高考英语 作文写作技巧

高考英语作文写作技巧

高考中作文部分占25-30分,在试卷中占了很重要的一部分,也是容易得分甚至失分的一部分。按着高考评分要求,一篇英语作文的词数为100左右,大约十个句子。其基本要求为,字迹清楚,内容涵盖全面,语句正确,连接流畅,这样就能取得及格以上的分数。如果能够恰当使用关联词使句与句、段与段连接紧密,做到通篇语言表达通畅;整篇文中句式有很好的变化,能够使用恰当的复合句式或较为复杂句式代替单一德尔简单句,并表达恰当使用得体,这样考生就可以获得优秀的分数。因此联系写好英语作文并不难。除了平时多积累语言知识,能够灵活记忆一些优美的语言句式,另外还要掌握英语作文的写作基本要求和技巧。

写作基本要求:

一.漂亮的书写和文句合理布局可以令阅卷老师心情舒畅,更能助你作文得分更高一档。书写要选用标准的黑色2B签字笔,字迹书写标准清晰,同时字迹书写还要轻重适当,切不可写的过轻,字迹在电脑上显示不清,让阅卷老师费神费眼。更不可字迹潦草,书写不规范,造成单词产生歧义。书写时出现错误,用笔在该词上划一直线,切不可乱涂乱改,造成试卷模糊一片,阅卷老师会看着心烦,那么考生的得分也会大打折扣。

二.在整篇作文的整体布局上也要讲求整体方正,占位均匀,空间用留合理。根据字数和篇章位置大小,书写的字迹要大小合适。整个书写空间既不能写的字迹过大,词间距过宽,使整篇看上去过满,过松过散。也不能书写的字迹过小,词间距过窄,使整篇看上去过于集中拥挤,而且出现大部分空白。总之,书写是作文的脸面,是留给阅卷老师的印象,一篇书写清晰、工整,字体漂亮,整篇布局方正均匀的文章首先就会给老师留下一个很好的印象,令你的作文提升一档。

三.正确的词句语法能够保证你的作文不被扣分。英语作文全篇共十个句子左右,每个句子大约十几个词。考生在写作中要尽量避免错词,错误语法,甚至汉语式英语。即使句子写的简单一点,能够表达要点,也不要出现严重语法错误,这样就能保证作文得到及格分。

四.保证要求的词数,切勿要点涵盖不全,要求词数不够,表达内容太少。根据高考作文的给分标准,即使整篇文章能够表达一些意思,没有什么错误,也拿不到及格分数。当然也要避免内容过繁,不和要点的句子过多,为了求复杂句式而不讲究上下意思的连贯性和恰当性,一味追求复杂也同样会费劲得不到高分的。

英语作文的写作技巧:

一.认真审题是写好作文的前提。近几年的高考英语作文大都为看图作文、表格信息作文或文字信息作文。体裁分为应用文、说明或议论文、记述文。应用文主要是书信形式的文体,包括介绍性的内容居多,多以给某某人写回信为主。同时也有申请函、邀请函、推荐信等。另外还有通知、海报甚至广告式应用文体。说明和议论文体大都以给出具体说明或议论的话题,甚至会给出说明的几个要点或正反几个方面,另外一种开放式作文就是看图说明图上所表现的内容,借此发表自己的看法和观点。记叙文大都是以日记或短文记叙形式写出所见所闻所做或所发生的事情,出现的形式有看图示或文字信息提示。不论出现的是哪一种体裁和题材,首先要认真审题,弄清文章的体裁和题材,然后再根据体裁和题材确定文章的格式、时态、人称等。如果审题不清,将这些弄错,那么整篇文章就算跑题,即使写的再好也得不到及格分数。因此考生不要吝惜在审题上所花的一点时间。

1.日记都为第一人称,时态为一般过去时态阐述一天发生的事件,但日记中的发表感想和阐述观点则使用一般现在时态。

2.信件多为第一人称,时态根据信中所要写的内容发生的时间而定。推荐或介绍性的信件为一般现在时态。信中表达自己的计划打算等用一般将来时态。

3.通知大都为一般将来时表示通知中要做或发生的事。人称第一二人称居多。

4.说明或议论文时态为一般现在时态说明自己或他人的观点看法。

5.看图记叙文常用第三人称记叙事件中涉及到的人,用第一人称指目击者,或题目中指明的所见所闻的人,时态常用一般过去时态叙述发生过的事。如果是看图介绍或说明文则用一般现在时态。

二.根据所给出的信息和要求确定文章要点。要点是一篇文章的关键,抓住要点文章才能写全面,才能保证不丢要点不扣分。确定要点时可以根据图示和所给的信息提示,将要点写在草稿纸上,为写提纲做准备。

三.根据要点写出提纲。提纲是文章的骨架,也是全部要点的体现,所以写提纲一定要根据确定的要点,将要点涵盖全面。列提纲时可根据要点那内容使用一些基本句式,但要保证句式正确。提纲的基本句式正确才能保证符合句式和复杂句式的合理转换。

四.将提纲的简单句变为复合句或复杂句式。根据提纲的简单句式结构特点确定转换成哪一种复合句式或复杂句式更为正确,几个提纲所变换的句式要求灵活有变化,同样的句式尽量使用不同的句型,避免单调重复,甚至前后就不搭配。经常使用的复合句式和复杂句式有:倒装句、定语从句、分词、名词性从句、强调句式或一些特殊结构的句式。

倒装句常使用的结构有:

1.never,neither,seldom,hardly等否定词前置,如:

Never have I seen so wonderful a film before.

Hardly can he recognize me.

2.there或介词短语表示处所前置,如:

There is hanging a clock on the wall.

On the wall is hanging a clock.

On top of the mountain stands a tower.

In the middle of the town is running a small river.

3.out, off, away 等副词前置,句子完全倒装,如:

Down fell an apple from the tree.

The door opened and in rushed the people.

4.so+adj/adv such+adj+n 前置倒装,如:

So busy am I these days that I have no time to go to a film.

5.only 引导状语(从句)前置倒装,如:

Only when we grow up will we be able to realize the importance of knowledge. Only by working hard can you succeed in the future.

6.一些特殊倒装式结构,如:Hardly had... done when...., No sooner had...done...than...

No sooner had we got home than the rain poured down.

7.not only...but also...

The student not only works hard, but he is also ready to help others. Not only does the student work hard, but he is also ready to help others. 定语从句常用语连接两个并列句,在作文中体现出句式的复杂和多变,如:

1.I am going to Beijing tomorrow. I will attend an important meeting. I am going to Beijing tomorrow, in which/ where I will attend an important meeting.

2.Li ping is a promising painter. Some of his paintings are often shown in Beijing Museum.

Li ping is a promising painter,some of whose paintings are often shown in

Beijing Museum.

分词常用来做状语,替代状语从句或定语从句,如:

1.English is an official language in the world. English is used in some

international meeting. English, used in some international meeting, is an official language.

2.Because I didn’t receive your e-mail, I sent another one to you. Not having receiving your e-mail, I sent another one to you.

3.The teacher entered his office. His students are still studiying in the

classroom.

The teacher entered his office with his students still studiying in the

classroom.

名词性从句常见结构是it 用作形式主语结构和what 从句,如:

To protect our envionment is very important. It is very important for us to protect our envionment. What is of great importance for us is to protect our environment.

强调句式在作文中也是常用的复杂句式结构,如:

Our teachers provide us with knowledge. It is our teachers who provide us with knowledge.

另外,除了使用恰当的复合高级句式以外,使用一些高级词汇或短语同样可以使作文增 分。例如:

meeting—conference chance—opportunity important—significant

finally—eventually

so—therefore in fact—as a mmatter of fact suddenlly—all of sudden

五.根据句式选择合适的关联词。恰当使用关联词可以使文章语意相通,语气连贯,语言表达流畅。因此文章避免豆腐帐式的罗列就必须使用恰当的关联词语。

1.使用时间状语从句的常见连词或副词

When,, before,after, since, unntil, as soon as, lately, recentely, from now on, from then on,

2.表示时间先后顺序的常见连词或副词

Firstly, secondly,thirdly, at last, eventually, finally, in the end, at first, in the beginning, above all , first of all, then, the next,

3.表示并列关系的连词或副词

and, at the same time, in the meanwhile, not only...but also, both...and..., either...or, neither...nor, not...but

4.表示递进关系的连词或副词

Besides, what’s more, in addition(to), as well (as), apart from, moreover, furthermore,

5.表示转折关系

But, yet, however, although,though, despite, in spite of, nevertheless,

6.表示对比关系

On one hand....on the other hand, the former...the latter, for one thing... for another, some... others..., on the contrary,

7.表示举例说明

For example, for instance, such as, take...for an example

8.表示比较关系

more...than..., as...as... , just like..., just as..., in the same way, similarly, equally,

as if, as though

9.表示陈述事实

in fact, in practice, as a matter of fact, in reality, actually, to tell you the truth,

generally speaking,in general, honestly speaking

10.表示总结概括

in a word,in short, in brief, in conclusion, in total, all in all, on the whole,

11.表示因果关系

because of, as a result of, on account of, by reason of, for since, therefore, otherwise,

so that

12.表示条件关系

If, even if, even though,on the condition, as long as, unless, or else

13.发表个人观点

In my opinion, as far as I am concerned, in the point of my view, personally

六. 根据提纲写出开头和结尾。

除了能够写好文章的主体内容,写好文章的开头和结尾更为重要。因此考生有必

要掌握一些常见文体的开头和结尾的常见句式和写法。高考中常见应用文体的开头和结尾经常会给出。但给出的大都是文体的固定格式句,或对文章内容的一个简单的开头提示句,更充实的内容需要考生写出。

1. 信件:常见开头句

I am writing to...

I am very glad to hear from you.

I received your letter, in which you said that...

结尾

All the best to you.

I am looking forward to...

自荐信

I am Li ping, aged 21. I graduated from....

I found in the newspaper that your company wanted a...

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