托福高分范文大全

  《托福高分范文大全》为新东方托福写作名师力作,集多年教学经验与研究成果于一体,是一本不可多得的托福写作备考辅导书。本书对对托福写作内容及评分标准进行了介绍,并提供了实用的写作方法和论证技巧。本书精选大量近几年考生亲历机经题目,题目涵盖了教育、科技、传媒、文化、社会、环保等几乎全部托福作文话题。独立写作部分提供了145篇考生所写高分范文,范文多角度、全方位展现了托福写作的各种论证技巧,且在文章结构、段落结构、句型结构以及用词方面都具有多样化的特色,可助考生开拓思路,提高写作技巧。综合写作部分精编了10道高仿真题目,模拟考试情境,提供高质量范文,同时附赠听力文章音频下载。本书所有范文均经中外托福写作专家严格审阅,考生可通过精读、背诵以及模仿来提高自己的写作水平,最终攻克托福写作难关。

  360教育集团金牌留学顾问老师介绍,《托福高分范文大全》精选近年考生亲历机经题目,题目涵盖教育、科技、传媒、文化、社会、环保等几乎全部托福作文话题。独立写作部分提供了145篇考生所写高分范文,范文多角度、全方位展现了托福写作的各种论证技巧,且在文章结构、段落结构、句型结构以及用词方面都具有多样化的特色,可助考生开拓思路,提高写作技巧。综合写作部分精编了10道高仿真题目,模拟考试情境,提供高质量范文,同时附赠听力文章音频下载。

 

第二篇:托福 课件 大全

本文由jwenxdkqzg贡献本文由冻冻丝贡献ppt文档可能在WAP端浏览体验不佳。建议您优先选择TXT,或下载源文件到本机查看。托福阅读教材分析Part 1: 托福考试四大部分 P1-P296 Reading Part Listening Part Speaking Part Writing Part Part 2: Text Part 8 Mini-Tests Part P297-P439 2 Complete Tests Part P440-P498 Part 3: Scores and Recording Script Answer Key P580-P671紫色光盘三个部分: Skill- Reading:词汇指代、句子、细节、篇章 Listening: basic reading, pragmatic understanding, connecting information Speaking: independent task, two integrated task Writing: integrated task, independent task Mini-tests: 8 mini-tests Complete Tests: 2 complete tests关于托福阅读, 关于托福阅读,你知 道多少? 道多少?一、从考试中认识托福阅读1.机考模式 Short Format 和 Long Format 机考模式: 机考模式 Short Format :60分钟内完成大约 分钟内完成大约36-42道题目 道题目; 分钟内完成大约 道题目 Long Format :100分钟内完成大约 分钟内完成大约60-70道题目 道题目; 分钟内完成大约 道题目 其中第一篇是20分钟独立完成 剩余两篇文章要求在40 分钟独立完成, 其中第一篇是 分钟独立完成,剩余两篇文章要求在 分钟内完成;如果出现加试,那么加试的两篇文章在40分 分钟内完成;如果出现加试,那么加试的两篇文章在 分 钟内完成。 钟内完成。 字数: 字数:650-750 words 题目数量: 题目数量:12-14道题 道题 分值: 分 总分30分 分值:1-4分,总分 分 文体:说明, 论述, 文体:说明, 论述, 记叙2.托福阅读题型 2.托福阅读题型Factual Information Questions Negative Factual Information Questions Inference Questions Rhetorical Purpose Questions Vocabulary Questions Reference Questions Sentence Simplification Questions Insert Text Questions Prose Summary Questions Fill in a Table Questions考试题型对应的测试技巧1.根据上下文线索推测词义 根据上下文线索推测词义——词汇,指代 词汇, 根据上下文线索推测词义 词汇 2.辨认同义复述与句子要点 辨认同义复述与句子要点——简化句子 辨认同义复述与句子要点 简化句子 3.辨认连贯 辨认连贯——句子插入题 辨认连贯 句子插入题 4.查读文章细节 查读文章细节——事实性问题 查读文章细节 事实性问题 5.理解作者举例或叙述细节的目的 理解作者举例或叙述细节的目的——修饰 理解作者举例或叙述细节的目的 修饰 6.作出推理 作出推理——推理题 作出推理 推理题 7.区别要点与次要论点或细节 区别要点与次要论点或细节——文章总结 区别要点与次要论点或细节 文章总结 8.对信息进行分析和分类 对信息进行分析和分类——信息归类 对信息进行

分析和分类 信息归类3.文章特点 3.文章特点文章题材: 文章题材: 科技:包括天文学,地质学,化学,数学, 科技 物理,生物,医药和工程 历史: 历史:传记,自传,政府,地理与文化 艺术: 艺术:文学,绘画,雕塑,舞蹈,戏剧,电 影与建筑 社会科学:人类学,经济学,心理学与社会 社会科学 学文章结构: 文章结构:阅读文章题材多样,但是基本结构比较固定, 主要有以下几种:总分结构 时间发展顺序 因果结构 引出问题, 引出问题,解决问题结构 比较和对比结构 分类结构4.托福阅读文章的出题原则 托福阅读文章的出题原则公正原则: 公正原则:选材范围上确定是北美部分 在选材的立场上也是表现其公正 态度原则: 态度原则:关于态度题是健康的,积极上进 重复原则: , , 重复原则:题材上重复,文章用词上重复,词汇 题重复 命题原则: 命题原则:应用原文信息提问 顺序原则: 顺序原则:出题顺序和文章议论的顺序是基本 一致的5.分数计算题目 42-41 40-39 38 37-36 35-33 32 31-30 29 28-27 分值 30 27-30 28 26-28 25-27 23-25 22-24 20-22 19-22 28-27 26 25-24 23 22-21 20 19-17 16-15 14 13-12 11 10-9 8 7-1 19-22 19-21 18-21 16-18 15-18 14-16 12-16 12-16 9-13 5-13 3-13 0-13 0-11 0-46.托福高分要求 6.托福高分要求阅读高分区22-23分,许多大学要求阅读在25分左 右。 1.Have a very good command of academic vocabulary and grammatical 熟悉掌握学术词汇与语法结构 2.Can understand and connect information, make appropriate inferences, and synthesize ideas, even when the text is conceptually dense and the language is complex 能理解信息并且将信息联系起来,能作出恰当推 断,能综合各个思想,即使文章概念多,语言难 也是如此3.Can recognize the expository organization of a text and the role that specific information serves within the larger text, even when the text is conceptually dense; 能辨认文章的说明结构以及具体信息在很 大的上下文所起到的作用,即使文章概念 多也是如此; 4.Can abstract major ideas from a text, even when the text is conceptually dense and contains complex language. 能从文章中精炼出主要观点,即使文章概 念总多,语言复杂也是如此。有多少因素影响托福阅读二、影响托福阅读的6大因素1.单词 四六级词汇为主 托福中常用的词 单词(四六级词汇为主 单词 四六级词汇为主,托福中常用的词 汇); 2.词组 词组看尾巴 词组(词组看尾巴 词组 词组看尾巴); 3.速度 速度; 速度 4.语感 多读托福阅读文章 每一篇读三遍 语感(多读托福阅读文章 每一篇读三遍, 语感 多读托福阅读文章,每一篇读三遍 多背) 多背 5.记忆力 记忆力 6.背景知识 擅

长于分类去积累背景知识 背景知识(擅长于分类去积累背景知识 背景知识 擅长于分类去积累背景知识)“Without grammar , little can be conveyed 、and without vocabulary , nothing can be conveyed!” !具体困难和解决策略1. 托福词汇A. why? 词汇在托福中的 1677 Survival words 作用:阅读能力的提高, 作用:阅读能力的提高 语 法的使用, 听力词汇, 法的使用 听力词汇 作文 4000 CET 4 词汇 6000 CET 6 what? 托福词汇有哪些 托福词汇有哪些? 7000 IELTS CET4作文和听力基础词 作文和听力基础词 8000 TOEFL 汇;CET6 +TOEFL专 专 业的科技名词,较难的动词 业的科技名词 较难的动词 1200 GRE 和形容词 0B.词汇的具体分类 词汇的具体分类主动词汇: 主动词汇: 可以被正确使用的 作文词汇, 作文词汇, 口语词汇 被动词汇: 可以被正确认知的 被动词汇: 听力词汇, 听力词汇, 阅读词汇a.主动词汇 a.主动词汇口语词汇: 口语词汇: 深挖小词 validity, expire, is good for作文词汇:词群(一组具有共同目的的单 作文词汇:词群( 词)b.被动词汇 b.被动词汇听力词汇: 从认知到熟练, 听力词汇: 从认知到熟练, 反复地听 Day, dead, deal, dear, death, decide, decision, declare, deep, defeat, defend, 阅读词汇: 在句子中理解, 阅读词汇: 在句子中理解,例句在英文释 义中理解,不要求听懂, 义中理解,不要求听懂,只要求认识 hippopotamusC.怎么样背单词 C.怎么样背单词A. 制定一个背单词的时间计划 什么时间, 背什么单词, 背到什么程度, 什么时间, 背什么单词, 背到什么程度, 要有阶段性计划 阶段性计划。 要有阶段性计划。 B. 制定一个背单词的实施计划 每天的强度,时间, 单词的分段, 每天的强度,时间, 单词的分段,做到 短时间内高频率重复。 短时间内高频率重复。 C.如何快速记忆单词 视觉, 如何快速记忆单词? C.如何快速记忆单词?视觉,听觉相互结合 的方式。建议: 边读边写; 的方式。建议:1st,边读边写;2nd,看中 文写英文;3rd,听音频想中文意思。 文写英文; 听音频想中文意思。D 利用零散时间记忆单词(没有必要每 利用零散时间记忆单词( 天专门花时间记忆单词, 天专门花时间记忆单词,把一个单元 拆散来记忆) 拆散来记忆) E 背词汇和做题相结合(做题时遇到生 背词汇和做题相结合( 单词可以先猜测, 单词可以先猜测,反复出现的重要词 汇应该记录并且记忆) 汇应该记录并且记忆)推荐以8月底参加本人“魔鬼班”开始: 8月中旬——8月底:语法突击 9月——大学1-6级词汇,每天两个单元, 采用新旧交替形式; 10月——托福词汇,每天两个单元,同 上 11

月——分类词汇,加音频复习四级词 汇 12月——托福词汇,音频听写托福词汇背单词小方法推荐A 选用词典有将就—利用韦氏字典MerriamWebster’s Collegiate Dictionary,因为注释详细, 而且关键对应托福和GRE中所考的意思; B 拥有自己的词库—词库,就是相关词汇的集合, 包括同义词,近义词以及在某方面相关联的词的 集合,包括反义词。可以参考《韦氏同义词辞 典》,另一个网址是www.wordnet.princeton.edu , 是普林斯顿大学的研究成果,适合考托福,GRE 与一般英语学习时查阅。C.单词卡片 单词卡片注意不要什么单词都写在单词卡片上面,因 为一味贪多,容易疲劳而且效率低。只需 要把那些常考到的,容易忘记的单词写在 单词卡片上。 正面:meaning, pronunciation, synonyms, antonyms 背面:中文意思,在同义词和反义词上增加 词根和词缀比如vagary这个单词正面:meaning: an unexpected and inexplicable change in something pronunciation: [veig ri], vagarious synonyms: whim, caprice, freak antonyms: predictable 背面:root- to wander ary- maker of a noun 难以预测的行为,异常行为,奇想, 异想天开词汇推荐书<Merriam<Merriam-Webster> 四六级单词 TOEFL词汇词根词缀及联想记忆 词汇词根词缀及联想记忆》 《TOEFL词汇词根词缀及联想记忆》 俞敏洪 英文字根字典》 《英文字根字典》刘毅 21天托福词汇 天托福词汇》 《21天托福词汇》 李笑来 托福词汇》 《托福词汇》 王玉梅 托福词汇精选》 《托福词汇精选》 张红岩词汇书图片书籍推荐2.词组看尾巴 2.词组看尾巴Hold back Come back Set back Lay back Sit back踌躇, 阻止, 抑制, 踌躇 阻止 抑制 隐瞒 回来, 在记忆中重现, 回来 在记忆中重现 复 恢复, 原, 恢复 反驳 ? 阻碍 使受挫折 把(钟 阻碍, 使受挫折, 钟 表指针)往回拨 表指针 往回拨 ? 使退步 花费 使退步,花费 使向后,放回 放回,送回 使向后 放回 送回 不采取行动, 不采取行动 休息一下“Without grammar , little can be conveyed 、and without vocabulary , !!!” nothing can be conveyed!!!” !!!3.扎实的语法功底 扎实的语法功底扎实的语法功底帮助你理解复杂的关键句子, 扎实的语法功底帮助你理解复杂的关键句子, 以及整篇文章,而且在提高理解力的同时, 以及整篇文章,而且在提高理解力的同时, 可以辅助提高语速。 可以辅助提高语速。 建议:基本语法必须掌握,在掌握的基础上, 建议:基本语法必须掌握,在掌握的基础上, 把语法书当作工具书来查阅。 把语法书当作工具书来查阅。 推荐:朗文英语语法、剑桥中/ 推荐:朗文英语语法、剑桥中/高级英语语法

语法概况图实词 →名词,代词,数词,动词,形 词类〈 容词,副词 虚词 →冠词,介词,连词,感叹词 句子成分→主语,谓语,宾语,补足 语,表语,定语,状语 句类< 种类 → 陈述句,疑问句,祈使 句,感叹句 结构 →简单句,并列句,复合句重点语法1.被动语态 被动语态 2.虚拟语气 虚拟语气 3.定语从句 定语从句 4.名词性从句 主从 表从 宾从 同位从 名词性从句:主从 表从,宾从 名词性从句 主从,表从 宾从,同位从 5.状语从句 时间 地点 原因 目的 比较 方式 状语从句:时间 地点,原因 目的,比较 方式, 状语从句 时间,地点 原因,目的 比较,方式 条件,结果 结果,让步 条件 结果 让步 6.强调句和倒装 强调句和倒装 7.主谓一致 主谓一致 8.That引导的各种从句 引导的各种从句 9.独立主格结构 独立主格结构4.丰富的背景知识 4.丰富的背景知识困难: 困难:局限的知识面和信息量无疑是给阅读造 成了很大的阻碍; 成了很大的阻碍;托福文章取材来自于文理 24种 类24种; 措施:多读各类题材的文章, 自然科学(天文, 措施:多读各类题材的文章, 自然科学(天文, 地质,生物学等), 人文和社会科学(文学, 地质,生物学等), 人文和社会科学(文学, 历史,人类学,社会学等)以及艺术和商务等 历史,人类学,社会学等) 学科领域建议托福真题 Discovery,National Geography , China Daily 灵格斯翻译家 韦氏字典 有针对性地补充背景知识 维基英文网哪些背景知识需要特别准备A 印第安题材:白令海峡移民理论,印第安 文化,宗教观,建筑业,手工业,社会组 织结构,农业先进 B 动植物题材: 植物:地衣,苔藓,真菌,蘑菇,树冠上 方生物,植物在生态平衡中的作用 动物:普通动物的智能,动物进化论,动 物的分类,动物的习性(群居,迁徙,伪 装)C 考古学题材文化考古学,形态考古学 化石:化石的构成,化石形成的原因,化石 和动物的关系 人的手:使用工具,牙齿上的划痕,左右大 脑区别,作画时人像的方向 古代陶瓷的考古 古代文字的考古D 美国历史题材发现美洲阶段 英国人定居阶段 “大熔炉” 邮政 E 地理学题材 地理现象,土壤结构,降雪降雨 冰川形成,冰川移动 地球构成,地心构成 板块构成学说F 天文学题材多考木星,太阳,最近多考彗星,小行星 宇宙—星系,星云—恒星—行星—卫星—— 小行星—彗星—陨星 八大行星 物质粒子 G 文学、艺术题材 文学:文学流派,作家作品,文学体裁,作 家生平 艺术:流派,发展,改善方法,艺术品出口三、阅读文章的方法 阅读文章的方法

1.全文通读法( 仔细全面, 1.全文通读法( 仔细全面,用时过多 ); 全文通读法 2.快速阅读法( 看段首句, 2.快速阅读法( 看段首句,注意是否有转 快速阅读法 折词); 折词); 3.结构阅读法( 3.结构阅读法( 帮助其迅速掌握文章结 结构阅读法 帮助其文章理解, 构,帮助其文章理解, 但是在细节题 上需要花工夫) 上需要花工夫)四、不得不说的几点1.老托福的阅读题要学会充分利用 老托福的阅读题要学会充分利用 三天一小练,五天一大练 三天一小练 五天一大练 2.练做题 可以尝试分类练习,重点练理解能 练做题,可以尝试分类练习 练做题 可以尝试分类练习, 力和分析能力 3.有必要重视习惯用屏幕做题 有必要重视习惯用屏幕做题英语学习网站1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 小马过河 寄托家园 太傻 中国教育网 无忧考网 可可听力网 大耳朵英语家庭作业第一次课后:MINI 第一次课后:MINI 第二次课后:MINI 第二次课后:MINI 第三次课后:MINI 第三次课后:MINI 第四次课后:MINI 第四次课后:MINI 第五次课后:MINI 第五次课后:MINI 第六次课后:MINI 第六次课后:MINI 第七次课后:MINI 第七次课后:MINI 第八次课后:MINI 第八次课后:MINI TEST TEST TEST TEST TEST TEST TEST TEST 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8托福写作托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)工欲善其事,必先利其器 工欲善其事, ? 写好托福大作文,先要了解 写好托福大作文, 其评分标准和时间字数等要 求托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作) ? 托福大作文写作时间30mins 托福大作文写作时间30mins ? 字数要求at least300单词 字数要求at least300单词 ? 分值从0-5分不等,然后转换成标 分值从0 不等, 准分20分 准分20分托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)? ? ? 独立写作部分评分三要素 独立写作部分评分三要素 1内容的展开(development) 内容的展开(development) 2文章的结构(organization) 文章的结构(organization) 3语法和词汇的正确使用能力 (appropriate and precise use of grammar and vocabulary) vocabulary)托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)5分:an essay at this level largely accomplishes all of the following (5分文章要满足以下四项标准的大部 分)托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)Effectively addresses the topic and task(有效地回答了所有的问题) task(有效地回答了所有的问题) ? 这个方面中国考生问题不大,都能做 这个方面中国考生问题不大, 到托福写作

之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)Is well organized and well developed, developed, using clearly appropriate explanations, explanations, exemplifications, exemplifications,and/or details(结构 details( 合理) 合理)托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)这一点中国考生也都看似基本能做到, 这一点中国考生也都看似基本能做到, 但其实提出的例子或者解释往往非常 但其实提出的例子或者解释往往非常 空洞,很不具体, 空洞,很不具体,而且因为空洞而产 生逻辑跳跃和无话可说托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)Displays unity,progression,and unity,progression, coherence(语言的论证要前后一致) coherence(语言的论证要前后一致) ? 中国同学由于受母语干扰,语言连贯性一 中国同学由于受母语干扰, 直不好, 直不好,可以通过细节化或者连接词训练 语言连贯性托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)Displays consistent facility in the use of language,demonstrating syntactic language, variety, variety,appropriate word choice,and choice, idiomaticity, though it may have minor lexical or grammatical errors(语言方面) errors(语言方面)托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)句式变化(中国考生弱项) 句式变化(中国考生弱项) ? 恰当的词汇选择(不一定要用难词,但要 恰当的词汇选择(不一定要用难词, 尽量准确) 尽量准确) ? 语言的合规性(合乎规范语言地道) 语言的合规性(合乎规范语言地道) ? 可以存在少量小错误托福写作之“大作文”(独立写作) 托福写作之“大作文” 独立写作)? ? ? ? 中国考生大作文四大弱项总结 中国考生大作文四大弱项总结 语言连贯性 句式变化 词汇选择 语言合贵性大作文之“九步写作法” 大作文之“九步写作法”? ? ? ? 第一步:审题 第一步: 第二步: 第二步:广泛收集正反两方面的信息 第三步: 第三步:根据信息量确定观点 第四步: 第四步:列出支持观点的理由 第五步:列提纲, 第五步:列提纲,写出每一段的主题句大作文之“九步写作法” 大作文之“九步写作法”? ? ? 第六步:写开头段 第六步: 第七步: 第七步:写主体段 第八步: 第八步:写结尾段 第九步: 第九步:修改检查大作文之时间分布审题设计:4mins 审题设计: ? 正式写作:22mins 正式写作: ? 检查错误:4mins 检查错误:大作文之题材篇大作文

题材之五大题材 大作文题材之五大题材 ? 第一:学习-学校-教育(学校生活,学习方 第一:学习-学校-教育(学校生活, 学校管理,教育方式) 法,学校管理,教育方式) ? 第二:家庭-生活-休闲(家庭生活,亲情友 第二:家庭-生活-休闲(家庭生活, 生活方式,休闲爱好,居家环境) 情,生活方式,休闲爱好,居家环境)大作文之题材篇第三:工作-公司-事业(工作态度,成功奋 第三:工作-公司-事业(工作态度, 管理计划,企业发展) 斗,管理计划,企业发展) ? 第四:社会-环境-人物(国家风貌,社会风 第四:社会-环境-人物(国家风貌, 环境资源,人物) 俗,环境资源,人物) ? 第五:技术-文明(技术革新,现代文明, 第五:技术-文明(技术革新,现代文明, 进步发展) 进步发展)大作文之体裁篇大作文体裁之三大体裁 大作文体裁之三大体裁 ? 第一:选择题(从两种或几种观点里面选 第一:选择题( 择一个,并根据所选观点加以论证和展开) 择一个,并根据所选观点加以论证和展开) ? 例题: 例题:大作文之体裁篇Some people believe that university students should be required to attend classes. Others believe that going to classes should be optional for students. Which point of view do you agree with?大作文之体裁篇Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place would you prefer to live in?大作文之体裁篇第二:判断题(要求对题目给定的观点表 第二:判断题( 是赞同还是反对, 态,是赞同还是反对,并给出理由支持你 的表态) 的表态) ? 例题大作文之体裁篇Do you agree or disagree with the following statement? Television has destroyed communication among friends and family.大作文之体裁篇It has recently been announced that a new restaurant may be built in your neighborhood. Do you support or oppose this plan?大作文之体裁篇第三:论述题(根据给定的一个论 第三:论述题( 点举出几个事例进行论述) 点举出几个事例进行论述) ? 例题大作文之体裁篇Many students have to live with roommates while going to school or university. What are some of the important qualities of a good roommate?大作文之体裁篇Holidays honor people or events. If you could create a new holiday,what holiday, person or event would it honor and how would you want people to celebrate it?大作文提高之三重境界古今之成大事业、大学问者,必经过 古今之成大事业、大学问者, 王国维) 三种之境界 (王国维) ? 第一重境界:昨夜西风凋碧树,独上 第一重境界:昨夜西风凋碧树, 高楼, 高

楼,望尽天涯路大作文提高之三重境界第二重境界:衣带渐宽终不悔,为伊 第二重境界:衣带渐宽终不悔, 消得人憔悴 ? 第三重境界:众里寻她千百度,蓦然 第三重境界:众里寻她千百度, 回首,那人却在, 回首,那人却在,灯火阑珊处大作文提高之三重境界第一重境界:词汇 第一重境界: ? 第二重境界:句子 第二重境界: ? 第三重境界:段落 第三重境界:大作文之词汇用法要点Your boss has a bigger vocabulary than you have,that have, is one good reason why your boss is your boss大作文之词汇用法要点钱:钱,金钱,钞票,人民币,老头票, 金钱,钞票,人民币,老头票, 大团结,银子,孔方兄…. 大团结,银子,孔方兄…. ? 英文:money,cash,coin,bill,buck, 英文:money,cash,coin,bill,buck, fund,investment, fund,investment,fee….大作文之词汇用法要点? ? ? ? ? 大作文用词之五大层次 第一:正确(correct) 第一:正确(correct) 第二:恰当(appropriate) 第二:恰当(appropriate) 第三:精确(exact) 第三:精确(exact) 第四:地道(idiomatic) 第四:地道(idiomatic) 第五:有趣(interesting) 第五:有趣(interesting)大作文之词汇用法要点? ? ? ? 词汇变换四大技巧 词汇变换四大技巧 第一:使用同义词 同义词进行替换 第一:使用同义词进行替换 第二:使用同根词 同根词进行替换 第二:使用同根词进行替换 第三:使用短语 短语进行替换 第三:使用短语进行替换 第四:综合使用多种方法进行替换 第四:综合使用多种方法进行替换大作文之词汇用法要点Mice in general are not well-liked, but a well-liked, mouse named Mickey has won the hearts of millions. Movies about Mickey Mouse have been popular with audience almost everywhere for more than forty years.大作文之词汇用法要点Our great ignorance about the distant past also makes it difficult to identify great men. For example,no one knows example, who invented the wheel or discovered the productive use of fire. Little is known about the invention of writing and of numbers.大作文之词汇用法要点大作文最常用同义词群之副词篇 大作文最常用同义词群之副词篇 ? 再次,反复:again,again and again, again, 再次,反复:again, time and again,once again, again, again, repeatedly, repeatedly, once and again,once again, more, more,further ? 大约,大概:about,around, 大约,大概:about,around, approximately,nearly, approximately,nearly,in the region of大作文之词汇用法要点的确,无疑:indeed,truly,really, 的确,无疑:indeed,truly,really, in fact

,actually,in reality , fact,actually, without doubt,as a matter of fact, doubt, fact, truthfully大作文之词汇用法要点大作文最常用同义词群之动词篇 大作文最常用同义词群之动词篇 ? 打算:aspire to,aspire after,seek, to, after,seek, 打算: pursue, pursue,strive for,push forward for, for, for, be intentional,be determined upon, intentional, upon, go after,aim for,contrive to after, for,大作文之词汇用法要点停止,终止:stop,give over, over, 停止,终止:stop, discontinue,cease,abstain, discontinue,cease,abstain, conclude,desist,end,finish, conclude,desist,end,finish, quit, quit,terminate大作文之词汇用法要点开始:begin,inaugurate,set going, going, 开始:begin,inaugurate, set in motion,institute,commence, motion,institute,commence, enter upon,originate upon, ? 完成,实现:accomplish,achieve, 完成,实现:accomplish,achieve, carry out,complete,fulfill out,complete,大作文之词汇用法要点宣称:claim,affirm,allege,declare, 宣称:claim,affirm,allege,declare, state, state,pronounce ? 维持,保护:conserve,continue,hold, 维持,保护:conserve,continue,hold, keep,maintain, keep,maintain,retain ? 伤害:harm,hurt,injure,damage, 伤害:harm,hurt,injure,damage, destroy,ruin, destroy,ruin,wound大作文之词汇用法要点放弃:abandon,cease,depart, 放弃:abandon,cease,depart, desert,discard,discontinue, desert,discard,discontinue, give up,leave,withdraw, up,leave,withdraw, surrender,fail, surrender,fail,leave over大作文之词汇用法要点解决:tackle,address,resolve, 解决:tackle,address,resolve, combat ? 需要:require,call for, 需要:require, for, necessitate ? 增进:increase,improve, 增进:increase,improve, enhance大作文之词汇用法要点大作文最常用同义词群之名词篇 大作文最常用同义词群之名词篇 ? 部分:part,segment,division, 部分:part,segment,division, constituent,component,portion, constituent,component,portion, proportion ? 事件:affair,business,matter,thing, 事件:affair,business,matter,thing, event,task,duty, event,task,duty,occasion大作文之词汇用法要点观点:idea,opinion,point,view, 观点:idea,opinion,point,view, thought,mind, thought,mind,point of view ? 利益,好处:advantage,benefit, 利益,好处:advantage,benefit, profit,good, profit,good,strong point,merit, point,merit, virtue大作文之词汇用法要点能力:ability,skill,power,talent, 能力:abili

ty,skill,power,talent, capacity,efficiency,disability, capacity,efficiency,disability, inability ? 性格:character,characteristic, 性格:character,characteristic, nature, nature,personality ? 责任:responsibility,liability, 责任:responsibility,liability, obligation, obligation,duty大作文之词汇用法要点垃圾:rubbish,pollutant,waste, 垃圾:rubbish,pollutant,waste, refuse,litter,junk, refuse,litter,junk,garbage ? 职业:job,career,profession, 职业:job,career,profession, employment,vocation,occupation, employment,vocation,occupation, work ? 地区:area,region,district,zone 地区:area,region,district,大作文之词汇用法要点住处:house,dwelling,apartment, 住处:house,dwelling,apartment, dormitory, dormitory,building ? 人们:people,crowd,masses, 人们:people,crowd,masses, public ? 标示:mark,signal,token, 标示:mark,signal,token, symbol大作文之词汇用法要点人类:the human race,humanity,man, race,humanity,man, 人类: humankind ? 影响:impact,influence,effect, 影响:impact,influence,effect, implications,repercussions, implications,repercussions, ramifications ? 危险:peril,hazard,danger 危险:peril,hazard,大作文之词汇用法要点大作文最常用同义词群之形容词篇 ? 明显的:manifest,apparent,evident, 明显的:manifest,apparent,evident, obvious ? 积极的:beneficial,advantageous 积极的:beneficial, ? 无处不在的:prevalent,pervasive 无处不在的:prevalent,大作文之词汇用法要点大:big,large,huge,vast, big,large,huge,vast, enormous,tremendous,immense, enormous,tremendous,immense, colossal ? 小:small,little,tiny,minute,petit small,little,tiny,minute, ? 许多(后接可数名词):many, a lot of, 许多(后接可数名词): ):many, of, plenty of,a number of,a great many, of, of, many, a good many,a host of,a multitude of, many, of, of, a vast number of大作文之词汇用法要点许多(后接不可数名词):much, 许多(后接不可数名词): ):much, a lot of,plenty of ,a great of, deal of,a large amount of,a of, of, great quantity of,a wealth of of,大作文之句子技巧? ? ? ? ? 句式变换五大法则 第一: 第一:短句拉长 第二: 第二:增加句式的多样性 第三: 第三:使用非主语成分开头的句子 第四: 第四:使用非人物主语开头的句子 第五:尽量少用There 第五:尽量少用There be 句型大作文之句子技巧1. 2. 3. 4. 短句拉长四大法则 形容词和副词 同位语作插入语 介词结构作修饰 非限定性定语

从句形容词和副词老郭讲课。 老郭讲课。 ? 黑黑胖胖的,穿着衬衣但是没打领带 黑黑胖胖的, 的的老郭激情四射地讲一节无比无聊 的托福强化班写作课。 的托福强化班写作课。同位语做插入语黑黑胖胖的,穿着衬衣但是没打领带 黑黑胖胖的, 的老郭,一个二十九岁的男人, 的老郭,一个二十九岁的男人,激情 四射地讲一节无比无聊的托福强化班 写作课,比阅读还要无聊的课。 写作课,比阅读还要无聊的课。介词结构做修饰在一个晚春四月的上午,在太原新东方大 在一个晚春四月的上午, 南门校区403教室里,黑黑胖胖的, 403教室里 南门校区403教室里,黑黑胖胖的,穿着衬 衣但是没打领带的老郭, 衣但是没打领带的老郭,一个二十九岁的 男人, 男人,激情四射地讲一节无比无聊的托福 强化班写作课,比阅读还要无聊的课。 强化班写作课,比阅读还要无聊的课。定语从句在一个晚春四月的上午,在太原新东方大 在一个晚春四月的上午, 南门校区403教室里,黑黑胖胖的, 403教室里 南门校区403教室里,黑黑胖胖的,穿着衬 衣但是没打领带的老郭, 衣但是没打领带的老郭,一个二十九岁的 男人, 男人,激情四射地讲一节无比无聊的托福 强化班写作课,比阅读还要无聊的课, 强化班写作课,比阅读还要无聊的课, which left us a deep impression.大作文之句子技巧Officials have built highways ? In recent years,responsible,hardyears,responsible,hardworking and warm-hearted officials warmhave built a great number of highways which have brought a large amount of convenience to the local citizens大作文之句子技巧Factories have discharged gases and liquids ? The newly-built chemical factories have newlydischarged harmful and even poisonous gases and liquids which have had a seriously negative impact on the surrounding environment大作文之句子技巧增加句式多样性 ? (不好的句子)Teenagers are pressured 不好的句子) by schoolwork. They are encouraged by their peers. They have to resort to smoking like adults. But sometimes they feel a little guilty大作文之句子技巧(好的句子)Teenagers,pressured by 好的句子)Teenagers, schoolwork and encouraged by their peers, peers,often resort to smoking like adults, adults,though they feel a little guilty大作文之句子技巧(不好的句子)Some people succeed. 不好的句子) Others people fail. The difference is not the number of opportunities. It is whether they can take advantage of opportunities. Opportunities will arise in the course of one’s life, though they are rare.大作文之句子技巧(好的句子)One essential difference 好

的句子) between those who succeed and those who fail is the extent to which they take advantage of opportunities,rather opportunities, than the total number of opportunities, opportunities, which will inevitably arise,if rarely , arise, in the course of one’s life大作文之句子技巧(不好的句子)Energy is much needed 不好的句子) now. And nuclear plants are clean and economical. They can produce vast amounts of energy. But people, especially local residents are very concerned about safety. They hold a strong negative attitude toward them.大作文之句子技巧(好的句子)Nuclear plants are a clean 好的句子) and economical way of producing vast amounts of much-needed energy, muchenergy, though people,especially local people, residents, residents,who are very concerned about safety,hold a strong negative safety, attitude toward them.大作文之句子技巧使用非主语成分开头的句子 ? 动名词:Cheating on tests repeatedly 动名词: invites self-defeat self? 副词:Too soon,students are forced 副词: soon, to cheat on tests大作文之句子技巧过去分词:Forgotten on the desk was 过去分词: her favorite MP3 player ? 名词从句:What was needed in reality 名词从句: was not taught in school ? 代词:Such is the case when a new 代词: policy is made大作文之句子技巧使用非人物主语开头的句子 ? 近100万中国人在过去15年里去过了美 100万中国人在过去 年里去过了美 万中国人在过去15 国 ? The past 15years brought almost one million Chinese to the United States大作文之句子技巧(人做主语的句子)We reached the 人做主语的句子) conclusion through investigation ? (非人做主语)Investigation led us 非人做主语) to the conclusion大作文之句子技巧(人做主语的句子)Students 人做主语的句子) should make ceaseless efforts ? (非人做主语)Continuous efforts 非人做主语) on the part of the students are certainly required大作文之句子技巧尽量少用There be 句型 尽量少用There ? (there be句子)There are more and be句子) 句子 more people who realize the close connection between energy and population大作文之句子技巧(非there be句子)The close be句子 句子) connection between energy and population is increasing recognized大作文之句子技巧(there be句子)there are many people be句子 句子) who prefer to go by bike,because they bike, are not satisfied with bus service ? (非there be句子)The public be句子 句子) preference for riding bicycles reflects their dissatisfaction with bus serviceThe economic downturn in the world's jewellery markets has checked the growth of India's diamond export industry, cutting the workforce by as much as 25 per cen

t and forcing one of the country's most promising export sectors to seek government help.全球珠宝市场的经济衰退阻碍了印度钻石 出口业的增长。 出口业的增长。这个印度最有前途的一个 出口领域裁员高达25%, 出口领域裁员高达25%,并将被迫寻求政 府援助India has a 55 per cent market share of the world's diamond cutting and polishing business. The industry imports more than half of its rough diamonds from Belgium and has strong links with De Beers, the global diamond group, Alrosa, the Russian diamond producer, and BHP Billiton, the resources group. The bulk of the diamonds, once cut, are then exported again to big markets such as the US, the United Arab Emirates and Hong Kong.印度在全球钻石切割和抛光业务中占有 55%的市场份额 55%的市场份额。该行业超过一半的原钻 的市场份额。 从比利时进口, 从比利时进口,并与国际钻石集团戴比尔 Beers)、俄罗斯钻石开采商Alrosa 斯(De Beers)、俄罗斯钻石开采商Alrosa 和资源集团必和必拓(BHP Billiton)关系密 和资源集团必和必拓(BHP Billiton)关系密 在切割后, 切。在切割后,多数钻石将重新出口至美 阿联酋和香港等大市场。 国、阿联酋和香港等大市场。Vasant Mehta, the chairman of India's Gem and Jewellery Export Promotion Council, said yesterday the diamond cutting and polishing industry had lost as many as 200,000 jobs out of a total workforce of about 800,000 people over the past six months in a sector highly exposed to US and Gulf consumers.印度珠宝首饰出口促进会(India's Gem 印度珠宝首饰出口促进会(India's and Jewellery Export Promotion Council)主席瓦桑特 梅赫塔(Vasant Council)主席瓦桑特?梅赫塔(Vasant 主席瓦桑特? Mehta)周三表示 过去6个月, Mehta)周三表示,过去6个月,印度钻石加 周三表示, 工业裁员达20万人 该行业总计拥有约80 万人。 工业裁员达20万人。该行业总计拥有约80 万从业人员, 万从业人员,主要针对美国和波斯湾的消 费者。 费者。The scale of the job losses suggests overall redundancies in the Indian economy in the face of the global financial crisis may be far greater than so far officially acknowledged. This year, the government said the economy had shed 500,000 jobs in key export industries but an economy-wide economyassessment has not been forthcoming.裁员规模表明,面对全球金融危机,印度 裁员规模表明,面对全球金融危机, 经济的裁员总数可能远高于官方迄今承认 的数字。印度政府表示, 的数字。印度政府表示,今年主要出口业 已裁员50万人 万人, 已裁员50万人,但政府尚未对整体经济进 行全面评估。 行全面评估。“There are hundreds of small shops There and entrepreneurs who have shut their shops because of recession in the west. This (

diamonds) is a luxury item and they are usually last on the lists of consumers,” Mr Mehta said.梅赫塔称:“由于西方国家陷入经济衰退, 梅赫塔称: 由于西方国家陷入经济衰退, 印度有成百上千家小作坊和工厂倒闭。 印度有成百上千家小作坊和工厂倒闭。这 钻石)是奢侈品, (钻石)是奢侈品,通常列在消费者购物 单上的最后。 单上的最后。”Over the past 30 years India has built up an expertise in the low-cost cutting lowof smaller diamonds in Surat and Mumbai. According to Mr Mehta, the local industry dwarfs that of other cutting centres. The Belgian diamond centre of Antwerp has about 400 polishers, while Israel has up to about 4,000 polishers polishers.过去30年,印度在苏拉特和孟买建立了低 过去30年 成本切割小钻石方面专长。据梅赫塔称, 成本切割小钻石方面专长。据梅赫塔称, 本土产业令其它切割中心相形见绌。 本土产业令其它切割中心相形见绌。比利 时安特卫普钻石中心约有400名抛光师 名抛光师, 时安特卫普钻石中心约有400名抛光师,比 利时至多拥有约4000名 利时至多拥有约4000名。“We have asked the government to protect jobs. These are skilled workers in our industry. It's very sad if the poorest paid have to leave their jobs or close small factories. If skilled workers go out and stay out we may not see them coming back,” Mr Mehta warned.梅赫塔警告称:“我们已要求政府保护就 梅赫塔警告称: 这些是我们行业中的熟练工人。 业。这些是我们行业中的熟练工人。如果 待遇最低的工人都不得不离开工作或关闭 小工厂,那是非常可悲的。 小工厂,那是非常可悲的。如果熟练工辞 职并改行, 职并改行,我们可能就不会看到他们再回 来。”Exports of cut and polished diamonds fell 31 per cent to $5.2bn (€4bn, £3.6bn) (€ in the six months to the end of March as the global recession began to be felt. The sector performed much worse than the overall gem and jewellery exports, which suffered a fall of 19 per cent to $9bn.随着全球衰退的影响日益显现,在截至3月 随着全球衰退的影响日益显现,在截至3 底的6个月内, 底的6个月内,印度切割和抛光钻石的出口 规模下降了31%, 52亿美元 亿美元, 规模下降了31%,至52亿美元,表现远远 差于整个钻石珠宝出口行业, 差于整个钻石珠宝出口行业,后者下降了 19%, 90亿美元 19%,至90亿美元。 亿美元。More than 6,000 tourists have visited the Three Gorges Dam crest since it reopened Tuesday after a year-and-a-half suspension, year-andthe project managers said Wednesday. The China Three Gorges Project Corp. also lifted limits on the number of tourists, who visit the crest on the tour buses of a tourism company under the corporation.

More armed police were sent to tighten security upon the reopening. The 2,309-meter long, 185-meter high dam 2,309185crest was opened to the public on July 1, 2005, with a daily visitor limit of fewer than 1,000. But it was closed at the end of 2007 because of project security concerns.The dam, one of China's top tourist attractions, has received more than 1 million visitors, including 30,000 from overseas. Costing 22.5 billion U.S. dollars, the world's largest dam is built on the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River mainly to control floods.Upon its scheduled completion this year, it will be able to produce electricity of 100 billion kilowatts hours, equivalent to 3 percent of last year's national consumption.托福口语139Outline for introduction? ? ? ? 考试形式 考试内容 考试能力要求 考试评分细则 考试界面140考试形式 ?6 ? 20’(5’30’’) ? 15+45; 30+60; 20+60 ?S ? R-L-S ? L-S141考试内容: 个 考试内容:3个Personal Experience ? Campus Life ? Academic materials142Brief Introduction of 6 Tasks题号 第一题 第二题 第三题 第四题 第五题 第六题 Task1 Task2 Task3 Task4 Task5 Task6 独立题1 独立题 2 (S) 15’’ 45’’ 综合题1 综合题 2 (R—L—S ) 30’’ 60’’ 综合题3 综合题 4 (L—S ) 20’’ 60’’名称准备时间 答题时间题目内容 开放式 二选一 校园生 学术话 学习问 学术话 独立话 独立话 活对话 题讲座 题对话 题讲座 题 题143评分标准&考试能力要求 评分标准 考试能力要求1) Grammar 2) Vocabulary Language Use 3) Structure 语言能力 (Accurate +Diverse) 1) Fully Developed 2) Coherent Topic Development 3) Idea Connection 思维能力 & Progression (Task 1&2: To state/describe) Delivery 表达能力1) Pronunciation 2) Intonation 3) Pacing 4) Clear/Fluency/Fluid144流利&语音语调语速 流利 语音语调语速28分以上 分以上 25-27分 25-27分 23-24分 分 18-22分 分145考试评分0-4 301464分for independent task 分1474分for integrated task 分148考试界面149150151152153154155156157158159160161162163课程安排Introduction+ 考试介绍 准备 考试介绍+ Task 1 Task 2+独立题总结 独立题总结 Task 3 Task 4+综合题总结 综合题总结1 综合题总结 Task 5 Task 6 +综合题总结 综合题总结2 综合题总结 Model Test+summary +164其它准备1) 学习与练习:课堂学习为主 学习与练习: 课下练习为主 2) 教材与资料: 教材与资料: hand out(PPT打印版 你们自己上课做 打印版+你们自己上课做 打印版 的笔记) 的笔记 OG>TPO>真经 红蓝 真经>红蓝 真经 红蓝Delta>模考软件 模考软件 (

……) 3) 工具:笔;词典;录音设备!!! 工具: 词典;录音设备!!!165Task 1166Outline for Task 11 关于独立题【Task 1 & 2】&Task 1 出题 关于独立题【 】 范围 2 例题讲解 3 sample分析 分析 4 解题技巧 5 课堂练习1671.关于独立题【Task 1&2】 关于独立题【 关于独立题 】About Task 1&2 相同点 1. 考察目标 考察目标: Opinion+Reason+Example 2. 考试时间 (N)+15+45 考试时间: 3. 解题步骤:审题-准备-答题 解题步骤:审题-准备- About Task 1 1.话题范围 POPE 话题范围 2.题目形式 Open 题目形式 Q About Task 2 1.话题范围 话题范围SLS 话题范围 2.题目形式 A or 题目形式 BTask 1 & 2怎么准备? 怎么准备? 怎么准备范围固定 内存过大 内存过小 个性段子(例子 细节)! 例子,细节 个性段子 例子 细节 !Me!! 完善精简 积淀话题,了解你自己) (积淀话题,了解你自己) 存货充足, 存货充足,取货熟悉169Task 1出题范围 出题范围Person ? Place ? Object ? Event1702.例题分析 例题分析OG3rd P272 1. Choose a place you go to often that is important to you and explain why it is important. Please include specific details in your explanation.1711) 审题阶段a. 争取时间!!! 争取时间!!! b. 抓准关键词!!! 抓准关键词!!! b. Why= specific reason + detailed example1722) 准备阶段 15’’(T-S) 准备阶段: ( )a. 迅速确定对象 T:‘Shaping Park’ : b. 构思理由例子 Reason/Example ? Specific Reason ? Detailed Example S:view relax. Tree, flower, bird exercise. jog friends. get-together c. 简要笔记1733) 回答阶段 45’’【口语:模板句型+笔记词汇+时间调整词】 口语:模板句型+笔记词汇+时间调整词】a place you go to often that is important to you T:Personally, I would love to go to… . : S:For starters, …. (example,detail)… : More importantly, …. (example,detail)… C:So That’s why…(optional) :T:‘Shaping Park’ : S:view relax Tree, flower, bird exercise, health jog friends. get-together 174结尾还剩几秒,万能填充Actually there is a lot to say about…, but the points above are what I mainly want to cover.1753.Sample分析 分析(High level) 分析a place you go to often that is important to you ? I would like to go… I often go to…France because I met a friend of mine two years ago she invited me already several times I have been there already several times for several times ? I always have been fascinated by French history and I started reading French books well though in Russian but not in French since I was twelve ? I have already been in the south so right now I am going to the north of the country ? And

I would like to try their famous yogurt, 176 cheese, wine just these…3.Sample分析 分析(Mid level) 分析I usually go to the East Mall or Polaris that is the shopping mall in …because I like shopping very much, the shopping is one of my hobby ? When I ,,, something bothers me, I usually go to the shopping center, and I relax my mind. So ? If I looking for looking around clothes , and shoes, something else, I feel better than before ? So I really like to go shopping177a place you go to often that is important to you4.解题技巧 解题技巧(1) 解题技巧最关键的一种能力Describe something 描述“东西” 描述“东西” ? 一种很重要的思维:外 内 意义 一种很重要的思维: ? Example: a pen, c cup, Stella178Key words? ? ? ? Color Design Who (gave it to you) When (did you start to have it) How long (have you been using it) ? Special reasons179Supporting sentences? ? ? ? ? Let’s take a look at this cup. It’s a …. Cup(blue, yellow, pink, etc.) It has a beautiful design on it. I have been using it for …(3 years) Sb. Gave it to me as…(a birthday gift) It is a token(象征 代表 of sth. (love, hope, 象征,代表 象征 代表) friendship, gratitude) ? It reminds me of sth./sb.1804.解题技巧 解题技巧(2) 解题技巧Simple is the best. ? Develop one point at a time.(notes:学会 学会 一次之说一个观点, 一次之说一个观点,其实每一个观点说清 已经可以得分,言多必失, 楚,已经可以得分,言多必失,废话多了 未必会多加分) 未必会多加分181Simple的套路 的套路Topic sentence + first , second,… ? 观点 理由 例子(黄金公式) 观点+理由 例子(黄金公式) 理由+例子 ? (notes:口语答题不在于考察你的词汇量 口语答题不在于考察你的词汇量 有多大, 有多大,只在于你是否能用最简单的句子 清晰表达自己的观点) 清晰表达自己的观点)1824.解题技巧 解题技巧(3) 解题技巧ASAP: As specific as possible !!!(加分 加分亮点) 亮点 Example Topic: If you got a chance to travel, where would you choose and why?183A Chinese student’s answer:Hmmm, if I got a chance to travel, I may go to the United States. ? Firstly, it’s really beautiful there. The mountains are high and the air is clean. I would absolutely love to go American to enjoy the scene. ? Moreover, the food there would be very attractive. Foods from all over the world can be seen here, thus it is very likely for me to have a good taste of all kinds of foods.184Answer with specific examples: Well, I think I would probably choose to go tothe United States, ESPECIALLY THE WEST COAST, because I’ve already been there once and was totally impressed. The first reason that I wanna say is that, um, the scene there is pretty br

eathtaking. I can see BOLD EAGLES flying around and TIDES coming and go. What’s more, the food there is very delicious. I can still remember the first time I ate HALIBUT in my host family, that felt pretty great. So, um, that’s why I wanna go to American had I got a chance to travel.185最重要的一个句群:任何一个抽象的相容词,后面一定要跟上句群, 时间、 最重要的一个句群:任何一个抽象的相容词,后面一定要跟上句群,detail(时间、地点、 时间 地点、 人物、数字,对数字很崇拜) 最能让ETS感到兴奋的词 人物、数字,对数字很崇拜 最能让 感到兴奋的词How to be specific)、抽象概括性的名词举例化 (1)、抽象概括性的名词举例化: )、抽象概括性的名词举例化: Example 1.那里有很多食物。 那里有很多食物。 那里有很多食物 There is a lot of food. There is a lot of food like Fried rice with egg, GongBao Chicken, Ma Po Bean Curd, Dumplings, Pecking Duck and so on. The icing on the cake is that the dumplings have got all kinds of delicious flavors: beef flavor, pork flavor, chicken flavor etc.Example 2. 那里风景优美。 那里风景优美。 It has a beautiful scenery there. It has a beautiful scenery there. I can smell the grasss and flowers, hear the cries of the birds , and feel the bracing breeze on my face. Bold eagles flying around and the tides coming and go….186How to be specificExample 3我可以了解一些外国的好玩的事情 I would be able to know about interesting stuff in the foreign countries. I would be able to know about interesting stuff like their customs, cultures, and histories. For example, how to greet with each other, how to celebrate traditional festivals etc.187How to be specific)、抽象化的形容词量化 (2)、抽象化的形容词量化: )、抽象化的形容词量化: Example 1:长城有很久远的历史 。 长城有很久远的历史 The Great Wall has a long history. The Great Wall has a history of over 2000 years (twenty centuries). Example 2:长城由很多人修建而成。 长城由很多人修建而成。 长城由很多人修建而成 The Great Wall was built by many people. The Great Wall was built by over two million people.188How to be specificExample 3 这座建筑很高。 The building is very tall. The building is as tall as 468 meters, ranking first in Asia and third in the world. There are 68 spheres in the building and the three biggest ones are observatories, where tourists can have a birds-eye view of the whole city. It has been the landmark of the city since it was completed.1894.解题技巧 解题技巧(5)-万能理由 解题技巧景观 描述一个地方 : 景观(描述一个地方 描述一个地方): ? I love the beautiful views and sceneries. ? I can smell the grass and flowers, hear the cries of the birds

and feel the bracing breeze on my face. ? I can see bold eagles flying around and tides coming and go.190便宜、 便宜、省钱It’s cheap and economical. ? It can help me save a lot of money to support my tuition fee. ? Compared to B, A charges much less and the price is reasonable for most people. I mean, if I choose B, I have to spend 100$. on the contrary, it only takes me 10$ to choose A.191方便It’s convenient and I would be able to save tons of time. ? U know, it takes me only __ seconds to go to__, it will take at least. ? I could spend the time saved on sleeping or reading which is considered to be better way of leisure and relaxation.192放松☆ 放松☆can help me relax and relieve the pressure from work and study (after a day’s hard work) I feel like my fatigue, stress and depression are all gone. ? I like it because it’s fabulously relaxing and quiet. ? I’m fascinated to the harmonious atmosphere which could make me refreshed and energetic. I can release my emotion, pressure and uneasiness through it.193交友I would be able to make friends with the people around the world and get to know about interesting stuff like their customs, cultures, and histories. For example, how to greet with each other, how to celebrate traditional festivals etc. ? I could make friends with the people in the park (restaurant, school…), especially those from overseas. During the conversation with the foreigners, I can practice my English and perhaps learn something other languages like English, French, Spanish and German. ? I would be able to make friends with those who share the same love for … Perhaps we can have a little get-together. We talk, we laugh, we discuss, and we all feel like one big family. 1944.解题技巧 解题技巧(4) 解题技巧NATURAL “well”, “um”, and “you know”, too much. ?CORRECT your mistakes as soon as you find out ex: “…… I really like standing in, I mean, ON the mountain,” she/he problem count down your score. ?Practice makes perfect!课后小练习:分类高频机经每一类话题选 个练 课后小练习:分类高频机经每一类话题选1-2个练 习,录音后传给我195Vocabulary小专题 小专题并不是大家通常以为的大词或者很高 级的词汇,而是native speaker比我们 更加通顺和舒服的表达法。 Example 1. Describe your leisure activity.我喜欢和朋友出去玩 play outside? go outside with my best friends? hang out(插入小屁孩日记关于play的说法)196Vocabulary小专题 小专题Example 2.形容一个你非常好的朋友。 我最喜欢的朋友是XXX,她是一个漂亮的姑 娘。 一般用法: In my opinion, I would like to talk about XXX, my classmate. She is very smart and beautiful. 加分用法: Speaking of my friends, I wanna talk about XXX, my classmate. She is a real knock out, and sh

e is sweet, cute, confident, thoughtful, bubbly(活泼), humorous.197Vocabulary小专题 小专题for starters 第一点,代替firstly, first of all等 more importantly 更重要的是,代替second, for another thing……等等 the icing on the cake is that更棒的是,超级 加分用法! 这3个是一定要掌握的说法!!!198Vocabulary小专题 小专题Eg: Describe a job you would like to pursue in the future.Speaking of my future job, I would like to be a marketing director in a global top company. For starters, it is definitely a challenging job which can make me feel fulfilled! This job will make me completely understand the true meaning of " a sense of satisfaction and achievement." The icing on the cake is that the high annual salary, the tempting bonus and satisfying welfare benefits will meet my material demands! And I can also build up a network of professional contacts when I work with PR agency and institutes, which is quite important in this whole industry! On the top of it, this field has great career prospects! These are what I love about my job and give me strong incentive to work even harder. And I believe this job helps me to realize 199 my full potential!Vocabulary小专题 小专题for starters 第一点 sense of satisfaction and achievement 成就 感和满足感 The icing on the cake 更棒的是 high annual salary, the tempting bonus and satisfying welfare benefits 高收入,丰厚的年 高收入, 终奖和诱人的福利待遇 has great career prospects 很棒的职业前景 give sb. strong incentive to .强烈的驱使某人 强烈的驱使某人 做某 realize one's full potential 实现某人全部潜能200Vocabulary-换词 换词托福口语词汇学习--替换rephrase 托福口语词汇学习--替换 --替换Task12替换“第一反应词汇”; 替换“第一反应词汇” 替换 Task3456替换所听词汇。 替换所听词汇。 替换所听词汇 常见替换思路和对应词汇: 常见替换思路和对应词汇: a. 用小词替换: 用小词替换: b. 用短语替换: 用短语替换: c. 同义词替换: 同义词替换: f. 用万能词汇替换: 用万能词汇替换:201能,会,可以:can, (would) be able to, have the chance/ 可以 opportunity to do 应该: 应该:should, be supposed to, shall, have to, must, be required to, it is necessary for sb. to.. 上升,增加: 上升,增加:increase, go up, rise, raise, growth 下降,减少/小 下降,减少 小:decrease, reduce, lower, fall, drop, go/come down, decline. (n.) fall, decrease, decline, drop 变:change, alter, become (different/big/small/..), get, grow 知道,了解,意识到: 知道,了解,意识到:know, be aware/conscious of, realize, get information about, 证实,表明: 证实,表明:show, suggest, indicate, make it clear that 很大程度上,基本上:

很大程度上,基本上:greatly, considerably, enormously, significantly, basically 提高,变好: 提高,变好:improve, make better, enhance 采取(措施 措施):adopt, take 采取 措施 提出(政策 政策):propose, offer 提出 政策 废除:eliminate, get rid of, dispense with 废除202Vocabulary-换词 换词1 换词Vocabulary-换词 换词2 换词提供:provide, offer, give 提供 任务:assignment, job, work, task 任务 有用,帮助:beneficial, helpful, useful, be a great help to, do 有用,帮助 good to, bring benefit to, be good for 方法:way, approach, strategy, method 方法 观点:idea, belief, view, opinion 观点 影响:affect(vt.), influence(vt.), have influence/effect/impact 影响 on (被)允许 允许:allow, permit, can, may, be free to do 被 允许 恢复,复原:restore, recover, bring back 恢复,复原 阻止:prevent, stop, keep (sth/sb from doing sth) 阻止 花费:spend, take, cost, put in, make effort 花费 参加:join, take part in, participate in, engage in, get involved 参加 in, attend, be a part of 调整,调节:adjust, regulate, control 调整,调节 产生,创造:create, produce, make, generate, bring about, 产生,创造 form 表现,显现出:show, display, demonstrate, represent 203 表现,显现出Vocabulary-换词 换词3 换词确保:ensure, guarantee, assure (of), promise 确保 最后:in the end, eventually, at last, finally 最后 行为方式,做法:act, practice 行为方式,做法 建议:suggest, advise, recommend 建议 决定:decide, choose, make up one's mind 决定 查明:find out, discover, figure out 查明 导致,引起:cause, result in, lead to, bring about, contribute 导致,引起 to 限制:limit, restrict, confine, put a limit on 限制 正在做,努力:work on 正在做,努力 延期相关:more time, extra time, extension, later deadline; 延期相关 put off, postpone, put back to, delay, (until) 因素: 因素:cause, factor, reason 合适:fit, suit, be suitable/fit/right 合适 需要:require, need, it is necessary for..to.., demand 需要 不变:fixed, constant, stable, unchanged (unchanging) 不变 担心:worry about, be concerned about, care about 担心 解决:solve/resolve, address, deal with, work out, tackle204 解决 解释:tell, explain, spell out, say how.. 解释我很喜欢它。 这个价格对我来说很合适。 你是做什么工作的? 用英语怎么说包子. 明天我有事干. Are you talking about Chinese to me? That’s a Chinese problem. That’s a Chinese Box.Grammar205Grammar? ? ? ? ? ? 如果你想出国的话,钱最重要。 我舞跳不好 这很棒! 他身体很健康 我喜欢打兵乓球 价格很昂贵 现在几点钟了206Task 2207Outline for Task 21 关于独立题【Task 1 ,2】&Task 2出题范 关于独立题【 】 出题范 围 2

例题分析 3 sample分析 分析 4 解题技巧 5 课堂练习2081.关于独立题【Task 1&2】 关于独立题【 关于独立题 】About Task 1&2 相同点 1. 考察目标 考察目标: Opinion+Reason+Example 2. 考试时间 (N)+15+45 考试时间: 3. 解题步骤:审题-准备-答题 解题步骤:审题-准备- About Task 1 1.话题范围 POPE 话题范围 2.题目形式 Open 题目形式 Q About Task 2 1.话题范围 话题范围SLS 话题范围 2.题目形式 A or 题目形式 BTask 2出题范围 出题范围学校教育类 学生生活类 社会类2102.例题分析Some college students choose to take courses in a variety of subject areas in order to get a broad education. Others choose to focus on a single subject area in order to have a deeper understanding of that area. Which approach to course selection do you think is better for students and why?2111) 审题阶段a. 争取时间!!! 争取时间!!! b. 抓准关键词!!! 抓准关键词!!!2122) 准备阶段 15’’(T-S) 准备阶段: ( )a. 迅速选择一个:A or B. 迅速选择一个: b. 构思理由例子 Reason/Example ? Specific Reason ? Detailed Example S:c. 简要笔记2133) 回答阶段 45’’【口语:模板句型+笔记词汇+时间调整词】 口语:模板句型+笔记词汇+时间调整词】a variety of subject areas vs. a single course T:Personally, I prefer…… : S:For starters, …. (example,detail)… : More importantly, …. (example,detail)… C:So That’s why…(optional) :2143.Sample分析 分析(High level) 分析This is kind of complicated question um I think it’s important to know which stage you are ? If you are an undergraduate student, I would rather to take wide range and wide variety of subjects and different areas because it would expand my knowledge, would improve my understanding for different topics, ? On the other hand, if I’m a graduate student, I would rather to take specific courses, because if you know, when you are graduate student, you are working and dealing with specific topics and therefore you have to …2153.Sample分析 分析(2.5-3分) 分析 分I think it’s better to focus on a single subject area so I can have a deeper understanding of that area so I can be a profession of that topic or whatever the course I am taking ? For me it’s easier to concentrate on one thing and most people will be easier if they concentrate on one thing ? It depends.. I will prefer for Study on the focusts or single obje. Or subject so that …2164.答题技巧 答题技巧(1) 答题技巧1)观点一定要鲜明。 观点一定要鲜明。 观点一定要鲜明 ? 2)更加有说服力!Reason怎样才变得生动? 更加有说服力! 怎样才变得生动? 更加有说服力 怎样才变得生动

美国人觉得最生动的东西?? 美国人觉得最生动的东西?? ①personal experience 扔几个数字给他! ②扔几个数字给他! ③statistics! !217答题技巧(2) 答题技巧表达观点: 表达观点: I think In my opinion, personally speaking, as far as I am concerned, my choice would be…. 表述理由: 表述理由: because As a result that…, for the reason that… due to.. Thanks to 最重要的,例子来了,之前要说For example, Here is 最重要的,例子来了,之前要说 an example. Such as… 第二个理由: 第二个理由:another reason is… more importantly,… 在你的notes=reason+例子 细节 例子+细节 在你的 例子 无耐之选:重复题目。 无耐之选:重复题目。 I choose …instead of….(再想个 秒10秒,直到想好 再想个5秒 秒 再想个 218 再说) 再说答题技巧(3) 答题技巧? ? ? ? ? 永远都能用的理由:每道题都能使用: 永远都能用的理由:每道题都能使用: Time: 但是要具体化!数字,比较!! 但是要具体化 数字,比较!! 具体化! Money: : Safety: : Interest: : Environmentally friendly: is~~ users friendly, students friendly, employee friendly ? 时间、地点、人物 时间、地点、219Task 2总结 总结1. Reasons 两点,每一点都有具体的 . 两点, detail. ? 2. 从反面来说 . ? 3. 选择没有正误之分 . ? 4. 练习 和Q2的好办法? 练习Q1和 的好办法 的好办法? 见题就说, ①见题就说,不加思考 多次进行练习,每次说的内容要不一样, ②多次进行练习,每次说的内容要不一样,220Task 32211. Task 3出题流程 出题流程阅读阶段 听力阶段1 时间:1分钟左右 时间: 分钟左右 2 形式:男女对话 形式: 3 内容: 内容: 赞成还是反对+原因 赞成还是反对 原因准备阶段1 时间:30秒 时间: 秒回答阶段长度:100 :100词左右 1 长度:100词左右 时间:45 :45秒 2 时间:45秒 3 内容: 内容: 校园通知, 校园通知, 学生写信 作用: 4 作用: 提供背景信息1 时间 60秒 秒4 作用: 作用: 转述内容1 快速审题 2 整理笔记 3 默一遍笔记 4 词汇替换1 口语: 口语: 模板句型+ 模板句型 笔记词汇+ 笔记词汇 时间调整1 读并记录: 读并记录: 变化+原因 变化 原因1 听并记录: 听并记录: 态度+原因 态度 原因2222.例题分析 例题分析(#26)1) 阅读阶段:45’’ Bus Service Elimination Planned The university has decided to discontinue its free bus service for students. The reason given for this decision is that few students ride the buses and the buses are expensive to operate. Currently, the buses run from the center of the campus past university buildings and

through some of the neighborhoods surrounding the campus. The money saved by eliminating the bus service will be used to expand the overcrowded student parking lots.2232241) 阅读阶段:45’’ ) 阅读阶段:a. 阅读主题 标题 首1-2句 阅读主题 标题+首 句 主题: 理由: b. 阅读理由:给听力服务 阅读理由2252)听力阶段态度/观点+理由 Man/woman Reason 1: Reason 2:226听力部分 信号词!!! 信号词!!! ? Man: I don’t like the university’s plan. ? Woman: Really? I’ve ridden those buses, and sometimes there were only a few people on the bus. It did seem like kind of a waste. ? Man: I see your point. But I think the problem is the route’s out-of-date. It only goes through the neighborhoods that’ve gotten too expensive for students to live in. It’s ridiculous that they haven’t already changed the route—you know, so it goes where most offcampus students live now. I bet if they did that, they’d get plenty of students riding those buses. ? Woman: Well, at least they’re adding more parking. It’s gotten really tough to find a space. ? Man: That’s the other part I don’t like, actually. Cutting back the bus service and adding parking’s just gonna encourage more students to drive on campus. And that’ll just add to the noise around campus and create more traffic . . . and that’ll increase the need for more parking spaces . . . ? Woman: Yeah, I guess I can see your point. Maybe it would be better if more students used the buses instead of driving. 227 ? Man: Right. And the university should make it easier to do that,3)准备阶段结合笔记 =按照听力结构整理笔记 ? 替换词语: 换一个说法2284)回答阶段笔记词汇+时间调整 【口语:模板句型+笔记词汇 时间调整】 口语:模板句型 笔记词汇 时间调整】The school is going to/ has planned to/ has decided to…(because…..) The woman/man agrees with/ disagrees with the new policy/notice/decision.(holds a positive/negative view towards the announcement.) Firstly, she points out that… Additionally, she says that… (万一有时间)So that's all the reasons s/he has to hold that opinion.229Important points (答题要点) 答题要点)The university plans to eliminate the bus service because it is too expensive to run and too few students use it. The man disagrees with the university plan. He believes the reason few students take the bus is that the route goes to neighborhoods where students do not live. If the routes were changed, many more students would ride the bus. The man disagrees with the way the university plans to use the money it saves on the bus service. Building more parking lots on campus will encourage more students to drive on campus. This would increase noise and traffic on campus.230Sample answer 1 #34231Sample answ

er 2 #35The man think the university decision is wrong ? According to his opinion, the bus shouldn’t be eliminated. ? It create a lot of trouble .. ? Due to the existing bus route many students can’t ·#·#¥%the bus ? And the overcrowded parking lots are added problem which is also due to the…not..iden…the university bus ? If the students haven’t a car and if they cannot afford cannot afford the bus !@$#$% Obviously overcrowded the parking lot2324.答题技巧(1) 答题技巧( ) 答题技巧1)对话中的一个人支持或者反对这个变化, )对话中的一个人支持或者反对这个变化, 找出主角(leading speaker),重点听一个 找出主角 , 人 ? 注意 支持 和 反对 的语句 ? 另一个人唱反调,并会对阅读材料中的原 另一个人唱反调, 因或内容提示 2)从语音、语调判断出主角 )从语音、2334.答题技巧(2) 答题技巧( ) 答题技巧平时多多设计自己熟悉的缩写符号(没有 平时多多设计自己熟悉的缩写符号( 统一模式,只有自己的速记习惯) 统一模式,只有自己的速记习惯) ? Coz=because ? Univ=university ? u=you ? Tech=technology ? Neib=neighbor………234Back up救命稻草!well, in this set of material, the reading passage describes the announcement about the..(阅读的题目部分)…, and the listening passage is a discussion by two students about the announcement. According to the reading passage, the notice explain the school’s decision on..(阅读 题目部分).., In this listening passage, the students discussed the notice. the man disagrees with the announcement and thinks that..(无论如何你听到的东西一坨全在这说)235Task 3 Practice 1Student Health Center Cancellation The university has decided to cancel the student health center on campus. The reasons is that a new hospital has opened recently in the local community. Because the new hospital is very close to the campus and most students can have convenient access to it, and also because the new hospital comes with a lot of first-class medical equipment, which the student health center lacks, the student health center’s existence is not justified anymore. Also, the money saved by cancelling the student center will be used to amplify the library.236237Sample answer1) The school is going to cancel the health center because a new hospital which is close to campus and has better equipment has been opened. ? 2)The woman disagrees with the new policy for several reasons. ? 3)Firstly, she says that the new hospital is 10-15 minutes’ driving distance away from campus, it would be a problem if students don’t have a car or too sick to drive ? 4)Secondly, she points out that the students go to hospital for minor problems like cold, flu or sports injuries, and these problems can be treated adequately at the health cent

er. ? 5)So that’s why the woman has to form that opinion.238Task 3 Practice 2Adding Evening Classes The school computer has planned to add a few evening classes to its opening schedule. Usually, the computer lab only opens from 9am to 5 pm on weekdays. Nevertheless, because of the rapid increase of student numbers in recent years and the limited seats of computer lab, it has become progressively difficult to meet each student’s requirements. Therefore, in order to be able to serve the students better, the administrators have decided to add evening classes in the computer lab from 6pm to 9pm, Monday to Friday.239240Task 3小结 小结R部分: 部分: 部分 ? L部分: 部分: 部分 ? 回答怎么组织语言: 回答怎么组织语言:241Task 42421.关于 关于Task 4(出题模式 对比 出题模式)[对比 关于 出题模式 对比Task 3]阅读阶段 听力阶段 准备阶段1 时间 1 时间:60’’~80’’ 时间: ~ 长度: 1 长度:75~100 时间:40’’~45 ~45’’ 形式: 2 时间:40 ~45 2 形式:一人陈述 3 内容: 内容: 3 内容: 内容: 分论/案例 分论 案例 课堂学术 4 作用: 作用: 作用: 4 作用: 转述内容 背景信息 ?+30’’ 回答阶段1 时间 60’’1 快速审题 2 结合笔记 3 词汇替换1 口语: 口语: 模板句型+ 模板句型 笔记词汇+ 笔记词汇 时间调整1 读并记录: 读并记录: 总论+分论 总论 分论1 听并记录: 听并记录: 分论+案例 分论 案例243看什么, 看什么,听什么R: 记抽象的概念 具体的定义 记抽象的概念+具体的定义 ? L: 记所举的 记所举的example, study, or research 1. 先听听力材料的前两句话,老师会给出所 先听听力材料的前两句话, 听内容的概括性介绍。再结合阅读给出的概念。 听内容的概括性介绍。再结合阅读给出的概念。 2. 再听举例说明。其方法通常是举出扩展事 再听举例说明。 举反例或是短文中概念的实际应用。 例,举反例或是短文中概念的实际应用。244TipsA. 带着一个“概念是什么,现象是什么 概念是什么, 概念是什么 现象是什么”的 问题用35秒看完短文,然后用10S 的时间,用 用 2句话总结出短文所介绍的概念或现象 句话总结出短文所介绍的概念或现象(尽量 句话总结出短文所介绍的概念或现象 用短文中的词汇) ? B. 听段子的时候,带着“老师用什么例子来 进行说明”这个问题去听。要听结构(1+2), 还要听例子中涉及到的3个基本要素(实验对 实验对 实验过程,实验结果)。其中,实验过程 象,实验过程,实验结果 要详细。 ? C. 多记实词(N+V)以及数字与时间。2452.例题分析 例题分析1) 阅读

阶段:45’’ ) 阅读阶段: Social Interaction People deal with each other every day. This interaction is at the heart of social life. The study of social interaction is concerned with the influence people have over one another’s behavior. People take each other into account in their daily behavior and in fact, the very presence of others can affect behavior. For example, one principle of social interaction, audience effects, suggests that individual’s work is affected by their knowledge that they are visible to others, that the presence of others tends to alter the way people behave or perform an activity. 2461) 阅读阶段:45’’ ) 阅读阶段:a. 阅读总论(T4主题): 标题 原理 比较 阅读总论 总论( 主题 主题) 标题+原理 比较) 原理(比较 分论( 理由 理由) b. 阅读分论(T4理由):=听力的观点和主题 阅读分论 理解理由=原理和结构 ①理解理由 原理和结构 理解词汇: ②理解词汇:名词符号化 A.E.=听力 = 词汇 助听器: (助听器:For example, one of…is, A good…is…)2472)听力阶段 )以结构为核心 “1+2” + a. 听记主题 (观点 ): Topic 1 听记主题 主题1(观点3) b. 听记案例 (理由 ): Reason 1, Reason 2 听记案例 案例2(理由3) 主动寻找每一个Reason段里面的核心信息: 段里面的核心信息: 主动寻找每一个 段里面的核心信息 分组信息:① 分组信息:分组的标准 差异信息:两个小组的差别(比较出的特点) ② 差异信息:两个小组的差别(比较出的特点) 助听器’ 结构词,举例词,重读慢读, ‘助听器’:结构词,举例词,重读慢读,重复词 in one study, let’s say, like, increase the speed, new2482) 听力阶段: 听力阶段:Topic段: T 1 段 Ok, so we said that the way we interact with others has an impact on our behavior… In fact there is some interesting research to suggest that in one type of interaction—when we’re being observed specifically , when we know we’re being watched as we perform some activity—we tend to increase the speed at which we perform that activity.2492) 听力阶段: 听力阶段:Reason段: R1 段 In one study, college students were asked to each put on a pair of shoes—shoes with laces they would have to tie. Now one group of students was told that they would be observed. The second group, however, didn’t know they were being observed. The students who were aware that they were being watched actually tied their shoes much faster than the students who thought they were alone. 1) 分组: know or not ) 分组: 2)差异:faster )差异:2502)听力阶段 )Reason段: R2 段 1)Other studies confirm the same is true when ) we’re learning new activities. Let’s say someone is learning a new task—for example,

learning how to type. When they’re conscious of being observed, they’ll likely begin typing at a much faster rate than they would if they were alone. 2)But, and this is interesting, the study also showed that certain common behavior—things people typically do, like,…making mistakes when you’re learning something new that behavior pattern will also increase. So in other words, when we’re learning to type, and we know we’re being watched, we’ll type faster but we’ll also make more mistakes2513)准备阶段 )a. 结合笔记 =按照听力结构整理笔记 按照听力结构整理笔记 b. 替换词语: 替换词语:2524) 回答阶段笔记词汇+时间调整 【口语:模板句型+笔记词汇 时间调整】 口语:模板句型 笔记词汇 时间调整】 ? In the lecture, the professor mainly talked about the theory that …… . ? To reinforce the theory, the professor gave two reasons in his speech. The first one is that … . The other one is that … . ? And that’s the two reasons the speaker presented to explain his idea.(optional) ========= TOPIC SENTENCE: The professor talks about the theory that……. SUPPORTING DETAILS: He/she gives one/two examples to illustrate/explain such a point.(接下来陈述实验 对象,实验过程,实验结果)。2533.Sample分析 分析-High Level 分析In this lecture, the professor gives two examples to illustrate the principles of audience effects.One of them is tying shoes, and the other one is how to type. So in the experiment where two groups …to tie their shoes, The first group were said they were be observed, The other one was not told so. The first group that they knew they would be observed tied their shoes faster; and the other one slower. ? In the second example; activities such as learning typing; again when people are conscious they are being observed they type faster. However, they tend to make more mistakes as well. 254 ? So the suggestion is to practice new activities alone in order to reduce mistakes3.Sample分析 分析-Mid Level 分析Oh ting shoes or learning new activity such as typing, trying to learn typing, type, how to type on a computer ? The audience definitely have effects on you for example if you know that somebody is watching you. Then you will type faster or you will tie your shoes faster but at the same time you will make more mistakes. ? However, if you are not aware that somebody is watching you , looking you, then you may learn slowlier, but therefore, you can type slowlier, or but on the other hand, you can decrease the number of errors on your typing. ? So the research suggest that…you can you should do …2554.解题技巧 解题技巧做reading notes时要争取记下:提到的术语 时要争取记下: 时要争取记下 +定义 定义. 定义 ? 做listening notes,记下例子、实验、研究 ,记下例子、实验、 ? 30秒

时间 整理 秒时间:整理 秒时间 整理reading和listening的notes 和 的256Task 4总结 总结1.听力笔记与阅读笔记在答案中的分配 听力笔记与阅读笔记在答案中的分配 ? 2.听力过程要做的事情。 2.听力过程要做的事情 听力过程要做的事情。 ? 3.模版是初学者的工具,随着水平的提高, 3.模版是初学者的工具,随着水平的提高, 模版是初学者的工具 要突破模版的限制。 要突破模版的限制。257Task 5258关于Task 5 关于听力阶段 准备阶段 1 时间1 时间:60’’~90’’ 时间: ~ 2 形式:两人对话 形式: 3 内容:问题方案 内容: 4 作用:转述内容 作用: 回答阶段20’’1 时间 60’’1 听并记录: 听并记录: 问题+解决 问题 解决1 快速审题 2 整合笔记 3 个人观点 4 替换词语1 口语: 口语: 模板句型+ 模板句型 笔记词汇+ 笔记词汇 时间调整259例题分析#282601)听力阶段 )a. 听记问题:Problem 1 听记问题 问题: 方案: b. 听记方案: Solution 2 听记方案 信号词: 信号词: 建议句型2611)听力阶段 (Problem) )? ? Man: Mary, I’m so glad I ran into you Woman: Oh hello, Professor Jensen Man: Listen, I know it’s short notice…and maybe you’ve already made plans for spring break…but…one of my students just dropped out of the field trip to the Smithson River Caves. You’re next on the waiting list, so now there is a room for you to come along. Woman: You’re kidding. I didn’t think there was a chance…and…well, it’s a three-day trip, right? I agreed to spend next week helping Professor Clark set up museum exhibition. I think she’s really counting on me.2621)听力阶段 信号词:建议句型 ) 信号词:1 ‘Why’系列:why not/ why don’t you 系列: 系列 ? 2 ‘可能’系列:Is it possible/ any chance/ any 可能’系列: 可能 possibility ? 3 ‘虚拟’系列:If I were you, I would 虚拟’系列: 虚拟 ? 4 ‘曾经’系列:Have you (ever) thought about/ 曾经’ 曾经 系列: tried / talked to ? 5 ‘祈使’系列:think about/ try/ make 祈使’ 祈使 系列: ? 6 ‘I’系列:I suggest/ recommend 系列: 系列 ? 7 ‘Thing’系列: One thing is that/ another 系列: 系列 thing is ? 8 ‘You’ may/ should/could/ had better/ are supposed to/might2631)听力阶段 (两个 ) 两个Solution) 两个(Solution 1)? Man: Yeah, three days. But you know…if you’d rather come on the field trip, why not speak with her and see if she has anyone to replace you? Woman: Yeah, I’d hate to miss out on the caves. I’ll definitely ask Professor Clark if there’s someone else who could help her.(Solution 2)? Man: You know…we don’t leave until Wedn

esday. If you still have to help out, any chance you could get the museum setup done before then? Woman: Oh yeah…not until Wednesday…so then yeah…maybe that’s possible too.2642)准备阶段 20’’ )a. 整合笔记 按照听力结构整理笔记 整合笔记=按照听力结构整理笔记 b. 个人观点: ①选择观点 ②概括理由 个人观点: c. 词汇替换2653)回答阶段 60’’ )笔记词汇+时间调整 【口语:模板句型+笔记词汇 时间调整】 口语:模板句型 笔记词汇 时间调整】 The woman/man has got a problem that… And the man gives her 2 suggestions: A and B. Personally speaking ,I prefer the former/latter one. For one thing,… For another,…..2663.Sample分析-High LevelThe problem is the woman got a chance to go to a field trip but on the day for the field trip, she needs to do a museum setup for another professor, so she is not available on that day.The solutions are the first one: she could find another helper for the professor to do the setup,The second solution is she could do the setup before Wednesday when the field started. Just do it before she go to the field. ? So these two solutions are available for her and I suggest her to do the setup, to finish the setup before Wednesday when2673.Sample分析-Mid LevelThe problem the woman has is that the professor let her to take a three days trip during the spring break but she has something to do to help another professor work in the museum. So she would very like to go to the trip but she can’t. ? Two solutions is that one is to make somebody to replace her to find somebody replace her. ? The other solution is that he should try to finish all of the things she has to do before Wednesday because the trip stat at Wednesday. ? So I think the best way is to finish try to268Task 5 Practice 1269Task 5 Practice 2270Task 5 小结? ? ? 听什么? 听什么? 回答什么? 回答什么? 怎么组织你的语言? 怎么组织你的语言? 常见问题: 常见问题: 时间冲突★ 时间冲突★ ★ ★ 没有资源★ 没有资源★ ★ ★271Task 6272关于Task 6听力阶段 准备阶段 1 时间1 时间:60’’~80’’ 时间: ~ 2 形式:一人陈述 形式: 3 内容:概念 例证 内容:概念/例证 4 作用:转述内容 作用: 回答阶段+20’’1 时间 60’’1 快速审题 2 整理笔记 3 词汇替换 1听并记录 听并记录 概念与例证口语: 口语: 模板句型+ 模板句型 笔记词汇+ 笔记词汇 时间调整2732.例题分析2741)听力阶段 )结构为核心 1+2:对笔记的应用 : a. 听记概念:Definition 1(T1) 听记概念 概念: ( ) b. 听记例证: Examples 2 (R2) 听记例证 例证: ) 助听器’词汇的应

用: ?‘助听器’词汇的应用: 重读慢读 重复词 exchange 结构词 for example, but, also 极端词汇 only, must 学术名词: ?学术名词:再解释 meaning that275听力阶段结构为核心 1+2:对笔记的应用 T +R1So, let’s talk about money. What is money? Well, typically people think of coins and paper bills as money. But that’s using a somewhat narrow definition of the term. A broad definition is this: [slowly] Money is anything that people can use to make purchases with. Since many things can be used to make purchases, money can have many different forms. Certainly, coins and bills are one form of money. People exchange goods and services for coins or paper bills, and they use this money, these bills…to obtain other2761)听力阶段结构为核心 1+2:对笔记的应用 ? R1goods and services. For example, you might give a taxi driver five dollars to purchase a ride in his taxi. And he in turn gives the five dollars to a farmer to buy some vegetables…2771)听力阶段结构为核心 1+2:对笔记的应用 ? R1But, as I said, coins and bills aren’t the only form of money under this broad definition. Some societies make use of a barter system. Basically, in a barter system people exchange goods and services directly for other goods and services. The taxi driver, for example, might give a ride to a farmer in exchange for some vegetables. Since the vegetables are used to pay for a service, by our broad definition the vegetables are used in barter system as a form of money.2781)听力阶段结构为核心 1+2:对笔记的应用 ? R2Now, as I mentioned, there’s also a second…a narrower definition of money. In the United States only coins and bills are legal tendermeaning that by law, a seller must accept them as payment. The taxi driver must accept coins or bills as payment for a taxi ride. OK? But in the U.S. the taxi driver is not required to accept vegetables in exchange for a ride. So a narrower definition of money might be whatever is legal tender in a society, whatever has to be accepted as payment.2792) 准备阶段 20’’a. 整合笔记=按照听力结构整理笔 记 b. 词汇替换exchange=medium definition=concept to purchase= make purchases=to buy barter=to exchange directly2803)回答阶段 60’’【口语:模板句型+笔记词汇+时间调 整】In the lecture, the professor provides two examples to illustrate the phenomenon/theory that … . ? The first one is that … . Another example Is that … . ? And that’s the two examples the speaker presented to explain the theory/phenomenon.(optional)”.281The professor said that the money is the medium of exchange. ? But anything you can purchase something with is considered to be money. That’s one definition. that means when you achieve …taxi driver who accept

money for his ride, but if he drives a fruitselling person, he can also, instead of money, accept fruit for his drive. In that case the fruit is the medium of exchange, not the money. So under the first definition, Dollar bills and Coins are money, but also other medium of exchange, in this case for this taxi driver, ?The second definition is a legal definition. The 282 legal definition just coins and dollar bills are legal3.Sample分析-High Level3.Sample分析-Mid LevelOne of the definition about money presented by the professor is Money is anything that can exchange with purchase. ? For example, include the coin, the bill, the food and vegetable like this. We can exchange something to buy by purchase, ? The first definition is anything we can do with purchase ? Another definition about money presented by the professor is the legal …283答题技巧L的演讲方式总结: 的演讲方式总结: 的演讲方式总结 ? 前面1-4句说明背景(background, topic 前面 句说明背景( 句说明背景 sentence) ) ? 举出 个例子 举出2个例子 ? 讲解一个概念,分层次来解释, 讲解一个概念,分层次来解释,说明原 因及结果284Summary从全局来看! 从全局来看!285最好的练习方法读一段学术文章, 读一段学术文章,orally summarize!!! 做完一个听力, 做完一个听力, orally summarize!!! 写作完后, 写作完后, orally summarize!!!28611

相关推荐