人教版英语初三知识点总结单元 (10)

20##-2012学年初中英语九年级(人教新目标)素材(含教案和练习)

Unit10 By the time I

一. 教学内容:

Unit 10 By the time I got outside, the bus had already left.

【学习目标】

1. 通过本单元的学习,掌握过去完成时态的用法,特别是与一般过去时态和现在完成时态的区别。

2. 合理安排自己的学习和生活,守时守信。

二、教学重点难点:

    过去完成时态的用法及本模块中的一些重点短语

三、重点词和短语

1. by the time    到……时候

2. get dressed    穿衣服

3. run all the way to school   一路跑向学校

4. leave +物+地点   把某物落在某地

【即学即用】

He         his umbrella in the train.

A. leave   B. left   C. forgot   D. forget

5. no wonder      难怪

6. run back to school  跑回学校

7. start doing / to do  开始做某事

8. go off   发出响声

【即学即用】

In the morning, I didn’t hear my alarm clock         .

A. going off    B. went off    C. go off    D. to go off

9. wait for sb. to do sth.  等待某人做某事

10. run off / away    跑掉 离开

11. unfortunately  不幸地

    luckily   幸运地

【即学即用】

       , he didn’t pass the English exam again.

A. Luckily    B. Fortunately    C. Unfortunately    D. Unfortunate

12. on time  准时

    in time  及时

【即学即用】

People to the meeting all arrived here         .

A. in time    B. on time    C. after time    D. for time

13. give sb a ride  让某人搭便车

【即学即用】

He walked         me and asked where I was going and told me that they offered to         .

A. by; give me a ride      B. off; give me rides 

C. by; give me some feet   D. through; give me a walking make it      

14. break down   出故障

【即学即用】

My bike         on my way to school, so I had to walk there.

A. broke out   B. broke in   C. broke down   D. broke away

15. show up 出席;露面

【即学即用】

He didn’t         until supper was nearly over.

A. show off   B. show up   C. show round   D. show in

16. stay up late   熬夜到很晚

stay up all night studying   熬夜学习

17. costume party      化妆舞会

18. happen to sb    某人发生了什么事

    happen to do  碰巧做某事

19. set off     激起

    set off=set out  出发/起程

【即学即用】

His action        a heated argument.

A. set out   B. set up   C. set off   D. set free

20. across the whole country   遍及整个城市

21. thousands of   成千上万

22. flee-fled-fled    逃离  

    flee from + 地点  从某地逃离

    flee away    逃离/逃跑

23. sell out 卖光

24. marry sb=get/be married to sb  和某人结婚

四、重点、难点、考点及疑点注释

1. I started walking, but I knew I couldn’t get to school on time. 我开始步行,但我知道我已经不能按时到达学校了。(Section A, 3a)

(1)start to do sth.和start doing sth都表示“开始做某事”,常可相互替换。

At the age of 12, he started writing his own newspaper.

= At the age of 12, he started to write his own newspaper.

他十二岁时,开始编写自己的报纸。

(2)on time在本句中意为“准时,按规定的时间不早也不迟”。

Li Ming’s father seldom goes work on time. 李明的父亲很少准时上班。

The party began on time that evening. 晚会在那天晚上准时举行。

知识拓展:

time表示“……次/倍”时,是可数名词,其复数形式为times。

How many times did you see the movie? 那部电影你看了几遍?

I have four times as many books as you.我的书是你的4倍。

特别提示:

in time意为“及时”。

I will try my best to finish it in time. 我会尽力及时完成。

Will you be home in time to see the children before they go to bed?

你来得及在孩子们上床睡觉之前赶回家看看他们吗?

短语链接:

all the time始终、总是, at any time在任何时候, at the same time同时, from time to time偶尔, have a good/bad time过得快乐/不快乐, in no time立刻, many a time屡次, at times有时, take one’s time慢慢来/别着急, The Times《泰晤士报》(英国一大报), two times three 2乘以3

2. When I got to school, the final bell was ringing. I only just made it to my class. 我到学校的时候,上课铃正在响。我刚好正点赶到教室上课。(Section A, 3a)

(1) final bell在此处作“上课铃”解,有时也写为second bell,而“预备铃”则表示为first bell。

(2) made it在这里表示“到达、赶上”的意思。

You can make it if you hurry. 如果你快一点的话,就会按时赶到的。

3. Welles was so convincing that hundreds of people believed the story, and panic set off across the whole country. Welles的话是如此具有说服力,以至于成百上千人相信了他的话,全国处于一片恐慌之中。(Section B, 3a)

(1)so...that在这里引导结果状语从句,表示“如此……以至于……”,so强调形容词或副词,that后面接从句,常用于下面的结构中:

例如:

The computer is so useful that each of us wants to buy one.

计算机太有用了,我们每个人都想买一台。

He ran so fast that we couldn’t catch up with him. 他跑得太快,我们追不上他。

He had so many falls that he could ride a bike at last.

他摔了很多跤,终于学会了骑车。

There’s so much noise in the meeting room that I can’t hear the speaker clearly.

会议室里的噪音太大,我听不清演讲者的发言。

知识拓展:

so...that句型转换的四种方法:

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语一致,且that从句是否定式时,常用too...to...转换。

The little girl was so tired that she couldn’t walk farther.

=The little girl was too tired to walk farther.

这个小女孩太累了,她不能再走更远的路了。

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语不一致,且that从句是否定式时,常用too...for sb to do sth转换。

The work is so difficult that we can’t finish it in time.

=The work is too difficult for us to finish it in time.

这份工作太难了,我们不能按时完成。

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语一致,且that从句是肯定式时,常用...enough to do sth转换。

He is so strong that he can lift the heavy box.

=He is strong enough to lift the heavy box.他强壮得足以举起那个重箱子。

◎当从句的主语与主句中的主语不一致,且that从句是肯定式时,常用...enough for sb to do sth转换。

He spoke so clearly that I could hear him.

=He spoke clearly enough for me to hear him.他说得很清楚,我能听明白。

特别提示:

so that连在一起使用,意为“为了,以便”,表示目的,此时主句和从句的主语不一定一致;另外,还可以引导结果状语从句,前面一般用逗号。

Speak louder so that we can hear you. 你说大声点儿,以便我们能听得见。

She was ill, so that she was unable to go with you. 她病了,不能和你一起去了。

相关链接:

such也表示“如此……以至于……”,但such强调名词,常用于下面的结构中:

例如:

He is such a little boy that I can’t believe him.

= He is so little a boy that I can’t believe him.

他是如此小的一个孩子,以至于我不能相信他说的话。

It was such bad weather that we had to stay at home. 天气如此恶劣我们只好呆在家里。

【即学即用】

⑴—Jack, you look tired today. What’s wrong?

—I was         busy        I didn’t go to bed until midnight yesterday.

A. too; to   B. enough; to   C. so; that   D. such; that

⑵It’s         that we had to stay at home all day.

A. such hot weather  B. so hot weather  C. such a hot weather  D. so hot a weather

(2)动词短语set off在本句中是“引起、激起”的意思。

A letter from home set off an attack of homesickness.

一封家书激起了一片思乡之情。

特别提示:

set off在作“出发、动身”解时,与set out意思相同。

It was raining when we set off/out. 我们出发时,天还下着雨。

4. One April Fool’s day, a reporter in England announced that there would be no more spaghetti because the spaghetti farmers in Italy had stopped growing spaghetti. 一个愚人节,有位英国记者宣称以后不会再有意大利式细面条可以吃了,因为意大利的农民已经停止生产这种细面条了。(Section B, 3a)

there would be是there be的过去将来时,意为“过去将有”。

知识拓展:

过去将来时由“would+动词原形”构成,表示从过去某个时间看将来要发生的动作或存在的状态,常用于宾语从句中。

The students didn’t know where they would go tomorrow.

同学们不知道明天要去哪儿。

Nobody knew where he would go. 没人知道他要去哪里。

◎过去将来时也常可用“was/were+going to+动词原形”表示。

She said that she was going to speak at the meeting.她说她要在大会上发言。

Li Ping said that she was going to visit her aunt in the town the next Sunday.

李萍说她下个星期日要去拜访住在城里的姑姑。

5. She was thrilled, because she really wanted to get married. 她很激动,因为她真的想结婚。(Section B, 3a)

(1)thrilled是形容词,意为“非常激动的、非常兴奋的”,常用来说明一个人的心情。

He was thrilled when he heard the news. 他听到这个消息时很激动。

She was thrilled and shy when she heard “I love you” from her boy friend.

当她听到她男朋友说“我爱你”的时候,她很激动也很害羞。

(2)get married是固定短语,意为“结婚”,表示动作;而be married表示状态,意为“结婚了”,这两个短语都可以和介词to连用。

She’s married to my brother. 她嫁给了我哥哥。

They’re saving up to get married. 他们储钱准备结婚。

魔力纠错:

他和我的一个朋友结了婚。

误:He was married with a friend of mine.  

正:He was married to a friend of mine.

魔力解析:

当表示“与……结婚”时,marry用作及物动词,其后接介词to,而不能用with。

特别提示

marry是短暂性动词,当表示“结婚多长时间”时,要用be married。

Lucy married Robert two years ago.

= Lucy has been married to Robert for two years. 露茜和罗伯特结婚两年了。

知识拓展:

◎问某人“婚否”时应说Are you married?或Is he married?等;如果“未婚”,可以说I’m single.。

◎问某人“何时结的婚”应说When were you married?或When did you get married?。

【即学即用】

⑴—When did you         ?

—I’ve         for two months.

A. get married; been married    B. be married; been married   

C. get married; got married     D. get married; married

⑵His daughter is going to be married         an engineer.

A. with   B. for   C. to    D. /

五、语法:

“过去完成时”闯关

★过去完成时表示在过去某一时间或动作之前已经完成的动作,它表示动作发生的时间是“过去的过去”,它是一种相对的时态,即其相对于一般过去时,没有一般过去时就没有过去完成时,如图解:

   

★过去完成时由“助动词had(had用于各种人称)+ 动词的过去分词”构成

【第1关】用动词的正确时态填空:

By the time he was ten, he         (set) up a lab of his own.

【融会贯通】表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经完成的动作,可以用by, before, by the end of等介词短语或by the time引导一个时间状语从句来表示。应填写:had set。

又如:I had seen you before you saw me. 在你看到我之前,我早已看到你了。

【第2关】用动词的正确时态填空:

He said she         (work) in a foreign company for five years before she         (become) an English teacher.

【融会贯通】在宾语从句中,主句谓语动词为一般过去时(said, asked, told),从句用过去完成时,此时从句中的动作发生在主句的动作之前。应填写:had worked; became。

又如:The teacher asked me what had happened to me.老师问我发生了什么事。

【第3关】改错:

When we got there, the movie had begun for almost twenty minutes.

                                                            

【融会贯通】表示从过去某一时间开始,持续到过去某一时间的动作或状态。常与for引导的一段时间连用。

注意:此时谓语动词只能用延续性动词。所以句中had begun应改为had been on。

又如:I had worked for three hours when he called. 当他打电话时,我已经工作了三个小时了。

【第4关】用动词的正确时态填空:

Paul helped me repair the bike that I         (ride) for two years.

【融会贯通】在含有定语从句的主从复合句中,如果叙述的是过去的事,先发生的动作常用过去完成时。应填写:had ridden。

又如:I returned the books that I had borrowed last week. 我已经还了上周借的书。

【第5关】用动词的正确时态填空:

I didn’t get to the airport until the plane         (take) off.

【融会贯通】由连词after, until引导的复合句中,如果主句谓语动词和从句谓语动词所表示的过去动作不是同时发生的,那么先发生的动作通常用过去完成时表示。应填写:had taken。

【第6关】翻译填空:

我很快冲了个澡,吃了点早饭,然后迅速向车站跑去。

I        a quick shower,         some breakfast, and then         off to the bus stop.(见Section A, 3a)

【融会贯通】区别过去完成时与一般过去时

两种时态都表示过去发生的动作或存在的状态,但使用时应注意以下几点:

1. 过去完成时在时间上强调“过去的过去”;而一般过去时只强调过去某一特定的时间,试比较:

By yesterday morning, I had called you ten times. 到昨天上午,我已经给你打了十个电话了。

I called you yesterday morning. 昨天上午我给你打的电话。

2. 当两个或两个以上的动作接连发生时,按时间顺序,只需用一般过去时。应填写:took, had, ran。

又如:She took up her schoolbag, locked the door and went to school by bike. 她拿起书包,锁上门,然后骑着自行车去上学了。

【闯关练习】

I. 下列各句中均有一处错误,找出并改正。

1. When we got there, the movie had begun for almost ten minutes.

2. He said he has finished his homework already.

3. How long was your father worked in that firm before he came here?

4. By the time you rang me, all my homework had done.

5. I met Han Mei yesterday. I have never met her since we left school

II. 用所给动词的正确形式填空。

1. I thought we         (meet) each other before.

2. We         (learn) 3,000 words by the end of last year.

3. He told me that he         (have) a cold for three days.

4. Mr Smith         (finish) his work, so he left for home.

5. I         (receive) a letter from my friend yesterday. We         (not hear) from each other since 2005.

参考答案:

I 1.begun →been on 2. has →had 3. was→ had 4. had done→ had been done 5. have →had

II. 1. had met 2. had learned / learnt 3. had had 4. had finished 5. received; hadn’t heard

中考聚焦:

考点1. make it

—Math is difficult for me. How I wish to improve it!

—Don’t lose your confidence. I believe you will         it if you keep trying.(2007湖北宜昌)

A. take    B. work    C. pick    D. make

【要点简析】make it意为“做好;做到;做成功”或“及时到达”。选 D。

考点2. leave sth. + 地点

This morning I went to work in such a hurry that I         the key in my office at home. (2007山东青岛)

A. forgot   B. left   C. missed   D. lost

【要点简析】“leave sth. + 地点”表示“把某物忘在某处”。选B。

考点3. stay up

—Don’t         too late, or you will feel tired in class.

—I won’t, Mum.    (2007四川内江)

A. stand up    B. stay up    C. wake up    D. get up

【要点简析】stay up 意为“熬夜;不睡觉”。 stand up意为“起立”; wake up意为“唤醒”;get up意为“起床”;选B。

考点4. 过去完成时

By the end of last year, we         the work.  (2007内蒙古乌兰察布)

A. has finished   B. had finished   C. have finished   D. finish

【要点简析】由介词短语by the end of last year 可知,该句应用过去完成时。选B。

考点5. announce

根据汉语提示写单词:The vote was completed. The teacher         (宣布)the result.(2007江苏苏州)

【要点简析】announce是及物动词,意为“宣布;公布;发布;通告”,其名词形式为 announcement。应填写:announced。

考点6. so… that …

She worked so quietly         no one knew she was there. (2006浙江杭州)

A. which     B. after     C. as     D. that

【要点简析】so… that… 如此……以至……,so后面接形容词或副词,that之后接从句。选D。

【模拟试题】(答题时间:90分钟)

I. 单项选择

1. Mary, hurry up! Or         we get there, the performance will be over.

    A. at the time   B. on time   C. by the time   D. in time

2. There are still twenty minutes left. If we run, we will         .

    A. make it   B. get it   C. go off   D. reach

3. Luo Juan gets         if we ask her to sing.

    A. embarrassing   B. exhausted   C. convincing   D. embarrassed

4. I went to meet Hank, but he never         .

    A. rushed off   B. showed up   C. gave out   D. set up

﹡5. I suddenly realized that I         my umbrella on the bus.

    A. forgot   B. had missed   C. got lost   D. had left

6. —Kate, tomorrow is my birthday. Please come to my home.

—Thank you for         .

    A. invite me   B. inviting me   C. invite to me   D. inviting to me

7. Catherine         the e-mail before her mother came into the bedroom.

    A. has finished   B. was finished   C. finished   D. had finished

8. The phone was ringing but by the time she         indoors, it had stopped.

    A. gets    B. got    C. has got    D. had got

﹡9. When we got to the theatre, the play         for half an hour.

    A. has started   B. has been on   C. had started   D. had been on

﹡10. —I can’t walk any longer, Mum.

—Why?         , dear?

    A. What has happened to you      B. What did you happen  

    C. What have you happened       D. What is happened to you

11. He works         that he makes few mistakes in his work.

    A. so carefully   B. such carefully   C. so careful   D. such careful

12.       , I found my key in my drawer.

    A. Luckily    B. Lucky    C. Unlucky    D. Unfortunately

13. Although the alarm clock went         , my friend didn’t wake up.

    A. on     B. off     C. out     D. down

﹡14. —When did you         ?

—I’ve         for two months.

    A. get married; been married       B. be married; been married

C. get married; gotten married      D. get married; married

15. —You don’t look well this morning. What’s wrong?

    —Nothing. Maybe I         a little late last night.

    A. stayed up    B. woke up    C. got up    D. stood up

II. 完形填空

“Ring…Ring…” the telephone suddenly rang. Sam got up to   16   the call. It was his aunt.

“Sam,   17   are you still at home?” she asked in a surprised voice.

Sam looked at the clock. It was already 7:30 am.

“Oh, my goodness! There is an important   18   today,” Sam shouted out.

He rushed to wash his face and get dressed. When he was going to leave the house, he remembered that he had not   19   his books. He ran quickly to the   20   and put them into his schoolbag.

He then went to the bus stop as   21   as he could. When he got into the classroom, his classmates were   22   writing.

“Why are you so   23   ?” asked the teacher.

“I’m sorry, sir,” Sam answered, afraid of looking up, “it was my clock…It failed to   24   me up this morning and …”

“Don’t say anything about it!” his teacher stopped him. “Don’t try to come late next time!”

Sam said yes and walked to his seat quickly. But when he tried to do the paper, he could not think in a right way for long. He put his head on the desk and said, “What a   25   day it has been for me!”

16. A. find                    B. answer          C. give               D. put

17. A. why                    B. how              C. when              D. where

18. A. talk                    B. party            C. meeting           D. exam

19. A. put down               B. put away          C. put off             D. put up

20. A. door                    B. bus              C. kitchen            D. desk

21. A. early                   B. quietly            C. fast              D. carefully

22. A. free                    B. worried           C. busy              D. careful

23. A. ill                       B. ready           C. lonely     D. late

24. A. cheer                  B. wake             C. lift                 D. make

25. A. short                   B. happy            C. usual              D. sad

III. 阅读理解

A

My friend, a doctor at a hospital, had finished a physical exam on an eight-year-old boy when the mother told the doctor that his son was always having junk food. The doctor thought how he might get the child to see the light of his poor eating habit. “So” he asked, “What do you want to be when you grow up?”

“I want to be a doctor,” said the boy.

“I’ve got him now, ”thought the doctor. “And what would you say to a boy when his mother complained that he was having too much junk food?”

At once, the boy replied, “I also ate junk food when I was a child, and look at me now?”

26. What was the boy’s problem?

A. He was often ill.

B. He liked junk food very much.

C. He didn’t want to have a physical exam.

D. He didn’t want to eat anything.

27. The doctor tried       .

A. to let the boy understand it was bad to have too much junk food

B. to give the boy more junk food

C. to test if the boy was clever

D. to make the boy eat no junk food

28. What answer did the doctor expect to hear about his second question?

A. It’s not good for you to have too much junk food.

B. You’ll be stronger if you eat more junk food.

C. It doesn’t matter to eat too much junk food.

D. Listen to your mother, and you’ll have more junk food.

29. The story mainly tells us that       .

A. boys are clever than the doctor

B. junk food is bad for health

C. children have their way of thinking

D. boys shouldn’t eat too much junk food

30. What’s the best title (标题) for this passage?

A. A Clever Boy

B. A Foolish Doctor

C. An Unexpected (未曾料想到的) Boy

D. An Unexpected Answer         

B

When you want to go shopping, decide how much money you can spend for new clothes, think about the kind of clothes you really need, then look for those clothes on sale.

There are labels(标签)inside all new clothes. The labels tell you how to take care of your clothes. The label for a shirt may tell you to wash it in warm water. A sweater label may tell you to wash by washing in cold water. The label on a coat may say “dry clean only”, washing may ruin (损坏)this coat. If you do as the directions(说明)say on the label, “you can keep your clothes looking their best.”

Many clothes today must be dry cleaned. Dry cleaning is expensive. When buying new clothes, check(核实)to see if they will need to be dry cleaned. You will save money if you buy clothes that can be washed.

You can save money if you buy clothes that are well made. Well-made clothes last longer. They look good even after they have been washed many times. Clothes that cost more money are not always better made. They do not always fit better, Sometimes less expensive clothes look and fit better than more expensive clothes.

31. If you want to save money, you can buy clothes that_______.

A. don’t fit you          B. don’t last long

C. need to be dry cleaned   D. can be washed

32. The labels inside the clothes tell you_______.

A. how to keep them looking their best

B. how to save money

C. whether they fit you or not

D. where to get them dry cleaned

33. The first thing for you to do before you buy clothes is ______.

A. to look for well-made clothes

B. to see how much money you can pay

C. to know how to wash them

D. to read the labels inside them

34. We learn from the reading that cheaper clothes _______.

A. are always worse made    B. must be dry cleaned

C. can not be washed        D. can sometimes fit you better

35. The best title(标题)for the reading should be_______.

A. Buying Less Expensive Clothes

B. Taking Enough Money When Shopping

C. Being a Clever Clothes Shopper

D. Choosing the Labels inside New Clothes

C

Right in the middle of the town are some long ponds(池塘). They are only about half a foot deep. The men of Symi dug out the earth to make the ponds.

Over each pond is a low cover(盖子). It is made of glass that you can see through.

At night, sea water is taken into the ponds. The next day, the hot sun shines through the covers. The sun light turns the water into vapor(水蒸气)and the vapor goes up from the ponds. The salt is left behind.

As it goes, the vapor becomes mist(雾). On the inside of each cover, the little drops of mist run together to make big drops. These run down the sides of the cover, filling another ponds with fresh water.

The salt left behind in the ponds is washed out each night. Then more sea water is taken in. The factory is ready for the next day’s work. The covers and other parts of the factory cost very little. Sea water and sun cost nothing. Most people of Symi are poor. So to them this new way of getting fresh water seems wonderful.

36. Why did the men of Symi dig some long ponds? They dug the long ponds ________.

A. to get fresh water

B. to find out salt and flesh water inside

C. so that they could clean sea water

D. to get salt by taking sea water inside and shining it

37. What makes the water turn into vapor?

A. The glass cover  B. The bad weather   C. The salty water  D. The sun light

38. Where are the little drops made into big drops?

A. In the ponds with flesh water.

B. On the inside of the covers.

C. As the vapor goes up.

D. On the walls of the salt water ponds.

39. Which picture shows the right way to get fresh water?

      

A.       B.       C.        D.

40. Which of the following is true?

A. There is a very big river running through the town to the sea.

B. The sea water is taken into the ponds in the daytime every day.

C. The people in Symi can get fresh water from the sea.

D. The water in the ponds can be seen through the cover.

IV. 根据句意,用方框中所给词的适当形式填空。

﹡41. It seemed that he            something expensive.

42. She really wants to get            next month.

﹡43. The foods here            . Please take any you like.

44. They            letters to each other before they met.

45. The meeting            for five minutes when I got to the meeting room.

﹡﹡46. By the end of last year these books            in the library for fifty years.

47. I didn’t see you            at the meeting. Where were you then?

48. By the time I got to school, I realized I            my homework at home.

49.            , he missed the latest bus.

50. John met his best friend yesterday. They            each other since they graduated.

V. 根据中文意思,完成句子。

﹡﹡51. 当我到达火车站时,火车已经开走10分钟了。

When I got to the station, the train                         ten minutes.

52. 我到家后才意识到把手机落在出租车里了。

When I got home, I         that I                 my mobile phone in the taxi.

53. 他告诉我们他从未去过巴黎。

He told us that he                                 Paris.

54. 当警察到达时,小偷已经跑掉了。

When the police         , the thief         already         away.

55. 昨天下午你看上去精疲力尽,发生了什么事?

You                 yesterday afternoon. What                 you.?

VI. 书面表达

    根据所给图画内容和英文提示,写一篇短文。

    要求:1. 词数在80个左右。2. 把图中所示内容表达完整,用上所有词语,条理清晰,意思连贯,语句通顺,标点正确。3. 短文第一句已给出.

    提示:football match, excited, bed, until,twelve, too late for, get to school, on time,

  begin, lesson, get angry, feel guilty(惭愧), have a test, fail, English test

 

    It was late last Monday, but Tom was still watching TV in his room.

                                                                    

                                                                     

                                                                    

                                                                    

                                                                    

【试题答案】

I. 1-5 CADBD           6-10 BDBDA             11-15 AABAA

II. 16-20 BADBD               21-25 CCDBD

III. 26-30 BAACD              31-35 DABDC                    36-40 ADBCD 

IV. 41. had lost  42. married  43. are free   44. had written 45. had been on 46. had been kept

47. show up  48. had left  49. Unluckily  50. hadn’t seen

V. 51. had been away 52. realized; had left 53. had never been to 54.arrived; had; run

55. looked exhausted; happened to

VI. It was late last Monday, but Tom was still watching TV in his room. There was a wonderful football match on TV. How excited he was! That night he didn’t go to bed until twelve o’clock.

    The next morning, it was a quarter to eight when he woke up. It was too late for Tom to get to school on time.

    When Tom reached school, it was eight. The teacher was already beginning her lesson. When Tom came into the classroom, she got angry and said, “What time is it now, Tom? ”Tom felt guilty and could say nothing.

In English class, he had a test. He couldn’t remember the lessons at all, all he was thinking of was the football match. So, Tom failed his English test.

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