七年级上册英语语法总结(实用)

新目标英语七年级上册语法知识与句型总结

Review of Units 1~7

★1.中格(13):a,c,e,m,n,o,r,s,u,v,w,x,z.

中下格(3):g,q,y.

中上格(7):b,d,h,i,k,l,t.

全格(3):f,j,p.

★2./ei/(4):a,h,j,k.

/i:/9):b,c,d,e,g,p,t,v,z.

/e/(7):f,l,m,n,s,x,z

/ai/(2):i,y.

/eu/(1):o

/ju/(3):q,u,w.

/a:/(1):r

★3.是辅音字母前面却用an:f,l,m,n,s,x,h,r. 是元音字母前面却用a:u

★4.四个“好”

1)fine:身体好,天气好。

Eg:I’m fine.

Today is a fine day.

2)good质量好,品质好

Eg:This is a good jacket.

We have a good teacher.

first

3)nice 漂亮的,美味的,有好的

Eg:Lucy is a nice girl.

He has a big nice lunch.

It’s very nice of you.

4)well 身体好,做,,,好(修饰动词)

Eg:My grandmother is well.

He can play the trumpet well.

★5.所有格

1)加‘s

Eg:Jim’s mother Mike’s ruler her brother’s friend

2)以s结尾的只加’

Eg:his parents’ car students’ classroom

3)共同拥有的,只在最后加’

Eg:Lucy and Lily’s desk is new.

Tom and Jim’s room is clean.

4)分别拥有的,分别加’

Eg: Gina’s and Anna’s backpacks are yellow.

Dale’s and Bill’s chairs are under the table.

★6.同义句

1).How much is/are the….?=What’s the price of the…? It’s/They’re….=The price of the…is…

Eg:How much are the socks?

second

=What’s the price of the sock?

They are 25 dollars

=The price of them is 25.

2).What color is/are the …?=What’s the color of the…? It’s/They’re …=The color of the …..is…..

Eg:What color are the flowers?

=What’s the color of the flowers?

They are yellow and red.

=The color of the flowers is yellow and red.

★7. Here is my family photo. 这是我的全家福照片。

1)倒装句式:副词+谓语+主语(名词)Here is your letter.这是你的信。

介词+主语(代词)+谓语 Here you are. 给你。

2) Here is/ are... .常用于把某物递给说话的对象

This is ... .也表示“这是……。”但通常用于介绍;This is my friend,Jim.

3) a photo of me (照片上就是我)

A photo of mine (是属于我拥有的照片, 不一定照片上就是我,可能是别人,也可能是风景动物等的照片)

A photo of Jim 照片上就是吉姆

A photo of Jim’s 属于吉姆拥有的照片

A photo of my brother 照片上就是我弟弟

third

A photo of my brother’s 属于我弟弟拥有的照片

★8. There are some books in the bookcase. 书柜里有些书。 There be 句型

1)构成及意义There be + n. + 某处. 在某处有什么。

例如:There is an alarm clock on the dresser.梳妆台上有一个闹钟。

There are some keys in the drawer.抽屉里有一些钥匙。

2) 否定式

例如:There isn’t a baseball on the floor.地上没有一个棒球。 There aren’t any books in the bookcase. 书柜里没有一些书。

3) 疑问句及回答

例如:Is there an alarm clock on the dresser?.梳妆台上有一个闹钟吗?Yes ,there is.是的,有。No, there isn’t.不,没有。

4)There be句型的就近原则:若有两个或两个以上的主语是,谓语常与靠近它的那个主语一致。

例如:There is a book, two pens and some cups on the table. There are two pens, some cups and a book on the table.

5)变疑问句或否定句时,应将原句中的some改为any。

6)对不可数名词的数量提问:比较问的对象不一样:

There is two bowls of broccoli in the bowl(碗).

碗里有些花椰菜。

How much broccoli is there in the bowl(碗)?

fourth

碗里有多少花椰菜?

How many bowls of broccoli are there on the table?有多少碗花椰菜?

7)在变特殊疑问句时,不要忘记加are(is) there。

How many people are there in the room? (√)房间里有多少人?

How many people in the room? (×)

8)与have的区别:have表示某人或某物拥有什么;

I have a book.我有一本书。

There be表示在什么地方存在什么。

★9. I want to join your school sports center.

我想加入你们学校的体育中心。 want 想,想要

1) want + sth.. “想要……” 例如:I want two hamburgers.

2) want to do sth. “想要做……”

例如:He wants to join the reading club.他想加入阅读俱乐部

3) want sb. (not) to do sth. “想某人(不)做什么”

例如:My mother wants me to write English words every

day.

我的母亲想要我每天写英语单词。

He wants that boy not to play soccer in the classroom. 他想要那个男孩不在教室里踢足球。

★10. Ed Smith has a great sports collection.

fifth

Ed Smith有丰富的体育用品收藏。

1)名词修饰名词一般情况下变复数时,只有被修饰的名词变为复数形式, 例如:apple tree - apple trees 苹果树

toy train - toy trains玩具火车

2)如果修饰词为man, woman则两个名词都要变为复数形式, 例如:woman doctor--women doctors 女医生

man teacher --men teachers 男教师

3)有的名词本身常以复数形式出现,

例如:clothes shop--clothes shops服装店

sports club--sports club体育俱乐部

4)丰富的钢笔收藏:a great/big pen collection

很小的钢笔收藏:a small pen collection

★11. 1) 看:watch, see, look, read

例如:watch TV/ a movie/ a football game观看电视/电影/足球

比赛

see a film//comedy/ an old friend看电影/一位老朋友

look at the picture/ that funny boy看着这副画/那个有趣的男孩 read the map/an interesting story读这副地图/一个有趣的故事 ★12. on, in, at的用法:1)on + 具体某一天 / 具体某一天的早、

中、晚

例如: on Sunday 在星期天 on January 2nd 在一月2号 on the morning of October 1st 在十月一号的早晨

sixth

on Monday evening 在星期一晚上

on a spring afternoon在一个春季的下午

on a warm morning在一个温暖的早晨

2)in + 时间段 例如:in the morning / afternoon / evening在

早晨/中午/晚上

in a year/ season/ month/ week在一年/季/月/周里

in April在四月里

3) at + 几点,例如: at 8:00 at noon/ night在正午/夜里 at this time of year 在一年中的这个时候

※高分突破:如果时间状语前面有this, that, next, every等,则不

用介词。

例如: See you next term.下学期见。

★13.1) 对年龄提问:How old are you?=What’s your

age?=May I know/have your age?

其回答:I’m ... (years old).

高分突破:表达年龄的几个同义句:

Tom is 15.=Tom is 15 years old.=Tom is a 15-year-old boy.=Tom is a boy of 15=Tom’s age is 15.

①数词-year-old通常只用作定语,其中year用名词单数形式,例如: a 1000-word article一千字的文章an exciting 5-day trip一个

令人激动的5日游。

②当数字是8,18,80,800,11等元音开头的词前时,注意不定冠词要用 seventh

an,例如:

an 8-year-old boy 一个8岁大的男孩子

an 11-dollar hat一顶11美元的的帽子

★14. I think it’s exciting. 我认为这非常精彩。

主语+ think + 从句

例如:①I think I lost my pen.我认为我丢了我的钢笔。

注意:think这种句子变否定句时要否定转移,即think后不能跟否定句。 例如上面例句①变为否定句为:

I don’t think I lost my pen. (√)

I think I didn’t lose my pen. (×)

★15. too, also和either的区别:

1) too用于句末 例如: Tom is from America. Lucy is from America, too.

2) also用于句中(be动词后,行为动词前)

例如: Tom is from America. Lucy is also from America .

3)either用于否定句末

例如: Tom isn’t tall. Lucy isn’t tall, either. Tom不高, Lucy也不高。

★16. Are you good with children? 你能和孩子们和谐相处吗?

1) be good with = get on well with 与某人和谐相处

2) be good to= be friendly/kind to… 对…友好 He is good to me .他对我好。

eighth

17. What a funny time to have breakfast! 吃早饭的时间多么有趣!

感叹句用what和how引导,what和how与所修饰词放于句首,其它用陈述语序。

1)由what引导的感叹句一般有以下三种结构型式:

①被修饰词是不可数名词时,用 “What+形容词+不可数名词+主语+谓语!”

例如: What great weather!多好的天气啊! What sweet water it is!多甜的水啊!

②被修饰词是可数名词单数时,用 “What+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+主语+谓语!” 例如:What an interesting movie it is!多有趣的电影啊! ③被修饰词是可数名词复数时,用 “What+形容词+复数可数名词+主语+谓语!” 例如:What great books they are!多好的书啊!

2)用how引导的感叹句一般有以下两种形式:

① How+形容词+主语+谓语!”

例如:How nice the shorts are! 多漂亮的短裤啊!

How boring the TV show is! 多无聊的电视节目啊!

② How+副词+主语+谓语!例如:How hard he studies!他学习多努力啊! ★ 18.to遇到home, here, there,over there这几个副词必须去掉。 Eg:get home/here/there到家/这儿/那儿

go home/ there回家/去那儿come here来这儿

★19. Our teacher is very strict and he makes me very tired.

我们的老师非常的严格,而且常使我感到很累。strict 严格的

ninth

① be strict with sb. 对某人严格

My teacher is strict with us.我的老师对我们要求严格。

Their parents are really strict with them他们的父母对他们真的要求严格。 ② be strict in sth. 对某事严格

Our teacher is strict in our homework. 我们的老师对我们的作业要求严格。

③ be strict with sb. in sth. 对某人在某事方面严格

They are strict with me in my homework. 他们对我的作业要求严格。 ★20.1)对时间点提问:What time is it?=What’s the time? It’s…

2)对星期几提问:What day is it today?

3)对日期提问: What’s the date today?

★21.句子单数变复数,注意以下五要素

(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词,即I→we, you→you,she,he,it→ they。如:She is a girl. →They are girls.

(2)am,is要变为are。如:I’m a student. →We are students.

(3)不定冠词a,an要去掉。如:He is a boy. →They are boys.

(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如:It is an apple. →They are apples.

(5)指示代词this,that要变为these,those。如:This is a box. →These are boxes.

(6)复数变单数则相反。

★22.基数词变序数词口诀:

基变序,有规律,词尾加上th;

123,特殊记,词尾字母tdd;

tenth

8去t,9去e,f来把ve替;

整十变y为ie,后跟th莫迟疑;

若想表示几十几,只变个位就可以。

★23.变否定句和一般疑问句时,遇到some改成any;

变否定句时把and改成or,把also或者too改成either!

★ 24.当你、我、他她做主语时,顺序为二、三、一。当你们、我们、他们做主语时,顺序为一、二、三。

Eg;You,he and I are good students.

We,you and they are good students.

★25.Mr. Greens 格林夫妇

The Greens 格林一家人

Eg:Mr. White is an actor.

Mr. White are anctos.

The Whites are having lunch.

★ 26.两个工作work, job

区别一:work是动词,job是名词

Eg:He works in a school.

He wants a job in a school.

区别二:work是不可数名词,job是可数名词。

Eg:He has much work to do every day.

There are many jobs in big cities.

eleventh

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