进相互了解 enhance/ promote mutual understanding

88.充分利用 make full use of / take advantage of

Part 6写作常见错误分析

一、语法错误

(一)句子结构错误

1主从句叠置

1)                          There are more and more students like to use the computer.

2)                          There are still many problems should be noted and resolved.

2简单句叠置

I like chatting on line very much, I go to the net bar almost every weekend.

3从句叠置

As is known to all that computers play an important role in many fields of our life.

4句子成分缺失

If work hard, we will surely be successful.

5语序错误

1)        Why college students spend more and more time on the computer?

2)        I often wonder where have they got their money.

(二)动词错误

1.时态错误

Many people thought that the Internet will be more useful in the future.

2.语态错误

1)        I have excited several days at the news that you will come here.

2)        Most of the students satisfy with the service in the dining hall.

3.单复数错误

1)        Wise man seek opportunities rather than wait for them.

2)        Someone are afraid that computer may control men in the future.

4.非谓语动词错误

1)        Let me to represent everyone to say “hello” to you.

2)        Do exercise in the morning is good for one’s health.

3)        Having studied in our school for 3 years, the canteen service has changed a lot.

(三)代词错误

1)        We can use computers in doing everything you like.

2)        A college student should be able to do their washing on their own.

(四)冠词错误

1)        Horse is an useful animal.

2)        The exam will be held in the December, 2004.

(五)词性错误

1)        I wish you can consider my suggests.

2)        If a person wants to success, he must learn to endure sufferings and setbacks.

二、用词错误

1)        Students must know how to apply a computer.

2)        People can touch many new things on the Internet.

3)        The purpose of this letter is to react some opinions on the service in the dining hall.

三、表达习惯错误

1)        Why generated so large a change?

2)        Now 6000 yuan can buy a P4 computer.

3)        A room often lives 6-8 students.

4)        I think this great change has three reasons.

5)        The prices of the food are too expensive.

6)        The reason for this is because some people want to earn plenty of money without working hard.

四、标点符号及大小写错误

1)        However, every coin has two sides, I think the surroundings in our canteen are the best among all universities.

2)        The man was racing down the street. Because he was late for the class.

3)        At last I want to let you know, I love our university very much.

4)        My favorite sports are swimming、jogging、mountaineering and playing table tennis.

5)        The best English film in my eyes is《Forrest Gump》.

Part 7范文

1、环保类

  Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic On Water Shortage. You should write at least 150 words according to the outline given below in Chinese:

  1. 水资源短缺已成为严重问题    2. 造成水资源短缺的原因    3. 提出解决方案

                              On Water Shortage

  No one can have failed to notice the fact that water shortage is a grave problem with which the whole world is confronted. Actually, it has become so widespread that it has severely affected people’s daily life and hindered the development of the global economy.

  A number of factors could account for the problem, but the following might be the critical ones. First, with the development of agriculture and industry, an increasing amount of water is needed. Secondly, the ever-increasing population is another leading cause of water shortage. Besides, the global tendency of warming up also contributes to the problem. What’s worse, pollution and waste of fresh water aggravate the situation.

In view of the seriousness of the problem, effective measures must be taken before things get worse. First, it is essential that laws and regulations be worked out and enforced to protect water resources. Secondly, people should enhance their awareness of saving water. With these measures taken, it is reasonable for us to look for a brighter future.

2. My View on Off-campus Room Renting

1.       很多大学生在校外租房居住;2 学生校外租房的主要原因;3校外租房的利弊。

Nowadays, an increasing number of college students choose to rent rooms or apartments off campus instead of living in dormitories on campus.

There are probably three reasons for the popularity of room renting. To start with, it seems the best solution for students who cannot adjust to dormitory life and show incompetence in roommate relations. What’s more, many a senior lives outside to make better preparations for the thesis or examination. Finally, room renting means freedom to some students, who hate to be regulated by school rules.

It’s obvious that living off campus provides some convenience, more favorable conditions, for example. However, the disadvantages far outweigh the advantages in this case. Room renting is money-consuming for students. And escape is never the correct way out of maladjustment. Besides, too much freedom may result in indulgence and idleness. Therefore, we must think twice when considering living off campus.

3. My View on Changing the Major in University

1.大学生换专业的现象越来越普遍   2.这种做法是有利的

Recently it has become a common phenomenon for college students to apply for changing the major in college. In this way, they will be switched to another college on campus if their applications are approved

Although it may bring unfavorable consequences. we can be sure to conclude that this practice is favorable on the whole. To begin with, some students can't choose their major because their entrance examination scores are not satisfactory enough, and the new system of changing major gives them a second chance. Moreover, once they are learning their favorite major, they will probably be more confident and diligent than before. In the third place, students learn largely the same basic courses during the first one or two years, and changing major will not bring learning difficulties.

Weighing the pros and cons of such a new trend, we can naturally arrive at the conclusion that it is beneficial and rewarding. This system not only gives students a second chance to choose their major, but also prepares them for the coming competition.

4. Marriage and Divorce in Our Country

1.       以上图为依据描述我国结婚人数和离婚人数的变化情况; 2. 说明引起变化的各种原因.

    During the period from 1990 to 2000, the number of marriage decreased from 9. 51 million to 8. 48 million, while the number of divorce rose from 0. 8 million to 1. 21 million.

We believe that three reasons can account for this phenomenon. First, young people of marriage age are becoming fewer and fewer because of the family planning policy adopted since the late 1970s. Second, the current society is one where fierce competition takes place everywhere, and many young people can't and won't get married before they embark on a promising career. Third, today's people put more and more emphasis upon independence and freedom—they won't get married before they find an ideal partner, and they will not hesitate to say goodbye when the spark of love dies down.

The great change, in my mind, signals the fundamental shift in people's view on family and marriage This trend will probably continue as contemporary people pay more and more attention to high-quality marriage.

5. Practice Makes Perfect

A well-known proverb goes “Practice makes perfect”, which means that perfection lies in practice. Without practice, you can never expect to be really good at anything. On the contrary, the more you practice, the more likely you are to do things in a perfect way.

Taking a look around, we can find examples too numerous to list. The study of English is a case in point. If you wish to improve your pronunciation, you must practice pronouncing every English syllable again and again. Likewise, if you want to write an excellent composition, you have to sit down and write. Another example is Deng Yaping, the world No. 1 woman Ping-pong player. This short girl, who does not seem to be cut out for sports, owes her success to painstaking and perseverant practice.

In short, practice is essential if we want to make achievements in our studies or work, or indeed in any other aspect of our life. Practice, to some degree, can make the difference between being merely good at something and becoming a champion.

6. Never, Never Give Up
  We often hear people say, “Never give up.” These can be encouraging words and words of determination. A person who believes in them will keep trying to reach his goal no matter how many times he fails. In my opinion, the quality of determination to succeed is an important one to have. Therefore, I believe that we should never give up.
  One reason is that if we give up too easily, we will rarely achieve anything. It is not unusual for us to fail in our first attempt at something new, so we should not feel discouraged and should try again. Besides, if we always give up when we fail, we will not be able to develop new skills and grow as people. Another reason we should never give up is that we can learn from our mistakes only if we make a new effort. If we do not try again, the lesson we have learned is wasted. Finally, we should never give up because as we work to reach our goals, we develop confidence, and this confidence can help us succeed in other areas of our lives. If we never challenge ourselves, we will begin to doubt our abilities.
  In short, it is important that we do not give up when working for our goals. Whether we succeed in the end or not, we will learn something, and what we learn will help us to become better, more confident people. Furthermore, if we give up, we have non chance of attaining our goals, but if we keep trying, there is always a chance that we will succeed one day.
  参考译文:   永不放弃
  我们常听到人们说:“永远不要放弃。”这句话可能是要鼓励别人,也可能是表示自己的决心。相信自己的人,不管经历多少次失败,都会不断试着要达到目标。我认为,有成功的决心是每个人都应该有的重要特质。因此,我认为我们应该永不放弃。
  其中一个理由是,如果我们太轻易放弃,就几乎无法完成任何事。我们第一次尝试新事物会失败,这是很平常的事,所以我们不应感到气馁,而应该要再试一次。而且,如果我们总是一失败就放弃,就无法培养新技能并且不断地成长。我们应该永不放弃的另一个原因是,只有再努力一次才能从错误中学习。如果我们不再试一次,那么我们所学到的教训就白白浪费了。最后,我们应该永不放弃,因为当我们努力达到目标的时候,我们就会培养出自信,而这种自信将有助于我们在生活的其他领域中获得成功。如果我们不挑战自我,我们就会开始怀疑自己的能力。
  简言之,当我们努力追求目标时,永不放弃是很重要的。不管最后有没有成功,我们都会学到一些东西,而我们所学到的东西,将会使自己成为一个更好、更有自信的人。而且,如果放弃的话,我们就没有机会达到目标。但是如果能不断地尝试,总有一天我们一定会有机会成功的。

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