英文版---喜福会影评

Analysis of the causes of the conflict between mother and daughter from the Cultural Perspective In "the Joy Luck Club"

电影《喜福会》向我们讲述了中国母亲与美国女儿人之间沟通障碍以及她们在东方信仰与西方价值观及传统文化与现代文明之间的争执。母亲与女儿的交流障碍不仅仅反映出两代人之间的隔阂,更反映出一种文化差异。母亲代表的逐渐消失的传统文化,女儿代表的则是日益壮大的新型文化;母亲们坚守着特殊的国家文化,她们想要传授一些中国文化给女儿们,但却以女儿们没有满足她们的期望而失落不已。然而,女儿们在妈妈们的期望与美国的现实中打转,最终接受了主流文化,并且嘲笑和丢弃了以她们妈妈为代表的非主流文化,在这一系列冲突的过程中,她们不断地寻求自我和社会地位,并且努力去继承她们的文化价值。母亲们努力去调解她们“中国式的过去”和“美国当代”,而女儿们也试着寻找着自主与忠于文化遗产之间的平衡点。

The movie "the Joy Luck Club" tells us communication obstacles between Chinese mother and American daughter and their belief in eastern and Western values and the dispute of traditional culture and modern civilization. Communication barriers between the mother and the daughter reflects not only the gap between two generations, but also reflects a cultural difference. The mother on behalf of the gradual disappearance of the traditional culture, the daughter is the representative of the new

culture growing; mothers hold special national culture, they want to teach

some Chinese culture to the girls, but because the girls do not meet their expectations and disappointed. However, the daughters between the mothers about expectations and American reality, finally accepted the mainstream culture, and ridiculed and

rejected the non mainstream culture to their mother as the representative. In this series of conflicts, they continue to seek self and social status, and work hard

to inherit their cultural value. Mothers try to mediate their "the past of China type

" and "America contemporary", while the daughters try looking for autonomy and loyal to the balance between cultural heritage.

2.1个人主义与集体主义对比

2.1 the contrast of individualism and collectivism

个人、集体主义是衡量文化变化的重要标尺,为人与人交流之间的文化异同提供了一个强有力的解说性框架。中国传统的意识形态和美国当代文化共存影响是同样强烈的,不论什么时候,母亲向女儿提出期望或者管教她们的时候,总是不情愿的师徒唱反调或反抗。“美国制造”的女儿,非常重视个人自由,换句话说,个人主义。这意味着她们有能力在不受其他干涉,包括母亲,来掌握自己的命运。每个人首选应该被看作一个个体,其次才是集体中的一员。对于她们来说,追求个人自由的权益是合法的,不能被任何人剥夺。在中国文化里,一个人不是属于自己而是属于家庭和社会,孝道最为重视。她们的父母是权威的,孩子必须在各

方面服从他们。但是在美国的文化里面,孩子是应该独立的,并且孤立挑战权威和传统。美国出生的女儿们在个人主义原则下接受教育 ,因此容易与她们深受中华文化影响的母亲发生冲突。

Individualism and collectivism is the important measure of cultural

change, providing a powerful interpretive framework for cultural similarities and differences between the person and the person .The influence of

coexistence of China traditional ideology and America contemporary cultural is equally strong. Anytime, mothers put forward expectations to daughters or discipline them, however, daughters are always reluctant opposition or resistance . "American manufacturing" daughter, attach great importance to personal freedom, in other words, individualism. This means that they have the ability without other interference, including the mother, to master their own destiny. Each person first choice should be seen as an individual, the next is a member of the collective. For them, the rights of the pursuit of individual freedom is legitimate, which cannot be deprived by any

people. In Chinese culture, a person is not his own but belongs to the family and society, filial piety is the most important. Their parents are authoritative, children must obey them in all respects. But in

the USA culture, children should be independent, and isolated to challenge authority and tradition. American born daughters educated in individualism principle, so are conflicted easily with their mothers by the influence of Chinese culture.

在中国的家庭里,关系近的血亲是相互依靠并且感情皈依。根据孔子的观点,中国人属于他们的群落,个人利益从属于集体利益。因此,家庭成员的支持对个人很重要,无论是父母还是孩子,可以把文化称作“我们的”的文化而不是“我的”文化。在《喜福会》里,母亲从中国传统的,从侧重集体主义社会移民到注重个人主义的社会,他们的角色转变了,以前代表权威,现在移民到这个全新的社会,她们变得对自己不确定起来。女儿不再和以前一样,她们不能和在中国一样用同样的方式--权威来教育她们的女儿。

In Chinese family, close relatives are mutually dependent . According to the Confucius view, Chinese belong to their community, personal

interests belong to the interests of the collective. Therefore, family support is essential for individual, whether parents or children, can take the culture as "our culture” rather than "my culture “. In "the Joy Luck Club", the mother from the Chinese tradition, migrate from a social focus on collective to the individualistic society, and their roles are changed, previously represents authority, but now immigrants to the new society, they become unsure of themselves. their daughters are no longer the same as before, they

cannot use the same way in China -- the authority to educate their daughters.

2.2隐私与和谐的对比

The comparison of privacy and harmony

在美国,人们学习的是如何表达他们自己的愿望时做出选择,他们独立并敢为自己的行为负责。尊重不仅仅被看作是一种非常积极的状态,也应该被当作全人类渴求和满意的要求,但是在中国,隐私这个词代表的是很消极的意义,暗含着孤独与脱离集体.

In USA, what people learn is to choose how to express the aspirations of their own, they are responsible for their own behavior independent and

bravely . Respects not only are regarded as a very positive state, should also be treated as human desire and satisfied requirements. But in China, the word “privacy” is representative of the very negative meaning, which implies the loneliness and unsocial.

比如说,一个人如果不能有足够的自控能力,就会简单的谋求他或她自己的利益而忽视甚至伤害其他人的利益。所以太注重个人利益时,也会危及社会和谐的关系,在以集体主义为导向的文化里,为了获得必要的支持,和谐相处被高度重视。每个人当被认为是在家庭中或社会里占有一席之地,就是这个位置暗示了这个人应该如何对待别人来与人和谐相处,所以每个人都关注自己的位置与角色,一边相应行动。在某种程度上,中国认为别人着想来获得和谐的人际关系是一种可贵渴求的品质。为了避免冲突,人们将自己的意愿从属于别人来表现尊重和爱,尤其在中国传统文化里,妻子服从丈夫,个人意愿很好的服从家里男性首脑的意志。中国人埋下身价为了共同利益,帮助组织里或者其他成员是非常必要的。中国人习惯遇到困难时依靠集体的力量来解决,换句话说,集体主义以僵硬的框架为特征,与群内合作与群外合作不同,人们指望他们的群内关系来照顾他们,作为交换,他们相信他们对群体有着绝对的忠诚。

For example, if a person does not have the ability of enough

self-control, he or she will simply seek his or her own interests while

ignoring or even damaging other people's interests. So paying too much

attention to personal interests also endanger the social harmony. In the culture of collectivism oriented , in order to get the necessary support, harmony is highly valued. Each person occupies a space when considered in the family or society, the place implies that the people should be how to

treat others to live in harmony with others, so everyone is concerned about the position and roles of their own. To some extent, Chinese think others want to get a harmonious interpersonal relationship is a kind valuable quality . In order to avoid conflict, people put their wishes to others to show respect and love, especially in the Chinese traditional culture, wife must obey her

husband. Chinese buried worth for the common interest, helping the

organization or other member is very necessary. Chinese encountered

difficulties and relyed on the collective strength to solve, in other words, the collectivism is characterized by the rigid frame, in cooperation with the

internal group and the external group people expect their relation in group to take care of them, in exchange, they believe they have absolute loyalty to the group.

结尾:

从母女冲突中我们分析出导致母女冲突的主要原因是文化的专制。母女来自不同的文化,有着不同的价值观。母亲来自家长统治的社会,有着占统治地位文化。女儿重视个人主义,自由,平等和独立。两种文化的价值观是完全不同的,但是 ,如果她们承认这些不同,并且接受彼此的文化,而不是把自己的想法强加在彼此身上,那就不会有那么多的冲突了。不幸的是,每一方都把自己的文化当成是中心,母亲想要控制孩子,展现父母的权威,要求孩子服从自己,去做被要求的是;而女儿要求独立,自由,希望与妈妈平等。母女对待彼此的文化态度,导致严重的冲突,这些冲突折磨她们,到最后谁都无法再容忍了。打破沉默,开始需要和对方进行沟通了。很长时间的斗争之后,她们知道斗争的目的是要求更接近对方。当她们感受到这一点,文化中心开始解体,和谐的关系建立了。从冲突的原因,文化专制和母女间的专制的解体到和谐关系的建立我们得出一个结论:任何有文化专制的人都会在不同文化的沟通中引起冲突;所说的文化专制不存在,那只是人们的虚构和想象,多种文化可以共存,只有来自不同文化的人们理解尊重其他人的文化,好好交流,那才会有和谐的关系。

From the conflict between mother and daughter, we analyze the main causes of the conflict is the cultural despotism. Mother and daughter come from different cultures, and have different values. The mother from the patriarchal society, has

a dominant culture. The daughter emphasis on individualism, freedom, equality and independence. The two kind of cultural values are completely different, however, if

they admit that these are different, and accept each other's culture, rather than to impose its own views on each other body, it will not have so many conflicts. Unfortunately, each side has their own culture as the center, her mother tried to control the child

to show parental authority, asked the children to obey their own; and daughter required for independence, freedom and equality. Mother and daughter treat each other's cultural attitude, leading to serious conflict, and the conflict torture them, everyone are unable to tolerate. To break the silence, and each other need to start to communicate. After a long time struggle, they know the aim of struggle is more close to each other. When they felt this, cultural center began to disintegrate, harmonious relationship. From the causes of the conflict between mother and daughter, the disintegration of cultural despotism and tyranny to establish harmonious relations ,we draw a conclusion: any cultural tyranny would cause conflict in the communication of different

cultures; the cultural autocracy does not exist, it is just people's imagination and

fabrication, many cultures can coexist, only people from different cultures to understand and respect other people's culture communicate, which can create

harmonious relationship and enter the " joy and happiness"enventually.

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