初二英语语法总结

1) leave的用法

1.“leave+地点”表示“离开某地”。例如：

When did you leave Shanghai?

你什么时候离开上海的？

2.“leave for+地点”表示“动身去某地”。例如：

Next Friday, Alice is leaving for London.

下周五，爱丽斯要去伦敦了。

3.“leave+地点+for+地点”表示“离开某地去某地”。例如：

Why are you leaving Shanghai for Beijing?

你为什么要离开上海去北京？

2) 情态动词should“应该”学会使用

should作为情态动词用，常常表示意外、惊奇、不能理解等，有“竟会”的意思，例如： How should I know? 我怎么知道？

Why should you be so late today? 你今天为什么来得这么晚？

should有时表示应当做或发生的事，例如：

We should help each other.我们应当互相帮助。

我们在使用时要注意以下几点：

1. 用于表示“应该”或“不应该”的概念。此时常指长辈教导或责备晚辈。例如： You should be here with clean hands. 你应该把手洗干净了再来。

2. 用于提出意见劝导别人。例如：

You should go to the doctor if you feel ill. 如果你感觉不舒服，你最好去看医生。

3. 用于表示可能性。should的这一用法是考试中常常出现的考点之一。例如： We should arrive by supper time. 我们在晚饭前就能到了。

She should be here any moment. 她随时都可能来。

3) What...? 与 Which...?

1. what 与 which 都是疑问代词，都可以指人或事物，但是what仅用来询问职业。如： What is your father? 你父亲是干什么的？

该句相当于：

What does your father do?

What is your father's job?

Which 指代的是特定范围内的某一个人。如：

---Which is Peter? 哪个是皮特？

---The boy behind Mary. 玛丽背后的那个男孩。

2. What...?是泛指，所指的事物没有范围的限制；而 Which...?是特指，所指的事物有范围的限制。如：

What color do you like best? （所有颜色）

你最喜爱什么颜色？

Which color do you like best, blue, green or yellow? （有特定的范围）

你最喜爱哪一种颜色？

3. what 与 which 后都可以接单、复数名词和不可数名词。如：

Which pictures are from China?

哪些图片来自中国？

4) 频度副词的位置

1.常见的频度副词有以下这些：

always（总是，一直）

usually（通常）

often（常常，经常）

sometimes（有时候）

never（从不）

2.频度副词的位置：

a.放在连系动词、助动词或情态动词后面。如：

David is often arrives late for school.

大卫上学经常迟到。

b.放在行为动词前。如：

We usually go to school at 7:10 every day.

我们每天经常在7：10去上学。

c.有些频度副词可放在句首或句尾，用来表示强调。如：

Sometimes I walk home, sometime I rides a bike.

有时我步行回家，有时我骑自行车。

3.never放在句首时，主语、谓语动词要倒装。如：

Never have I been there.

5) every day 与 everyday

1. every day 作状语，译为“每一天”。如：

We go to school at 7:10 every day.

我们每天7：10去上学。

I decide to read English every day.

我决定每天读英语。

2. everyday 作定语，译为“日常的”。

She watches everyday English on TV after dinner.

她晚饭后在电视上看日常英语。

What's your everyday activity?

你的日常活动是什么？

6) 什么是助动词

1.协助主要动词构成谓语动词词组的词叫助动词（Auxiliary Verb）。被协助的动词称作主要动词（Main Verb）。

助动词自身没有词义，不可单独使用，例如：

He doesn't like English. 他不喜欢英语。

（doesn't是助动词，无词义；like是主要动词，有词义）

2.助动词协助主要动词完成以下功用，可以用来：

a. 表示时态，例如：

He is singing. 他在唱歌。

He has got married. 他已结婚。

b. 表示语态，例如：

He was sent to England. 他被派往英国。

c. 构成疑问句，例如：

Do you like college life? 你喜欢大学生活吗？

Did you study English before you came here?你来这儿之前学过英语吗？

d. 与否定副词not合用，构成否定句，例如：

I don't like him. 我不喜欢他。

e. 加强语气，例如：

Do come to the party tomorrow evening. 明天晚上一定来参加晚会。

He did know that. 他的确知道那件事。

3.最常用的助动词有：be, have, do, shall, will, should, would

7) forget doing/to do与remember doing/to do

1.forget to do 忘记要去做某事。 (未做)

forget doing 忘记做过某事。 (已做)

The light in the office is still on. He forgot to turn it off.

办公室的灯还在亮着，它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作)

He forgot turning the light off.

他忘记他已经关了灯了。 ( 已做过关灯的动作)

Don't forget to come tomorrow.

别忘了明天来。 (to come动作未做)

典型例题

---- The light in the office is still on.

---- Oh，I forgot___.

A. turning it off B. turn it off

C. to turn it off D. having turned it off

答案：C。由the light is still on 可知灯亮着，即关灯的动作没有发生，因此用forget to do sth.而forget doing sth 表示灯已经关上了，而自己忘记了这一事实。此处不符合题意。

2.remember to do 记得去做某事 (未做)

remember doing 记得做过某事 (已做)

Remember to go to the post office after school.

记着放学后去趟邮局。

Don't you remember seeing the man before?

你不记得以前见过那个人吗?

8) It's for sb.和 It's of sb.

1.for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如

easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

2.of sb 的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如

good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

3.for 与of 的辨别方法：

用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：

You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。

He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

9) 对两个句子的提问

新目标英语在命题中有将对句子划线提问这一题型取消的趋势，现在采取的作法是对一个句子进行自由提问。例如：

句子：The boy in blue has three pens.

提问：1.Who has three pens?

2.Which boy has three pens?

3.What does the boy in blue have?

4.How many pens does the boy in blue have?

很显然，学生多了更多的回答角度，也体现了考试的灵活性。再如：

句子：He usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday.

提问：1.Who usually goes to the park with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

2.Where does he usually go with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

3.What does he usually do with his friends at 8:00 on Sunday?

4.With whom does he usually go to the park at 8:00 on Sunday?

5.What time does he usually go to the park with his friends on Sunday?

6.When does he usually go to the park with his friends?

10) so、such与不定冠词的使用

1.so与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“so+形容词+a/an+名词”。如：

He is so funny a boy.

Jim has so big a house.

2.such与不定冠词a、an连用，结构为“such+a/an+形容词+名词”。如：

It is such a nice day.

That was such an interesting story.

11) 使用-ing分词的几种情况

1.在进行时态中。如：

He is watching TV in the room.

They were dancing at nine o'clock last night.

2.在there be结构中。如：

There is a boy swimming in the river.

3.在have fun/problems结构中。如：

We have fun learning English this term.

They had problems getting to the top of the mountain.

4.在介词后面。如：

Thanks for helping me.

Are you good at playing basketball.

5.在以下结构中：

enjoy doing sth 乐于做某事

finish doing sth 完成做某事

feel like doing sth 想要做某事

stop doing sth 停止做某事

forget doing sth 忘记做过某事

go on doing sth 继续做某事

remember doing sth 记得做过某事

like doing sth 喜欢做某事

keep sb doing sth 使某人一直做某事

find sb doing sth 发现某人做某事

see/hear/watch sb doing sth 看到/听到/观看某人做某事 try doing sth 试图做某事

need doing sth 需要做某事

prefer doing sth 宁愿做某事

mind doing sth 介意做某事

practice doing sth 练习做某事

be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

can't help doing sth 禁不住做某事

miss doing sth 错过做某事

12) 英语中的“单数”

1.主语的第三人称单数形式，即可用“he, she, it”代替的。如：

he, she, it

my friend, his teacher, our classroom, Tom, Mary's uncle

2.名词有单数名词和复数名词。如：

man（单数）---men（复数） banana（单数）---bananas（复数）

3.动词有原形，第三人称单数形式，-ing分词，过去式，过去分词。如： go---goes---going---went---gone

work---works---working---worked---worked

watch---watches---watching---watched---watched

当主语为第三人称单数的时候，谓语动词必须用相应的第三人称单数形式。如： The boy wants to be a sales assistant.

Our English teacher is from the US.

Their daughter makes her breakfast all by herself.

13) 名词的复数构成的几种形式

名词复数的构成可分为规则变化和不规则变化两种。

I 名词复数的规则变化

1.一般在名词词尾加-s。如：

pear---pears hamburger---hamburgers

desk---desks tree---trees

2.以字母-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词，词尾加-es。如：

class---classes dish---dishes

watch---watches box---boxes

3.以字母-o结尾的某些名词，词尾加-es。如：

potato---potatoes tomato---tomatoes

Negro---Negroes hero---heroes

4.以辅音字母加-y结尾的名词，将-y变为-i,再加-es。如：

family---families dictionary---dictionaries

city---cities country---countries

5.以字母-f或-fe结尾的名词，将-f或-fe变为-v，再加-es。如：

half---halves leaf---leaves

thief---thieves knife---knives

self---selves wife---wives

life---lives wolf---wolves

shelf---shelves loaf---loaves

但是：

scarf---scarves(fes) roof---roofs

serf---serfs gulf---gulfs

chief---chiefs proof---proofs

belief---beliefs

II 名词复数的不规则变化

1.将-oo改为--ee。如：

foot---feet tooth---teeth

2.将-man改为-men。如：

man---men woman---women

policeman---policemen postman---postmen

3.添加词尾。如：

child---children

4.单复数同形。如：

sheep---sheep deer---deer

fish---fish people---people

5.表示“某国人”的单、复数变化。即“中日瑞不变英法变，其它国把-s加后面”。如： Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese

Swiss---Swiss

Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen

American---Americans Australian---Australians

Canadian---Canadians Korean---Koreans

Russian---Russians Indian---Indians

6.其它。如：

mouse---mice

apple tree---apple trees

man teacher---men teachers

14) 双写最后一个字母的-ing分词 初中阶段常见的有以下这些：

1.let→letting 让

hit→hitting 打、撞

cut→cutting 切、割

get→getting 取、得到

sit→sitting 坐

forget→forgetting 忘记

put→putting 放

set→setting 设置

babysit→babysitting 临时受雇照顾婴儿

2.shop→shopping 购物

trip→tripping 绊

stop→stopping 停止

drop→dropping 放弃

3.travel→travel(l)ing 旅游

swim→swimming 游泳

run→running 跑步

dig→digging 挖、掘

begin→beginning 开始

prefer→preferring 宁愿

plan→planning 计划

15) 肯定句变否定句及疑问句要变化的一些词

1.some变为any。如：

There are some birds in the tree.

→There aren't any birds in the tree.

但是，若在表示请邀请、请求的句子中，some可以不变。如：

Would you like some orange juice?

与此相关的一些不定代词如something, somebody等也要进行相应变化。

2.and变为or。如：

I have a knife and a ruler.

→I don't have a knife or a ruler.

3.a lot of (=lots of)变为many或much。如：

They have a lot of friends.（可数名词）

→They don't have many friends.

There is lots of orange in the bottle.（不可数名词）

→There isn't much orange in the bottle.

4.already变为yet。如：

I have been there already.

→I haven't been there yet.

16) in与after

in 与 after 都可以表示时间，但二者有所区别。

1.in 经常用于将来时的句子中，以现在为起点，表示将来一段时间。如： He will leave for Beijing in a week.

一周后他会动身去北京。

2.after 经常用于过去时的句子中，以过去为起点，表示过去一段时间。如： He left for Beijing after a week.

一周后他动身去了北京。

不过，如果after后跟的是具体的时刻，它也可用于将来时。如： We will finish the work after ten o'clock.

十点后我们会完成工作的。

3.注意区分以下的in的用法。

I'll visit him in a week.

一周后我会去拜访他。

I'll visit him twice in a week.

一周内我会去拜访他两次。

17) 不定冠词a与an的使用

1.a 用在以辅音音素开头的单词前。如：

There is a "b" in the word "book".

单词book中有个字母b。

类似的字母还有：c, d, g, j, k, p, q, t, u, v, w, y, z。

She has a small knife.

她有一把小刀。

2.an 用于以元音音素开头的单词前。如：

There is an "i" in the word "onion".

单词onion中有个字母i。

类似的字母还有：a, e, f, h, l, m, n, o, r, s, x。

Do you have an umbrella?

你有一把雨伞吗？

3.以元音字母开头的单词前面不一定都用an；以辅音字母开头的单词前面也不一定都用a。如： a useful book

a universe

a one-letter word

an hour

an uncle

an umbrella

an honest person

18) 如何表达英语中的“穿、戴”？

英语中表示“穿、戴”的表达方法有好几种，常见的有以下这些：

1、put on 主要表达“穿”的动作。如：

He put on his coat.他穿上了他的外套。

You'd better put on your shoes.你最好穿上你的鞋子。

2、wear 主要表示“穿、戴”的状态。如：

The old man wears a pair of glasses.老人戴着一副眼镜。

The girl is wearing a red skirt.那女孩穿着一条红色的短裙。

3、dress 可作及物动词，有“给......穿衣”的意思，后接“人”，而不是“衣服”。如：

Please dress the children right now.请立即给孩子们穿上衣服。

dress 也可作不及物动词，表示衣着的习惯。如：

The woman always dresses in green.那位妇女总是穿绿色的衣服。

4、be in 表示穿着的状态。如：

John is in white today.约翰今天穿白色的衣服。

The man in black is a football coach.

19) a little, a few 与 a bit (of)

a little, a few 与 a bit (of) 都有“一些、少量”的意义。他们的区别在哪里呢？

1. a little 意为“一些、少量”，后接不可数名词。如：

There is a little water in the bottle. 瓶子里有一点水。

还可以接形容词。如：

He is a little shy. 他有些害羞。

2. a few 意为“一些、少数”，后接复数的可数名词。如：

There are a few people in the room. 房间里有一些人。

3. a bit 意为“一点儿”，后接形容词。如：

It's a bit cold. 有点冷。

a bit of 后接不可数名词。如：

He has a bit of money. 他有一点儿钱。

4. a little 表肯定意义，little 表否定意义；a few 表肯定意义，few 表否定意义。如： There is a little soda in the glass. 杯子里有一点儿汽水。

There is little soda in the glass. 杯子里几乎没有汽水了。

I have a few Chinese friends. 我有一些中国朋友。

Few people like him. 几乎没有人喜欢他。

5. a little = a bit of, 后接不可数名词；

a little = a bit = a little bit = kind of, 后接形容词，意为“有点儿”。

20) 关于like的用法

like 可以作动词，也可以作介词。

1、like 作动词，表示一般性的“爱好、喜欢”，有泛指的含义。如：

Do you like the color?你喜爱这种颜色吗？

like 后可接不定式（like to do sth），也可接动词的-ing分词（like doing sth），有时意思不尽相同。如：

She likes eating apples.她喜爱吃苹果。（习惯）

She likes to eat an apple.她喜爱吃一粒苹果。（平常不喜欢吃）

like 与 would 连用，后接不定式，表示愿望或客气的请求。如：

Would you like a cup of tea?您愿意喝杯茶吗？

“喜欢某人做某事”可以用结构“like sb to do sth/doing sth”。如：

They all like me to sing/singing English songs.他们都喜欢我唱英文歌。

2、like 作介词，可译成“像......”。如：

She is friendly to us like a mother.她对我们友好，就像母亲一样。

It looks like an orange.它看起来像个桔子。

3、区分以下句子：

A. What does he look like?

B. What is he like?

A句译为“他长相如何？”指一个人的外貌特征；而B句译为“他人怎么样？”指人的性格特点。

C. The boy like Peter is over there.

D. A boy like Peter can't do it.

A句指外貌相似，而D句指性格相似。

21) stop to do sth 与 stop doing sth

1. stop to do sth 意为“停下来去做某事”。如：

The students stop to listen to their teacher.

学生们停下来去听他们老师讲话。

2. stop doing sth 意为“停止做某事”。如：

The students stopped talking. 学生们停止了谈话。

与它们相反的句式是：go on to do sth “继续做某事（与刚才一事不同）”和 go on doing sth “继续做某事（与刚才同一件事）”。如：

He finishes his homework and goes on to study English.

他完成了作业，接着继续去念英语。

They went on playing games. 他们继续玩游戏。

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初二英语1—7单元复习要点

1. Welcome back to school!欢迎返校！

2. have fun doing sth. 做某事很开心We have fun talking with Mr. Green.

3. make fun of取笑，捉弄 It’s wrong to make fun of the old people.

4. call one’s name 点名 The teacher is calling the students’ names.

5. on time 准时，按时 He always comes to school on time.

6. with one’s best wishes 致以最美好的祝愿

7. Best wishes to you for Teachers’ Day.致以教师节最美好的祝愿

8. It doesn’t matter.没有关系

9. wish sb.… 祝愿某人??（后常接名词）。We wish you a happy New Year!

10. wish sb. to do sth.希望某人做某事I wish you to be a teacher.

11. Thanks for＋n./v.ing.因某事向某人致谢Thanks for teaching us so well.

12. give a talk做报告 Mr. Green is going to give us a talk on English study.

13. have a talk听报告 We are going to have a talk in the hall this afternoon.

14. think about考虑，思考 He is thinking about going to Japan for a holiday.

15. think of 想到，想起 We should think more of others.

16. what to say. 动词不定式可以接在where, how, when, which, who等疑问词后，构成短语。

I don’t know where I shall go.=I don’t know where to go.

Please tell me how I can do the work.=Please tell me how to do the work.

17. have an idea, have some ideas有主意

18. I have no idea=I don’t know不知道

19. the difference between?and?与?之间的不同点

20. given name=first name名字full name全名

21. be different from 与??不同be the same as 与??相同The weather in Beijing is different from that in Australia=The weather in Beijing is not the same as that in Australia.

22. the meaning of? ??的意思What’s the meaning of this word?=What does this word mean?=What do you mean by this word?

23. be important to sb. 对某人很重要English is important to us.比较：It’s important for us to learn English well.对我们来说学好英语很重要。

24. be short for简称，缩写式 TV is short for Television.

25. call?for short 简称为We call Television TV for short.

26. be/feel sorry for sb. 为某人感到难过I feel sorry for you.

27. be/feel sorry for sth./doing sth. 为（做）某事感到后悔/抱歉I am sorry for being late.

28. be sorry to do sth.因做某事很难过I am sorry to hear that.用于听到坏消息表示同情。

29. be sorry that +主谓句。因某事而感到后悔I am sorry that I am late.

30. say sorry to sb. 向某人道歉You should say sorry to your teacher.

31. be afraid of sb./sth/doing sth. 害怕某人/某事/做某事I am afraid of climbing trees.

32. be afraid to do sth不敢去做某事 She is afraid to go out at night.

33. be afraid that+主谓句。 恐怕?? I am afraid that I can’t help you.

34. only a little 仅有一点点I know only a little English.

35. only a few仅有几个The farm is only a few kilometers away.

36. know a lot about?了解很多关于??的情况

37. make sb. sth=make sth. for sb.为某人制作??类似词组有：buy/mend/cook/grow sb. sth=buy/ mend/cook/grow sth. for sb.为某人购买/修理/烹调/种植某物

还有一些动词也可跟双宾语，但它们所用的介词是to，而不是for。例如：

pass/give/ show/teach/tell sb. sth=pass/give/show/teach/tell sth. to sb.

38. sound like 听起来像??It sound like a bird.

39. sound＋形容词 听起来??The song sounds beautiful.

40. not?any more（句末）=no more（can, be动词后行为动词前）不再??I can’t help you any more=I can no more help you. He doesn’t go there any more=He no more goes there.

41. a waste of time/money时间/金钱的浪费 It’s a waste of time if you go on like this.

42. waste time doing sth.浪费时间做某事 Don’t waste time doing anything hopeless.

43. many times 很多次I read the text many times.

44. would like sth. =want sth想要某物I would like some help.

45. would like to do sth.想做某事 I would like to visit the Great Wall.

46. would like sb. to do sth. 想让某人做某事I would like him to help me.

47. discuss sth =talk about sth.讨论??

48. go on a trip=make a trip=have a trip=take a trip旅行，后接介词to的短语表示去向. I am going on a happy trip to Japan next Monday.

49. go on 常与旅游，远足，野餐，航海等名词连用，表示“去，进行”

50. go on a picnic=have a picnic举行野餐

51. go on a hike= go hiking去远足

52. go on 还有“继续”的意思，后接v.ing After a short rest, I go on writing the letter.

53. go+v.ing. 表示去从事某一活动。

54. go boating/shopping/swimming/hiking/skiing/skating/dancing/sailing/climbing

55. do some +v,ing 表示“干，做??”

56. do some reading/shopping/cleaning/washing/writing/running/speaking

57. go/ walk/run the wrong way走错路

58. be good at sth =do well in sth.擅长于?? He is good at English=He does well in English.

59. be good at doing sth,擅长于做?He is good at singing/swimming/drawing/playing football.

60. be good to sb.=be friendly to sb=be kind to sb.对某人友好. Our teacher is good to us.

61. be good for sth.对??有好处，有益 Taking a walk after supper is good for your health.

62. on a trip在旅游中。类似表达：on holiday,在度假 on a visit在访问

63. have problems doing sth.=have trouble/difficulty doing sth.做某事有困难Do you have problems finishing the work in two hours?

64. be far from?离??远The moon is far from the earth.

65. trip over 被??绊倒She often trips over her shoes.

66. hurry up!=be quick!快点，表催促 Hurry up! Or you will be late.

67. hurry to ＋地名=go/come to?in a hurry匆忙赶往He hurries to school=He goes to school in a hurry.

68. hurry off匆忙离去 He hurries off to look after the man.

69. hurry home/there匆忙回家/到那里

70. be/feel tired觉得劳累

71. be /feel tired from因??感到疲倦 Are you tired from such a long walk?

72. be tired of 对??感到厌倦 I am tired of reading this kind of book.

73. on the top of在??顶部 There is a bird on the top of the building.

74. go to a party去参加晚会 I am going to a birthday party tomorrow.

75. the day after tomorrow后天

76. be the first（one）to do sth. 第一个做??He is the first student to get to school every day.

77. the coming field trip即将到来的郊外旅行

78. have a fun field trip愉快的郊外旅行

79. hike to the top of the mountain徒步走上山顶

80. put?in order按正确的顺序 Please put the sentences in order.

81. lots of=a lot of许多

82. too many太多，后接可数名词的复数。He has too many books in his room.

83. too much 太多，后接不可数名词。He drinks too much coke every day.

84. much too 太，很，非常，后接形容词。The box is much too heavy.

85. in spring/summer/autumn/winter在春/夏/秋/冬。“在四季”不加介词。

86. be free=be not busy=have time . I have time today=I am free today.

87. be free to do sth.有空做某事，随意做某事. You are free to go to the park or go to the zoo.

88. something sweet 甜的东西。当不定代词something, anything, nothing, somebody等被形容词修饰的时候，形容词应置于不定代词的后面。There is something helpful in the book. There isn’t anything important in today’s newspaper=There is nothing important in today’s…

89. come over过来，顺便拜访come over+地名 You must come over to my house.

90. a kind of 一种? 修饰kind的形容词一般放在其前面，且kind为单数时，kind of后面的名词一般为单数，kind为复数时，kinds of后面的名词一般为复数。

91. all kinds of?各种各样的There are all kinds of flowers in the park.

92. different kinds of?许多不同种类的

93. at the store/shop在商店

94. at this time of year一年中的这个时候 We fly kites at this time of year.

95. taste+形容词，尝起来?? The mooncake tastes delicious.

96. taste like尝起来像??This kind of drink tastes a little like orange juice.

97. have a taste 尝一尝 May I have a taste of this cake?

98. get together相聚 People get together to celebrate the harvest.

99. have a lot to eat 有很多吃的

100. have?to do 有??要干（做）I have three books to read this week.

101. in the open air=outside the house. 在户外They are dancing in the open air. 102. What?for?=why??为何目的 What do you do that for?=Why do you do that?

103. Another+单数名词=one more +单数名词：指多个中的“再一，又一”多用于购物或做客时对话。Would you like another apple? I don’t like this pen. Please show me another. 104. the other+名词单数或复数：指两者（两部分）中的“另一个”或“另一些”或“其余的”I have two pencils. One is red, the other is yellow. There are 56 students in the class. Two of them are from Japan, the others are from China.

105. tell a story讲故事 My grandma often tells me stories after supper.

106. wait for sb./sth等候某人/某物 Who are you waiting for? He is waiting for Mr. Lin. 107. can’t wait to do sth.迫不及待地做?? I can’t wait to open the box.

108. wait a minute=wait a moment.等一会儿

Have to must

用法 客观因素促使某人“不得不做某事” 主观认为必须做某事

形式 有人称、数和时态的变化 没有人称、数和时态的变化

句式 肯定句：主语+have/has to+动词? 主语+must+动词?

否定式:主语+don’t/doesn’t have to+动词 主语+mustn’t+动词原形?

疑问式：Do/Does+主语+have to+动词? Must+主语+动词?Yes,?must./No,needn Don’t have to=needn’t不必，无需 Mustn’t禁止，不许，不准

109. live on a farm/the second floor.住在一/二楼

110. live in the country/the city/ the tall building住在乡下/城里/高楼里

111. feed the animals on/with sth用??喂养 What do you feed the cows on/with? 112. feed sth to the animals把??喂给She feeds grass to the cows.

113. My job is to feed the animals. 注意：动词不定式作表语。

114. hear sb. 听见某人Can you hear me clearly?

115. hear that+主谓句。听说??I hear that there is a dolphin show there.

116. hear sb. do sth. 听见某人做了某事。强调听到了动作的全过程。

117. hear sb. doing sth.听见某人正在做某事。强调动作正在进行。

比较：I hear her singing in the next room.我听见她正在隔壁房间唱歌。

I often hear her sing in the next room. 我经常听见她在隔壁房间唱歌。

I heard her sing a song in English. 我听见她用英语唱了一首歌。

类似hear的动词还有see, watch, feel 等。

118. play with玩耍，玩弄 Don’t play with the cat any more. Don’t play with fire. Play football.踢足球 Play cards打牌. Play chess下棋. Play tennis打网球.

119. Grow rice and wheat.种植水稻和小麦

120. use?to do?用?来做?We use the lift to go up and down.=We go up and down by lift.

I use a pen to write a letter.=I write a letter with a pen.

121. agree with sb. 同意某人I don’t agree with you.

122. agree on sth. 表示双方在某事上“意见一致”Tom and Jim agree on that.

123. agree to后接 idea, suggestion, plan等表“主张”“建议”“计划”的词语。 124. agree to do sth.同意做某事 We all agree to have a Christmas party.

125. Like ?better than?喜欢?胜过?I like English better than Chinese.

126. like?best of all最喜欢? I like dogs best of all because they are friendly to people. 127. more＋名词＋than ?比?多 I have more books than you.我的书比你的多。 128. more＋多音节形/副词原级＋than?用于比较，表示“比?更”

I think English is more interesting than Chinese.

129. more than=over 多于，超过 There are more than =over60 students in our class. 130. until ?到??为止

I will watch TV until my mother comes back.我将一直看电视直到妈妈回来。

131. not?until直到??时候才（开始干某事）

I won’t watch TV until my mother comes back。我直到妈妈回来才开始看电视。 =I will watch TV when /after my mother comes back..

132. leave school=finish school 毕业What are you going to be after you leave school? 133. go to college 上大学I am going to college after I leave school.

134. In college 在大学里In college, I can learn more about farming.

135. learn how to do sth.学习如何做? Many young people are learning how to drive now. 136. What’s up?=What’s going on?=What’s wrong?=What’s the matter?=What’s

happening?

137. nothing=not?anything没有什么东西 I can see nothing=I can’t see anything. 138. a dolphin show 海豚表演 a drawing show画展 a fashion show时装表演

139. be on show 在展览中His drawings are on show in the museum now.

140. show sb. sth.=show sth. to sb. 出示，把??给某人看

Please show me your new watch=Please show your new watch to me.

141. make it 约定时间，做到，办成功 Let’s make it half past ten.

142. No problem 没问题

143. finish sth./doing sth.完成某事/完成做某时I’m going to finish reading the book next week.

144. on land在陆地上 An elephant is the biggest animal on land.

145. in water 在水里A dolphin lives in water.

146. have nothing to do无事可做I have nothing to do= I don’t have anything to do. 147. on holidays在度假 I am on holidays.

148. It is+形容词+for sb. to do sth.对某人来说做某事是??

It’s useful for us to learn English well.对我们来说学好英语很有用。

It’s important for us to keep healthy.对我们来说保持健康很重要。

149. In forests and mountains.在山林里

149. can’t be 不可能是（在）They can’t be at home.

150. walk round and round in cages.在笼子里转来转去

151. fall into the water/river/lake掉（落）入水/河/湖里

152. go to the cinema=go to see a film去看电影

153. say “Hello/Goodbye/Sorry” to sb.向某人问好/道别/道歉

154. too+形容词+for ?对??来说太?It’s too early for the dolphin show.

155. tickets for boating/swimming/skiing划船/游泳/滑雪票

156. Shall we go for a walk?=Let’s go for a walk.=Why not go for a walk?=Why don’t we go for a walk?=How/What about going for a walk?=Would you like to go for a walk? 157. next to紧邻He sits next to me.

158. need sth=want sth.需要某物 I need some help.

159. need to do sth. 有必要做某事Does she need to have a rest?

160. need doing需要做??The bike needs mending.当主语是物时，后接动词ing形式。 161. all the same.仍然，还是He is old, but he goes to work all the same.

162. know the way识路 lose one’s way迷路 the way to?去某地的路 on one’s way to?去某地的途中 in a friendly way以友好的方式

162. ask sb. for help 向某人寻求帮助

163. ask?for?请求；向??要??Don’t always ask your parents for money.

164. walk/go along/up/down?沿着，顺着

165. take the+序数词+turning on the right/left=turn right/left at the+序数词

+crossing/turning在第几个交叉路口向右/左拐

Take the fourth turning on the left=Turn left at the fourth turning/crossing.

166. take a bus乘车 take a walk散步 take one’s seat坐下 take photos照相 take sb. some time 花费某人的时间take ?away 拿走take ?out of 从??里拿出take good cake of 照顾好take off脱下 take ?to 把??带去? take? with随身携带

167. catch a bus=take a bus=go?by bus乘车 He catches a bus to work=He goes to work by bus.

168. had better（not）do sth. 最好（不）做某事You’d better（not）tell him the news. 169. in front of 在某一范围外的前面，其反义词为behind.

170. in/at the front of 在某一范围内的前面或前部，其反义词为in/at the back of. 举例：The driver sits in the front of the car.

There are many trees in front of the building.

171. stand in a row.站成一横排 Stand in a line站成一竖排

172. first?then?首先??接着?First think it over, then write.

173. keep＋形容词 “保持??”“让??”Keep quiet, please! We must keep healthy! 174. keep+sb./sth.+形容词/介词短语，表示使某人或某物保持某种状态。例如：

（1） Please keep the window open. （2）We must keep our classroom clean.

（2） The heavy snow keep them on the top of the mountain.

175. keep+sb./sth.+v.ing让某人或某物保持做某个动作。

I’m sorry to keep you waiting so long.对不起让你久等了。

The boss keeps him working twelve hours a day.老板让他一天工作十二个小时。 176. tell sb.（not）to do sth.告诉某人（不）做某事。例如：

He tells the students to listen to him carefully.

She tells us not to play football in the street.

类似短语：ask sb.（not）to do sth. 请求某人（不）做某事

177. do with 对付，处置，摆弄What can you do with the book?

178. 主语+think/find/feel it +形容词+to do sth. 某人认为/发现/觉得干?怎么样。例如：

（1） We think it helpful to do some reading every day.

（2） I find it difficult to work out the problem.

（3） I feel it interesting to talk with the little boy.

179. 问路的常用表达：

（1） Where is the nearest post office?

（2） Is there a post office near here?

（3） Could you tell/show me the way to the post office?

（4） Could you tell me how I can get to the post office?

（5） Could you tell me how to get to the post office?

（6） Which is the way to the post office?

180. 指路的方法：

（1） It’s over there on the right/left.

（2） It’s about 10 minutes’ walk.

（3） Walk along/up/down the road/street, and take the second turning on the right.

（4） Go down the street, and then turn left at the second crossing.

（5） Walk on until you reach the end, you can see it in front of you.

（6） You can go there on foot.

（7） You’d better catch a NO.6 bus. It will take you right there.

181. talk about sth.谈论某事talk to/with sb.和??交谈 have a talk with sb和??交谈 182. up and down上上下下，来来回回He is walking up and down in the room.. 183. be busy with sth. =be busy doing sth. 忙于干某事

He is busy with his work=He is busy working. Mother is busy cooking supper at the moment.

184. ask sb. about sth.询问某人关于某事的情况His father often ask him about his lesson. 185. the city of?“??市”the city of Beijing 北京市 the city of Sydney悉尼市

186. get into the lift/ the taxi 进入电梯/出租车get out of the lift/the taxi走出电梯/出租车 187. catch a bus to work=go to work by bus乘公共汽车上班

中国 美国 英国

一楼 The first floor The ground floor

二楼 The second floor The first floor

三楼 The third floor The second floor

188. a place called/named/with the name of?名叫??的地方

We live in a town called/named/with the name of Lingshan.

The boy called/named/with the name of Lin Youzhou is our monitor.

189. find “找到，发现”，常指偶然发现某物或某情况也指找到、发现某种有形的东西。 190. “找出，查明”多指通过调查、询问之后找出、发现某种无形的、抽象的东西。 举例：（1）Can you find it on the map?

（2）Read it and find out the answer to the question.

（3）Please find out when the train leave for Beijing.

一、 语法：

1、 一般过去时态。

2、 反意疑问句。

3、 感叹句。

4、 介词in ,on和at的用法。

5、 构词法：名词变形容词，形容词变副词。

6、 邀请和应答。请求和许可。

7、 一般将来时态。Will do 和be going to do的区别：二者都可以表示将来的动作或状态，有时可以互换，但又有区别。表示单纯将来的情况；Tom will visit you next week.或表示带有意愿色彩的将来；Don’t worry, I will help you with your English.或表示客观上必然发生的事；I will be twenty next year.或依据事实做出科学的推测，尤其是天气预报。The radio says it will be rainy at times.以上情况应用结构。如下列句子，不宜用will替换： I am going to see him tomorrow. Tom is going to be a doctor when he grows up. The girl is going to be sick. She looks sad. I think it is going to rain soon.

8、 掌握一般将来时，现在进行时和一般过去时和一般现在时的区别。

二、 知识点归纳：

1、 remember记得，反义词为forget

【搭配】 remember to do sth.记得要做?别忘记要做? （某事没做）

remember doing sth.记得曾经做过某事（某事已做过）

remember sth.记得某事

remember me to sb.请代我向??问好

【拓展】 forget to do sth.忘记了去做某事（某事没做）

forget doing sth.忘记曾经做过某事（事已做过，但忘记了）

forget sth. 忘记某事

【举例】Remember/Don’t forget to turn off the lights when you leave the room. 出去时别忘了关灯。

I remember seeing him somewhere before.我记得曾在某地见过他。

Please remember me to your parents.请代我向你的父母亲问好。

I forgot to return the book to the library.我忘记将书还给图书馆了。

I forgot returning the book to the library. 我忘记曾将书还给图书馆了。

2、 hope希望

【搭配】 hope to do sth.希望做某事I hope to see you soon.

hope＋主谓句, 希望??I hope you have a good time.

I hope so.希望如此。

I hope not.我不希望如此。

3. a bit =a little 一点点，可用来修饰形容词或副词。I was a bit/ a little tired.

A bit of 后接不可数名词，a bit of bread一点面包

not a bit表示“一点也不”；not a little表示“非常”

He is not a bit tired. 他一点也不累He is not a little tired.他非常累。

4、 look after?well=take good cake of 好好照顾

5、 keep healthy

【搭配】 keep +形容词，保持某种状态I keep busy all the time.

keep sb.＋形容词/介词?让某人保持?Please keep the door open.

keep doing sth.坚持干某事Don’t keep asking so many questions.

keep sb. doing sth.让某人一直干某事Don’t keep me waiting long.

keep a diary坚持写日记He keeps a diary every day.

keep animals饲养动物Farmers keep animals on the farm.

6、 grow up长大成人 He wants to be a teacher when he grows up.

7、 ?ago一段时间+指以现在为终点多长时间以前，不能单独使用。

before通常用在某个时间点之前，还可以单独使用。

【举例】They came to China three years ago.

They visited him before Wednesday.

I remember reading the book before.

8、 enjoy喜欢，喜爱，相当于 like或 love

【搭配】 enjoy sth. 喜欢?They enjoy Chinese food very much.

enjoy doing sth.喜欢做?Do you enjoy listening to music?

enjoy oneself=have a good time玩得愉快He enjoyed himself.

9、 how do you like??=what do you think of??你觉得?怎幺样？

10、be away=be out外出，不在

11、be away from school 离校，缺席He was away from school for two weeks.

12、at the same time They got to the village at the same time.

13、a moment ago=just now刚才，用于一般过去时态。

14、reply用做名词，答复 make a reply 作出答复,make no reply没有答复

reply 用做动词，回答reply to sb./sth.=answer sb.sth.

please reply to/answer my question in English.

15、sell sth, to sb.=sell sb. sth.卖给某人某物

He wants to sell his old bike to me=He wants to sell me his old bike.

16、discuss business together一起谈生意

17、by the way顺便问一下By the way, why did you call me?

【拓展】 on the/one’s way to?在去某地的途中He is on his way to school.

in a/the?way用??方法Can you do it in the same way?

18、have a problem with?无法解决??的毛病，相当于there is something wrong with?Do you have any problems with your TV set?

19、put?right使??恢复正常 Can you put the clock right?

20、have a lot of fun（doing）玩得开心We had a lot of fun in the park.

21、do/take exercise=do sports进行运动，锻炼

22、plan one’s work carefully精心计划工作

23、plan to do sth.计划做某事We are planning to start next week.

24、make a plan for?为?制定计划You’d better make a plan for your study.

25、 drive to ?=go to?by car开车去?He drives to work.

drive sb. to?开车送某人去?He drives his son to school.

26、have a rest=rest休息He had a rest for an hour=He rested for an hour.

27、have a swim=go swimming游泳

28、go on a trip=have a trip 进行旅行He is going on a trip to Japan.

【拓展】 go on with sth.= go on doing sth.继续干（同一件事）

go on to do sth.继续干（另一件事）

【举例】After having a cup of tea, he went on with his work/working.

He finished reading and went on to write his composition.

29、 ask sb. for help 向??求助Why not ask the teacher for help?

ask sb. a question向??提问题

ask for sth.要某东西He came to ask for some water.

ask sb. about sth.向??询问有关?的情况

ask sb. （not）to do sth.请某人（不）做某事

He asked me about the weather in Hainan.

Tom asked us to help him with his Chinese.

30、go out for a walk=have a walk=take a walk散步

31、at breakfast早餐时He read morning paper at breakfast yesterday.

32、say goodbye to向??告别/辞行

say hello to向??打招呼，向??问好

say sorry to向??道歉

say good morning to向??问候早安

say thanks to向??道谢

33、 be useful to sb. 对某人有用 English is useful to everyone.

be useful for sth.对某物有用Sports and games are useful for health.

34、have a good/bad/ poor memory有很好/很差/很糟糕的记忆力

35、all the time总是，一直，常和always做同义词组替换。

The boy helps the old man all the time=The boy always helps the old man.

36、 know everything about了解有关??的一切

know nothing/little about对??一无所知

know much/ a lot about 对??了解很多

37、move to＋地点，迁往?，搬到?They moved to Paris last year.

38、good luck to sb. with sth.祝某人走运/某事顺利

Good luck to you with your Chinese.

39、at first=at the beginning起初，起先

40、主语＋find＋宾语＋名词/形容词/介词短语/动词ing形式

I find English hard. 我觉得英语很难。

I found him a good student.我觉得他是个好学生。

I found her in the classroom.我发现他在教室里。

I found a purse lying on the ground.我发现一个钱包躺在地上。

41、be in/at a meeting=have a meeting开会

42、 give a concert举行音乐会They gave a concert last night.

give a talk做一次演讲Mr. Lin gave us a talk yesterday.

give sb. a call给?打电话please give me a call.

go to a concert参加音乐会Thanks for asking me to the concert.

be in/at a concert在音乐会上He wants to play in/at the concert.

43、 a visit to?去某地访问/参观Is this your first visit to China?

be on a visit to?=be visiting在?访问They are on a visit to Beijing

have/make/pay a visit to访问/参观He will pay a visit to England.

visit 可以做及物动词visit China, visit the History Museum.，visit a friend

44、at that time在那时There was no hospital in the city at that time.

45、more than＋数字=over＋数字，多于，超过，反义词为less than少于

46、in the middle of?在??的中间He sits in the middle of the classroom.

47、at the end of?在??末（指时间），在??的尽头（指地点）

We’ll have an exam at the end of this month. We met at the end of the street.

48、in the end=at last=finally最后，终于They arrived there in the end.

49、at the start of=at the beginning of?在??开始（指时间）

At the beginning of the class, we sang an English song.

50、 fall down（from）倒下，摔倒He fell down and broke his left leg.

fall off从??上掉下来The boy fell off the tree.

fall into跌入（河，水中）He fell into the river./water

fall ill患病He fell ill =was ill yesterday.

51、sth. happen to sb.某人发生了某事；??发生在某人身上

what happened to him yesterday?昨天他出什幺事了？

52、sb. happen to do sth.某人碰巧做某事

I happened to see him in the park.我碰巧在公园见到他。

53、have an accident 发生事故 have a little accident发生小事故

54、work out演算，解决work out the maths problem. Work it /them out.

55、hurry to?=go to?in a hurry匆忙赶往??

He hurried to school =He went to school in a hurry.

56、play for a team=be on a team=be amember of a team?是??的成员

He played for the children football team.=He was on the children football team=He was a member of the children football team.

57、 be famous for以?而着称/闻名Australia is famous for its sheep.

be famous as以?的身份出名He is famous as a singer.

58、 marry sb. “娶某人” 或“嫁给某人”John married kate

59、 marry sb. to sb.“把?嫁给?”He married his daughter to a rich man.

be/get married to sb.“和?结婚”Peter got married to Joe last year.

60、 last long持续久will the bad weather last long?

last for＋一段时间，持续?The meeting lasted for two hours.

last from ?to从?持续到?Winter last from Nov. to Jan.

【拓展】last可做形容词，表示 最后的，与the连用the last three floors

刚过去的，不与the连用last night/year

61、 heavily, heavy 形容雨、雪大，形容风大用strong, strongly 形容太阳照得猛烈用bright, brightly

The rain/snow was heavy last night=It rained/snowed heavily last night.

There was a strong wind=The wind blew strongly.

Look! The sun is shining brightly.

62、 write down写下??，记下??，其中down是副词。

write down the new words=write the new words down.若是代词作宾语，只能放在动词和副词之间。write it/them down类似的短语还有：put on 穿上，上演take off 脱下turn on 打开（电器等）turn off 关掉 turn up调大（音量） turn down关小（音量） put away 把?收好take away拿走 give back 归还work out算出 ring up打电话给? find out 查清，查明look up 查找throw away 丢掉think over 仔细考虑 pick up 捡起wake up把?弄醒

63、come out出来，出现，（花）开放The flowers start to come out in spring.

【搭配】 come along一道走，一起来

come after 跟随，随?之后，相当于follow

come back回来

come up走近，靠近

come on表示说话人的一种催促、劝说、鼓励等“快”、“来吧”

64、at a bad/good time of year在一年中不好的/好的时节里

65、 get “逐渐变得?” get＋天气，长短get warm/cold/long/short

turn“变得?” turn＋颜色 turn green/yellow/red能用做联系动词的还有：look看起来显得?look worried ,taste尝起来?taste delicious, smell闻起来?smell good, sound听起来sound great, feel觉得?feel happy

66、the best time to do sth.做?的最好时间It’s the best time to say good bye.

67、Late march 三月底early spring初春early in the morning清晨

68、look unlike 看起来不象 be the most like/unlike 最像/不像

The weather in China is the most unlike that in Australia.

69、Autumn starts in Sep. and goes on to Nov.=Autumn lasts from Sep. to Nov.

70、later on=at a later time过后，以后He’ll visit the Great Wall later on.

71、do some reading读书After supper, I did some reading.

in the north/south/east/west of?在?的北/南/东/西部，在其范围之内。

to the north/south/east/west of?在?以北/南/东/西，不在范围之内，也不接壤。 on the north/south/east/west of?以?的北/南/东/西方，不在范围之内，接壤。

Shanghai /Taiwan is in the east of China.上海在中国的东部。

Japan is to the east of China.日本在中国的东部。

Russia is on the northeast of China.俄罗斯在中国的东北部。

72、North China华北 South China华南

73、at times=sometimes时常，时而 It will be cloudy at times.

74、There is a lot of sunshine=It is sunny.

75、There will be a heavy rain=It will rain heavily.

76、stay above zero保持0度以上 fall below zero下降到0度以下

77、ring up给?打电话Peter rang me up just now.

【拓展】表示“打电话”的用语 telephone / phone / call sb.

give sb. a call / ring

make a telephone / phone call to sb.

78、in the daytime/day 在白天The temperature will stay above zero in the day.

79、at night在夜里（下午6点至午夜）We stay in the open air at night.

80、in the night在夜间The temperature will fall below zero in the night.

81、on the night of?特指在某晚上It happened on the night of Nov.20th.

82、The rain / snow will stop later on=It will stop raining / snowing.

83、It’s good / better / best to do sth.最好做某事

【举例】It’s good to do morning exercises early in the morning.

It’s better to do more speaking if you learn English.

【搭配】 be good for?对?有好处，适宜于?

be good to sb.对某人友好，相当于be kind /friendly to sb.

be good at sth. / doing sth擅长于（做）某事，相当于do well in

84、weather report for some cities across the world世界各大城市的天气预报

85、weather report for the next 24 hours未来24小时天气预报（注意介词for）

86、make / give a report做报告make a weather report for today.

87、report ??to 向??报告I’ll report you to the headmaster.

88、be sure相信，有把握

【搭配】 be sure to do sth.“一定会?，肯定会?”表示说话人对句子主语的推测和判断。be sure of sth. / doing sth.“相信”，“有把握”，表示句子主语自信或对某事有把握。be sure ＋从句，表示句中主语对某事有把握

I am sure （that）he will succeed=He is sure to succeed.他一定会成功。

He is sure of success.他自信会成功。

Be sure to do sth.的祈使句表说话人向对方提出要求，“务必”“一定要”.

Be sure to come to school earlier tomorrow.明天务必早点来学校。

89、 invite sb.邀请某人

invite sb. to somewhere邀请某人去某地He invited me to her party.

invite sb. to do sth. 邀请某人做某事He invited me to have dinner.

90、go to the cinema=go to see a film去看电影

91、hold on=hold on a minute=wait a moment=a moment=hold the line a second.

92、right now=at the moment此刻，现在

93、take a message for sb.为某人捎口信Can I take a message for you?

94、leave a message 留言Please leave a message.请留言。

95、give sb. the message=give the message to sb.把口信给某人

96、sth. be ready某事已准备好了Supper is ready.

be / get ready for sth.为??作准备I’m getting ready for the final exam.

be ready to do sth.“准备做某事,乐意做某事”He’s ready to help others.

get sth. ready 把??准备好you must get your football shoes ready.

97、There is no time / a little time / some time / enough time to do sth.没有时间 / 有点时间 / 些时间 /足够的时间去做某事。There is a little time for us to have lunch=We have a little time to have lunch.我们还有一点时间吃午饭。

98、be the same as和??相同，反义词组是be different from

English names are different from Chinese names=English names are not the same as Chinese names.

99、 【搭配】 turn ?over 翻转，把??翻过来

turn on 打开（电器，煤气等）

turn off关掉（电器，煤气等）

turn down 关小、降低音量

turn up 调大音量

turn right/left 向右 / 左转

【举例】Turn over the stone and you’ll find something under the stone

He turned on the radio and listened to the weather report.

Please remember to turn off the lights when you go out.

The recorder is too noisy. Turn it down, please.

Turn right / left at the second crossing=Take the second turning on the right / left. 100、ask /tell sb. （not）to do sth. 请求 / 叫某人（不）做某事。

101、 think hard苦苦思索He thought hard, then he had an idea.

think about考虑，思考I’m thinking about what to talk about.

think of考虑，关心，想起I can’t think of your name.

think over仔细思考Please think it over before you write.

think highly of高度评价He thought highly of what you did.

102、be late for sth.晚了，迟了?He was late for the meeting yesterday.

be late for doing sth.做??迟了He was late for catching the bus.

103、show可做名词，“展览，演出”，也做动词，“出示，给??看，说明”

be on show陈列着，展览中His pictures will be on show next month.

a dolphin show海豚展览I’d like to see the dolphin show

show sb sth=show sth. to sb..出示给??Please show me your pass.

show sb. around领某人参观?Please show me around your school.

show sb. how to do sth.指导?怎样做He showed me how to drive a car.

show +从句The picture shows what Bob did yesterday.

104、be away from school 离校，缺课I was away from school for two weeks.

105、how long /how often /how soon / how far / how many times /how heavy…

【比较】 how long表某一动作状态持续“多久，多长时间” for＋段时间

how often 表频率“多长时间一次” once /twice a week, sometimes

how soon 表示“将过多久之后”答语是 in ＋一段时间

how far问路途有“多远”答语是two kilometers等

how many times询问“多少次”答语是once, twice, three times等

【举例】How long will you stay here? About two hours.

How often do you go to the cinema? Once a week

How soon will your parents come back? They’ll be back in two weeks.

How many times have you been to the cinema this week? Twice.

106、数字＋more＋名词，表示“再??，又??”

I’ll write two more letters.=I’ll write another two letters.我将再写两封信。

Would you like some more tea? No more.你还需要再添一些茶吗？不再需要。

107、I hope everything goes well.=I hope everything is OK.希望一切顺利！

108、help oneself to?随便吃点/喝点?Help yourselves to some fish, children.

help oneself 随便用?－May I use your pen?－Help yourself.请随便用

109、put on“上演，穿衣”We’ll put on plays, too.我们也上演戏剧。

put up举起，建起Put up your hand if you have any questions.

put down放下Put down the bag on the floor.

put away把?收拾好It’s hot now, please put away your sweater.

put into放进，译成Put these sentences into Chinese.把句子译成中文。

110、always的反义词是never，把含有always的句子变成否定句时，只需把always变成never. He is always late for school=He is never late for school.

1.hope常用来表示有可能实现的愿望，其后常跟从句或用于hope to do sth.句型中，但不能说hope sb.to do sth.。wish也可以用来表示祝愿，它后面可以接双宾语，而hope则不能。如：They all wished me good luck in the new year.(这句话中的wish不能用hope替换。)

2.I'm sorry to hear that.意为"听到这件事我很难过。"当听到别人发生不幸或不愉快的事情时，常用该句表示安慰，以示同情。句中的that指代刚谈到的事情，不能改为it。

3.exercise作"运动；锻炼"讲时，是不可数名词，do／take exercise＝do sport意为"进行运动；锻炼身体"。如：Every morning I get up at seven I do some exercise and have a light breakfast.(我每天早上七点钟起床，锻炼一下身体，然后吃早饭。)当exercise作"做操，练习"讲时，它是可数名词。如：do morning／eye exercises做早操／眼保健操

4.动词enjoy，finish，mind后面要接名词、代词或v-ing形式作宾语，不接动词不定式。如：When did they finish packing?Do you enjoy living here？

5.Good luck!意为"祝走运；祝顺利"，是祝愿用语，当后面跟某物时，要用介词with，当后面跟某人时，介词要用to。如：Good luck with your English.祝你英语学习顺利。Good luck to you.祝你好运。

6.英语中为避免重复，常用助动词do(有时态和人称的变化)代替上文中的动词。如：Who else often asked the memory robot ?-Susan did.

7.marry是及物动词，表示"与谁结婚"可直接接宾语，不必接介词with。如：John is going to marry Kate next week.

8.What's the weather like...?意为"??的天气怎么样？"是询问天气情况的常用句型，相当于How is the weather ...?回答时可用表示天气的形容词。如：hot,cold,warm, windy,rainy,cloudy等。如：-What's the weather like in Sydney now?-It's hot.

9.表示"风大"要用strong，表示"雨大""雪大"要用heavy或hard，不能用big。如：There will be a strong wind to the north of the Huai River.The snow will be very heavy in some places.

10.forget to do sth.意为"忘记要做某事"(此事未做)，forget doing sth.意为"忘记做过某事"(此事做了，但忘记了)。remember to do sth.与remember doing sth.与此类似。

11.否定疑问句通常用来表示惊讶、责备、反问等语气，其答语与肯定形式的一般疑问句一样，即yes后要用肯定形式，no后面要用否定形式。只不过否定疑问句答语中的yes要译作"不"，而no要译作"是的"，这一点与汉语有区别。如：-Didn't you know?你不知道吗？-No, I didn't.是的，我不知道。

12.how long意为"多久；多长"常用来询问做某事持续多久或某物有多长；how often意为"多久一次；每隔多久"常用来询问做某事的频率；how soon意为"还要多久"常用来询问某事还要多久才发生；how far意为"多远"，常用来问距离。

13.help yourself to...意为"请随便吃／用??"。yourself的复数形式为

yourselves。如：Help yourselves to some fruit,children .孩子们，请随便吃水果。