1解决: Solve, deal with, cope with, handle, resolve, address, tackle
2损害: Damage, hurt, injure, harm, impair, undermine, jeopardize
3给与:Give, offer, render, impart, provide, supply, afford
4培养::Develop, cultivate, foster
5优势:Advantage, merit, virtue, benefit, upside, strength
6 缺陷:Disadvantage, demerit, drawback, downside, weakness
7 使迷惑:Puzzle, bewilder, perplex, baffle 8 重要的:Key, crucial, critical, important, significant, vital, substantial, indispensable, imperative
9 认为:Think, believe, insist, maintain, assert, conclude, deem, hold, argue, be convinced, be firmly convinced, be fully convinced
10 保护:Protect, conserve, preserve
11确保:Assure, ensure, guarantee, pledge
12 有害的: Bad, baneful evil, harmful, detrimental 13 要求 :Request, demand, needs, requisition
14 消除 :Eliminate, clear, remove, clear up, take away, smooth away
15 导致: Lead to, bring about, result in, cause, spark off, conduce to, procure, induce, generate
16 因此:So, therefore, thus, hence, consequently, as a consequence, accordingly, as a result, because of this, as a result of this
17 增长至:Grow to,rise to,increase to,go up to,climb to,ascend to,jump to,shoot to
18降低至:Dip to,fall to,decline to,decrease to,drop to,go down to,reduce to, slump to,descend to,sink to,slide to
19保持稳定:Level out,do not change,remain stable,remain still,remain steady,be stable,maintain the
same level,remain unchanged,be still,remain the same level,stay constant,keep at the same level,level off,stabilize,keep its stability,even out
20 急剧地:Dramatically,drastically,sharply,hugely,enormously,steeply,substantially,considerably,significantly,markedly,surprisingly,strikingly,radically,remarkably,vastly,noticeably
21平稳地:Steadily,smoothly,slightly,slowly,marginally,gradually,moderately,mildly
22 宣称:Allege, assert, declare, claim
23 发生:Happen, occur, take place
24 原因:Reason, factor, cause
25 发展:Development, advance, progress
26 有益的:Useful, helpful, beneficial, profitable, rewarding, advantageous
27 影响:Influence, impact, effect
28明显的:Clear, obvious, evident, self-evident, manifest, apparent, crystal-clear
29占:Comprise, take up, account for, constitute, consist of, make up, occupy, hold, compose
30与…相比:Compared with,compared to,in comparison with,in comparison to,by comparison with,by comparison to
31对比而言:By contrast,in contrast,on the other hand,on the contrary=,conversely
32展示:Show, reveal, illustrate, demonstrate, depict, present, represent, describe
33 大约:Approximately,almost,about,around,nearly,roughly
34波动:Fluctuate,go ups and downs,display a fluctuation,demonstrate a fluctuation
35事实上:Practically,in practice,essentially,in essence,in reality,in effect,in fact,as a matter of fact,it is a fact that
36换言之:Namely,that is to say,in other words,to put it like this,to put it differently,to put it from another way,to put it from another angle.
衔接词专题
口语中大量的逻辑信息是通过衔接功能词和表达法来实现的。按照衔接功能词出题是听力考试中的常规做法。以下是笔者为考生总结的衔接功能词和表达法:
1. 同位语(用于解释和重复)
in other words
that is to say
I mean to say
to put it another way
2. 举例连接(常用于排列关系中)
for example
for instance
in particular
more specifically
especially
thus
to illustrate
so on
so on and so forth
etc.
3. 校正
or rather
to be more precise
4. 附加
by the way
incidentally
in any case
any way
leaving that aside
5. 继续
as I was saying to resume
to get back to the point
6. 总结
in short
to sum up
in conclusion
briefly
7. 确认
actually
as a matter of fact
8. 变换
on the contrary instead
apart from that except for that alternatively
9. 空间联系—之后 following
then
next
first
10. 空间联系—同时 just then
at the same time at the moment at this point
up to now
11. 时间联系—之前 previously
before that
preceding
hitherto
12. 时间联系—立刻马上 at once
straightaway
next day
an hour later
that morning
13. 时间联系—持续 meanwhile
all that time
14. 时间联系—终止 until then
up to that point
15. 时间联系—中断 soon, after a while
16. 时间、空间联系—重复 next time
on another occasion
17. 时间、空间联系—结尾 in the end
finally
lastly
last of al
18. 时间、空间联系—序列 first
next
secondly
my next point is 1
to begin with in the first place 2
next
the second point in the second place also
furthermore moreover what is more 3
finally
last point in a word
put it in one word briefly
the final point to conclude
总结
in a word in short
in all
to sum up altogether
generally speaking as a rule generally normally
19. 比较
likewise
similarly
in a different way
20. 手段
thus
thereby
by such means by means of
21. 因果
as a result because of
because of that consequently considering due to for
for fear that for that reason from
hence in
now
on account of on ground of out of owing to seeing that so
thanks to then
therefore trough
22. 结果
result in
lead to
give rise to
being about
23. 目的
for that purpose with this in view
24. 条件
then
in that case
in the event
if
under the circumstances
25. 否定
other wise
if not
26. 让步
yet
still
though
despite this
however
even so
all the same
nevertheless
27. 增强
as to that
definitely
elsewhere
here
in other respects
in that respect
it’s quite safe to say that there
there is no doubt that undoubtedly
28. 发表意见
all things considered, I must say as far as I am concerned as I see it
frankly
honestly
I am sure that
I assume that
I believe that
I bet that
I guess that
I presume that I reckon
I suppose that
I’d like to point out if you ask me,
in my opinion
it seems to me
personally
the point is
to my mind
what I am trying to say is you know
29. 解释
for example
for instance
in other words
let me put it another way namely
that is to say
the important thing is
the main thing is
the thing about it is that
the thing is
the thing that matters is
to be more accurate
to be more exact
to be more precise
30. 转折
but
though
anyhow
however
nevertheless
on the other hand
at the same time
yes, it is true, but you shouldn’t forget that we must remember that
actually
as a matter of fact
in fact
31. 消息来源
it is said that
it is reported that I was told that
I’ve heard that
people say that
sth. is said to be
32. 反对和否定
no
at no time
by no means
hardly…
I am not sure I would agree I afraid can’t agree with in no place
in no way
it is not right
never before
not a …
not until
on no account
rarely…
there is no place like
there is nothing like
there must be some wrong with under no circumstances
33. 可能性
possibly
probably
very likely
perhaps
maybe
I dare say that
34. 间歇
not always
occasionally
now and then
35. 唯一
only once
for once
36. 重复
many times
several times
time after time
time and again
over and over again on several occasions repeatedly
.etc
37. 存在与发生
happen
take place
occur
appear
arise
come into being/existence come into sight
come in to view
38. 逻辑次序
first
at the beginning then
just then
suddenly
after that
afterwards
next
and then
later on
in the end
at last
finally
eventually
sometimes…and sometimes some times…at other times at times…and at other times at one time …and at another…
39. 排除和限制
apart from
apart from
barely
but
ceiling
check
constraint
control
curb
except
except for exception excluding exclusive of just
limit
lone
merely
no more than no more than not counting not including nothing but on one except only
restraint restriction simply single solitary
some degree of
with the exception of
without
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