英语作文(议论文)结构与模式

四级作文结构与模式

1、对立观点式

A. 有人认为X 是好事,赞成X,为什么?

B. 有人认为X 是坏事,反对X,为什么?

C. 我的看法。

1. In recent years/nowadays/recently, X has becoming… More and more people voice growing concern over…/It has become a common tendency these days for people to … As for this situation, different people hold different opinions. /people’s view on X vary from person to person. /people hold different views towards … people’s opinions are always different once they talk about …

2. Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。Some insist that X is of great benefit. /those in favor of this believe that …/some people argue that/ many people sing high praise of this/some students give priority to …First, second, last but not least/ first and foremost, next, what’s more/for one thing, for another, in addition/to begin with, moreover, in the third place, finally…/In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X …

3. However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. while/however, other people believe that /others think otherwise/differently. They argue that… many people are opposed to this practice because…first of all, next, furthermore…

4. As to me/as far as I am concerned, I am in favor of …/I agree with … because/ for …But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages…

2、批驳观点式

A.一个错误观点。

B.我不同意。Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that… (According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people's belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. There is no denying that … /nothing is more important that to receive education. It is universally acknowledged that …/ it can’t be denied that …

3、社会问题(现象)式

A.一个社会问题或者现象

B.产生的原因

C.对社会和我们生活的影响

D.如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话)

E.前景的预测。

Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon. X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will……

There is no consensus among people as to the view of (_____).The opinions vary from person to person. Some people hold the idea that (____).A case in point is that (_____).

On the other hand, other may have a quite different view. According to them,(_____).The most typical example is that (______).

Weighing the pros and cons of these arguments ,I am inclined to agree with the latter. Admittedly, the former point of view seems reasonable in saying to some extend, but (_____) is more convincing. / the condition of X leaves much to be desired.

4. 说明利弊型

(1) 说明X的现状指出其具有两面性;说明X的好处;说明X可能带

来的问题或弊端;阐述自己对X的看法或怎样对待X。

(2) 说明X的现状,指出其带来的好处或害处;分析问题产生的原因;

总结或提出建议。

Nowadays, X has become/ plays an important part in/the phenomenon of X is rather common. Like everything else, X has both advantages and disadvantages/positive and negative aspects/ favorable and unfavorable aspects.

Generally, the advantages can be listed as follows. Firstly, secondly, furthermore…

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects can not be ignored. For one thing, for another, most important of all…

Through above analysis, I believe that the advantages outweigh the disadvantages. /from what we have discussed above, we believe that … we should…/ all in all, we can safely come to the conclusion that the pros outweigh the cons. A bright future is awaiting us if we make good use of …/ up till now, we can see clearly that … we have every reason to believe that …/ I firmly believe that …, only when …,can we…

5. 解释现象原因型

摆明现象;说明事实;说明发生的实质变化;解释现象的原因,原因一、二、三。。。;自己的态度,理由一、二、三;得出结论。

Whenever asked about X, I will not hesitate a moment to say that…/ among…, my favorite X is …/ As is know to all,…

There are many reasons which may account for my choice of X./ The reason why I …are as follows…/ the reason of X lies in several aspects. The reason for this is obvious… the following reasons account for this phenomenon. Firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally. / many factors contribute to … first of all, in addition, thirdly,…Therefore, I believe that as long as I …/ as to me, in my view…in a word…

 

第二篇:英语作文议论文类型

1. 比较型议论文

对同一事物的正反两面进行比较分析,即分析事物的好与坏,利与弊,然后归纳自己的观点。

要领:抓住事物突出的优缺点。

写作常用套语

开头:

There is no doubt that…has (brought society) both advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks

Obviously, it has both advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks/positive effects and negative effects.

With the rapid development of … is /are playing an increasingly important part in …today.

论证或承接

In spite of /Despite the adverse effects, it has its beneficial effects. The advantages derived from …are much greater than the disadvantages. Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows: What’s more,…

Besides/Moreover/Furthermore,…

结尾

After weighing/considering the advantages and disadvantages/merits and drawbacks/positive effects and negative effects, I conclude that … Based on the analysis above, I believe that the …far outweigh the… 。

2.对比型议论文

通过对比法,对不同事物进行比较,客观分析, 从而得出结论。 对比法是指对不同事物的性质特点等的比较来证明论点的方法。 要领:抓住两事物的鲜明特征进行比较。

写作常用套语

开头:

When we…we’ll be faced with the choice between…and…

When…, it is inevitable to meet /face the choices between…and… Recently, more and more people tend to …However, I feel that.

A and B are two important forms of…for us. Although A is getting more and more popular, B is by no means disappearing.

论证或承接

Despite the similarities, they are different from each other in the following aspects:

First of all,…Second,…Third,…And finally/lastly,…

On the contrary/in contrast

However/nonetheless/besides

结尾

All in all/In conclusion/In a word/To sum up/In summary/To put it simply.。 Although B has its disadvantages, it can be accepted that…

Therefore it depends on…

3.辩论型议论文

列出双方对某一事物的不同看法,运用事实加以论证,摆出自己的理由,得出结论。

要领:举例要有说服力,说理要充分。

写作常用套语

开头:

People’s opinion/views/ on …vary from person to person. Some say that …,while others think/believe that…

When it comes to …, different people have different opinions. The phenomenon of …has drawn nationwide attention.

论证或承接

Some people argue/assume that…,but things are quite different/this doesn’t work.

Some take the position that …; some come to believe that….But I think/suppose

Some people take for granted that…, but others take/hold an opposite idea…。.As far as I’m concerned, I agree with the former/latter opinion.

I’m on the side of the first argument. The following are the reasons for my personal consent.

I’m in favor of the first idea.

结尾

All things considered, I remain firmly in favor of…

On the whole, I agree with the statement that…

4.阐述说明型

特点: 一般要求作者一开始就阐明观点或提出问题 ,接着摆出事实和理由加以论述,然后得出结论。内容可以是论人,论事,或论物。 论据可以是事实,科学数据,学者专家的权威观点及公认原则。 写作常用套语

开头:

No one can deny that…

It is often said that…

As everyone knows,…。

Recently, /In recent years, there has been in increasing concern about the problem of…

It is well known that …has created certain problems for the society today. The problem of…is becoming more and more serious.

论证或承接

To illustrate /prove this point, let us consider…

It has been reported /found/estimated that

To take …as an example,…

There are many examples to show that…

A number of factors will account for …

结尾

The best way to solve the problem is 。..

In addition to /apart from this, another way to solve the problem of …is …

Effective measures should be taken to solve the problem.

Many things can contribute to solving the problem, but the following ones may be the most effective.

Our government should make stricter rules to

It is essential that quick necessary actions /steps /measures should be taken to deal with the phenomenon/ to cope with the problem. It is high time we took proper steps actions to the terrible situation.

5.因果分析型议论文

特点:描述某种原因或现象以揭示其必然后果,或披露结果以追溯其各种原因。

写作常用套语

There are several reasons for…

There are many factors that account for /contribute to /responsible for …,but the following are the typical ones.

There are a number of serious effects on…Perhaps the most potential consequence is …

Taking into account all the relevant factors, /Judging from all the evidence offered, we may come to the conclusion that.。.

Therefore, it can be inferred that…

Accordingly, I recommend that…

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