形容词比较级和最高级的用法 总结

SBS二册复习资料:形容词比较级的用法

整理:Sophie

A.在形容词比较级前还可以用much, even, far, a lot, still, a little 来修饰,表示……得多, 甚至更……仍然,还…..更……. 一些,以加强语气 Diamond is even harder than steel.

Our city is much more beautiful than yours.

He is even slower than before.

Japan is a little larger than Germany.

B.表示倍数

…times +形容词比较级+than…

这个句型表示:比……大(长,多……)几倍

Our room is twice larger than theirs.

The Yangtze River is ten times larger than the river in your city.

C.表示大几岁,高几厘米等

表示数、量的词+形容词比较级

I am two years older than you. She is a head taller than I/me.

D.表示“比其他的任何…….都……”

比较级+than any other +单数名词

这个句型是用比较级形式表达最高级的意思。

He is better than any other student in the class.

He is the best in the class.

This watch is more expensive than any other watch in the shop.

This watch is the most expensive one in the shop.

E. 表示“越来越……”

比较级+and+比较级

The earth is getting warmer and warmer. China is more and more beautiful. F.表示“越……就越……”

The +比较级…., the+比较级…

The busier he is,the happier he feels.

The sooner, the better.

The higher the ground(is), the thinner air becomes.

G.表示“两个中比较…的”

The+比较级+of the two

This watch is the cheaper of the two. He is the better of the two. Of the two girls, I find Lily the more intelligent.

H.表示“比较A和B,哪一个较…”

Which is +比较级,A or B?如果是人与人相比较,用who不用which。

Which is more popular,the radio or the movie?

Who is happier,you or your father?

形容词最高级的用法

A+动词+形容词最高级+of/in…

A.表示“是最…….之一”

One of the +形容词最高级

Shanghai is one of the most beautiful cities in china.

Our city is one of the safest cities in the world.

One of the most important languages is English.

B.表示“大多数,大部分的…….”

Most +复数名词 Most of +the+复数名词 Most of+代词

Most people like apples. Most of the boys are good at football. Most of the them (his books)were written here.

C.最高级的几种表示方法

我们可以用原级、比较级、最高级三种方式来表达最高级,总结如下:

She is the best in her class.(最高级)

She is better than any other student in her class.(比较级)

No other student in her class is better than she.(比较级 )

No other student in her class is as good as she.(原级)

D.表示“哪一个(人)最为……呢?

Which/who is +the+形容词最高级……?

这个句型用于三个以上的事务或人的比较级当中.

Which is the biggest of the five apples?

Which is the heaviest,the horse,the sheep or the elephant?

随堂检测:

1. 这只手表比那只手表贵两倍。

This watch is ________ _______ ___________ __________ that watch.

2. 这只手表是那只手表的价格的三倍。

This watch is ________ ________ ________ ___________ __________that watch.

3. 在这两个男孩之间,我发现Tony更加有魅力。

_____ _______ ______ ________, I find Tony _______ _______ ________________.

4. She is the tallest girl in the class.(改成同义句)

She is ________than ______ ________ _______in the class.

5.日本只比德国大一点儿。

Japan is ______ ________ ___________than Germany.

6. 越大他就变得越勇敢。

________ _________he is _________ ________ he becomes.

7. Sophie给的家庭作业越来越多了。

Sophie gives us _________ _______ _________ homework.

I say:

_____________________________________________________________________

Sophie says: My Mom/Dad says:

 

第二篇:形容词与副词比较级和最高级的用法归纳

形容词与副词比较级和最高级的用法归纳

一)形容词与副词

形容词常用于修饰名词,说明该词的性质、特征等。它在句中主要用作定语、表语、宾语补足语和状语,如:

The primitive language of signs is not always very clear.(定语)原始语言手势的意思并非总是很清楚的。

Groups of new, modern buildings have sprung up along the river.(定语)一群群新的现代建筑沿江拔地而起。

The football game was marvelous.(表语)足球赛精彩极了。

I'm sorry that I'm late.(表语) 对不起,我迟到了。

Don't leave the door open, please.(宾补) 请不要将门敞着。

He spent three days in the snow, cold and hungry. (状语)

他又冷又饿地在风雪中过了两天。

这里我们先讨论在使用形容词和副词时应注意什么,以免犯那些常见的错误。

1. 有些形相似、义相别的词 如:

alone(独自地) lonely(孤独的)

alive(活的) living(活生生的) lively(活跃的)

blooming(花正开的) booming(繁荣的)

credible(可靠的) creditable(高贵的)

considerable(应考虑的;相当多的) considerate(体贴人的)

desirous(想望的) desirable(合意的)

efficient(有效力的) sufficient(足够的)

exhaustive(彻底的) exhausting(使人筋疲力尽的)

healthy(健壮的) healthful(有益健康的) healthily(旺盛地;相当大地)

honorable(荣誉的) honorary(名誉的)

historic(历史性的) historical(历史上的)

imaginative(富于想象力的)imaginable可想象到的) imaginary(想象的)

industrial(工业的) industrious(勤勉的)

legible(易读的) eligible(合格的)

later(较迟的) latter(后者的)

likely(可能的) likable(可爱的)

respectful(有礼貌的) respective(各自的)

respectable(可尊敬的)respecting(说到、关于)

2. -ly 结尾的形容词

在英文里,有些形容词是以-ly 结尾的,不要误认为是副词。这类词常见的有:

brotherly(友爱的) deadly(致命的) earthly(世俗的) friendly(友好的) likely(可能的) leisurely(空闲的) lovely(可爱的)manly(男子气概的) weekly(每周一次的) yearly(每年一次的)

3. 行为动词作系动词用时,后面要接行容词作表语。在英语动词中,有一部分行为动词可用作连系动词,后面应接形容词作表语,不要误用副词。这类常用作系动词的行为动词有下面几种情况:

A. 表示"变成某种状态"的动词:become , come , fall , get , grow , make , prove , run ,turn , turn out例如:

Our country becomes stronger and stronger. 我们的国家越来越强大。

Milk is liable to turn bad in summer .夏天,牛奶容易变质。

The child fell asleep . 孩子睡着了。

Our holidays come near . 我们的假期临近。

B. 表示"保持某种状态"的动词: continue , hold , keep , lie , remain , rest , sit , stand , stay 如:

The weather continued cold .天气持续寒冷。

Hold still .不要动。

Keep still while I photograph you .我给你照相时,请不要乱动。

They remained quiet when they listened to the story .他们听故事时一直很安静。

C. 表示"感觉"的动词:appear , feel , look , seem , smell , sound , taste 例如:

She appeared happy at the good news. 她听到这好消息时显得很高兴。

Silk feels soft. 绸子摸起来很软。

He looks unwell today .他今天看上去相似身体不适。

I am sure that the soup tastes good.

二)形容词与副词的比较等级

1) 同级比较往往由"as + 形容词/ 副词的原形 + as"的句式表达;当然也要注意它的否定形式、以及在第一个as前加倍数或程度副词的情况。

2)"比较级 + than"引导不同级的比较。"比较级" 前同样可以加倍数或程度副词。另外"no more …than"意思是"A和B一样不……" 。

3) 形容词的最高级前一般必须有定冠词the;但是也有不加定冠词the的几种情况。

4) 要注意几种比较级的特殊句型,如:"the + 比较级…,the + 比较级……",意思是"越……越……";以及"比较级 + and + 比较级"意思是"越来越…",等。

英文中的形容词和副词一般都有三种级的形式即:原级(The Positive Degree),比较级(The Comparative Degree)和最高级(The Superlative Degree)。

1) 同级比较中有两种情况:

# 表示双方情况"一模一样",用as + 原级 + as的结构;

# 表示双方情况"不(那么)一样",用not so / as + 原级 + as的结构。在这两种结构中,第一个as是副词,而第二个as是连词;在第二个as的后面接名词、句子或代词的主格(一般不要接代词的宾格)。例如:

My parcel is as heavy as yours . 我的包裹与他的一样沉。

Arther calculates as accurately as a calculator.阿瑟象计算器一样计算精确。

His bedroom is not as neat as his sister's. 他的寝室没有他姐姐的整洁。

It is not so hot as yesterday. 今天不象昨天那么热。

I can't speak English as fast as a native speaker. 我说英文没有以英语为母语的人说得快。

2)另外,在as … as 的结构中,第一个as的前面可以加上表示倍数的词、或是某些副词修饰语:twice , ( three ) times , nearly , almost , just , exactly , not nearly(根本不), by no means(绝不), quite 等等。例如:

Asia is four tomes as large as Europe. 亚洲有欧洲的四倍大(亚洲比欧洲大三倍)。

James is not nearly as tall as Robert. 詹姆斯根本没有罗伯特高。

Cast iron is almost as useful as steel. 铸铁差不多与钢一样有作用。

She hasn't been quite so unlucky as she pretends. 她还没有象她常装出的那样不幸。

3) 在as … as 的结构中,我们还常见这样两种句型:as much + 不可数名词 + as 和as many + 复数可数名词 + as 。例如:

She spread as much butter on her bread as Jane usually does. 她在面包上涂的黄油与琼通常涂的一样多。

He has learned as many English words as his brother (has ) . 他已学了和他哥哥一样多的英文单字。

4)不同级的比较主要用表示于人与人、事物与事物之间不同之处的比较,其意义为"A比B更(怎么样)一些"。常用的结构是比较级 + than 。例如:

They worked even harder than they promised. 他们工作得比他们答应的还要卖力。

This street is narrower than that one. 这条街比那条街窄一些。

5) 在比较级 + than的结构前可以加上某些副词类和表示倍数的词,以对其进行修饰,如:far(远),even(甚至),much(许多),still(更,还),a lot(许多),a little / bit(一点),rather(相当地),slightly(略微),not any(不再),three times …(三倍、……),等等。例如:

This book is far more interesting than that one. 这本书比那一本有趣多了。

You've been working much harder than I have. 你一直比我工作得努力多了。

She came even earlier than I asked (him to). 她来得甚至比我叫她来的时间还要早。

6) 比较级中的两个特殊作用的结构是:The + 比较级 + 句子,the + 比较级 + 句子。和 比较级+ and + 比较级 。前一个句型结构表示的意义是"越(怎么样就)越(怎么样)",在这个结构中的两个"比较级"不要求一定词性相同,它们各自的词性要依句子的需要而定;后一个句型结构表示的意义是"越来越(怎么样)",在这个结构中的两个 "比较级"则要求词性相同。例如:

The harder you work at your study, the better academic records you will have. 你学习越努力,你的成绩就越好。

The more we have, the more we want. 人欲无穷。

When winter is coming , it gets colder and colder .冬天来临之际,天越来越冷了。

He became less and less satisfied with the football team's performance. 他对足球队的表现越来越不满意了。

7) 没有比较对象的比较结构。所谓没有比较对象的比较结构不是指省略而言,而是指并非真正的比较。例如:

The car runs faster than 110 miles. 那辆车时速为110多英里。

There is more than one solution to the problem. 这个问题的解决办法不止一个。

The daily cost in an average hospital in the United States can run as high as $250 . 在美国普通医院的每天的费用可高达250美元。

8) 用比较级的形式表达最高级的意思。在这种情况下,往往是将一个人或是一件事与其他所有的人或事相比较。做这种句子时有一点要特别注意--别忘了常在比较状语中用any ,other , else类的字眼,以将比较主体排除在比较对象以外,因为自己不可以与自己相比较。例如:

He is taller than anyone else in our class. 他在我们班比其他任何都高。

Iron is more useful than any other metals. 铁比其他任何金属更有作用。

9) no + 比较级 + than的结构表示"A和B一样不……"。例如:

She runs no faster than her sister. 她与她妹妹一样跑不快。

Tom is no wiser than John. 汤姆和约翰一样没有聪明才智。

He is no richer than his brother. 他与他弟弟一样不富有。

10)比较和倍数的表达方法:

在表达一方是另一方的若干倍时,常用如下表达方式:(1)“……倍数+as+adj./adv.(原级)+ as……”,在两个as之间可用many(修饰可数名词),much(修饰不可数名词)和其它相应的词。(2)“……倍数+adj./adv.(比较级)+than……”(3)“……倍数+the size /height/length /weight/ width /depth……+of+the+名词”。

1. There are more than twice ______ five years ago.

a. as many books as

b. many books as

在下句中twice as many...as前后要一致,more than 修饰twice.

2. We are eating _______ vegetables per person today as they did in 1910.

A.more than twice

B.as twice as many

C.twice as many as

D.more than twice as many

3)After the new technique was introduced,the factory produced __ tractors in 1988 as the year before.

A.as twice many

B.as many twice

C.twice as many

D.twice many as

[点拨]“倍数”句型翻译有三种方式。(1)“倍数(百分数)+形容词比较级+than+比较对象”,译作“增加……倍”或“是……的‘倍数+1’倍”;(2)“倍数(百分数)+as+形容词原级+as+被比较对象”,译作“是……的多少倍”;(3)“倍数+the+名词+of+被比较对象”,其中常用的名词有size,length,width,depth等,也译作“是……的多少倍”。如“你们的操场比我们的操场大四倍(是我们操场的五倍大)”可分别译作:(1)Your playground is four times larger than ours.(2)Your playground is five times as large as ours.(3)Your playground is five times the size of ours.

这种结构的一般表达方式是最高级 + 表示范围的状语,其意义是"某人、某事在某个范围内最 ……"。使用这种结构时我们应该注意,形容词的最高级前面一般说来要加用定冠词the ,而副词的最高级前面的定冠词往往可以省略。例如:

He is the tallest of the three boys. 那三个男孩中他最高。

That is the biggest lake in our province. 那是我省最大的一条湖。

Joe runs fastest in our school .桥在我们学校跑得最快。

尽管这种结构比较单一、简单,但我们也要注意下面的情况

1)of后接名词,用来说明"最高级的范围",其实也是"比较对象";而among 的后面往往是接带有最高级的名词词组,说明"主体是最……之一"。例如:

I believe Einstein is among the greatest scientists. 我相信爱因斯坦是最伟大的科学家之一。

Yellow River is among the longest rivers in China. 黄河是中国最长的河流之一。

This novel is the most interesting of the three. 在这三部小说中,这一部最有趣。

She is the tallest of the girls in our class. 她是我们班女孩中的最高个儿。

2)形容词的最高级前面不用定冠词the的几种情况

A.形容词的最高级作表语(或者说,作主语补足语),并且又不与其他人或事相比较,通常在其前不用定冠词the 。例如:

The market in the country is busiest in winter. 乡下集市冬季里最繁忙。

It is best to go and ask the teacher .最好去问老师。

The well is deepest at this point .这口井在此处最深。

B.形容词的最高级作"非常、极其"解时,通常在其前也不用定冠词the,但是可以用不定冠词a 。

例如:His father is a most leaned man. 他爸爸是一位极有学问的人。

She is most beautiful.她非常漂亮。

When studying at college , I was in closest touch with Leon .

读大学时,我与里昂关系非常密切。

C.如果形容词的最高级前已有人称代词的所有格、或是名词的所有格形式、指示代词等修饰语时,其前也不再用定冠词the了。例如:

Her greatest wish is to be an air hostess after her graduation.

她最大的愿望是毕业后当一名空姐。

His most educational hobby is stamp-collecting.

他最具教育意义的嗜好是集邮。

D. 当两个形容词的最高级同时修饰一个名词时,后面一个形容词的最高级前的定冠词the通常被省略了。例如:

He is the oldest ,but most energetic of my colleagues . 在我的同事中,他是最年长的,却是最有活力的。

This is the most effective and most economic solution to the problem .这是最有效且最经济的解决问题的办法。

He is the youngest and most famous athlete in the world. 他是世界上最年青、最著名的运动员。

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