过渡,衔接和结构性词语总结

过渡,衔接和结构性词语总结

一、 举例论证:

1. for example/for instance后面直接论述你自己的例子。(当然,如果有更好的说法,“尽量避免在文章中使用for example, such as, take……for example,因为口语化”―――援引自leoyy发布在太傻上的文字。但是,根据Peter对ETS官方同主题范文的研究,实际上很多的6分的范文也在继续使用着for example,和such as)

例如: (ISSUE6-Benchmark5) outweighed, in the long run, by greater and more significant strengths. what wise or reasonable person would destroy a marriage solely because an otherwise faithful, kind, generous, intelligent and prosperous partner occasionally tosses socks on the floor?(ISSUE8-Benchmark6)-另外可以看到,表达his or her是可以被高分作文所接受的。 same house together. (ISSUE9-Benchmark6)

if the Forestville region's driving population is 1 million people, and the traffic accidents for a 6-month period before the speed increase totaled 100, then the 15% increase would amount to an additional 16 traffic accidents, or 116 total. have their teeth capped.(ISSUE10-Benchmark6) art.(ISSUE1-Benchmark6)

这样证明,for example, for instance和such as可以在AW里自由使用!(不论是ISSUE还是ARGUMENT) 这里说一点感想,就是大家总结自己的写作经验的时候,一定要自己再去官方的范文里去求证一下,不要光凭个人经验或者印象。

2. a variety of scientist/philosophy/cases illustrate this point/issue/phenomenon(well)

使用:对于核心词汇,illustrate的使用,特别是用在举例中,

它的意思是:to make clear by giving or by serving as an example or instance,可以看出,illustrate本身就必须和examples联系起来。

注意以下几个例句:

(1)A single example will serve to illustrate the point.

只举一个例子就可以把问题说清楚了。

(注意,serve to和illustrate结合使用)

(2)To illustrate my point I have done a comparative analysis.

为说明我的观点,我做了对比分析。

(3)Could you illustrate this question with some examples?

你能举些实例来说明这个问题吗?

(4) I think this can serve to illustrate New Democracy.

我想这可以比喻新民主主义。

3. sb./sth. /serves/can be used as/ a /typical/representative/ /example/illustration/.

4. a case in point is that……

5. as to the realm of ……(填入某一领域), the case of……(你所要举的例子)serves as a good example to illustrate.

6. While such examples are rear, the do occur occasionally, for example……(填入你的举例)

7. Paragons such as……, respectively, come immediately to my mind.

8. /History/The society/ /is replete with/abound in/brim over with/ examples of ……或者改写为There is abundant examples of…… in our life.

9. take a case of …… as an example

10. such as……

二、 引用:

(一) 引用的对象:

可以是名人名言,也可以是大众的话-用别人的嘴说出自己想说的话。

(二) 如何引用:

1. As sb. once said(and I paraphrase)

2. according to sb.,……(插入语,对这个sb.进行介绍), once said……(名言),which is to say……(自己的论证)

3. (先引用名言)接下来说:Although I’m not a /student/specialist/ of ……(某行业/专业), my understanding is that……(对名言的解释)

三、 引申论证:

四、 反证法:

五、 论证中的转折过渡:

1.……(正面说)however, as universally acknowledged, any good thing will become bad if going to its extreme,……(反面说)

2. …… serves as a two edged sword……

3./overextended/undue/ …… serves to be counterproductive or even harmful.

4.as a coin has two sides,……

5…… however, like anything /inchoate/incipient/……(说明弊端)此句用于说明新生事物的缺点

六、逻辑连接词:

(一)表示先后次序:

1. at this time

2. to begin with…… to sum up/in sum

3. previously

4. for one thing…… for another 用于说一个事物的两个方面

5. firstly……secondly……finally 其中finally也可以单独使用,表示最后一点的论述

6. simultaneously =at the same time

7. eventually=in the end=at last

8. last but not least

9. following this

10. proceeding this

(二)表因果关系:

1. being that:因为(写作中尽量少使用,因为是方言性质的词汇)

2. owing to=due to: because of, as a result of(是比较正规的表示“由于、因为”含义的词汇,建议多用due to因为出现的时间较晚,比较贴近现实)

3. for the reason that

4. in the view of=in regard to : in consideration of 考虑到,由于。

5. therefore

6. consequently=as a consequence=in consequence

7. hence : because of a preceding fact or premise=THEREFORE

8. accordingly=so=consequently

9. thereupon=whereupon=consequently

10. whereupon

11. because=because of

12. since

13. so

14. thus

(三)表转折关系:

1. yet=but

2. nevertheless=nonetheless: in spite of that=however(nonetheless出现的比nevertheless出现的晚)

3. however

4. despite that=in spite of

5. regardless of=in spite of(regardless of比in spite of 出现晚)

6. and yet

7. but yet(6,7类似于yet)

在议论文中常见的是在让步后加以转折,使文章显得更有条理,更有说服力,所以,下面顺带来说说表示让步的连接词:

1. naturally :(当然) according to the usual course of things : as might be expected 例句: We naturally dislike being hurt。

2. granted=granting that(假定……, 就算……)例句:Granted that you have some progress, you should not be conceited. 翻译:即使你有了一些进步,也不该骄傲。

3. of course

4. admittedly 例句: Admittedly, we took a chance. 翻译:必须承认,我们有投机心理。

5. provided=on conditions that

6. while it is true that……

(四)并列关系:

1. and

2. as well as

3. both……and……

4. either……or……

5. neither……nor……

6. again

7. also

(注意:借用表达同时含义的词也可以表达并列关系,如:at the same time, simultaneously)

(五)递进关系:

1. furthermore=besides : in addition to what precedes

2. moreover=besides=what is more

3. not……but……

4. in addition

5. additionally=furthermore

6. on one hand……on the other hand……(此词组也可以表示年个里并列、对比的含义)

7. not only……but also……

8. ……meanwhile……=meantime

9. likewise

10.further

(六)表类比关系:

之一:比较相同点:

1. in like manner

2. in comparison with

3. compared with

4. likewise=in like manner=similarly

5. in the same way

6. similarly

7. equally

8. just as

之二:比较不同点:

1. while

2. notwithstanding 例句:notwithstanding their inexperience, they were an immediate success

3. rather=instead 例句:It was no better but rather grew worse

4. rather than

5. on the contrary

6. whereas(而、却、反之) 例句:He is ill, whereas I am only a little tired.

7. in contrast=on the contrary

(七)表示强调:

1. in fact(其实,事实上)

2. especially(在后面直接跟上你要强调的内容)

3. particularly

4. in particular=specifically

5. moreover

6. in reality(实际上,事实上)

7. what is more important

8. indeed=in reality

9. not to mention(更不用说)

10. undoubtedly(毫无疑问的)

11. no doubt

12. without doubt

13. certainly

14. absolutely

(八)表示条件关系:

1. once…… :一旦 例句:If one once losses confidence, he can never expect to do his work well. 翻译:一旦失去信心,就别想做好工作。

2. unless…… :如果不,除非 例句:We shall not call the meeting unless absolutely possible. 翻译:除非绝对必要,我们将不召开会议。

3. if……(这个词我们太熟悉了,我就不举例子了)

4. lest……: for fear that 用法:often used after an expression denoting fear or apprehension 例句I was worried lest she should be late.

I hesitant to speak out lest he be fired.

5. provided (that)…… 例句:provided that circumstances permit 翻译:如果条件允许的话

6. if possible……(如果可能的话)

7. if so……(如果这样的话)

(九)表示总结:

1. to sum up

2. in sum

3. on the whole: 1) : in view of all the circumstances or conditions : all things considered 2) : in general : in most instances : TYPICALLY

4. in short: by way of summary=briefly

5. therefore

6. consequently

7. in brief

8. in conclusion

9. in summary

10. to conclude

11. in conclusion

12. at length : 1) : FULLY, COMPREHENSIVELY 2) : at last : FINALLY

13.to summarize

14. to put it in a nutshell

15. all in all

16. in all

 

第二篇:过渡语总结

说教材过渡句:

教材与教学目标之间:根据对教材地位与作用的分析,在新课程改革理念的指导下,特制定如下三维教学目标??

教学目标与重难点之间:通过以上对教材及教学目标的分析,本节课的教学重难点如下??

说学情过渡句:

现代教育理论强调:“任何教学活动都必须以满足学习者的需要为出发点和落脚点。”根据因材施教原则,在进行教学设计前进行学情分析很有必要??

奥苏伯尔认为:“影响学习的最重要的因素,就是学习者已经知道了什么,要探明这一点,并应据此进行教学。”因而在教学之始,必须关注学生的基本情况??

掌握学生的基本情况,对于把握和处理教材具有重要作用,接下来我来说一下学情?? 说教法过渡语:

基于以上对教学内容、学情的分析和新课改的要求,本课我主要采取如下的教法:??,从而达到培养能力,养成良好习惯的目的。

我依据“教学有法、但无定法、贵在得法”。同时,为了达到既定教学目标,突出重点,突破难点,拟将采用以下教学方法??

说学法过渡语:

在遵循“让学生主动参与、自主探究”的理念指导下,我确定如下学法??

课堂教学作为素质教育的主阵地,我们应特别注重学法的渗透。在遵循“让学生主动参与、自主探究”的理念指导下,我确定如下学法??

现代教学要使学生从“学会”向“会学”转变,成为真正的学习的主人。因而,我在教学过程中特别重视学法的指导。本课教学我主要指导学生采用以下学法??

说教学过程过渡语:

作为教师要做的是帮助学生架设生活与教材的桥梁,激发学生的情感体验并参与其中,推动学生深入地感受、领会学习,因此我设计如下教学过程??

导入处过渡语:

良好的开端是成功的一半,为了激发学生的学习积极性,更好的学习新知,我采用 xx 方式导入新课??

恰当的导入利于营造良好的教学情境,集中学生的注意力,激发学习兴趣,启迪学生积极思维,唤起求知欲,为良好的教学效果的取得奠定基础。

孔子曰:“知之者不如好之者、好之者不如乐之者”,对学生而言数学的学习应当是生动的、有趣的。为了激发学生的学习兴趣,在开始新课之前,我向学生提出这样一个问题?? 说板书设计过渡语:

为了帮助学生清晰明了的把握本节课的内容,掌握重点、突破难点,我将我的板书设计进行简要说明:??

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