【英语演讲稿】
FUTURE IS NOW
What is future?Every time I look at the stars in the sky,I ask myself.It’s realy a hard question to answer it.The universe is boundless,we don’t know where are we from and where shall we go.I stand there,at sea.
Last Sunday,there was a rain of meteors.I went to the belcony towait for their coming.Above my shoulder,it was the wind.Above the wind,it was the sky,huge and blue,with sparkling stars.Suddenly,a shooting star appeared.I hurried to pray for her happiness,staring at it.I wanted to pray for more,but it had already died out.I realised ,future is not carved on the meteors,but it’s now,around us.
When a fortune-teller look at your palm,she’ll tell you how your future will be like.That’s a way you place your hope on.But it’s not realistic.The future is the things and people around you.What you should do is to try to do everything well,don’t care much about the results.Be kind to all the people around you,and love them.Although the world is not full of love,the life is not a bed of rose,you should sdick on your belief.When time passes,you’ll find everything you do is worthwhile.
Years is glorious.Because no way you can stop time from elasping.How time flies!Just like the flowers in spring,the sunshine in summer,the moon in mid-autumn and the snow in winter.Maybe one morning you’ll never wake up,you’ll never see the sunrise or the sunset;you’ll never see your sweatheart or talk to her,you’ll never hear the sound of the nature or wander on the path among the trees,you’ll never swim in the lake or climb the mountains.
Time is gold.Every minute is precious.We should make best use of it.Don’t waste even one minute.Spend time in working,in laughing,in playing games and in loving.
Each of us has a kite flying in the sky,and we also have a string each.
Children’s kite is childhood,the string is grown.
Lovers’ kite is love,the string is daily life.
I have a kite,it is called dream,the string in my hands is reality.
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The wind which makes kites fly is future.Kites are not free,but we still have power to control them and let them fly higher and higher.The string is in my hands,future is now in my hands.
Future is now,forget the fortune-teller,clench your fists!
微笑是一种亲切
Good afternoon, ladies and gentlemen!
Today I’d like to share my personal experience of happiness and bitterness of being an English teacher.
I remember, five years ago, when I stood at the teacher’s desk for the first time, maybe because I was too young, maybe because I was too inexperienced, the students in my class paid no attention to me, didn’t behave themselves at all. I felt ashamed and helpless. In order to save my face, I just criticized the students seriously whenever they talked in class or even moved a little. I thought sooner or later, they would listen to me. Yes, I could control the class now, but the students and the atmosphere became strange. No, they were not listening to me. It was too quiet. The breathless silence urged me to consider the way I was teaching.
Then 1 August 2003, I got the chance to study the New Course of English. Until then could I realized that it was my frozen eyes that make the students flinch, it was my stiff face that trod out the enthusiasm in the children’s hearts. How to stimulate my class and show my warmth, so that they can enjoy their study in English? I had a deep thought.
It’s smile. There is a kindness called smile. It is the most beautiful language in the world. It can make distance no distance. “Just awake the students with a smiling face!”I said to myself.
The next day, when I stood on the stage with a smiling face, when I asked the questions with a smile, when I encouraged the children in a friendly way, the students were just shocked! But I could find there was more happiness and excitement in their eyes! Gradually, - 2 -
they got used to it, and participated in my teaching. As I predicted, that class became a lovely one. I was moved, and said“Thank you for listening, boys and girls!”
In the following days, I keep on working even harder. I prepare my lessons carefully. I use Flash, pictures, riddles, and interesting stories to make great efforts to help the students to learn more. But I will never forget one thing: smile, give them a smile, to give them strength, to let them feel happy, to make them confident. The children do enjoy the English lesson now, when they tell me the answers in great excitement, I can feel their gladness, and my smile is more sincerely than ever!
There is kindness called smile. From the children’s yearning eyes, I understand, it is smile that makes my students and I get closer, it is smile that fills the kindness to my English class, it is smile that shapes me popular English teacher finally.
That’s all. Thank you very much!
联欢晚会英语演讲致词
A Speech on the Party
My fellow soldiers and students,
New Spring Festival is coming to us with no more than ten days. Before the festival comes, let me, on behalf of all the officers and soldiers present, express our sincere thanks to the teachers and students here who just gave us wonderful performance full of profound sentiments of friendship. The teachers and students from our cooperative unit: No 29 Middle School of Jilin City is together with us as our relatives. They brought us special gifts.
The students who performed today on the stage seem to be as old as our soldiers are. But your performance filled with skillful and profound sentiments of friendship touched and attracted our younger officers and soldiers. Your performance enhances the festival atmosphere at the military camp. Your performance comforts our soldiers who miss the parents and relatives. Your performance strengthens our soldiers resolve to defense our motherland and her boundaries.
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I am terribly sorry to say that we have not enough soldiers to take the seats here today. But what excites us is that the special place is full of singing and laughing and full of atmosphere of good healthy, unity, happiness. The singing and laughing shows our mutual belief and support! The friendship between us is as close as fish and water! With these entire atmosphere, singing and laughing, I believe the difficulty beaten us in managing school and in entering school will be overcome. With all these we will have the unselfish support for the army and the tradition of love of people will bring to greater height of development.
To end my speech, I would like to suggest a warm applause to the teachers and students on the stage. May the applause resemble the magnificent results of the cooperative establishment between us. May the applause bring happiness fruit of the cooperative establishment between us. At the same time may the teachers and students make greater progress in teaching and learning! And happy New Year to all of you! Thank you all! 战友们，同学们：
再有十多天就是春节了，在新春佳节即将来临之际，我们共建的单位吉林市第二十九中学的师生们以亲人的身份，带着特殊的礼品走到大家身边，让我代表在座的官兵对师生们的精彩表演所抒发出的深情厚意表示诚挚的谢意！
今天登台演出的同学们与我们战士的年龄相差无几，同学们浓厚的艺术细胞和异彩纷呈的表演震撼撞击着青年官兵，增强了军营的节日气氛，抚慰了新战士的思亲之情，坚定了广大战士戊边卫国的豪情壮志。
遗憾的是由于部队人员少致使座有虚席，令人兴奋的是整个会场却洋溢着歌声、笑声，充满了健康、团结、祥和的气氛和色彩。这笑声、这气氛、这色彩更加烘托 折射出我们彼此之间是何等地相互信任和支持，鱼水情谊是何等地深厚与浓郁！有这歌声和笑声，凭这气氛和色彩，我相信双方之间的办学困难、入学难题都将化为 乌有，随之而来的是智力拥军的无私奉献，爱民传统的发扬光大！
最后，让我们把掌声送到前台装入师生心中，让这掌声在彼此之间的心灵深处开出美丽的共建之花，结出丰硕的共建之果！同时也预祝师生教学相长，新春愉快！ 谢谢大家！
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四海之内皆兄弟
All are Brothers in the Four Seas
Long ago, I think, it might be in 1942 that Chairman Mao criticized and complained that some workmates wrote articles which were both long and dull. An English proverb goes like this; Precise is the language and clarity is wisdom. I agree with that and I have practiced that in more than 2000 public speeches in every part of the world. Today I would like to say a few words about the topic.
Above all, I would like to thank everyone here. I would like to thank every Chinese friend of mine. I would like to thank these who may read my speech but who I have no chance to make acquaintance with. I would like to thank the great and outstanding Chinese people and her leaders.
Since about 40 years, it is they who encourage me to work. It is they who encourage me not only to work, but also practice medicine. It is they who encourage me not only to practice medicine but also study life.
Today, I found I was rooted in China as I was 21 years old. 4 days ago it was my 78 years birthday. My feelings still remain as those of past.
I should say I am a very lucky woman. As for work, I am a doctor, an author, a public speaker, and a scholar of economist, social activist and politic scholar. I am a wife and a mother as well. Now I have become grandmother and great grandmother. All these have become possible because of you all, because of the great Chinese people: my friends.
Chinese revolution is a brilliant achievement which has changed the world. World changes with each passing day instead of remaining unchanging. The Chinese people have their great leaders and will continue to have their great and outstanding leaders who know quite well about what happens in the world. By the way, I would like to mention that many countries in the earth envy China her leaders who own wisdom and broad visions. Mr. Deng Xiaoping is a very distinguishable and great leader. With his guides, the Chinese people would have overcome their difficulty successfully. With his guides, the Chinese people have gained their very important positions in the very time when we face a new one in the 21 century.
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I always think that it is natural for peoples of the world to promote each other’s understanding, because I am a half-breed of Chinese and Western people, just a medium between the two cultures. Different thinking ways should not result in hatred and discrimination instead we should learn form each other and get a better understanding. I enjoy good health so I loyaly abide by the ancient Chinese philosophy and this is within the four seas all men are brothers.
很久以前，我想是19xx年吧，毛主席批评说，有些同事，作文演说，冗长无度。英国人有一句谚语：言贵简洁，智在清晰。对此，我完全同意，并在世界各地两千多次的演说中总是努力实践。因此，今天也只说几句话。
首先，要感谢大家，感谢所有的朋友，感谢所有那些我尚无缘识君但也许要阅读这篇讲稿的人们，感谢伟大的卓越的中国人民及其领导。
几乎40年来，是他们鼓励着我的工作。不但鼓励着我写作，也鼓励着我行医；不但行医，也鼓励着我研究人生。
今天，如同21岁时一样，我发现我的根在中国。4天之前，初度七十有八，感觉依然如故。
我是一个十分幸运的女性，因为我的工作，无论是作为一个医生，一个作家，一个演讲者，一个经济学、社会学和政治学者，还有作为人妻，作为人母，现在又作为祖母和曾祖母，所有这些工作之所以成为可能，那是因为有了你们，我的朋友们：伟大的中国人民。
中国革命是辉煌的业绩，因为它改变了世界。世界并非万古不变，而是日新月异。中国人民拥有伟大的领导人，而且继续拥有熟知世界重大变化的领导人。在此， 我想说一下，世界上许多国家羡慕中国，因为她的领导人富有智慧和远见。邓小平先生是一位非常伟大的人物，多亏了他的引导，中国成功地克服了困难，因而在人 类要面对崭新的21世纪时，取得了十分重要的地位。
由于我本人是中西合璧的混血儿，介乎于两种文化之间，因而一贯地认为，促进世界上各民族之间的理解，乃是十分自然的事。思考方法之歧异，不应导致仇恨和排斥，而是应该学习和努力理解。我身体力行，只是遵循中国古代哲学而已：四海之内皆兄弟也。
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全世界的通用语言
The arrival of the year 1999 has brought with a near perfect opportunity to take a look back at the last one thousand years, assess man’s successes and failures, and look forward with our predictions of the third millennium.
Already this afternoon you’ve heard many assessments and you’ve heard a variety of predictions. A variety so vast, ranging from Lewis Carol’s depiction of celebratory life, to the Irish celebration of death. So vast a variety that it’s difficult to find any common ground amongst the contestants here today. Perhaps the only thing that we all share is that we are indeed discussing millennia, the old and the new and the turn of the millennium, and we’re all discussing it in the same language.
A few hundred years ago to have held an event like this it would have been imperative that we were all fluent in a number of different tongues, for the approach of combating the language barrier was simply to learn many different languages. Of course people back then had an ulterior motive: that was to ensure that different languages held their different societies or positions, or as King Charles V of Spain put it, “ I speak Spanish to God, Italian to women, French to men and German to my horse.”
Today our approach is somewhat different. Instead of trying to vastly spread our verbal ability across the board, we’ve chosen rather to focus it, concentrating on our ability to master one particular language, the English language. Time magazine recently suggested that by the turn of the millennium, English will be the Lingua Franca for one quarter of the world’s population. Already today sixty percents of the world’s television and radio broadcasts are produced and delivered in English. Seventy percents of the world’s mail addressed in English. And it is the language of choice for almost every bite of computer data sent across the globe. But why English? There are no clear linguistic reasons for its suggested global dominance, certainly the grammar is complicated, the spelling peculiar and the pronunciation eccentric, to say the very least. One would need only look through the dictionary to find the vast list of amusing paradoxes in the English language?quicksand that works slowly, a boxing ring that is in fact square and a guinea pig that’s really neither from Guinea nor is it a pig. Doesn’t it seem odd that one can make amends but not one amend. Or - 7 -
go through the annals of history but not one annal. The reason, ladies and gentlemen, is simple. English is strange, but no where near as strange as some of our alternatives.
Perhaps I should give you a few idiomatic examples. In English we say “once in a blue moon”. The Italian choose instead “every death of a Pope”. Irish doesn’t like our “drop dead”, replacing it rather with the slightly more obscure “you should lie in the earth.” And if you wanted to tell someone off in Spanish our relatively obvious “go fly a kite” would be better served by the phrase “go fry asparagus”. English’s primary advantage is that of flexibility. On the one hand it has the largest vocabulary of all modern languages, allowing us, as its users, to say exactly what we want in exactly the words we choose to use. On the other, globalization has insured the introduction of a business English, a sort of trimmed down variety of the language we’ve all come to know and love.
It’s interesting to know that the simple list of just ten words, words like “a”, “and”, “have” and “the”, combined to form one quarter of all those ever used in modern communication. Perhaps the real test is: will the global adoption of English as a master language insure the eradication of any misunderstandings that happen today? The answer is not as simple. Russell Hoven once asked: “How many people speak the same language even when they speak the same language?” But one can only hope that our only aim and our only chance of insuring that we communicate effectively with each other is to make sure that we do speak one universal language. In a thousand years time Western clocks will hopefully have ticked onto the year 2999 and we can be assured that scientists, academics and futurists will convene, much like we’ve done today to look back at the third millenium and offer their predictions for the successes of the forth.
It’s impossible to imagine what they might say, impossible to imagine what technology they’ll have available or even which planet they’ll hold the meeting on. In fact, quite possibly the only thing we can say for sure is that they’ll be discussing the issues in one common universal language. And that will be the language of the third millennium. And that language without any doubt looks set to be English. Thank you.
全世界的通用语言--英语
主席先生，诸位评判员，女士们，先生们：
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下午好。
19xx年的到来给我们带来了一个回顾过去千年的好机会，评价人类的成与败，展望第三个千年的前景。
今天下午大家已经听到了许多评价和不同的展望。这些评价和展望是如此之多，从刘易斯-卡罗对幸福生活的描绘，到爱尔兰人的死亡庆典。这些评价和展望是如此之多，以致今天的比赛上很难发现任何相同之说。也许唯一的相同点就是我们的确在讨论千年期，新千年，旧千年以及新旧之交，而且我们都在用同一种语言对论。
几百年前，举办一次像这样的活动是十分麻烦的，我们得流利地说许多种不同的语言，因为克服语言障碍就是学习多种不同的语言。当然，那时候的人们有一个心照不宣的观念：不同的语言显示着社会地位，就如西班牙国王查尔斯五世说的：“我对上帝说西班牙语，对女人说意大利语，对男人说法语，对马儿说德语。”
今天我们的目的有些不一样。我们不用将学习精力分散于多种语言的学习上，而是集中在一种特别的语言??英语的掌握上。《时代》杂志最近说，在世纪之交，英语将会成为世界四分之一人口的通用语言。今天已经有60%的电视和广播在用英语制作和传输。70%的信件是用英语写的。英语还是全球传送的电脑资料的几乎每个字节所选择的语言。
但为什么是英语？对于它的全球化没有明确的语言学的原因。诚然它的语法是复杂的，拼写是独特的，发音是古怪的。就拿最基本的说，只要查一查字典，你就能发现一大串逗人的似非而是的隽语??quicksand反而慢腾腾，boxing ring 原来是方的，guinea pig不是来自几内亚，也不是猪。一个人可以说 “make amends”，但却不能说 “one amend”，这不是很奇怪吗？你可以翻阅一本史册，但却不能把“一本史册”说成 “one annal”。其中的原因，女士们，先生们，是很简单的，英语够奇怪的了，但是对于另外一些说法就更奇怪了。
也许我该给大家举出几个成语例子。“千载难逢”用英语我们说“once in a blue moon” 。在意大利语中则成了“every death of a Pope”。爱尔兰人不喜欢把“死亡”说成 “drop dead”，而用 “you should lie in the earth”表达得更委婉。如果你想用西班牙语指责某人“放空头支票”，那么最好是用 “go fry asparagus” ，而不是相对较直白地说 “go fly a kite”。英语最基本的优势在于它的灵活性。一方面，它有着所有现代语言中最丰富的词汇表，允许我们这些使用者能用最恰当的词汇恰如其分地表达出我们的所想。另一方面，全球化使得商业英语的介入成为必然，一种我们都将能懂得和喜爱的简 - 9 -
化语言。
有意思的是，简单的十个词，如 “a”, “and”, “have” 和“the”，组合起来就是能形成现代交际中所用的词汇的四分之一。也许真正的问题是，作为一种主要语言的英语的全球化真能消除今天的种种误解吗？答案并不是那么简单。拉塞尔·霍文曾问道：“即使是在说同一种语言，有多少人说的是相同的语言呢？”但有一点可以确定的是，确定我们相互之间能有效地沟通的唯一的目的和机会，就是我们在说同一种世界语。在一千年内，西方的时钟将滴答着走向2999年，我们也将肯定，科学家、学者和未来主义者将集合起来，就像我们今天所做的，回顾第三个一千年，并展望第四个一千年的辉煌成就。
他们将说些什么，将掌握什么样的科技，将在哪个星球上开会，是无法想象的。实际上 ，我们唯一敢肯定的事情是，他们将用一种共通的世界语讨论事务，这就是第三个一千年的语言。毫无疑问，这种语言即是英语。谢谢大家。
人生莫看穿
Never Seeing through Your Colorful Life
Our life is like a polygon rhombus. Some are happy with their success; some are unhappy with their failure. We can not be successful without the experience of failure. Why do you lose heart once you meet with failure? Why do you think you yourself will see through the vanity of life since then? A young and inexperienced fellow will be doubtful about everything he sees in the society, because he feels that what he reads from the books and what he sees in the real world seem to be two extreme different worlds. He will say everything seems hypocritical to him. Form him, "truth, good-and-honest, virtue" and "self-sacrifice for justice" and "self-sacrifice for saving another" seem hypocritical. They are all like castles in the air. For him everyone in the world seems to dress himself in a mask as flowers that will be blooming soon. When he meets with all these in the world, he cannot help himself but to sign, "I would rather live in the leisure world alone in life." But actually, when one sees the world itself, he makes great progress, which means that he is experienced and knowledgeable. However, God enables us to reform the world, "why don’t you seek for - 10 -
self-development" by "reform" the world, on the base of your experience and knowledge about the world?
"Seeing through your life," means ending your life. When you think every life is such, you will always complain and lose heart. When you act like this, you will lose your spirit, your belief and idea. On the contrary, all those who seek and struggle with their firm belief will say with smiles "How happy we are!" even though life may be cruel and hard on them.
现实生活是多棱的，有成功的喜悦，也有失败的痛苦。经不起败阵的考验，无以做成功的主人，一时一度的失意，何以从此悲观失望，自以为看破红尘呢？
一个初出茅庐的青年，他会怀疑社会上的一切，因为他感到现实与书本近乎两个极端。一切都是那么虚伪，什么"真、善、美"，什么"舍身取义"、"仗义救人 "，都是空中楼阁似的虚无缥缈。人人都戴着面具，好像要把自己装扮成含苞欲放的花朵似的。于是不禁叹道：还是一生一世生活在那个虚幻的世界里好。事实上， 认识了世界的真面目本身就是一大进步，这比那些只会称赞"七彩人生"的人有见识多了。然而，上帝赋予我们"改造"世界的权力，为什么不在体验、认识周围世 界的基础上，通过"改造"世界，寻求"自身的发展"呢？......
"看穿人生"也等于生命的结束，因为一旦你自以为人生莫不如此，就会怨声载道，垂头丧气，也就丧失了人类的灵魂──信念与理想。相反，那些怀有坚定不移的信念和追求的人，即便人生对他苛刻得近乎残酷，他也会微笑着说："我仍然是一个无比幸福的人"。
我是一名英语教师
I am new in the teaching world. Many excellent educators have each taught me something and shown me how to look at education as a wonderful and life changing experience. Today I just want to present my own understanding towards teaching from the following three aspects.
First, teaching makes learning as a life long process possible.
Learning is a life long process. It is something you never stop doing. People learn differently and at different rates. You learn many new things everyday. To install a love of learning and the desire to always want to learn new things is a necessary job for a teacher to - 11 -
do. It is very important to show the children your goals as a life long learner. We need make every student realize the importance of learning.
Second, teaching needs effective methods to make it successful.
Sela Cont, a third grade student from America identified a teacher like this: What is a good teacher? I think a teacher should be good at explaining things. A teacher should be fun but challenging. A good teacher should be organized. I like a teacher who teaches fun activities in class and not just writing on paper.
From this we may be aware that if a child does not feel safe and secure in the classroom he will not be learning to the best of their potential. And this required us to bring out the best in a child, to make learning a fun and exciting experience. Learning should be something the students want to actively participate in. If a teacher makes the learning experience exciting, then the students will be excited along with you. The way of teaching is not unique for a professional. Various teaching methods are wanted. And there will be a wonderful opportunity to learn and grow from each other. The environment surrounding the children is a primary factor in leading them toward their full, creative potential.
Once you have taken a class idea, smoothed out all the bumps, and proven it is a winner, you will find new ways and places with eager new students waiting for you to show up. Teaching is supposed to be the system that removes barriers and provides a solid base for achievement. It is wrong to replace one set of barriers with another. For example, pressuring students to accept the status quo, by establishing a fear to be different and a fear of failure, kill creativity. Independent thinking should replace dependency. In some cases, pressure to excel in academics kills ethics, loyalty and motivation, skills needed for success in the real world. So the more useful teaching methods there are in a class, the more effective the teaching is.
Third, teaching can be a wonderful occupation that can contribute to your growth as well as to the growth of your students.
As a theorist pointed out, Assertive discipline being used in the classroom is helpful. It is believed that children have the right to learn and no child should be taken that right away from them. It focused on the rights of the teacher and the students. The students know what is expected of them and the consequences if they do not follow the rules. As a teacher my - 12 -
purpose is to give students the tools needed to get them through life. When a student comes into my classroom they come in with a clean slate. And on the other side, the teacher will face the exciting changes and challenges. If she wants to offer many new things to the class, she must renew her own knowledge. In fact we are both learning, learning from each other. Just as a coin has two sides, when we are teaching our students, we are at the same time learning something from them. “If there is anything we wish to change in a child, we should first examine it and see whether it is not something that could be better changed in ourselves.”
我们只是自然大家庭中普通的一员
Honorable judges, ladies and gentlemen. Today，we are gathering here to discuss a very hot issue. how to find harmony in a new age between man and nature? Where modern science and technology are concerned I am only a layman I have to say. However, living in this "new age" , seeing my dear ones suffering from respiratory diseases from time to time, finding the beautiful colors of green and blue are being replaced by that of gray and pale, and realizing that our mother planet is getting more and more unhealthy; I can’t help trying to offer my idea and my trivial efforts to look for the answer of the question.
As the ancient Greek oracle goes: know thyself. I think in answering this above-mentioned question, this precondition is also very important.
Who are we? This is a question, which should be answered not only by those specialists, but also by every one of human beings.
Some people may proudly say: we are the masters of nature. It is true that the idea of "man can conquer nature" has dominated people’s mind for years, and it is true, man has kept acting like a master and doing whatever things he wants for thousands of years. However, as the consequence of this kind of "leadership" , now the "master" seems to be confronted with problems that are far beyond his control. Facts are really very ample. The green house effect leaves islands and cities along the coast, such as this oriental pearl-Shanghai, in danger of the disaster of being drowned; the holes of the ozone layer - 13 -
make the earth less suitable to live for some creatures including human beings; the phenomena of EL Nino and La Nina leave the land with serious flood and drought, and the diseases, caused by pollution, are increasing at an incredible speed... Seeing all these facts, can we still ignore the counterattack of nature? We are not the masters of nature. Facing all the disasters made by ourselves, we, mankind as a whole should realize that we are just a normal member of the big family of nature. Any mistreatment towards nature will meet only with the revenge from her.
By saying so, I do not mean we should give a sudden stop to any development. Because that will result in a threat to the existence of human society. I mean we should treat nature equally, leaving the chance of existence and development to nature as we are obtaining the same thing, and thus we will get the situation of win-win.
I am very pleased to find that now more and more people, from every corner of the planet, have come to realize that harmony with nature is the only way to universal and continuous progress and prosperity. And I think that is why we come here from all over the country to discuss this topic today.
I want to end my speech by quoting from Mr. Nixon. "Our destiny offers, not the cup of despair, but the chalice of opportunity." The future is not ours to see of course. However, by seizing firmly the opportunities, by knowing clearly about ourselves, we, human beings, can doubtlessly achieve the real harmony with nature!
Thank you.
我们只是自然大家庭中普通的一员
尊敬的评委，女士们、先生们。今天我们聚在一起讨论一个热门的话题:如何在新时代找到人与自然的和谐?谈到科学技术，我必须承认，我是个门外汉。但是，生活在这个“新时代”，看着自己亲爱的人时刻遭受呼吸疾病的折磨，看着美丽的蓝色和绿色被灰色和苍白所代替，意识到我们的地球母亲正越来越不健康，我忍不住要提出自己的主张，奉献微薄的力量，去寻找这一问题的答案。
古希腊有这样一个神谕:了解自己。我想在回答上述的问题时，这一先决条件是很重 - 14 -
要的。
我们是谁?这是一个间题，不仅应由专家来回答，而且应该由每一个人来回答。 也许有人会自豪地说:我们是自然的主人。许多年来，“人定胜天”这一观念已在许多人心中根深蒂固，这是事实。长期以来，人类以主人的姿态随心所欲、为所欲为，这也是事实。不过，这种“主导”的后果是，今天所谓的“主人”面临着自己无法控制的问题。证据是充足的。温室效应使岛屿和沿海城市，比如上海这颗东方明珠等，处于被海水侵吞的灾难危机之中;臭氧层的空洞使得地球不再适宜于居住，对其他动物如此，对人类也一样;厄尔尼诺现象和拉尼那现象使地球早涝成灾;污染所导致的疾病正以惊人的速度传播着??看到这些现象，我们还能无视这自然的反击吗?我们不是自然的主人。面对着自己造成的灾难，我们，整个人类，应该意识到我们只是自然大家族中普通的一员。任何对自然的虐待只能遭到来自自然的报复。
我这样说，并不是指我们应该马上停止发展。因为这会导致对人类社会生存的威胁。我指的是我们应该平等地对待自然，给自然以生存和发展的机会，就像我们自身所寻求的一样。只有这样，我们才会有一个皆大欢喜的境况。
我很高兴地发现来自地球各个地方的越来越多的人，正逐步意识到与自然的和谐是不断繁荣进步的出路。这就是今天我们从全国吝地汇集在此讨论这一话题的原因。 我想引用尼克松先生的话来结束我的发言:“我们的命运给予的不是失望之杯，是机遇之博。”当然，未来不是我们能够预测的。不过，紧紧抓住机遇，清楚地了解自己，我们人类，就一定能达成与自然的和楷，谢谢。
英语职业是我最佳的选择
On January 13, Jin Weijie, a teacher from Longhua Chinese-English Experimental School in Baoan rushed to save four primary school students and sacrifice herself.
On March 31, a traffic accident happened in Jiangsu Province, once again, a primary school teacher, Yin Xuemei, saved six primary school students’ lives, while losing her own. This touched my heart deeply. Who is the greatest? The teacher! If it was me, if I happened to be there, I would do the same thing, because I am a teacher, too.
Working as a teacher, maybe there is nothing special in their life. But we have a belief deep within, that is --we must protect our students, keep our children safe, we won’t let any of them get hurt. Just as what the commissioner of education in Jiangsu Province said: “The accident happened so quickly, it happened in a flick of an eye, there is no time to think about - 15 -
it or hesitate, saving the others is an instinctive action. She did it only because she was of great stature. She forgot about herself in the heat of the moment. ”
There is no doubt, teachers are worth all respect! Teachers are selfless! They impart knowledge to the students, they offer ways and skills of learning to their students, and they offer their lives with no hesitancy when necessary! So I am proud of being a teacher. I like students, teaching will be my life-time career.
Choosing the right career is very important, most of us spend a great part of our lives doing jobs. Some of us have become very successful. Mainly because they have chosen appropriate careers which match their talents and stimulate their interests . I prefer teaching English. English is my favorite. In my opinion, teaching English is more wonderful than any other subject.
There are thousands of different languages in the world. Which language is the most important? As we know, English is an international language, and it could be used all over the world. English is becoming more and more important and popular in China. We adults learn English, school students learn English, even the babies in the kindergarten learn English. It’s a necessary language if you want to go abroad, It’s an essential quality for the researchers to get the latest information in the world quickly. In an age of fast communication, if we want to learn about the outside world, English is definitely the language we should know.
Let’s take a look at a practical viewpoint, if you’re looking for a job that can provide you a good position and a high salary, understanding English often makes it much easier. It can’t be denied that English is very important if you want to make a good living. English is a very important language no matter what you do or where you go, Millions of people would like to master English, but it’s not a piece of cake.
So being an English teacher is good. I am fortunate that I can express my opinions in English. So I am lucky I can teach English.
Furthermore, Being an English teacher, I am very content. I am so grateful to have a life that is filled with teenagers’ trust and love. When my students answer my questions correctly, when they discuss passionately, when they communicate with foreigners fluently, when I see the slowest in thought make progress, I know I have done a great job. Nothing can replace my pleasure.
- 16 -
So being an English teacher, I have got fantastic pleasure. It is English that makes my life wonderful. It is English that makes me feel confident. It is English that makes me different If there is another chance for me to choose my occupation, I won’t choose anything except being an English teacher.
I enjoy my job, and I love my life.
一个获奖者的英语学习之路
After I came back from the “21st century-Ericsson cup”7th national English Speaking competition with the award of the “Most Promising Speaker”, people kept asking me the same question over and over again. “How did you learn English, especially as a Non-English major?” Actually I believe that a hundred people would have a hundred of ways to learn English well. However, I would like to share my personal experience of English learning with those who have the enthusiasm for improve their English. Since I have set up three mirrors in my prepared speech in hoping that they would guide our young generation on the way to globalization, I would like to maintain three mirrors here to reflect how I learned English. The first mirror, I assume, should reflect a steady foundation. This involves my first few years of English learning, which I consider as the key factor of all my achievements in the years to follow. At that time I entered the middle school attached to Xi’an Jiaoton University, I could only say my ABCs while others in my class could at least communicate in simple English. All the tales about the frightfulness of learning English then popped up in my mind and made me feel scared. Fortunately my first English teacher was very experienced in enlightening her students on English learning. She was a kind woman with a charming smile. But her homework assignments were not easy task: They required us to read after the tape for 20 times and recite the whole text. So it was quite natural that most of my classmates only recited the short essay within a short time and then went to play. But my fear of not being able to say a single word, made me sit down and immerse myself in what the teacher had asked me to do.
- 17 -
Before every English class we would have an on duty report to let the students say something according to what they had learned .My first presentation in class was to recite a dialogue. But to my great surprise, my teacher praised me for my pronunciation. I tittered because I had imitated the readers in the tape for at least 20 times until finally I couldn’t find any differences between our pronunciations. And I did not realize that this little prize given by my teacher began to influence my English learning magically.
I believe the first three years of English learning guaranteed the possibility of my further achievements because by means of imitation I built a foundation of good pronunciation and by means of reciting I restored the basic element of English language. On the whole, I would like to show my sincere thanks to my first English teachers. Yu Zhiling, who is now still caring for my growth.
The second mirror I would like to mention here reflects an effective way of English learning. I still stick to my point of view that different people have different techniques to learn English well. But there are some methods that seem to be obviously ineffective.
Let’s first have a look at the four important skills for students to master: reading, writing, listening and speaking. I have placed them in order of difficulty.
Reading is the easiest skill. It is also the most widely found English language skill amongst Chinese student, Writing is a more active skill than reading. However it is still a little easier than speaking, as there is plenty of time to choose the right words look in the dictionary for help, and make corrections. Listening is the third most important language skill to learn. It is far more difficult to listen and understand spoken English than to read English in a book or in a letter. Speaking English may be the most difficult of the four language skills. It is an active skill, and requires the student to put words together into sentences without much time to prepare, and with no time for correction, yet it is the most exciting skill to have, as it opens up wonderful channels of communication with people of others cultures and countries. But this is just what we lack.
More often than not I found some of the students who get high marks in their exams showed an inability to communicate with people in English. And this enabled me to understand deeper what my first English teacher has always emphasized: listening and speaking keeping ahead; reading and writing following up. I believe this is the rule of learning - 18 -
a language because we learn a certain language to communicate. As we conquered the most difficult parts: listening and speaking, we would easily master the writing and reading skills. Then how can we make it? I have seen lots of diligent students in the early morning reading aloud their English texts without paying any attention to their nearly unacceptable pronunciation. I feel sorry for those students because their hard work deserves a much better English level if they improve their method of learning.
I found that my way of learning English that I formed from middle school still works today. By listening to tapes and imitating the speakers one can improve his pronunciation within a short time. By reciting classic essays one can enrich their language as well as enlarge their vocabulary. As a non-English major, I like to set aside a certain period of time for English learning everyday, usually an hour or at least half an hour. I utilize this precious time by listening to tapes and imitating their content and then reciting the short passages I like. To be frank, “Crazy English” has always been my favorite. This is definitely not intended to flatter. Instead of dividing my attention between too many materials, I’d rather concentrate on one particular resource at a time such as CE, not only because of its abundant content and native English, but also because of the benefits it has brought to me through intensive reading, listening and reciting, I believe that studying English by using these intensive methods will help you to get twice the result with half the effort.
Last but not least, the third mirror reflects the interest in English learning. Confucius once said, “Knowing it is not as delighting in it.” Nowhere is this more true than on the matter of English learning. My experience in English learning initiated quite passively, but before long my interest in it began to inspire me to continue the process. To testify my English skills and to stir up even greater enthusiasm, I used to participate in various kinds of competitions. When I was preparing for a nation-wide English competition in high school, I got to know the “21st Century Cup” English speaking competition for the first time as I used their scripts as my preparing materials. I envied those contestants in the “21st Century Cup” very much. Their English skills and their quick response made me feel swooning. Although I did not get a good rank in the nation wide competition for high school students, I had begun my wildest dream of participating in the 21st Century Cup. Even after I became an engineering student I still held onto my dream, that it would come true some day. Because I - 19 -
can always find something new to challenge me, and set up those challenges as my goals to achieve, I never find English learning a dull job. I believe I will forever cherish the glorious moment when I was on the stage of the “21st Century-Ericsson Cup” 7th national English speaking competition, and my wonderful memories there without any doubt will add passion to my English learning in the days to come.
Since the theme of this year’s competition was “globalization”, we have enjoyed various visions from contestants on thinking of what we young people should do to meet the challenges and the opportunities posed by globalization. But there’s one thing for sure: good English and communication skills are the gateway to the world arena. I hope some of man and woman in China who have conquered English to hold hands together to build up the bridge between China and the rest of the world with the world’s most widely used language。
打好环保比赛 创建绿色北京
Although the 2008 Olympics are still three years away, another special competition has already started in Beijing. This time, the competitors are not the athletes from all over the world, but the people living in Beijing. The special competition is not held in a stadium, but in every street and every corner of Beijing. I suppose some of you may have already guessed what the special competition is. Yes, it is the competition of protecting our environment and creating a green Beijing for the 2008 Olympic Games.
Someone may ask who is our rival in this competition? The modern Los Angeles, the charming Sydney, or the historic Athens? No, none of them. The real rival is ourselves. It is our bad habits of neglecting to protect environment in our daily life.
Several years ago, I was very lucky to have an opportunity to live in the United States for about two years. I not only enjoyed the beautiful environment there, but also appreciated the American people’s active way of protecting their environment. Now, whenever the environment protection is mentioned, a beautiful view of California will arise in my mind: white clouds flying across the blue sky, green grassplot sprinkled with colorful flowers and small animals playing happily among the trees.
- 20 -
I remember that at the beginning of my coming to America, I often went to my father’s working place, the United States Geological Survey, to have fun. Each time I found a lot of people riding bicycles to their offices. Among the cyclists, an old man with white hair attracted my attention. Curiously, I asked my father," Why does the old man ride his bike to work every day? Doesn’t he have enough money to buy a car?" Father laughed, "No, not because of money. Actually, he is one of the greatest scientists in the world. He can afford to buy a motorcade if he likes. He is just an environmentalist and usually doesn’t drive unless going shopping, or in bad weather. In America, there are a lot of environmentalists, who actively protect their environment. For example, in Palo Alto city we are living now, there is even a bicycle-to-work day on May 19th every year to encourage people to decrease air pollution caused by cars".
Later, I also learnt another interesting fact of environment protection there. In some states of America, in order to decrease air pollution, save energy and reduce traffic jams, state governments encourage people to take buses to work or to share a car among several people. They even set special "diamond lanes" in some main streets, which are only for the vehicles with 2 or more people.
The positive actions of American people and the effective measures the American government takes in environment protection fully won my respects and deeply affected my consciousness in environment protection.
When I was back in China, people often asked me: " What do you think of America?" I always bolt out:" Wonderful, especially the beautiful environment." Frankly speaking, after several years, the faces of my American teachers and friends have gradually faded away from my mind, but the blue sky, green grass and lovely animals in California often arise in my mind, and became my dream of visiting there again.
The 2008 Olympics provide us with the opportunity to publicize and practise environment protection in Beijing. Is it possible for Beijing to Is it possible for Beijing to become as beautiful as California? The answer is "yes", but the dream needs every Beijing citizen’s full support and active moves to accomplish.
From now on, if every student who is driven to school can take bus or ride bicycle to school once a week, if every car owner goes to work in a car pool once a week, we can make - 21 -
a difference. If everyone can actively protect the environment in our daily life, the blue sky, green grass and lovely animals in California will appear in Beijing.
Tiny streams can combine into a vast ocean, small trees can together be an immense forest. Beijing is often described as a beautiful and aged picture. If every Beijing citizen adds a trait of green on the picture, the whole Beijing will become an ocean of green. Let us unite together to win the competition of environment protection in Beijing, and present the world a big gold medal. That is "Green Beijing, Great Olympics "
打好环保比赛、创建绿色北京
尽管2008北京奥运会离我们还有3年之遥，但有一项规模宏大的特殊比赛已经拉开了序幕。这场比赛的参加者并非来自世界各国的体育选手，而是身处北京的每一位公民，比赛的场所就是我们身边的街区小巷。我想大家已经想到了我所说的这项特殊比赛，这就是"创建绿色北京、保护美好环境"。那么在这场环保大赛中，我们究竟要与谁一比高低？是繁华现代的洛杉矶、风光迷人的悉尼、还是古老神奇的雅典？都不是！比赛的对手就是我们自己，就是我们自身淡漠的环保意识。
几年前有幸在美国加州度过的一段时光，既让我享受了那里宜人的环境，更让我领略了当地人民高度的环保意识。每当说到城市环保，我的眼前总会浮现出加州那蔚蓝的天空、明媚的阳光、碧绿的草地以及嬉戏在树枝间的松鼠、彩蝶和百灵鸟。
记得刚到美国时，常去爸爸工作的美国地质调查局玩耍，每次均能看到许多人骑自行车上下班，而其中一位满头白发的骑车老人，引起了我的好奇。我问爸爸，"那个爷爷为什么总骑车上班，是不是没钱买车？"爸爸笑道："没钱买车？嘿，说出来吓死你，他可是世界上顶级的大科学家。要论钱，他可以买一个车队呢。" "那他咋不买车呢？骑车多累呀！" "他有车，但平时除非下雨或购物，一般不去开。在美国有许多人都是环保主义者，为了节约能源和减少汽车尾气对大气的污染，他们用实际行动倡导人们尽量少开车。而我们所居住的这座美国城市，还特别将每年的5月19日定成了’骑车上班日’，以支持和宣传这种有效的环保行为。
后来，我还在经常的搭车出行中获知了他们的另一件环保趣事：在美国的许多州，政府为了鼓励大家多坐公交车或几人合用一辆车，以节省能源和缓解交通压力，在城市 - 22 -
内一些主干道路上开辟有专门的’钻石车道’，只有乘坐了二人或二人以上的车辆才从此通过。美国人民这种自觉的环保意识和政府有效的环保措施使我从内心对他们充满了敬佩。并深刻地影响了我的环保理念。
回国后，常常有人问我："美国好吗？"我总会脱口而出："确实好！最好的是环境。"说句真心话，回国三、四年，美国那边同学和老师的面孔已经逐渐模糊，但加州那宜人的自然环境，却每每清晰地浮现在我的眼前，成为我最深的记忆和期盼故地重游的缘由，也成了我心目中北京环境的蓝图。2008奥运会为我们倡导和实施北京的环保提供了契机，北京能否有朝一日也拥有象加州那样美丽的环境？答案是肯定的。但需要我们以真正的环保之心和切实的环保行动去一步一步地实现。
从现在开始，如果每一位有车的朋友一星期可以少开一、两次车，每个让家长用车接送的同学一周能主动让家长少接送一两趟而改乘公车或骑自行车，我们就会有拥有更多的蓝天??。只要我们每一位北京市民都能够自觉的从身边的环保小事做起，加州的蓝天、白云和绿草地就会在北京安家，美国的松鼠、彩蝶和百灵鸟就会来北京落户。 涓涓细流可以汇成滔滔江海，片片绿叶能够造就莽莽森林。只要我们每一位北京市民都拿起手中的环保之笔，在我们所处的街头巷尾，为北京这幅美丽而古老的画卷添上自己的一抹绿色，就能使北京掩映在绿色的海洋中。让我们一起行动起来，用我们集体的力量来打赢这场环保之赛，向全世界展现一块最大的金牌，这就是"绿色北京、精彩奥运"。
什么是真正的美?
It is human nature that all of us should be fond of beauty. Everybody was born with a heart for beauty.
Today in China,with the rising of our living standard, people’s requirement of beauty has been heightened accordingly. Some people spare no money or energy on beautiful clothes, fashionable hair styles,the decoration of their houses and even the improvement of their looks. But it seems to me,all these are more or less confined to the beauty in appearance,or rather,the outward beauty.
In my opinion,we shouldn’t only pay attention to beautiful appearance and neglect the - 23 -
beautification of the mind and what we are after should be the perfect unity of the outward beauty and the inner beauty. As we all know,so far as objects and animals are concerned,there is only beautiful appearance to be mentioned, but to us humanbeings, although the outward beauty really matters, the inner beauty is much more important. This was confirmed by a famous Russian writer in words much like this: "A person is not lovely for being beautiful but beautiful for being lovely. "
Here, I’d like to quote two typical instances and I’m sure, my dear friends,from them you’ll find out what real beauty is.
Recently I learned from the radio an unpleasant incident about a well known singer. She is very charming with a sweet beautiful voice and very famous for singing the song."Devotion of Love". Not long ago,she was invited to Zhejiang Province to give performance. The moment she was to appear on the stage,she suddenly asked for more reward. Worse still,after her request was satisfied, she didn’t begin to sing at once. Instead,she took her time to count all the money piece by piece. Thus she kept the audience waiting for half an hour. So when she at last showed up and started to sing "Devotion of Love",a man rose up from his seat and shouted at her,"You don’t have any devotion of love. You are not qualified to sing this song ! "Hearing this, the singer stopped singing and began to shout abuses with her finger pointed at the man. At this time the whole audience burst into an uproar.
How disappointed her keen listeners were when they learned this! It is the singer herself who spoiled her beautiful image in the eyes of others.
Now, I’m coming to another true story. It’s about a poor, ordinary looking old woman. She was a widow without any children, living barely from hand to mouth by picking odds and ends from rubbish heaps. However,she took in more than ten homeless orphans successively and managed to bring them up. Every day she labored from morning till night. In order to earn as much money as possible to raise the children and to keep them in school,she even went to a hospital regularly to sell her blood. She got so weak for the loss of blood that she sometimes fell in a faint on her way home.
When asked why she chose to burden herself with so many children,she smiled and simply answered,"Oh,I love children and I like to have their company. "
Though the old woman was poor materially, she was full of affection and rich in spirit. - 24 -
She was loved dearly by her children. She was also highly appreciated by the local government, and truly respected by people in her community.
Maybe you can’t help wondering, "What makes that ordinary woman so extraordinary?" It is nothing else but her inner beauty, her true devotion of love without any thought of rewarding. What a sharp contrast there is between the great woman and the selfish singer.
So,to answer the question "What is real beauty?", I declare definitely,it is the beauty lying in one’s heart of hearts and embodied in his actions and deeds,that is,the inner heauty!
毕业演讲稿
I am honored to address you tonight. On behalf of the graduating masters and doctoral students of Washington University’s School of Engineering and Applied Science, I would like to thank all the parents, spouses, families, and friends who encouraged and supported us as we worked towards our graduate degrees. I would especially like to thank my own family, eight members of which are in the audience today. I would also like to thank all of the department secretaries and other engineering school staff members who always seemed to be there when confused graduate students needed help. And finally I would like to thank the Washington University faculty members who served as our instructors, mentors, and friends. As I think back on the seven-and-a-half years I spent at Washington University, my mind is filled with memories, happy, sad, frustrating, and even humorous.
Tonight I would like to share with you some of the memories that I take with me as I leave Washington University.
I take with me the memory of my office on the fourth floor of Lopata Hall - the room at the end of the hallway that was too hot in summer, too cold in winter, and always too far away from the women’s restroom. The window was my office’s best feature. Were it not for the physics building across the way, it would have afforded me a clear view of the arch. But instead I got a view of the roof of the physics building. I also had a view of one corner of the roof of Urbauer Hall, which seemed to be a favorite perch for various species of birds who - 25 -
alternately won perching rights for several weeks at a time. And I had a nice view of the physics courtyard, noteworthy as a good place for watching people run their dogs. It’s amazing how fascinating these views became the longer I worked on my dissertation. But my favorite view was of a nearby oak tree. From my fourth-floor vantage point I had a rather intimate view of the tree and the various birds and squirrels that inhabit it. Occasionally a bird would land on my window sill, which usually had the effect of startling both of us.
I take with me the memory of two young professors who passed away while I was a graduate student. Anne Johnstone, the only female professor from whom I took a course in the engineering school, and Bob Durr, a political science professor and a member of my dissertation committee, both lost brave battles with cancer. I remember them fondly.
I take with me the memory of failing the first exam in one of the first engineering courses I took as an undergraduate. I remember thinking the course was just too hard for me and that I would never be able to pass it. So I went to talk to the professor, ready to drop the class. And he told me not to give up, he told me I could succeed in his class. For reasons that seemed completely ludicrous at the time, he said he had faith in me. And after that my grades in the class slowly improved, and I ended the semester with an A on the final exam. I remember how motivational it was to know that someone believed in me.
I take with me memories of the midwestern friendliness that so surprised me when I arrived in St. Louis 8 years ago. Since moving to New Jersey, I am sad to say, nobody has asked me where I went to high school.
I take with me the memory of the short-lived computer science graduate student social committee lunches. The idea was that groups of CS grad students were supposed to take turns cooking a monthly lunch. But after one grad student prepared a pot of chicken that poisoned almost the entire CS grad student population and one unlucky faculty member in one fell swoop, there wasn’t much enthusiasm for having more lunches.
I take with me the memory of a more successful graduate student effort, the establishment of the Association of Graduate Engineering Students, known as AGES. Started by a handful of engineering graduate students because we needed a way to elect representatives to a campus-wide graduate student government, AGES soon grew into an organization that now sponsors a wide variety of activities and has been instrumental in - 26 -
addressing a number of engineering graduate student concerns.
I take with me the memory of an Engineering and Policy department that once had flourishing programs for full-time undergraduate, masters, and doctoral students.
I take with me memories of the 1992 U.S. Presidential debate. Eager to get involved in all the excitement I volunteered to help wherever needed. I remember spending several days in the makeshift debate HQ giving out-of-town reporters directions to the athletic complex. I remember being thrilled to get assigned the job of collecting film from the photographers in the debate hall during the debate. And I remember the disappointment of drawing the shortest straw among the student volunteers and being the one who had to take the film out of the debate hall and down to the dark room five minutes into the debate - with no chance to re-enter the debate hall after I left.
I take with me memories of university holidays which never seemed to apply to graduate students. I remember spending many a fall break and President’s Day holiday with my fellow grad students in all day meetings brought to us by the computer science department.
I take with me memories of exams that seemed designed more to test endurance and perseverance than mastery of the subject matter. I managed to escape taking any classes that featured infamous 24-hour-take-home exams, but remember the suffering of my less fortunate colleagues. And what doctoral student could forget the pain and suffering one must endure to survive the qualifying exams?
I take with me the memory of the seven-minute rule, which always seemed to be an acceptable excuse for being ten minutes late for anything on campus, but which doesn’t seem to apply anywhere else I go.
I take with me the memory of Friday afternoon ACM happy hours, known not for kegs of beer, but rather bowls of rainbow sherbet punch. Over the several years that I attended these happy hours they enjoyed varying degrees of popularity, often proportional to the quality and quantity of the accompanying refreshments - but there was always the rainbow sherbert punch.
I take with me memories of purple parking permits, the West Campus shuttle, checking my pendaflex, over-due library books, trying to print from cec, lunches on Delmar, friends - 27 -
who slept in their offices, miniature golf in Lopata Hall, The Greenway Talk, division III basketball, and trying to convince Dean Russel that yet another engineering school rule should be changed.
Finally, I would like to conclude, not with a memory, but with some advice. What would a graduation speech be without a little advice, right? Anyway, this advice comes in the form of a verse delivered to the 1977 graduating class of Lake Forest College by Theodore Seuss Geisel, better known to the world as Dr. Seuss - Here’s how it goes:
My uncle ordered popovers from the restaurant’s bill of fare.
And when they were served,he regarded them with a penetrating stare . . . Then he spoke great Words of Wisdom as he sat there on that chair: "To eat these things," said my uncle, "you must excercise great care. You may swallow down what’s solid . . . BUT . . . you must spit out the air!"And . . . as you partake of the world’s bill of fare, that’s darned good advice to follow. Do a lot of spitting out the hot air. And be careful what you swallow. Thank you.
珍爱生命之水
Cherish the water
My dear Teachers，fellow students and friends：
Good afternoon．
As we all know, the earth is a planet almost covered by water，and it is water made every thing on the earth lively．Water is also one of the important part of our environment．Though，is there really so much water for us to clean，to produce many things，to play with? how much water are there on the earth then?
Most of the water is in the oceans or locked away as ice．The largest volumes of fresh water are stored underground as groundwater，imagine there is only one barrel of water in the world，then there is only a spoon of it on the land，and the water we can use is only a drop of it．Now I have to remind all of you here that the single drop of water is never as Clean as before，it has been polluted severely by our human beings．
- 28 -
There is a very beautiful river in Paris．It is the Seine，it runs across the City，people drink coffee, chat on the bank in the day，at night，they enjoy the beautiful scenery in the boat，songs from the river fly into the Sky made the river more attractive, the Seine is a famous symbol of France；on the west coast of pacific ocean there lies the modern City Shanghai，another river which used to be a very important transportation route runs through the center of the city，people respected and regard it as"mother"．It is the"suzhou river，but l believe that few of you would sit beside it，people will be scattered by the terrible smell of water when walk by．I have to say it is extremely dirty! And we all know that a lot of beautiful rivers in the world also are Sharing the same fate with suzhou river． Who is the devil? I can’t help asking．
Many human activities and their by-products have the potential to pollute water. Please have a look along the banks of the river, large and small industrial enterprises discharge dirty water, tons of garbage were thrown into the river, the water contained so much that it can’t clean itself. Compared with the dramatic development in many sides of Shanghai, the suzhou river has become a black point of the appearance of city.
Fortunately, the government has control the situation now, we are happy to see some parts of the river has become clean again, and we even can find fish sometime.
The unique earth is the only planet full of lives, the water is just like the blood in the active body, protecting water is saving ourselves. Not to waste a single drop of water, otherwise, the only drop of water we could keep in the future would be our tear!
My dear friends, mankind still faces a great difficulty in solving the problems of the environment and development, and there is a grand task to perform and along way to go. The middle school students in China will always cooperate with the young people of the world to protect the environment.
The future is ours to build!
Thanks for listening.
我最喜爱的明星
- 29 -
As everyone knows, it is Jay that I am the most favorite! I mention more than once , I believe all classmates know now . Why do I like him ? Why am I fascinated for him? In fact the reason is very simple, his music makes me move!
I remember listening to his song for the first time, It is the summer vacation of grade one at the Junior middle school . I have bought a tape of his, write the homework while listening to every night. Like this, day after day. Slowly, I find his music really very good, really have appeal very much! His Pop has a kind of characteristic that can not say, the person of he has a kind of glamour that can not say too!
In this way, I come to like the music of him and him!
The fact proves I am correct, Jay is red all over China, red all over Asia. See more and more persons like him , appreciate him , I am really very glad !
I remember meeting him for the first time , my tears flow without end, I am too excited! It’s a great pity , I can’t get his Signature !
I not only like to Jay. More and grateful feeling. It is he that lets me understand the glamour of Pop, It is he that leads me to come into Holy Land of the music ！This is Jay in my heart! I like most!
Thank you!
各位同学，你们好。
我很高兴今天可以站在这里，我的英语并不是很好，但是我还是参加了这个演讲，原因是这个题目很吸引我??我最喜爱的明星！
众所周知，我最喜爱的就是Jay！我不止一次两次的提到，我相信现在全班同学都知道。为什么我那么喜爱他呢？为什么我就那么为他着迷呢？其实原因很简单，他的音乐令我感动！
记得第一次听他的歌是在初一的暑假，他正好出了第三张专集。我买了一合磁带，每天晚上边听边写作业。就这样，一天又一天。慢慢的，我发现他的音乐真的很棒，真的很有感染力！他的Pop有一种说不出的特色，他的人也有一种说不出的魅力！ 就这样，我爱上了他，和他的音乐！
事实证明我是正确的，Jay红遍了中国，红遍了亚洲。看到越来越多的人喜爱他、欣赏他，我真的是非常高兴！
记得第一次与他见面，我泪流不止，我太激动了！很可惜，我没要到他的亲笔签名， - 30 -
真的是很遗憾??
我对Jay有的不仅是喜爱，更多的还是感激。是他让我领会到了Pop的魅力，是他带着我走进了音乐的圣地。
这就是我心中的Jay！我的最爱！
谢谢大家.
绿色奥运，你我同行
Improving Beijing’s environment for the Olympics
Ladies and gentlemen:
Good morning! Today, the title of my speech is Improving Beijing’s environment for the Olympics. Have you ever seen animals cry? Do you know what makes them cry? It’s the polluted world, a dirty world, caused by our irresponsible behaviors, that makes those lovely animals cry. Many of us are smart enough to know how terrible it is to have a world without animals and plants. But some people still persist in making the same errors and harming the environment.
What’s worse is that people are eating wild animals. Those people don’t know, and more importantly, they don’t want to know. This kind of behavior has caused some specific problems. For example, medical experts have suggested that eating wild animals helped spread the terrible disease SARS. Now, our world is no longer clean and beautiful. Why? Because air, water, and noise pollution has become more and more serious. Noise pollution makes us talk more loudly and become angry more easily. Water pollution makes our rivers and lakes very dirty. Air pollution is the most serious kind of pollution. Both air pollution and water pollution are not only dangerous to our health, but also dangerous to animals and plants. We’re destroying our only world. A large number of trees have been cut down, so a lot of lands have been turned into deserts. Pollution can be seen everywhere! Unquestionably it is essential that we clean up our environment. Sadly, we’ve not always appreciated the importance of protecting the environment. On the streets, you can see cars producing smog. In the bathrooms, you can see students leaving the water tap on after using them. Not only the young people, but also the elderly ones throw things everywhere without thinking it’s wrong, even in a beautiful park. These things are taking place every day, - 31 -
even in modern cities like Beijing. We can’t do that any more. We must learn how to protect the environment. If everyone is aware of protecting it instead of destroying it, the world can become cleaner, more beautiful, and more peaceful. The theme of Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is "New Peking, New Olympic". It’s the target owned by every Chinese. We should try our best to improve Beijing’s environment for Olympics.
let’s begin to act! First, start with the things around you. Don’t throw rubbish onto the road. Don’t talk loudly when you are outdoors. Turn off the water tap after using it. Go to school by bike or by bus instead of by private car. Save your pocket money and contribute to environmental protection organizations. Take me as an example, I take action in order to make our only world full of happiness. I pick up rubbish and throw it into a trashcan. I collect waste paper or bottles for recycling. I plant more trees and flowers, and so on. If you do all these things just like me, it means you have done something useful to improve the environment. We’re grateful, because the emblem of the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games is a precious treasure dedicated to the Olympic Movement by the people of China. Under the guidance of the Olympic spirit, let us do a better job in all fields of our preparation and venue construction work in an efficient way. We will combine the Olympic Movement with the latest technology and advanced culture to make the Beijing Games the best Olympic Games ever! Welcome to Beijing! Thank you.
绿色北京 绿色奥运 你我同行
你可曾见到过动物哭泣？你可曾知道它们为什么哭泣？正是因为我们不负责任的行为，让世界变得肮脏，让这些可爱的动物们哭泣不止。我们清楚的知道，如果没有了动物和植物，我们的世界将会变得多么死寂，多么灰暗但是有些人仍然固执的犯着同样的错误??破坏环境，执迷不悟！
更糟糕的是，人们热衷于品尝野生动物。食用野生动物的人不知道，更不会想知道，正是这种行为导致了很多特殊问题的出现。例如：医学家已经证实，举世瞩目的SARS疾病，正是由于食用野生动物传播的。
如今，我们的世界已经不再整洁，不再美丽。为什么呢？ 因为空气，水和噪声等 - 32 -
污染已经变得越来越严重了。噪声污染让我们的脾气变得极易暴躁；水污染让河流和湖泊不再清澈，大气污染让天空变得不再蔚蓝。环境污染，无处不在！
无疑，清洁我们的环境势在必行。然而可悲的是，许多人不能时刻领悟到保护环境的重要性。在街道上，你可以目睹汽车尾气四处弥漫；在洗手间，你可以目睹有人用后却不及时关闭水龙头；甚至是在环境优美的公园，有人随意的丢弃垃圾，但他们从来没有意识到这种行为是错的。
我们必须学会保护我们的环境。如果我们每个人都能伸出双手，那么我们的世界将会变得更整洁，更美丽，更和平。20xx年奥运会的主题是"新北京，新奥运"，这也正是我们每个人的目标。
为了让我们的家园充满欢笑，我们必须立刻行动！从我做起，从今做起，从身边小事做起。如果你还在随意丢弃废弃物；如果你还在公共设施上随意刻画；如果你还在公共场所随地吐痰，那么请你赶快改正！我们每个人都应该为改善环境做出努力，让我们的家园变得像春天一样美丽！
20xx年奥运会对我们来说，既是机遇，又是挑战。我们衷心希望20xx年的北京能够，春风裁柳，碧如丝绦，红日东升，光辉灿烂；夏雨过后，绿叶晶莹，禾苗秀美，青松斜生；秋风习习，桂香飘飘，碧海蓝天，秋水潺潺；冬梅傲骨，众芳独暄，白雪纷飞，覆压枝头。
让我们沉醉于上苍所给予的美景，流连忘返；让我们迷恋于自然所散发的清香，沁人心脾。
让我们以奥运为契机，呼唤环境意识，聚焦环境保护，弘扬绿色文明，分享绿色体验！
让我们携手，共建美好家园！
绿色奥运，绿色北京，你我同行！
爱是帮助学生的钥匙
Love——the key to motivate our students
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Good afternoon ladies and gentleman,
It is a great honor to be chosen to speak here. I value this chance of sharing teaching experience with distinguished teachers very much. To be honest I felt rather nostalgic when somebody told me I would make a speech before all of you fine people. I can still remember when I made my first speech in college. My heart would have jumped out of my chest if I hadn’t tried my best to control my breath. The reason lies in the fact that I really didn’t know what to say at that time!
Well today, being a teacher of English for some years in Shenzhen, I have a strong sense of responsibility, which always fills me with strength and confidence.
I am from Xinzhou Middle School located in the west part of Shenzhen. There are two extremes in my school. About 38% are from local resident families, whose parents are rich and some even rich enough to own several buildings. But some of the children in such families turned out to be slow in their lessons. They seem to have everything but the motivation of learning. However, About 60% of the students are from working class families in the villages near by, whose parents hold temporary residence identities. Sometimes when we visit these students at home we noticed that a large proportion of their living standards are very critical. Some don’t even have desks good enough to finish their homework on. No wonder they appear quite reluctant to pay enough attention to the teachers in classes, and always find excuses not to finish their homework. And according to assessment criteria there are 40% students struggling to get a pass in the English learning. Some even can not make a proper sentence before they are going to take the matriculation examinations.
I still remember once I saw my student coming to school with one arm hanging on her neck. When asked she just said she was careless when she run across a pond, fell down and broke her arm. But later I got to know that she fell from the place she sleeps on the temporary second floor at home, where half of it is a small shop in the village, while she was climbing down the ladder. At that time she was in a hurry to go to school. Not until then did I realized how hard it is for some of our students to manage to survive in Shenzhen, let along concentrate in learning their lessons at school. I believe if children live in poverty, they learn to fight for their future, if children live in comfort they learn to enjoy themselves.
Then come the question, “How could I help them?” “What do they need most?” After - 34 -
some years of practicing I got to know three golden rules in English teaching in such kind of schools.
Rule No.1 Getting to know what exactly problems in our students’ learning English have and trying best to give them individual instructions;
Rule No.2 Try best to build up their confidence, let them have a taste of success. Make them believe that English is not that difficult as they thought to be;
Rule No.3 Never trying to teach them the knowledge of English until they really mastered their own way of studying. For the most valuable knowledge is not the knowledge itself; it is the learning strategy.
Rule No. 4 The most important aspect in teaching here is love we cherish during teaching. If we don’t love our students whole-heartedly we will never succeed in secondary education in Shenzhen.
So from what my experience, “love” is the key to motivate our students!
Thank you!
我们为什么学英语?
Why We study English? It is a good and simple question, but not easy to answer. I am saying it is a good question, because We are now working people in English ; I am saying it is a simple question, because probably I can simply answer it that my work demands me to do so, working in English is my job. And why I am saying it is hard to answer? The reason is that I have been working in English for years, however, I have been chased for many times now and then by some people and by myself and the answers were always no big difference. Now, here comes the old question again. It is evident that it is the very time and is good to remind all of us to thoroughly review the purpose of our choice and to rediscover and clarify the best rational and convincible motives deep in hearts, so that we can be pushed forward not only in the activities of English studying but also in that of applications today and tomorrow.
Objectively speaking, as we all know, China has been developing for about 20 years and at the moment it is still marching forward at certain surprising high growth rate in world - 35 -
history and is continuing to be involved into the international society much more deeply than before in every aspect such as global economy, international politics, culture intercourse, education exchanges, inter-state trades, and military interplays as well. A more opened China and the much more and heavier global roles and the international responsibilities it is taking and it is pursuing demand more and more skilled experts who are well trained and well experienced in the international communication in English and other languages in all these areas. And therefore, it is true, that the development situation at present and trend in front of us undoubtedly will imply some more serious challenges and more profound opportunities for everyone and already did. All these are forcing us to pick up or continue to study English, or it would not be a chance for anyone to be invincible anyway as previous in this hard-to-breath tide of development unless you are ready to be dead.
Nowadays, China is transforming into a more improved market economy system to its perfection, anyone should not ignore the booming market and the arisen competitions surrounding him or around the corner and No one can avoid the shock from it. Whoever you are, and no matter where you stay in the state-owned or private enterprises, there is no where for you to be harbored, thereupon you would better actively to make a show out of yourself and supplement where you lack to tackle different and more and more complicated business and works. For instance, you shall be well qualified to what you are working at, and you should be able to balance with those who came with you in the same year or even later and were with high degrees and good background but now they have differed in position, payment and other treatments as well. That is a very exigent task for almost every one of us. Surely, indeed, the fact is that We are English oriented now and We are working to keep up with times. I believe after years of running in studying English, We would eventually be one of the best order-made qualified candidates for any challenges and better opportunities. If the various knowledge and English are with us, nothing can be against us.
Nevertheless, be sure to remember don’t be always content with any historical achievements you have made and don’t forget to review periodically and to study English continuously more in depth and width with a plan of when and where needed, as every body is running like you. Don’t give up and relax by far when you encounter difficulties. A daily but continuous effort you are making today will bring what you expected when you decided on - 36 -
and it will do.
享受生活、不忘使命
In my 18 years of life, there have been many things. University days are the best part of them. I can never forget the days when I stepped into my university. I was impressed by its garden-like campus, its enthusiastic students and especially its learning atmosphere. I at once fell in love with it.
After the arduous military training, I get absolutely absorbed in my studies. The classes given by the teachers are excellent. They provide us with information not only from our textbooks but from many other sources as well. They easily arouse my insatiable desire to take in as much as I can.
Frankly speaking, at first I had some difficulty following the teachers. However, through my own efforts and thanks to my teachers’ guidance, I made remarkable progress. Now I’ve benefited a lot from lectures and many other academic reports.
Learning is a long process; I’ll keep exploring in the treasure house of knowledge to enrich myself. This summer I got out of the ivory tower and entered the real world. A publishing house offered me a part-time job in compilation and revision.
At the beginning I was belittled by my colleagues. But they were really surprised when I translated seven English articles over 5,000 words on only one day. Gradually, they began to look at me with respectful eyes. In their opinion I turned out to be a useful and trustworthy colleague.
I also realize that only those who bring happiness for others can be truly happy. So I often take part in activities concerning public welfare. I once went to a barren mountain village with my classmates. We taught the kids there who could not afford school. While showing them how broad and how civilized the outer world is, I was deeply touched by their eagerness to learn, their honesty and their purity. I couldn’t control my tears on the day when we left. The precious experience with the poor kids made me aware of the responsibility on the shoulders of us, future teachers.
- 37 -
Besides study and social practice, there are entertainments as well. I do body building every day, hoping to keep healthy and energetic. We also write a play and put it on in our spare time.
Campus life is the most splendid time. But different people have different choices. The majority of students cherish their beautiful season and cherish the hope that one day they’ll become outstanding. But there are indeed some students still under ignorance. They gather together for eating, drinking or playing cards. They’re busy in searching for a girlfriend or a boyfriend. They forget completely about their mission as college students and the hope of their motherland.
Finally, I do hope everybody can try their best to become a worthy citizen of the country. I do hope everybody can become the backbone of our nation and make great contributions to society!
享受生活、不忘使命
在我这18年的生命中，有着许多美好的经历，而大学生活则是其中最难忘的一段。我永远不会忘记刚刚跨进大学校园的那几天:花园一样的校园，热情活跃的学生，特别是那里的学习气氛，给我留下了深刻的印象。
经过了一段艰辛的军事训练后，我完全融入到了学习中。老师的讲课真是棒极了。他们传授给我们的不仅是课本上的知识，还包括其他各种各样的信息。我渴望获得尽可能多的知识，是老师激发起了我这个不能满足的欲望。
坦率地说，一开始我还不能跟上老师的讲课。但是，通过我自己的努力以及老师的指导，我取得了巨大的进步。我从老师的授课和其他许多学术报告中获益匪浅。
学习是个循序渐进、长期的过程，我会在知识的宝库中不断探索，丰富自我。今年暑假，我跨出象牙塔，进入并接触到了真正的社会。一个出版社给了我编辑和校对的兼职工作。
工作初期，同事们都礁不起我。但是，当我在一天之内翻译完7篇(总字数超过5000字)的英语文章后，他们真的是
大吃一惊。渐渐地，他们开始用尊敬的眼光看待我。他们认为，我变成了一个有 - 38 -
用并值得信赖的好同事。
我也同样意识到，只有那些为别人带来幸福的人才能真正的幸福。因而，我经常参加有关公众福利享业的活动。有一次，我和同学去了一个贫痔的山区村庄。在那里，我们教那些没钱上学的孩子。我向他们展示了一幅宽广、文明的外部世界的画面，但同时我也被那些孩子学习的渴望、他们的真诚和纯洁深深打动了。在我们离开的那一天，我那不争气的眼泪禁不住流了下来。这次珍贵的经历让我们这些未来的教师意识到了自己肩上的责任重大。
除了学习和社会实践，我还经常参加娱乐活动。我每天都锻炼身体，希望保持健康和充满活力。我们还在业余时间写剧本并排练演出。
校园生活是最丰富多彩的。但是，不同的人有着不同的选择。大多数的学生珍惜他们的美好时光，并殷切希望将来能出类拔萃。可是，的确有学生无动于衷。他们聚在一起吃喝玩乐;他们忙于追求异性朋友;他们完全忘记了自己作为大学生的使命和祖国对他们的厚望。
最后，我希望每个人都能尽最大努力成为国家的有用人才。我也希望每个人都能成为我们民族的脊梁，为社会做出巨大的贡献。
学习如何说不
When we need to say no, here is one method we can try. First, we should tell the truth. If we really can’t do something, we should just say so. Second, we should remember to refuse requests politely. We must communicate clearly, but must also be sincere and sympathetic. A true friend will understand. Finally, we must not feel guilty about saying no. Sometimes refusing others is the right thing to do. It can save ourselves, and them, a lot of trouble. In short, we cannot please everyone all the time. Refusing favors is a part of life.
学习如何说不
当我们需要说不的时候，有个办法我们可以试试。首先，我们应该要说实话。假如我们真的办不到某件事，我们就应该说不。第二，我们应该记得要客气地拒绝对方的要求。我们必须清楚地表达，但态度也必须真诚并且表示同情。一个真正的朋友会谅解的。最后，我们不必为了说不而觉得有罪恶感。有时候拒绝别人才是我们应该做的事。它可 - 39 -
以替我们自己和别人，都省下许多麻烦。总而言之，我们无法一直取悦每个人。拒绝请求是人生的一部分。
如何减肥
It seems that many people today are overweight. No one wants to carry around extra pounds, lout few people know how to slum down effectively. They look for miracle pills and magic cures. In the end, they fail and the pounds come back. But the most effective way of losing weight is actually very simple. It is a combination of a good diet and proper exercise. What makes it work is determination. It requires discipline and commitment to succeed. Here is an example that proves the truth of these words.
My aunt had been trying to lose weight for years. She went on one diet after another, but none of them worked. She lost a lot of weight quickly only to have it come back. Finally, she followed her doctor’s advice and began to eat a simple, well-balanced diet. She ate lots of fruits and vegetables and avoided high-fat foods. In addition, she joined an exercise class. She worked out three times a week. At first, my aunt wasn’t happy because the weight came off so slowly. But her classmates encouraged her to stick to it and eventually she reached her goal. Best of all, she was able to stay at her ideal weight. That was because she had developed healthy new habits.
如何减肥
现在似乎有许多人的体重都过重。没有人会希望身上有多余的重量，但是很少人知道如何才能有效地瘦下来。他们会去寻找特效药，以及神奇的治疗法。最后不仅失败，而且反弹了。但是事实上，最有效的减肥方法非常简单。主要就是结合均衡的饮食，以及适当的运动。成功的关键就是要有决心。成功需要自制和投入。以下这个例子，可以证明这个方法是正确的。
我阿姨试图减肥已经好多年了。她一次又一次地节食，但是没有一次成功。她的体重会快速地下降，但没多久就又反弹了。最后，她听从医生的建议，开始吃简单、均衡的饮食。她吃大量的蔬果，并避免高脂肪的食物。除此之外，她还去参加运动课程。她一星期运动三次。起初，我阿姨并不是很开心，因为体重下降得很慢。但是她的同学们鼓励她坚持下去，最后她终于达到目标。最棒的是，她能够维持她的理想体重。因为她 - 40 -
已经养成健康的新生活习惯。
我重树信心
I received a devastating blow to my self-confidence in the first interview of my college years. I applied to be a host in our Student Acting Troupe and felt confident that I would be accepted. But one of the panel members told me: "You seem inadequate and you are a little vertically-challenged." My life has never been the same since. I used bigger heels to complement my height and psychological maneuvers and tricks to hide my lack of confidence. But no matter how hard I tried to look the part, there was still something missing.
As president of English Club, I organized the rehearsal of Snow White for an English party. Unfortunately, we could not find an actor to be the last dwarf. It had to be someone who was humorous by nature and fluent in English. Suddenly, all eyes turned to me, and I knew I would have to be the dwarf. To my great surprise and delight, once on stage, I was totally absorbed in the performance and my humorous nature was put to full use. As the dwarf, I was a big hit.
Yes, each of us is only one among millions of others, but each of us is an individual and each of us is unique. Cultivating our individuality will transform our lives, making of them a kaleidoscope of new colors and textures.
A world deprived of diversity would be a bland and boring place. The real tragedy is not being short or shy or ugly, but having your identity lost in a world in which everyone is a clone of a model cool boy or a flawless charming girl.
Given a choice, I would rather be ugly than live in such a world. I’d rather be a genuine dwarf accompanying a Snow White than be a Snow White among nothing but Snow Whites. I would rather be myself. I would contribute my individual and unique colors to create a more diverse universe. Please, be yourself.
我重树信心
大学生活的几年里，当我参加第一次面试时，我的自信心受到了沉重的打击。我向“学生剧团”申请出演一个主角，而且我十分自信地认为我会被录用。但是,其中有个 - 41 -
剧团成员告诉我:“你似乎不太合适出演这个角色，因为你的身高有点问题。”我从未遇到过这种情况。我穿着高跟鞋来弥补我的身高，采用心理策略和技巧来掩盖自己信心的缺乏。但是，不论我怎样努力进入角色，感觉还是缺少些什么。
作为英语俱乐部的主席，我为英语晚会组织排演了《白雪公主》短剧。不幸的是，我们找不到合适的人选出演最后一个小矮人。这个角色必须生性幽默，英语流利。突然，所有人的目光都转向了我，我知道那个小矮人就是我了。让我极度奇怪而又高兴的是，一上台，我完全投入到演出中，而且我那幽默的天性被发挥得淋漓尽致。作为一个‘’小矮人”，我取得了巨大的成功。
的确，我们中的任何一个人都是千百万中的一员，但我们中的每个人都是一个与众不同的个体。发挥我们自己的个性会改变我们的生活，使它们成为美丽的万花筒。
失去了多样性的世界是个冷漠、乏味的地方。真正的悲剧不是个矮、害羞或丑陋，而是将自己的个性迷失在一个克隆的世界里，那里到处都是典型的酷男孩或无瑕、迷人的好姑娘。
如果让我选择，我宁可面貌五陋，也不愿生活在这样一个世界里。我宁可做一个伴随“白雪公主”的真实的小矮人，也不愿做“白雪公主”世界里的一个白雪公主，而随波逐流。我宁可作为一个真实的自我而出现。我愿将自己独特的、与众不同的色彩奉献给多姿多彩的世界。“走自己的路，让别人去说吧!”
Classifying Rubbish , Improving Environment
垃圾分类，改善环境
Good morning, respectable judges, teachers. Today, standing here makes me feel really honored and excited. The title of my speech is Classifying Rubbish , Improving Environment.
Personally, rubbish has been a big headache in Beijing. As the year 2008 is coming ,every citizen has realized Green Beijing and Green Olympics will bring the far-reaching impact on Beijing and even all China . The scense of rubbish nearly everywhere has given all of us a really bad impression, and I’m sure none of us wish to show off the bad side of Beijing to athletes and journalists all over the world, for it would blemish the city’s - 42 -
and even China’s image and leave a bad reputation. So we really have to work hard on Green Olympics.
Now, we are middle school students. We must improve the sense of protecting the environment and make a contribution to Green Olympics .
In our life, a lot of rubbish , such as waste paper, plastic bottles ,batteries and so on , is produced every day . After we learnt the passage Make Our Environment More Beautiful , we found a lot of rubbish thrown into dustbins could be recycled in fact during our discussion. So we thought it would be better if we could classify rubbish . we told our idea to our teacher and he supported us very much . We became volunteers to classify rubbish . Firstly we got three big boxes and put them in a corner of our classroom . One is for waste paper , one for plastics and Coke cans and the other is for batteries . With Teacher’s help ,soon all the students took part in the activity of classifying rubbish .In a month , we collected three boxes of paper , a box of batteries and a box of plastics and Coke cans .We sold them for 28 yuan and bought some young trees with the money . We planted the trees around our school . We were all spoken highly of by our school principals. Now we keep on the job and are all proud of improving environment .
The world trusts Beijing .Beijing still has a lot to do to reach the level the world expects, but we have the confidence to make Beijing a Green City. Great changes are taking place, and not far in the future, Beijing will be the focus of all worlds’ attention. We’ll grasp the opportunity and do our best to make the sky bluer, water greener and air fresher by the year 2008.
Let’s all wish the best for the 2008 Olympics in Beijing. Thanks for your listening.
垃圾分类，改善环境
尊敬的评委、老师们，你们好！有幸站在这里，我感到是一种荣耀，我此时的心情非常激动。我演讲的题目是：垃圾分类，改善环境！
应该 说垃圾问题一直是困扰我们的一大难题。随着20xx年的临近，每一个市民都深切地意识到"绿色北京，绿色奥运"对北京乃至中国将有着多么深远的影响！几乎 到处是垃圾的情景早就给我们留下了深刻的印象。我相信没有一个中国人愿意把北京不好的印象留给来自世界各地的参赛队员和新闻记者，因为它会严重损坏北京乃 至中国的形象和声誉。所以，我们必须致力于建设绿色奥运这一目标。
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我们现在是中学生。我们必须提高我们保护环境的意识，从现在做起，为20xx年绿色奥运做出我们的贡献。
在我们的生活中，每天都要产生大量的垃圾象废纸，塑料瓶，可乐罐，电池等等。 在我们学习 "美化环境"这篇课文时，我和几个同学在讨论时发现许多扔进垃圾桶里面的垃圾实际上是可以回收的。 所以我们就想如果能把垃圾进行分类就太好了。我们把想法告诉了班主任并受到了老师的大力支持 . 于是我们几个成了垃圾分类的志愿者。首先我们找来三个大箱子，把他们放在教室的一个角落里。一个用来装废纸，一个用来放塑料制品和可乐罐，还有一个用来收 集旧电池。在老师的帮助下，很快全班同学都加入到垃圾分类的活动中来。 在一个月内我们就收集了三箱子废纸，一箱子电池和一箱子塑料瓶。这些垃圾卖了28元 ，我们用这些钱买了几棵小树栽在了学校的周围。我们的行动受到了校领导的高度赞扬。现在我们仍然坚持垃圾分类活动，我们以为改善环境出了一份力而自豪！
世界相信北京，要实现全世界对北京的期盼，北京还有许许多多工作要做。但我们有信心把北京建设成为一个绿色的城市。现在北京的面貌日新月易，相信在不远 的将来，北京将会成为全世界关注的焦点。我们一定会抓住这次机遇并为之全力以赴。在20xx年到来之前我们一定让北京的天更蓝，水更绿，空气更新鲜！
让我们一起祝福北京 , 祝福20xx年北京奥运会吧！谢谢！
如何才能受人欢迎
How to Be Popular
Most people would like to be popular with others, but not everyone can achieve this goal. What is the secret to popularity? In fact, it is very simple. The first step is to improve our appearance. We should always make sure that we stay in good shape and dress well. When we are healthy and well-groomed, we will not only look better but also feel better. In addition, we should smile and appear friendly. After all, our facial expression is an important part of our appearance. If we can do this, people will be attracted to our good looks and impressed by our confidence.
Another important step is developing more consideration for others. We should always - 44 -
put others first and place their interests before our own. It’s also important to be good listeners; in this way people will feel comfortable enough to confide in us. However, no matter what we do, we must not gossip. Above all, we must remember to be ourselves, not phonies. Only by being sincere and respectful of others can we earn their respect. If we can do all of the above, I am sure popularity will come our way.
如何才能受人欢迎
大部分的人都想受人欢迎，但是并非每个人都能达到目标。受欢迎的秘诀何在?事实上是很简单的。步骤一，先改善我们的外表。我们得确保自己很健康，并且穿着 体面。当我们既健康又穿戴整齐时，不仅看起来更有精神，自己也会觉得好多了。此外，我们要保持微笑并表现得很友善。毕竟，脸部表情是外观很重要的一环。如 果我们能做到这一点，别人会被我们的美好外表所吸引，并对我们的自信印象深刻。
另一个重要步骤，就是培养对别人的体贴。永远以他人为重，并把别人的利益放在自己的利益之前。当个好听众也是很重要的;如此一来，别人才能很自在地对我们 吐露心事。然而，不管我们做什么事，绝对不要说闲言闲语。最重要的是，要做自己，不要当虚伪的人。只有对人真诚又尊重时，才能赢得他人的尊敬。如果我们能 做到以上几点，我相信受人欢迎是指日可待的事。
青春Youth
Ladies and Gentlemen ,
Good afternoon!
I’m very glad to stand here and give you a short speech. today my topic is “youth”. I hope you will like it , and found the importance in your youth so that more cherish it.
First I want to ask you some questions:
1、 Do you know what is youth?
2、 How do you master your youth?
Youth is not a time of life, it is a state of mind ; it is not rosy cheeks , red lips and supple knees, it is a matter of the emotions : it is the freshness ; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life .
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Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity of the appetite , for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20 . Nobody grows old merely by a number of years . We grow old by deserting our ideals.
Years wrinkle the skin , but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul . Worry , fear , self –distrust bows the heart and turns the spirit back to dust .
Whether 60 of 16 , there is in every human being ‘s heart the lure of wonders, the unfailing childlike appetite of what’s next and the joy of the game of living . In the center of your heart and my heart there’s a wireless station : so long as it receives messages of beauty , hope ,cheer, courage and power from men and from the infinite, so long as you are young .
When the aerials are down , and your spirit is covered with snows of cynicism and the ice of pessimism, then you are grown old ,even at 20 , but as long as your aerials are up ,to catch waves of optimism , there is hope you may die young at 80.
Thank you!
青春
青春不是指岁月，而是指心态。粉嫩的脸，红润的唇，矫健的膝并不是青春。青春表现在意志的坚强与懦弱。想象的丰富与苍白、情感的充沛与贫乏等方面。青春是生命深处清泉的喷涌。
青春是追求。只有当勇气盖过怯弱、进取压倒苟安之时，青春才存在。果如此，则60见之长者比20岁之少年更具青春活力。仅仅岁月的流逝并不能使他们衰老。而一旦抛弃理想和信念，则垂垂老也。
岁月只能使皮肤起皱。而一旦丧失生活的激情，则连灵魂枯老，使人生枯如死水，毫无活力。
60 岁长者也好，16岁少年也罢，每个人的内心深处都渴望奇迹，都如孩子一般眨着期待的双眼，期待着下一次，期待着生活的情趣，你我灵魂深处都有一座无线电中 转站------只有你我年轻，则总能听到希望的呼唤，总能发出喜悦的欢呼，总能传达勇气的讯号，总能表现出青春的活力???
一旦青春的天线倒下，你的灵魂即为玩世不恭之雪、悲观厌世之冰覆盖；即使你年方20.其实你已垂垂老也。而只要你青春的天线高高耸起，就可以随时接收到乐观的电波-----即使你年过八旬，行将就木，而你却仍然拥有青春，你仍然年轻。
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关爱自然
Good morning:
Honorable judges, dear teachers and close friends. I’m very glad to stand here to share my speech with you. Today I’m going to talk about Love and Take care of Nature.
Mother Nature is an exquisite and complex life-system. It\’s charm appears in the trees, stream, soil, insects, moss and fungus, all the things on the earth in different shapes, which are interdependent. When you get close to nature, please remember, each tree, stone and species of animals here has lived harmoniously for hundreds, thousands or even millions of years. When we pass away, they will continue to live. They are the real masters, while we are just the passer-by. However, the conduct we unconsciously do, such as picking, lumbering, tramping and abusing can probably destroy the balance of their life. Therefore, we must reduce our bad influence as much as possible. While you are enjoying the nature, do not forget please, the beauty of the lives also needs to be concerned with and to be protected.
Each life on the earth has a long and touching evolutionary story. From the origin, the lives of the human being are equal to those of others; they both are the composing parts of Mother Nature. Nevertheless, for some inexplicable reasons, the human becomes the spirits of all creatures. Of course, it is the result of the evolution, but still we should be grateful to all our companions in nature for the opportunity they offer.
In spite of this, humans cannot live without earth. They live on the earth, drink the sweet water, and enjoy the sunshine, the air, the sky, the fruit; the grains utilize the energy and so on. In a word, the human being cannot live without nature, and Mother Nature makes us grow stronger.
I do not like the word "Pet", but preferring the word "Animal" instead. I have been loving animal since I was just a little boy. When thinking of the "Pet Fashion", I always feel much annoyed. For the animals will be given a shackle and lose their liberty if they become someone\’s pets. Their natural attribution can be deprived, too.
Up to now, relying on their scientific power, the human have opened up too much and over developed nature, in order to fill up their growing appetites of wealth. They destroy the - 47 -
balance of nature, however, they don\’t realize, their own development and existence will be threatened. Therefore, our sights should be focused on nature and we should try to develop the concept of "keeping human and nature in unity".
We should lay emphasis on our education with consider cultural and natural emotion. To use the vivid example to wake up the conscience in people\’s hearts.
To love nature is to love our mankind. As the new generation who enter the new century, we should make efforts to love and respect nature, to treat it well and protect it. Only in this way can we have a beautiful nature to enjoy it!
Thank you.
餐后演说
It is a great honor and prestige to be asked to make a speech here tonight. I have chosen a rather serious, unpleasant subject for tonight’s speech: it is the problem of trade friction between China and the United States.
It seems that criticism is directed mainly toward China for its large trade surplus vis-a-vis the United States. As of the summer of 1997, the annual surplus amounted to some US $ 50 billion. The reason for that is that automobiles and electronic products of China are outselling the American equivalents. Criticism also goes to the closed market of China. Americans demand that China open its market for American agricultural products such as crops, fruit, and food-meat, and that the complex Chinese distribution system be simplified.
However, I think the basic posture the Americans are taking needs to be changed. That is, Americans tend to assume that the Chinese are all to blame, and they also demand quick changes from the Chinese. I think what we really need is a little more patience and effort to understand each other. Mutual understanding is indispensable today when international interdependence is the rule.
I hope my speech will serve as "food for thought" and that you will be able to "digest" it - 48 -
well. Thank you.
Notes:
trade friction:贸易摩擦
trade surplus:贸易盈余
outselling:卖得比...多
distribution system:行销体系
the Chinese are all to blame:都是中国的错
food for thought:思考的食量
结婚(Wedding)
On behalf of president Xu Who could not attend today, I would like to first express our cordial gratitude to you for inviting us to this wonderful wedding reception. Also, I would like to extend our warmest congratulations to the newly weds, Mr. and Mrs. Brown.
I happen to know the Groom, Mr. John Brown quite well, through our business dealings between his company and mine. I believe Mr. Brown is by far the most competent and efficient businessman I have ever met. Obviously, his competence and efficiency even outside of his profession have also been proved, from the fact that he has today married such a beautiful and intelligent bride. Mr. Brown, with your youth and talent, I am sure that you will have a very happy married life.
Let me say congratulations again to you both, and I hope you will not work too hard and leave your wife alone too often.
Congratulations!
NOTES
express cordial gratitude: 表达由衷的感谢
extend our warmest congratulations to:献上我们最诚挚的祝福
bridegroom:新郎
business dealings or business transactions:生意往来
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生日宴会
Bob has always been a great boss,and I’m sure everybody agrees with me.I have never met a person who is as understanding and patient as Bob.
We have thrown this birthday party not only to celebrate your fourty-fifth birthday,Bob,but,more importantly,to express our gratitude for your thoughtful leadership.We all want to say "thank you" to you.
It is really wonderful for all of us to grow older together and work together under Bob’s leadership.And I’m sure Bob will also take the leadership in "staying young".
Happy birthday,Bob,and many more happy returns!
自我介绍演讲稿
General Introduction
I am a third year master major in automation at Shanghai Jiao Tong University, P. R. China. With tremendous interest in Industrial Engineering, I am writing to apply for acceptance into your Ph.D. graduate program.
Education background
In 1995, I entered the Nanjing University of Science & Technology (NUST) -- widely considered one of the China’s best engineering schools. During the following undergraduate study, my academic records kept distinguished among the whole department. I was granted First Class Prize every semester,In 1999, I got the privilege to enter the graduate program waived of the admission test.
At the period of my graduate study, my overall GPA(3.77/4.0) ranked top 5% in the department. In the second semester, I became teacher assistant that is given to talented and matured students only. This year, I won the Acer Scholarship as the one and only candidate in my department, which is the ultimate accolade for distinguished students endowed by my university. Presently, I am preparing my graduation thesis and trying for the honor of Excellent Graduation Thesis.
Research experience and academic activity
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When a sophomore, I joined the Association of AI Enthusiast and began to narrow down my interest for my future research. With the tool of OpenGL and Matlab, I designed a simulation program for transportation scheduling system. It is now widely used by different research groups in NUST. I assumed and fulfilled a sewage analysis & dispose project for Nanjing sewage treatment plant. This was my first practice to convert a laboratory idea to a commercial product.
In retrospect, I find myself standing on a solid basis in both theory and experience, which has prepared me for the Ph.D. program. My future research interests include: Network Scheduling Problem, Heuristic Algorithm research (especially in GA and Neural network), Supply chain network research, Hybrid system performance analysis with Petri nets and Data Mining.
网络文明
Internet Civilization
Good afternoon, ladies and gentleman!
First I want to say is that I’m very proud of to be invited to to present my topic here, which is “ Internet Civilization”.
Before I begin my topic, please allow me to ask you a question: Every time you click the mouse to surf the web, do you know what does it mean?
On the net, you can make friends overseas and call them with IP phones; you can get information from all over the world; you can even give a hand to some people in troubles and get help when in need.
However, we have to admit that internet also leads to intimacy before acquaintance; it scatters secrets outwards, not inwards; and, most worrying of all, it is a vehicle for liars.
Here we should see, there exists good and evil, right and wrong on the web. As netizens, we’d better grow to realize the importance of Internet Civilization.
Just as the famous saying goes “Long and steep is the path to virtue.” Many people advocate that we should be sincere, honest and responsible in our society—the real world. - 51 -
Now, what I want to add is that we also should obey the primary moral principles in this virtual world.
All of my dear friends here, on the internet, which role did you play? Which role are you playing? And which role will you play?
Thank you very much!
缘
People remain puzzled in spite of their great effort to understand the endless questions, so they invented the all-embracing word---“predestination”. In order to be more precise, different combinations were derived from it: love predestination, sinful predestination, evil predestination, and kind predestination etc., hence we have the sayings like: “Predestination will definitely bring you together despite the great distance while without predestination, you’ll never know each other even though you are standing fact to face” “A distant couple is tied up with the thread of predestination” and even the phrases and expressions like “the god of marriage”, “predestination without luck”, “luck without predestination”, “Coming across each other is a kind of predestination”, “Enemies are bound to meet on a narrow road”, “They shall not marry each other unless they are predestined lovers”. If people still can not find answers, they turn to “reincarnation” for help. Lin Daiyu is always in tears just for repaying for the water Jia Baoyu had given her when she was a plant in her previous life in A Dream of the Red Mansions.
In fact, the so-called “predestination” is often a kind of coincidence or chance encounter, even a kind of accident. If you don’t meet this person, you’ll surely meet some one else. But people insist on adding some colors of emotions or superstition, thus generating various religious factions, the main theories of which are no more than that of “reincarnation”, “heaven and hell” and “the ever-lasting soul” etc.
But does anyone know anything about his previous life or his after life? What could he do even if he knew them? If he can’t grasp the present life, what’s the benefit of commenting on the visionary after life? Giving up today is the same as giving up tomorrow, for they are - 52 -
closely connected. How absurd it is to work like the horse or cattle in the present life in order to be above others in the next life.
Have you ever seen emperor Qinshihuang reincarnate? Have you ever heard of Emperor Wudi of the Han Dynasty going into another life? Where is now Monk Xuanzang of the Tang Dynasty (What we know is the Big Wild Goose Pagoda)? Where is the Monkey King (The Flower and Fruit Mountain does exist, though)? And where can we find those great emperors such as Yao, Shun Yu and the influential philosophers like Confucius, Laozi and Zhuangzi?
How many heavens do we find? Are they also divided into the oriental and the occidental world? Is God a Chinese or westerner? Which is the greatest religion among Buddhism, Daoism, Christianity, Catholicity and Islamism? All religions advocate doing good deeds and not killing, but why do they keep contending against each other, even fighting and killing among themselves? Is the paradise the same one in all religions? There’s only one sun in the sky, and there should be only one emperor in a country, but do all religions believe in the same God, or do they have different gods of their own? If all of us expected God’s help, wouldn’t God be too busy and too tired?
Does God respect science? If not, why does he allow computers and telecommunications to run rampant? If it is God who created human beings, then doesn’t He feel out of control of what the human being are doing now (the nuclear weapons and bio-chemical weapons, etc.)?
We human beings have an origin, and is it the same with God? Does God get married? Is God hereditary, or is it the same ever-lasting one?
We have all those questions but who can answer them?.
Predestination needs us to strive for; friendship needs us to maintain; good will needs us to treasure and future needs us to create. There is no Savior, nor Goddess of Mercy who once saved people in the past but cannot do anything to help the people at the present. The world is developing too fast.
People have to work together and associate with each other. Talking about predestination, it’s just a kind of explanation about what has happened, and I’m afraid nobody can predict it before hand. From ancient times till the 1980’s, once getting married, the couple had to stick to each other for their whole life. Can we say it is because of their life-long predestination? It - 53 -
is just because of the marriage system. In the western countries, life-long marriage is rare. Can we say it is because their predestination makes it so? It is actually the result of human nature. The color of love could be attached to predestination, but not the color of superstition.
Predestination is a lovely word which we should treasure and respect. In the present world, we should always follow the win-win or multi-win policy, instead of being single-handed. In order to achieve success, we must gain mass support instead of indulging in self-admiration. We might as well call the communication, the cooperation, the common concerns and the common aspirations of human beings “predestination”.
缘
人世间有许多东西即没有答案，也解释不清。例如几十亿的人类，为什么就你们俩结为夫妻？为什么天天在一起没感情，素不相识的会一见钟情？为什么一家人会天天吵架，又吵而不散？为什么看去很般配的又不能结为连理？为什么一个为另一个付出的太多？为什么多情总被无情弃？??
百思不得其解，于是人们创造了“缘”这个包罗万象、包容万物的词汇。为了左右逢缘，人们又派生了“情缘”、“孽缘”、“善缘”、“恶缘”等几大支脉。诸如：“有缘千里来相会，无缘对面不相识”，“千里姻缘一线牵”，甚至还创造了“月下佬”、“有缘无份”、“有份无缘”、“相逢即是缘”，“冤家路窄”，“不是冤家不聚头”等。再解释不通，那就求助于“前生后世”了。连林黛玉流泪都是为了还前世欠贾宝玉的浇灌之情。
其实所谓“缘份”，经常是一种巧合、偶遇，甚至误打误撞。你不遇到这个人，你也会遇到别的人。但人们执意将其加上感情色彩，甚至迷信色彩。由此竟引出了无数的宗教门派。其主要理论无非是“前生后世”之说，“天堂地狱”之说，和“精神不灭”之说。
可是前生谁知道？知道又怎样？后世谁予知？知道又怎样？今天在眼前的尚不能把握，还谈什么虚无飘渺的后世？放弃今天，其实无异于放弃明天，因为二者是连续的。为了来世高人一等，宁愿今世当牛做马，是很荒唐的。
谁见过秦始皇转世？谁听说过汉武帝托生？唐僧今在哪里（空余大雁塔）？孙悟空又在何方（花果山确有其名）？三皇五帝至于今，包括孔子、老子、庄子等诸子，我们还能在哪里找到他们的身影？
天堂有几个？是否也分东西方？上帝是中国人、还是外国人？佛教、道教、基督教、 - 54 -
天主教、伊斯兰教??哪个教更正确？哪个教更伟大？各教都主张行善、不杀生，为什么彼此、甚至内部仍争斗不休、甚至打打杀杀？西方极乐世界是各教共享吗？天无二日，国无二主，上帝是大家一个，还是各教不一？都希望上帝保佑，上帝是否太忙，太累？
上帝是否崇尚科学？如不，怎么会允许电脑、电讯泛滥？如果是上帝造人，现在人们的所作所为（核武器、化学武器等）是否让上帝感到失控？
人有起源，上帝是否也有起源？上帝有无婚姻？是世袭，还是千古一帝？
许多问题也只能是问问，谁能作答？
缘份也要争取，友情也要维护。恩赐也要珍惜，未来全靠创造。没有救世主。观世音能救古代人，帮不了现代人。世界发展太快了。
人们总要共事，总要交往。说缘，也只是事后的解释，事前谁能予料？中国古代，乃至八十年代前，基本上一婚到底，能说就都是一世的缘？不过是中国的婚姻制度使然。而西方很少一婚到底的，你能说就都是缘本肤浅？其实是生活逻辑的自然体现。缘份可以加进感情色彩，但不必添加迷信份额。
“缘份”这个词是蛮可爱的，要珍惜和维护。当代世界，任何事情都应该是双赢或多赢，而不应是唯我独享。事业要成功，就一定要搞浩浩荡荡，不能搞孤家寡人。我们不如就把人们这种沟通、这种共识、这种合作、这种情感叫作“缘”。
明天会更好
I was born in Beijing and live in Beijing, and I love Beijing very much. When I heard that Beijing will have a chance to hold the 2008 Olympic Games I feel very happy and excited, and I hope I can do something useful to build Beijing into a beautiful and energetic city.
In the twenty-first century, environment is becoming more and more important, so we have "Green Olympic" as a slogan. Of course slogan is just a goal, the most important thing is we should do some things to make it true. Such as assort the trash, save the energy and so on. We are still students now, so we can’t do anything really big. But if everybody does something good for our environment we could make Beijing more beautiful.
In fact the things we can do are easy. Like not littering the useless batteries everywhere, assort the trash which we want to throw away, and also protect the animals and plants - 55 -
around us, because they are important parts of the energetic Beijing.
Luckily I had a chance to take part in an activity that is we planted 5 trees in our campus. My classmates and I worked very hard. This activity doesn’t only plant trees, but also contribute to our environment. Look at the trees, I believe, tomorrow there will be more trees and flowers standing in Beijing and give Beijingers a beautiful environment.
We are all Chinese people, live on the earth. We have only one capital, just like we have only one earth. If we don’t beautify our environment, who will? Good environment depends on good human consciousness. We should say that protecting our surroundings is not easy. That’s why I’m standing here to summon people do it.
The 2008 Olympics games is coming, this is a chance for us to show the good environment we have to other people. If we do from the bottom of our heart, Beijing’s tomorrow will be more brilliant it will have blue skies, cleaner rivers. Who don’t want Beijing to become more and more beautiful? If we do our best, tomorrow will be better!
Thanks
明天会更好
我是一个生在北京，长在北京的男孩。对这座城市有着深厚的感情。20xx年北京申办2008奥运会成功，我感到无比的兴奋与喜悦并发自内心地希望可以为建设一个生态北京，办好一次绿色奥运尽自己的一份绵薄之力。
在经济飞速发展的21世纪，环境的好与坏逐渐成为了衡量一个城市优劣的重要标准。因此，我们有了绿色奥运的口号。当然了，口号是指导，最重要的还是要落实到行动当中。诸如垃圾分类，绿色能源，绿色发电等等等等，都是国家为打造生态北京、绿色奥运做出的不懈努力。当然，依旧是学生的我们或许无法做什么大事，但如果每一个人都有心去做一点，那么我们千千万万的北京学子们一定可以让北京美起来！
其实我们要做的也很简单：每当有用完的废电池不要乱扔，应集中交给回收站处理；每当有生活垃圾要扔掉的时候，应认真地进行垃圾分类，再扔进垃圾箱内；而且我们也应当学会保护身边的动植物，一花一草，一鸟一虫都是生态北京的一个重要组成部分。 非常幸运的我曾亲身参与过一次绿色活动。就在今年植树节前夕，我和全班同学一起在校园内种了五棵针叶松。那天风很大，同学们铲土的铲土，挑水的挑水丝毫不怠慢。我和组里的几个男生也运起力量将树苗放进挖好的坑里。十几分钟的时间树都栽好了。活动稍显短暂甚至有些仓促。但这不只是为给学校种几棵树。而是自己为了一方环境做 - 56 -
出贡献，以自己的劳动给城市的绿色添上新的一笔。看着眼前的五棵树牵手，我坚信，明天必将有更多更高大的绿树矗立。这片绿色会从我们心底延伸出去，覆盖我们的北京城使它充满活力，生机勃勃。给绿色奥运一个美丽的环境，给我们北京的居民们一个美丽的环境。
亲身经历讲完了，最终的目的其实还是希望大家--每一位中学生都应该在心里树立一种主人公意识！我们都是中国人，生活在共同的神州大地上。首都只有一个，正如地球也只有一个，不去美化他们，还有谁值得我们为之付出？美好的自然环境是建立在优质的人文环境基础上的。每一个人主人翁意识的形成和综合素质的提高其实都是在为我们北京的环境打下基础，人文环境越来越好，自然环境必将随之好上加好！当环保不再只是纸上的两个字，不在只是一句空洞的口号时。是否每一个人都还有喊口号时的那份热情，真的愿意弯下腰拾起路边的垃圾，真的能握住手中的废纸坚持走道垃圾箱旁再放下，或是为自己身边的花花草草着想，不随意践踏了他们。我们不得不承认这不容易，这或许也是我之所以站在这里的原因，去说，去号召并以自己的光彩感染别人。
2008奥运将至，这是我们向世界展示环保成果的一次机会，也是对我们环保的一次考验。要如何去把这个绿色奥运办的名副其实，让全世界为之赞叹，需要我们每一个人的努力！只要我们用心去做了，北京的明天一定会更加美好，这里的天会更蓝，水会更清，处处闻啼鸟不会只是意境，群星拱月之美，也将不只是想象。这样的北京谁不想要！只要我们人人都付出了努力，北京的明天会更好！
谢谢。
梦想成真
I woke up and looked at my watch. Oh my god, it’s 7:30 already! I have to get up at once otherwise I’ll be late. Today I’ll take the Australian athletes as a tour guide around Beijing, and I’m going to be the interpreter at the Beijing Olympic Games opening ceremony tomorrow. This has always been a dream of mine since Beijing won the bid of the Olympics, and now the dream has finally come true?I have already become a successful interpreter. And today is another important day of my interpreting career. I’m a little nervous but, of course, very excited. Here goes my plan for today:
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Well, our first destination is, surely, the landmark of Beijing, the symbol of the 5000 years’ civilization?the Forbidden City?where the emperors and empresses of the Ming and Qing Dynasties lived, and it’s really grand. It was renovated recently because of the coming Olympics.
The second place we are going to is the Great Wall. This is the only building, I hear, that can been seen from the moon, and it represents the diligence and the wisdom of whole Chinese nation.
Now, it’s time for lunch. We plan to have… What? You say ”Beijing Duck”? Yeah, right you are! We’ll come back to the center of Beijing, and we’ll have dinner at “Quanjude” restaurant. You can enjoy the most delicious Chinese food?Beijing Duck, and you must be very pleased to hear this! Then I’ll show you around the Summer Palace. It’s the royal garden for the emperors and empresses of the Qing Dynasty to pass the hot summers.
After visiting those historical places, you’ll surely be impressed by the long-lasting history of our great country. At the same time, during the journey of moving from one place of interest to another, we won’t miss having a glance of Beijing’s modern civilization. The skyscrapers, beautiful avenues and advanced facilities must also catch your eyes. And we’ll also have a chance to experience Beijing’s fast development in person. We’ll do some shopping at the shopping center near the Olympics Village. You can buy everything there of course except guns and drugs which are seriously forbidden in China. To see is to believe. What you see and experience will be strong prove of your choice to Beijing, China!
That’s all about my plan for the day. What do you think of it, my friends? Today, I’m very proud to be here to give a speech about a dream, a dream for which we worked together for nine years or even more. As Beijing becomes the host city of the 29th Olympic Games, every Beijinger cares for the environment and good manners and behaviors much more than before. Now Beijing has already made herselves’ dream come true. So I must work harder to catch up with her steps. Knowing the hardness of making a dream into reality, I need to do my best at every side of my work, so then I believe my little dream?to be an interpreter?will definitely be realized someday in the future!
THANK YOU
梦想成真
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现在是20xx年，我已经成为一名成功的翻译。今天我要带领来自澳大利亚的Olympics运动员们游览北京。明天我将在20xx年北京奥运会开幕式上担任同声翻译，这曾是我多年的梦想，现在它终于实现了。面对今天和明天的工作，我当然有些紧张，但也很兴奋，以下是我今天的计划。
我们的第一站就是北京的标志建筑，中华五千年历史文化的象征??紫禁城，它是明朝和清朝帝王们的居所。为了迎接北京奥运，它最近已被修缮一新。
我们要去的第二个地方是天坛，这是我听说过的唯一一座能在月球上直接看得到的地球建筑，它是中华民族勤劳与智慧的结晶。
午餐时间，我们的目的地是全聚德餐厅，大家将会品尝到世界上最美味的中国食品??北京烤鸭。然后我将带大家参观颐和园，这曾是清朝皇族们的避暑胜地。
通过参观这些历史性的建筑，相信大家一定会对中国源远流长的历史文化留下深刻的印象，同时大家还将亲自体验现代北京的高速发展，相信这些摩天大楼、时尚的大道以及先进的设施也一定会吸引大家的眼睛，眼见为实，大家的所见所闻一定会更有力的证明了大家当初对中国北京的选择和信赖。
这就是我这一天的计划，我的朋友们，你们认为怎么样？相信你们一定会喜欢，并且爱上北京这座美丽的城市！
如何自我推销
How to Sell Yourself
In this competitive society it is essential to know how to sell yourself in order to get the job you want. That means you must be able to market your best features and present yourself in the best light. After all, you never get a second chance to make a first impression.
There are several things you can do to project a good image in an interview. First of all, look like a winner. Dress conservatively and well, and you’ll look like you’re going to the top. Second, communicate clearly. Consider each question carefully and respond with total honesty. Remember to make eye contact and maintain good posture. You need to look attentive but also at ease. Third, have a positive and assertive attitude. It’s important to appear confident of your ability and optimistic about your future. Finally, be prepared. - 59 -
Present a professional resume and be ready to explain everything in detail.
By following the advice above, you are bound to make a good impression on potential employers. Then you will be able to choose the best opportunity for you and take that first step towards success.
如何自我推销
在这个竞争激烈的社会中，为了得到你想要的工作，知道如何自我推销是很重要的。也就是说，你必须能够销售你最好的特点，并把你最好的一面呈现出来。毕竟，第一印象定江山。
要在面试时表现出好的一面，你可以做几件事情。首先，要看起来像个赢家。穿着保守而体面，会使你看起来像是就要成功了。第二，要能清楚地表达。仔细地考虑 每个问题，并据实回答。记得要和对方有目光接触，并保持良好的姿势。你必须看起来专注而自在。第三，态度要积极而有自信。对你的能力有信心，并对你的未来 感到乐观是很重要的。最后，要充分准备。递上一份专业的简历，并准备好详细解释每件事。
遵照以上的建议，你就一定会给可能成为你老板的那些人，留下好的印象。然后你就可以选择对你而言最好的机会。并踏出迈向成功的第一步。
平心而论
Objectively Speaking
People in this world can be divided into two categories: those always working and those always making comments. The working ones never have time to idle away. Some may run a hotel, or do some business; some may open a factory or set up a school; others may be absorbed in scientific research, or devoted to military affairs or political issues. Right or wrong, successful or failed, they are always fully committed to their careers. Facing all kinds of risks(not because they neglect them, but mainly because they have the courage), and shouldering the responsibilities, they march forward, bravely and cautiously. They are risking their luck and their lives as well. They have neither time nor energy to comment on others. While attentively planning the future, they devote themselves wholly in hard work, leaving the embroidered stories and malicious gossips flying in the air. The commenting ones, - 60 -
however, usually work less, and even if they want to work sometimes, they simply are not capable enough. They are no better than anyone, but show admiration to nobody either. They blame either the heaven, or the earth, but never themselves. They dare not to take any risks, but they are also afraid of any hard work. They are gossip-mongers, making stories and spreading rumors, making you feel annoyed and upset. It’s not because that you have hurt them, or disturbed them, or hindered them, but because you are working. If only you are working, he is there commenting. Everything is hard at the beginning. You have just started a new cause, needing encouragement and support, yet he is there pouring a jar of cold water or blowing a gust of chilly wind, making you worried or perplexed. But once you have succeeded, he is there again sharing your success without feeling a little ashamed of the discouragement he had given you.
Many people don’t like using their mind but enjoy echoing the views of others. They often take it for granted that the working ones are wrong while the commenting ones are definitely right. However in all fairness, how can it be true? Not working itself is already wrong, and it is a blunder to hurt the hard working people.
From ancient time to the present, many great men have been commented on endlessly. Take the cases of Confucius, Emperor Qinshihuang, Empress Wu Zetian, Gengis Khan, Dr. Sun Yet-sun, Chairman Mao, Deng Xiaoping, etc.. Both positive and negative criticism have been made about them. They not only enjoyed compliments but also suffered slanders from all over the world.
When commenting on what’s right and what’s wrong, the commenting ones themselves don’t really know what is wrong and what is right. They are simply demanding perfection. When criticizing the others’ inability, they themselves are actually unable to do anything, but simply pretending that they know better. This can well be compared with the actors and spectators. A new program is always followed by large amounts of criticism from the spectators. But if a spectator is given a chance to perform, a disaster will surely happen. Diners are always commenting on the skills of the chefs while readers are always criticizing the writers. Another case in point is the forty-chapter sequel of A Dream of the Red Mansions, which were written by Gao E who did a nearly perfect job. Nevertheless there are always such people who claim to be the experts on the novel, criticizing the latter forty - 61 -
chapters as a wretched sequel to a fine work. What if we ask them to write the sequel? I’m afraid they can only make it worse. It’s easier said than done.
Capable and wealthy people are always the focus of the society.
Capable people are usually marching ahead of others and may not be properly understood, hence causing various kinds of comments, more criticism but less support;
Capable people can easily succeed, thus causing both admiration and comments, more jealousy but less appreciation (only their good luck is recognized);
Capable people can be sought for help and attract the attention of the society, thus causing a lot of comments, more complaints but less gratitude (even though they didn’t ask anyone for help, if only they were not able to help others in a satisfactory way, it’s already their fault);
Capable people can also suffer setbacks (some even experience ups and downs many times), experiencing fully the warmth and coldness of the human world, more hurts but less helps.
Wealthy people are non the easier. No doubt there are cruel-hearted rich men, but it is also wrong to think that no wealthy
people are kind-hearted. They are capable of devising and managing and they often need to take risks to get the chance. But who care about these?
Whenever a group are dining or entertaining, everyone will take it for granted that the rich should pay the bill instead of going Dutch. If the rich doesn’t pay, then he’ll definitely be regarded as a miser;Among good friends and relatives, the rich should often help the poor, otherwise he will surely be blamed for his cruel-heartedness;
From the ancient times, people have been used to killing the rich to save the poor, without thinking about how the rich became rich and the poor stayed poor. The policy of “allowing some people to get rich” has balanced people’s mind to some extent, but there is still a long way to go before we can get rid of “the hatred toward the wealthy”.
Capable people or rich people are just human, neither sages nor perfect men. They have their own faults, and they may also commit mistakes. But objectively speaking, some mistakes are forced on them, which are the expectations of the public. They are expected to do this or that, but when expectations become disappointments, they have to take the - 62 -
blaming. In fact, it’s the public’s fault to demand for perfection or counting on unrealistic expectations of the rich.
I encourage people to work, even though they may commit mistakes.
I advise those enjoying commenting to make some effort to do something for the others. I hope people can make comments objectively instead of subjectively, without going to extremes, and not out of preference.
I also hope that the hard-working people do not care too much about what the others say, even what the others criticize. You should believe that public opinions will finally decide what’s right and what’s wrong. What we need is just time.
平心而论
世界上总有一些人在做事，总有一些人在说事。做事的人不闲着，或者包个饭店，或者搞个买卖，或者办个工厂，或者建个学校，或者专心科研，或者从军从政。也许对，也许错；也许成功，也许失败，但很投入。他们担着天下的风险（并非都是忽略，大多还是敢于面对），扛着双肩的责任，奋然前行，又战战兢兢，常常是在赌运、也赌命。他们没有时间去说别人的事，也没有精力去理会别人的事。他们抬头看路，埋头做事，任由别人的飞短流长。
说事的人，常常是不大做事。或者也曾经想做事，但做不来。他们可能谁都不如，但又谁都不服。怨天怨地，不怨自己。他们不敢担任何的风险，又不肯出少许的力气。一件事，他们能从头说到尾。先是乌鸦叫，后来喜鹊噪，一会一变脸，令你心烦闹。
并不是你伤害了他，并不是你干扰了他，并不是你阻碍了他。但只要你在做事，他就会来说事。万事开头难。当你刚刚起步，正需要鼓励与支持的时候，他会一盆凉水，一股阴风，让你浑身不舒服。而一旦你业有所成，他又会满面春风地来分一瓢羹，好象不曾给过你那片下雨的乌云。
世上有许多人不喜欢动脑，却习惯于人云亦云。他们常以为错在做事的人，理在说事的人。但平心而论，怎么会这样呢？不做事，本身就是错。再打击做事的人，不是错上加错嘛！
从古至今，许多能人，伟人，都被无休无止地评论着。如孔夫子、秦始皇、武则天、 - 63 -
成吉思汗、孙中山、毛泽东、邓小平等，说是的有，说非的也有。也堪称誉满天下，谤满天下。
说人是非，并非明白是非，不过是求全责备而已。说人不行，未必自己真行，不过装腔作势而已。就如演员与观众，每个节目出来，都会有一大堆褒贬。但真让观众上台，可能又演不成了。食客总是在评论厨师的手艺，读者总是在评论作者的长短。再如《红楼梦》的后四十回，乃高鄂所续写。公平地说，几近天衣无缝。但就有那么些人，甚至打着红学家的招牌，一定要说后四十回怎么不行，怎么狗尾续貂。真不行吗？就让这几位“红学家”写写看，他们恐怕连鼠尾都拿不出来。侃山容易，搬山难啊。
能人、富人，永远都是社会的焦点。
能人可能超前，为世人所不理解，会引起议论纷纷，支持的少，攻击的多。
能人可能成功，引起世人的羡慕，也会引起众多评论，佩服的少，嫉妒的多。（只承认你的运气和侥幸）
能人可能被求助，受到世人的关注，从而导致事后的品评，感谢的少，抱怨的多。（你没有求人，但别人求你的事没办或没办好，都是你的错。）
能人也会遭遇挫折，（有人甚至三起三落）感受人心的冷暖，洞知世态的炎凉，帮扶的少，推墙的多。
富人也不轻松。固然也有为富不仁者，但也不能说所有的富者都不仁。他们还有经营能力和运作手段，并且常常要充满冒险地去把握先机。但谁管这些？
一群人吃饭或游乐，大家一定会认为要富者买单，而不是AA制。如果你不买，那就是吝啬。
在亲朋好友的圈子里如果有富者，那就必须经常周济他人，否则就会被指责无情无义。
自古就有“杀富济贫”，不管富是怎么富，贫是怎么贫。允许一部分人先富起来的政策，让人们的心态好多了。但仇富观念的消除，还要漫长的历程。
能人、富人都是人，既不神圣，也非完人。他们都有自身的毛病，也会犯各种错误。但平心而论，还有一种错误是别人强加的，那就是众人的期望。期望他们这样，期望他们那样，期望变成了失望，就成了他们的错。对他们求全责备也好，对他们非份希求也好，其实都不应算作他们的错。
我主张鼓励做事的人，哪怕他们真的有错。
我奉劝说事的人，自己也努力去做些可做的事。
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我希望人们能平心而论天下事，不要偏激，不要掺杂个人的恩怨，不要取舍于个人的得失。我更希望做事的人，不要太在意别人一时怎么说、甚至怎么骂。要相信，是非自有公论，只是个时间问题。
我是中国人
Ladies and gentlemen, boys and girls,
I am Chinese. I am proud of being a Chinese with five thousand years of civilization behind. I’ve learned about the four great inventions made by our forefathers. I’ve learned about the Great Wall and the Yangtze River. I’ve learned about Zhang Heng(张衡)and I’ve learned about Zheng He(郑和)．Who says the Yellow River Civilization has vanished(消失)？I know that my ancestors have made miracles(奇迹)on this fertile land and we’re still making miracles. Who can ignore the fact that we have established ourselves as a great state in the world, that we have devised our own nuclear weapons, that we have successfully sent our satellites into space, and that our GNP ranks No. 7 in the world? We have experienced the plunders (掠夺) by other nations, and we have experienced the war. Yet, based on such ruins, there still stands our nation----China, unyielding and unconquerable!
I once came across an American tourist. She said, “China has a history of five thousand years, but the US only has a history of 200 years. Five thousand years ago, China took the lead in the world, and now it is the US that is leading.”My heart was deeply touched by these words. It is true that we’re still a developing nation, but it doesn’t mean that we can despise (鄙视) ourselves. We have such a long-standing history, we have such abundant resources, we have such intelligent and diligent people, and we have enough to be proud of. We have reasons to say proudly： we are sure to take the lead in the world in the future again, for our problems are big, but our ambition (雄心) is even bigger, our challenges (挑战) are great, but our will is even greater.
I am Chinese. I have inherited (继承) black hair and black eyes. I have inherited the virtues of my ancestors. I have also taken over responsibility. I am sure, that wherever I go, whatever I do, I shall never forget that I am Chinese!
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Thank you. - 66 -
【英语趣味阅读】
一)：英语姓名小常识
英语的姓名和汉语的姓名是不一样的，汉语的姓名由姓+名，而英语姓名的一般结构为：教名+自取名+姓。如 William Jafferson Clinton。但在很多场合中间名往往略去不写，如 George Bush，而且许多人更喜欢用昵称。取代正式教名，如 Bill Clinton。上述教名和中间名又称个人名。现将英语民族的个人名、昵称和姓氏介绍如下：
I . 个人名：按照英语民族的习俗，一般在婴儿接受洗礼的时候，由牧师或父母亲朋为其 取名，称为教名。以后本人可以在取用第二个名字，排在教名之后。
英语个人名的来源大致有以下几种情况：
1. 采用圣经、希腊罗马神话、古代名人或文学名著中的人名作为教名。
2. 采用祖先的籍贯，山川河流，鸟兽鱼虫，花卉树木等的名称作为教名。
3. 教名的不同异体。
4. 采用（小名）昵称。
5. 用构词技术制造新的教名，如倒序，合并。
6. 将母亲的娘家姓氏作为中间名。
英语民族常用的男子名有：James, John, David, Daniel, Michael, 常见的
女子名为：Jane, Mary, Elizabeth, Ann, Sarah, Catherine.
II. 昵称：昵称包括爱称、略称和小名，是英语民族亲朋好友间常来表示亲切的称呼， 是在教名的基础上派生出来的。通常有如下情况：
1. 保留首音节。如 Donald => Don, Timothy => Tim. 如果本名以元音开头， 则可派生出以'N'打头的昵称，如：Edward => Ned.
2. +ie 或 -y 如：Don => Donnie, Tim => Timmy.
3. 采用尾音节，如：Anthony => Tony, Beuben => Ben.
4. 由一个教名派生出两个昵称，如：Andrew => Andy & Drew.
5. 不规则派生法，如：William 的一个昵称是 Bill.
III 语法：
英国人在很长的一段时间里只有名而没有姓。直到16世纪姓氏的使用才广泛 流行开来。英语姓氏的词源主要有：
1. 直接借用教名，如 Clinton.
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2. 在教名上加上表示血统关系的词缀，如后缀-s, -son, -ing；前缀 M'-, Mc-,
Mac-, Fitz- 等均表示某某之子或后代。
3. 在教名前附加表示身份的词缀，如 St.-, De-, Du=, La-, Le-.
4. 放映地名，地貌或环境特征的，如 Brook, Hill等。
5. 放映身份或职业的，如：Carter, Smith.
6. 放映个人特征的，如：Black, Longfellow.
7. 借用动植物名的，如 Bird, Rice.
8. 由双姓合并而来，如 Burne-Jones.
英语姓氏虽然出现较教名晚，但数量要多得多。常用的有：Smith, Miller,
Johnson, Brown, Jones, Williams.
IV. 几点说明：
1. 较早产生的源于圣经，希腊罗马神话的教名通常不借用为姓氏。
2. 英国人习惯上将教名和中间名全部缩写，如 M. H. Thatcher；美国人则习惯 于只缩写中间名，如 Ronald W. Reagan。
3. 在姓名之前有时还要有人际称谓，如职务军衔之类。Dr., Prof., Pres. 可以
用于姓氏前或姓名前；而Sir 仅用于教名或姓名前。
男/englishcorner/background/malename.htm
女/englishcorner/background/femalename.htm
二)四季名称：
春天：Spring
Spring is a delightful season. The temperatures are moderate, and the blooming trees and flowers make the city bright with colors. This is the time when we can begin to wear lighter and more brightly colored clothes and go outdoors more often. Smaller children like to bring their kites out to the spacious square. Also I enjoy going back to the village on this holiday after being in the city for the winter months.
春天是个让人欣喜的季节.气温适中,挂满绿叶的树和盛开的花朵给城市增添了明亮的色彩.在这个时节里,我们可以穿上轻便靓丽的衣服经常出门去了.小孩子们则喜欢在广阔的天空中放风筝.在城里呆了一个冬天之后,我也喜欢回到村子里度假.
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夏天： Summer
Summer is the great season for all sports in the open air. It is the season for football which is often called the national sport because of its popularity. I usually watch television and read the newspaper reports about the football results of the little leagues. During the summer I like to go to the beach often because it is very close to my home. I usually go there during the summer vacation to relax after many months in school in the city. I feel very comfortable with the familiar quiet life of the villagers.
夏天是户外运动最好的季节.这是一个橄榄球的季节,橄榄球由于广受欢迎被称为全民运动.我常常看电视,看报纸,从报道中获得小联盟橄榄球赛的比赛结果.夏日里,我喜欢经常去海滩,因为那里离我家不远.在城里的学校呆了几个月后,暑假我常常去那里放松一下.此处有我很熟悉的村民们的宁静生活,这让我倍感舒适.
秋天：Autumn
For me the autumn or fall starts in September when school starts its new term. I usually do some shopping. The mild weather made it very nice to study outside under the trees in a small park close to my house. I like to look up the leaves changing colors from green to red and yellow, and then brown colors. The park also has many bright fall flowers; sometimes I see a small squirrel coming down from the tree to hunt for food on the ground. On the weekends, I sometimes like to fly my kite. Usually on the street corners you can see street peddlers selling warm baked sweet potatoes. This is a nice time of the year.
我觉得秋天是在9月份新学期开始的时候来临.我常常要去买一些东西.宜人的天气让我感觉在离家不远的小公园的树下学习是件非常惬意的事.我喜欢抬起头看蓍枝头上的树叶由绿变红,变黄,然后再变褐.公园里还有许多鲜艳的秋花.有时我会见到小松鼠从树上跳到地上觅食.在周末,我有时会去放风筝.在街头的拐角处,常常会有街头小贩在卖烤红薯.秋天是一年中的好时节.
冬天：Winter
Winter is very cold and windy in most parts of China. I usually look forward to the Spring Festival and the winter holiday when I can go to the south where the climate is warmer during these holidays. Also, I look forward to seeing my grandparents and my friends. Winter is the time everyone is in a festive mood. In the city, I usually do a lot of reading at home in the winter because of eh cold weather outside.
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中国大部分地区的冬天是即冷又有风的。我总是盼望着春节或寒假，到时候我就可以去南方了，当地的气候在这时会暖和的多。我也盼望着去探望我的祖父母和我的朋友。冬天，每个人都怀着喜庆的心情。在城里，冬天的时候我经常待在家里尽情地看书，因为外面的天气非常的冷。
一) 十二个月份的由来
公历一年有12个月，但不少人并不知道12 个月的英语名称的来历。公历起源于古罗马历法。罗马的英语原来只有10 个月，古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾，后来朱里斯*凯撒大帝把这两个月移到年初，成为1月.2月，原来的1月.2月便成了3月.4月，依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。
January——1月
在罗马传说中，有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神，生有先后两副脸，一副回顾过去，一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名，很有意义。英语January，便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。
February——2月
每年2 月初，罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒，欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天，人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子，抽打不育的妇女，以求怀孕生子。这一天，人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过，洗刷自己的灵魂，求得神明的饶恕，使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语2月Feb ruary，便是由拉丁文Februar-ius（即菲勃卢姆节）演变而来。
March-----3月
3月，原是罗马旧历法的1 月，新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后，原来的1月变成3月，但罗马人仍然把3 月看做是一年的开始。另外，按照传统习惯，3月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯，人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为3月的月名。英语3月 March，便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。
April——4月
罗马的4月，正是大地回春.鲜花初绽的美好季节。英文4月April便由拉丁文April（即开花的日子）演变而来。
May——5月
罗马神话中的女神玛雅，专门司管春天和生命。为了纪念这位女神，罗马人便用她的名字——拉丁文Maius命名5月，英文5月May便由这位女神的名字演变而来。 June——6月
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罗马神话中的裘诺，是众神之王，又是司管生育和保护妇女的神。古罗马对她十分崇敬，便把6月奉献给她，以她的名字——拉丁文Junius来命名6 月。英语6月June便由这位女神的名字演变而来。也有学者认为，Junius可能是个代拉丁家族中一个显赫贵族的姓氏。
July——7月
罗马统治者朱里斯*凯撒大帝被刺死后，著名的罗马将军马克*按东尼建议将凯撒大帝诞生的7月，用凯撒的名字——拉丁文Julius（即朱里斯）命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语7月July由此演变而来。
August——8月
朱里斯*凯撒死后，由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和凯撒齐名，他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在9月，但他选定8月。因为他登基后，罗马元老院在8 月授予他Augustus（奥古斯都）的尊号。于是，他决定用这个尊号来命名8月。原来8月比7月少一天，为了和凯撒平起平坐，他又决定从2月中抽出一天加在8月上。从此，2月便少了一天。英语8月August便由这位皇帝的拉丁语尊号演变而来。 September——9月
老历法的7月，正是凯撒大帝改革历法后的9月，拉丁文Septem是“7”月的意思。虽然历法改革了，但人们仍袭用旧名称来称呼9月。英语9月September，便由 此演变而来。
October——10月
英语10月，来自拉丁文Octo，即“8”的意思。它和上面讲的9月一样，历法改了，称呼仍然沿用未变。
November——11月
罗马皇帝奥古斯都和凯撒都有了自己名字命名的月份，罗马市民和元老院要求当时的罗马皇帝梯比里乌斯用其名命名11月。但梯比里乌斯没有同意，他明智地对大家说，如果罗马每个皇帝都用自己的名字来命名月份，那么出现了第13个皇帝怎么办？于是，11月仍然保留着旧称Novem，即拉丁文“9”的意思。英语11月November便由此演变而来。
December——12月
罗马皇帝琉西乌斯要把一年中最后一个月用他情妇的Amagonius的名字来命名，但遭但元老院的反对。于是，12月仍然沿用旧名Decem，即拉丁文“10”的意思。英语 - 71 -
12月December，便由此演变而来。
三) 节日
圣诞节（Christmas）
圣诞节是欧美国家一年中最重要的节日。它原本是耶稣基督（Jesus christ）诞辰纪念日，如今已成为西方国家全民性的节日，颇似中国的春节。圣诞节定于每年12月25日，而圣诞节节期（Christmas Season）往往持续二周。这段时期里，雪片般的贺卡飞往世界各地，电话线、通讯网频繁地传递人们的祝福和问候；大街小巷粉饰一新，商店橱窗前大减价、大拍卖的广告格外醒目；到处可见人们拎着大包小包的节日用品匆匆而过，到处可听见欢快的歌声和笑声。车站、机场里此时挤满了盼望回家的人群，因为圣诞节也是家人团聚的日子。无论外出多远，人们都会想方设法赶回家与亲人团聚。 新年（New Year's Day）
在西方国家，尽管圣诞节才是最大的节日，新年在人们心目中仍占有不可替代的重要地位。除夕之夜（New Year's Day）晚会是庆祝新年到来必不可少的活动。西方各国的人们都喜欢在欢快的乐曲和绚丽的光彩中喜气洋洋地度过一年的最后一个夜晚。此时，化装晚会特别受欢迎。来宾们把尊严和谨慎藏在面具之后，打扮得稀奇古怪。大家无拘无束，尽情玩乐，与平日的行为大相径庭。在英美两国，午夜钟声一响，参加晚会的人们还要手拉手高唱"友谊地久天长"这首著名的苏格兰民歌。
情人节（Valentine's day ）
每年2月14 日 ，在春回大地之时，欧美各地的人们都会欢度情人节（又名“圣瓦伦丁节”）。在这个充满了浪漫与幻想的节日里，情侣位互拆衷肠。许多人选择这一天订婚、结婚；各地 的大学、中学 和一些团体俱乐部主办热闹非凡的情人舞会；商店里推出各种表达柔情蜜意的礼品，剧院里演出以爱情为主题的戏剧节目，报刊杂志则刊登永志史书的罗曼史??
愚人节（April fool's Day）
一年中有一天西方国家的人可以名正言顺地说谎，取笑别人，当然也会被人取笑。不仅如此，谁编造的谎言最离奇，最能骗人，那么他就会荣获“桂冠”。在这个尽情开玩笑的日子里，有些玩笑虽然开得过火，近乎恶作剧，可是人们并不在意，因为大家都知道这一天是愚人节。
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复活节 （Easter）
复活节是为了纪念耶稣被钉上十字架，3天后死而复活的基督教节日。它是基督教与古代所谓异教风俗的结合物。据说复活节（Easter）一词源于盎格鲁撒克逊民族神话中黎明女神的名字Eostre。它的愿意是指冬日逝去后，春天的太阳从东方升起，把新生命带回。由于该词喻意新生，于是被基督教教徒借用过来表示生命、光明、欢乐的恩赐者耶稣再次回到人间。按照习俗，复活节的日期是3月21日起月圆后的第一个星期日。如果月圆正值星期日，则要顺延至下一个星期日。历年复活节的实际日期最早可在3月22日，最晚则要挪到4月25日。根据各国不同的规定，人们都会或多或少休假几天。一般来，大学都从复活节开始放春假，假期长达三四周，短的也有一两周。过去，在多数西方国家里，复活节一般要举行盛大的宗教游行。游行者身穿长袍，手持十字架，赤足前进。他们打扮成基督教历史人物，唱着颂歌欢庆耶稣复活。如今节日游行已失去往日浓厚的宗教色彩。节日游行洋溢着喜庆的气氛，具有浓烈的民间特色和地方特色。在美国，游行队伍中即有身穿牛仔服踩高跷的小丑，也有活泼可爱的卡通人物米老鼠。在英国，游行多以介绍当地的历史和风土人情为主，游行者化装成为苏格兰风笛乐队以及皇宫卫士，吸引了众多的游客。复活节的到来还使人们纷纷换上新衣。过去基督教教徒会在节前去教堂行洗礼，然后穿上自己的新袍，庆祝基督的新生。穿戴一新的习俗保留至今，因为人们认为节日里不穿新衣是要倒运的。复活节期间，人们还喜欢彻底打扫自己的住处，表示新生活从此开始。
万圣节前夕（Halloween）
假如你在10月的某一天徜徉在美国、英国或爱尔兰等国的街头，忽然发现到处挂满了面目狰狞鬼脸。商店门外的音箱不时发出鬼怪凄厉的叫声，你应该立刻意识到一年一度的万圣节（All Saints's Day or All Holy Ones' Day ）再次来临了。
二) 英语的产生源于英国的几次对外侵略
第一次涉及到三个部落：盎格鲁，朱特和撒克逊三个部落。这三个部落语言的混合形成了盎格鲁-撒克逊语言或者叫做古代英语。它听起来其实很像德语。目前只有很少一部分词仍然被生活在英国的凯尔特人使用。
VOICE ONE: This is Steve Ember.
VOICE TWO: And this is Shirley Griffith with the VOA Special English program, EXPLORATIONS. Today we present the second of our two programs about the history of the English Language.
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VOICE ONE: Last week, we told how the English language developed as a result of several invasions of Britain. The first involved three tribes called the Angles, the Jutes and the Saxons. A mix of their languages produced a language called Anglo-Saxon, or Old English. It sounded very much like German. Only a few words remained from the Celts who had lived in Britain.
Two more invasions added words to Old English. The Vikings of Denmark, Norway and Sweden arrived in Britain more than one thousand years ago. The next invasion took place in the year ten sixty-six. French forces from Normandy were led by a man known as William the Conqueror.
The Norman rulers added many words to English. The words "parliament," "jury,""justice,"and others that deal with law come from the Norman rulers.
VOICE TWO: Over time, the different languages combined to result in what English experts call Middle English. While Middle English still sounds similar to German, it also begins to sound like Modern English.
VOICE TWO: Here Warren Scheer reads the very beginning of Geoffrey Chaucer's great poem, "The Canterbury Tales"as it was written in Middle English.
VOICE ONE: Chaucer wrote that poem in the late thirteen hundreds. It was written in the language of the people. The rulers of Britain at that time still spoke the Norman French they brought with them in ten sixty-six.
The kings of Britain did not speak the language of the people until the early fourteen hundreds. Slowly, Norman French was used less and less until it disappeared.
VOICE TWO: The English language was strongly influenced by an event that took place more than one thousand four hundred years ago. In the year five ninety-seven, the Roman Catholic Church began its attempt to make Christianity the religion of Britain.
The language of the Catholic Church was Latin. Latin was not spoken as a language in any country at that time. But it was still used by some people.
Latin made it possible for a church member from Rome to speak to a church member from Britain. Educated people from different countries could communicate using Latin.
Latin had a great affect on the English language. Here are a few examples. The Latin word "discus" became several words in English including "disk," "dish,"and "desk." The Latin word" - 74 -
quietus"became the English word "quiet." Some English names of plants such as ginger and trees such as cedar come from Latin. So do some medical words such as cancer.
VOICE ONE: English is a little like a living thing that continues to grow. English began to grow more quickly when William Caxton returned to Britain in the year fourteen seventy-six. He had been in Holland and other areas of Europe where he had learned printing. He returned to Britain with the first printing press.
The printing press made it possible for almost anyone to buy a book. It helped spread education and the English language.
VOICE TWO: Slowly, during the fifteen hundreds English became the modern language we would recognize. English speakers today would be able to communicate with English speakers in the last part of the Sixteenth Century.
It was during this time period that the greatest writer in English produced his work. His name was William Shakespeare. His plays continue to be printed, acted in theaters, and seen in motion pictures almost four hundred years after his death.
VOICE ONE: Experts say that Shakespeare's work was written to be performed on the stage, not to be read. Yet every sound of his words can produce word pictures, and provide feelings of anger, fear, and laughter. Shakespeare's famous play "Romeo and Juliet"is so sad that people cry when they see this famous story.
The story of the power hungry King Richard the Third is another very popular play by Shakespeare. Listen as Shep O'Neal reads the beginning, of "Richard the Third."
VOICE TWO: The development of the English language took a giant step just nine years before the death of William Shakespeare. Three small British ships crossed the Atlantic Ocean in sixteen-oh-seven. They landed in an area that would later become the southern American state of Virginia. They began the first of several British colonies. The name of the first small colony was Jamestown.
VOICE TWO: In time, people in these new colonies began to call areas of their new land by words borrowed from the native people they found living there. For example, many of the great rivers in the United States are taken from American Indian words. The Mississippi, the Tennessee, the Missouri are examples. Other Native American words included "moccasin" the kind of shoe made of animal skin that Indians wore on their feet. This borrowing or - 75 -
adding of foreign words to English was a way of expanding the language. The names of three days of the week are good examples of this. The people from Northern Europe honored three gods with a special day each week. The gods were Odin, Thor and Freya. Odin's-day became Wednesday in English, Thor's-day became Thursday and Freya's-day became Friday. VOICE ONE: Britain had other colonies in Africa, Asia, the Caribbean, and India. The English language also became part of these colonies. These colonies are now independent, but English still is one of the languages spoken. And the English language grew as words from the native languages were added.
For example, the word "shampoo"for soap for the hair came from India. "Banana"is believed to be from Africa.
Experts cannot explain many English words. For hundreds of years, a dog was called a "hound." The word is still used but not as commonly as the word "dog." Experts do not know where the word "dog"came from or when. English speakers just started using it. Other words whose origins are unknown include "fun,""bad,"and "big."
VOICE TWO: English speakers also continue to invent new words by linking old words together. A good example is the words "motor"and "hotel." Many years ago some one linked them together into the word "motel." A motel is a small hotel near a road where people travelling in cars can stay for the night.
Other words come from the first letters of names of groups or devices. A device to find objects that cannot be seen called Radio Detecting and Ranging became "Radar." The North Atlantic Treaty Organization is usually called NATO.
VOICE TWO: Experts say that English has more words that explain the same thing that any other language. For example, the words "large," "huge,""vast," "massive," and "enormous" all mean something really "big."
VOICE ONE: People often ask how many words there are in the English language. Well, no one really knows. The Oxford English Dictionary lists about six hundred fifteen thousand words. Yet the many scientific words not in the dictionary could increase the number to almost one million.
And experts are never really sure how to count English words. For example, the word "mouse." A mouse is a small creature from the rodent family. But "mouse"has another very - 76 -
different meaning. A "mouse" is also a hand-held device used to help control a computer. If you are counting words do you count "mouse" two times?
VOICE TWO: Visitors to the Voice of America hear people speaking more than forty different languages. Most broadcasters at VOA come from countries where these languages are spoken.
International organizations such as VOA would find it impossible to operate without a second language all the people speak.
The language that permits VOA to work is English. It is not unusual to see someone from the Mandarin Service talking to someone from the Urdu Service, both speaking English. English is becoming the common language of millions of people worldwide, helping speakers of many different languages communicate.
VOICE ONE: This Special English program was written and produced by Paul Thompson. This is Steve Ember.
VOICE TWO: And this is Shirley Griffith. Join us again next week for another EXPLORATIONS program, on the Voice of America.
四）Education in Britain and the US(英国和美国的教育)
In Britain all children have to go to school between the ages of 5 and 16. In the US children must go to school from the age of 6 to between the ages of 14 and 16, depending on the state they live in.
Subject
In England and Wales the subjects taught in schools are laid down by the National Curriculum(课程), which was introduced in 1988 and sets out(制定) in detail the subjects that children should study and the levels of achievement they should reach by the ages of 7, 11, 14 and 16, when they are tested. The National Curriculum does not apply in Scotland, where each school decides what subjects it will teach.
In the US the subjects taught are decided by national and local governments. Whereas British schools usually have prayers(祈祷) and religious(宗教的) instruction, American schools are not allowed to include prayers or to teach particular religious beliefs(信仰). Examinations
At 16 students in England and Wales take GCSE examinations. These examinations are - 77 -
taken by students of all levels of ability in any of a range of subjects and may involve a final examination, an assessment(评价) of work done during the two year course, or both of these things. At 18 some students taken A-level examinations, usually in not more than 3 subjects. It is necessary to have A-levels in order to go to a university or polytechnic(综合技术大学). In Scotland students take the SCE examinations. A year later, they can take examinations called HIGHS, after which they can either go straight to a university or spend a further year at school and take the Certificate(证书) of Sixth Year Studies. In Scotland the university system is different to that in England and Wales. Courses usually last four years rather than three and students study a larger number of subjects as part of their degree.
In the US school examinations are not as important as they are in Britain. Students in High Schools do have exams at the end of their last two years, but these final exams are considered along with the work that the students have done during the school years. Social Events and Ceremonies(仪式)
In American high schools there is a formal ceremony for Graduation (=completion of high school). Students wear a special cap and gown and receive a diploma(文凭) from the head of the school. Students often buy a class ring to ear, and a yearbook, containing pictures of their friends and teachers. There are also special social events at American schools. Sports events are popular, and cheer leaders lead the school in supporting the school team and singing the school song. At the end of their junior year, at age 17 or 18, students held in the evening. The girls wear long evening dresses and the boys wear TUXEDOS.
In Britain, there are no formal dances or social occasions(场合) associated(和...有关) with school life. Some schools have SPEECH DAY at the end of the school year when prizes are given to the best students and speeches are made by the head teacher and sometimes an invited guest. However, in many British schools students and teachers organize(组织) informal dances for the older students.
Government in Britain and the US
Government in Britain
National government
The center of government in Britain is PARLIAMENT(国会), which makes all the important laws for the country about crimes and punishment, taxation(犯罪), etc. Parliament - 78 -
is made up of the House of Commons, the House of Lords and the monarch(贵族). The Houses of Parliament are in Westminster in London and sometimes “Westminster” itself is used to mean Parliament.
The House of commons (or the Commons) is the lower but more powerful of the two Houses. It has 650 elected members, called Members of Parliament or MPs, each representing people in a particular area or constituency. The House of Lords (the Lords) is the higher but less powerful of the two Houses. It has over 1,000 members, none of whom is elected. These members include: people who have titles like Lord or Viscount(子爵) which have been passed down to them on the death of their father (hereditary peers(世袭贵族)); people who are given titles as a reward for their long service in public life, but whose children do not INHERIT(继承) their title (life peers); and some important leaders of the Church of England (Archbishops(大主教) and Bishops(主教)).
The government brings BILL (=suggested laws) to the House of Commons, which are discussed by MPs. The bills then go to the House of Lords to be discussed. The House of Lords can suggest changes to a bill, but does not have the power to reject it (=refuse permission for it to be passed). When bills come back to the Commons, MPs vote on them and if they are passed they are signed by the monarch and become Acts of Parliament
At present England, Scotland, Wales, and N Ireland are all governed by Parliament in Westminster. In N Ireland the political parties are different but their MPs still go to the House of Commons. In Scotland there is a lot of discussion about whether Scotland should have some separate or partly separate form of government. The same is true in Wales
Local government
Local government is Britain, also known as Councils, can make small laws (bylaws) which only apply in their area, but these are usually about small, local matters. For instance, they may be about fines that will be made for people who park in certain streets.
Councils are paid for by local taxes and also by an amount of money given to them each year by the national government. Their main job is the organizing and providing of local services, e.g. hospitals, school, libraries, public transport, street-cleaning, etc. They are also responsible for setting the amount of local tax that people must pay and for collecting this tax.
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Local councils(议会) are elected by people within each town, city, or country area. The people who are elected, known as councilors, usually represent one of the national political parties, but are often elected because of their policies on local issues(问题) rather than the national policies of their party.
Government in the US
All levels of government in the US (federal(联邦), state, and local) are elected by the people of the country.
Federal government
The constitution of the US specifically limits the power of the federal (=national) government mainly to defence(国防), foreign affairs, printing money, controlling trade and relations between the states, and protecting human rights. The federal government is make up of the CONGRESS(国会), the President, and the Supreme Count(最高法院).
Congress
Congress, the central law-making body in the US, is made up of the House of Representatives and the Senate. The House of Representatives is the lower but more important of the two houses of Congress. It has 435 members, called Representatives or Congressmen/Congresswomen elected by their state. The member of Representative(代表) for each state depends on the size of the population of the state, with each state having at least one Representative. The Senate is the higher but less powerful of the two houses of Congress. It has 100 members, called Senators(参议院), elected by their state. Each state has two Senators.
Congress decides whether a BILL (suggested law) becomes law. If the Senate and the House of Representative both agree to a bill, the President is asked to agree.
The President can veto(=say no to) the bill(议案), but Congress can still make it a law if 2/3 of the members of each house agree to it.
State government
State government has the greatest influence in people’s daily lives. Each state has its own written Constitution(宪法) (set of fixed law), and among the state there are sometimes great differences in law on matters such as property, crime, health, and education. The highest elected official of each state is the Governor. Each state also has one or two elected - 80 -
lawmaking bodies (state Legislature) whose members represent the various parts of the state.
Local government
Local government concerns laws made at the town, city or county level. These laws are usually limited to a small area and concern such thing as traffic, where and when alcoholic drinks can be sold, or keeping animals. The highest elected official of a town or city Council. Every law at every level of government must be in agreement with(一致) the United States constitution. Any citizen who thinks he or she has not been given their rights under the law may argue their case through all the courts up to the Supreme Court (the final Court of Appeal in the US) if necessary, and any law which is found not in agreement with the constitution (unconstitutional) cannot be kept in force.
Newspapers in Britain and the US
Newspapers in Britain
National and local papers
In Britain there are 11 national daily newspapers and most people read one of them every day. There are two kinds of newspaper. One is large in size and has many detailed articles about national and international events. These newspapers are called the serious papers or the quality papers. The other kind, called the tabloids is smaller in size, have more pictures, often in colour, and shorter articles, often about less important events or about the private lives of well-know people. Although some people disapprove(反对) of the tabloids(小报), more people buy them than buy the serious newspaper. The Sun, for example, which is a tabloid, is the biggest-selling newspaper in Britain. People who disapprove of the tabloids very strongly sometimes call them the Gutter Press.
There are daily or weekly newspapers in all parts of Britain which cover local news as well as some national and international stories. Local papers give information about films, concerts, and other things that are happening in the local neighborhood, including, for example, information about local people who have been married or died recently. National papers generally give information about film, concerts and other events happening in London, In Scotland, many people read the Glasgow Herald or the Scotsman and there are Scottish Editions of the tabloids.
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There also many free local newspapers which are delivered to people’s homes whether they ask for them or not. These contain a lot of advertisements(广告) and also some news. Politics
Most national newspapers in Britain express a political opinion and people choose the newspaper that they read according to their own political beliefs. Most of the newspapers are right-wing. These are the Daily Telegraph(serious newspaper), the Daily express, Daily Mail, Daily Star, the Sun and Today(all tabloids). Of the other serious newspapers, The Times, the oldest newspaper in Britain, did not formerly have one strong political view but it is now more right-wing. The Guardian is slightly left-wing, the Independent is centre and the Financial(金融) with political issues, but reports on business and financial news. The Daily Mirror(tabloid) is left-wing.
Daily and Sunday newspapers
Daily newspapers are published on every day of the week except Sunday. Sunday newspapers are larger than daily newspapers, often having 2 or 3 sections. There is also other a magazine, called the colour supplement(增刊). All the Sunday newspapers are national Serious newspapers include the Observer(which is slightly left-wing), the Sunday Times, the Sunday Telegraph and the Independent on Sunday, the Sunday Mirror, the Sunday Express, the News of the World and the Sunday Sport which is considered to lack much serious information.
Newspapers in The US
National and local newspapers
There are more than 1500 daily newspapers in the US. Each one is usually sold only in one part of the country, e.g. in a city, but they cover national and international news. In larger cities there is often more than one newspaper and the different ones express different political opinions. Some newspapers are sold in nearly all parts of the US. E.g. USA today and the National edition of the New York Times. Two other newspapers, the Los Angeles Times and the Washington Post are know and respected all over the US but cannot be bought everywhere. Other important newspapers are: the Boston Globe, sold in New England, the Chicago Tribune, sold in the Midwest, the Christian Science Monitor and USA Today, both sold nationally, and the Washington Post on the East Coast.
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There are also weekly newspapers in all parts of the US which cover local news, such as what is happening in the local neighborhood(地方). Fewer people read these than read the daily newspapers.
Daily and Sunday newspapers
Daily newspapers are published on every day of the week except Sunday. Sunday newspapers are very big, often having several separate parts. They contain many longer articles and a lot of advertisements. Each section deals with a different subject. E.g. national and international news, sport, travel, etc. One section, the classifieds(分类广告) has advertisements for jobs and things for sale. Another section is called the funnies. There is often also a magazine which is in color.
Alternative newspapers
In the 1960s a group of newspapers began to appear that were later called in “alternative press”. They expressed extreme(极端的) political opinions, especially left-wing opinion. Many of the newspapers which were part of this movement, such as the Village Voice in New York or the Reader in Chicago, are less extreme today and more widely read. Law in Britain and the US
In both Britain and the US, when a person is accused of a rime it must be shown that they are guilty "beyond reasonable doubt". A person is always innocent(无罪) in the eyes of the law until they have been proved to be guilty by a court they can sometimes ask for permission to APPEAL(上诉) to a higher court in the hope that it will change this decision. Criminal law in England and Wales
When someone is arrested (ARREST) by the police, a MAGISTRATE (=an official who judges cases in some types of courts) decides whether there is enough EVIDENCE(证据) against the person for the case to go to court. If there is enough evidence and the case is a serious one, the person accused(控告) of the crime (called 'the accused(被告)') is sent to a CROWN COURT for a TRIAL with a JUDGE and JURY (=12 members of the public who have to decide if the accused is guilty(有罪的), then the judge decides the SENTENCE(判决) (2) (=punishment). If there is enough evidence against the accused but the crime is not a serious one (for example a traffic offence) then the case is heard in a MAGISTRATES COURT.
If found guilty in the Crown Court the accused may apply to(请求) the COURT OF - 83 -
APPEAL (Criminal Division) where he or she will be heard by a judge. Sometimes a HIGH COURT judge from the Queen's Bench Division assists in dealing with criminal matters in the Court of Appeal or Crown Court.
Criminal law in Northern Ireland
In Northern Ireland, as in England and Wales, someone accused of a crime may be tried in a Magistrates' Court or a Crown Court depending on how serious the crime is. Appeals from the Crown Court are heard in the Northern Ireland Court of Appeal.
Criminal law in Scotland
Scotland has a separate court system. After a person is arrested by the police, an official called the PROCURATOR FISCAL is in charge of deciding whether there is enough evidence against the accused for a trial. If there is enough evidence and the crime is a very serious one, the accused is sent to the HIGH COURT OF JUSTICIARY where there is a judge and jury(陪审团) (in Scotland there are 15 people on a jury). If there is enough evidence but the crime is a less serious one, the case is heard in a SHERIFF COURT (The sheriff is a trained lawyer who acts as a judge). Appeals from the Sheriff Court go to the High Court of Justiciary. Criminal law in the US
The US has tow separate court systems. In general terms STATE COURTS are used when someone has done something against the laws of CONSTITUTION of a particular State. FEDERAL COURTS deal with cases to do with the laws and Constitution of the United States as whole. Federal courts also hear cases where the US Government is one of the sides involved(介入). Cases for crimes which are not serious are likely to be heard in state courts. Serious crimes may be tried in wither state courts of federal courts depending on the situation, for example cases where a crime has taken place in another state are often heard in federal courts.
After a person has been arrested a magistrate(地方官员), or in some cases a GRAND JURY made up of between 16 and 23 citizens, decides whether they should go to trial. If there is enough evidence for a trial the accused goes to court and has to state whether he/she is guilty or not guilty of the crime. If they say they are not guilty they are sent to trial with a judge and jury (of 16 or 20 citizens) in either a State or COUNTY COURT or, in federal cases, a DISTRICT COURT. If the accused is found guilty they may have the fight to appeal to a - 84 -
higher court, as shown below.
The final court of appeal in the US federal system and for some cases in the state courts is the US SUPREME COURT. It is made up of a CHIEF JUSTICE and eight ASSOCIATES. The accused does not have the fight to be heard by the Supremes Court, but the Supreme Court decides which cases it will hear.
Holiday in Britain and the US
Paid Holiday
People in the US get 2 weeks a year paid vacation (holiday) form their job. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain that tow weeks is not enough holiday, especially when they hear about the longer holidays that Europeans get. In addition, there are 8 days in each country, which are public holidays (the British call Bank Holiday) and many of these fall on a Monday giving people a long weekend. In Britain, so many people drive to another part of the country, especially the coast, on Bank Holiday weekends that there are serious traffic jams, which may stretch(长达) for many miles. Popular Holiday Places
With the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example at the Grand Canyon or Yosemite or Yellowstone or the national parks or forests. Yong people may go walking or camping in the mountains. Many people have capers or small trailer(拖车) in which to travel, or if they are in a car, they may stay at Motels on the journey Disneyland and Disneyworld are also popular and people can to skiing in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Wyoming and Montana.
It is also very common to use vacations to visit relatives who may live in states a long distance away. Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation form school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts.
When Americans want a holiday for sun and rest, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, and places of historic interest.
In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Blackpool, Scarborough and Bournemouth, where there is plenty to do even if it rains. In a traditional British seaside holiday, the children can watch a Punch and Judy Show, - 85 -
eat candy floss and rock (=sweet) and make sandcastles, while older people can hire a deckchair to sit on the beach. People also like to go to go the country, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake District.
When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and 'Spanish islands of Majorca and Ibiza are popular as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps.
Medicine in Britain and American
Medicine in Britain
In Britain there is a National Health Service (NHS) which is paid for by taxes and National Insurance(保险), and in general people do not have to pay for medical treatment. Every person is registered with a doctor in their local area, know as general practitioner or GP. This means that their name is on the GP's list, and they may make an appointment to see the doctor or may call the doctor out to visit them if they are ill. People do sometimes have to pay part of the cost of drugs that the doctor prescribes(开处方). GPs are trained in general medicine but are not specialists in any particular subject. If a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, they must first go to their GP and then the GP will make an appointment(预约) for the patient to see a specialist at a hospital or clinic.
Although everyone in Britain can have free treatment under the National Health Service. It is also possible to have treatment done privately, for which one has to pay, Some people have private health insurance to help them pay for private treatment. Under the NHS, people who need to go to hospital may have to wait for a long time on a waiting list for their treatment. If they pay for the treatment, they will probably get it quickly.
Anyone who is very ill can call an ambulance(救护车) and get taken to hospital for free urgent medical treatment. Ambulances are a free service in Britain.
Medicine in the US
Unlike Britain, the US does not have a national health care service. The government does help pay for some medical care for people who are on low incomes and for old, but most people buy insurance to help pay for medical care. Some people cannot afford insurance but not poor enough to get government help. The cost of medical insurance and the problems of those who can not afford it are an important political subject.
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When people are ill, they usually go first to a general practitioner or internist. Unlike in Britain, however, people sometimes go straight to a specialist, without seeing their general practitioner first. Children are usually taken to a pediatrician (a doctor who is a specialist in the treatment of children). As in Britain, if a patient needs to see a specialist doctor, their general doctor will usually give them the name of one.
Doctors don not go to people's homes when they are ill. People always make appointments to see the doctor in the doctor's office. In emergencies(急诊), people call for an ambulance. Hospital must treat all emergency patients, even if the patient does not have medical insurance. The government would then help pay for some of the cost of the medical care.
Social Class in Britain
British society is considered to be divided into three main groups of classes - the Upper Class, the Middle Class, and the Lower or Working Class. This is known as the Class system and it is important to know something about it if you want to understand British people and society. Most British people grow up with a deep knowledge and understanding of the class system even if they are not very conscious(意识到) of it. Most people know which class they belong to by the way they speak, their clothes, their interests or even the type of food they eat.
Social class is not only about behavior and attitudes, For example, although many upper class people are rich and may own a lot of land, having a lot of money does not make a person upper class. It is also important to come from a particular kind of family, have friends who are considered suitable, have been to a certain type of private school and speak with the right kind of accent. There are people who are poor but who do not think of themselves as working class because their family background, education, political opinions, etc. are different to those of most working-class people. Many people do not like the class system but it is impossible to pretend that these differences do not exist or that British people do not sometimes form opinions in this way. Pubs in Britain
Pubs are an important part of British life. Even very small villages nearly always have a pub. People especially men, will often go to the pub for a drink in the evening and at weekends. A man will usually go to the same pub, one which is closed by and which is called - 87 -
the local: I'm just nipping down to the local for a print. Women now go to pubs more than they used to, but usually don not like to go to a pub on their own. Children under 16 are not usually allowed into pubs, although some pubs have a children's room or a garden where children can sit.
Until 1988, pubs were only allowed to be open from 12:00 am to 2:00 pm alcoholic drink can be sold in a public place are called the licensing laws. Even though the law was changed so that alcohol can now be sold all day, many pubs still only pen at lunchtime and in the evening. When it is nearly time for the pub to close, the landlord or landlady shouts "last orders" and then "time".
Pubs often sell food or snacks as well as drinks. Food that is considered typical pub food is scampi (kind of shellfish) and chips (fried potatoes), pie and chips, chicken and chips, and ploughman's lunch (bread with cheese).
Pubs have names, e.g. The Angel, The Black Swan, The Crown, The King's Arms, The Red Lion, The White Horse, etc. and people usually refer to the pub by its name: Turn left at the Rose and Crown. There is often a sing outside the pub showing the name with a picture. Many pubs have two or more different bars. The public bar is usually plainly furnished and often has a pool table and dartboard. It is the bar usually used by the local people. The saloon bar is comfortable and well-furnished(装修很好的) and is the bar that is usually used by men and woman drinking together.
Sports in Britain and the US
Football in Britain and America
Football(soccer AmE) is a very popular sport in Britain, played between August and May (the football season) Many people, esp. men, support a particular team and may go to watch the games that their team plays. Professional football is controlled by two organizations, the Football League and the Football Association (the FA). In England and Wales, there 93 teams in the League, organized into four divisions(区）. In Scotland, there are 38 teams in the League, organized into three divisions. Teams play regularly against the other teams in their league or division according to a fixed programme. At the end of the season the team in the Premier League (or the Premier Division in Scotland) with the most points is the League Champion. This competition is called the League Championship.
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The other important competition is the FA Cup, often just called the cup.This is open to all armature football teams that belong to the FA as well as the 93 professional（专业） teams. The teams play against each other in a Knockout competition which starts in August and ends in May. The two teams left in the competition play in the FA Cup Final at Wembley Stadium in London. This is a very important national sporting occasion, watched by millions of people in television.
Team names usu. include the name of the town or city where the team is based, e.g. Leeds United, Sheffield Wednesday, Wolverhamptom Wanderers (Wolves), Dundee United, etc.
Football(American football BrE) is a very popular sport in the US. Many people, esp. men, support a particular team and watch the game that their team plays. Each team has a name, which usually includes the name of the town or city that the team is associated with, Some examples of names are: New York Jets, Washington Redskins, New England Patriots, and Green Bay Packers.
The season starts in early autumn and ends at the end of January with the Super Bowl, which is the NFL championship game. The two teams that play in the Super Bowl are determined by games within the divisions and conferences. The Super Bowl is only one game and at the end of the game, they have a sudden-death play-off, in which the first team to gain points wins the game. Professional football games are organized in the US in the following way: National Football League are divided into two conferences: One is National Football Conference（国家足协） and the other is American Football Conference. Both of them have 14 teams and three divisions.
Basket Ball and Base Ball in The U.S
Basketball is a very popular sport in the US. Many people, esp., men support a particular team and watch the games that their team plays.
Each team has a name, which usually includes the name of the town or city that the team is associated （有关）with. Some examples of names are: Boston Cetics, Chicago Bulls, Denver Nuggets, and Los Angeles Lakers.
The plying season runs from autumn to late spring. Teams with each division play against each other, and against teams from the other divisions within the conferences. The best - 89 -
teams from each other (the NBA Championship). The first team to win four of these games is the NBA champion. Professional basketball games are organized in the US in the following way: National Basketball Association (NBA) has two conferences, Eastern conference and Western conference. The Eastern conference has two divisions, Atlantic division with 6 teams and Central division with 7 teams and Western conference has two divisions, Midwest division with 7 teams and Pacific division with 7 teams.
Baseball is a very popular sport in the US where it is often called the National pastime（消遣）. Many people, esp., men support a particular team and watch the games that their team plays.
Each team has a name, which usually includes the name of the town or city that the team is associated with. Some examples of names are: Boston Red Sox, Minnesota Twins, Chicago Cubs, and Houston Astros.
The two leagues together are know as the major leagues. The plying season runs from late spring to October. The winning team in each league is called the pennant champion. In October, the two pennant champions play against each other in seven games call the world series. The team that wins four games is the champion. Professional baseball games are organized in the US
in the following way. There are two leagues, National League with 12 teams and American League with 14 teams. National League has Eastern division and Western division and American League also has Eastern division and Western division.
Cricket（板球） and Rugby（橄榄球） in Britain
Cricket is a very popular sport in Britain, played mainly in the summer. Professional cricket is controlled by the MCC(the Marylebone Cricket Club). The main competition is the county championship, in which the 18 county cricket clubs play against one another during the season. Each match takes 3-4 days to complete.
The other form of cricket is called Limited overs (or one-day) cricket. in which matches are completed in a day. There is a limited-overs championship, played on Sundays. There are also two knockout competitions（淘汰赛）, the finals（决赛） of which are played at the Lord's Cricket ground in London.
International matches are called test matches( or tests) and can takes 5 days to complete. - 90 -
They are played between the following teams: Australia, England, India, New Zealand, Pakistan, South African, Sri Lanka, and the West Indies. When England and Australia play test matches against one another, they are said to be playing for the ashes.
Many people consider cricket to be England's national game and to be typical of a style of behavior thought to be very English which includes above all a sense of honor and fairness. It is traditionally played by men and boys and although there are some women's teams, including a national one, the most important cricket club in England (the MCC) voted in 1991 not to accept
women members.
There are two forms of rugby football played in Britain, rugby union and rugby league. rugby union is played by amateurs （业余爱好者）(they are not paid). There are 15 players on each team. Rugby union is played internationally between many countries including Australia, Fiji, France, south Africa, Argentina, England, Ireland, Wales, Scotland, and New Zealand. In Britain it is played especially in public schools.
Rugby league is a professional game, played mainly in England and Australia). There are 13 players on each team, and the rules are slightly different from rugby union. It is thought to be a rough, hard game. 2006-9-14 17:02:00 0gigi123456
Why American Culture is Unique
American culture is unique because it is nurtured, formed and developed under certain conditions, which are characteristically(特性)American. The major factors contributing to the making of this new nation and the forming of a new culture are the hard environment, ethnic diversity(多民族) and plural religion, which is quite different from other nations in the world. What is more, these elements are still influencing the American culture.
1. Rough Environment
The early immigrants who were English Puritans settled down in northeast part of American. The environment there was very rough but they believed the poor land could purify their mind so they chose the place along the coast. From 1607 to 1892, frontiers were pushed further west. The American frontier consisted of the relatively unsettled regions of the United States, usually found in the western part of the country. The frontiersmen looked for a land of rich resources and a land of promise, opportunity and freedom. Actually they - 91 -
looked for a better life. So individualism, self-reliance, and equality of opportunity have perhaps been the values most closely associated with the frontier heritage(遗产) of American.
2. Ethnic Diversity
The population of the United States includes a large variety of ethnic groups coming from many races, nationalities, and religions. People refer to the United States as "melting pot "and the dominant people are British. American is made up of WASP+MM, that is, White, Anglo Saxon, Protestants plus Middle Class and Male. In history, people from different countries in the world rushed to American three times. They brought their own culture to American and later on different cultures were mixed together. Thus the unique American culture is formed, a common cultural life with commonly shared values.
3. Plural religion
The fundamental American belief in individual freedom and the right of individuals to practice their own religion is at the center of religious experience in the United States. The great diversity of ethnic backgrounds has produced religious pluralism; almost all of the religions of the world are now practiced in the United States. Christianity(基督教) is the dominant religion in American and Protestant (新教)is predominate(主导). Any individuals are equal before God and they believe they can communicate directly to God so they can share the same idea. Under the protestant, many new ones are formed and different explanations produce different sect of religion. Churches are independent and American religion is no longer religion seculars. The institution permits the practice of religion and the political power is separate form religion. So there are more religions in American than in other countries.
4. Current influence:
Nowadays, we can see the continual influence of the three elements in the current American society. American family is typically parents and their unmarried children. Middle-aged and elderly people generally do not live with their married children. Many Americans live in mobile homes whose homes are built with wheels. They can be moved. The people in American have a very strong desire to start a new life in a new place. Quite a number of people change residences(住所) every year. The average American moves - 92 -
fourteen times in his lifetime. The courage to try something new has been an American characteristic. American democracy means majority rule, but it also means protection of minority rights. There are certain freedom which the United States promises to all its citizens and members of minority group cannot be denied these rights by a vote of the majority. Americans also like to be involved in many challenge activities and sports to show their adventurous spirits. All of these are affected by the heritage of the American history.
From the facts above, we can see American culture is unique which was cultivated, formed and developed by the main three factors, rough environment, ethnic diversity and plural religion and still is affected and determined by them now.
Holiday in Britain and the US
Paid Holiday
People in the US get 2 weeks a year paid vacation (holiday) form their job. Most British people have four or five weeks paid holiday a year. Americans often complain that tow weeks is not enough holiday, especially when they hear about the longer holidays that Europeans get. In addition, there are 8 days in each country, which are public holidays (the British call Bank Holiday) and many of these fall on a Monday giving people a long weekend. In Britain, so many people drive to another part of the country, especially the coast, on Bank Holiday weekends that there are serious traffic jams, which may stretch(长达) for many miles. Popular Holiday Places
With the US, outdoor vacations are popular, for example at the Grand Canyon or Yosemite or Yellowstone or the national parks or forests. Yong people may go walking or camping in the mountains. Many people have capers or small trailer(拖车) in which to travel, or if they are in a car, they may stay at Motels on the journey Disneyland and Disneyworld are also popular and people can to skiing in the Rocky Mountains of Colorado, Wyoming and Montana.
It is also very common to use vacations to visit relatives who may live in states a long distance away. Some children go to summer camp for a holiday during the summer vacation form school, where they do special activities, such as sports or crafts.
When Americans want a holiday for sun and rest, they usually go to Florida, Hawaii, Mexico or the Caribbean. They may go to Europe for culture, for example, to see art, plays, - 93 -
and places of historic interest.
In Britain, many people like to go to the seaside for holidays. There are places near the sea, such as Blackpool, Scarborough and Bournemouth, where there is plenty to do even if it rains. In a traditional British seaside holiday, the children can watch a Punch and Judy Show, eat candy floss and rock (=sweet) and make sandcastles, while older people can hire a deckchair to sit on the beach. People also like to go to go the country, especially to walk, in places like Scotland, Wales and the Lake District.
When the British go abroad they usually want to go somewhere warm. Spain and 'Spanish islands of Majorca and Ibiza are popular as are other places in southern Europe. For skiing, people often go to the Alps.
六）英语国家的交际的习惯和风俗
【打招呼】
1.在欧美国家见面打招呼是很自然的，即使是不认识。打招呼的目的，并不是为了要跟你有进一步的交往，只是一种生活礼仪形式。其实不论任何人，面对有人微笑打招呼，都会受到感染，像是见到阳光心情跟着好起来一样，很自然会打招呼响应。因此，在西方国家旅游的时候，如果迎面而来的人对我们说哈啰，别露出一副莫名其妙的表情，甚至置之不理唷！那可是非常失礼的。
2.对方跟你说「How do you do ?」就是「你好」的意思，不用按着课本教的说「Fine, Thank you. And you?」，除非这是你的好朋友，或是你有比较多的时间跟他聊天，不然只要同样回答说「How do you do ?」就够了。如果怕自己英文不好听，至少微笑点个头。有时候他们会说「Hello !」，其实相当于我们的「嗨」，这是同辈或好友之间的应对方式，不适合用在对长辈或地位比较高的人。另外，他们也会问候「Good morning」，「Good afternoon」或「Good evening」，同样问候就可以了。
【吃饭】
1.中国人吃饭比较随兴，很可能聊到开心处，就大声说笑，或是把餐厅当作自己家一样让小孩子跑来跑去，这在西方国家是相当不得体的喔！尤其如果我们是吃西式餐厅，而不是在中国餐厅，一定要注意餐桌礼节。餐巾应该要铺放在腿上，不是别在领口上的，更不可以拿餐巾来擦桌子或餐具！使用刀叉的时候，倒没有禁忌不可以拿着叉子讲话， - 94 -
因为在外国，放下餐具表示你已经吃完，准备请服务生来收走了。当然啦，如果要比手画脚的时候例外，毕竟拿着刀叉挥舞还是挺不安全的！
2.享用食物的时候安静是基本的礼貌，像是喝汤、嚼食物都不应该出声音，打嗝的声音尤其会惹人白眼，万一打嗝发出了声音，应该对同桌的人说「Excuse me」表示歉意。千万不要塞得满嘴的食物，慢慢一口一口吃。发表意见时，应该等食物完全吞下去之后再讲话，不可以一边嚼一边讲话。如果有鱼刺或骨头，应该尽量先用刀叉挑出来或切除掉，再放到嘴里面，不适合嚼一嚼之后再用嘴巴吐出来，假如不得已必须要这样做，也最好悄悄地、稍微用餐巾布遮掩一下比较好喔。
【细节】
如果你想同西方人相处和谐，了解西方的礼节是非常重要的。
最简单的问候是说一声"早上好"、"下午好"，或"晚上好"。这种问候可以用于你不太熟悉的人或者任何与你匆匆擦肩而过的人。
若你不很匆忙时，对不认识的人可说一声"你好"，回答你的也应该是"你好"。 当你第一次与别人见面时，通常要握手。此外，久违的朋友相见时，通常也要握手。然
而，相遇时不握手也行,微微鞠一个躬,也是很有礼貌的。
如果谁要和你握手，你当然要同他握手--拒绝握手是非常不礼貌的。通常是由年龄大的一方或者女子先伸出手。
你在向别人问好时，直呼别人的姓名也常常是得体的。你可以说；"早上好，蒙克里夫先生"或"你好，富兰克林"。有些问候在中国是合乎礼节的，而在西方却不被采用。如果你问候一个西方人说"你上哪儿去?"（Where are you going?）或说"你去哪儿啦？"（Where have you been?）他会想你在打听他的私事，实在是太失礼了。而如果你说："你吃过了吗？"（Have you had your dinner?），他可能会认为你想邀请他与你共同进餐。因此，和西方人相处时，你最好使用西方通常的问候方式。
当你受到邀请时，你必须立即作复，明确地说明你究竟能不能接受这次邀请。如果对方是在谈话中或偶然遇见时口头提出邀请的，你就应该立刻回答能不能去。如果当时不能回答，你可以说?quot;我今晚告诉你，行吗？"或诸如此类的话。但不管是口头邀请还是书面邀请，都应当给予明确的回答。
通常来说，表示你的确不能接受邀请的客气的办法是说出你不能不谢绝的理由。只是说一声"我不能去"或"我不去"是不礼貌的。说一声"对不起"也是不够的。只说一声"谢谢"，那就只能使人莫名其妙，不知你到底是接受邀请，还是谢绝邀请。
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如果你接受了邀请，忽然有事不能赴约。你应当把你不能前往的真实原因告诉对方，接受了邀请而又不赴约是一件极不礼貌的事情。
在经历了饮食习惯的历史沿革之后，当我们都围坐在铺着雪白桌布、摆着锃亮刀叉的餐桌旁时，吃饭已经从只为了充饥的需求而发展成为一种令人愉快在复杂的社会习俗。今天，在你应邀赴宴的时候，你对同桌进餐的人和餐桌上的谈话，大概比对饮食要更感兴趣。实际进餐时，应该尽可能少一些声响，少一些动作。
女主人一拿起餐巾时，你也就可以拿起你的餐巾，放在腿上。有时餐巾中包有一只小面
包；如果是 那样的话, 就把它取出，放在旁边的小碟上。
在西方，汽车有优先通行权。几个人肩并肩地排成一行走是不礼貌的。因为那样会妨碍别人行走或耽搁别人的时间。
西方店铺，除极少数外，都对商品明码标价，没有讨价还价的习惯。店员们都很客气，尽力为顾客找到满意的商品。顾客也必须很客气，如果看了好几件物品以后，一件都不想买，顾客可以说: "恐怕这些都不是我所需要的，麻烦你了，多谢。"
"谢谢你"（Thank you）这名话在西方比在中国用得要更加频繁得多。任何人替你做了一些事，不管事情多小，也不管他是你的上司还是佣人，你都应该说："谢谢你"。 你讲话完毕以后，千万不要向听众致谢。不要说："谢谢你们"，"我谢谢你们"，或"多谢你们注意听我讲话"等。讲话完毕时，略微欠欠身就够了，不必要多讲什幺。
当你给别人传递点东西或替人做些小事情而别人谢你时，你不必说什幺，只须笑一笑或点点头就够了。
交际：
外国人聊天不问对方婚姻，家庭状况，年龄等。
在西方国家中，特别重视对方的隐私权。个人稳私主要包括：个人状况(年龄、工作、收入、婚姻、子女等)、政治观念(支持或反对何种党派)、宗教信仰(信仰什么宗教)、个人行为动向(去何种地方，与谁交往、通信)等。凡是涉及到个人隐私的都不能直接过问。西方人一般不愿意干涉别人的私生活和个人隐私，也不愿意被别人干涉。
西方人崇拜个人奋斗，尤其为个人取得的成就而自豪，从来不掩饰自己的自信心、荣誉感以及在获得成就后的狂喜。
西方人自我中心意识和独立意识很强，主要表现在：1.自己为自己负责。在弱肉强食的社会，每个人生存方式及生存质量都取决于自己的能力，因此，每个人都必须自我奋斗，把个人利益放在第一位；2.不习惯关心他人，帮助他人，不过问他人的事情。正 - 96 -
由于以上两点，主动帮助别人或接受别人帮助在西方往往就成为令人难堪的事。因为接受帮助只能证明自己无能，而主动帮助别人会
英美风俗简介
美国风俗文化
从重视阶级地位的国家来到美国的游客，或许觉得美国并不特别尊敬显要人物。美国人向人鞠躬致敬，不会因对方的身份地位不同而特别殷勤，会多鞠几个躬。不论在家或搭乘汽车，美国人通常不会要求贵宾坐上特定的座位。礼让的情形很少，你所能见到的礼让情形，可能是请吃饭的时候，让贵宾坐在主人或女主人的右面。在某些国家里，汽车后座是上座。但在美国，私用汽车里驾驶座旁边的位子才是上座，一半是因为司机往往就是主人自己，另一半是因为坐上前面那个座位，可以清晰地看到车外的景象。 体语
你知道吗？两个人谈话，彼此所站的距离，随文化不同而异。在一些国家里，人们交谈时可能站得很近，谈话下去，两张面孔常常越来越贴近。根据研究所得，美国人谈话如果跟他人站得太近，就觉得不舒服；他们最合意的距离是五十公分左右。另有一些国家的人，还喜欢站得比五十公分更远一点交谈。
你会注意到美国人的另一个社交习惯，就是他们跟其他许多民族一样，说话时往往做手势。他们谈天之际，可能拍拍对方的肩膀，以示友好，或者轻拍小孩的脑袋，以示亲爱。依照其他国家某些民族风俗来说，这种表达法可能不受欢迎，尤其是用左手来表达。许多美国人都用惯左手；在美国左右手没轻重之分，不论用左用右，都没有什么不敬。不过，在这一类的小事上，如果对方在社交场合中用双手的用法令你不快的话，你只须略加犹豫，你的美国朋友往往就明白你的意思了。
静居独处
美国人无静居独处之念，往往是游客难以了解的。美国人不是围墙高筑、重门深锁的国民。他们的院子通常连在一起，连篱笆亦付阙如。他们通常不经邀请，也不先通个电话，就互相过访；他们在办公室工作，总是大门敞开。
他们无静居独处的念头，也许是本国历史发展的结果。美国是个幅员广阔的国家。美国从无筑墙之城，美国人也用不着防犯邻邦。美国在初期居民极少，所以邻居非常重要，不能把他们摒诸门墙之外。邻居在艰苦创业时会提供保护和帮忙，他们彼此守望相助。
从美国早期历史发展出来的这种不愿独处，只求坦然相对的愿望，游客可以从许多 - 97 -
小的地方观察到：美国家庭可能有几间无门的房间或只有玻璃墙。假若你看见有人走出你的房间忘了关门，别认为他粗鲁无礼。帮他们，让他们知道你喜欢把门关上，要不然你就得适应新方式了。总之，你对于彼此间的不同，要忍耐。
沉默
美国人人都不喜欢沉默。他们会侃侃而谈，以免谈话中止，纵使片刻的停顿，亦非所愿。假若你很久没作声，美国人就会尽量设法让你加入谈论。他们也许问你是不是身体不舒适，要不要他们帮忙。不过，美国人如果不同意你所说的话，可能默不作声。他们不出声，未必表示他们同意你的意见，而是表示他们认为同你继续辩论下去是没有礼貌的。
说话爽直
游客到了美国，都发觉美国人不说“废话”。这就是说，美国人答话的时候，往往简单到只说“是”、“不是”、“当然”，或极普通的一个“对”字。但简单的答语并不表示美国人怠慢、粗鲁或脑筋简单。美国人平时匆匆忙忙，跟你打招呼不外一个“嗨”。真的，你在美国居留期间，将一再听到这个招呼，几乎人人都说，不论地位、年龄、职业。不过，听惯了比较长的、漂亮话的人，也许要经过一段时间，才会对美国人的“坦言”不当一回事。
美国人感到难为情时，就实话直说。遇到别人特别客气的称赞或道谢时，美国人可能难为情而不知道该答什么话好。他们不是有意粗鲁无礼，他们其实是喜欢别人称赞他们的。除了特殊的假日，例如圣诞节，美国人通常不送礼。因此，你会发现美国人接到礼物的时候很难为情，他们如果没有东西回礼，就更加如此。他们大体上是个热情不拘礼节的民族。
介绍
美国社会风俗跟别国社会风俗大不相同的一点，就是名字的称呼。美国人不重视“地位”，尤其是社会地位。大多数美国人都不愿意自己因年龄或社会地位的关系而特别受人尊敬，这样会令他们觉得不自在。许多美国人甚至觉得“先生”“太太”“小姐”的称呼太客套了。不论年龄，大家都喜欢直呼其名。“别称我史密斯太太，叫我萨莉好了。”称呼名字，往往是表示友善亲近。不过，你如果觉得直呼其名不好，尽可用比较客气的称呼。你可以向对方笑笑，说你已经习惯成自然，初与人见面的时候总是比较拘谨，过一阵就会直呼名字了。
介绍的时候，往往是连名带姓：“玛丽·史密斯，这位是约翰·琼思。”遇到这种情 - 98 -
形，你可以自己决定该称呼那位女士为“玛丽”还是“史密斯小姐”。有时你们两人交谈，开头是称呼对方的姓，但没过多久，其中一人或彼此就直呼对方的名字了。你尽可自己选择，假若你不愿意一下子就直称别人的头字，而要依照你自己的习俗称呼别人，谁也不会觉得你没有礼貌。
你可能会注意到，美国人聚在一起聊天的时候，几乎从不提彼此的头衔。如果你平时听惯了不离头衔的谈话，就会觉得美国人说话不客气，不近人情。你高兴的话，尽可依你本国的习惯称呼别人的名衔。美国人听你这样说话，只是觉得有趣，觉得特别。不过，假若他们谈话时不称头衔，你可别不高兴。
头衔
社会阶级的差异，在美国是不受重视的，所以美国人没有家庭世袭的头衔，虽则他们对于用惯了头衔的外来客也会以他的头衔相称。美国人反而有时用职业上的头衔。这种头衔有别于家庭头衔，因为它是靠自己“挣来”的，而不是由祖先传下的。有头衔的职业，最常见的是法官、高级政府官员、军官、医生、教授和宗教领袖。这里且举几个例子：哈利法官、史密斯参议员、克拉克将军、布朗医生、格林博士（教授）、怀特神父、科恩老师（对犹太人的尊称用语）、格雷主教等。
至于从事其他行业的人，则称他为“先生”、“小姐”、“太太”（音密西斯）。“Ms.”（音密丝）对已婚和未婚的女士都可适用，近年来在美国已甚为通行。假若你跟一个美国人第一次碰面，不晓得他的头衔，但又要对他表示尊敬，那么可用“先生”或“夫人”称呼。被你这样称呼的人也许会想到你不知道该用什么称呼，于是会把正确的名称告诉你。不过，一个人除非是从事某种特殊职业，否则正式的头衔是不常用的。美国人注重友好的、不拘礼节的关系，而不注重地位头衔。美国人相信自己即使直称一个人的名字，仍一样可以对他表示尊敬。
服务
头衔之外，美国生活中还有别的事情，是平时受女佣、司机、厨师侍候惯了的游客，可能发觉和他在本国的情形大不相同。有的游客也许想到自己是有身份的人，但在美国所受的待遇即跟普通人一样，因此觉得自己被怠慢了。不过，美国是个“样样自己动手”的国家。一般美国人，不管是医生、教授、商人、律师，都是自己煮饭、洗衣、上市场买东西或做其他工作。在美国，服务是要钱的；谁都可以“买”服务，只要付得起钱就成，地位是不相干的。一个人不管干的是什么职业，如果自己动手做家务，绝对不会被人认为有什么不对。其实，许多美国人都花得起钱请厨师、司机，但他们不那么做。他 - 99 -
们宁愿享受家庭宁静，如果家里有个请来的帮手，宁静感可能多少就会丧失掉。也有人宁愿把钱花在旅行或其他方面，而不愿付出高昂的美国工资雇人帮忙料理家务。 找漱洗间
一位新到美国的游客，最近有人问他，在美国第一天最麻烦的事情是什么，他毫不犹豫地答：“找漱洗间。”
有些国家在大街上有明显可见或在小建筑物里面标志明显的公众漱洗间，美国可没有。在美国，公众漱洗间均设于加油站（都是干干净净的，免费的，不过可能要向站员索取钥匙）。机场、公共汽车站、火车站、餐馆、图书馆、大商店、戏院，以及一切欢迎大众光临的场所，都有漱洗间，你还可以走进任何一家旅馆借用“女漱洗间”或“男漱洗间”，即使你不是这家旅馆的住客。
不要被漱洗间门上的名称弄糊涂了。有时上面写着“男”或“女”以及“女士”或“夫人”，或干脆叫“漱洗间”。有的在门上可能画个图形或其他标志，以示男女之别，餐馆尤其采用这种方式。女用漱洗间有时称为“化妆间”。欧洲人使用的“方便处”或“W.C”，在美国是少用的，但一般人都明白是什么意思。
对你国家的认识
你可能会遇到一些对贵国知之甚少的美国人。假若有这种情形，请容忍他们。很遗憾，美国学校很少教授他国的文化风俗。美国东西两面是大洋，跟其他国家隔得很远。结果，美国人对于其他国家的文化和不同的工作方式都不大熟悉；这在其他国家也是常见的。假若美国人用你所不熟知的办法来帮你的忙，假若他们把贵国误认为是千里以外的另一个国家，请多包涵。跟别的国家相比，美国发展成为现代国家的时间极短，只有300年的光景。美国人一直忙于本土的成长，忙着修建公路，忙着建立城市，忙着为千百万的孩子制定免费教育制度，忙着发明，忙着发现，忙着为全球的利益而发展。在这300年间，有大部分的时候全国的注意力只集中在美国本身，而不在世界。直到二次世界大战（1939-1945），美国人才开始对世界其他地区发生兴趣。
社会习俗
美国人的祖先来自全球各地，所以在美国境内“认可的”社会习俗，比有些国家的社会习俗要多得多。因此，到美国旅游的人如果要照自己国家的风俗习惯去做，也不必觉得难为情或有什么不对。虽然美国人不拘礼节，但是，如果你愿意在社交场合中穿着打扮得很正规，你尽管照你自己的方式做好了。你周围的人一定会接受的。
不过，你能够对美国一般的习俗做详尽的了解，也是有所裨益的。当然，这个题目 - 100 -
范围太广，不能在这里详加探讨，下面所谈的，只是你访问美国时可能会遇到的一些常见情形。
有些私人问题，在甲国可以提出来谈，但在乙国则不应该谈。比方说，美国人可能会问你：“你在什么地方工作？”“你有几个孩子？”“你的房子有多大？”“你有没有假期？”在美国人看来，这些问题不算是纯粹的私人问题。他们往往问这些话，不外是要了解你与他之间的共同点，或作为交谈的开始。请你明白，问这些话的本意都是友善的，问者是对你表示关心，不是对你无礼。
美国人自己也是这样相识的。由于美国人在美国时常搬迁，这类问题就是他们每年认识许多新朋友的常用办法。
有些国家的人们几乎终生未离开过一个市镇，所以社会风俗颇为不同。游客到了这些国家，可能要过了许久，才会有人向他问起家庭、职业、居所等私人问题。但是在美国，样样事都快，美国人没时间讲究礼节。他们一定要在今天认识你，因为不久他们可能又要搬到遥远的另一个市镇去了。
在一些国家里，居民的社会关系需要长期慢慢地培养。习惯了这种情形的游客一旦到了美国，可能觉得美国人的方式可怕，太注意私人问题和无礼。不过，美国人认为纯粹是私人问题的一些事，在美国也是避而不提的，否则未免太无礼了。这些问题包括一个人的年龄，他有多少钱，他的衣服和财产一共值多少钱，他的宗教信仰，和他的私生活等等。
假如有人向你提出什么问题，而你觉得这纯粹是私事，那么你尽可不答。你可以说“不知道”，或说：“在我的国家里，这个问题好怪。”再不然，你可以把话题一转，谈些不关私人的事情。你这样做，美国人不会觉得你无礼，事实上，他多半会明白你是不想回答或不想继续谈论这些私人问题。
英国风俗文化
1、英国人的特征
英国人友好，热情，也多少有一点傲慢。英国人诚实，厚道，不乏有一定的幽默感。 英国人比较准时守约，讲究礼节，在正式社交场合特别注重服饰。
英国男人讲究"绅士风度"，英国女人严守"年龄秘密"。"女士优先"在英国已成为风气。 英国人不愿轻易吐露心扉，也无意打听别人的隐私，以"不管闲事"著称。
英国人不欣赏美味，不善于烹调，但却讲究席间礼仪。
英国人颇爱宠物，对马、狗、猫、鸟等动物感情很深。有"爱我就爱我的狗"之说。 - 101 -
天气是英国人经常的话题。
英国人有付小费的习惯。
2、英国人的日常生活习惯
不列颠人特别是英国人，有隐藏他们感情和在公共场合举止保守的名声。这种概括有一定的事实基础，但是不能应用到一个拥有5600万人口的民族身上。苏格兰人、威尔士和北爱尔兰人就觉得他们不该得到这种看法。英格兰也有鲜明的宗教差异，北部的人显得比伦敦和东南部的人更加自然和开放。海外游者把看到的不列颠生活的某些方面当成了典型的不列颠生活。如在公共交通车上，人们不跟其他乘客讲话。聚会时人们不拥抱，第一次见面经常只是握握手。在戏院、音乐厅和电影院里，演出当中观众保持安静。如果游客主动开始谈话，将发现不列颠人是乐于助人和体贴的。相对于其他文化来说，不列颠人举止的某些方面便显得自然亲切。一个例子是工作上在地位不同的同事中，不称呼职务，人们很随便地相互叫名字。
英国人经常在家里待客，但是，除非你与朋友特别熟悉，不然连一个电话也不打，不弄清做客是否方便而突然拜访是不合适的。如果接受了在某人家里用餐的邀请，这会被看作是很正式的约会，如果到时候不去将被认为是不礼貌的，如果你真得想取消邀请，一定要让主人在做准备之前尽快地知道。如果有些东西自己不吃，一定要事先让主人知道，以免当天的尴尬。不管是仅仅吃一顿饭还是更长的做客，习惯上都要给主人带件小礼物--比如鲜花、巧克力或一小瓶酒。
如果你与一户不列颠家庭住在一起，随时都要举止谨慎。做到准时吃饭，如果需要取消一顿饭，一定事先通知主人。保持房间整洁；让主人知道你外出要很晚回家，使他们不为你担心；如果你提议帮助干家务活，通常你的提议被拒绝，但仍然让主人由衷感谢。
不列颠人的用餐时间都遵循固定的模式，早餐是土司砚或谷类食品，也可以是很讲究地做的早餐，有鸡蛋、熏猪肉、香肠和西红柿。中饭，也被叫做午饭或正餐，除了星期天人们要吃一顿用带骨头的腿肉烤成的烤肉外，平时很简单。如果家庭成员在工作或学习，午餐一般不在家里吃。晚饭一般是每天的正餐，也叫做正餐或茶，如果被邀请去某人家里?quot;茶"，很可能你得吃到食物，而不仅仅是喝一杯茶。
尽管通过在中国学习，留学生的英语已经达到了精通的程度，但当你到了这里却发现要听懂口语还是很困难，这时不要惊讶。人们说话比你想象的要快，他们会用很多你所不熟悉的白话表达。这因为全国有很多种不同的口音和方言，如果听不懂，不妨叫人 - 102 -
们慢一点重复一下就行了，渐渐就会适应不列颠说的英语。
地名是留学生觉得不好读准确之处，像威尔士的一个地名有52个字母，因而要给出英国各地地名的发音规则是不可能的。遇到这样情况写下你要参观或需要知道的地方的名称，然后，请人帮你确认一下，是个明确的做法。
人们在商店，银行和公共汽车站都排队，若有人不遵守这条规则，排队的人们会生气地认为夹塞儿是不礼貌的行为。
留居英国人士受到法律保护而不受种族歧视。但有些地区，特别是在大城市的一些地区，有种族关系紧张的问题。留学生可向校方询问是否存在这方面的问题。如果你觉得在遭受任何形式的种族歧视，应该到电话号码簿上查询电话号码，向民族平等委员会的当地机构报告。
在英国同性恋不违法，但男同性恋的年龄是18岁，而女同性恋的年龄是16岁。对这种同性恋生活的态度有的人接受，有的人无所谓，有的人害怕和怀疑，甚至有些群体是持敌对态度的。在超级大城市里，有专门让男女同性恋者们去的俱乐部，酒吧和其他聚会地点。如果有疑问，那么小心行事是明智的。至于那里每个人在性上都很主动，应该采取措施预防传染上艾滋病。
给16岁以下的人抽雪茄是违法的。公共场合是禁止吸烟的，如果在铁路车厢或伦敦地铁车站这样的地方违反这条规则，将被处以罚款。饭馆通常提供无烟区域。当与他人吃饭或喝酒，特别是到别人家里做客时，在点烟前一定要问一下"是否介意我吸烟？"
在英国喝水是总管道供应的，一般厨房里的水龙头是卫生的，卫生间的水是不安全的，喝瓶装的矿泉水是一种日常生活中的时尚。在公共场所一定不在喝水龙头里面的水，除非它标?quot;饮用水"字样。河湖可能被污染了，在里面游泳前要问一问周围的人，注意不要喝里面的水。到海滨洗海水浴，在下海游泳之前，检查一下附近的状况，海水是否已被污染。
七)十二生肖在英语中的喻义
“生肖”是代替十二地支、用来表示人们出生的12种动物，即鼠、牛、虎、兔、龙、蛇、马、羊、猴、鸡、狗、猪。如寅年出生的人属虎，卯年出生的人属兔。“生肖”也就是俗话说的“属相”，是中国人特有的一种表示出生时间的方式，相当于西方的黄道十二星座（双鱼座、白羊座、金牛座、双子座、巨蟹座、狮子座、室女座、天秤座、 - 103 -
天蝎座、人马座、摩羯麻、宝瓶座）。
英语中，当谈个人出生的属相时，表达为“What animal sign were you born under ?你属什么？I was born in the year of the Cock / Mine is the Coak.我属鸡。”十二生肖的12种动物在汉语中只有一个：鼠：Rat，牛：Ox，虎：Tiger，兔：Hare，龙：Dragon，蛇：Snake，马：Horse，羊：Sheep，猴：Monkey，鸡：Cock，狗：Dog，猪：Boar。汉语中，人们往往以十二生肖中的动物来比喻人，即把不同（性格、特征、习性等）的人比作动物，如常以“毒如蛇蝎”，“笨猪”、“胆小如鼠”来比喻心毒手辣的人、笨人、胆小怯懦的人等。英语中同样可用十二生肖中的动物喻人，其所表达的意思更加广泛而有趣。现简述如下：
一. 鼠——Rat
英语中用以比喻讨厌鬼，可耻的人，告密者，密探，破坏罢工的人；美国俚语指新学生、下流女人。当看到smell a rat这一词组时，是指人们怀疑在做错某事。a rat race则表示激烈的竞争。rats desert a sinking ship（船沉鼠先逃，这一谚语意指那些一遇到危险就争先寻求安全或一看见困难便躲得老远的人。）
二. 牛——Ox
涉及“牛”的汉语成语很多，如“对牛弹琴”、“牛蹄之涔”等。英语中涉及“Ox”的表达方式则不多。用Ox － eyed形容眼睛大的人；用短语The black Ox has trod on sb’sfoot表示灾祸已降临到某人头上。
三. 虎——Tiger
指凶恶的人，虎狼之徒；英国人指穿制服的马夫；口语中常指比赛的劲敌。中国和东南亚国家常以Paper tiger比喻貌似强大而实质虚弱的敌人。词组ride the tiger表示以非常不确定或危险的方式生活。
四. 兔——Hare
在英国俚语中，hare指坐车不买票的人。与hare组成的词组有：make a hare of sb.愚弄某人。start a hare。在讨论中提出枝节问题。
例如：You start a hare ever time at the meeting.每次讨论你都提出与题无关的问题 。 英语中有许多关于兔的谚语，如：
1. First catch your hare.勿谋之过早（意指：不要过于乐观）。
2. You cannot run with the hare and hunt with hounde.不能两面讨好（意指：不要耍两面派）。
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五. 龙——Dragon
龙在中国人民的心目中占有崇高的位置，有关龙的成语非常多，且含有褒义。如“龙跃凤鸣”、“龙骧虎步”等。在外国语言中，赞扬龙的词语非常之少，且含有贬义。如“dragon”指凶暴的人，严厉的人，凶恶严格的监护人，凶恶的老妇人（尤指很少给在其看管下姑娘自由的老妇人）等。以dragon组成的词组也多含贬义。如dragon’s teeth：相互争斗的根源；排列或多层的楔形反坦克混克混凝土障碍物。the old Dragon：魔鬼。
六. 蛇——Snake
指冷酷阴险的人，虚伪的人，卑鄙的人；美国俚语指追求和欺骗少女的男子或男阿飞。由此看到，在英语中，“snake”往往含有贬义。如：John’s behavior should him to be a snake.约翰的行为表明他是一个冷酷阴险的人。
与snake组成的成语习语、谚语有许多，简举几例：
a snake in the grass.潜伏的敌人或危险。
to warm a snake in one’s bosom.养虎贻患，姑息坏人。Takd heed of the snake in the grass.草里防蛇。
七. 马——Horse
英美国家的人很喜欢马，因此，用“horse”这个词组成的词组、成语、谚语非常之多，此举几例：
1. get on the high horse.摆架子，目空一切。
2. work like a horse.辛苦的干活。
3. horse doctor.兽医、庸医。
4. dark horse.竞争中出人意料的获胜者。
如：The voters were surprised when the dark horse won the nomination.那个无名小卒在竞争中获胜时，投票者无不大吃一惊。
八. 羊——Sheep
英语中指害羞而忸怩的人，胆小鬼，驯服的人。有关sheep的谚语不少。
1. As well be hanged for a sheep as a lamb.偷羊偷羔都是绞（死）；偷大偷小统是贼（意指：一不做，二不休）。
2. There’s a black sheep in every flock.每一羊群里都会有一只黑羊，丑儿子家家有（意指：每个家里都会有个败家子。）
3. He that makes himself a sheep shall be eaten by the wolf.甘心做绵羊，早晚喂豹狼 - 105 -
（人弱受人欺）。
4. The sheep who tallks peace with a wolf will soon be mutton.羊向狼乞求和平，很快就会变成羊肉（意指，切勿向敌人乞求和平）。
九. 猴——Monkey
monkey作名词时指顽童、淘气鬼，猴子似的人，易受欺的人。如：What are you doing,you young monkey !你在干什么呀，小捣蛋鬼！
monkey作动词时指胡闹、瞎弄、捣蛋。如：Stop monkeying about with the TV set !不要瞎弄电视机！
与monkey一词搭配的词组、习语和俚语很多非常有趣。如：put sb’s monkey up.使某人生气，激怒某人；Your last word has really put his monkey up.你最后一句话实在使他大为生气；又如：make a monkey of愚弄；a monkey with a long tail.抵押；get the monkey off.戒除吸毒恶习；have a monkey on one’s back.毒瘾很深。
十. 鸡——Cock
指首领，头目，神气十足的人，与cock组成的词组多姿多彩，如：Cock of the walk /school.支配别人的人；a cock of the loft / dunghill.在小天地中称王称霸的人；Live like fighting cocke.生活很好，尤指吃得好；Cock - and - bull story.荒诞的故事，无稽之谈。 用cock表达的谚语：It is a sad house where the hen crows louder than the cock.牝鸡司晨，家之不祥（意指：丈夫软弱而一切由妻子作主的家庭是不会幸福的，当然这是一种夫权思想）。
十一. 狗——Dog
汉语中常用“狗”比喻人，如“忠实走狗”、“看家狗”，成语“狗苟蝇营”、“狗彘不若”等。在英语中除了喻人外，还有丰富多彩的词组、谚语等。
dog作名词时指无赖汉，坏蛋、废物，不受喜爱（或欢迎）的人。有时加形容词修饰可指各种人，如：You dirty dog !你这个坏小子！a lucky dog.幸运儿；a dumb dog.沉默不语的人，a sly dog.暗中寻欢的人和暗地里偷鸡摸狗的人；a dog in the manger.占着茅坑不拉屎的人。
用dog表达的谚语：
1. Barking dogs seldom bite.吠犬不咬人（意指：对于高声发出恐吓，或惯于大声吼叫的人，勿须当真）。
2. Every dog has his day.凡人皆有得意日（意指：大家都有走运的一天）。 - 106 -
3. Dog does not eat dog.同类不相残；同室不操戈。
十二. 猪——Boar
在英语中boar一词指未阉割的公猪和公野猪，涉及猪的词语有pig（猪、小猪、野猪），hog（食用猪）、sow（牝猪），swine（猪：旧用法）。十二生肖用boar，比喻贪婪、肮脏。
八)Dragon Boat Festival(龙舟节)
--- A Day in Memory of A Patriotic Poet
The 5th day of the 5th month of the lunar year is an important day for the Chinese people. The day called "Duan Wu" (meaning Day of Right Mid-Day) is observed everywhere in China. This unique Chinese celebration dates back to earliest times and a number of legends explain its origins.
The best known story centers on a patriotic court official named Qu Yuan, of the State of Chu during the Warring States Period more than 2,000 years ago. Qu tried to warn the emperor of an increasingly courrupt government, but fails. In a last desperate protest, he throws himself into the river and drowns. The State of Chu was soon annexed by the State of Qin.
Later Qu Yuan's sympathizers jump into boats, beat the water with their oars and made rice dumplings wrapped in reed-leaves (Zongzi) and scatter them into the Miluo River in the hope that fish in the river would eat the rice dumplings instead of the body of the deceased poet.
The custom of making rice dumplings spread to the whole country. Today, people eat glutinous rice cakes to mark the occasion.
At the news of the poet's death, the local people raced out in boats in an efforts of searching his body. Later the activity became a boat race and the boats gradually developed into dragon-boats. In many places along rivers and on the coast today, the holiday also features dragon-boat races. In these high-spirited competitions, teams of rowers stroke their oars in unison to propel sleek, long vessels
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九)国家名字的浪漫英语翻译
h.o.l.l.a.n.d 荷兰
Hope our love lasts and never dies. 希望我们的爱永恒不变。 i.t.a.l.y. 意大利
I trust and love you. 我相信你和爱你。
l.i.b.y.a. 利比亚
Love is beautiful; you also. 爱是美丽的，你也是。
f.r.a.n.c.e. 法兰西
Friendships remain and never can end. 友谊永固。
c.h.i.n.a. 中国
Come here. i need affection. 来这，我需要爱。
n.e.p.a.l. 尼泊尔
Never ever part as lovers. 像情人一样永不分开。
i.n.d.i.a. 印度
I nearly died in adoration. 我差点在狂爱中死去。
k.o.r.e.a. 韩国
Keep optimistic regardless of every adversity. 虽然事与愿违，保持乐观。 e.g.y.p.t. 埃及
Everything's great, you pretty thing! 十全十美，你这漂亮的东西。
十)国际知名品牌广告语欣赏
1． Good to the last drop.
滴滴香浓，意犹未尽。（麦斯威尔咖啡）
2． Obey your thirst.
服从你的渴望。（雪碧）
3． The new digital era.
数码新时代。（索尼影碟机）
4． We lead Others copy.
我们领先，他人仿效。（理光复印机）
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5． Impossible made possible.
使不可能变为可能。（佳能打印机）
6． Take time to indulge.
尽情享受吧！（雀巢冰激凌）
7． The relentless pursuit of perfection.
不懈追求完美。（凌志轿车）
8． Poetry in motion, dancing close to me.
动态的诗，向我舞近。（丰田汽车）
9． Come to where the flavor is Marlboro Country.
光临风韵之境——万宝路世界。（万宝路香烟）
10．To me, the past is black and white, but the future is always color. 对我而言，过去平淡无奇；而未来，却是绚烂缤纷。（轩尼诗酒）
11. Just do it.
只管去做。（耐克运动鞋）
12. Ask for more.
渴望无限。（百事流行鞋）
13. The taste is great.
味道好极了。（雀巢咖啡）
14. Feel the new space.
感受新境界。（三星电子）
15. Intelligence everywhere.
智慧演绎，无处不在。（摩托罗拉手机）
16. The choice of a new generation.
新一代的选择。（百事可乐）
17. We integrate, you communicate.
我们集大成，您超越自我。（三菱电工）
18. Take TOSHIBA, take the world.
拥有东芝，拥有世界。（东芝电子）
19. Let's make things better.
让我们做得更好。（飞利浦电子）
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20. No business too small, no problem too big.
没有不做的小生意，没有解决不了的大问题。（IBM公司）
十一)各月英语名称的来历
公历一年有12个月，但不少人并不知道12 个月的英语名称的来历。公历起源于古罗马历法。罗马的英语原来只有10 个月，古罗马皇帝决定增加两个月放在年尾，后来朱里斯*撒大帝把这两个月移到年初，成为1月、2月，原来的1月、2月便成了3月、4月，依次类推。这就是今天世界沿用的公历。
January——1月
在罗马传说中，有一位名叫雅努斯的守护神，生有先后两副脸，一副回顾过去，一副要眺望未来。人们认为选择他的名字作为除旧迎新的第一个月月名，很有意义。英语1月January，便是由这位守护神的拉丁文名字January演变而来的。
February——2月
每年2 月初，罗马人民都要杀牲饮酒，欢庆菲勃卢姆节。这一天，人们常用一种牛、草制成的名叫Februa的鞭子，抽打不育的妇女，以求怀孕生子。这一天，人们还要忏悔自己过去一年的罪过，洗刷自己的灵魂，求得神明的饶恕，使自己成为一个贞洁的人。英语2月February，便是由拉丁文Februar-ius（即菲勃卢姆节）演变而来。
March-----3月
3月，原是罗马旧历法的1月，新年的开始。凯撒大帝改革历法后，原来的1月变成3月，但罗马人仍然把3 月看做是一年的开始。另外，按照传统习惯，3月是每年出征远战的季节。为了纪念战神玛尔斯，人们便把这位战神的拉丁名字作为3月的月名。英语3月March，便是由这位战神的名字演变而来的。
April——4月
罗马的4月，正是大地回春.鲜花初绽的美好季节。英文4月April便由拉丁文April（即开花的日子）演变而来。
May——5月
罗马神话中的女神玛雅，专门司管春天和生命。为了纪念这位女神，罗马人便用她的名字——拉丁文Maius命名5月，英文5月May便由这位女神的名字演变而来。 June——6月
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罗马神话中的裘诺，是众神之王，又是司管生育和保护妇女的神。古罗马对她十分崇敬，便把6月奉献给她，以她的名字——拉丁文Junius来命名6 月。英语6月June便由这位女神的名字演变而来。也有学者认为，Junius可能是个代拉丁家族中一个显赫贵族的姓氏。
July——7月
罗马统治者朱里斯*凯撒大帝被刺死后，著名的罗马将军马克*按东尼建议将凯撒大帝诞生的7月，用凯撒的名字——拉丁文Julius（即朱里斯）命名之。这一建议得到了元老院的通过。英语7月July由此演变而来。
August——8月
朱里斯*凯撒死后，由他的甥孙屋大维续任罗马皇帝。为了和凯撒齐名，他也想用自己的名字来命名一个月份。他的生日在9月，但他选定8月。因为他登基后，罗马元老院在8 月授予他Augustus（奥古斯都）的尊号。于是，他决定用这个尊号来命名8月。原来8月比7月少一天，为了和凯撒平起平坐，他又决定从2月中抽出一天加在8月上。从此，2月便少了一天。英语8月August便由这位皇帝的拉丁语尊号演变而来。 September——9月
老历法的7月，正是凯撒大帝改革历法后的9月，拉丁文Septem是"7"月的意思。虽然历法改革了，但人们仍袭用旧名称来称呼9月。英语9月September，便由此演变而来。
October——10月
英语10月，来自拉丁文Octo，即"8"的意思。它和上面讲的9月一样，历法改了，称呼仍然沿用未变。
November——11月
罗马皇帝奥古斯都和凯撒都有了自己名字命名的月份，罗马市民和元老院要求当时的罗马皇帝梯比里乌斯用其名命名11月。但梯比里乌斯没有同意，他明智地对大家说，如果罗马每个皇帝都用自己的名字来命名月份，那么出现了第13个皇帝怎么办？于是，11月仍然保留着旧称Novem，即拉丁文"9"的意思。英语11月November便由此演变而来。
December——12月
罗马皇帝琉西乌斯要把一年中最后一个月用他情妇的Amagonius的名字来命名，但遭但元老院的反对。于是，12月仍然沿用旧名Decem，即拉丁文"10"的意思。英语12 - 111 -
月December，便由此演变而来。
老公和老婆的由来Why does a man want to have a WIFE?
十二)男人为啥要娶老婆
Because .......因为 ......
W--- Washing 洗衣
I--- Ironing 烫衣
F--- Food 做饭
E--- Entertainment 娱乐
Why does a woman want to have a HUSBAND ?
为啥女人要嫁老公?
Because ...... 因为 ......
H---Housing 有房子
U---Understanding 有心灵相通
S---Sharing 有分享的喜悦
B---Buying 有钱想要的东西
A---and 还有
N---Never 绝对不
D---Demanding 要求太高
十三)26个字母的爱情含义
a-----accept（接受）
“世上没有十全十美的人”。记着，你爱他，就必须接受他的一切，甚至他的缺点。 b——belief（信任）
不信任对方，经常以怀疑的口吻盘问对方，这种互相猜度的爱情就只有分手下场。 c——care（关心）
关心的程度正好表现你对她的重视程度，
间或打个电话给她关心地问候一句：“工作辛苦吗？”
又或者发短信给她：“天气凉了，别忘了加衣”。
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这些关心未必有实际用途，但起码能令对方暖在心头。
口合，如果还有情书，当然更ok：）
d——digest（理解）
我们不是圣人，
总有情绪起伏的时候，
若对方是“凸”的时候，
你何不做“凹”去忍耐一下她，安慰一下她呢。
e——everlasting（永恒）
永远有多远
用心去创造
相信那就是永远
f——freedom（自由）
纵然已婚，也应给予对方应有自由及保持秘密的权利。
你的另一半不是你的终生奴隶，不要让她认为跟你结婚就等于被困笼中 g——give（付出）
爱情这样东西不一定是你付出“一”，便会收回“一”。
但不付出，便一定没有收获。
对你的爱人，应有如对自己一样，毫无保留地付出，这才算得上真爱。 h——heart（心）
爱情最重要的道具是心，
你必须真心对待，用心去爱。
没有心，又怎称得上真心相爱？
i——independence（**）
甜言蜜语的人会说：“我是为了你而生。”
其实，每个人都有自己的生存意义，
不应过分依赖对方，成为对方的沉重负担，甚至累赘
j——jealousy（妒忌）
适当的妒忌、呷醋能表示你对对方的重视，
但切记是合情合理的呷醋；
反之，毫不讲理，大发雷霆地呷醋，必惹反感。
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k——kiss（吻）
一吻胜过千言万语，
轻轻的一吻已能代表你惜她、爱护她，
所以请不要吝啬你的红唇。
l——love（爱）
都说是爱情，没有爱又怎会有情呢？
爱跟喜欢不同，爱一个人，你必定愿意为他做任何事，这是最高的境界。 亲时不妨跟对方说句“我爱你”，担保比任何礼物来得甜蜜开心。 m——mature（成熟）
为什么一般人的初恋总会无声无色地惨败，因为年轻人多恋爱得较幼稚。 况且，没有一个人会喜欢对方长年没头没脑地蹦蹦跳跳。
人成熟一点，你的爱情便会早熟一点，直到开花结果。
n——nutural（自然）
很多人初拍拖时都会把一切的缺点隐藏起来，变成另一个人。 日子久了，缺点才一箩箩地出现，令对方吃不消。
其实，不做作，流于自然的爱情才是细水长流的。
o——observe（观察）
经常细心观察爱侣的喜好，不但能更了解对方，更能给他惊喜。 那份心意必定比礼物来得珍贵。
p——protect（保护）
做男朋友的当然要保护女朋友，
但做女朋友的亦要保护对方的尊严，
不应容许别人中伤、侮辱你的另一半。
q——quarter（宽大）
宽大是基本的要诀，
对爱侣的错误，
以宽大的态度原谅他，
因为你是最爱他的人
r——receive（接收）
对于爱侣为你所做的，请不要表现得无动于衷，令他气馁。
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她付出，你便应以欣赏的态度去接受，这才能令感情更进一步。
s——share（分享）
爱她，就必能与她分享她的喜与哀，
这是作为一个伴侣最简单的责任。
找到这样的人也就是一种幸福了
t——tender（温柔）
歌仔都有唱《love me tender》啦！
爱人当然要温柔地爱，
因为男人女人缺乏温柔都不可爱：）
u——understand（明白）
不明白对方的想法，对方跟你说话，你永远只独自发呆，那就是一段缺乏沟通的爱情。 多站在对方立场，将心比心地想，必定能更了解你的另一半。
v——veracity（诚实）
对爱情，必须一百倍的诚实，
你也不想你的另一半是个“大话精”吧！
时常互相欺骗的感情又怎能天长地久呢？
w——wait（等待）
等是维系一段感情的基本元素。
最重要的是你要与他同步成长，同步走完这段人生路，
千万不可一个走先，遗下另一半在后。
x——“x”（乘法符号）
把你对他的爱每天以倍数地乘上去，
爱情自然变成无限大，
爱情走也走不掉。
y——yearn（想念）
工作或不在一起时，
不妨多想念对方，
间或致电或传呼他说句“我很挂念你”必能令对方甜在心头，
更起劲地工作。
z——zest（热情）
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像小龙女般虽然貌若天仙，却冷若冰霜的情人，除了杨过，相信都没有人愿意跟她一生一世。
所以，**侣的，适当的热情能加添不少乐趣，但切忌过分
十四)英语中如何形容女孩沉鱼落雁
在中文里我们有太多太多的成语来形容美女, 如沉鱼落雁, 倾国倾城, 闭月羞花等等. (你能想像如何教一个不懂中文的老外这些成语吗? ) 英语中用来形容女孩子的字眼也不少, 但跟中文比起来就真的是小巫见大巫了, 不过还是有些用来形容女人的说法值得学一学.
1. Hey, look at the chick over there.
看看在那边的女孩.
Chick 这个字代表的就是女孩子, 各位不要跟 chic (时尚) 这个字给搞混了. Chick 这个字念起来就像是 chicken 前面的几个音, 所以蛮好认的. 一般而言 chick 和 girl 是可以交互使用的, 例如, 她是个十三岁的女孩, 就是 She is a thirteen-year-old chick.
2. She is gorgeous!
她真是漂亮.
要懂得适时地称赞女孩实在是每个男士必修的功课. 一句简单的 You are pretty! 或是 You are so beautiful 就可以让人家高兴上好半天. Gorgeous 和 pretty, beautiful 都是美丽的意思, 但是程度上可能要比 pretty 和 beautiful 还要再来的高一些. 所以下次再看到美女, 别忘了说一声, You are gorgeous! 说不定她就变成你的老婆了.
3. She is a babe.
她是个美女.
这句话是用来形容美女的喔. 要特别注意 babe 跟 baby 只有一字之差但却相差十万八千里. 你千万不要说成 Oh! I like the baby, 那么你很有可能被人家当成恋童癖.
4. She turns me on.
她让我眼睛为之一亮.
各位男生不知有没有这样的经验, 一位长发美女从你眼前走过, 你的目光便不自觉地投射在她身上, 全身的血液也开始跟著沸腾起来. 这要怎么用英文形容呢? 这就叫 She turns me on. 这好像是说, 她把你身上的电源都给打开了.
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另外, turn-on 也可以当作名词用, 它用来表示任何令你觉得很不错的人, 事, 物. 另外你可以说 She is such a turn-on. 就是说她给我的感觉还蛮不错的.
5. I think she is a hottie.
她是个辣妹.
所谓的 hottie 就是指那种很辣的辣妹, 穿著打扮各方面可能都非常地时髦. 或是你也可以说, hot babe 或是 hot chick. 但有一点请注意, 也许你在国内对一个女孩子说, 你真是个辣妹啊! 她可能还会蛮高兴的, 但是在美国你不可以去跟女孩子说 You are a hottie. 那么你可能换回一巴掌.
另外有一个字眼跟 hottie 很像, 叫 hot tamale, 但是这个字一般而言比较少人在用. Hot tamale 原是一种墨西哥食物, 被引申成为辣妹的意思, 不过这个用法比 hottie 更强烈, hottie 单指好看或漂亮的人, 但 hot tamale 则又加上了一些不能自己控制自己, 有点疯狂的意思, 所以也不要乱用喔.
6. Do you know Jean? She is a cutie.
你认识 Jean 吗? 她好可爱喔!
看来中外皆然, 女孩子总是分为二种, 漂亮美艳型和活泼可爱型. 至于那种遵守交通规则型 (obeying the traffic rules 则不在本文讨论范围之内) 漂亮的女生叫 hottie, 相对的, 可爱的女生就叫 cutie. 或是你单讲, She is so cute! 也是不错的用法.
7. She is well-developed. 她很丰满.
刚才说的是以脸蛋来分的, 现在说的是以身材来分的. 看到身材很好的女生, 女生之间彼此会说 She is well-developed 或是 well-endowed.
十五)英文散文
(1)美丽微笑与爱心 (Beautiful Smile and Love)
作者介绍：特蕾莎修女(Mother Teresa,1910-1997)，印度著名的慈善家，印度天主教仁爱传教会创始人，在世界范围内建立了一个庞大的慈善机构网，赢得了国际社会的广泛尊敬。19xx年被授予诺贝尔和平奖。本文所选即好在领取该奖项时的演讲辞，语言简洁质朴而感人至深。诺贝尔奖领奖台上响起的声音往往都是文采飞扬、热烈、激昂。而特雷莎修女的演说朴实无华，其所举事例听来似平凡之至，然而其中所蕴含的伟大而神圣的爱感人至深。平凡中孕育伟大，真情才能动人。
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The poor are very wonderful people. One evening we went out and we picked up four people from the street. And one of them was in a most terrible condition，and I told the sisters: You take care of the other three. I take care of this one who looked worse. So I did for her all that my love can do. I put her in bed, and there was such a beautiful smile on her face. She took hold of my hand as she said just the words “thank you” and she died. I could not help but examine my conscience[良心]before her and I asked what would I say if I was in her place.
穷人是非常了不起的人。一天晚上，我们外出，从街上带回了四个人，其中一个生命岌岌可危。于是我告诉修女们说：“你们照料其他三个，这个濒危的人就由我来照顾了。”就这样，我为她做了我的爱所能做的一切。我将她放在床上，看到她的脸上绽露出如此美丽的微笑。她握着我的手，只说了句“谢谢您”就死了。我情不自禁地在她面前审视起自己的良知来。
And my answer was very simple. I would have tried to draw a little attention to myself. I would have said I am hungry, that I am dying, I am cold, I am in pain, or something, but she gave me much more-she gave me her grateful love. And she died with a smile on her face. 我问自己，如果我是她的话，会说些什么呢？答案很简单，我会尽量引起旁人对我的关注，我会说我饥饿难忍，冷得发抖，奄奄一息，痛苦不堪，诸如此类的话。但是她给我的却更多更多――她给了我她的感激之情。她死时脸上却带着微笑。
As did that man whom we picked up from the drain[阴沟、下水道], half eaten with worms, and we brought him to the home. “I have lived like an animal in the street, but I am going to die like an angel, loved and cared for.” And it was so wonderful to see the greatness of that man who could speak like that, who could die like that without blaming anybody, without cursing anybody, without comparing anything. Like an angel-this is the greatness of our people. And that is why we believe what Jesus had said: I was hungry, I was naked, I was homeless, I was unwanted, unloved, uncared for, and you did it to me.
我们从排水道带回的那个男子也是如此。当时，他几乎全身都快被虫子吃掉了，我们把他带回了家。“在街上，我一直像个动物一样地活着，但我将像个天使一样地死去，有人爱，有人关心。”真是太好了，我看到了他的伟大之处，他竟能说出那样的话。他那样地死去，不责怪任何人，不诅咒任何人，无欲无求。像天使一样――这便是我们的人民的伟大之所在。因此我们相信耶稣所说的话――我饥肠辘辘――我衣不蔽体――我 - 118 -
无家可归――我不为人所要，不为人所爱，也不为人所关心――然而，你却为我做了这一切。
I believe that we are not real social workers. We may be doing social work in the eyes of the people, but we are really contemplatives[修行者、沉思冥想的人] in the heart of the world. For we are touching the body of Christ twenty-four hours... And I think that in our family we don’t need bombs and guns, to destroy, to bring peace, just get together, love one another, bring that peace, that joy, that strength of presence of each other in the home. And we will be able to overcome all the evil that is in the world.
我想，我们算不上真正的社会工作者。在人们的眼中，或许我们是在做社会工作，但实际上，我们真的只是世界中心的修行者。因为，一天24小时，我们都在触摸基督的圣体。我想，在我们的大家庭时，我们不需要枪支和炮弹来破坏和平，或带来和平――我们只需要团结起来，彼此相爱，将和平、欢乐以及每一个家庭成员灵魂的活力都带回世界。这样，我们就能战胜世界上现存的一切邪恶。
And with this prize that I have received as a Prize of Peace, I am going to try to make the home for many people who have no home. Because I believe that love begins at home, and if we can create a home for the poor I think that more and more love will spread. And we will be able through this understanding love to bring peace be the good news to the poor. The poor in our own family first, in our country and in the world.
我准备以我所获得的诺贝尔和平奖奖金为那些无家可归的人们建立自己的家园。因为我相信，爱源自家庭，如果我们能为穷人建立家园，我想爱便会传播得更广。而且，我们将通过这种宽容博大的爱而带来和平，成为穷人的福音。首先为我们自己家里的穷人，其次为我们国家，为全世界的穷人。
To be able to do this, our Sisters, our lives have to be wove with prayer. They have to be woven with Christ to be able to understand, to be able to share. Because to be woven with Christ is to be able to understand, to be able to share. Because today there is so much suffering... When I pick up a person from the street, hungry, I give him a plate of rice, a piece of bread, I have satisfied. I have removed that hunger.
为了做到这一点，姐妹们，我们的生活就必须与祷告紧紧相连，必须同基督结结一体才能互相体谅，共同分享，因为同基督结合一体就意味着互相体谅，共同分享。因为，今天的世界上仍有如此多的苦难存在??当我从街上带回一个饥肠辘辘的人时，给他一 - 119 -
盘饭，一片面包，我就能使他心满意足了，我就能躯除他的饥饿。
But a person who is shut out, who feels unwanted, unloved, terrified, the person who has been thrown out from society-that poverty is so full of hurt and so unbearable... And so let us always meet each other with a smile, for the smile is the beginning of love, and once we begin to love each other naturally we want to do something.
但是，如果一个人露宿街头，感到不为人所要，不为人所爱，惶恐不安，被社会抛弃――这样的贫困让人心痛，如此令人无法忍受。因此，让我们总是微笑想见，因为微笑就是爱的开端，一旦我们开始彼此自然地相爱，我们就会想着为对方做点什么了。
(2)玫瑰是一个传说(Rose legend)
People have been passionate about roses since the beginning of time. In fact, it is said that the floors of Cleopatra's palace were carpeted with delicate rose petals, and that the wise and knowing Confucius had a 600-book library specifically on how to care for roses. 人类有史以来就钟情于玫瑰。据说，克娄巴特拉的宫殿的地面就铺满了娇嫩的玫瑰花瓣，博学的孔子有600册藏书专门讲述如何培育玫瑰。
The rose is a legend on its own. The story goes that during the Roman Empire, there was an incredibly beautiful maiden named Rhodanthe. Her beauty drew many zealous suitors who pursued her relentlessly. Exhausted by their pursuit, Rhodanthe was forced to take refuge from her suitors in the temple of her friend Diana. Unfortunately, Diana became jealous. And when the suitors broke down her temple gates to get near their beloved Rhodanthe, she became angry turning Rhodanthe into a rose and her suitors into thorns. 玫瑰本身就是一个传说。在罗马帝国时代，有一个名叫罗丹斯的美丽绝伦的少女。她的丽姿引来了无数狂热的求婚者锲而不舍地追求她。罗丹斯实在招架不住了，不得不到朋友狄安娜的神庙里躲避她的求婚者。不幸的是，狄安娜产生了嫉妒之心。当求婚者冲进了神庙的大门，要接近他们所爱恋着的罗丹斯时，狄安娜一怒之下将罗丹斯变成了一枝玫瑰花，将她的求婚者变成了花刺。
In Greek legend, the rose was created by Chloris, the Greek goddess of flowers. It was just a lifeless seed of a nymph that Chloris found one day in a clearing in the woods. She asked the help of Aphrodite, the goddess of love, who gave her beauty Dionysus, the god of wine, added nectar to give her a sweet scent, and the three Graces gave her charm, brightness and joy. Then Zephyr, the West Wind, blew away the clouds so that Apollo, the - 120 -
sun god, could shine and made this flower bloom. And so the Rose was born and was immediately crowned the Queen of Flowers.
在希腊传说中，玫瑰是希腊花神克罗斯创造的。当初玫瑰只是林中一个仙女的尚无生命的一粒种子。一天，花神克罗斯偶然在森林的一块空地上发现了它。克罗斯请求爱神阿佛洛狄特赋予了它美丽的容貌；让酒神狄俄尼索斯浇洒了神酒，使它拥有了芬芳的气味。又有美惠三女神将魅力、聪颖和欢乐赐予了它。随后，西风之神吹散了云朵，太阳神阿波罗得以照耀它并使它开花。玫瑰就这样诞生了，并立即被封为花中之皇后。
(3)沙漠里有朵小花
这个美丽的故事流传在美洲印第安土著中已近200年了，一朵荒漠中的小花，不是为了自己的艳丽，而执着于点缀这个世界的一角??
There was a young flower in the desert where all was dry and sad looking... It was growing by itself... enjoying every day... and saying to the sun "When shall I be grown up?" And the sun would say "Be patient - Each time I touch you, you grow a little..." She was so pleased. Because she would have a chance to bring beauty to this corner of sand... And this is all she wanted to do - bring a little bit of beauty to this world.
遍地干旱、满目悲凉的沙漠中有朵小花，她独自生长在那里，享受着每一天??她问太阳公公“我什么时候才能长大？”太阳公公总是说“要有耐心-- 我每次抚摸你，你都会长大一点??”小花好开心啊，因为她也有机会为沙漠的一隅增添美丽了??这是她毕生的心愿-- 为这个世界增添一丝美丽。
十六)佳言话人生
Good Thoughts to Keep in Mind
Imagine life as a game in which you are juggling some five balls in the air. You name them: Work, Family, Health, Friends, Spirit. And you re keeping all of these in the air. You will soon understand that work is a rubber ball. If you drop it, it will bounce back. But the other four balls-family, health, friends and spirit are made of glass. If you drop one of these, they will be irrevocably scuffed , marked, nicked , damaged or even shattered . They will never be the same. You must understand that and strive for balance in your life.
How?
Don t undermine your worth by comparing yourself with others. It is because we are - 121 -
different that each of us is special.
Don t set your goals by what other people deem important. Only you know what is best for you.
Don t take for granted the things closest to your heart. Cling to them as you would cling to your life, for without them, life is meaningless.
Don t let your life slip through your fingers by living in the past or for the future. By living your life one day at a time, you live ALL the days of your life.
Don t give up when you still have something to give. Nothing is really over until the moment you stop trying.
Don t be afraid to admit that you are less than perfect. It is this fragile thread that binds us each together.
Don t be afraid to encounter risks. It is by taking chances that we learn how to be brave. Don t shut love out of your life by saying it s impossible to find. The quickest way to receive love is to give; the fastest way to lose love is to hold it too tightly; and the best way to keep love is to give it wings.
Don t run through life so fast that you forget not only where you ve been, but also where you are going.
佳言话人生
把生活想象成一个在空中抛接五只球的游戏。这五只球被你分别称为：工作、家庭、健康、友谊和精神。你努力不让它们从空中掉下来。你马上就发现惟有工作是一个橡皮球。如果你将它掉到地上，它还会弹回来。但其它四只球——家庭、健康、朋友和精神都是玻璃的。如果你把任何一个掉到地上，便会不可挽回地留下疤痕、裂缝、受损甚至摔得粉碎。它们永远也无法恢复原样。你必须懂得这一点并在生活中努力保持平衡。 怎样做到这一点呢？
不要总拿自己与别人比从而贬低自身的价值。正因为我们彼此的差异不同，我们才会各有千秋。
别人认为重要，并不能作为你确定目标的根据。只有你自己知道，什么东西对你最好。
与你内心最贴近的东西，切莫等闲视之。要像坚守生命一样坚守住它们，因为失去它们，生活就会毫无意义。
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不要耽于过去或未来，而让生命从指间悄悄溜走。一次只活一天，活在今日，你就充实地活过生命中的每一天。如果你还可以付出，就不要轻言放弃。在你停止努力那一刻之前，什么都没有真正结束。
正因为我们都不完美，我们才会彼此需要。
不要害怕遭遇风险。只有通过冒险，我们才能学会如何变得勇敢。
别说真爱难求，而将爱拒之门于生活之外。获得爱的捷径是给予爱，失去爱的捷径是扼住爱，而守住爱的捷径是给爱插上翅膀。
不要一生奔忙，匆匆而过，以至于忘了自己从何而来，往何而去。
不要忘记一个人最大的感情需要是得到别人的理解。
不要害怕学习。知识没有重量：它是你随时可以轻松携带的宝藏。
不要漫不经心地打发时间或口无遮拦地说话，失去的时间和说出去的话都无法挽回。 生活不是一场赛跑，而是每一步都宜细细品尝的人生旅程。
昨天属于历史。明天是未知的谜。而今天是赐予我们的礼物：所以我们把“今天”称之为present。
十四)新年祝福语
Mom and Dad: Thank you for everything this holiday season!
爸爸妈妈：值此佳节，感谢您们所给予的一切。
I’ll be home to enjoy this Christmas with you.
我将回家与你们共度佳节。
A present from me is on the way. Hope you’ll like it.
寄上一份礼物，希望你们会喜欢。
I wish I were home for the holidays.
但愿我能回家共度佳节。
Thinking of you at New Year’s time.
佳节，我想念你们。
Best wishes from Mark, Janet and the kids.
马克、珍妮特和孩子们，谨呈最诚挚的祝福。
Warmest thoughts and best wishes from your daughter.
寄上无限的思念和最美好的祝愿，你们的女儿。
Season’s greetings from Xiao Li and Ming Ming.
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献上小丽和明明的节日问候。
A holiday wish from your son Tom.
寄上佳节的祝福，你们的儿子汤姆敬上。
May you have the best season ever.
愿你过个最愉快的节日。
A New year greeting to cheer you from your daughter.
愿女儿的祝福带给您欢乐。
Happy New year to the world’s best parents!
祝世界上最好的父母节日快乐！
Season’s greetings to my dearest parents!
祝我最亲爱的父母节日愉快！
Much joy to you in the upcoming year.
愿您在新的一年充满快乐。
Thank you for all you have done for us.
感谢您为我们所做的一切。
We’ll be here after the New Year.
新年过后，我们会再回来。
We won’t forget you this holiday season.
假期里，我们不会忘记您的。
Thank you for your hard work and patience on this holiday season.
值此佳节，谨对您的辛勤栽培表示感谢。
Thank you for not as signing homework this holiday season.
感谢您没有留假期作业。
I look forward to your class after the new year.
Wishing you and your family a very happy new year.
祝福您及全家圣诞快乐。
A happy new year from all of your students. 祝您新年快乐，您的全体学生敬上。 New year is a time for gladness and rejoicing …because there is no class.
新年是喜庆的日子——因为不用上课。
May happiness follow you everywhere …just like we do.
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愿快乐随时与您同在——如同我们与您寸步不离。 It’s really a shame we can’t be together at that moment. 我们不能在一起过春节真是太遗憾了。
Best wishes for you and your family.
祝福您及您的家人。
We offer New year blessings to you.
我们向您献上圣诞节的祝福！
For you and your family, boss, during this holiday season! 值此佳节，老板，献给您及您的家人。
there’s no place like home for the holidays.
在这佳节里，没有比家更好的地方了。
Best wishes for a wonderful new year.
献上最诚挚的祝福，祝您新年恰愉快。
May the joy of New year be with you throughout the year. 愿圣诞佳节的喜悦，伴随您在度过新的一年。
May joy and health be with you always.
祝您永远健康快乐。
May happiness follow you wherever you go!
愿您幸福快乐，直到永远永远。
A special card from your grandson.
您的孙子，寄上一张特别的卡片。
A new year wish from your nephew.
您的侄儿祝您新年快乐。
Wishing you and yours a happy happy new year.
万事如意，合家平安。
From all of us in sales: Happy New Year!
我们销售部全体人员祝您圣诞快乐！
Your entire staff wishes you and yours a most happy new year. 全体职员祝您及家人圣诞快乐。
To Grandpa and Grandma happy new year!
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献给爷爷奶奶：新年快乐！
Happy new year, my best friend.
祝我的挚友新年快乐。
A New Year greeting to cheer you, my good friend.
希望新年祝福给你带来欢乐，我的好朋友。
We will be having New Year Party at Wang Ping’s this year. You are welcome to join us! 今年我们要在王平家开新年晚会，欢迎你也来！
Take your passion and make it come true.
发挥你的热情，让理想变为现实。
I hope we can spend the holidays together.
希望我们能一起过春节。
To Hong from your good friends at Peking U.
送给红——北大的一群好友。
Best of luck in the year to come.
愿你在未来的一年里，吉星高照。
Wish all the best wishes for you.
献上最美好的祝愿。
Wish many good wishes for the holidays and the coming year.
新的一年，向你献上最诚挚的祝福。
Wishing you all the blessings of a beautiful season.
愿你拥有美丽的新年所有的祝福。
May its blessings lead into a wonderful year for you and all whom you hold dear. 祝福你及你所爱的人新的一年中万事如意。
To wish you special joy at the holidays and all year.
祝你在节日和新的一年中享有无限的快乐。
On this season I have but one thing to say: I love you.
值此佳节，我只有一句话要告诉你：我爱你
You’re the best present I ever received.
你是我所收到的最好的礼物。
I only want you for New year!
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我只要你作为我的新年礼物！
I give all my love to you this New year.
值此佳节，献上我对你所有的爱。
Even though we are apart, you are in my heart this season.
千山万水，隔不断我在佳节对你的思念。
I want you stuffed in my stocking.
我只要你塞在我的袜子里。
I want to be in your arms this New Year.
我要在你的怀抱里度过今年的春节。
My heart is my New Year present to you.
我的心就是我奉献给你的新年礼物。
You are the one for me this New Year and for many New Years to come. 在此新年和未来的每个新年里，你都是我唯一的爱！
I will be yours forever!
我永远属于你！
Let’s never spend our New Year apart.
让我们永不独享新年。
My arms are wide open for you this New Year.
我张开双臂，盼与你共度新春佳节。
Here’s a tender New Year kiss from you know who.
你的心上人献给你一个温柔的新年之吻。
I’m only thinking of you this New Year.
在此佳节，唯有你在心中。
I hope all of our New Year are this bright!
愿所有的春诞节都如此欢快明亮！
【英语对话练习】
一口气英语
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第一册
第1课
对话一
A: Long time no see. 好久不见。
B: Great to see you. 很高兴见到你。
A: So good to see you. 看见你真好。
B: Good to see you, too. 看见你真好。
A: What's going on? 有什么事发生？（打招呼）
B: Nothing much. ：没什么事。
A: What's up today? 今天有什么计划？
B: I've got a lot of things to do. 我有很多事要做。
A: Anything exciting? 有好玩的事吗？
B: Not really. 没什么事。
对话二
A: Great to see you. 很高兴见到你。
So good to see you. 看见你真好。
What's going on? 发生什么事？
B: Nothing much. 没什么事。
A: you look great. 你看起来很棒。
B: so do you. 你也是。
A: you look high-spirited. 你看起来精力充沛。
B: I'm really happy with my job. 我很喜欢我的工作。
A: You look like you're ready for anything. 你看起来准备好要做任何事了。 B: Always. 一直都是。
对话三
A: Great to see you. 很高兴见到你。
B: It's good to see you. 见到你真好。 I'm glad to see you. 很高兴见到你。 You're looking good. 你看起来气色很好。
A: What's going on ? 有什么事发生？
B: Not much. 没什么。 Same old thing. 老样子。I'm keeping busy. 我一直都很忙。 - 128 -
A: What's up today? 今天有什么计划？
B: Nothing special. 没什么特别的。 Just my regular schedule. 只是平常会做的事。 Just the same routine. 都只是例行公事。
A: Anything exciting. 有没有什么好玩的事？
B: Nothing that I know of. 据我所知都没有。 Same old.老样子。
I'm just doing what I normally do. 我只是做平常做的事。
第2课
A: Great class. 好棒的一课。Thank you,teacher. 老师，谢谢你。
You are the best. 你最棒。
B: Thanks for the compliment. 谢谢你的赞美。
A: I like your class. 我喜欢上你的课。 I learn so much. 我学到好多东西。 You can really teach. 你真是会教。
B: I do whatever I can for you. 我尽力为你们做。
A: You are interesting. 你真有趣。 You make it fun. 你上课很风趣。
B: I try my best. 我尽力。
A: You are a terrific teacher. 你教得很好。
B: Thank you. 谢谢。I appreciate that. 我很感谢。
第3课
对话一
A: You're an excellent teacher. 你教的很好。
B: That's nice to hear. 听到你这么说真高兴。
Thanks for the compliment. 谢谢你的称赞。
I'm glad you like the class. 我很高兴你喜欢这堂课。
A: You're never dull. 和你在一起绝不会无聊。
B: That's good to hear. 听到你这么说真高兴。
That's music to my ears. 很高兴听到你这么说。
You made my day. 你们让我很快乐。
A: You keep us on our toes. 你让我们专心上课。
B: That's my job. 那是我的工作。
That's why I am here. 那就是为什么我会来这里。
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I'm glad to hear that. 我很高兴听到你这么说。
A: I like your teaching. 我喜欢上你的课。
B: I'm glad you like it. 我很高兴你喜欢。
I appreciate hearing that. 感谢你这么说。
It's nice of you to say so. 你这么说真体贴。
对话二
A: Your material is great. 你的教材真好。
B: I'm glad you like it. 我很高兴你喜欢。 We try hard. 我们尽力。
Material is very important. 教材是很重要的。
A: Your methods are useful. 你的方法很有用。
B: I like to hear that. 听你这么说，我很高兴。
I do my best. 我尽力。 That's my goal. 那是我的目标。
A: You're full of pep. 你充满活力。
B: I like what I do. 我喜欢我的工作。
I try my best. 我尽力。 I enjoy teaching very much. 我非常喜欢教书。 A: I like your style. 我喜欢你的方式。
B: That's nice to hear. 听你这么说，我很高兴。
It's nice of you to say that. 你这么说人真好。
You made my day. 你使我非常高兴。
第4课
A: You're doing fine. 你做得很好。
B: Thank you. 谢谢你。 That's nice to hear. 很高兴听你这么说。
I appreciate it. 感谢你。
A: Keep on going. 再接再厉，继续努力。
B: I will. 我会的。 I'll do my best. 我会尽力。 I'll keep going. 我会不停地努力。 A: Am I doing this correctly? 我做的对吗？
B: You got it .你懂得怎么做。That's the way. 你的做法对
That's how to do it. 就是这么做。
A: Keep working hard. 继续努力。
B: OK. 好. No problem. 没问题。 You got it. 没问题
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第5课
对话一
A: Are you ready? 你准备好了吗？B: Let's go. 我们走吧。
A: Let's jet. 我们走吧。B: After you. 你先走。
A: Let's get out of here. 我们离开这里吧。
B: I'm with you. 我跟你一起走。
A: Where are you going? 你要去哪里？
B: I'm heading home. 我要回家。
A: Want to get a bite to eat? 要不要吃点东西？
B: Sure. Why not? 当然好。为什么不？
A: I could use a snack. 我有点想吃点心。
B: So could I. 我也想。
A: Let's go eat. 我们去吃吧。
B: Good idea. 好主意。
对话二
A: Let's go. 我们走吧。
B: OK. 好的 I'm ready. 我准备好了。 Let's get going. 我们走吧。 A: Are you heading home? 你要回家吗？
B: Yes, I am. 是的，我要。 I'm going home. 我要回家。
I've got a lot to do. 我有很多事要做。
A: Want to get a bite to eat? 要不要去吃点东西。
B: Sure. 好。 That sounds great. 听起来不错。 I'm with you. 我同意。 A: I could use a snack. 我有点想吃点心。
B: Me too. 我也是 That sounds good. 听起来不错。
Let's get a snack. 我们去吃点心吧。
第6课
A: Let's grab a bite. 我们去吃点东西吧
B: Good. I'm hungry ,too. ：好。我也饿了。
A: What do you feel like eating? 你想要吃什么？
B: You decide. 你决定。
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A: What do you recommend? 你推荐什么？
B: Something fast and convenient. 要又快又方便的。
A: How about McDonald's? 麦当劳如何？
B: Good idea. 好主意。
第7课
对话一
A: Are you ready to order? 您准备好点餐了吗？
B:Yes, I'll have a Big Mac. 是啊，我要一个麦香堡。
A: Anything else? 还要别的东西吗？
B: I'll have a samall fries and a large Coke. 我要一份小薯条和一大杯可口可乐。 A: Is that for here or to go? 是要在这里用还是外带？
B: That'll be for here. 是要在这里用的。
A: What would you like to drink? 您想要喝点什么？
B: I'd like a milk shake. 我要一杯奶昔。
A: What flavor would you like? 您要什么口味的？
B: Make it strawberry. 要草莓的。
对话二
A: I want a McChicken, small fries,and a small Coke.
我要一个麦香鸡，一份小薯条，和一小杯可口可乐。
B: OK, right away. 好的，马上来。
A: Can I have extra ketchup? 我可以多要一些番茄酱吗？
B: Sure. Here you are. 当然。拿去吧。
A: Can I have more napkins? 我可以多要一些纸巾吗？
B: Of course. Here you are. 当然。拿去吧。
A: Thank you. 谢谢你。
B: You are welcome. 不客气。
第8课
对话一
A: This is delicious. 真好吃。
B: I agree. 我同意。 It's tasty. 真好吃。 It's very nice. 非常好吃。 - 132 -
A: The flavor is awesome. 味道真棒。
B: It sure is. 的确是。 It's outstanding. 太棒了。 It's fantastic. 太棒了。 A: It's out of this world. 太棒了。
B: You're right. 你说的对。 It's very delicious. 真好吃。
It's the best I've ever tasted. 这是我所尝过最好吃的。
A: I could eat this all day. 太好吃了。我不会吃腻。
B: Me too. 我也是。 It really tastes great. 真是好吃。
I could eat this every day. 我每天吃这个东西也不会腻。
对话二
A: This tastes great! 真是可口！
B: Doesn't it ? 可不是吗？ It sure does. 的确是。 It's simply delicious. 真是好吃。 A: I love it. 我太喜欢了。
B: I like it, too. 我也喜欢。 It tastes great. 真好吃。
The flavor is excellent. 味道真棒。
A: It's mouth-watering. 真是好吃。
B: It really is. 的确是。 It's just great. 真是太棒了。 I like it a lot. 我很喜欢。 A: I can't get enough我欲罢不能。
B: Me either. 我也是 I just love it. 我太喜欢了
I can't stop eating this. 我真是欲罢不能。
对话三
A: This fish is out of this world. 这鱼真是好吃极了。
B: It sure is. 的确是。 It's delicious. 真好吃。 It tastes wonderful. 味道真棒。 A: I love this restaurant. 我非常喜欢这家餐厅。
B: Me too. 我也是。 It's very nice. 这家餐厅很好。
It's an excellent restaurant. 这是一家很棒的餐厅。
A: Mmmmm. It makes my mouth water. 恩！真是好吃。
B: Mine too. 我也觉得。 It's superb. 真是太棒了。 It tastes great. 太好吃了。 A: I could eat this all the time. 这个东西我永远也吃不腻。
B: So could I. 我也是。 I really like this. 我非常喜欢。
I could eat this every day. 我每天吃这个东西也不会腻。
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第9课
对话一
A: Have some more. 再多吃一点。
B: I'm full. 我吃饱了。 I'm stuffed. 我吃得很饱。
I can't eat another bite. 我一口也吃不下了。
A: Eat more. 再吃一点。
B: I ate too much. 我吃太多了。 I need a rest. 我需要休息。 I need to take it easy. 我需要轻松一下。
A: Don't be polite. Take some more. 不要客气。多吃点。
B: No, thank you. 不，谢谢你。 I've had enough. 我已经吃饱了。 That's plenty for me. 我已经吃很多了。
A: you can eat more than that. 你还可以吃更多。
B: I already ate too much. 我已经吃的太多了。
I'll gain weight. 我会变胖。 I don't want to get fat. 我不想变胖。 对话二
A: I'm full. 我吃饱了。
B: I don't believe you. 我不相信。 Keep eating. 再继续吃。 Try some more. 多吃点。
A: I ate too much. 我吃的太多了。
B: Take a rest休息一下。 Have a drink. 喝杯饮料。
Wait a little while. 等一下再吃。
A: I'll gain weight. 我会变胖。
B: Don't worry about it. 别担心。 You won't get fat. 你不会变胖。 You don't do this every day. 你又不是每天都这样。
A: I need to walk it off. 我需要用散步把它消耗掉。
B: That's a good idea. 好主意。 I'll join you. 我和你一起去。 Let's take a walk. 我们去散步吧。
第10课
对话一
A: Let's go for a walk. 我们去散步吧。
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B: Sounds great. 听起来很好。
Let's do it. 走吧。 I love to go for a walk我爱散步。.
A: Let's get some exercise. 我们去做些运动。
B: That's a great idea. 好主意。
I like that. 我喜欢。 That sounds good to me. 听起来不错。
A: A walk would do us good. 散步对我们有好处。
B: I agree. 我同意。 I'm with you. 我同意。You're exactly right. 你完全正确。 A: Walking is great. 散步很棒。
B: That's true. 没错。 I totally agree. 我完全同意。
I can’t agree with you more. 我非常同意。
对话二
A: walking is healthy. 散步有益健康。
B: It sure is. 的确是。 I know that. 我知道。
I walk as much as I can. 我尽可能多散步。
A: Walking is the best exercise there is. 散步是最好的运动。
B: That's so true. 没错。 I can't argue with that. 你说的对。
You can say that again. 你说的真对。
A: Where shall we go? 你说我们去哪里？
B: You choose. 你选择。You decide. 你决定。 Any place is fine. 任何地方都可以。 A: Any place in mind? 你有没有想到任何地方？
B: Anywhere is fine. 任何地方都可以。 I'll go anywhere. 我任何地方都去。 Where would you like to go? 你想去哪里？
第11课
对话一
A: I'm beat. 我好累。
B: Take a break. 休息一下。 Take a rest. 休息一下。 Rest a while. 休息一下。 A: I need to go home. 我必须回家。
B: I understand. 我了解。 It's getting late. 时间不早了。
You have lots of things to do. 你有很多事情要做。
A: I need to get back. 我必须回去。
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B: please stay. 请留下来。 Don't go. 不要走。 Keep me company. 和我做伴。 A: Let's call it a day. 我们今天到此为止。
B: Good idea. 好主意。 I agree. 我同意。 It's time to go. 是该走的时候了。 对话二
A: I'm bushed. 我好累。
B: I understand. 我了解。 I know you're tired. 我知道你累了。
Get some rest. :休息一下。
A: I'm exhausted. 我好累。
B: Take it easy. 放轻松。 Go get a drink. 去喝杯饮料。
Take a little break. 休息一下。
A: I can't stay. 我不能留下来。
B: Why not? 为什么？ It's early. 时间还早。
Please stay with me. 请留下来陪我。
A: I have to go. 我得走了。
B: Are you sure? 你确定吗？ Can't you stay? 你不能留下来吗？
Stay a while, please. 请在多留一会儿。
对话三
A: I need to go eat. 我需要去吃东西。
B: Would you like some company? 你想找人做伴吗？
Can I join you? 我可以和你一起去吗？ Let's eat together. 我们一去吃吧。 A: I need to go get a haircut. 我需要去理发。
B: I understand. 我知道。 Go ahead. 你去吧。 See you later. 待会儿见。 A: I have things to do. 我有事情要做。
B: No problem. 没问题。 Do what you have to do. 做你必须做的。 Take care of your business. 去处理你的事吧。
A: Let's call it quits. 我们今天到此为止。
B: Good idea. 好主意。 I agree. 我同意。 Let's stop. 我们停止吧。 第12课
对话一
A: I'm home. 我回来了。
- 136 -
B: Welcome home. 欢迎回家。 I'm glad you're here. 我很高兴你回来了。 It's good to see you. 很高兴看到你。
A: I had a great day. 我今天过的很愉快。
B: Good for you. 很好。 I am glad to hear that. 很高兴听到你这么说。 I'm so happy for you. 我很为你高兴。
A: Everything went right for me. 我每件事都很顺利。
B: Great. 太棒了。 You deserve it. 你应得的。
That's good to hear. 听到你这么说真高兴。
A: It's been a long day. 今天真是漫长的一天。
B: you must be tired. 你一定很疲倦了。 You must be beat. 你一定累坏了。 You need a rest. 你需要休息一下。
对话二
A: Everything went wrong for me. 我每件事都不顺利。
B: I'm sorry to hear that. 听你这么说我很遗憾。 That's too bad. 真是太糟了。 Tomorrow is a new day. 明天又是一个新的开始。
A: Today is my lucky day. 我今天运气真好。
B: Good for you. 太好了。 I'm glad to hear that. 听你这么说我很高兴。 Can you tell me why? 你能告诉我为什么吗？
A: It was a long day. 今天真是漫长的一天。
B: I agree. 我同意。 It was a long day. 今天真是漫长的一天。
Many things happened today. 今天发生了很多事。
A: I did so much. 我做了很多事。
B: Really? 真的吗？ Tell me about it. 告诉我事情的经过。
I'd like to hear what you did. 我想听听你做了些什么。
对话三
A: Today is really my day. 我今天运气真好。
B: Good for you. 太好了。 I'm glad to hear that. 听你这么说我很高兴。 Can you tell me about it? 你能告诉我事情的经过吗？A
A: There's no place like home. 没有一个地方比的上家。
B: You're so right. 你说的真对。 I totally agree. 我完全同意。
- 137 -
Home is the best. 家是最好的。
A: I had a bad day. 我今天真倒霉。
B: Sorry to hear that. 听你这么说，我觉得很遗憾。
That's too bad.真是太糟了。
Don't let it get you down. 不要因为这样而情绪低落。
A: It's been a good day. 今天运气真好。
B: Good for you. 太好了。 You deserve it. 这是你应得的。
I'm happy for you. 我真为你高兴。
第二册
第1课
对话一
A: I'm having a party. 我要举办宴会。
B: Great. 太棒了。 Wonderful. 太棒了。 When is it?是什么时候？
A: It's Friday night.是星期五晚上。
B: That's perfect. 太完美了。 Friday night is fine.星期五晚上很好。
What time? 什么时间？
A: It's at six.六点。
B: Sounds great.听起来很棒。 I'll be there.我会去。What should I bring?我该带些什么？ A: Just bring yourself.人来就可以了。
B: OK.好的。 I'll be there for sure.我一定会去。
Thank you for inviting me.谢谢你邀请我。
对话二
A: Are you free?你有空吗？
B: when?什么时候？ For what?有什么事吗？
What do you want to do?你想做什么？
A: I'm throwing a party.我要举办宴会。
B: Fantastic!太棒了。 I love parties!我喜欢宴会。
Tell me the time and date.告诉我时间和日期。
- 138 -
A: what's the occasion?有什么特别的事吗？
B: There is no special occasion.没什么特别的事。
It's just get-together.只是要聚一聚。
We’re going to relax and enjoy ourselves.我们要放轻松，好好玩一玩。 A: It won't be a party without you.没有你就不算是宴会。
B: Thanks.谢谢！ You flatter me.你使我受宠若惊。
I'll be there for sure.我一定会去的。
第2课
对话一
A: Excuse me, sir . I'm looking for a mall.先生，请问一下。我正在找购物中心。 B: Oh, you want to find a mall?哦，你想找购物中心吗？
Let me see.我想想看。 I'm sorry, I can't help you.很抱歉，我帮不了你。 A: Is there a mall around here?这附近有购物中心吗？
B: Yes, there is.是的，有。 I know of a mall.我听说有一家购物中心。 It's about a mile from here.离这里大约一英里。
A: Can you tell me where the mall is ?你能告诉我那个购物中心在哪里吗？ B: Sure, I can tell you.当然。我可以告诉你。
There is a mall about a minute from here.
离这里大约一分钟的路程，有个购物中心。
It's called The Mall of America.它叫“美国购物中心”。
A: Do you live here?你住在这里吗？
B: Yes, I do.是的，我住这里。 I'm a local.我是本地人。
I've lived here all my life.我从小就住这里。
对话二
A: Do you know this area?你对这个地区熟吗？
B: Yes, I know it pretty well.是的，我对这个地区很熟。
I'm familiar with this area.我很熟悉这个地区。
What do you want to know?你想知道什么？
A: Excuse me, ma'am, I'm trying to find a mall.对不起，小姐。我想找购物中心。 B: OK. There is a mall not too far away.好的。有一家购物中心离这里不远。 - 139 -
You can walk there from here.你可以从这里走去那里。
It's about half an hour away.大约半小时的路程。
A: Are you a local?你是本地人吗？
B: Yes, I'm a resident.是的，我是本地人。 I'm from here.我是本地居民。 I've lived here for several years.我在这里住了好几年了。
A: Is there a mall nearby?这附近有购物中心吗？
B: Sorry, I don't know.抱歉，我不知道。 I have no idea.我不知道。 I don't have a clue.我一无所知。
第3课
A:Customer（顾客）; B:Salesperson（售货员）
对话一
A: I'm looking for a pen.我要找一支圆珠笔。我想买一支圆珠笔。 B: We have so many kinds.我们有很多种。
Are you looking for something. Special?你要找什么特别的笔吗？ Have anything in mind?你想买哪一种？
A: I want a ballpoint pen.我想买一支圆珠笔。
B: Here is what we have.我们有这些。
What brand do you like?你喜欢哪种品牌？
What color are you looking for?你要找什么颜色的？
A: Do you have any good ones?你们有没有什么好的？
B: Sure.当然有。
We have many nice pens.我们有很多很好的笔。
Take a look at these.你看看这些笔。
A: What's on sale?有什么特价品？
B: We have some really good deals.我们有些超值商品。
What's your price range?你的预算是多少？
How much do you want to spend?你打算花多少钱买？
对话二
A: What's your best buy?跟你们买什么最划算？
B: We have many good deals.我们有很多划算的东西。
- 140 -
Everything here is discounted.这里每样东西都有打折。
These things are all on sale.这些东西都有特价品。
A: Do you have any specials?你们有没有什么特价品？
B: Sure.当然有。 We have specials.我们有特价品。
Our prices can't be beat.我们的价钱是最低的。
A: I like this!我喜欢这个。
B: That's a good choice.你选得不错。 That's a popular brand.这个品牌很受欢迎。 We sell a lot of those.我们卖了很多。
A: How much is it?这个多少钱？
B: It's only a hundred dollars.只要一百元。
How are you going to pay?你要怎么付钱？
Cash or credit card?是付现金还是刷卡？
第4课
对话一
A: Can you lower the price?你能不能降低价格？
B: I'm sorry, I can't.很抱歉，没办法。 Our prices are fixed.我们的价格是固定的。 That's our store policy.这是我们商店的政策。
A: Can you make it cheaper?你能不能便宜一点？
B: Ah, let me see.啊，让我想一想。 I think we can.我想应该可以。
Let me ask my manager.让我问一下经理。
A: That's way too high.那个价格真是太高。
B: I'm sorry you think so.你认为如此，我觉得很遗憾。
That's the regular price.通常都是这个价钱。
It's the cheapest price around.这是附近最便宜的价钱了。
A: That's too expensive.太贵了。
B: I'll lower the price just for you.我只为你降价。
I can give you a deal.我可以给你一个好价钱。
I can take five dollars off.我可以少算五元。
对话二
A: How about a deal?能不能给我一个好价钱？
- 141 -
B: That's difficult.那很难。 That's not easy.那不容易。
I have to get permission.我必须得到许可。
A: How about 20% off?打个八折如何？
B: I can give you 10% off.我可以打你九折。
That is the lowest I can go.这是我所能给的最低价钱。
That's the final price.绝对不能再少了。
A: I can't afford it.我买不起。 Please help me out.请你帮帮我的忙。 I'd really appreciate it.我会非常感激。
B: Maybe I can help.我也许帮得上忙。
Let me see what I can do.我想想看我能做些什么。
I think we can lower the price.我想我们可以降低价格。 第5课
对话一
A: Happy birthday!生日快乐！
B: Thank you.谢谢你。 You're so sweet.你真可爱。
How did you know?你怎么知道的？
A: Happy New Year!新年快乐！
B: Thanks!谢谢！ You too!你也是。
Have a happy new year, too.也祝你新年快乐。
A: Merry Christmas.圣诞快乐！
B: You too.你也是。 Merry Christmas to you.也祝你圣诞快乐！ Have a wonderful holiday!假期愉快！
A: We should celebrate.我们应该庆祝一下。
B: Good idea!好主意！ We should!我们的确应该。
Yes, let's celebrate!好，我们去庆祝吧！
对话二
A: It's your special day.今天是你特别的日子。
B: Not really.没什么。 It's not that special.没那么特别。
It's just another day.只是平常的一天而已。
A: Have a super day.祝你有美好的一天。
- 142 -
B: Thanks.谢谢！ You too.你也是。 You have one,too.也祝你有美好的一天。 A: Enjoy yourself.好好去玩。
B: OK. I will.好，我会的。 I'll try.我会试试。 I'll do my best.我会尽力。 A: I wish you all the best.祝你万事如意。
B: You too.你也是。 I wish you well.祝福你。 Thank you very much.非常谢谢。 第6课
对话一
A: Here’s a little something.这是个小东西。
B: Thank you.谢谢！ You're too kind.你太客气了。
I don't deserve it.我受之有愧。
A: I got this for you.这是我带来送给你的。
B: Yor're so nice.你人真好。 What can I say?我能说什么呢？
I'm overwhelmed.我太高兴了。
A: It's not much.这不值多少钱。
B: I like it.我喜欢。 It's great.这太棒了。 It's the thought that counts.心意最重要。 A: You deserve the best.你应该得到最好的。
B: No.I don't.不，我没有。 You flatter me.我真是受宠若惊。
I'm speechless.我不知该说什么。
对话二
A: You deserve more.你应该得到更多。
B: Not really.没有啦。 Don't say that.别这么说。 This is just fine.这就很好了。 A: You're one of a kind.你非常特别。
B: Thank you very much.非常感谢你。What a nice compliment!多么好的赞美啊！ I don't deserve such praise.这样的赞美我不敢当。
A: You're really great.你真是太棒了。
B: You too.你也是。 You're great, too. 你也很棒。
You're better than I am.你比我更优秀。
A: I hope you like it.我希望你喜欢。
B: I know I'll like it.我知道我会喜欢的。 It's just what I needed.这正是我所需要的。 It's just what I always wanted.这正是我一直想要的。
- 143 -
第7课
对话一
A: Thank you so much.真是谢谢你。
B: You're welcome.不客气。 It's nothing.没什么。 Don't mention it.别客气。 A: It's wonderful.这东西真棒。
B: That's good.那很好。 You deserve it.这是你应得的。
I'm glad you like it.我很高兴你喜欢。
A: It's what I always wanted.这是我一直想要的。
B: Really?真的吗？ That's great.太好了。
I was hoping you'd say that.我就希望你这么说。
A: How did you know?你怎么知道的？
B: A little bird told me.消息灵通的人士告诉我的。
I heard it through the grapevine.我有内幕消息。
My spies told me.我的间谍告诉我的。
对话二
A: It's just what I needed.这正是我需要的。
B: That's great.太好了。 That's nice to hear.听到你这么说真好。
That's just what I wanted to hear.这正是我想听到的。
A: You’re so thoughtful.你真是体贴。
B: Not really.没有啦。 I just do my best.我只是尽力而已。
I'm glad you think so.很高兴你这么认为。
A: I'm really grateful.我真的很感谢。
B: Any time.随时愿意效劳；不客气。
No problem.不客气。 Don't say that.别这样说。
A: I can't thank you enough.感激不尽。
B: My pleasure.这是我的荣幸。 Don't say another word.别再说了。 It's the least I can do.这是我最起码能做的。
第8课
对话一
A: What can I say?我该说什么呢？
- 144 -
B: Don't say anything.什么都别说。 Just accept it.收下就是了。
You deserve it.这是你应得的。
A: You shouldn't have. 你不该这么做的。
B: I enjoyed it.我喜欢这么做。 It was a pleasure.这是我的荣幸。
It's the least I could do.这是我最起码能做的。
A: I really don't deserve it.我实在不敢当。
B: Sure you do.你当之无愧。 Of course you do.你当然值得。
No one deserves it more.没有人比你更应该得到。
A: You are too good to me.你对我太好了。
B: No, I'm not.不，我没有。 Don't say that,你别这么说。
I do what I like to do.我只做我喜欢做的。
对话二
A: I really like this gift.我真的很喜欢这个礼物。
B: That's great!太好了。 I'm so relieved.那我就放心了。 I'm so happy.我很高兴。 A: It's very useful.这个东西很实用。
B: I hope so.我希望是。 I was hoping you would say that.我就希望你这么说。 I hope it'll come in handy.我希望这个可以派上用场。
A: I was going to buy one.我本来要买一个。
B: I knew you needed one.我知道你需要。
That's why I got it.这就是我为什么买它的原因。
I hope I saved you some trouble.我希望能为你省去一些麻烦。
A: You read my mind.你真是了解我。
B: You are a good friend.你是我的好朋友。
I know the way you think.我知道你的想法。
I know everything about you.我知道你的一切。
第9课
A: This is topnotch.这东西真高级。
B: I agree.我同意。 You're right.你说得对。 It's excellent.这东西真棒。 A: I'm very impressed.真令我心动。
B: So am I.我也是。 Me too.我也是。 It's very impressive. 这东西真是令人心动。 - 145 -
A: It must be worth a lot. 这一定很值钱吧。
B: I bet you're right.你说得对。
I’m sure it is.肯定是。 It looks expensive.看起来很贵。
A: I like it so much.我非常喜欢。
B: So do I.我也是。 It's really nice.这真是太棒了。 I like it, too.我也喜欢。 第10课
对话一
A: I'm so lucky!我真是幸运。
B: You deserve it.这是你应得的。 You earned it.你努力得来的。
It's not luck.这并不是运气。
A: I'm really blessed!我真幸福。
B: I agree.我同意。 You are blessed.你很幸福。
You are very fortunate.你非常幸运。
A: Everything is perfect.一切都很完美。
B: You're right.你说得对
Things are great.一切都很好。 Enjoy it while it lasts.要及时行乐。
A: Everything is going my way.每件事都很顺利。
B: That's great.太棒了。 Lucky you.你真幸运。 Good for you.太好了。 对话二
A: You are the reason why.就是因为你的缘故。
B: Not really.不完全是。 I disagree.我不同意。 You did it.是因为你。 A: Thanks a bunch.非常感谢。
B: Anytime.随时愿意效劳。
You're welcome.不客气。 It's my pleasure.这是我的荣幸。
A: I owe you a lot.我非常感谢你。
B: Don't say that.别这么说。 That's not true.那不是事实。
That's what friends are for.朋友就是该互相帮忙。
A: I'm a lucky dog.我真是幸运。
B: You sure are.你的确是。 You can say that again.你说得对。
Don't forget it.不要忘了。
- 146 -
第11课
对话一
A: Do you need a ride?你要搭便车吗？
B: Yes, I do.是的，我要。 I could use one.我想搭便车。
Thanks for asking.谢谢你问我。
A: Can I give you a lift?我能送你吗？（你要搭便车吗？）
B: No,thank you.不用，谢谢。 I already have a ride.我有便车可搭了。 I appreciate the offer.谢谢你的提议。
A: How are you getting home?你怎么回家？
B: I don't know.我不知道。 I'm not sure yet.我还不确定。
I haven't decided.我尚未决定。
A: Let me take you.让我载你吧。
B: That would be great!太棒了。 When are you leaving?你什么时候要走？ I’m ready whenever you are.只要你准备好，我随时都可以。
对话二
A: Let me drive you.让我开车载你。
B: That sounds great.听起来很棒。 I need a ride.我需要搭便车。
I’m ready anytime.我随时都准备好了。
A: Ride with me.和我一起坐车。
B: No,thanks.不了，谢谢。 I drove here.我开车来的。 I have my car.我有车。 A: I enjoy your company.我喜欢你陪我。
B: Thanks.谢谢。 It's kind of you to say so.你这么说人真好。
I enjoy your company. too.我也喜欢你陪我。
A: It'd be my pleasure.这将是我的荣幸。
B: Are you sure?你确定吗？ Do you mean it?你是认真的吗？
I don't want to trouble you.我不想麻烦你。
第12课
对话一
A: Thanks for the ride.谢谢你开车载我。
B: Any time.不客气。 It's my pleasure.这是我的荣幸。
- 147 -
You're more than welcome.真的不客气。
A: You're a good driver.你很会开车。
B: You think so?你这么认为吗？
Thank you.谢谢。 You flatter me.你使我受宠若惊。
A: I owe you one.我欠你一次人情。
B: No,you don't.不，你没有。
Don't say that.别这么说。 We're friends.我们是朋友。
A: You've helped me a lot.你帮我很多忙。
B: Don't mention it.不客气。 Don't be polite.不客气。
You don't need to say that.你不必这么说。
对话二
A: You've saved me a lot of trouble.你帮我省掉很多麻烦。
B: It was noting.没什么。 I'm glad I could help.我很高兴能帮上忙。 Anything for a friend.为了朋友，两肋插刀，在所不辞。
A: Take care.保重。
B: I will.我会的。 Don't worry.别担心。 I'll be careful.我会小心的。 A: Drive safely.开车注意安全。
B: I sure will.我一定会。
I always do.我总是如此。 I'm very careful.我非常小心。
A: Catch you tomorrow.明天见。
B: OK.好的。 See you tomorrow.明天见。 Have a good one.再见。
第三册
第一课
对话一
A: Hey!
B: Hi! What's up? What's going on?
A: How're you doing?
B: I'm doing great. I'm having a good day. Everything is fine.
- 148 -
A: Thanks for stopping.
B: You're welcome. It's my pleasure. That's my job.
A: Downtown, please.
B: OK. You got it. Whereabouts downtown?
对话二
A: I just arrived. B: Welcome. Glad to have you.
Hope you enjoy your stay.
A: I want to see the sights.
B: Sure thing. No problem. I can take you where you want to go. A: Over here.
B: OK. I'm coming.
I'll be right there.
A: I want to go downtown.
B: At your service! I'll take you there. Any place in particular? 第二课
对话一
A: I'm looking for fun.
B: Tell me what kind. Tell me what you like. I can help you out. A: I want some excitement.
B: Me too. I'll join you. Let's go have some fun.
A: Where should I go?
B: It depends on you. There are lots of places.
You can go anywhere you like.
A: Where is the action?
B: The action is downtown. It's in the city.
It's near the theater district.
对话二
A: Where is a happening place?
B: I know a great place. It's pretty wild. It's always packed with people. A: Where do people go?
- 149 -
B: Most people walk around the shopping district.
Some people go to the malls. Others like the club scene.
A: Please fill me in.
B: No problem. You got it. I'll tell you all I know.
A: Please give me the lowdown.
B: Here's what I know. That area is really hot. There is a lot of action there. 第三课
对话一
A: I need some help. I'd like your advice.
B: Sure. What do you need? I hope I can help you.
A: Where's a good place to eat?
B: It depends. What do you want? How much do you want to spend? A: I want good food.
B: OK. I know a few places. Would you like me to take you there? A: I want a great meal.
B: I know a nice place. Their food is delicious. It's not far from here. 对话二
A: I want the best food around.
B: There is only one place. It's really the best. Their food is very famous. A: Where do the locals go?
B: There are several places.
They are all popular. I'll show you the best one.
A: Where's a popular place?
B: I know a great place. It's called Ruth's Chris. You’ll like it for sure. A: I want to eat where the locals eat.
B: Good idea. Smart choice. The locals know the best places.
第四课
对话一
A: What's the fare?
B: Let me see. It's seventy-five. Your fare is seventy-five dollars. - 150 -
A: How much do I owe you?
B: It's seventy dollars. The fare is seventy. You owe me seventy dollars. A: How much should I pay?
B: The meter says seventy.
The toll is forty. Your total is one hundred and ten.
A: Here you go. Here is one hundred.
B: Thank you. I appreciate it. Have a good day.
对话二
A: Just give me twenty back.
B: OK. Here you are. Here is your change.
A: Keep the rest.
B: Thanks. Thanks a lot. Have a great day.
A: That's your tip.
B: You're very kind. You're very generous. Thanks a bunch. A: Have a good one.
B: You too. Enjoy the day. Hope to see you again.
第五课
对话一
A: Here we are.
B: Great. I'm excited. I'm glad we are here.
A: We made it.
B: wonderful. That was fast! We got here in no time at all.
A: This is it.
B: Alright. Looks nice. Let's go in.
A: This is the place.
B: Really? It looks great. I'm very excited.
对话二
A: It looks good.
B: I agree. You are right. It ready looks nice.
A: Let's go in.
- 151 -
B: OK. I'm ready. Let's do it.
A: Let's check it out.
B: I'm with you. Let's go for it. Let's take a look.
A: Let's give it a try.
B: Good idea! I can't wait! Let's give it a shot.
第六课
对话一
A: Table for two.
B: Hello. Welcome. Right this way.
A: Nonsmoking section.
B: Sure. We can do that. Please follow me.
A: Can we sit by a window?
B: Of course. Let me see. Yes, we have a table over there.
A: Two menus. Please.
B: No problem. I'll get them. I'll be right back.
对话二
A: We're in a hurry.
B: I understand. We will do our best. You should make it in time. A: We're pressed for time.
B: Then order the special. They make it fast. It'll be here in no time. A: What's today's special?
B: Our special is roast beef.
That includes side dishes. The dessert is cheesecake.
A: What are you famous for?
B: Our prime rib is number one. Everybody likes it. You'll like it for sure. 第七课
对话一
A: We know what we want.
B: That's good. I'm glad. That makes it easier.
A: We're ready to order.
- 152 -
B: OK. Here I come. I'm ready when you are.
A: Can you take our order now?
B: I sure can. Just a second. I'll be right there.
A: I'll have the special.
B: Good choice! It's very popular. I think you'll like it.
对话二
A: She'll try the combo.
B: One combo it is. What side dishes do you want?
Which salad dressing do you prefer?
A: We both want salads with that.
B: Caesar or garden salads? Small or medium? They're coming right up. A: Ice water for her.
B: No problem. Sure thing. I'll get it right away.
A: That's it for now.
B: Are you sure? How about dessert?
Let me know if you change your mind.
第八课
对话一
A: Eat up!
B: OK. I will. I'll do my best.
A: Eat some more.
B: I can’t. I'm stuffed. I can't eat another bite.
A: Eat as much as you can.
B: No problem. Whatever you say. I'll eat a lot.
A: Fill up!
B: You got it! Don't worry. I'm really hungry.
对话二
A: Keep eating.
B: Relax. I'm taking a break. I'll eat some more in a minute.
A: You can eat more than that.
- 153 -
B: I really can't. That's it. That's all I can eat.
A: Don't be polite.
B: I won't be. I'll help myself. Don't worry about me.
A: You can't be full!
B: I'm sorry I am. I'm really full. I'm totally stuffed.
第九课
对话一
A: I like this place.
B: Me too. It's great It's really nice.
A: It's my kind of place.
B: I agree. I like it, too. It's a great place.
A: It's just perfect for me.
B: I'm with you. I totally agree. That makes two of us.
A: It's comfortable.
B: It sure is! It really is! It's so relaxing.
对话二
A: I feel right at home.
B: so do I. I know how you feel. This place is really special. A: what a nice place!
B: You're right. It's awesome. This place is fantastic.
A: I can be myself here.
B: I feel the same way. It's just like home. This is the place for me. A: I could stay here all day.
B: So could I. It's just perfect. I really love this place.
第十课
对话一
A: We're ready.
B: OK. I'll bring your check. I'll be right back.
A; we're done.
B: I understand. I'll get your check. I'll be right with you. - 154 -
A: Check, please.
B: Sure thing. You got it! Just give me a second.
A: we're set to go.
B: I'll bring your bill. I'll be back in a minute. I hope you enjoyed the meal. 对话二
A: please bring our bill.
B: Coming right up. Are you all together? Who gets the check? A: we're all together.
B: No problem. No separate checks. I'll put it all on one.
A: Do you take this card?
B: Yes, we do. We sure do. We take all major credit cards.
A: Do I pay you or the cashier?
B: It's up to you. Do as you please. You can pay here or at the door. 第十一课
对话一
A: Excuse me a moment.
B: No problem. Don't be polite. Do what you have to do.
A: I'll be right back.
B: Take your time. You don't have to rush. I'm not in a hurry.
A: please wait for me.
B: You got it. I'll be right here. I'm not going anywhere.
A: Nature’s calling.
B: I understand. Go ahead. I'll see you in a little bit.
对话二
A: I need to use the facilities.
B: I want to go, too. I'll go after you. I'll wait till you get back.
A: where's the bathroom?
B: I'm not sure. It might be that way. You're asking the wrong person. A: which way should I go?
B: Go straight down this hallway.
- 155 -
Turn right at the corner. You'll see it on your left.
A: where can I find a restroom?
B: I'm sorry. I don't know. Your guess is as good as mine. 第十二课
对话一
A: It's about that time.
B: I agree. Yes, it is. Our time is almost up.
A: It's time to say good-bye.
B: I know. I have to leave. We must go our separate ways. A: I have to get going.
B: So do I . It's getting late. I have to hit the road.
A: I hate to leave.
B: Me too. I want to stay. I really like it here.
对话二
A: I don't want to go.
B: I understand. I know how you feel. I like this place a lot. A: It's been a lot of fun.
B: It really has. It's been a great time. It's been a really good time. A: You take care. You take it easy.
B: I will. The same to you. See you again.
A: Let's get together again real soon.
B: I'd like that. That's a great idea. Let's meet again real soon.
第四册
第一课
对话一
A: I'm going to New York.
B: Good choice. It's a great city. It's the perfect time to go. A: I'm leaving next Friday.
- 156 -
B: Friday is convenient. There are more flights on Friday.
Leave early and beat the afternoon rush.
A: I'd like a round-trip ticket.
B: You got it. It's no problem at all. I'll get you a round-trip ticket. A: I want to go economy.
B:That might be difficult. Economy class is usually full.
You might have to go standby.
对话二
A: Do you have special fares?
B: we have a couple.
They require a longer stay. They require that you stay one week. A: Do you have promotional rates?
B: We have one at the moment.
It's with a new airline. It's buy one, get one free!
A: My departure time flexible.
B: That's helpful. That's a big help. You'll get a flight for sure. A: I want an unbeatable price.
B: I'll try. I'll do my best. I'll give it my best shot.
第二课
对话一
A: I'm checking in.
B: Welcome! Thank you for choosing our airline.
May I see you ticket, please?
A: Here's my ticket and passport.
B: Thank you. Let me check everything. I'll verify your information. A: I have two bags and one carry-on.
B: Please tag your bags. Let's weight your bags. That's my job. A: I want an aisle seat.
B: I have bad news. The aisle seats are all booked.
How about a window or middle seat?
- 157 -
对话二
A: I want to sit in the front.
B : We can do that. That won't be a problem.
We have plenty of seats available.
A: Can you get me a first row seat?
B: It's your lucky day! We have one seat left!
I can give you the last seat available.
A: How about the emergency row?
B: The emergency row is full. We have no open seats.
All the seats are booked.
A: Please try your best.
B: Don't worry, I will. I'll do my best.
I know this is important to you.
第三课
对话一
A: Could I have a blanket?
B. I'll get you one! Do you need anything else?
A: Could I have an apple juice?
B: I'm out of apple juice. Let me get some more. I'll be back in a jiffy. A: Could I have a cup of hot water?
B: Sure thing! Coming right up! Is that all?
A: I'm not in a hurry.
B: You're too kind. You don't need to say that. I can help you right now. 对话二
A: I can wait.
B: How polite! You're thoughtful! That's a kind thing to say. A: When do we eat?
B: Dinner is in one hour. Our evening snack is at 9.
Breakfast will be served at 7. a .m
A: When do we arrive?
- 158 -
B: We'll arrive at 8:30 a.m.
We arrive in eleven hours. Arrival time is 8:30 a.m.
A: How long till we get there?
B: We have eleven more hours. We'll be there in eleven hours. We'll get there in about eleven hours.
第四课
对话一
A: Here's my immigration form.
B: Thanks. I’ll take it. Let's take a look. Everything looks OK. A: My return ticket is inside.
B: I see it. I got it. Yes, it's right here.
A: I just arrived from Taiwan.
B: Good for you. That's nice place.
I've heard many good things about Taiwan.
A: I'm here on vacation.
B: Enjoy yourself. Have a good time. See as much as you can. 对话二
A: I have a tourist visa.
B: Yes, I see that. I know. You can only stay two months. A: I'll be in the states for two weeks.
B: That's too short. I hope you love it. Do as much as you can. A: I'll be staying at the Holiday Inn.
B: I'll write that down. That's your contact address. Let us know if you move.
A: Thank you for helping me.
B: Don't mention it. That's my job. You are very welcome. 第五课
对话一
A: I'd like to book a room.
B: I can help you. Please give me some date.
- 159 -
Please give me some more information
A: I'd like to make a reservation.
B: Thank you for calling. It's a pleasure to serve you.
What date would you like to reserve?
A: I need it for tonight.
B: Give me a second. Let me check our list.
Yes, we can accommodate you.
A: I prefer twin beds.
B: That might be difficult. All our twin-bed rooms are booked.
I could put you on our waiting list.
对话二
A: Do you have any vacancies?
B: Sorry, we're all booked up. We're full right now.
We don't have anything available.
A: What are your rates?
B: Our weekday rates start at $ 69. Our weekend rates start at $ 99. For holidays and the high season, add twenty dollars.
A: What can you do for me?
B: Let me look into it. I'll see what I can do. I promise I'll do my best. A: Do you have a complimentary breakfast?
B: We sure do! Of course we do! We aim to please!
第六课
对话一
A: I have a reservation. I'm here to check in.
B: You came to the right place. Please fill out this form. I can check you in. A: What do I have to do?
B: First, show me your ID. Second, sign your name right here. Third, you must pay deposit.
A: Here's my passport.
B: Thank you. May I see it for a moment? I need to check a few things. - 160 -
A: Here's my credit card.
B: Thanks, I'll need it. I have to check it. I'll bring it right back. 对话二
A: Should I fill out a form?
B: Yes, please. We need your information. You must complete this form. A: I'd like a quiet room.
B: That's no problem. All our rooms are quiet.
I'll put you at the end of the hall.
A: I'd like a room with a view.
B: You're in luck. We have some top floor vacancies.
I'll put you in one of those rooms.
A: Can I see the room first?
B: Of course, you can. Please wait a minute.
I'll arrange for someone to escort you.
第七课
对话一
A: Hello, room service?
B: This is room service. How may I help you? How can I be of service? A: Could I have my room cleaned right now?
B: You sure can. We'll get right to it. We'll send someone right up. A: I'd like extra towels.
B: No problem at all. Extra towels it is! Extra towels coming right up. A: I'd like a toothbrush and a razor.
B: I'll send up a toothbrush right away. I'm sorry, we don't supply razors. Our gift shop has razors for sale.
对话二
A: Please bring me a pot of hot water.
B: We'll get right on it. We'll have it ready.
One pot of boiled water coming up.
A: I have dirty laundry.
- 161 -
B: We'll take care of it. We'll be up to get it.
Our laundry service is available 24 hours.
A: I have clothes to be washed.
B: We do laundry here. We also dry-clean clothes.
We even have a coin -operated Laundromat.
A: What should I do?
B: Just sit tight. Fill out the laundry form.
We'll be there in a minute to get your clothes.
第八课
对话一
A: Does this bus go downtown?
B: It sure does! Get on! Climb aboard!
A: How much does it cost?
B: It costs one dollar. The fare is a buck. The fare is one dollar. A: How do I pay?
B: Pay when you get on. Put your money in the slot.
Put your money right in the machine.
A: I want the shopping district.
B: That's a great area.
That's a good place to see. This bus goes right by there. 对话二
A: How long does it take?
B: It takes about twenty minutes.
It usually takes around twenty minutes.
Downtown is twenty minutes from here.
A: How many stops are there?
B: There are ten stops. It's ten stops to get downtown. Downtown is ten stops from here.
A: Please tell me where to get off.
B: I'll tell you right now. I'll also tell you when we get there. - 162 -
You want the City Square stop.
A: Please tell me one stop ahead.
B: OK. Can do. I'm glad I can help you out.
第九课
对话一
A: Nice meeting you.
B: You too. I agree. I enjoyed meeting you, too.
A: Nice talking to you.
B: Yes, it was. I enjoyed it, too. It was a real pleasure. A: I enjoyed our chat.
B: So did I! It was very nice. Let's do it again soon.
A: Let's keep in touch.
B: Great idea. I'd like that a lot. I'd like to keep in touch with you. 对话二
A: Call me if you'd like.
B: OK, I will. That would be nice. I promise to give you a call. A: Good luck.
B: Good luck I to you. too.
Good luck in the future. Good luck with everything.
A: Have a great one.
B: Thank you, I will. The same to you. You have nice day too. A: I hope we can meet again.
B: We'll meet again. Let's meet for sure.
I look forward to seeing you again.
第十课
对话一
A: This is room 704
B: What is it? What can I do for you? How can I be of service? A: I'm leaving today.
B: I understand. I'll total up your bill. I'll get everything ready. - 163 -
A: What time is checkout?
B: Checkout time is 11 a.m. You must check out by 11.
Our checkout time is 11 a .m.
A: Can I check out late?
B: I can't answer that. Please hold the line.
I'll connect you with my supervisor.
对话二
A: Can I stay another two hours?
B: That sounds OK. We can allow that. Let me notify house keeping. A: It would really help me out .
B: I'm glad to help. We're happy to serve you. We try to satisfy. A: That would be great.
B: I'm glad to hear that. We're glad we can help. We aim to please. A: I'd really be grateful if I could check out late.
B: I'll take care of it. You're a loyal customer.
We look forward to seeing you again.
第十一课
对话一
A: Are you all packed?
B: Yes, I am! I sure am! I packed an hour ago.
A: Are you ready to go?
B: You bet I am! I'm all set. I'm really ready to go.
A: Make sure you have everything.
B: I will. You're right. That's good advice.
A: Don't forget anything.
B: Don't worry. I made a list. I won't forget a thing.
对话二
A: Don't leave anything behind.
B: I never do. I'm very careful. I always double-check.
A: Take a second look around.
- 164 -
B: I already have. I already did. Relax, everything is Ok.
A: Check again.
B: Good idea. OK, I will. I'll check one more time, just to be sure. A: Better safe than sorry.
B: I totally agree. I always say that, too. You can never be too careful. 第十二课
对话一
A: Hello, front desk?
B: Yes, this is the front desk. Can I help you? May I be of any help? A: I'm getting ready to check out.
B: Thank you for calling. We'll prepare your bill.
We'll be ready to check you out.
A: I'll be down in ten minutes.
B: We'll be waiting. We're ready for you. Thank you for notifying us. A: Please check my room.
B: We'll be right there. We'll do it right away.
Housekeeping will be there in a minute.
对话二
A: I haven't used the fridge.
B: I'll note that. I'll write that down. I'll tell the checkout person. A: I need to get to the airport.
B: There's an airport bus. It runs every hour.
You can catch it on the corner up the street.
A: Do you have a shuttle bus?
B: Sorry, we don’t have a shuttle.
We do have a limo. I could call you a taxi.
A: Do you have any suggestions?
B: I suggest you take a cab. A taxi is the best way.
A shuttle takes twice as long! I hope we won't be disturbed. I like to have it quiet.
- 165 -
第九课
对话一
A: Please be quiet.
B: Sorry to disturb you. Sorry about the noise. I promise to be quiet. A: Could you lower your voice?
B: Of course I can. I'll lower my voice. I'm sorry I was too loud. A: you're too loud.
B: please forgive me. I have a loud voice. I sometimes forget. A: You're too noisy.
B: It's not me! You have the wrong person! I'm not making any noise! 对话二
A: you're disturbing everybody.
B: Leave me alone! It's none of your business!
Everyone else is making noise , too.
A: Sorry, I don't like to correct you.
B: I should thank you. Thanks for telling me. Thanks for reminding me. A: I hope you don't mind.
B: I don't mind at all. I’m grateful to you. You are nice to let me know. A: Please don't take offense.
B: I don't take offense. I’m not angry at all. It doesn't upset me one bit. 第十课
对话一
A: I'm sorry.
B: That's OK. I understand. Apology accepted.
A: I apologize.
B: I accept your apology. We all make mistakes. Let's forget about it. A: It's my fault.
B: Don't say that. It's nobody's fault. You didn't do anything wrong. A: I was wrong. You are right.
B: Now you know it. I'm glad you realize it. It's a chance to improve. - 166 -
对话二
A: Please forgive me.
B: I forgive you. You are forgiven. Nobody is perfect.
A: I didn't mean it.
B: I believe you. I know you didn't mean it. You're not that kind of person. A: It wasn't on purpose.
B: We all know that! It was an honest mistake.
It could have happened to anyone.
A: It won't happen again.
B: That's the right attitude! That's what I like to hear.
We should learn from our mistakes.
第十一课
对话一
A: how was the movie?
B: The movie was super. The movie was great. You have to go see it! A: What did you think?
B: I loved the movie. I thought it was outstanding.
It was really worth the price.
A: Did you like it?
B: No, I didn't like it. It was too violent. I don't like to see lots of blood. A: I thought it was terrific.
B: It sounds like a great movie. It must be excellent. I’ll go see it for sure. 对话二
A: I really enjoyed it.
B: I'm glad to hear that. I'm going to see that movie tonight.
I'm really looking forward to it.
A: It was worth it.
B: That's great to hear. I'm glad it was worth the money.
I hate to waste time or money.
A: It was very entertaining.
- 167 -
B: That's what I heard. Someone told me that. Tell me about the movie. A: I give it two thumbs up.
B: That's high praise. It must really be great. I have to go see that movie. 第十二课
对话一
A: what a great night!
B: I totally agree. It was perfect. Everything was fantastic.
A: I had a wonderful time.
B: I had a great time, too. I enjoyed every minute. I hate to see it end. A: you're good company.
B: Thanks for the compliment!
What a nice thing to say! I like being with you, too.
A: you're fun to be with.
B: You're a fun person, too!
You're very interesting! I always have fun with you.
对话二
A: I like hanging out with you.
B: I feel the same way.
Spending time with you is great. I love going out with you.
A: Thanks for tonight.
B: Don't thank me! I should thank you! You deserve all the thanks. A: Let's do it again.
B: We must do it again!
It was such a good time! I'll be disappointed if we don't!
A: I'm lucky to have a friend like you.
B: I feel the same way about you.
You're a super friend.
Let's always be good friends.
- 168 -
【英语九百句】
Book 1 第一册
[1] Greetings 问候语
1. Hello.你好！
2. Good morning.早晨好！
3. I’m John Smith.我是约翰、史密斯。
4. Are you Bill Jones?你是比尔、琼斯吗？
5. Yes,I am.是的，我是。
6. How are you?你好吗？
7. Fine,thanks.很好，谢谢。
8. How is Helen?海伦好吗？
9. She’s very well,thank you. 她很好，谢谢您。
10. Good afternoon,Mr. Green.午安，格林先生。
11. Good evening,Mrs. Brown.晚上好，布朗夫人。
12. How are you this evening?今晚上您好吗？
13. Good night,John.晚安，约翰。
14. Good-bye,Bill.再见，比尔。
15. See you tomorrow.明天见。
[2] Classroom expressions 课堂用语
16. Come in,please. 请进！
17. Sit down. 坐下！
18. Stand up,please. 请站起来。
19. Open your book,please. 请把书打开。
20. Close your book,please. 请把书合上。
21. Don’t open your book. 别打开书。 - 169 -
22. Do you understand?你明白了吗？
23. Yes,I understand. 是的，我明白了。
24. No,I don’t understand. 不，我不明白。
25. Listen and repeat. 先听，然后再重复一遍。
26. Now read,please. 现在请大家读。
27. That’s fine. 好得很。
28. It’s time to begin. 到开始的时候了。
29. Let’s begin now. 现在让我们开始。
30. This is Lesson One. 这是第一课。
[3] Identifying objects 辨别物品
31. What’s this? 这是什么？
32. That’s a book. 那是一本书。
33. Is this your book? 这是你的书吗？
34. No,that’s not my book. 不，那不是我的书。
35. Whose book is this? 这是谁的书？
36. That’s your book. 那是你的书。
37. And what’s that? 还有那是什么？
38. Is that a book? 那是一本书吗？
39. No,it isn’t. 不，不是。
40. It’s a pencil. 那是一枝铅笔。
41. Is it yours? 它是你的吗？
42. Yes,it’s mine. 是，是我的。
43. Where’s the door? 门在哪儿？
44. There it is. 门在那儿。
45. Is this book his? 这本书是他的吗？
[4] Identifying objects.辨别物品
46. What are these? 这些是什么？
47. Those are books. 那些是书。
48. Where are the books? 那些书在哪儿？
49. There they are. 在那儿。
- 170 -
50. These are my pencils. 这些是我的铅笔。
51. Where are your pens? 你的那些钢笔在哪儿？
52. They’re over there. 在那里。
53. Are these your pens? 这些是你的钢笔吗？
54. Yes,they are. 是我的。
55. Those are mine. 那些是我的。
56. These are your books,aren’t they? 这些书是你的，对不对？
57. No,they aren’t. 不，不是。
58. They’re not mine. 不是我的。
59. These are mine,and those are yours. 这些是我的，而那些是你的。
60. Those aren’t your pens,are they? 那些钢笔不是你的，对吧？
[5] Identifying people by occupation 辨别身份
61. Who are you? 你是谁？
62. I’m a student. 我是学生。
63. Who is that over there? 那边那个人是谁？
64. He’s a student,too. 他也是学生。
65. Is that lady a student? 那位女士是学生吗？
66. No,she isn’t. 不，她不是。
67. Those men aren’t students,either. 那些人也不是学生。
68. Am I your teacher? 我是你们的教员吗？
69. Yes,you are. 是的，你是。
70. That man is a teacher,isn’t he? 那个人是位教员，对不对？
71. Yes,he is. 是的，他是。
72. Who are those people? 那些人是谁？
73. Maybe they’re farmers. 他们可能是农民。
74. Aren’t they students? 他们不是学生吗？
75. I really don’t know. 我真的不知道。
[6] Introductions and courtesies 介绍和礼节
76. What’s your name? 你叫什么名字？
77. My name is Jones. 我姓琼斯。
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78. What’s your first name? 你的名字叫什么？
79. My first name is Bill. 我的名字叫比尔。
80. How do you spell your last name? 你的姓怎么拼法？
81. Jones. J-O-N-E-S. 琼斯，J－O－N－E－S。
82. What’s your friend’s name? 你的朋友叫什么名字？
83. His name is John Smith. 他叫约翰、史密斯。
84. John and I are old friends. 我和约翰是老朋友了。
85. Are you John’s brother? 你是约翰的兄弟吗？
86. No, I’m not. 不，我不是。
87. This is Mr. Jones. 这是琼斯先生。
88. How do you do? 你好！
89. Mrs.Jones,this is Mr. John Smith. 琼斯夫人，这是约翰、史密斯先生。
90. Very please to meet you. 见到您很高兴。
[7] Days and months of the calenday 年历的周日和月份
91. What day is today? 今天是星期几？
92. Today is Monday. 今天是星期一。
93. What day was yesterday? 昨天是星期几？
94. Yesterday was Sunday. 昨天是星期日。
95. What day is tomorrow? 明天是星期几？
96. What month is this? 现在是几月份？
97. This is January. 现在是一月份。
98. Last month was December,wasn’t it ? 上个月是十二月，对不对？
99. Yes,it was. 是，是十二月份。
100. What month is next month? 下个月是几月份？
101. I was in the hospital for several weeks. 我在医院里住了几个星期了。
102. Where were you on Tuesday? 星期二你在哪里？
103. You were here in February,weren’t you? 二月份你曾在这里，对不对？ 104. No,I wasn’t . 不，我没有在这里。
105. Your friend was here a week ago,wasn’t he? 一个星期前，你的朋友曾在这里，是不是？
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[8] Talking about objects 谈论事物
106. Do you have a book? 你有一本书吗？
107. Yes,I do. 是的，我有。
108. You have a radio,don’t you? 你有一台收音机，对吗？
109. No,I don’t . 不，我没有。
110. I don’t have a phonograph,either. 我也没有留声机。
111. Dees this radio belong to you? 这台收音机是你的吗？
112. Yes,I think it does. 是的，我认为它是我的。
113. How many sisters and brothers do you have? 你有几个姊妹和兄弟？ 114. Don’t you have my hat? 你没拿我的帽子吧？
115. Yes,I have both your hat and your coat. 不，你的帽子和大衣都在我这里。 116. Does John have a yellow pencil? 约翰有一支黄铅笔吗？
117. Yes,he does. 是的，他有。
118. He has a radio,doesn’t he? 他有一台收音机，对不对？
119. No,he doesn’t have one. 不，他没有。
120. He already has a phonograph,but he doesn’t have a radio yet.
他已经有一架留声机，但是他还没有收音机。
[9] Telling time 述说时间
121. What time is it? 几点钟了？
122. It’s two o’clock. 两点钟。
123. It’s a few minutes after two. 两点过几分。
124. My watch is fast and your watch Is slow. 我的表快，而你的表慢。 125. Excuse me.Can you tell me the correct time?
对不起，你能告诉我一下准确的时间吗？
126. No,I can’t . 不，我不能。
127. I don’t know what time it is. 我不知道现在几点钟。
128. I don’t think it’s four o’clock yet. 我认为现在还不到四点。 129. It must be about three thirty. 现在想必是三点三十分左右。
130. I get up before six o’clock every day. 每天我六点前起床。
131. The restaurant doesn’t open until seven forty-five.
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饭馆要到七点四十五分才开门。
132. Will you be here at ten o’clock tomorrow? 请你明天十点到这里，行吗？ 133. Yes,I will. 行。
134. We’ll be on time,won’t we? 我们将按时到，是吗？?nbsp;
135. I hope so. 我希望如此。
[10] Talking about dates 谈论日期
136. What’s the date today? 今天是几号？
137. Today is November first,nineteen sixty-three. 今天是一九六三年十一月一号。 138. When were you born? 你是什么时候出生的？
139. I was born on November first,nineteen thirty-five.
我是一九三五年十一月一日生的.
140. Today is my birthday. 今天是我的生日。
141. My sister was born in nineteen thirty-eight. 我的妹妹是一九三八年出生的。 142. I don’t know the exact date. 我不知道确切的日子。
143. Where were you born? 你出生在什么地方？
144. I was born in a little town not far from here. 我出生在离这儿不远的小城市里。 145. What do you know about the tenth century?
有关十世纪的事你知道些什么？
146. I don’t know anything about that. 关于那个我什么都不知道。
147. Let’s talk about something else. 让我们谈点别的什么吧。
148. Where were you during the month of April last year? 去年四月份你在哪里？ 149. I don’t remember where I was then. 我不记得那时我在哪里。
150. Where will you be nest year at this time? 明年这个时候你将在哪里？
Book 2 第二册
[1] Talking about objects and people 谈论物品和人
151. What do you want?
152. I want a cup of coffee.
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153. What would you like to eat?
154. Please give me a piece of pie.
155. Which one would you like--this one or that one? 156. It doesn’t matter to me.
157. I’d like to talk with Mr. Johns or Mr. Smith. 158. I’m sorry,but both of them are busy right now. 159. Wouldn’t you like some coffee?
160. I’d rather have some tea,if you don’t mind. 161. Do you know any of those people?
162. Two or three of them look familiar.
163. All of those men are friends of mine.
164. Which one of those men is Mr. Taylor? 165. Is he the tall man on the left?
[2] Talking about languages 谈论语言
166. Do you speak English?
167. Yes, a little.
168. Does your friend speak English?
169. Yes, he speaks English perfectly.
170. what’s his native language?
171. I don’t know what his native language is. 172. How many languages do you speak?
173. My friend reads and writes several languages. 174. How well do you know French?
175. He speaks French with an American accent. 176. My parents speak English perfectly.
177. Mr. Jones can read French pretty well.
178. Sometimes I make mistakes when I speak English. 179. I have a lot of trouble with pronunciation. 180. How is her accent in French?
[3] Talking about activities 谈论活动
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181. What are you doing?
182. I’m reading a book.
183. What’s your friend doing?
184. He’s studying his lesson.
185. I’m not doing anything right now.
186. Where are you going?
187. I’m going home.
188. What time are you coming back?
189. I’m not sure what time I’m coming back. 190. What are you thinking about?
191. I’m thinking about my lesson.
192. Who are you writing to?
193. I’m writing to a friend of mine in South American. 194. By the way,who are you waiting for?
195. I’m not waiting for anybody.
[4] Asking about age 询问年龄
196. How old are you?
197. I’m twenty-one years old.
198. My brother is not quite twenty-five.
199. John is not forty-five yet,is he?
200. Mr. Smith is still in his fifties.
201. I’m two years older than you are.
202. My brother is two years younger than I am. 203. How many are there in your family?
204. There are seven of us altogether.
205. My sister is the oldest.
206. I’m the youngest.
207. Guess how old I am.
208. I’d say yor’re about twenty-three.
209. I was thirty on my last birthday.
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210. I’m going to be sixty-one next Tuesday.
[5] Talking about daily activities 谈论日常活动 211. What time do you get up every day?
212. I usually wake up early.
213. I get up at 6 o’clock every day.
214. My brother gets up later than I do.
215. After I get dressed,I have breakfast.
216. Usually,I have a big breakfast.
217. I have juice,cereal,toast and coffee for breakfast. 218. I leave the house at eight a.m. each day.
219. I get to work at nine o’clock every morning. 220. I work hard all morning.
221. I go out for lunch at about 12:30.
222. I finish working at 5:45 p.m.
223. I eat dinner at about 7 o’clock.
224. Before I eat dinner,I read the newspaper for a while. 225. I usually go to bed at about midnight.
[6] Talking about yesterday’s activities 谈论昨天的活动 226. What time did you get up yesterday morning? 227. I woke up early and got up at 6 o’clock.
228. My brother got up earlier than I did.
229. Did you get dressed right away?
230. Yes, I got dressed and had breakfast.
231. What kind of breakfast did you have?
232. What time did you get to work yesterday morning? 233. I left the house at 8 o’clock and got to work at 8:30. 234. Did you work all day?
235. Yes, I worked from early morning until late at night. 236. At noon I had lunch with a friend of mine.
237. I finished working at 5:30 and went home. - 177 -
238. After dinner I read a magazine and made some telephone calls. 239. I went to bed at 11:30 p.m.
240. I went to sleep immediately and slept soundly all night.
[7] Meeting a friend 访友
241. Where did you go yesterday?
242. I went to see a friend of mine.
243. Did you see Mr. Jones yesterday?
244. I didn’t see Mr. Jones,but I saw John Smith.
245. What did you talk about?
246. We talked about a lot of things.
247. I asked him a lot of questions.
248. What did you ask him?
249. I asked him if he spoke English.
250. He said he spoke a little English.
251. Then I asked him if he knew anybody in New York .
252. He said he knew a lot of people there.
253. Finally,I asked him how old he was.
254. He said he would rather not tell his age.
255. He answered almost all of my questions.
[8] Talking about last year’s activities 谈论去年的活动 256. What time did you use to get up last year?
257. I used to wake up early and get up at 7 o’clock.
258. I used to set my alarm clock for exactly 7 a.m.
259. I never used to oversleep.
260. I used to get dressed quickly every morning.
261. I always used to leave for work at 8:30.
262. I used to start working at 9:00 o’clock every day.
263. I used to have lunch every day at the same time.
264. I used to work until nearly 6:00 o’clock each day.
265. I used to have dinner at 7:30 and go to bed early.
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266. My brother and I used to go a lot of places together. 267. We used to go to the movies about once a week.
268. We used to have a lot of interesting friends.
269. My brother used to speak French to me all the time. 270. I always used to ask him a lot of questions.
[9] Asking about addresses 询问地址
271. Where do you live?
272. I live on Washington Street.
273. What’s your address?
274. I live at 1203 Washington Street.
275. I’m Mr. Smith’s next door neighbor.
276. You live here in the city,don’t you?
277. I’m from out of town.
278. How long have you lived here?
279. I’ve lived here for five years.
280. He’s known me for over ten years.
281. I’ve spoken English all my life.
282. I’ve already read that book.
283. Has he studied French very long?
284. Have you had breakfast already?
285. Yes,I had breakfast two hours ago.
[10] Asking questions 提问题
286. Where were you yesterday afternoon?
287. I was at home all afternoon.
288. I was writing some letters to friends of mine.
289. What were you doing at about 4 o’clock yesterday afternoon? 290. I was listening to the radio.
291. What were you doing when I called you on the telephone? 292. When you called me, I was eating dinner.
293. When I saw Mr. Jones,he was talking with John Smith. - 179 -
294. While you were writing letters,I was reading a book.
295. While we were having breakfast,John was talking on the telephone. 296. Can you guess what I was doing this morning?
297. I can’t remember what John was doing yesterday afternoon. 298. I’ve forgotten what he said his address was.
299. I’ve forgotten what time he said he had dinner last night. 300. They called us just as we were having dinner.
Book 3 第三册
[1] Describing objects 形容物品
301. What color is your book?
302. My book has a dark blue cover.
303. How much does that typewriter weigh?
304. It’s not too heavy,but I don’t know the exact weight.
305. This round table weighs about forty-five pounds.
306. What size suitcase do you own?
307. One of my suitcases is small,and the other one is medium size. 308. I like the shape of that table.
309. How long is Jones Boulevard?
310. That street is only two miles long.
311. Will you please measure this window to see how wide it is? 312. This window is just as wide as that one.
313. The walls are three inches thick.
314. This material feels soft.
315. This pencil is longer than that one.
[2] Asking people to do things. 请人办事
316. Would you please tell Mr. Cooper that I’m here.
317. Take these books home with you tonight.
318. Please bring me those magazines
319. Would you help me lift this heavy box?
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320. Please ask John to turn on the lights.
321. Put your books down on the table.
322. Get me a hammer from the kitchen,will you?
323. Hang up my coat in the closet ,will you please? 324. Please don’t bother me now.I’m very busy.
325. Would you mind mailing this letter for me?
326. If you have time,will you call me tomorrow?
327. Please pick up those cups and saucers./
328. Will you do me a favor?
329. Please count the chairs in that room.
330. Please pour this milk into that glass.
[3] Getting information and directions 打听情况和问路 331. Excuse me,sir.Can you give me some information? 332. Can you tell me where Peach Street is?
333. It’s two blocks straight ahead.
334. which direction is it to the theatre?
335. Turn right at the next corner?
336. How far is it to the university?
337. It’s a long way from here.
338. The school is just around the corner.
339. The restaurant is across the street from the hotel. 340. You can’t miss it.
341. Do you happen to know Mr. Cooper’s telephone number? 342. Could you tell me where the nearest telephone is? 343. Should I go this way,or that way?
344. Go that way for two blocks,then turn left.
345. I beg your pardon.Is this seat taken?
[4] Talking about family and relatives 谈论家庭和亲属 346. Are you married?
347. No,I’m not married.I’m still single.
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348. Your niece is engaged,isn’t she?
349. My sister has been engaged for two months.
350. My grandfather got married in 1921.
351. When is grandparents’ wedding anniversary?
352. How long have they been married?
353. They’ve been married for quite a few years.
354. who did George marry?
355. Do they have children?
356. They had a baby last month.
357. My son wants to get married in June.
358. They don’t know when the wedding will be.
359. Their grandchildren are grown up now.
360. She’s a widow.Her husband died last year.
[5] Talking about neighbors and friends 谈论邻居和朋友 361. Where did you grow up?
362. I grew up right here in this neighborhood.
363. My friend spent his childhood in California .
364. He lived in California until he was seventeen.
365. There have been a lot of changes here in the last 20 years. 366. There used to be a grocery store on the corner.
367. All of those houses have been built in the last ten years. 368. They’re building a new house up the street from me.
369. If you buy that home,will you spend the rest of your life there? 370. Are your neighbors vey friendly?
371. We all know each other pretty well.
372. A young married couple moved in next door to us.
373. Who bought that new house down the street from you? 374. An endly man rented the big white house.
375. What beautiful trees those are!
[6] Talking about future activities. 谈论未来的活动。 - 182 -
376. What time are you going to get up tomorrow morning? 377. I’ll probably wake up early and get up at 6:30. 378. What will you do then?
379. After I get dressed,I’ll have breakfast.
380. What will you have for breakfast tomorrow morning? 381. I’ll probably have eggs and toast for breakfast. 382. After breakfast,I’ll get ready ro go to work.
383. I’ll leave the house at 8:00 and get to the office at 8:30. 384. I’ll probably go out for lunch at about 12:30.
385. I’ll finish working at 5:30 and get home by 6 o’clock. 386. Are you going to have dinner at home tomorrow night? 387. Do you think you’ll go to the movies tomorrow night? 388. I’ll probably stay home and watch television. 389. When I get sleepy,I’ll probably get ready for bed.
390. Do you think you’ll be able to go to sleep right away?
[7] Talking about the weather 谈论天气
391. How is the weather today?
392. The weather is nice today.
393. What was the weather like yesterday?
394. Yesterday it rained all day.
395. What will the weather be like tomorrow?
396. It’s going to snow tomorrow.
397. It’s quite cold today.
398. It’s been cloudy all morning.
399. Is it raining now?
400. It’ll probably clear up this afternoon.
401. The days are getting hotter.
402. Today is the first day of spring.
403. What’s the temperature today?
404. It’s about seventy degrees Fahrenheit this afternoon. - 183 -
405. There’s a cool breeze this evening.
[8] Talking about sickness and health 谈论疾病和健康 406. How are you feeling today?
407. I don’t feel very well this morning.
408. I was sick yesterday,but I’m better today.
409. My fever is gone,but I still have a cough.
410.My brother has a bad headache.
411. Which of your arms is sore?
412. My right arm hurts. It hurts right here.
413. What’s matter with you?
414. I’ve got a pain in my back.
415. Which foot hurts?Is it the left one?
416. How did you break your leg?
417. I slipped on the stairs and fell down.I broke my leg. 418. Your right hand is swollen.Does it hurt?
419. It’s bleeding.You’d better go see a doctor about that cut. 420. I hope you’ll be well soon.
[9] Talking about daily habits 谈论日常生活习惯
421. I get out of bed about 7 o’clock every morning.
422. After getting up,I go into the bathroom and take a shower. 423. Then,I shave,brush my teeth and comb my hair.
424. After brushing my teeth,I put on my clothes.
425. After that,I go downstairs to the kitchen to have breakfast. 426. After eating breakfast,I go back upstairs again.
427. Then,it’s usually time to wake up my little brother. 428. He can’t dress himself yet because he’s too young. 429. I wash his face and hands,and then I dress him.
430. He tries to button his own shirt,but he can’t do it.
431. My little brother takes a bath before he goes to bed at night. 432. He always forgets to wash behind his ears.
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433. I’m always tired when I come home from work.
434. At bedtime, I take off my clothes and put on my pajamas.
435. I get into bed at about 11:30 and go right off to sleep.
[10] Getting other people’s opinions and ideas 征求别人的意见和想法 436. What do you think?Is that right?
437. Cetainly.You’re absolutely right about that.
438. I think you’re mistaken about that.
439. I like hot weather best.
440. Personally,I prefer winter weather.
441. Do you think it’s going to rain tomorrow?
442. I don’t know whether it will rain or not.
443. In my opinion,that’s an excellent idea.
444. why Mr. Cooper so tired?Do you have any idea?
445. He’s tired because he worked hard all day today.
446. What do you think of my children?
447. I think you have very attractive children.
448. Please give me your frank opinion.
449. Do you really want to know what I think?
450. Of course I want to know what your opinion is.
Book 4 第四册
[1] Making plans 订计划
451. What do you plan to do tomorrow?
452. I doubt that I’ll do anything tomorrow.
453. Please excuse me for a little while.I want to do something.
454. I imagine I’ll do some work instead of going to the movies.
455. Will it be convenient for you to explain your plans to him?
456. There’s nothing to do because tomorrow is a holliday.
457. What’s your brother planning to do tomorrow?
458. He can’t decide what to do.
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459. It’s difficult to make a decision whithout knowing all the facts. 460. We’re trying to plan our future.
461. That’s a good idea.
462. I’m hoping to spend a few days in the mountains.
463. Would you consider going north this summer?
464. If there’s a chance you’ll go ,I’d like to go with you.
465. After you think it over,please let me know what you decide.
[2] Making decisions 作决定
466. I’m anxious to know what your decision is.
467. I’m confident you’ve made the right choice.
468. I want to persuade you to change your mind.
469. Will you accept my advice?
470. What have you decided?
471. I’ve definitely decided to go to California.
472. He didn’t want to say anything to influence my decision. 473. She refuses to make up her mind.
474. I assume you’ve decided against buying a new car. 475. It took him a long time to make up his mind.
476. You can go whenever you wish.
477. We’re willing to accept your plan.
478. He knows it’s inconvenient ,but he wants to go anyway. 479. According to Mr. Green,this is a complicated problem. 480. She insists that it doesn’t make any difference to her.
[3] Going places 旅游
481. Are you going to go anyplace this year?
482. If I have enough money,I’m going to take a trip abroad. 483. How are you going?Are you going by boat?
484. It’s faster to go by plane than by boat.
485. What’s the quickest way to get there?
486. Altogether it will take ten days to make the trip.
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487. I hope you have a good time on your trip.
488. I’m leaving tomorrow,but I haven’t packed my suitcases yet. 489. I’m going by air.I like flying.
490. My brother took a trip to Mexico.
491. It was a six-hour flight.
492. How many passengers were on the train?
493. His friend was injured in an airplane crash.
494. Would you like to go for a walk?
495. Let’s go out to the airport. The plane landed ten minutes ago.
[4] Going shopping 购物
496. I’m going shopping because I need to buy some clothes. 497. If this shirt doesn’t fit,may I bring it back later?
498. What size shoes do you wear?
499. That suit looks very good on you.
500. This dress is made of silk,isn’t it?
501. I’d like to try on this sweater.
502. I’m interested in buying a new car.
503. What’s the price of that electric iron?
504. How much is this rug?
505. Is this toothpaste on sale today?
506. That’s a beautiful leather wallet,but it costs too much. 507. How much do I owe you?
508. That will be eighteen dollars and seventy-five cents. 509. Do you have change for a twenty-dollar bill?
510. The clerk helped me find what I wanted.
[5] Eating in a restaurant 餐馆进膳
511. What would you like to eat?
512. I’d like a bowl of tamoto soup,please.
513. The waiter seems to be in a hurry to take our order. 514. Which would you rather have--steak or fish?
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515. I want my steak well-done.
516. What kinds of vegetables do you have?
517. I’ll have mashed potatoes and green beans.
518. Would you please pass the salt?
519. They serve good food in this restaurant.
520. Are you ready for your dessert now?
521. This knife is dirty.Would you bring me a clean one,please? 522. May I have the check,please?
523. You have your choice of three flavors of ice cream. 524. We have vanilla,chocolate,and strawberry.
525. We invited two guests to dinner,but they didn’t come.
[6] Going out for the evening 参加晚会
526. How long did the movie last?
527. The feature started at 9 o’clock and ended at 11:30. 528. They say the new film is an adventure story.
529. A group of us went out to the theater last night.
530. The new play was good and everybody enjoyed it. 531. By the time we got there,the play had already begun. 532. The usher showed us to our seats.
533. The cast of the play included a famous actor.
534. After the play was over,we all wanted to get something to eat. 535. there was a big crowd and we had difficulty getting a taxi. 536. The restaurant was filled,so we decided to go elsewhere. 537. My brother wants to learn how to dance.
538. We don’t go dancing very often.
539. Which would you rather do--go dancing or go to a play? 540. I’m not accustomed to going out after dark.
[7] Making appointments 约会
541. I’d like to make an appointment to see Mr. Cooper. 542. Would you like to arrange for a personal interview? - 188 -
543. Your appointment will be next Thursday at 10 o’clock.
544. I can come any day except Thursday.
545. He wants to change his appointment from Monday to Wednesday. 546. She failed to call the office to cancel her appointment. 547. I’m going to call the employment agency for a job.
548. Please fill in this application form.
549. Are you looking for a permanent position?
550. I’m going to call a plumber to come this afternoon.
551. I couldn’t keep the appointment because I was sick.
552. I’m a new employee.I was hired yesterday.
553. Please call before you come,otherwise we might not be home. 554. Let’s make a date to go shopping next Thursday.
555. Will you please lock the door when you leave?
[8] Visiting the doctor 看病
556. I went to see my doctor for a check-up yesterday.
557. The doctor discovered that I’m a little overweight.
558. He gave me a chest X-ray and took my blood pressure. 559. He told me to take these pills every four hours.
560. Do you think the patient can be cured?
561. They operated on him last night.
562. He needed a blood transfusion.
563. My uncle had a heart attack last year.
564. They had to call in a heart specialist.
565. What did the doctor say?
566. The doctor advised me to get plenty of exercise.
567. The doctor said I look pale.
568. If I want to be healthy,I have to stop smoking cigarettes. 569. The physician said smoking is harmful to my health.
570. It’s just a mosquito bite.There’s nothing to worry about.
[9] Making telephone calls 打电话
- 189 -
571. You’re wanted on the telephone.
572. What number should I dial to get the operator?
573. I want to make a long distance call.
574. Pick up the receiver and deposit a coin in the slot. 575. I tried to call Mr. Cooper,but the line was busy.
576. You must have dialed the wrong number.
577. I dialed the right number,but nobody answered.
578. The telephone is ringing,would you answer it,please? 579. Would you like to leave a message?
580. Who is this?I don’t recognize your voice.
581. Would you please tell Mr. Cooper I called?
582. Is this Empire 5-4093?
583. I have to hang up now.
584. Put the receiver closer to your mouth.I can’t hear you. 585. Would you mind calling back sometime tomorrow?
[10] Writing letters 写信
586. How long has it been since you’ve heard from your uncle? 587. When was the last time he wrote you ?
588. I can’t recall how long it’s been.
589. I’m always disappointed when I don’t get any mail. 590. I feel guilty because I haven’t written her lately.
591. What time is the mail delivered on Saturday?
592. The postman always comes at 2 o’clock.
593. I wrote to my uncle last night.I couldn’t put it off any longer. 594. I enclosed some photographs in my letter.
595. I didn’t know whether to send the letter airmail or not. 596. How long does it take for a letter to get to California ? 597. Don’t forget to put stamps on the letter before you mail it. 598. He went to the post office to mail a letter.
599. I dropped the letter in the mailbox on the corner. - 190 -
600. How did you sign the letter?Did you write, “sincerely yours”?
Book 5 第五册
[1] Telling about past experiences 叙谈体验
601. A strange thing happened to me this morning.
602. I was crossing the street and was almost hit by a car.
603. Fortunately,I jumped back in time to avoid being hit.
604. It was a terrible experience,and I won’t forget it.
605. Yesterday was such a beautiful day we decided to go for a drive. 606. We prepared a picnic lunch and drove down by the river.
607. After a while,we found a shady place under some poplar trees. 608. On the way back home,we had a flat tire.
609. It was after dark when we got back,and we were all tired.
610. I wish you would give me a more detailed description of your trip. 611. Speaking of trips,did I ever tell you about the experience I had? 612. We used to have a lot of fun when we were that age.
613. I can’t recall the exact circumstances.
614. I never realized that someday I would be living in New York. 615. We never imagined that John would become a doctor.
[2] Asking about furniture and places to live 寻找家具和住房 616. We’re looking for a house to rent for the summer.
617. Are you trying to find a furnished house?
618. This split-level house is for rent.It’s a bargain.
619. That house is for sale.It has central heating.
620. We have a few kitchen things and a dining room set./
621. This is an interesting floor plan.Please show me the basement. 622. The roof has leaks in it,and the front steps need to be fixed. 623. We’ve got to get a bed and a dresser for the bedroom. 624. Does the back door have a lock on it?
- 191 -
625. They’ve already turned on the electricity.The house is ready. 626. I’m worried about the appearance of the floor.
627. If you want a towel,look in the linen closet.
628. What style furniture do you have ? Is it traditional?
629. We have drapes for the living room,but we need kitchen curtains. 630. The house needs painting.It’s in bad condition.
[3] Talking about things to wear 谈论衣着
631. What do you going to wear today?
632. I’m going to wear my blue suit.Is that all right?
633. I have two suits to send to the cleaners.
634. I have some shirts to send to the laundry.
635. You ought to have that coat cleaned and pressed.
636. I’ve got to get this shirt washed and ironed.
637. All my suits are dirty.I don’t have anything to wear.
638. You’d better wear a light jacket.It’s chilly today.
639. This dress doesn’t fit me anymore.
640. I guess I’ve outgrown this pair of trousers.
641. These shoes are worn-out.They’ve lasted a long time. 642. I can’t fasten this collar button.
643. Why don’t you get dressed now?Put on your work clothes. 644. My brother came in,changed his clothes,and went out again. 645. I didn’t notice you were wearing your new hat.
[4] Discussing different points of view 讨论不同观点
646. You have your point of view,and I have mine.
647. You approach it in a different way than I do.
648. I won’t argue with you,but I think you’re being unfair. 649. That’s a liberal point of view.
650. He seems to have a lot of strange ideas.
651. I don’t see any point in discussing the question any further. 652. What alternatives do I have?
- 192 -
653. Everyone is entitled to his own opinion.
654. There are always two sides to everything.
655. We have opposite views on this.
656. Please forgive me.I didn’t mean to start an argument.
657. I must know your opinion.Do you agree with me?
658. What point are you trying to make?
659. Our views are not so far apart,after all.
660. We should be able to resolve our differences.
[5] Thinking about possible future activities. 考虑将来可能从事的活动 661. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow,I think I’ll go shopping.
662. There’s a possibility we’ll go,but it all depends on the weather. 663. If I have time tomorrow,I think I’ll get a haircut.
664. I hope I remember to ask the barber not to cut my hair too short. 665. My son wants to be a policeman when he grows up.
666. If I get my work finished in time,I’ll leave for New York Monday. 667. Suppose you couldn’t go on the trip.How would you feel? 668. What would you say if I told you I couldn’t go with you?
669. If I buy tha car,I’ll have to borrow some money.
670. If I went with you,I’d have to be back by six o’clock.
671. One of these days,I’d like to take a vacation.
672. As soon as I can,I’m going to change jobs.
673. There’s a chance he won’t be able to be home for Christmas. 674. We may be able to help you in some way.
675. If you were to attend the banquet ,what would you wear?
[6] Talking about past possibilities 谈论过去可能发生的事
676. What would you have done last night if you hadn’t had to study? 677. I would have gone on the picnic if it hadn’t rained.
678. If you had gotten up earlier,you would have had time for breakfast. 679. If I had had time,I would have called you.
680. Would he have seen you if you hadn’t waved to him?
- 193 -
681. If he had only had enough money,he would have bought that house. 682. I wish you had called me back the next day,as I had asked you to. 683. If you hadn’t slipped and fallen,you wouldn’t have broken your leg.
[7] Asking about likes and dislikes 询问喜欢和不喜欢做的事。 691. What is it you don’t like about winter weather?
692. I don’t like it when the weather gets real cold.
693. I can’t stand summer weather.
694. The thing I don’t like about driving is all the traffic on the road. 695. He doesn’t like the idea of going to bed early.
696. I like to play tennis,but I’m not a very good player.
697. I don’t like spinach even though I know it’s good for me. 698. I’m afraid you’re being too particular about your food.
699. He always finds fault with everything.
700. She doesn’t like anything I do or say.
701. You have wonderful taste in clothes.
702. What’s your favourite pastime?
703. What did you like best about the movie?
704. I didn’t like the taste of the medicine,but I took it anyway. 705. Why do you dislike the medicine so much?
[8] Giving advice and opinions 劝说并提出意见
706. If you want my advice,I don’t think you should go.
707. I suggest that you tear up the letter and start over again. 708. It’s only a suggestion,and you can do what you please.
709. Let me give you a little fatherly advice.
710. If you don’t like it ,I wish you would say so.
711. Please don’t take offense.I only wanted to tell you what I think. 712. In my opinion,the house isn’t worth the price they’re asking. 713. My feeling is that you ought to stay home tonight.
714. It’s none of my business,but I think you ought to work harder. 715. In general,my reaction is favorable.
- 194 -
716. If you don’t take my advice,you’ll be sorry.
717. I’ve always tried not to interfere in your affairs.
718. I’m old enough to make up my own mind.
719. Thanks for the advice,but this is something I have to figure out myself. 720. He won’t pay attention to anybody.You’re just wasting your breath.
[9] Asking favors of other people 请别人帮忙
721. Would you please hold the door open for me?
722. You’re very kind to take the trouble to help me.
723. I wish I could repay you somehow for your kindness.
724. I’m afraid it was a bother for you to do this.
725. It wasn’t any bother.I was glad to do it.
726. There’s just one last favor I need to ask of you.
727. I’d be happy to help you in any way I can.
728. Would you mind giving me a push?My car has stalled.
729. Would you be so kind as to open this window for me? It’s stuck. 730. If there’s anything else I can do,please let me know.
731. This is the last time I’ll ever ask you to do anything for me. 732. I certainly didn’t intend to cause you so much inconvenience. 733. He’ll always be indebted to you for what you’ve done.
734. Could you lend me ten dollars?I left my wallet at home.
735. I’d appreciate it if you would turn out the lights.I’m sleepy.
[10] Making preparations to travel 做旅行准备
736. I didn’t realize the time had passed so quickly.
737. I’ve got a lot of things to do before I can leave,.
738. For one thing,I’ve got to drop by the bank to get some money. 739. It’ll take almost all my savings to buy the ticket.
740. Oh,I just remembered something!I have to apply for a passport. 741. I almost forgot to have the phone disconnected.
742. It’s a good thing you reminded me to take my heavy coat.
743. I never would have thought of it if you hadn’t mentioned it. - 195 -
744. I’ll see you off at the airport.
745. They’re calling your flight now.You barely have time to make it. 746. You’d better run or you’re going to be left behind.
747. Don’t forget to cable to let us know you arrived safely.
748. I’m sure I’ve forgotten something ,but it’s too late now.
749. Do you have anything to declare for customs?
750. You do
Book 6 第六册
[1] Countries and nationalities 国家与国籍
751. What’s your nationality?Are you American?
752. What part of the world do you come from?
753. I’m an American by birth.
754. I was born in Spain,but I’m a citizen of France.
755. Do you know what the population of Japan is?
756. What’s the area of the Congo in square miles?
757. Who is the governor of this state?
758. According to the latest census,our population has increased. 759. Politically,the country is divided into fifty states.
760. The industrial area is centered largely in the north.
761. The country is rich in natural resources.It has mineral deposits. 762. This nation is noted for its economic stability.
763. How old do you have to be to vote in the national elections?
764. Today we celebrate our day of independence.It’s a national holiday. 765. My home is in the capital.It’s a cosmopolitan city.
[2] Geography and land features 地理与地貌
766. Geographically,this country is located in the southern hemisphere. 767. It’s a beautiful country with many large lakes.
768. This part of the country is very mountainous.
- 196 -
769. The land in this region is dry and parched.
770. Along the northern coast there are many high cliffs.
771. There are forests here,and lumbering is important.
772. The scenery is beautiful near the Pacific Ocean.
773. This mountain range has many high peaks and deep canyons. 774. what kind of climate do you haved?Is it mild?
775. How far is it from the shore of the Atlantic to the mountains? 776. Is the coastal plain good for farming?
777. What’s the longest river in the United States?
778. Are most of the lakes located in the north central region? 779. As you travel westward,does the land get higher?
780. The weather is warm and sunny here.Do you get much rain?
[3] Schools and education 学校和教育
781. Children enter school at the age of five,don’t they?
782. In elementary school,the child learns to read and write.
783. In secondary school, children get more advanced knowledge. 784. In universities,students train to become teachers and engineers. 785. He went to grade school in New york and high school in Cicargo. 786. In college I majored in science.What was your major?
787. My sister graduated from high school.Graduation was last night. 788. I’m a graduate of Yale University.I have a Bachelor of Arts degree. 789. If you expect to enter the university,you should apply now. 790. This is my first year of college . I’m a freshman.
791. My uncle is a high school principal.
792. What kind of grades did you make in college?
793. During your first year of college,did you make straight A’s? 794. My brother is a member of the faculty.He teaches economics. 795. John has extracurricular activities. He’s on the football team.
[4] Work and careers 工作与职业
796. I’m a federal employee. I work for the Department of Labor. - 197 -
797. What kind of work do you do? Are you a saleman?
798. As soon as I complete my training,I’m going to be a bank teller. 799. John has built up his own business.He owns a hotel.
800. What do you want to be when you grow up?
801. I like painting,but I wouldn’t want it to be my life’s work.
802. Have you ever thought about a career in the medical profession? 803. My uncle was a pilot with the airlines.He just retired.
804. My brother’s in the army.He was just promoted to the rank of major. 805. I have a good-paying job with excellent hours.
806. My sister worked as a secretary before she got married.
807. George’s father is an attorney.He has his own practice.
808. He always takes pride in his work.He’s very efficient.
809. Mr. Smith is a politician.He’s running for election as governor.
810. After a successful career in business,he was appointed ambassador.
[5] Farms and factories 农场与工厂
811. Because of the warm and sunny weather,oranges grow very well here. 812. In this flat country people grow wheat and corn and raise cattle. 813. The ground around here is stony and not very good for farming. 814. What are the principal farm products in this region?
815. Milk,butter,and cheese are shipped here from the dairy farms. 816. They had to cut down a lot of trees to make room for farms. 817. At this time of the year farmers plow their fields.
818. On many farms you’ll find cows and chickens.
819. If you have cows you have to get up early to do the milking. 820. Tractors have revolutionized farming.
821. In the United States ,there are many factories for making cloth. 822. Factories employ both male and female workers.
823. If you work in a factory,you usually have to punch a clock.
824. Is meat packing a big industry in your country?
825. Is it true that manufacturing of automobiles is a major industry? - 198 -
[6] Hobbies and interests 爱好和兴趣
826. My hobby is collecting stamps.Do you have a hobby?
827. I’ve always thought photography would be an interesting hobby. 828. Some people like horseback riding,but I prefer golfing as a hobby. 829. Do you have any special interests other than your job?
830. Learning foreign languages is just an avocation with me.
831. I find stamp collecting relaxing and it takes my mind off my work.
832. On weekends I like to get my mind off my work by reading good books. 833. My cousin is a member of a drama club . He seems to enjoy acting. 834. He plays the piano for his own enjoyment.
835. I’ve gotten interested in hi-fi.I’m building my own equipment. 836. He’s not a professional.He plays the piano for the fun of it.
837. I’ve heard of unusual hobbies,but I’ve never heard of that one. 838. The trouble with photography is that it’s an expensive hobby. 839. That’s rare set of coins.How long did it take you to collect them? 840. I started a new hobby.I got tired of working in the garden.
[7] Recreation and sports 文体活动
841. Baseball is my favorite sport.What’s your favorite?
842. My nephew is a baseball player.He is a catcher.
843. When you played football,what position did you play?
844. We played a game last night . The score was tired six-to-six. 845. I went to a boxing match last night.It was a good fight.
846. When I was on the track team,I used to run the quarter mile. 847. I like fishing and hunting,but I don’t like swimming.
848. My favorite winter sport is skiing.I belong to a ski club.
849. Would you be interested in going to the horse races this afternoon? 850. The hardest thing to learn is to be a good loser.
851. Be a good sport. Play according to the rules of the game.
852. Our family went camping last summer.We had to buy a new tent. 853. This afternoon we went to the gym for a workout.We lifted weights. - 199 -
854. What do you do for recreation?Do you have a hobby?
855. My muscles are sore from playing baseball.
[8] Newspapers and magazines 报章杂志
856. I sent in a subscription to that magazine.It’s put out every week. 857. If you subscribe to the newspaper,it’ll be delivered to your door. 858. I didn’t read the whole paper.I just glanced at the headlines. 859. The first chapter of the story is in this issue of the magazine. 860. I haven’t seen the latest issue of the magazine.Is it out yet? 861. What’s the total circulation of this newspaper?
862. I’m looking for the classified section.Have you seen it?
863. My brother-in-law is a reporter on The New York Times staff. 864. There was an article in today’s paper about the election. 865. There wasn’t much news in the paper today.
866. How long have you been taking this magazine?
867. Did you read the article about the rescue of the two fishermen? 868. Why don’t you put an advertisement in the paper to sell your car? 869. I got four replies to my ad about the bicycle for sale.
870. My son has a newpaper route.He delivers the morning paper.
[9] Radio and telephone 收音机和电视机
871. What channel did you watch on television last night?
872. I don’t get a good picture on my TV set.There’s something wrong. 873. You get good reception on your radio.
874. Please turn the radio up.It’s too low.
875. What’s on following the news and weather?Do you have a TV guide? 876. You ought to have Bill look at your TV.Maybe he could fix it. 877. We met one of the engineers over at the television station. 878. Where can I plug in the TV?Is this outlet all right?
879. I couldn’t hear the program because there was too much static. 880. Your car radio works very well.What kind is it?
881. The next time I buy a TV set ,I’m going to buy a portable model. - 200 -
882. I wouder if this is a local broadcast.
883. You’d get better TV reception if you had an outside antenna. 884. Most amateur radio operators build their own equipment. 885. Station WRC is off the air now.They signed off two hours ago.
[10] Music and literature 音乐与文学
886. What’s your favorite kind of music?Do you like jazz?
887. He’s a composer of serious music.I like his music a lot.
888. We went to a concert last night to hear the symphony orchestra. 889. My brother took lessons on the trumpet for nearly ten years.
890. You play the piano beautifully.How much do you practice every day? 891. I’ve never heard that piece before.Who wrote it?
892. Have you ever thought about becoming a professional musician? 893. Who is the author of this novel?
894. I’ve never read a more stirring story.
895. Who would you name as the greatest poet of our time?
896. This poetry is realistic.l don’t care for it very much.
897. Many great writers were not appreciated fully while they were alive. 898. This is a poem about frontier life in the United States.
899. This writer uses vivid descriptions in his writings.
900. How much do you know about the works of Henry W Longfellow?
【词汇类】
一. 肉类 (鸡, 猪, 牛)
1）鸡肉类：
- 201 -
Fresh Grade Legs 新鲜大鸡腿 Fresh Grade Breast 新鲜鸡胸肉 Chicken Drumsticks 鸡腿 Chicken Wings 鸡翅膀 Chicken Liver 鸡肝
2）猪肉类：
Minced Steak 肉馅 Pig’s Liver 猪肝 Pig’s feet 猪脚 Pig’s Kidney 猪腰
Pig’s Hearts 猪心 Pork Steak 无骨猪排 Pork Chops 带骨猪排
Rolled Porkloin 卷好的腰部瘦肉 Rolled Pork Belly 卷好的带皮猪腩
Pork sausage meat 做香肠的绞肉 Smoked Bacon 醺肉 Pork Fillet 里肌肉
Spare Rib Pork chops 带肉猪小排 Spare Rib of Pork 小排骨肉
Pork ribs 肋骨（可煮汤用） Black Pudding 黑香肠 Pork Burgers 汉堡肉
Pork-pieces 猪肉块 Pork Dripping 猪油滴 Lard 猪油 Hock 蹄膀
Casserole Pork 带骨的腿肉 Joint 肘子
3）牛肉
Stewing Beef 小块的瘦肉 Steak & Kidney 牛排肉加牛腰 Frying steak 牛排
Minced Beef 牛肉馅 Rump Steak 牛后腿肉 Leg Beef 牛腱肉 OX Tail 牛尾
OX heart 牛心 OX Tongues 牛舌 Barnsley Chops 带骨的腿肉
Shoulder Chops 肩肉 Porter House Steak 腰上的牛排肉
Chuck Steak 牛肩胛肉（筋、油较多） Tenderised Steak 拍打过的牛排
Roll 牛肠 Cow hells 牛筋 Pig bag 猪肚 Honeycome Tripe 蜂窝牛肚 Tripe Pieces 牛肚块 Best thick seam 白牛肚
二. 海产类
1） 鱼类：
Herring 鲱鱼（青鱼） Salmon 鲑鱼（大马哈鱼） Cod 鳕鱼 Tuna 鲔鱼（金枪鱼） Plaice 比目鱼 Octopus 章鱼 Squid 乌贼（鱿鱼）Dressed squid 花枝 Mackerel 鲭鱼 Haddock 黑线鳕鱼 Trout 鲑鱼（适合清蒸） Carp 鲤鱼
Cod Fillets 鳕鱼块（可做鱼羹，或做成酥鱼片都很好吃） Conger (Eel) 海鳗
Sea Bream 海鲤 Hake 鳕鱼类 Red Mullet 红鲣（胭脂鱼。可煎或红烧）
Smoked Salmon 熏鲑鱼 Herring roes 鲱鱼子 Boiled Cod roes 鳕鱼子
2） 海鲜类：
Oyster 牡蛎 Mussel 蚌类（黑色、椭圆形。没壳的即为淡菜） Crab 螃蟹
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Prawn 虾 Crab stick 蟹肉条 Peeled Prawns 虾仁 King Prawns 大虾
Winkles 田螺 Whelks Tops 小螺肉 Shrimps 小虾米 Cockles 小贝肉 Lobster 龙虾
三.电器类单词
1.electronic appliance(instrument; equipment) 电器 2. heater, furnace 加热器，炉子
3. heating unit 暖气片 4. air conditioner 空调设备 5. stove 炉子 6. microwave oven 微波炉 7. washer / dryer 洗衣机/烘干机8. utensil 器皿；用具 9. kitchen utensil 炊具 10. oven 烤箱；烤炉 11. range 煤气灶 12. dishwasher 洗碟机 13. washing machine 洗衣机 14. (hot-water) heater 热水器 15. coffeepot 咖啡壶 16. refrigerator (freezer) 冰箱 17. vacuum cleaner 吸尘器 18. tape player 录音机 19. CD player CD机 20. Laundromat 自动洗衣店 21. Maintenance 维修，保养 22. Computer 计算机23. projector 幻灯放映机 24 24. typewriter 打字机 25 25. printer 打印机 26 26. printer ribbon 打印机的色带 27 27. word processor 文字处理器 28 28. laptop 笔记本电脑 29 29. desktop 台式机 30 30. microwave 微波炉 31. food processor 食品加工机 32. blender 搅拌机 33. fruit and vegetable juice extractor 果汁机 34. electric wok 电炒勺
四.旅游类单词
1．旅行 journey, trip 2．旅游 tour
3．旅行推销员 commercial traveller (美作:traveling salesman)
4．旅游者 tourist 5．旅行指南 itinerary 6．旅行路线 route
7．游览pleasure trip 8．商务旅行business trip
9．出境游 outbound tourism; outbound travel
10．出境游客 outbound tourist 11．背包旅行者 backpacker
12．自由行 free walker 13．环程旅行 circular tour
14．往返旅行 return journey; round trip 15．单程旅行 outward journey
16．套餐游；包办游 package tour; inclusive tour 17．远足 excursion; outing
18．探险 expedition 19．旅行支票 traveller's cheque
20．旅游散客 independent traveler 21．旅游团 tour group
22．度假区 holiday resort 23．票 ticke t24．票价 fare
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25．单程票 single ticket 26．往返票 round-trip ticket; return ticket
27．半票 half-price ticket 28．乘火车 Take the train
29．铁路 railway (美作:railroad) 30．轨道 track 31．火车 train
32．铁路系统 railway system, railway network 33．特快车 express train
34．快车 fast train 35．直达快车 through train 36．慢车 stopping train, slow train 37．游览列车 excursion train 38．市郊列车 commuter train, suburban train
39．车厢 coach, carriage 40．卧铺 sleeper
41．餐车 dining car, restaurant car, luncheon car
42．双层卧铺车 sleeper with couchettes 43．铺位 berth, bunk 44．上行车 up train 45．下行车 down train 46．行李车厢 luggage van, baggage car
47．车站大厅 station hall 48．收票员 ticket-collector, gateman
49．月台,站台 platform 50．站台票 platform ticket 51．小卖部 buffet
52．候车室 waiting room 53．行李暂存处 left-luggage office
54．列车员 car attendant, train attendant 55．列车长 guard, conductor
56．行李架 rack, baggage rack 57．在(某地)换车 to change trains at...
58．在(某时)到达 the train is due at... 59．乘飞机 Take the flight 60．护照 passport 61．签证 visa 62. 证件 papers 63. 安全通行证 safe-conduct, pass
64. 起飞 take off 65. 落地 touch down 66. 登记牌 boarding pass
67. 办理登机手续 check in 68. 候机室 departure lounge
69. 航班号 flight number 70. 国际抵达处 international arrival
71. 国内抵达处 domestic arrival 72. 航站楼 terminal 73. 行李 Luggage
74. 推行李车 luggage barrow 75. 私人用品 personal effects
76. 团体行李 group baggage 77. 行李票 claim tag 78. 行李牌 handbag tag 79. 行李标签 label 80. 行李房 luggage office 81. 行李搬运车 baggage train
82. 航运收据 airway bill 83. 手提行李 hand luggage
84. 住宿 Accommodation 85. 旅馆 hotel 86. 汽车旅馆 motel
87. 提供一夜住宿和早餐的旅馆 B&B 88. 青年招待所 youth hostel
89. 豪华饭店 luxury hotel 90. 公寓旅馆 residential hotel
91. 寄宿公寓 boardinghouse 92. 空房 vacant room 93. 套房 suite
94. 旅馆大厅 lobby 95. 旅馆登记薄 hotel register 96. 登记 check-in
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97. 结帐 check-out 98. 预定房间 reservation99. 行李托管证 baggage check 100. 接待 reception101. 登记表 registration form 102. 单人房间 single room 103. 双人房间 double room 104. 门房 porter 105. 侍者 bellboy
106. 清理房间的女服务员 chambermaid 107. 餐厅领班 headwaiter
108. 半膳 half board 109. 全膳 full board
110. 在一家旅馆住宿 to put up at a hotel 111. 订房间 to book a room
五.交通类单词
bus 公共汽车 drive汽车司机 double decker bus 双层公共汽车
coach, motor coach, bus 大客车 taxi, taxicab计程汽车，出租汽车trolleybus 无轨电车 tramcar, streetcar 电车，有轨电车
underground, tube, subway地铁 stop 停车站
taxi rank, taxi stand 计程汽车车站，出租汽车总站
taxi driver, cab driver 出租车司机 conductor 售票员
inspector 检查员，稽查员 ride 乘车 minimum fare (of a taxi) 最低车费railway铁路（美作：railroad） track轨道 train火车
railway system, railway net-work铁路系统 express train特别快车
fast train 快车 through train 直达快车
stopping train, slow train 慢车 excursion train 游览列车
commuter train, suburban train市郊火车 railcar轨道车
coach, carriage 车厢 sleeping car, sleeper 卧车
dining car, restaurant car, luncheon car 餐车
sleeper with couchettes 双层卧铺车 berth, bunk 铺位 up train 上行车down train 下行车 luggage van, baggage car行李车 mail car邮政车station, railway station车站 station hall车站大厅
booking office, ticket office售票处 ticket-collector, gateman 收票员platform ticket 站台票 waiting room 候车室 platform bridge天桥left-luggage office 行李暂存处 platform-ticket 验票门
terminal, terminus终点站 coach, passenger trai客车
guard, conductor列车长 rack, baggage rack 行李架
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left-luggage office 行李房（美作：checkroom） registration 登记
timetable 时刻表 change, transfer 换乘 connection 公铁交接处ticket inspector验票员 porter搬运工人 boat, ship 船
(passenger) liner邮轮，客轮 sailing boat, sailing ship帆船
yacht 游船 (ocean) liner 远洋班轮 packet boat 定期客船，班轮cabin 船舱 hovercraft 气垫船 life buoy救生圈 lifeboat 救生艇life jacket 救生衣 berth, cabin, stateroom 客舱
first-class stateroom (cabin) 头等舱
second-class stateroom (cabin) 二等舱 steerage, third-class三等舱steerage 统舱 gang-plank 跳板 cruise 游弋
civil aviation 民用航空 plane, aircraft, airplane飞机 airliner 班机
jet, supersonic plane喷气机 airliner, passenger aircraft 客机
propeller-driven aircraft 螺旋桨飞机 jet (aircraft) 喷气飞机
turbofan jet涡轮风扇飞机 turboprop涡轮螺旋桨飞机
turbojet 涡轮喷气飞机 by air, by pla乘飞机 airline 航空线passenger cabin 客舱 tourist class普通舱, 经济舱 first class一等舱waiting list 登机票名单 customs formalities 报关单
boarding check 登机牌 airpor航空港 air terminal 航空集散站
tarmac停机坪 air hostess, stewardess空中小姐，女乘务员
steward 乘务员 aircraft crew, air crew机组，机务人员
pilot驾驶员，机长 takeoff起飞 landing 着陆
to board a plane, get into a plane上飞机
to get off a plane, alight from a plane下飞机 non-stop flight to飞往，直飞
In transit 运送中的 air pocket气潭，气阱
六．个性类单词
able 有才干的，能干的 active 主动的，活跃的 adaptable 适应性强的 adroit 灵巧的，机敏的 aggressive 有进取心的 alert 机灵的 ambitious 有雄心壮志的 amiable 和蔼可亲的 amicable 友好的 analytical 善于分析的 apprehensive 有理解力的 aspiring 有志 - 206 -
气的，有抱负的 audacious 大胆的，有冒险精神的 capable 有能力的，有才能的 careful 办事仔细的 candid 正直的 charitable 宽厚的 competent 能胜任的 confident 有信心的 conscientious 认真的，自觉的 considerate 体贴的 constructive 建设性的 contemplative 好沉思的 cooperative 有合作精神的 creative 富创造力的 dashing 有一股子冲劲的，有拼搏精神的 dedicated 有奉献精神的 devoted 有献身精神的 dependable 可靠的 diplomatic 老练的，有策略的 disciplined 守纪律的 discreet （在行动，说话等方面）谨慎的 dutiful 尽职的 dynamic 精悍的 earnest 认真的 well-educated 受过良好教育的 efficient 有效率的 energetic 精力充沛的 enthusiastic 充满热情的 expressive 善于表达 faithful 守信的，忠诚的 forceful （性格）坚强的 frank 直率的，真诚的 friendly 友好的 frugal 俭朴的 generous 宽宏大量的 genteel 有教养的 gentle 有礼貌的 hard-working 勤劳的 hearty 精神饱满的 honest 诚实的 hospitable 殷勤的 humble 恭顺的 humorous 幽默的 impartial 公正的 independent 有主见的 industrious 勤奋的 ingenious 有独创性的 initiative 首创精神 have an inquiring mind 爱动脑筋 intellective 有智力的 intelligent 理解力强的 inventive 有发明才能的，有创造力的 just 正直的 kind-hearted 好心的 knowledgeable 有见识的 learned 精通某门学问的 liberal 心胸宽大的 logical 条理分明的 loyal 忠心耿耿的 methodical 有方法的 modest 谦虚的 motivated 目的明确的 objective 客观的 open-minded 虚心的 orderly 守纪律的 original 有独创性的 painstaking 辛勤的，苦干的，刻苦的 practical 实际的 precise 一丝不苟的 persevering 不屈不挠的 punctual 严守时刻的 purposeful 意志坚强的 qualified 合格的 rational 有理性的 realistic 实事求是的 reasonable 讲道理的 reliable 可信赖的 responsible 负责的 self-conscious 自觉的 selfless 无私的 sensible 明白事理的 sincere 真诚的 smart 精明的 spirited 生气勃勃的 sporting 光明正大的 steady 塌实的 straightforward 老实的 strict 严格的
长相类单词： short 矮 tall 高 overweight 胖 plump 丰满 thin 瘦 skinny太瘦了 slim 苗条 medium height 不胖不瘦 tubby 矮胖 muscular 强壮 elegantly 优雅 good-looking 长的好看 plain 长的一般 smartly dressed 穿着得体 well dressed 穿的漂亮 neatly dressed 衣着干净整洁 scrufily dressed 衣着不整洁 overweight 超重 dark hair blonde 金发 cury,wavy hair 卷发 pony tail 马尾freckle 雀斑 dimple 酒窝 oval face 鸭蛋脸
七．.炊具类单词
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kettle 水壶 whistling kettle 鸣笛水壶 whistle 鸣笛 teapot 茶壶 toaster 烤箱 refrigerator-freezer, fridge-freezer 冰箱 dishwasher 洗碗机 draining board 沥水板 cooker 灶 food processor 食品加工机 blender 搅拌机 fruit and vegetable juice extractor 果汁机 corkscrew 开塞钻 bottle cap opener 瓶盖启子 pot 锅 stew pot 炖锅 cover, lid 锅盖 handle 锅耳 frying pan 煎锅 handle 锅把 pressure cooker 压力锅 pressure valve 压力阀 wok 炒勺 electric wok 电炒勺 ladle 勺 rolling pin 擀面杖 Cupboard 碗厨Drawers 抽屉Platerack 盘架Tray 托盘Dish-cover 盘盖Pan 锅Saucepan;stewpan 煮锅Steaner 蒸锅Frying-pan 煎锅Earthenware cooking pot 砂锅Pressure-cooker 压力锅Wok 铁锅Spafula 炒菜勺Ladle 大汤勺Meat-mincer 绞肉机Kitchen krife 菜刀Egg-beater 打蛋器Coffee-mill 咖啡磨Rolling pin 擀面杖Knifc-grinder 磨刀轮Sieve 筛Funnel 漏斗Sink 洗菜池Tap 水龙头Pail 水桶Gas stove 煤气炉Electric stove 电炉Kerosene stove;kerosine stove 煤油炉Toast rack 烤面包夹Toaster 烤面包架Oven 烤箱Microwave oven 微波炉Kitchen range 大灶Range hood 抽油烟机Electric fan 电扇Coal-scuttle 煤箱Poker 通条,火钩Shovel 煤铲Tongs 火钳
八．.疾病类单词
hepatitis 肝炎nephritis 肾炎 pneumonia 肺炎bronchitis 支气管炎 asthma 哮喘 gastritis 胃炎 diabetes 糖尿病 leukocyte 白血病 hemophilia 血友病 hemorrhage 出血anemia 贫血 neurosis 神经psychosis 精神病 derangement 精神错乱 delirium 精神错乱 insanity 精神错乱mania 精神错乱 distraught 心神狂乱 hysteria 歇斯底里 euphoria 欣快症 amnesia 健忘症 stupor 昏迷coma 昏迷 vertigo [医]眩晕dizzy 头昏眼花 concussion 脑震荡hypnosis 催眠状态 insomnia 失眠症 paralysis 中风 acrophobia 恐高症phobia 恐惧症 addiction 吸毒上瘾 anorexia 厌食dyspepsia 消化不良 dyslexia 阅读障碍 flatulence 胃气涨痛 arthritis 关节炎fracture 骨折 myopia 近视 measles 麻疹 allergy 过敏症 convulsion 痉挛 spasm 痉挛 plag torpor 有气无力 analgesia 无痛觉症contagion 传染病
九．.动物名称
adder, viper 蝰蛇 albatross 信天翁alligator 短吻鳄, 美洲鳄 alpaca 羊驼
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anchovy 凤尾鱼 anglerfish 安康鱼 anopheles 按蚊,疟蚊 ant 蚂蚁
anteater 食蚁兽 antilope 羚羊 armadillo 犰狳 ass, donkey 驴
badger 獾 bald eagle 白头鹰 bat 蝙蝠 bear 熊 beaver 河狸
bedbug, bug 臭虫 bee, honeybees 蜜蜂 beetle 甲虫, 金龟子 billy 雄山羊 bird of paradise 极乐鸟, 天堂鸟 bison 美洲野牛 boa 王蛇 boar 雄猪, 种猪 brood 鸡的统称 buck 公兔 buffalo 水牛 bull, ox 雄牛 bullfrog 牛蛙 bullock, steer 小阉牛 bumble bee 大黄蜂 butterfly 蝴蝶 cabbage butterfly 纹白蝶 caiman, cayman 凯门鳄 calf 小牛, 牛犊 calf( pl. calves) 年幼的牛 camel 骆驼 canary 金丝雀 carp 鲤鱼 cat 猫 caterpillar 毛虫 catta 雌猫 cattle 牛 centipede 蜈蚣 chaffinch 苍头燕雀 chameleon 变色龙,避役 chick 小鸡 chicken 鸡, 雏鸡 chimpanzee 黑猩猩 chinchilla 南美栗鼠 chub 鲢鱼 cicada 蝉 clam 蚌 cob 雄天鹅 cobra 眼镜蛇 cock 公鸡 cock,rooster 公鸡 cockatoo 大葵花鹦鹉 cockle 鸟蛤 cockroach 蟑螂 cod 鳕鱼
colt, foal 马驹,小马 condor 秃鹰 copperhead 美洲腹蛇 coral snake 银环蛇 cormorant 鸬鹚 cow 雌牛, 母牛 crab 蟹 crayfish 小龙虾, 喇蛄 cricket 蟋蟀 crocodile 鳄鱼, 非洲鳄 crow 乌鸦 crucian 鲫鱼 cuckoo 杜鹃,布谷鸟 cuttloefish 乌贼 cygnet 小天鹅 deer 鹿 dog 狗 dog 雄狗 dolphin 河豚 donkey, ass 驴 dormouse 睡鼠 dove 鸽 dragonfly 蜻蜓 d drone 雄蜂
duck 鸭 duckbill, platypus 鸭嘴兽 eagle 鹰 elephant 象 ewe 母羊
ferret 雪貂 flea 跳蚤 flock 绵羊的统称 fly 苍蝇 foal, colt, filly 幼马 fox 狐 frog 青蛙 gaggle 鹅的统称 gander 雄鹅 gander, wild goose 雁 gannet 塘鹅 gavial 印度鳄 gazelle 小羚羊 gelding 阉割的马 giant salamander 娃娃鱼, 鲵 gibbon 长臂猿 gilt 小母猪 giraffe 长颈鹿 glowworm, firefly 萤火虫 goat 山羊
golden eagle 鹫 goldfinch 金翅雀 goose 雌鹅 goose 鹅 gopher 囊地鼠 gorilla 大猩猩 gosling 幼鹅 grass snake 草蛇 grasshopper 蚱蜢 grouse 松鸡 guanaco 原驼 Guinea pig 豚鼠 guinea, fowl 珍珠鸡 gull, seagull 海鸥 hake 无须鳕hare 野兔 hawk, falcon 隼 hedgehog 刺猬 heifer 小母牛 hen 母鸡 herd 牛的统称 herd 猪的统称 hermit crab 寄居蟹 heron 苍鹰 herring 青鱼, 鲱 hinny 驴骡 hippopotamus 河马 hog 阉猪, 肥猪 horse 马
horsefly, gadfly 厩蝇,牛虻 hummingbird 蜂雀 hyena, hyaena 鬣狗
iguana 鬣蜥 Japanese beetle 日本金龟子 jenny ass 雌驴kangaroo 袋鼠
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kid 年幼的山羊 kingfisher 翠鸟 kite 鹞 kitten 小猫 kitten, kitty, pussy 小猫 koala 考拉, 树袋熊 ladybird 瓢虫 lamb 羊羔,羔羊 large prawn 大对虾
lark 百鸟,云雀 leopard 豹 lion 狮 lizard 蜥蜴 llama 大羊驼 lobster 龙虾
locust 蝗虫 louse, lice 虱子, 白虱 lynx 猞猁 macaw 金刚鹦鹉 mackerel 鲭,鲐 magpie 喜鹊 male ant 雄蚁 mallard 野鸭, 凫 mare 母马 marmot 土拨鼠 moccasin 嗜鱼蛇 mole 鼹鼠 monkey 猴子 mosquito 蚊 moth 蛾
mouse 家鼠 mule 骡 mullet 乌鱼, 黑鱼 mussel 淡菜,贻贝 mustang 野马 mutton 羊肉 nanny 雌山羊 nightingale 夜莺 Norway lobster 蝉虾
octopus 章鱼 orangutan 猩猩 ostrich 鸵鸟 otter 水獭 owl 枭,猫头鹰 ox 牛 oyster 牡蛎 pale clouded yellow 纹黄蝶 panther, puma 美洲豹
parakeet 长尾鹦鹉 parrot 鹦鹉 partridge 石鸡, 鹧鸪 peacock 孔雀
pelican 鹈鹕 penguin 企鹅 perch 鲈鱼 pheasant 雉, #7@j pig, swine 猪
pigeon 野鸽 piglet, shoat 年幼的猪 pike 梭子鱼 plaice 鲽 plover 千鸟
pony 矮马 porcupine 箭猪, 豪猪 porpoise 大西洋鼠海豚 poult 小火鸡
prawn 虾 praying mantis 螳螂 ptarmigan 雷鸟 pup 年幼的狗 python 蟒蛇 quail 鹌鹑 queen ant 蚁后 queen bee 蜂王 rabbit 兔 rabbit 兔子
ram 雄绵羊 rat 鼠 rattlesnake 响尾蛇 ray 鳐鱼 red mullet, surmullet 羊鱼 reindeer 驯鹿 rhinoceros 犀牛 robin 知更鸟 sailfish 旗鱼
salamander, triton, newt 蝾螈 salmon 鲑鱼 sardine 沙丁鱼 scallop 扇贝 scops owl 角枭,耳鸟 scorpion 蝎子 sea bream 海鲷 sea horse 海马
sea turtle 海龟 sea urchin 海胆 seal 海豹 shark 鲨鱼 sheep 绵羊 shrimp 对虾 silkworm moth 蚕蛾 silverfish 蠹虫 skipjack 鲣鱼 sloth 獭猴 snail 蜗牛
snake 蛇 snipe 鹬 sole 舌鳎 sow 雌猪 sparrow 麻雀 spider 蜘蛛
spider crab 蜘蛛蟹 spiny lobster, rock lobster 大螯虾 squid 枪乌贼,鱿鱼
squirrel 松鼠 stallion 雄马 starling 八哥 stink bug 椿象 stork 鹳
sturgeon 鲟鱼 sulphur butterfly 白蝴蝶 sunfish 翻车鱼 swallow 燕子 swallowtail 凤尾蝶 swan 天鹅 swift 褐雨燕 swordfish 剑鱼
tabby, she-cat, grimalkin 雌猫 tarantula 多毛毒蜘蛛 tarpon 大海鲢
teal 小野鸭 termite 蚁 thoroughbred 纯种马 thrush 画眉 tiger 虎 toad 蟾蜍 tom 雄火鸡 tomcat 雄猫 tomcat 雄猫, 公猫 tortoise 玳瑁 trout 鳟鱼
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tuatara 古蜥蜴 tunny, tuna 金枪鱼 turbot 大菱鲆 turkey 火鸡 turtle 龟
turtle dove 斑鸠 vicuna 小羊驼 vole 田鼠 vulture 秃鹫 wall lizard 壁虎
walrus 海象 wasp 黄蜂, 胡蜂 water buffalo 水牛 weasel 鼬,黄鼠狼 whale 鲸 white ant 白蚁 whitethroat 白喉雀 whiting 小无须鳕 wiggler 孑孓
wildcat 野猫 wolf 狼 woodcock 山鹬 woodpecker 啄木鸟 worker ant 工蚁 yak 牦牛 yak 牦牛 zebra 斑马
十.菜肴类：
Aubergine (茄子)、Dwarf Bean (刀豆)、Chillies (辣椒)、Eddoes (小芋头)、Spinach (菠菜)、Bean sprots (绿豆芽)、Springonions (葱)、Leeks (大葱)、Garlic (大蒜)、Ginger (生姜)、Co□riander (香菜)、Green bean (绿豆)、Red Bean(红豆)、Dried black mushroom(冬菇)、Tiger lily buds(金针菜)、Mu-er (木耳)、 Cashewnuts(腰果)、Silk noodles(粉丝)、SeavegetableorSeaweed (海带)、Tofu (豆腐)、Dried fish (鱼干)。
调料：
Soysauce(酱油)、Vinger(醋)、Cornstarch(淀粉)、Sesameoil(麻油)、Oys□tersauce(蚝油)、Pepper(胡椒)、Redchillipowder(辣椒粉)、Sesamepaste(芝麻酱)、Monosidumglutanate(味精)、Chineseredpepper(花椒)、Saltblackbean(豆鼓)、Staranise(八角)、Brownsugar(砂糖，专用于泡奶茶或咖啡)、darkBrownSugar(红糖)、Custersugar(白砂糖)、RockSugar(冰糖)。面食：Longrice(长米，较硬，煮前需先浸泡1个小时)、Puddingriceorshortrice(短米，较软)、Brownrice(糙米)、THAIFragrantrice(泰国香米)、Glutinousrice(糯米)、flou(面粉)、Wholemealflour(小麦面粉)、Noodles(面条)、Instantnoodles(方便面)、Wantunskin(馄饨皮)。 FreshGradeBreast(鸡胸肉)、ChickenWings(鸡翅膀)、MincedSteak(碎肉)、SmokedBacon(熏肉)、PorkFillet(里脊肉)、SpareRibofPork(小排骨)、BlackPudding(黑香肠)、Hock(肘子)、StewingBeef(小块瘦肉)、RumpSteak(大块牛排)、TenderisedSteak(半成品牛排)、Cowhells(牛筋)。
Potato(马铃薯)、Carrot(胡萝卜)、Mooli(白萝卜)、Onion(洋葱)、Celery(西芹)、WhiteCabbage(包心菜)、Cucumber(大黄瓜)、Tomato(蕃茄)、Sweetcorn(玉米)、GreenPepper(青椒)、Redpepper(红辣椒)。
十一.电视节目类
焦点访谈 Topics in Focus 新闻调查 News Probe
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新闻30分 News in 30 Minutes 商业电视 Business TV
市场热线 Market Hotline 世界经济报道 World Economic Report
股市分析 Stock Market Analysis 足球之夜 Soccer Night
健康俱乐部 Health Club 春节联欢晚会 Spring Festival Gala Evening
半边天 Half the Sky 综艺大观 Super Variety Show
戏迷园地 Garden for Opera Fans 大风车 Big Pinwheel
七巧板 Tangram 12演播室 Twelve Studio
中华民族 Chinese Ethnic Peoples 科技博览 Science and Technology Review
人与自然 Man and Nature 正大综艺 Zhengda Variety Show
书坛画苑 Gallery of Calligraphy Painting
天涯共此时 Time Together across the Strait
华夏风情 China Kaleidoscope 中国新闻 China News
中国报道 China Report 旅行家 Travelogue 中国各地 Around China
今日中国 China Today 周日话题 Sunday Topics 英语新闻 English News
东方时尚 Oriental Fashion 厨艺 Chinese Cooking
中华医药 Traditional Chinese Medicine
十二: 花卉类单词
中国水仙 new year lily 石榴 pomegranate 月桂victor's laurel 报春花 polyanthus 木棉 cotton tree 紫丁香 lilac 吊钟 lady's eardrops
紫荆 chinese redbud 百合 lily 紫罗兰 wall flower 桃花 peach
紫藤 wistaria 杜鹃 azalea 铃兰 lily-of-the-valley 牡丹 tree paeony
银杏 ginkgo 芍药 paeony 蝴蝶兰 moth orchid 辛夷 violet magnolia
蟹爪仙人掌 christmas cactus 玫瑰 rose 郁金香 tulip 茶花 common camelia 千日红 common globe-amaranth 非洲堇 african vioet 天人菊 indian blanket 栀子花 cape jasmine 风信子 hyacinyh 百子莲 african lily 牵牛花 morning glory 君子兰 kafir lily 荷包花 lady's pocketbook 含笑花 banana shrub 非洲菊 african
daisy
含羞草 esnsitive plant 茉莉 arabian jasmine 猪笼草 pitcher plant
凌霄花 creeper 树兰 orchid tree 康乃馨caronation
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鸡冠花 cockscomb 荷花lotus 鸢萝 cypress vine 菩提 bo-tree
大理花 dahlia 圣诞百合 christmas bell 一串红 scarlet sage
紫薇 crape myrtle 勿忘草 forget-me-not 睡莲 water lily
文心兰 dacing lady 吊兰 spider plant 白头翁 pappy anemone
向日葵 sunflower 矢车菊 cornflower 竹 bamboo 金鱼草 snapdrgon 夹竹桃
oleander 金盏花 pot marigold 扶桑 china rose
金银花 japanese honeysuckle 长春花 old maid 金莲花 garden nasturium 秋海棠
begonia 非洲凤仙 african touch-me-not 美人蕉 canna
曼佗罗 angeles trumpet 晚香玉 tuberose 梅花 flowering apricot
野姜花 ginger lily 圣诞红 common poinsettia 菊花 chrysamthemum 虞美人 iceland poppy 昙花 epiphyllum 鸢尾 iris 龙胆 royal blue 腊梅 winter sweet 麒麟花 bojers spurge 木芙蓉 cotton rose
九重葛 paper flower 火鹤花 flamingo flower 三色堇 tricolor viola
嘉德丽亚兰 cattleya Flowers
十三.风景名胜
Asia 亚洲
Mount Fuji, Japan 日本富士山
Taj Mahal, India 印度泰姬陵
Angkor Wat, Cambodia 柬埔寨吴哥窟
Bali, Indonesia 印度尼西亚巴厘岛
Borobudur, Indonesia 印度尼西亚波罗浮屠
Sentosa, Singapore 新加坡圣淘沙
Babylon, Iraq 伊拉克巴比伦遗迹
Africa 非洲
Suez Canal, Egypt 埃及苏伊士运河
Aswan High Dam, Egypt 埃及阿斯旺水坝
Pyramids, Egypt 埃及金字塔
The Nile, Egypt 埃及尼罗河
Nairobi National Park, Kenya 肯尼亚内罗毕国家公园
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Cape of Good Hope, South Africa 南非好望角 Sahara Desert 撒哈拉大沙漠
Oceania 大洋洲
Great Barrier Reef, Australia 澳大利亚大堡礁
Sydney Opera House, Australia 澳大利亚悉尼歌剧院 Ayers Rock, Australia 澳大利亚艾尔斯巨石 Mount Cook, New Zealand 新西兰库克山 Europe 欧洲
Mosque of St, Sophia in Istanbul (Constantinople) Turkey 土耳其圣索非亚教堂
Notre Dame de Paris, France 法国巴黎圣母院 Effiel Tower, France 法国艾菲尔铁塔
Arch of Triumph, France 法国凯旋门
Elysee Palace, France 法国爱丽舍宫
Louvre, France 法国卢浮宫
Kolner Dom, Koln, Germany 德国科隆大教堂 Leaning Tower of Pisa, Italy 意大利比萨斜塔
Colosseum in Rome, Italy 意大利古罗马圆形剧场 Parthenon, Greece 希腊巴台农神庙
Red Square in Moscow, Russia 俄罗斯莫斯科红场 Big Ben in London, England 英国伦敦大本钟 Buckingham Palace, England 英国白金汉宫 Hyde Park, England 英国海德公园
London Tower Bridge, England 英国伦敦塔桥
Westminster Abbey, England 英国威斯敏斯特大教堂 The Mediterranean 地中海
America 美洲
Niagara Falls, USA 美国尼亚加拉大瀑布
Honolulu, Hawaii, USA 美国夏威夷檀香山 Panama Canal 巴拿马运河
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Yellowstone National Park, USA 美国黄石国家公园
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York City, USA 美国纽约大都会艺术博物馆 Statue of Liberty, New York City, USA 美国纽约自由女神像
Times Square, New York City, USA 美国纽约时代广场
The White House, Washington DC., USA 美国华盛顿白宫
World Trade Center, New York City, USA 美国纽约世界贸易中心
Central Park, New York City, USA 美国纽约中央公园
Hollywood, California, USA 美国加利佛尼亚好莱坞
Disneyland, California, USA 加利佛尼亚迪斯尼乐园
Las Vegas, Nevada, USA 美国内华达拉斯威加斯
美国大峡谷-TheGrandCanyon
澳大利亚的大堡礁-GreatBarrierReef
美国佛罗里达州-Florida
新西兰的南岛-SoutIsland
好望角-CapeTown
金庙-GoldenTemple
拉斯维加斯-LasVegas
悉尼-Sydney
印度泰姬陵-TajMahal
加拿大洛基山脉-CanadianRockies
墨西哥玛雅古迹-ChichenItza-Mexico
秘鲁印加遗址-MachuPicchu-Peru
尼亚加拉瀑布-NiagaraFalls
约旦佩特拉城-Petra-Jordan
埃及金字塔-ThePyramids-Egypt
威尼斯-Venice
维多利亚瀑布-VictoriaFalls-Zimbabwe
美国约塞米蒂国家公园（0YosemiteNationalPark）
夏威夷（Hawaii）
新西兰的奥克兰
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Auckland-NewZealand
巴西伊瓜苏瀑布 IguassuFalls
柬埔寨的吴哥窟 AngkorWat-Cambodia
尼泊尔的喜马拉雅山脉 Himalayas-Nepal
巴巴多斯岛 Barbados
冰岛 Iceland
中国西安的兵马俑 TerracottaArmy-China
瑞士策马特峰 Zermatt-Switzerland
委内瑞拉天使瀑布 AngelFalls-Venezuela
埃及阿布辛贝神庙 AbuSimbel-Egypt
圣保罗大教堂 Sallo Paulo cathedral
大英博物馆 British Museum
白金汉宫 Buckingham Palace
国会大厦及大本钟 Capitol and Big Ben
伦敦塔桥 Tower of London bridge
西敏寺 Agile temple of west
大堡礁 Great Barrier
十四.天气类单词
晴朗的：sunny 阴天多云的：cloudy 下雨的：rainy 刮风的：windy 多雪的：snowy Drifting Snow=飘雪 Drizzle=毛毛雨 Dust=灰尘 Fair=晴 Few Showers=短暂阵雨 Few Snow Showers=短暂阵雪
Few Snow Showers / Wind=短暂阵雪时有风 Fog=雾 Haze=薄雾
Hail=冰雹 Heavy Rain=大雨 Heavy Rain Icy=大冰雨 Heavy Snow=大雪
Heavy T-Storm=强烈雷雨 Isolated T-Storms=局部雷雨 Light Drizzle=微雨
Light Rain=小雨 Light Rain Shower=小阵雨 Light Rain with Thunder=小雨有雷声 Light Snow=小雪 Light Snow Fall=小降雪
Light Snow Grains=小粒雪 Light Snow Shower=小阵雪 Lightening=雷电
Mist=薄雾 Mostly Clear=大部晴朗 Mostly Cloudy=大部多云
Mostly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时阴有风 Mostly Sunny=晴时多云
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Partly Cloudy=局部多云 Partly Cloudy/ Windy=多云时有风 PM Light Rain=下午小雨 PM Showers=下午阵雨 PM Snow Showers=下午阵雪
PM T-Storms=下午雷雨 Rain=雨 Rain Shower=阵雨
Rain Shower/ Windy=阵雨/有风 Rain / Snow Showers=雨或阵雪 Rain / Snow Showers Early=下雨/早间阵雪
Rain / Wind=雨时有风 Rain and Snow=雨夹雪 Scattered Showers=零星阵雨 Scattered Showers / Wind=零星阵雨时有风 Scattered Snow Showers=零星阵雪 Scattered Snow Showers / Wind=零星阵雪时有风
Scattered Strong Storms=零星强烈暴风雨 Scattered T-Storms=零星雷雨
Showers=阵雨 Showers Early=早有阵雨 Showers Late=晚有阵雨
Showers / Wind=阵雨时有风 Showers in the Vicinity=周围有阵雨
Smoke=烟雾 Snow=雪 Snow / Rain Icy Mix=冰雨夹雪 Snow and Fog=雾夹雪
Snow Shower=阵雪 Snowflakes=雪花 Sunny=阳光 Sunny / Wind=晴时有风
Sunny Day=晴天 Thunder=雷鸣 Thunder in the Vicinity=周围有雷雨
T-Storms=雷雨 T-Storms Early=早有持续雷雨 T-Storms Late=晚有持续雷雨 Windy=有风 Windy / Snowy=有风/有雪 Windy Rain=刮风下雨
Wintry Mix=雨雪混合 meteorology 气象学 atmosphere 大气
climate 气候 elements 自然力量(风 、雨) temperature 气温
to be warm, to be hot 天气热 to be cold 天气冷
frost 霜 hail 冰雹 snow 雪 thunder 雷 wind 风 mist 雾 cloud 云 haze 霾
rain 雨 downpour, shower 暴雨 storm, tempest 暴风雨 lightning 闪电 land wind 陆风 hurricane 飓风 cyclone 旋风 typhoon 台风 whirlwind 龙卷风
gale 季节风 gust of wind 阵风 breeze 微风 fog 浓雾 dew 露水
humidity 潮湿 freeze 冰冻 snowflake 雪花 snowfall 降雪 waterspout 水龙卷 dead calm 风平浪静 Indian summer 小阳春 drought 干旱
十五.有关体育用品的单词
体育大国/强国 sporting/sports power
又红又专/思想好，业务精 to be both socialist-minded and vocationally proficient - 217 -
体育界 sports circle(s) 承担义务 to undertake obligation 黑马 dark horse
冷门 an unexpected winner; dark horse 爆冷门 to produce an unexpected winner 发展体育运动，增强人民体质 Promote physical culture and build up the people's health 锻炼身体，保卫祖国 Build up a good physique to defend the country
为祖国争光 to win honors for the motherland
胜不骄，败不馁 Do not become cocky
be dizzy with success, nor downcast over/discouraged by defeat.
体育道德 sportsmanship
打出水平，打出风格 up to one's best level in skill and style of play
竞技状态好 in good form 失常 to lose one's usual form
比分领先 to outscore 打成平局 to draw/to tie/to play even/to level the score 失利 to lose 中华人民共和国运动委员会（国家体委）
Physical Culture and Sports Commission of the PRC (State Physical Culture and Sports Commission)
中华全国体育总会 All-China Sports Federation
国际奥林匹克委员会 International Olympic Committee
少年业余体育学校
youth spare-time sports school, youth amateur athletic school
辅导站 coaching center 体育中心 sports center/complex
竞赛信息中心 competition information center
运动会 sports meet; athletic meeting; games
全国运动会 National Games
世界大学生运动会 World University Games; Universiade
比赛地点 competition/sports venue(s)
国际比赛 international tournament
邀请赛 invitational/invitational tournament
锦标赛 championship 东道国 host country/nation
体育场 stadium; sports field/ground
体育馆 gymnasium, gym; indoor stadium
比赛场馆 competition gymnasiums and stadiums
- 218 -
练习场馆 training gymnasiums
操场 playground; sports ground; drill ground
体育活动 sports/sporting activities 体育锻炼 physical training
体育锻炼标准 standard for physical training
体育疗法 physical exercise therapy; sports therapy
广播操 setting-up exercises to music
课/工间操 physical exercises during breaks
体育工作者 physical culture workers, sports organizer
运动爱好者 sports fan/enthusiast 观众 spectator 啦啦队 cheering-section 啦啦队长 cheer-leader 国家队 national team 种子队 seeded team 主队 home team 客队 visiting team 教练员 coach
裁判员 referee, umpire 裁判长 chief referee 团体项目 team event 单项 individual event 男子项目 men's event 女子项目 women's event champion; gold medalist 全能冠军 all-round champion
亚军 running-up; second; silver medalist
第三名 third; bronze medalist 世界纪录保持者 world-record holder 运动员 athlete; sportsman 种子选手 seeded player; seed
优秀选手 top-ranking/topnotch athlete
1.田径运动 track and field; athletics
田赛 field events
竞赛 track events 跳高 high jump 撑杆跳高 pole jump; polevault
跳远 long/broad jump 三级跳远 hop, step and jump; triple jump
标枪 javelin throw 铅球 shot put 铁饼 discus throw 链球 hammer throw 马拉松赛跑 Marathon (race) 接力 relay race; relay
跨栏比赛 hurdles; hurdle race 竞走 walking; walking race
体操 gymnastics 自由体操 floor/free exercises
技巧运动 acrobatic gymnastics 垫上运动 mat exercises 单杠 horizontal bar 双杠 parallel bars 高低杠 uneven bars; high-low bars 吊环 rings
跳马 vaulting horse 鞍马 pommel horse 平衡木 balance beam
- 219 - 冠军
2.冰上运动ice sports
冰球运动 ice hockey 冰球场 rink 冰球 puck; rubber 速度滑冰 speed skating 花样滑冰 figure skating 冰场 skating rink; ice rink 人工冰场 artificial ice stadium 滑雪 skiing 速度滑雪 cross country ski racing 高山滑雪 alpine skiing
3.水上运动 water/acquatic sports 水上运动中心 aquatic sports center
水球（运动）water polo 水球场 playing pool 滑水 water-skiing 冲浪 surfing 游泳 swimming 游泳池 swimming pool 游泳馆 natatorium
自由泳 freestyle; crawl (stroke) 蛙泳 breaststroke 侧泳 sidestroke
蝶泳 butterfly (stroke) 海豚式 dolphin stroke/kick 蹼泳 fin swimming
跳水 diving 跳台跳水 platform diving 跳板跳水 springboard diving
赛艇运动 rowing 滑艇/皮艇 canoeing 帆船运动 yachting; sailing
赛龙船 dragon-boat racing medley relay 混合泳 crawl 爬泳 breaststroke
蛙式 backstroke 仰式 freestyle 自由式 butterfly (stroke) 蝶泳water polo 水球 water skiing 水橇 rowing 划船 canoe 划艇 boat race 赛艇 yacht
游艇 kayak 皮船 sailing 帆船运动
4.室内运动 indoor sports
举重 weightlifting 重量级 heavyweight 中量级 middleweight
轻量级 lightweight 拳击 boxing 摔交 wresting 击剑 fencing 射击 shooting 靶场 shooting range 射箭 archery
拳术 quanshu; barehanded exercise; Chinese boxing
气功 qigong; breathing exercises 自行车运动 cycling; cycle racing
赛车场（自行车等的）倾斜赛车场 cycling track 室内自行车赛场 indoor velodrome 摩托运动 motorcycling 登山运动 mountaineering; mountain-climbing
骑术 horsemanship 赛马场 equestrian park 国际象棋 (international) chess
特级大师 grandmaster 象棋 xiangqi; Chinese chess
5.Athletics 竞技
- 220 -
race 跑 middle-distance race 中长跑 long-distance runner 长跑运动员
sprint 短跑 (美作:dash) marathon 马拉松 decathlon 十项 cross-country race 越野跑 jump 跳跃 jumping 跳跃运动
high jump 跳高 long jump 跳远 jump 三级跳 pole vault 撑竿跳 throw 投掷 throwing the discus推铅球 throwing the hammer掷铁饼 throwing the javelin掷链锤 掷标枪 walk 竞走
6.Individual Sports 体育项目
gymnastics 体操 gymnastic apparatus 体操器械 horizontal bar 单杠
parallel bars 双杠 rings 吊环 trapeze 秋千 wall bars 肋木 side horse, pommelled horse 鞍马 weight-lifting 举重 weights 重量级 boxing 拳击 Greece-Roman wrestling 古典式摔跤 hold, lock 揪钮 judo 柔道
fencing 击剑 winter sports 冬季运动 skiing 滑雪 ski 滑雪板
downhill race 速降滑雪赛,滑降 slalom 障碍滑雪
ski jumping competition 跳高滑雪比赛 ski jump 跳高滑雪 ice skating 滑冰
figure skating 花样滑冰 roller skating 滑旱冰 bobsleigh, bobsled 雪橇
7.Games and Competitions 球类运动
football 足球 rugby 橄榄球 basketball 篮球 volleyball 排球 tennis 网球
baseball 垒球 handball 手球 hockey 曲棍球 golf 高尔夫球 cricket 板球
ice hockey 冰球 goalkeeper 球门员 centre kick 中线发球 goal kick 球门发球
十六.学习用具类
pencil 铅笔 pen 钢笔paper 纸ink 墨水book 书 desk 桌子 chair
椅子eraser 橡皮 ruler 尺子 bag 书包 backpack 双肩包 sharpener 卷笔刀 ballpen 圆珠笔crayon 蜡笔 compass圆规 pencil-box pencil-case 铅笔盒 compass圆规 correcting liquid 修正液 stapler 订书机stationery 文具torch, flashlight 手电 bulb 灯泡 battery 电池 lock 锁 watch, wrist watch 表, 手表 watch band 表带 watch chain 表链clock 钟 alarm clock 闹钟 electric clock 电钟 umbrella 雨伞parasol, sun umbrella 阳伞 knapsack 背包
- 221 -
十七.字母缩写词大收集
Ad：advertisement 广告 Auto：automobile 汽车
Biz：business 商业 Cig：cigarette 香烟
Coke：cocacola 可口可乐 co-op：co-operative store 合作商店 delt：delicatessen 熟食 disco：discotheque 迪斯科
dorm：dormitary 宿舍 flu：influenza 流感
exam：examination 考试 grad：graduate 毕业生
lab：laboratory 实验室 hosp：hospital 医院
kilo：kilogram 千克 mike：microphone 扬声器
medic：medical personnel 医护人员 mod：modern 现代
nuke：nuclear 核 pc：percent 百分比
perm：permanent wave 烫发 ped：pedestrian 行人
photo：photograph 相片 pic：picture 电影
pix：pictures 电影 porn：pornography 黄色书刊
pro：professional 职业的 phone：telephone 电话
sec：secretary 秘书 tele：television 电视
uni：university 大学 vet：veterinary surgeon 兽医
atomomb：atom bomb 原子弹 blacketeer：black marketeer 黑市商人 cinemanufacturer：cinema manufacturer 电影制片人
fruice：fruit juice 果汁 slanguage：slang language 方言俗语 teleceiver：television receiver 电视接收机
十八.购 物 类 用 语
一).日常用品英语翻译
to do some shopping; to go shopping 买东西 shopping centre 商业中心区 department store 百货商店 children's goods store 儿童用品商店 antique shop 古玩店 second-hand store 旧货店 counter 柜台
stall, stand 售货摊 show window 橱窗 show case 玻璃柜台shelf 货架 cash desk, cashier's desk 收银处 price tag 标价签
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prices are fixed, fixed prices 有定价 discount 打折扣 change 零钱
to keep the bill 留#5@p to wrap up 包装free of charge 不收费 to deliver 送
be al sold out, out of stock 售空 shop assistant, salesman 售货员
saleswoman 女售货员 glassware counter 玻璃器皿部 enamel ware 搪瓷器皿 haberdashery 男子服饰用品 confectionery 糖果糕点 cosmetics 化妆用品 stationery 文具fabrics 纺织品 dry goods 服装
ready-made clothes, off-the-peg, ready-to-wear 成衣,现成服装
men's wear 男服 women's wear 女服 underwear 内衣裤
sports goods, athletic equipment 体育用品 sundries 零星小物
toilet articles 盥洗用品 towel 毛巾 handkerchief 手帕 toilet soap 香皂 shampoo 洗发香波 soap 肥皂 laundry soap 洗衣皂 soap powder 肥皂粉 soap flakes 皂片medicated soap 药皂 detergent 洗衣粉cleanser 去污粉 tooth paste 牙膏 tooth brush 牙刷 toilet mirror 梳妆镜hair brush 发刷
hair vaseline 发蜡 cosmetics 化妆品 lipstic 口红, 唇膏 face powder 粉 compact 粉盒powder puff 粉扑 cold cream 香脂 vanishing cream 雪花膏 perfume, scent 香水perfume spray 香水喷子 coat hanger 挂衣架 clothes-peg, clothes pin 晒衣夹 string bag, net bag 网兜
thermos bottle 热水瓶 cap, cork 热水瓶瓶盖
travellers' water bottle, water flask, canteen 旅行水壶
lunch box, canteen 饭盒 thread 线 needle 针 button 钮扣 zipper 拉链 key-ring 钥匙圈 torch, flashlight 手电 bulb 灯泡 battery 电池 lock 锁
watch, wrist watch 表, 手表 watch band 表带 watch chain 表链 clock 钟alarm clock 闹钟 electric clock 电钟 umbrella 雨伞
parasol, sun umbrella 阳伞 knapsack 背包handbag 女手提包 briefcase, portfolio 公事包 travelling bag 旅行包 suitcase 手提箱 trunk 大衣箱 magnifying glass 放大镜 binoculares 望远镜 hot-water bottle 热水袋smoking set 烟具 lighter 打火机 jewelry, jewels 首饰, 珠宝jewel case 首饰盒 antique, curio 古玩 ornaments 装饰品 ring, finger ring 戒指 signet ring 印章戒指 necklace 项链 brooch 胸针 pendant 坠子 bracelet 镯子
chain bracelet 手链ear ring 耳环 trinket 小饰物safety-pin 别针 cuff-link 袖扣diamond - 223 -
钻石 gold jeweleries 金饰 silver jeweleries 银饰 pearl 珍珠
imitation 仿制品genuine 真的 fake 假的 baby's cot, crib 婴儿床 cradle 摇篮 diaper, napkin 尿布 feeding bottle, feeder 奶瓶 teat, nipple 橡皮奶嘴
dummy, comforter 假奶嘴 perambulator 儿童车
go-cart, walker, babywalker 儿童学步车 rocking-horse 摇马 scooter 踏板车child's tricycle 儿童三轮车 razor 剃刀 safety razor 保险剃须刀
electric razor 电剃刀 razor blade 刀片 shaving brush 剃须刷
shaving cream 剃须膏 comb 梳子 hair-brush 发刷hair-net 发网 hair pin 发夹 hair oil, brilliantine 发油 hair lotion 生发水 pomade 发膏 hair drier 吹风机 hair-curler 卷发夹 electric clippers, electric shears 电推子 nail scissors 指甲剪 nail clipper 指甲夹 nail file 指甲锉 nail varnish, nail polish 指甲油
二).服装类:
clothes 衣服,服装 wardrobe 服装 clothing 服装
habit 个人依习惯.身份而着的服装
ready-made clothes, ready-to-wear clothes 成衣 garments 外衣
town clothes 外衣 double-breasted suit 双排扣外衣 suit 男外衣
dress 女服 tailored suit 女式西服 everyday clothes 便服
three-piece suit 三件套 trousseau 嫁妆 layette 婴儿的全套服装
uniform 制服 overalls 工装裤 rompers 连背心的背带裤formal dress 礼服 tailcoat, morning coat 大礼服 evening dress
夜礼服 dress coat, tails 燕尾服,礼服nightshirt 男式晚礼服
dinner jacket 无尾礼服 (美作:tuxedo) full dress uniform 礼服制服
frock coat 双排扣长礼服 gown, robe 礼袍 tunic 长袍 overcoat 男式大衣
coat 女大衣 topcoat 夹大衣 fur coat 皮大衣three-quarter coat 中长大衣
dust coat 风衣 mantle, cloak 斗篷 poncho 篷却(南美人的一种斗篷)
sheepskin jacket 羊皮夹克 pelisse 皮上衣 jacket 短外衣夹克
anorak, duffle coat 带兜帽的夹克,带风帽的粗呢大衣 hood 风帽
scarf, muffler 围巾 shawl 大披巾 knitted shawl 头巾,编织的头巾
fur stole 毛皮长围巾 muff 皮手筒 housecoat, dressing gown 晨衣 (美作:duster) short dressing gown 短晨衣 bathrobe 浴衣 nightgown, nightdress 女睡衣 pyjamas 睡衣裤 - 224 -
(美作:pajamas) pocket 衣袋 lapel (上衣)翻领
detachable collar 假领,活领 wing collar 硬翻领,上浆翻领
V-neck V型领 sleeve 袖子 cuff 袖口 buttonhole 钮扣孔 shirt 衬衫
blouse 紧身女衫 T-shirt 短袖圆领衫,体恤衫 vest 汗衫 (美作:undershirt)
polo shirt 球衣 middy blouse 水手衫 sweater 运动衫
short-sleeved sweater 短袖运动衫 roll-neck sweater 高翻领运动衫
round-neck sweater 圆领运动衫 suit, outfit, ensemble 套服
twinset 两件套,运动衫裤 jerkin 猎装 kimono 和服
ulster 一种长而宽松的外套 jellaba, djellaba, jelab 带风帽的外衣
cardigan 开襟毛衣 mac, mackintosh, raincoat 橡胶雨衣 trousers 裤子
jeans 牛仔裤 short trousers 短裤knickers 儿童灯笼短裤 knickerbockers 灯笼裤 plus fours 高尔夫球裤,半长裤 braces 裤子背带 (美作:suspenders)
turnup 裤角折边,挽脚 breeches 马裤 belt 裤带 skirt 裙子
divided skirt, split skirt 裙裤 underskirt 内衣 underwear, underclothes 内衣裤 underpants, pants 内衣裤 (美作:shorts) briefs 短内裤,三角裤 panties 女短内裤 knickers 女半短内裤,男用灯笼短裤 brassiere, bra 乳罩 corselet 紧身胸衣
stays, corset 束腰,胸衣 waistcoat 背心 slip, petticoat 衬裙 girdle 腰带 stockings 长袜 suspenders 袜带 (美作:garters)
suspender belt 吊袜腰带 (美作:garter belt) socks 短袜 tights, leotard 紧身衣裤 handkerchief 手帕 bathing trunks 游泳裤
bathing costume, swimsuit, bathing suit 游泳衣
bikini 比基尼泳衣 apron 围裙 pinafore (带护胸)围裙 shoe 鞋 sole 鞋底
heel 鞋后跟 lace 鞋带 moccasin 鹿皮鞋 patent leather shoes 黑漆皮鞋
boot 靴子 slippers 便鞋 sandal 凉鞋 canvas shoes, rope soled shoes 帆布鞋 clog 木拖鞋 galosh, overshoe 套鞋 glove 手套 tie 领带 (美作:necktie)
bow tie 蝶形领带 cravat 领巾 cap 便帽 hat 带沿的帽子
bowler hat 圆顶硬礼帽 top hat 高顶丝质礼帽 Panama hat 巴拿马草帽
beret 贝蕾帽 peaked cap, cap with a visor 尖顶帽
broad-brimmed straw hat 宽边草帽 headdress 头饰 turban 头巾
natural fabric 天然纤维 cotton 棉silk 丝 wool 毛料
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linen 麻 synthetic fabric 混合纤维 acryl 压克力 polyester 伸缩尼龙 nylon 尼龙 worsted 呢料 cashmere 羊毛 patterns 花样 tartan plaid 格子花 (美作:tartan) dot 圆点花 stripe 条纹 flower pattern 花纹花样 veil 面纱
十九.乐 器 大 全
一)、Woodwinds: 木管乐器
1.Piccolo 短笛 2.Flute 长笛 3.Soprano Recorder 高音竖笛 4.Oboe 双簧管
5.English Horn 英国管 6.Bassoon 大管 7.Contrabassoon 低音巴松
8.Clarinet in Eb 降E调单簧管(小黑管) 9.Clarinet in A A调单簧管
10.Clarinet in Bb 降B调单簧管 11.Bass Clarinet 低音单簧管
12.Soprano Saxophone 高音萨克斯 13.ALto Saxophone 中音萨克斯
14.Tenor Saxophone 次中音萨克斯 15.Baritone Saxophone 上低音萨克斯
16.Alto Flute 中音长笛 17.Bass Flute 低音长笛 18.Oboe d' Amore 双簧管的一种
19.Piccolo Clarinet 高音单簧管
20.Alto Clarinet 中音单簧管(Eb调的，属于低音单簧管）
21.Contrabass Clarinet 倍低音单簧管 22.Descant Recorder 高音竖笛
23.Alto Recorder 中音竖笛 24.Tenor Recorder 次中音竖笛
25.Bass Recorder 低音竖笛
26.Bagpipes 风笛 27.Basset Horn 巴赛管（单簧管） 28.Panpipes 排萧
二)、Brass: 铜管乐器
1.Cornet 短号 2.Trumpet in Bb 降B调小号 3.Trumpet in C C调小号
4.Flugelhorn 夫吕号（行进乐队常用） 5.Horn in F F调圆号 6.Trombone 长号
7.Tenor Trombone 次中音长号 8.Bass Tromone 低音长号
9.Baritone(T.C.) 次中音号 10.Baritone 次中音 11.Euphonium 小低音号
12.Tuba 大号 13.Bass Tuba 低音大号 14.Piccolo Cornet 高音短号
15.Piccolo Trumpet in A A调高音小号
16.Bass Trumpet in C C调低音小号 17.Alto Trombone 中音长号
18.Contrabass Trombone 倍低音长号
三)、Pitched Percussion： 有音高打击乐器
1.Timpani 定音鼓 2.Bells 排钟 3.Glockenspiel 钢片琴 4.Crystal Glasses - 226 -
5.Xylophone 木琴 6.Vibraphone 颤音琴 7.Marimba 马林巴琴
8.Bass Marimba 低音马林巴琴 9.Tubular Bells 管钟 10.Chimes 钟琴
11.Steel Drums 钢鼓 12.Mallets 三角木琴
四)、Percussion: 小打击乐器
1.Percussion 小打击乐器组 2.Wind Chimes 3.Bell Tree 音树 4.Triangle 三角铁
5.Crotales 响板 6.Finger Cymbals 手指小镲 7.Sleigh Bells 马铃
8.Cymbals 大镲 9.Cowbell 牛铃
10.Agogo Bells （由两个锥型铁筒组成，比牛玲音高）
11.Flexatone 12.Musical Saw 乐锯 13.Brake Drum 闸鼓 14.Tam Tam 大锣
15.Gong 锣 16.Claves 响棒 17.Slapstick 击板 18.VibraSlap
19.Sand Block 沙轮 20.Ratchet 齿轮剐响器 21.Guiro （木制，用铁棍剐） 22.Cuica （发出的声音象狗叫的拉丁乐器） 23.Maracas 沙槌 24.Castanets 响板 25.Wood Blocks 盒棒
26.Temple Blocks 木鱼 27.Log Drum 木鼓 28.Tambourine 铃鼓 29.Whistle 哨 30.Siren 汽笛 31.Jawbone 32.Anvil 乐钻
五)、Drums: 鼓
1.Drum Set 架子鼓 2.Bongo Drums 邦加鼓（用手指敲的小鼓，夹在两腿间）
3.Timbales 蒂姆巴尔鼓 4.Conga Drums 康加鼓（橄榄型） 5.Snare Drum 小军鼓
6.Quad Toms 4组鼓筒鼓 7.Quint Toms 五组筒鼓 8.Tenor Drum 次高音鼓
9.Tom Toms 筒鼓 10.Roto Toms 轮鼓 11.Bass Drum 低音鼓
六)、Plucked Strings: 弹拨乐
1.Harp 竖琴 2.Guitar 吉他 3.Scoustic Guitar 4.electric Guitar 电吉他
5.Banjo 班卓 6.Bass 贝司 7.Acoustic Bass 非电贝斯 8.Electric Bass 电贝司
9.String Bass 弦贝司 10.Mandolin 曼陀林 11.Lute 琉特琴
12.Ukulele 夏威夷四弦琴 13.Zither 齐特尔琴 14.Sitar 锡塔尔琴
七)、Keybords: 键盘
1.Piano 钢琴 2.Organ 管风琴 3.Harpsichord 大键琴 4.Celesta 钢片琴
5.Accordion 手风琴 6.Clavichord 古钢琴 7.Harmonium 脚踏式风琴
8.Synthesizer 电子合成器
八)、Strings: 弦乐
1.Violin 小提琴 2.Violin Ⅰ 小提琴1 3.Violin Ⅱ 小提琴2 4.Viola 中提琴 - 227 -
5.Cello 大提琴 6.Violoncello 低音提琴 7.Contrabass 低音提琴
8.Double Bass 倍低音提琴 9.Solo Violin 独奏小提琴 10.Solo VIola 独奏中提琴
11.Solo Cello 独奏大提琴 12.Solo Bass 独奏低音提琴 13.Viola d' Amore
九)、Handbells: 手铃
1.Handbells 手铃 2.Handbells(T.C) 手铃（中音）
十九.职业名称
accountant---会计 bank teller--银行出纳员 bank manager--银行经理
monk--和尚 nun--修女 priest--牧师 actor--演员 actress -- 女演员
dancer--舞蹈演员 director-- 导演 disc jockey (D.J.)--电台的音乐节目主持人
master of ceremonies (M.C.)-- 节目主持人,司仪 model-- 模特儿
producer-- 电影制片人 singer--歌手 stage hand--置景工 dentist--牙医
doctor--医生 nurse--护士 pediatrician--儿科医师 physician--内科医师
physician\'s assistant (P.A.)--内科医师助理 psychiatrist--精神病医师
psychologist--心理学者 surgeon--外科医生 veterinarian--兽医
baggage handler--行李管理者 copilot--副驾驶员 customs officer--海关官员
flight attendant--飞机上的服务员 navigator-- 航海家 pilot-- 飞行员
ticket taker-- 收票员 travel agent-- 旅行社 architect--建筑师
civil engineer--土木工程师 firefighter--消防人员 police officer--警官
politician--政客 postal worker--邮政工人 sanitation engineer--(美委婉语)垃圾清洁工 baker--面包师 bartender--酒吧招待，酒吧侍者 bus boy--餐厅侍者助手 butcher-- 屠宰商
[美]小贩 chef --大厨 cook--厨师 dishwasher--洗碗机
host / hostess-- 主人 酒店业主经营酒馆或旅馆的人
restaurateur--餐馆老板, 饭店主人
sous-chef--助理厨师 waiter/waitress--服务员 wine steward-- businessman--商人 consultant--顾问 data entry operator--资料登录员 executive assistant--行政助理 file clerk--档案管理者 office manager--业务经理 office worker--上班一族
receptionist--接待员 secretary--秘书 supervisor--主管
shorthand typist--速记打字员 attorney--律师 bailiff--执行官
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court clerk--法庭办事员 judge--法官 jury foreman--陪审团主席 lawyer--律师 translator--翻译者 builder--建筑工人 carpenter---木匠 electrician--电工 laborer--壮工 maintenance engineer--维修工程师 mechanic--机械工
painter--油漆匠 plumber--水管工人 tailor--裁缝师 bus driver--公交司机
cab driver--机车司机 chauffeur--私人司机 courier-- 旅行团的服务员 dispatcher--发报机 driver--司机 forklift operator--叉式升降机操作员
taxi driver--出租车司机 truck driver--卡车司机 admiral-- 海军将军
boatswain--水手长 captain--船长 fisherman--渔夫
petty officer--海军的士官,公务员 mariner--水手 sailor--水手 seaman--海员
babysitter-- 临时照顾幼儿者 caretaker--看管者 pediatrician--儿科医师
obstetrician---产科医师 instructor--教师 professor--教授 pupil--小学生
student--学生 teacher--老师 tutor--导师 barber--理发师 hairdresser--美容师 hairstylist--发型师 jeweler--宝石商 shoemaker--鞋店,皮鞋匠 watchmaker--钟表匠 butler--男管家 chauffeur--私人司机 gardener--园丁 housecleaner--打扫房屋者 maid--女仆 servant--仆人 astronaut--宇航员 chemist---药剂师engineer--工程师scientist--科学家 technician--技师 bookseller--书商 clerk--职员 employee--雇员 salesperson--售货员 shop assistant--店员 author --作者 chief editor--主编 journalist -- 记者 photographer--摄影师 photo journalist --摄影记者 writer--作家 farmer--农民 miner--矿工 shepherd--牧羊人 soldier--士兵
二十.初中英语反义词
above 在??上 below 在??下 after 在??后 before 在??前 all 全部 none 全无 alone 单独地 together 一起
always 总是 sometimes 有时 answer 回答 ask 询问
answer 答案 question 问题 back 背部 front 前面
bad 坏的 good 好的 badly 恶劣地 well 很好地
begin 开始 end, finish 结束 best 最好的 worst 最坏的
better 更好的 worse 更坏的 big 大的 small, little 小的
black 黑的 white 白的 borrow 借入 lend 借给
both 两者都 neither 两者都不 break 打破 mend, repair 修理 - 229 -
busy 忙碌的 free 空闲的 buy 买（入） sell 卖（出） certainly 当然地 perhaps, maybe 或许；大概
cheap 便宜的 expensive, dear 昂贵的
clean 干净的 dirty 肮脏的 clever 聪明的 foolish 愚蠢的 cloudy 天阴的 bright, clear, sunny 晴朗的 cold 寒冷的 hot 炎热的 come 来 go 去 cool 凉爽的 warm 温暖的 danger 危险 safety 安全 dark 黑暗的 bright, light 明亮的 day 白天 night 夜晚 dead 死的 alive, living 活的
death 死亡 life 生命 die 死去 live 活着
down 向下 up 向上 dry 干燥的 wet 潮湿的
early 早的 late 迟的 easy 容易的 difficult, hard 困难的；艰巨的 empty 倒空 fill 装满 empth 空的 full 满的
entrance 入口 exit 出口 fall 落下 rise 升起
far 远的 near 近的 fine 晴朗的 cloudy, rainy 天阴的；下雨的 finish 结束 begin, start 开始 first 最初的 last 最后的
foreign 外国的 home 本国的 forget 忘记 remember 记得
from 从?? to 到?? give 给予 take 拿走
glad 愉快的 sad, sorry 悲伤的；难过的 good 好的 bad, ill, poor 坏的；恶劣的 great 伟大的 little, small 渺小的 happy 高兴的 unhappy, sad 难过的 hard 艰难的 easy 容易的 hard 硬的 soft 软的
hate 憎恨 love, like 热爱；喜欢 here 在这里 there 在那里
high 高的 low 低的 hold 拿住 drop 掉落
holiday 假日 weekday 工作日；平时 ill 生病的 healthy, well 健康的 in 在里面 out 在外面 inside 在里面 outside 在外面
into 到??里面 out of 从??里向外 kill 杀死 save 救活
laugh 笑 cry 哭 leave 离开 arrive 到达
leave 离开 stay 逗留 light 明亮的 dark 黑暗的
light 轻的 heavy 重的 like 喜欢 hate 憎恨
like 与??一样 unlike 与??不一样 lose 丢失 find 找到
lose 失败；丢失 win 胜利；赢得 many 许多 few 很少
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miss 未抓住；未赶上 catch 抓住；赶上 miss 未击中 hit 击中
more 更多的 less, fewer 更少的 most 最多的 least, fewest 最少的 move 移动 stop 停止 much 许多 little 很少
never 从未 ever 曾经 next 下一个 last 上一个
nobody 无一人 everybody 每个人 nothing 什么也没有 everything 一切 now 现在 then 当时 old 旧的 new 新的
old 年老的 young 年轻的 on 连续；使用中 off 离开；中断 open 打开（的） close(d) 关闭（的） over 在??上 under 在??下
pain 痛苦 pleasure 快乐 pass 通过；及格 fail 未通过；不及格 poor 贫穷的 rich 富裕的 pull 拉 push 推
quiet 寂静的 noisy 嘈杂的 rainy 下雨的 dry 干旱的
right 右边（的） left 左边（的） right 正确的 wrong 错误的
sad 悲伤的 glad, happy 快乐的 safe 安全的 dangerous 危险的 same 相同的 different 不同的 short 短的 long 长的
short （个子）矮的 tall （个子）高的 sleep 睡觉 wake 醒来
slow(ly) 满的（地） quick(ly), fast 快的（地） small 小的 big, large, great 大的 start 开始 end, finish 结束；停止 start 出发 reach 到达
strong 强壮的 weak 虚弱的 take 拿走；夺取 bring 带来 take 拿取 give 给予 teach 教（课） learn 学习
these 这些 those 那些 thin 瘦的 fat 胖的
thin 薄的 thick 厚的 this 这个 that 那个
town 城镇 country 乡下 true 真实的 untrue 不真实的；假的 usual 通常的；平常的 unusual 不寻常的 whole 全体；全部 part 部分
wide 宽的 narrow 窄的 with 带有??的 without 不带??的 work 工作 play, rest 玩；休息 yes 是的 no 不是的
二十一.常见词形变化表
able—unable achieve----achievement
act—actor—actress—active adjust---- adjustable advantage—disadvantage agree—disagree - 231 -
alone—lonely America—American annoy—annoyed—annoying Asia—Asian
athlete—athletic Australia—Australian
balance—balanced beauty---beautiful
Brazil---Brazilian bright—brightly
build---building Canada—Canadian
casual—casually
change—exchange—chance
china—Chinese
clear---clearly
communicate—communication
courage—encourage
crowd---crowded
decide---decision
die---dead---death
disagree---disagreement
donate—donation
educate—education—educational
engine—engineer
Europe--- European
fail---failure
familiar—unfamiliar
fly—flight
foreign—foreigner
fortunate---fortunately
friend—friendship
fur—furry
golf—golfer
gym--- gymnast
health—healthy—unhealthy
center---central chemistry—chemist choose—choice collect—collection—collector confident---confidence create---creative danger—dangerous describe---description difference—different—differently disappoint—disappointed—disappointing easy—easily Egypt--- Egyptian enter---entrance excite—excited—exciting fair—unfair final—finally follow—following forget—forgetful France—French frustrate—frustrating—frustrated Germany—German Greece--- Greek head—headache honest—dishonest - 232 -
ill—illness important—importance—unimportant include—including India—Indian
interest—interested—interesting interview—interviewer
invite—invitation Italy—Italian
knowledge—knowledgeable lead—leader
live—alive loud—loudly—aloud
love—loving
mean—meaning—means
music—musical—musician
nation—national—international
north—northern
pain—painful
peace—peaceful
person—personal
piano—pianist
pleasant—unpleasant
polite—impolite—politely
popular—popularity
predict—prediction
professor—professional
pronounce—pronunciation
quick—quickly
require—requirement
safe—safety
science—scientific—scientist
silence—silent
slow—slowly
south—southern
special—specially
strong—strongly
luck—lucky—luckily—unlucky memorize—memory—memorable mystery—mysterious nature—natural organize—organization patient—patience perform—performer—performance physics—physician play—player please—pleased—pleasant pollute—pollution—polluted possible—possibly produce—product program—programmer push—pushy rain—rainy Russia-- - Russian scared(恐惧的)—scary(引起恐慌的) serious—seriously sleep—sleepy south—southern Spain—Spanish stomach—stomachache succeed-success-successful-successful-ly - 233 -
suggest—suggestion suit—suitable talent—talented tired—tiring
tooth—toothache tour--tourist—touristy tradition—traditional train—training translate—translator true—truth
usual—unusual—usually violin—violinist wait—waiter—waitress wake—awake west—western with—without
wonder—wonderful worry—worried—worrying
二十二.节日类：
阳历节日：
1月1日元旦（New Year's Day)
2月2日世界湿地日(World Wetlands Day)
2月14日情人节(Valentine's Day)
3月3日全国爱耳日
3月5日青年志愿者服务日
3月8日国际妇女节(International Women' Day)
3月9日保护母亲河日
3月12日中国植树节(China Arbor Day)
3月14日白色情人节(White Day)
3月14日国际警察日(International Policemen' Day)
3月15日世界消费者权益日(World Consumer Right Day） 3月21日世界森林日（World Forest Day)
3月21日世界睡眠日(World Sleep Day)
3月22日世界水日(World Water Day)
3月23日世界气象日(World Meteorological Day)
3月24日世界防治结核病日(World Tuberculosis Day) 4月1日愚人节(April Fools' Day)
4月5日清明节（Tomb-sweeping Day)
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4月7日世界卫生日(World Health Day）
4月22日世界地球日(World Earth Day)
4月26日世界知识产权日(World Intellectual Property Day)
5月1日国际劳动节(International Labour Day)
5月3日世界哮喘日(World Asthma Day)
5月4日中国青年节（Chinese Youth Day)
5月8日世界红十字日(World Red-Cross Day)
5月12日国际护士节(International Nurse Day)
5月15日国际家庭日(International Family Day)
5月17日世界电信日(World Telecommunications Day)
5月20日全国学生营养日
5月23日国际牛奶日(International Milk Day)
5月31日 世界无烟日(World No-Smoking Day)
6月1日 国际儿童节(International Children's Day)
6月5日世界环境日(International Environment Day)
6月6日全国爱眼日
6月17日世界防治荒漠化和干旱日(World Day to combat desertification) 6月23日国际奥林匹克日(International Olympic Day)
6月25日全国土地日
6月26日国际禁毒日
(International Day Against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking)
7月1日中国共 产 党诞生日
(Anniversary of the Founding of the Chinese Communist Party)
7月1日国际建筑日（International Architecture Day)
7月7日中国人民抗日战争纪念日
7月11日世界人口日(World Population Day)
8月1日中国人民解放军建军节(Army Day)
8月12日国际青年节(International Youth Day)
9月8日国际扫盲日(International Anti-illiteracy Day)
9月10日中国教师节(Teacher's Day)
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9月16日中国脑健康日
9月16日国际臭氧层保护日
(International Day for the Preservation of the Ozone Layer)
9月20日全国爱牙日
9月21日世界停火日(World Cease-fire Day)
9月27日世界旅游日(World Tourism Day)
10月1日中华人民共和国国庆节(National Day)
10月1日国际音乐日(International Music Day)
10月1日国际老年人日(International Day of Older Persons)
10月4日世界动物日(World Animal Day)
10月5日世界教师日(World Teachers' Day)（联合国教科文组织确立） 10月8日全国高血压日
10月9日世界邮政日(World Post Day)
10月10日世界精神卫生日(World Mental Health Day)
10月14日世界标准日(World Standards Day)
10月15日国际盲人节(International Day of the Blind)
10月15日世界农村妇女日(World Rural Women's Day)
10月16日世界粮食日(World Food Day)
10月17日国际消除贫困日(International Day for the Eradication of Poverty) 10月24日联合国日(United Nations Day)
10月24日世界发展新闻日(World Development Information Day) 10月28日中国男性健康日
10月29日国际生物多样性日(International Biodiversity Day)
10月31日万圣节(Halloween)
11月8日中国记者节
11月9日消防宣传日
11月14日世界糖尿病日(World Diabetes Day)
11月17日国际大学生节
11月25日国际消除对妇女的暴力日
(International Day For the elimination of Violence against Women) - 236 -
12月1日世界爱滋病日(World AIDS Day)
12月3日世界残疾人日(World Disabled Day）
12月4日全国法制宣传日
12月9日世界足球日（World Football Day)
12月25日圣诞节(Christmas Day)
12月29日国际生物多样性日(International Biological Diversity Day)
1月最后一个星期日国际麻风节
3月最后一个完整周的星期一中小学生安全教育日
春分月圆后的第一个星期日复活节(Easter Monday)
(有可能是3月22-4月25日间的任一天)
5月第二个星期日母亲节(Mother's Day)
5月第三个星期日全国助残日
6月第三个星期日父亲节(Father's Day)
9月第三个星期二国际和平日(International Peace Day)
9月第三个星期六全国国防教育日
9月第四个星期日国际聋人节(International Day of the Deaf)
10月的第一个星期一世界住房日(World Habitat Day)
10月的第二个星斯一加拿大感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)
10月第二个星期三国际减轻自然灾害日
(International Day for Natural Disaster Reduction)
10月第二个星期四世界爱眼日(World Sight Day)
11月最后一个星期四美国感恩节(Thanksgiving Day)
二十三.二十四个节气
The 24 Solar Terms:
立春Spring begins 雨水The rains 惊蛰Insects awaken 春分Vernal Equinox 清明Clear and bright 谷雨Grain rain 立夏Summer begins 小满Grain buds. 芒种Grain in ear 夏至Summer solstice 小暑Slight heat 大暑Great heat. 立秋Autumn begins 处暑Stopping the heat
白露White dews 秋分Autumn Equinox.
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寒露Cold dews 霜降Hoar-frost falls 立冬Winter begins 小雪Light snow. 大雪Heavy snow 冬至Winter Solstice 小寒Slight cold 大寒Great cold 农历节日
农历正月初一春节(the Spring Festival)
农历正月十五元宵节(Lantern Festival)
农历五月初五端午节(the Dragon-Boat Festival)
农历七月初七乞巧节(中国情人节）(Double-Seventh Day)
农历八月十五中秋节(the Mid-Autumn Festival)
农历九月初九重阳节(the Double Ninth Festival)
农历腊月初八腊八节(the laba Rice Porridge Festival)
农历腊月二十四传统扫房日
二十四.初中教材中出现的同音词和音近词小结
1. aren't (不是)---- aunt (姑;姨;婶)
2. blew (吹,blow的过去式)---- blue (蓝色的)
3. buy (买)---- by (被;由)--- bye (再见)
4. be (是)--- bee (蜜蜂)
5. father (父亲)---- farther (较远,far的比较级)
6. for (为??)--- four(四)
7. hear (听见)--- here (这里)
8. high (高)--- hi (喂)
9. eye (眼睛)--- I (我)
10. know (知道)--- no (不)
11. knew (知道, know的过去式) --- new (新的)
12. meat (肉)--- meet (遇见)
13. one (一) --- won (获胜,win的过去式)
14. our (我们的)--- hour (小时)
15. pear (梨)--- pair (一对;一双)
16. passed (经过,pass的过去式)--- past (过;经过)
17. read (读,read的过去式或过去分词)---- red (红色的)
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18. road (路)---- rode (骑,ride的过去式)
19. sea (海)---- see (看见)
20. son (儿子)--- sun (太阳)
21. their (他们的)--- there (那里)
22. to (到??)---- too (也;太)--- two (二)
23. threw (扔,throw的过去式)---- through (通过)
24. weak (弱的)---- week (星期)
25. weather (天气)--- whether (是否)
26. write (写)--- right (对的;右)
27. wear (穿;戴)--- where (在哪里)
28. wood (木头)--- would (将;会,will的过去式)
29. whole (整个的)--- hole (洞)
30. whose (谁的)--- who's (谁是)
31. May (五月)--- may (也许)
32. Miss (小姐)--- miss (错过)
33. Green (格林)--- green (绿色的)
34. China (中国)--- china (瓷器)
35. Brown (布朗)--- brown (棕色的)
36. White (怀特)--- white (白色的)
音近词
1. along (沿着)---- alone (单独地) 2. back (后面)--- bike (自行车)
3. cold (寒冷的)--- could (能) 4. fail (失败)--- fill (装满)
5. great (伟大的)--- grade (年级) 6. house (房子)--- horse (马)
7. lend (借出)--- land (土地) 8. left (左)--- lift (电梯)
9. light (轻的;灯)--- night (晚上) 10. lesson (课)---- listen (听)
11. month (月)---- mouth (嘴) 12. parent (父/母亲)--- present (礼物)
13. play (玩)--- plane (飞机) 14. pull (拖)--- full (满的)
15. race (赛跑)--- rice (大米) 16. sad (悲伤的)--- side (边)
17. sell (卖)---- shall (将要) 18. sheep (绵羊)--- ship (轮船)
19. shirt (衬衣)--- skirt (裙子) 20. short (矮的)--- shout (喊叫) - 239 -
21. sing (唱歌)---- thing (事情) 22. smell (闻)--- smile (微笑)
23. street (街道)--- straight (直的) 24. than (比)--- then (那时)
25. team (队)--- term (学期) 26. thick (厚的)--- think (想)
27. thirty (三十)---- thirsty (口渴的) 28. watch (手表)--- wash (洗)
29. what (什么)--- water (水) 30. word (单词)--- world (世界)
二十五.学科名称类
Chinese语文 English英语Japanese日语 mathematics数学 science理科
gymnastics体育 history历史 algebra代数 geometry几何 geography地理 biology生物 chemistry化学 biochemistry生物化学 physics物理 physical geography地球物理 literature文学 sociology社会学
linguistics语言学 psycology心理学 philosophy哲学 engineering工程学
mechanical engineering机械工程学 electronic engineering电子工程学
medicine医学 social science社会科学 agriculture农学 astronomy天文学 economics经济学 politics政治学 comercial science商学
biochemistry生物化学 anthropology人类学 languistics语言学 accounting会计学 law, jurisprdence法学 banking银行学 llurgy冶金学 finance财政学 mass-communication大众传播学
journalism新闻学 atomic energy原子能学 civil engineering土木工程
architecture建筑学 chemical, engineering化学工程 accounting and satisics会计统计 business administration工商管理 library图书馆学 diplomacy外交 foreign language外文 botany植物
major主修 minor辅修
二十六.建筑类词汇
rococo 洛可可式 building 建筑物 arch 拱 vault 穹顶
ogive 葱形饰;尖形拱顶 facade 侧面 frontispiece 三角墙,山墙
column 柱 pilaster 壁柱,半露柱 pediment 山墙饰,山花
fronton 山墙 ground plan 平面图 floor, storey 层
ground floor 第一层 (美作:first floor) flat 套 (美作:apartment)
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stair well 楼梯间 lift shaft 电梯,升降梯 (美作:elevator shaft)
fire escape 防火梯 staircase 楼梯 lift 电梯 (美作:elevator)
goods lift 公务电梯 (美作:freight elevator) central heating 暖气
ventilation shaft 通风井 air conditioning 空调 air-conditioned 带空调的 flooring (一块)地板 floorboard 地板(总称) parquet 木条地板
herringbone parquet 人字形木条地板 tile 瓷砖 terrazzo 磨石子地 wall 墙 main wall 承重墙 partition wall 隔断墙 plastering 抹灰 skirting board 壁脚板 to whitewash 粉刷 facade 建筑物正面
window 窗 basement 地下室 penthouse 遮檐,披屋 attic, garret 阁楼 kitchen 厨房 dining room 饭厅 living room 起居室 lounge 吸烟室,大厅 bathroom 浴室 toilet 卫生间 chimney 烟囱 fireplace壁炉 gutter 排水沟 drainpipe 雨水管,落水管 ceiling 天花板
flat roof, roof garden 屋顶平台,屋顶花园 roof 屋瓦顶 tile, roof tile 瓦 house房子 skyscraper摩天大楼 block of flats公寓楼/apartment block scaffold脚手架 scaffolding脚手架 monument纪念碑 palace宫殿 temple庙宇 basilica皇宫，教堂 cathedral大教堂 churc教堂
ten-storey office十层办公大楼 column柱 colonnade柱列 town planning市政（美作：city planning）
building permission营建许可证，建筑开工许可证
greenbel 绿地 elevation 建筑物的三面图
to build, to construct建设，建筑，修建
architecture建筑学 building修筑，建筑物 plan设计图
scale比例尺 to prefabricate预制 excavatio挖土，掘土
二十七.家具类单词
Adjustable bed 可调床 Air bed 气床
Anti-slip strip for stairs （儿童床）防滑楼梯打击扶手
Antique furniture 古式家具 Antique reproduction furniture 仿古家具
Armchair 扶手椅 Baby crib 婴儿床 Backless wall-unit 不设背板的壁橱 Bamboo furniture 竹家具 Banqueting chair 宴会椅 Barstool 吧椅 - 241 -
Bathroom accessories 浴室配套装置 Bathroom combination 浴室组合柜 Bathroom consoles 浴室多用架 Bathroom furniture 浴室家具
Bathroom vanity 浴室盥洗台 Batten door 板条门 Bed base床架，床套 Bed base set 成套床架 Bedroom suite 卧室系列家具 Bedstead 床架 Bentwood furniture 曲木家具 Beside table 床头柜 Birch door 桦木门 Board-room and conference table 会议桌 Bookcase 书柜 Bookshelf 书架 Built-in kitchen 配套厨房家具 Bunk 双层床 Bunk bed 双层床 Cabin bed 儿童多功能床 Cabin furniture for ships 船用家具
Canopy bed 带天篷的床，四柱床 CD-video storage cabinet边 音响组合柜 Chair with castors 脚轮椅 Changing table 可调桌 Chest of drawers 多屉橱柜 Child cot 童床 Children’s bed 儿童床
Children’s bedroom suite 儿童卧房系列家具 Children’s chair 儿童椅 CKD(complete knock down) 整体拆装式家具 Clothes rail 挂衣杆
Cocktail cabinet 吧柜，酒柜 Cocktail table 鸡尾酒桌
Coffee table 茶几，咖啡桌 Combine-unit 组合柜
Composite furniture 复合家具 Console 小桌
Console table （装在墙上的）蜗形腿台桌 Contract furniture 订做家具，承建家具 Contract programmes 订做家具 Corner sofa suite 拐角扶杆 Couch 长沙发椅 Cupboard 橱柜 Cupboard wall unit for flat 套房衣柜 Curtain 窗帘，挂帘 Customized furniture 订做家具 Decorative lighting 装饰灯具
Dining room furniture 餐厅家具 Dining room set 起居室配套家具
Dining table 餐桌 Divan 长沙发，沙发床
Dividing wall and fitted wall unit 隔墙板及系列 DIY furniture 自装式家具 Double-bed 双人床 Double function sofa-bed 双人沙发床
Double sided mirror 双面镜 Draughtsman chair 吧椅 Drawer 抽屉 Dressing table 梳妆台 Easy chair 轻便椅 End table 茶几
Entrance hall furniture 门厅家具 Exterior door户外门 Filing cabinet 文件柜 Fireplace壁炉 Fitment 固定家具 Fitting 家居用品 Flap 翻门 Flower stand 花架 Flush door 平面门，全板门 Folding chair 折叠椅 Folding furniture 折叠家具 Folk furniture 民间家具 Foot-stool 踏脚凳 - 242 -
Framed mirror 带框镜子 French-type furniture 模式家具
French cabinet 法式桌椅弯脚 French door 玻璃门 Function sofa多功能沙发椅 Furniture for bedrooms 卧室家具 Furniture for public premises 公共场所家具 Game table 玩具桌 Gate-leg table折叠桌 Glass cabinet 玻璃陈设柜 Glass case玻璃陈设柜 Glass unit and container 玻璃容器制品
Glazed door 玻璃门 Hall furniture 厅房家具 Hat and coat stand 衣帽架 Headboard 床头 Heirloom quality furniture 祖传家具
High bed 儿童高脚床（不带屉柜） High chair 高脚椅
Highback executive chair 高背办公椅 Home furniture 家庭家具，民用家具 Home office furniture 家庭办公家具 Hotel furniture 酒店家具
Household furniture 家庭家具 Hutch碗架
Institutional furniture 风俗家具，公用家具 Junior desk chair 学生书桌椅 Kitchen block /kitchen rock 厨房地砖 Kitchen cabinet 餐具柜
Kitchen chair, stool and bench 厨房椅、圆凳及条椅
Kitchen fitment 厨房固定家具 Kitchen table 厨房餐桌
Kitchen unit 厨房成套家具 Lamp table 灯桌
Lath grid 板条格 Ledged door 直板门 Link chair 写字板椅
Living room furniture 起居室家具 Locker 衣帽柜 Lounge furniture 客厅家具 Louvered door 百叶窗柜门 Lowback executive chair 低背办公椅
Lowback guest chair 低背来宾椅 Lowback visitor chair 低背接待椅
Managerial mediumback chair 中背经理椅 Margined flush door 镶边平板门 Mattress 床垫，席梦思 Mediumback executive chair 中背办公椅
Metal furniture金属家具 Mirror door 玻璃门
Mirror for chest of drawers 多屉柜梳妆镜 Multi-purpose sofa 多用沙发
Multi-purpose table 多用桌 Nest 茶几 Occasional furniture 配套家具，休闲家具 Occasional table 休闲桌 Office furniture 办公家具 Office seating 办公座椅 Office table 办公桌 Partition wall 隔断 Pembroke table 折面桌
Planters chair 园艺工用椅 Plastic furniture 塑料家具 Play furniture 娱乐家具
Presidential highback chair 高背办公椅 Pull-out table 伸缩餐具 Rattan furniture 藤家具 Recliner 躺椅 Refectory table长餐桌 Rocking chair 摇摆椅 Rotary chair 转椅 - 243 -
Rustic style furniture 乡村风格家具 School table 课桌 Screen 屏风 Seat痤椅 Seating element 痤垫 Secretarial chair 秘书椅 3-section mirror 三面梳妆镜 semi-CKD 半拆装家具 serving table送餐桌
furniture（家具的总称，不可数）
chair椅子 table桌子 desk桌子 bench凳子 bed床 sofa沙发 cupboard橱柜、碗柜 cabinet壁柜 wardrobe衣柜 bookcase书橱
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1.congratulations!恭喜！2.letmecongratulateyouonyoursuccess.恭喜你成功了。3…
小学教师师德英语演讲稿侯玉洁Thepeopleasateacher,Ioftenaskmyselfthequestion:doag…
Goodmorningladiesandgentleman.MynameisMiller.I’dliketotalktoyouto…
合：Goodafternooneveryone！一I’m.I’maboy.Nicetoseeyouhere.二Hello!I’m.…
清晨励志英语演讲稿Asyouslowlyopenyoureyes,lookaround,notice(注意）wherethelig…
大学英语演讲稿选择的重要性OverthepastSpringFestivalIgotinvolvedinafamilydisput…
五年级英语演讲稿范文thelionandthemousealionwasawakenedfromsleepbyamouserunn…
ChineseTeaCultureLadiesandGentlemenItsmyhonortostandhereandmakeaspeechMytop…
英语演讲稿格式从大的方面看英语演讲词实际上是属于一种特殊的说明文或议论文其基本组成部分是1开始时对听众的称呼语最常用的是ladie…
各位女士们先生们同志们朋友们大家好一元复始万象更新在这新春佳节即将到来之际我们在这里欢聚一堂共叙友情喜庆佳节首先我谨代表向全体并通…
1根据听众对象注意演讲的总体措词演讲的总体措词是严肃一些还是活泼一些是有较明显的说教口气还是用平等的口吻等等都要根据听众对象而定如…