Are Mass Media Good or Bad?  

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Are Mass Media Good or Bad? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 你认为大众传媒（电视、杂志、广播、网络等）的现实意义何在；

2. 分析说明你的观点。

      Mass media outlets such as television and magazines expose people to the age of information. Yet, like many other things, the media are double-edged.

      As primary channels of information, radio, TV and magazines are convenient and economical sources of knowledge and entertainment. Moreover, they also provide important information about different products through advertising. However, advertising can be misleading. Sometimes advertisements do not provide all the information we need to know about a product, and some even seduce us into buying useless or fake products.

     Nevertheless, it is difficult to weigh the merits and demerits of mass media since they are often closely related to each other. For instance, violent scenes in TV programs are believed to be partially responsible for violence-related crimes. However, these programs show us not only crime, but also the punishment for wrongdoing. The dark side of society will not disappear just because we do not talk about it. But, it is certain that such information as pornography must be kept away from young people.

     Hence, the media should not be simply judged as good or bad; it lies for us to use information properly. We should be careful with regard to the content of information and take measures to keep audiences from the possible harmful influences of the media.

Do Crimes Originate in Human Nature?  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Do Crimes Originate in Human Nature? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 你认为“犯罪源于人的本性”这一观点是否正确？明确阐述你的观点；

2. 说明你的观点；

3. 提出有关如何预防犯罪的建议。

      Reasons for committing crimes are varied and complex. We cannot simply say that it is human nature to violate regulations and laws.

       We are not yet sure what causes people to commit crimes. However, the reasons seem clear in cases in which a thief steals money to make a living. Many thieves, when caught and interrogated, reveal that they come from poor families and have very little education. From these cases, we can establish a relationship between crimes and the poor family background together with a low level of education. Many people believe that parents can teach their children the harms of wrongdoing by showing them the consequences of such actions and the necessity to comply with social norms. This method seems to be effective for most children. On the other hand, sometimes even this method is not effective. For example, some high-ranking officials may take bribes or abuse power for their own benefit. Such persons have both a high income and a good education; they should know clearly what they are doing and the probable consequences. If teaching young children not to commit crime was indeed an effective method of crime prevention, then these crimes would never have happened.

      We know that people tend to act for their own benefit, but we do not know whether it is due to human nature or other causes such as ideas learned later in life. Therefore, the opinion that human nature causes crimes and that people's tendency to break the law can be stopped when they are young does not stand well. People actually become criminals for varied reasons and we should adopt different methods correspondingly for crime prevention.

Does Television Kills Children’s Creativity？  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Does Television Kill Children's Creativity? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 你是否认同“电视节目扼杀孩子创造力”这一观点？明确阐述你的观点；

2. 分析说明你的观点。

   

  Nowadays television is becoming unbelievably popular in people's life. Children are especially big television fans; they could easily be glued to their TV set for an entire day. As for television's effect on children, in my opinion, it will not damage children's creativity as is exaggerated.

    It cannot be denied that television is the most effective means to inform children of the latest news and scientific improvement all over the world. Television reveals the most recent development of important research, such as new computing technology, cloning technology, genetic breakthroughs, and so on, which can inspire the imagination of children.

  Moreover, some programs about adventures and geography can expand children's knowledge and curiosity. With the emergence of telecommunication, textbooks no longer appeal to children's curiosity in the same way. Yet children need to continue to gain knowledge about the world they live in. Programs about adventures can cultivate children's creativity and develop their ability to tackle difficulties. Programs about geography can teach children knowledge about different countries in the world and pique their curiosity to learn about the nature.

   Admittedly, the inappropriate programs on television do play a negative role in the shape of children. But these programs don't have the bigger say.

   Therefore, it is my strong belief that television will not impair children's creativity as is asserted. However, the government and the whole society should work to eliminate inappropriate content on TV and to ensure all children a positive growing environment.

How to Improve Students’ Mental Health？  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on the topic of How to Improve Students’ Mental Health. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 大学生心理健康很重要

2. 为此，学校可以……

3. 我们自己应该……

The mental health of students is one of the hotspot issues on campus that have attracted broad attention andaroused great anxiety. It plays an important role in thestudents’ self-improvement.

The universities are now under great pressure to improve the mental health of their students. To that end, they take several measures like psychological survey and lectures. And professionals are also hired to provide consultations for students who have potential mental problems. Moreover, the universities should create a comfortable circumstance for study and leisure activities so as to reduce negative mental effects on students.

The students also have to learn the knowledge about mental health in order to identify their own problems as early as possible. They need to seek a balance between their social and academic activities. More importantly, they should find a sound way to relax themselves in face of challenges and difficulties.

To improve the students’ mental health, the universities, society and students should work hand in hand.

构思点津：现在，大学生的心理健康问题得到了更大关注，学校与社会采取了多种措施给学生以心理疏导和帮助。这样的话题贴近学生生活，使考生感到能够言之有物。本次作文题仍然采取三段式的写作，应当按照题目中给定的提纲组织成文。首先强调心理健康对大学生的重要性，阐述当代大学生面临学习、生活和就业等多方面的压力和挑战，要应对这些压力与挑战，享受愉快的校园生活，就需要有健康的心理。其次，指出学校能发挥的作用——学校作为培养人才的基地，不仅要重视学生的学习成绩，更要关注学生的全面发展，特别是心理健康。为此学校可以进行心理评估、开设心理辅导课程及组织学生社团活动等等，以减轻学生心理压力，使学生正确认识学习生活中的困难和挑战。最后，提出作为学生，我们自己应当了解心理健康的重要性并掌握相关知识，积极进行自我调整。

模板共享：

Introduction: Recently, mental problems occurred frequently among students... Some even resulted in...Mental health plays an important role in college life.

Main Body: Hence, the organizations of higher education should fulfill their responsibilities of... They should adopt measures such as... By..., the pressures on the students can be released so that... In addition, the teachers play a vital role in... In this way, the students’ mental health will be improved.

Moreover, as college students, we should have the ability to... To take care of our own mental health, we need... Besides, we can participate in various social activities to understand others and society...

Conclusion: Mental health is indispensible for the progress of college students. The educational institutions, society and the students need to join their efforts to get rid of mental problems and create a sound psychological environment.

Measures of Dealing with Trash in Cities  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Measures of Dealing with Trash in Cities. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 说明城市里的垃圾通常是如何处理的；

2. 你认为应该采取怎样的措施来解决垃圾问题

     

     Due to the inadequate number of public trash receptacles, people are throwing trash away anywhere. Consequently, trash can be seen everywhere in our cities.

      In view of the severity of the issue, we should adopt immediate measures. First, the government should play a leading role by creating anti-littering regulations, backed by heavy penalties and effective enforcement. Secondly, officials should make full use of mass media to enhance public awareness of protecting the environment. Additionally, scientists should develop more efficient technology to recycle and dispose of trash. While research reveals that half of all garbage can be recycled, it is not enough. Finally, it is essential for schools to attach importance to environmental education, so that every child will develop environmentally friendly habits.

      Litter is turning our communities into a trash can. It is high time that we took a joint effort to solve the rubbish problem. 

Private Cars in China  

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Private Cars in China. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 简单介绍中国私家车发展的现状

2. 说明拥有私家车的利与弊

3. 指出私家车在中国的未来发展方向

With the improvement of people’s living standards, private cars have found their way to ordinary

Chinese’s  homes. Remarkable national economic growth provides a strong backing for the increasing trend. Nowadays, more and more citizens are planning to buy cars. And for some better-off families, one may not be enough.

People embrace private cars primarily for its convenience, which can free us from the rigid timetable and fixed route of buses andmetros. Efficiency is the second attraction, since driving is usually faster than other means of transportation. This advantage becomes obvious especially in the event of emergencies when it is difficult to take a taxi. Despite these merits, contrastingarguments are equally salient. First, efficiency is usually a mirage. Frequent congestions actually renderthe cities huge parking lots. Second, private cars are  responsiblefor air pollution, as emissions of carbon dioxide and ethane contribute to global warming.

Now that there seems no way to stop people from buying cars due to consumers’ freedom of choice, it is almost certain that the number of private cars in China will continue to rise. If we can improve the road systems, and develop more environment-friendly cars, we may minimize the negative consequences while enjoying the benefits.

Useful words and expressions:

温室气体排放：greenhouse emission

交通堵塞：congestion / traffic jam

写作提示：本题是典型的论辩式议论文，需要考生论述某一事物或现象的好坏。本题的提纲没有明确要求学生阐明自己的立场，但其实这已经包括在提纲的第三部分了。第一段可以阐述中国私家车已经比较普遍，而且数量正在快速增长。第二段可以用subject-to-subject 的方法分别说明其利与弊。从题干给出的词汇看出论述时可能要涉及交通、环保等方面。提纲中所述的第三段看似模糊，但稍一琢磨就会发现，其实谈发展方向就是指如何克服现有的困难，如何解决问题。

With the improvement of people’s living standards, private cars have found their way to ordinary

Chinese’s homes. 首句不仅点出了私家车发展的现状，也通过with 结构说明了造成现状的原因；

People embrace private cars primarily 为避免与下文重复，没有用first，而是选择了意义相近的primarily；

in the event of 是常用词组，表示“在??情况下”；

now that “既然??”，后面跟现实情况，而这种情况一般是不好、不可控或不曾预料到的。

Say No to Pirated Products  

Directions: In this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Say No to Pirated Products. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 目前盗版的现象比较严重

2. 造成这种现象的原因及危害

3. 我们应该怎么做？

Nowadays, the problem of piracy has become more and more serious. Tapes, VCDs and others high-tech products have been pirated, not to mention books. Shortly after a newly-published book hits the shelves, people will unsurprisingly find its pirated counterparts in the stores.

Piracy has caused a great loss to legitimate producers, inventors and writers in many ways. To start with, the pirated products often cost much less than the genuine ones so that they enjoy a better trading position in spite of their relatively poor quality. The genuine products, on the contrary, sell poorly. What’s worse, pirated books sometimes do great harm to the authors’ reputation due to some misprints. In the long run, pirated products may have a negative impact on the authors. Those legitimate producers’ creativity and enthusiasm may be deeply hurt by the fact that some customers are more interested in the pirated products for the sake of small gains.

As far as I am concerned, it’s high time that everyone started the battle against piracy. First, customers should develop their consciousness to resist pirated products.Second, the government should take effective measures to put an end to piracy. Finally, laws must be strictly enforced to completely ban piracy. Only in this way can we wipe pirated products out of our life.

可能用到的词汇：

盗版piracy (n.) 盗版产品pirated products

知识产权intellectual property rights

侵犯版权infringe somebody’s copyright; copyright infringement

构思点津：

一般来说，各类考试中涉及到的作文按照题材类型可分为：提纲式作文，图表式作文，规定

情景式作文等类型。而针对六级考试来说，作文类型基本为提纲式作文，可利用典型的三段式结构来写。作文的开头应尽量开门见山，简要叙述问题或现象，把自己的观点明确地摆出来，点明主题。也可以引用名人名言、俗语或以提问开篇。在文章主体部分即第二段中，主要论证自己的观点，切忌论证论点时思维分散无中心点，可以采用例证法、比较法、因果法或引用名人言论、俗语等方式论证；要想更有说服力，可以用实际的数字来说明。在表达的时候注意语义的完整连贯，体现文章主旨，同时又层次分明，结构严谨。注意连词、过渡词、短语等的使用。文章的结尾对全文作简短的归纳概括，得出结论、重申论点或是提出解决办法，提出倡议展望未来。

这是一篇揭示社会现象的议论文，可以采用三段式写作。开篇点题，叙述盗版现象的普遍性；接着主体部分分析盗版的原因和危害。注意程度词和副词以及逻辑联结词的使用。句子不必过长，尽量避免出现语法错误。紧扣主题，切勿离题；结尾时可提出一些自己的看法和解决办法，力求切实可行，应注意避免泛泛而谈。

Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed?  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should One Expect a Reward When Doing a Good Deed? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1. 有人做好事期望得到回报

2. 有人认为应该像雷锋那样做好事不图回报

3. 我的观点

      Lei Feng, a plain yet renowned soldier, has long been regarded as an outstanding model that always prompts people to help those in need with all efforts. Nowadays, however, there exist two different opinions toward doing good deeds.

Some people argue that a good deed deserves a reward either from the benefited or society. On the contrary, others believe that one who does favors for othersvoluntarily out of virtue shall not expect any reward.

Good deeds, ranging from blood donation to voluntary work for Olympic Games, shed warm light on every social member. People help each other because of necessity and moral requirements but not of the desire for repayment. Thus one should bear in mind the belief that sacrifice for others is the highest reward in itself.

In short, rewards are by no means the trigger or purpose for the intention of conducting good deeds, no matter how trivial or stunning they are.

构思点津：

本题是六级作文中常见的题型，属于说理性短文，不偏也不怪，与日常生活的关系较为密切。作文的提纲已经给出：先是从正、反两个方面介绍别人的观点，然后再阐明自己的观点。这三点内容文章中必须都要涉及，最好还要按提纲的提示谈到雷锋。注意前两点略写，放在文章的前半部；后一点详写，约占全文二分之一的篇幅。概括雷锋的事迹作为全篇的开头，是一个不错的选择。

模板共享：

Introduction: In recent years/Nowadays/At present, people have different opinions on.../there are varied ideas about...

Main Body: Some/someone/some people believe(s)/think/hold/argue/consider that...

While/On the contrary/ In contrast/On the other side, others/other people insist/claim/protest/believe that...

However, in my view/in my opinion, I believe/think that...It is because that/The first reason is that... The second,... At last...

Conclusion: In conclusion/In short/In a word/Above all/In general...

Starbucks Should Leave the Forbidden City  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Starbucks Should/Should Not Leave the Forbidden City. You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow:

1. 介绍人们争论的焦点和理由

2. 你的观点和理由

3. 你的建议

As globalization gears up, cultural conflicts come along. One example (承上启下，从概括到具体) could be the issue whether Starbucks should withdraw its outlet from the Forbidden City. Heated debates have arised recently. Many people, especially the younger generation, oppose the suggestion, because people love Starbucks for a coffee, a snack and a place to rest.

But as I see it (引出作者自己的看法), it may not be appropriate (这种表述比较委婉) to have a Starbucks outlet inside the Forbidden City. For one thing (当阐述的内容分两点时，可以用for one thing..., for another这样的结构), the style of Starbucks does not match that of the Palace Museum. The American chain coffee store (指代Starbucks，避免重复。后面的royal palace 等也是出于同样的目的) is a tycoon in the fast food industry, and seems out of place in a solemn royal palace. For another, the Forbidden City is China’s cultural center, and so is justifiable to be free from solely commercial operations like Starbucks.

Of course, there is nothing wrong with the preference of Starbucks, but one does not have to appreciate it inside the Forbidden City (再次明确立场的同时过渡到建议). In my view, an outlet nearby may be a better choice. On the one hand (两点内容具有一定的对立性，可以用on the one hand..., on the other hand), it is still convenient for people to have a comfortable place to sit, chat, and drink. And on the other hand, it avoids such controversy as spoiling Chinese culture.

Useful words and expressions:

分店：branch/outlet (n.)

故宫：the Forbidden City / the Palace Museum

格格不入：be out of place

Technology, a Blessing or a Curse？  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Technology, a Blessing or a Curse? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 科学技术使人们的生活变得更加便利

2. 科学技术造成的负面影响

3. 我们应该怎样面对这种矛盾

As an important force in the betterment of human life, technological development saves time andlabour, reaches unexplored frontiers, and completes many former “impossible missions”. For instance(用于举例，相似的词组还有for example, take... as an example 等), computers and the Internet havemade the world a smaller one. With a click of the mouse, a web cam and a microphone, friends are no longer kept apart by distance. (作者以因特网为例，说明科技的好处。在短文写作中，例子不宜过多) In fact, modern people can hardly manage daily life, let alone a comfortable life, without sophisticated machines, apparatus and gadgets.

Unfortunately (表示转折，提示下文将写到科技的危害。其他表示转折关系的词和词组还有：but, however, nevertheless, in contrast, by contrast等), for every problem, there is a solution, and for everysolution, there is a problem. It is unilateral to regard technology as a sole blessing, because it also exertsnegative impacts. Take the automobiles as an example, while (while 此处表示对比) offering peopleconvenience, they emit toxic and greenhouse gases. Besides, when walking and cycling become luxuries,the lack of exercises accounts for many health problems among young and middle-aged people. So to someextent, technology is a curse that the human beings spell on themselves. (前面几句举了汽车的例子，此句由具体到笼统，总结第二段)

Such is the paradox: technology is a double-edged sword—the proper use is certainly conductive to the productivity of modern life, but once we overuse, misuse or even abuse it, we run the risk of hurting (run the risk of doing something，冒着...的风险) ourselves. So is technology a blessing or a curse? It all depends on how we use it.

写作提示：科技对人类生活的影响是考生非常熟悉的话题。题目具有两面性，一般两方面的论点都要提到，并在篇幅上保持一定的平衡，防止走极端或一边倒。但是最终考生需要有一个较为明确的立场。第一段可以用举例子的方法列举科技给人们的生活带来的便利之处；第二段的写法基本相同；第三段则在前一段的基础上，针对所提及的一些负面影响提出应对之策，亦可笼统地提出人们应该正确看待和使用科学技术。

The Importance of Reading Classics  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Importance of Reading Classics. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below.

1. 阅读经典书籍对人的成长至关重要

2. 现在愿意阅读经典的人却越来越少，原因是……

3. 我们大学生应该怎么做

 It is widely accepted that reading the classics can facilitate the moral development and personal cultivation of the young people. Nothing can bring more joy and happiness than reading those masterpieces created by great writers.

However, compared with TV soap operas, sport events, and video games, classical literary works seem old fashioned and time consuming. In bookstores, it often happens that pulp novels attract more fans than classic ones. Furthermore, modern people have less time and intention to appreciate classic works because of the quickened pace in today’s society where practical consideration takes the place of literary imagination.

As the salt of this world, we college students should be fully aware of the importance of the classics. We are obliged to study the legacy of our ancestors and to advocate the necessity of reading classics to the public so that an increasing number of people can enjoy the pleasure of reading.

构思点津：本题为说理性短文，要求分析说明阅读经典的重要性，该主题与学习生活的联系较为密切。文章脉络已经在提纲中详细给出，应分为三部分。可以略写阅读的重要性，较详细地举例分析当今人们不愿读经典的原因，给出两条以上的解释，最后要立足大学生的角度说明该如何去做。提纲所列的三项内容都要在作文当中提及，注意合理安排笔墨，做到详略得当。

模板共享：

Introduction: It is universally acknowledged that classic works... They help to improve... In one’s lifetime, classics play an important role in…

Main Body: At present, however, many people are reluctant to... They would swallow... rather than digest...For instance,... Due to..., fewer people choose to... Moreover, the pace of life... together with the impact of pop culture..., so that... As college students, we shall encourage..., promote..., and assist...

Conclusion: Classics are the indispensable part of our cultural tradition. In order to... and to..., we have to be aware of their importance, and ...

Traveling abroad  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Traveling Abroad. You should write at least 150 words based on the chart and outline given below:

Number of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 20## and 2005

1. 近十年来X 市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游

2. 出现这种现象的原因

3. 这种现象可能产生的影响

 

In X city people prefering travel abroad has drastically increased in the past 10 years. As can be seen from the bar chat, in 1995 the figure was merely 10,000 or so and in 20## it grew to about 40,000. To our surprise, it rose sharply to almost 130,000 in 2005.

One of the reasons for the increase is the rapid development of the economy. Since people have more chance to make money now, they can afford such a luxury. And with the opening up of China, they are becoming more eager to learn about the outside world. Traveling abroad gives them a chance to see the world and thus broadens their horizons. The last reason is that people want to relax and live a better life.

As the saying goes, “Everything has two sides.” Traveling abroad not only broadens travellers’ vision,inspires them with new thoughts in city’s constructionwhen they come back, but also tells foreigners moreabout their own city and help attract foreign investment. However, if more people travel abroad, it will also harmthe local travel industry.

In a word, we should seize the opportunity of this kind of interculture communication, and make the best of travel abroad while trying to minimize the bad effects.

构思点津：

本题要求就给出的图表写篇文章，在出题方式上基本沿袭着稳健、成熟的出题风格。尽管它是以图表的形式出现，但就其实质来说，原因现象类文章和图表类文章的写法一致。从近几年的考试作文看来，行文大多可以套用“中心句＋ 1、2、3”模式。即，每段第一句是Topic sentence，改编自该段相对应的提纲，后面的1、2、3 是连接词，每个1、2、3 后接分支观点。这种表达，中心突出，层次分明，同时也节省了考生构思结构的麻烦。

本文的提纲可以理解为: 第一段，近十年来越来越多的人选择出境旅游；第二段，有很多原因说明此现象：First, ... Second, ... Third, … 第三段，这种现象所造成的影响如下：First, ... Second, ...Third, ... 另外值得注意的是：在图表作文中，第一段，也就是对图表描述的这一段，应该只描述图表的大致趋势变化，避免用过多文字对图表进行细节描述。

模板共享：

There is a general discussion today about the issue of traveling abroad. As can be seen from the bar chart,... Obviously, ...

A number of factors are responsible for this. For one thing, they are better-off than before, ... For another, traveling abroad, in some persons’ views, partly shows that ... In addition, ... Therefore, persons in growing numbers have ever been abroad.

From what has been discussed abroad, we may safely draw the conclusion that ... On the one hand, trips abroad may... In other words, ... On the other hand, touring ... To sum up, there is little doubt that further attention will be paid to this issue.

Will E-books Replace Traditional Books?  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Will E-books Replace Traditional Books? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 随着信息技术的发展，电子图书越来越多

2. 有人认为电子图书会取代传统图书，理由是……

3. 我的看法

With the advance of the information technology, E-books are growing rapidly, which have already won great popularity in the world today.

Many people believed that E-books will replace the traditional ones. E-books are proved very convenient. With a laptop or even a cell phone, you can enjoy any E-books that you want to read just by a few clicks. What’s more, reinforced by multimedia technology, when reading them, you will be also watching, listening or even smelling. That is fantastic.

In my opinion, however, E-books will never replace traditional books although they are the tasty fruit of the information age. First, there are still a majority of people who maintain that they have a better understanding when touching the paper rather than looking at a dull screen. Second, not everyone can afford a laptop or computer, so the resources of E-books are quite limited. Besides,

traditional books stand for the cultural heritage that has been passed from generation to generation. Their classic nature and sense of authority are special and less shared by E-books.

In a word, traditional books have their unique charm and will not disappear in the future. Both E-books and traditional books will give us the happiness and satisfaction of reading.

构思点津：本题仍沿用往年的出题思路，要求对某一现象说明理由，表达观点。按照题目给定的提纲，文章应分为三个部分。第一部分，用两三句话简要阐明电子图书普及的现象。第二、三部分是文章的重点；第二部分要给出电子图书取代传统图书的理由，如电子图书容量大，可以上网下载，据提纲要求，只列出电子图书取代传统图书的理由即可，不必阐明相反的观点和理由对比说明。第三部分要求表明自己的观点，既可以赞同上述观点，也可以表示反对，并说明理由。较容易操作的是提出反对意见，否则在阐述理由时易形成对第二部分的重复。传统图书符合大多数人的阅读习惯，使人能够更好地享受阅读的乐趣；此外，受电脑、手机等阅读工具的限制，并非人人都可以使用电子图书，传统图书仍有其独特优势，无法取代。最后用一两句话总结观点作为文章的结尾。

模板共享：

Introduction: With the rapid development of information technology, ... E-books become popular... Many people regard this new reading pattern as...

Main Body: Since E-books have won great recognition, some believe that… Firstly, E-books offer readers the large convenience... Secondly, they are cheaper in comparison with traditional books... Moreover, ...Therefore, ...

In my view, however, E-books will not replace traditional books, though... To begin with, the majority of readers are accustomed to... And traditional books have their unique features... Besides, ...

Conclusion: In conclusion... E-books and traditional books will coexist... They both provide us...

Beijing Olympics Volunteers in My Eyes  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Beijing Olympics Volunteers in My Eyes. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 奥运志愿者所需具备的素质

2. 为什么参加奥运志愿者活动

3. 志愿者工作需要付出，但值得一做

As the 20## Beijing Olympics draws near, China is also stepping up efforts in the recruitment of volunteers. Applications soon come from people of all walks of life. But apart from enthusiasm and patience, a volunteer worker also needs other qualities, such as foreign language proficiency, driving skills, and first-aid knowledge, etc., depending on the nature of specific jobs.

Being a volunteer worker for the Beijing Olympic Games is very meaningful. For the country, it saves the operating costs for the organizing committee. Though pre-event training entails large investments, volunteers contribution to the overall human resources is invaluable. Also for the individuals, we can broaden our horizons through participation of this international pageant. For university students in particular, Olympics volunteer work helps us to gain life experience and cultivate our sense of social responsibility.

To be sure, besides a sense of honour and achievement, volunteer work is both time- and energy-consuming. The training and rehearsal alone can last for months, and one may have to sacrifice leisure time for this unpaid work both before and during the coming Olympics. However, for the successful convening of the games, such sacrifice is worthwhile, and I would like to be one of the Olympics volunteers then (作者认为做一名奥运志愿者还是很有意义的，因此结尾处话锋又通过 however 引出转折).

Useful words and expressions:

志愿者：volunteer (n./v.)

申请：apply for，application (n.)

招募：recruit (v.)，recruitment (n.)

写作提示：这篇作文的话题具有较强的时效性。与许多六级作文不同，本话题没有明显的争议性。但是根据所给的提纲，写作时也并不能平铺直叙。第一段可以简要介绍事件背景，再根据常识简述对奥运会志愿者的要求；第二段可以从社会、个人两个方面来阐述人们参加奥运志愿者活动的原因；最后一段提出奥运志愿者们可能需要克服的困难，并可以用自己的立场作结，契合“我眼中的奥运志愿者”这一主题。

As the 20## Beijing Olympics draws near, China is also stepping up efforts in the recruitment of volunteers. Applications soon come from people of all walks of life .简单介绍奥运会临近的背景，引出志愿者这一话题；Being a volunteer worker for the Beijing Olympic Games is very meaningful.总述作者对奥运志愿者的看法，即奥运志愿者的工作有意义；Also for the individuals 与前面 for the country 相呼应，以相同的结构说明这部分分两方面来讲；Also for the individuals 与前面 for the country 相呼应，以相同的结构说明这部分分两方面来讲；For university students in particular 单独列出大学生群体，将“个人原因”这部分具体化；To be sure 表示“当然”，有一定的转折关系。下文讲奥运志愿者可能遇到的困难，但并不是与前文对立，因此不宜用but，however 等。

Does International Tour Cause Tension among Cultures?  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Does International Tour Cause Tension among Cultures? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 国际旅行是否会引起文化冲突？阐述你的观点；

2. 分析说明你的观点。

   

      Today international tourism is flourishing as traveling has become a lifestyle. Some claim this trend is the cause of tension between different cultures, but I find such an opinion hard to justify.

      Cultural differences do cause misunderstanding. Certain behaviors that are normal and polite in one culture may be regarded as offensive and rude in another. However, it is difficult to interpret or adhere to another culture's norms without any first-hand experiences to guide you. Luckily, traveling gives people the opportunity to access a different land, interact with local people, and experience a different culture in person—a far better solution than merely reading about another culture. This type of face-to-face interaction will actually help promote mutual understanding, rather than hinder it.

      In addition, tourism is foremost a form of economic development which has cultural resources at its foundations. Cultural and natural heritage, which attracts so many tourists, is distributing throughout the world, thus providing an additional opportunity for many developing countries. In a global society in which people travel much more than ever before, tourism represents an important instrument of cultural exchange.

      As mentioned above, it is clear that international tourism connects people rather than separates them. It helps people become friends and boosts economic growth. Far from causing tension, international tourism can improve the relationships between people from different cultures.

Graduate School or Work？  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Graduate School or Work? You should write at least 150 words following the instructions given below：

目前，越来越多的大学生本科毕业之后选择继续进入研究生院学习。一个重要的原因是

工作不太好找。那么你打算在大学毕业之后找工作还是继续上研究生呢？请就这个问题谈谈你的打算和主要原因。

While increasingly large numbers of students choose to further their study in graduate school

immediately after graduation, I plan to go to work after college. This does not mean I do not like learning or I do not want to learn. Rather, I choose towork first so that I can understand better my interests and strength before coming back to graduate schoolfor a targeted learning.

Professional experience is an indispensable part in one’s life in that it helps to bridge the gap between

what one has been learning and what one plans to do. Although learning is an important preparation for one’s success, one can achieve nothingunless what has been learned is put into practice. After all, the world outside universities is different fromand more colorful than that inside. One may have plans that are mostly based on imagination rather thanreality for most students who have been learning for more than 10 years. Thus, to know the world andone’s, own interests and strength, work experience will be crucial. Moreover , work experience can also be a valuable asset when one decides to come back for further learning

Besides, I believe learning should be goal-oriented. Thus, to pursue further study because of pressure of not being able to find a job, without understanding what one wants to do is not prudent. I plan to go on to graduate study as well, but only after I have several years of working experience.

Learning About Life  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Learning about Life. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese

1. 应当通过多种途径（听取经验、亲身体会等）获得生活经验；

2. 你认为哪种途径更好，说明理由。

     

  

    During our lifetime, we spend a lot of time learning about life itself. People usually learn about life using two methods: by listening to others' advice and through their own personal experiences. Both methods have advantages and disadvantages. Nevertheless, I consider learning about life through personal experiences as a better method.

     Through getting advice from other people, we can no doubt enlarge our vision of life. For example, the elders have gone through many difficulties, so they have a lot of experiences to share with us. By indirectly sharing their experiences, we may be able to avoid the mistakes they have made. This way of learning about life is quite convenient.

      However, learning from personal experience can be much more valuable. Though we are surely going to make some mistakes, we must realize that mistakes are also opportunities for improving ourselves and learning. Personal lessons are so memorable that we will hardly make the same mistakes again.

      By taking others' advice, we can get different perspectives; but learning about life by direct experience is more memorable and valuable. Don't always be afraid to make mistakes; we will learn a lot from them.

Online Education  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Online Education. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

1. 目前网络教育形成热潮的现状及其原因；

2. 你对网络教育的评价如何。

 

      At present, being online is, to some degree, part of our daily life. We surf on the Internet, searching for information and communicating with friends.

      Recently another online activity has become very “in”. That is online education. Why could online education be so popular within such a short period of time? Among other reasons, the quick development of the Internet should be the essential one, which makes attending class in the distance possible. Another underlying reason is the development of both society and technology. Today, modern science and technology are developing at an astonishing speed. To catch up with the fast pace of modern society, we have a strong desire to learn more. However, many people are too busy to study full time at school. Online education just comes to their aid.

      Personally speaking, I appreciate this new form of education. It's indeed a helpful complement to the traditional educational means. It can provide different learners with flexible and diverse ways of learning. Most of all, with online education, we can stick to our jobs and at the same time learn the latest knowledge.

Pros and Cons of Online Shopping  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Pros and Cons of Online Shopping. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 简单介绍网上购物的方法

2. 阐述网上购物的好处

3. 指出网上购物的缺点并总结

Rapid development of the Internet leads to the rise of online shopping. People first browse through the screen to find wanted articles, then pay with credit or debit cards, and the goods are later delivered to them. Websites such as eBay and Taobao have become burgeoning competitors versus real stores, taking up a considerable market share.

Convenience is the major attraction about online shopping. While it usually takes a whole day to wander about the malls, online shopping process is within several clicks of the mouse at home. Since the ordered goods are delivered to your doorsteps, there is no need to lug heavy bags home. Lower price is also an advantage. Online stores have lower overheads, thus reducing the costs. As a result, customers can have real bargains.

However, at present, security of online shopping is still a concern for some people. There is a chance you could get ripped off by the website, or a hacker could work out the password of your credit card. What is more, customers only see the pictures online, and are sometimes dissatisfied with the actual items. After all, online shopping is an emerging thing, and we believe these problems can be solved when the market is more mature. By then, people can go shopping online free of worry.

Useful words and expressions:

网上购物：online shopping / E-shopping

信用卡：credit card

浏览（网页）：browse (vt.)

写作提示：网上购物是近年来一种新兴的并且比较流行的购物方式，大学生一般应该有一定的了解。命题为“Pros and Cons of... ”，即要求正反两方面的论点不仅都要涉及，而且内容上需要保持平衡。本题中，第一段其实是关于网上购物流程的说明，可以按照流程步骤来写。第二段和第三段为议论的中心部分。优点可以从方便、省钱方面来写，而从目前来看，网上购物的缺点主要是安全方面的漏洞。

Rapid development of the Internet leads to the rise of online shopping (介绍背景)

People first browse through the screen to find wanted articles, then pay with credit or debit cards, and the goods are later delivered to them (用first、then 和later 一系列表示时间的副词串联动作，将网上购物的过程描述清楚).(a real bargain 是习语，表示便宜货，物美价廉)

Should High School Students Study Abroad?  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Should High School Students Study Abroad? You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 上图为X 市市民对中学生出国留学看法的统计，请简单描述该图

2. 请说明两种观点可能的论述理由

3. 你对出国留学的看法，并为人们的顾虑提供可能的解决方法

 In this global village, more and more Chinese are studying abroad, and the age of overseas students is falling. As to whether high school students should join the trend, people have split views. According to a study in X city, 65% of the people go in for it, while 35% are opposed to it.

 The proponents believe studying abroad is a good thing, if circumstances allowed. First, going abroad offers a foreign language environment. Also students may experience another education system and life style. Moreover, high school students can foster a sense of independence, in order to better prepare for the future. However, some people still hold reservation. One of the concerns is the high tuition fee and living costs. Another is that some students may abuse freedom due to lack of discipline.

 Personally, I am supportive of such a choice for young people like high school students. They can not only learn advanced technologies, but also gain an insight into other cultures. As for the big costs, students may apply for scholarships or do some part-time jobs. What is more, studying abroad and parental supervision are not mutually exclusive. Thanks to modern communication facilities, parents may offer constant encouragement and guidance from a distance

写作提示：图表题在六级考试中并不常见，但是20##年也出现过，因此最好也要有一定的了解。根据提纲，对图表的描述仅占全文三分之一左右的内容，因此重点其实还是考生熟悉的议论文体。对于该题，第一段按照要求列出持两种观点人的比例，可以自己设计一个调查。第二段提出双方的一些主要理由，例如开拓视野、培养自主能力、费用高昂、背井离乡等等。第三段可以做一个总结，并针对前文提到的反方观点给予解决方法。

split views 表示“存有分歧”，是阐述人们观点时常用的词组

if... allowed... provided都是以分词结构代替条件从句

First... Also... Moreover 的句式逐一列出支持的理由

Personally 引出作者自己的观点

Smoking in Public Places Should Be Banned  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled Smoking in Public Places Should (Not) Be Banned. You should write at least 150 words following the outline givenbelow:

1. 提出你的立场和理由

2. 提出可能的反对理由

3. 给予相应的反驳，或提出合理的建议

 I believe smoking in public places should be banned, primarily for health and security reasons.

First, as is known to all, smoking is bad for health, especially for women and children, who are usually the victims of “second-hand smoking”. Whensmoking is allowed in places where people congregate, non-smokers either have to leave, or riskdeveloping chronic respiratory diseases. Second, smoking is often responsible for fire accidents. This is most serious in KTVs and bars which feature limited room, few exits and poor ventilation.

 As one can expect, some smokers oppose banning smoking in public places; they hold that smoking is one of their rights, and where tosmoke is also an entirely personal choice. For them, smoking is a relaxation and enjoyment. And thereseems no place more appropriate for such purpose than places of entertainment.

 Of course, there may be nothing wrong with smoking itself, which is indeed a matter of individual choice. However, smoking in public places is quite different, because it involves more parties than the smokers themselves. It actually infringes on the health and safety of non-smokers, and therefore should be banned. For relaxation and comfort, smokers may as well smoke in the open air or at home.

写作提示：公共场所是否禁烟的话题，正方反方都可以成文，在写作时主要应注意逻辑关系。从题干给出的提纲来看，全文可以分为三段，其中第一段和第三段为重点部分，而第二段是承上启下的过渡，保证全文的完整性。支持禁烟的理由，可以从吸烟有害健康、容易引起火灾等方面来讲；而反对禁烟的理由，可以从吸烟者也有自己的权利、某些公共场所通风良好，不会聚集烟雾等方面来讲。关于建议，考生可以提出在公共场所设立吸烟区等。

I believe smoking in public places should be banned, primarily for health and security reasons.开门见山明确自己的立场，并说明将从健康和安全两方面来阐述；first... second... 的结构在这里也可用for one thing... for the other... 代替；词组infringe on/upon 表示“侵犯”。

Styles of Living  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Styles of Living. You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the following key words and expressions, parent, independent, generation

     

     Some people continue living with their parents after they have grown up. They hold the opinion that living with parents; they can take better care of their parents and vice versa. To them, life in a big family seems to be more enjoyable than that in a small family.

      However, some other people prefer to live away from their parents. They cherish the idea of being independent, seek freedom and wish to have a home of their own. Besides, they don't want to be overprotected by their parents but long for chances to face the society by themselves.

      As to me, I like an independent lifestyle though I love my parents. Different generations have different lifestyles and values. What one generation likes may not be another generation's favorite. Living separately, each generation can enjoy their own lifestyle and value. In addition, by leading an independent life, I can develop my own ability to deal with problems encountered in my life.

The Celebration of Western Festivals  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled The Celebration of Western Festivals. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 现在国内有不少人喜欢过西方的某些节日

2. 产生这种现象的原因

3. 这种现象可能带来的影响

Western festivals have become more and more popular in China. Many Chinese are immersed in the thrilling atmosphere of the upcoming Christmas. In comparison with the Spring Festival, this western event enjoys a high yet different status in the country bound by eastern culture.

There are a variety of factors contributing to this trend. First, younger age groups are exposed to western culture and lifestyles through learning English. And festivals are regarded as the highlight of western culture. For example, Valentines’ Day provides a vehicle for young adults to show their love. Second, the advancement of economy enables Chinese people to possess increased purchasing power. They are heavily targeted by businessmen, who view foreign festivals as goldenopportunities to make money. So they desperately try to boost the atmosphere of foreign festivals.

The necessity of celebrating these foreign festivals is widely questioned. People involved are blamed for their loose traditional values. Our home-grown festivals play crucial roles in Chinese traditional culture. However, their foreign counterparts are exerting strong influence on people’s values and thoughts. There is no doubt that weshould give our priority to Chinese traditional festivals.

构思点津：

本次考试作文属于现象解释型文体。根据考题要求，文章应分为描述现象、剖析原因及分析影响等三个段落，结构非常清晰。做到这一点对于一般考生来说并不难；能否取得高分的关键就是看考生的语言表达是否准确，以及作文中是否出现“闪光点”。从题材来看，该话题是谈谈对中国人过西方节日的看法。和以往的六级考试作文的题材一样，依旧侧重于社会话题——而且是考生耳熟能详的话题；这就意味着当考生拿到这个作文题目的时候能够有话可说。所以，对于备考六级的考生来说，社会话题依然是需要重点关注的。

根据题目要求，文章的结构安排如下：

　　    第一段，描述社会中的这类现象，指出一些西方节日在国内非常受欢迎；

　　    第二段，从各个方面分析产生这种现象的原因；

　　    第三段，归纳总结这种现象产生的影响，包括正面和负面的作用。

模板共享：

Introduction: In comparison with...

Main Body: On the one hand... on the other hand.../ To begin with... then... in addition... last but not the least...

Conclusion: In conclusion / In short / As a whole

The Role of Exams  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: The Role of Exams. You should write at least 150 words.

     

      As students, we have no choice but to take a lot of exams each term. Exams have been used for quite a long time to check how well students study. They are useful and important educational tools of measuring students' abilities.

      However, exams have side effects of their own. Some sorts of exams can't reflect the real progress students make; overemphasizing grades may lead to cheating in exams; too many exams propel students to study for the sake of exams only.

      As far as I am concerned, advantages of exams far outweigh their disadvantages. Despite their side effects, exams can on the whole check whether students study scientifically and effectively or not. To some degree, exams do boost academic achievement. Besides, exams are basically fair to all students and everyone is equal before the test results.

      In my opinion, exams may continue to exist and play an important role in the educational systems before they can be replaced by better academic measurement tools.

Who Should Sponsor Scientific Research  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a composition on the topic: Who Should Sponsor Scientific Research? You should write at least 150 words and base your composition on the outline given below in Chinese:

   11.  对于赞助科研的单位应该是政府还是私营企业，人们有不同的看法；

      2. 具体分析每种看法；

      3. 你认为谁应该赞助科学研究。

    

      It is widely accepted that a country active in scientific research must also have wealth and creative thinkers. However, the optimal structure for such kind of research is still the source of great debate.

      Some people believe that scientific research should be carried out or controlled by the government. In their mind, such research as of strategic importance to the national interest should only be carried out by the government. As to those theoretical researches whose results may not be used immediately, or pioneering researches whose results are highly unpredictable, there is little incentive for the private sector to invest in them and therefore the government should shoulder the responsibility.

      There are, however, reasons for private companies to participate in scientific research. Private companies engage in more efficient research practices because they are profit-driven: every dollar is wisely spent to ensure maximum benefits; every resource is used effectively so that waste is avoided. Additionally, private companies engage in research closely associated with market needs. This market-driven approach to research ensures the development of practical inventions that increase productivity and ultimately improve people's living standards.

      From my point of view, both the government and the private companies should be actively involved in scientific research. We should promote interaction between different research institutes to accelerate the transfer of technology and research into products and services that can benefit human life.

Your Help Needed  

 

Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an open letter on behalf of the Student Union asking people to give help to a student who is seriously ill. You should write at least 150 words following the outline given below:

1. 对病人的简单介绍：目前的病情和家庭情况

2. 目前的困难：无法继续承担医疗费用，需要护理

3. 希望捐助，联系方式

                                                                                                                                                                       Jan. 2, 2005

Dear schoolfellows,

You must still remember Zhang Ying, the chairman of the Student Union and the first prize winner in English Speech Contest. But now, she is lying in bed suffering from heart disease.

Zhang Ying comes from countryside. Her parents are farmers who live a simple life. Though the family does not give Zhang Ying a comfortable study environment, she does not give up studying knowledge. She entered our college as the top student of her country in that year’s College Entrance Test. Since her family cannot afford her the tuition, she did part-time job in her spare time. She also does well in her lessons. All her teachers are satisfied with her academic performance.

Something unexpected may happen any time. Zhang Ying, only a 19-year-old junior, was attacked by heart disease. She was examined 5 days ago. The doctor said that she must be on operation, which would cost at least 150,000 and she also need other medical care. Her family cannot afford such a huge sum of money. So we write this open letter to all the schoolfellows to help her. Your donation represents your warm-hearted and your best wishes for her. No matter how much is it, it will be appreciated by all of us.

If you want to donate or offer any kind of help, please call 75395142. Thank you for your generous and selfless help.

                                                                                                                                                    Yours,

                                                                Student Union of ***College

构思点津：

应用文写作由于其实用性在近几年越来越受到重视，已成为六级考试考查的重点。应用文的评分除了对内容的考量，还特别注重格式的规范性。

写作格式一般包括标题、日期、正文和署名。标题必须写在第一行正中间；日期写在标题右下方，当正文能交代清楚时可以省略；署名应写在偏右的位置。

从内容上说，一般按照题目给的提示写成三段。每一点为一段，要展开进行详细的描述。这样可以紧扣题目，思路清晰。告示之类的应用文一般采用一般现在时或将来时。在用词上，不一定要用难词，但要恰当，有些“小词”更能达意。句式要长短句结合，富于变化，防止只使用少数几种句型。

此次作文是要写一封公开信，倡议为一位患病的同学募捐。文章分三段，第一段先要介绍募捐的对象，包括她的学习情况、病情和家庭状况。第二段写遇到的困难，也就是募捐的原因。第三段号召大家积极奉献爱心。

模板共享：

Introduction: you must still remember...，who...

Main Body:句与句，段与段之间要注意使用连接词或短语，这样会使文章更有逻辑性。转折性的连接词或短语有：however, but, on the contrary, whereas, while。因果关系的连接词或短语有：because, owing to, because of, thanks to, since, so, therefore, hence。在此篇范文中用到的表示转折的句式为：Something unexpected may happen any time.

Ending: 对捐款的人表示感谢，可以用：Your donation represents your warm-hearted and your best wishes for her. No matter how much is it, it will be appreciated by all of us. Thank you for your generous and selfless help. 用来形容帮助的词还有：timely, valuable, sincere。

提供联系方式的表达：if..., please call on...