小学六年级英语总结 英语语法

一、疑问代词和特殊疑问句

a 疑问代词

1) what 什么 2)when 什么时候 3)who 谁 4)whose谁的 5) where哪里 6)why 为什么 7)which 哪一个 8) how 怎样，什么方式

b 特殊疑问句

1) What are you doing? I’m reading a book.

What colour is it? It’s yellow.

What time is it? What’s the time? It’s 5 o’clock.

2) When is your birthday? It’s in October./It’s October 15th .

3) Who has a birthday in October? Mike.

4) Whose birthday is in October? Mike’s

5) Where do you go every weekend? I often go to the library.

6) Why do you like winter. Because I can make a snowman.

7) Which season do you like best? I like winter best.

8) How many books are there in the school bag? There are 14.

How much is the toy bear? It’s 100 yuan.

How old is the young man? He’s 24.

How tall is the young man? He’s 180cm.

How heavy is the young man? He’s 75kg.

How do you go to school everyday? I go (to school) on foot.

二、一般现在时基本用法介绍

标志 “usually, often, sometimes，every day/week/month/year?”

（1）一般现在时的构成

其他人称 动词用原形

第三人称（he/she/it）变化比较特殊:

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：do-does go-goes guess-guesses wash-washes watch-watches

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies fly-flies

4．特殊情况：have---has

三、现在进行时. 标志“now”.

1.含义：现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。

2.形式： be(am/is/are) + 动词ing

a.陈述句

I am (not) doing my homework now.

You/We/They are (not) reading.

He/She/It is (not) eating.

b.一般疑问句

Is he/she/it eating? Yes, he/she/it is (eating). No, he/she/it is not (eating). Are you/they reading. Yes, we/they are. No, we/they aren’t.

c.特殊疑问句

What are you/they doing now?

What is he/she/it doing?

3.动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking walk-walking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, take-taking

3．如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母(重读闭音节)，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping，swim-swimming.

4．注意：以y结尾的动词变为现在分词，y不需要改变，直接加ing.

如：playing staying

四、一般将来时

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。

表示将来的时间：

this morning（今天早上）/afternoon/evening /tonight

tomorrow morning（明天早上）/afternoon/evening

next week（下周）/Monday /weekend?

next month（下个月）/January /February?

next year（明年） 2013（将来的某个时间）?

二、基本结构：

①am/ is/are going to + 动词原形

②will+ do（动词原形）.

1. 陈述句：

I’m/ She’s/ He’s/ They’re going to Beijing.

I’m/ She’s/ He’s/ They’re going to read a book.

I’m/ She’s/ He’s/ They’re going tomorrow.

I’m/ She’s/ He’s/ They’re going by bus.

2. 一般疑问句：

Is she/ he going to Beijing?

Are you/ they going to read a book?

Is she/he going tomorrow?

Are you/ they going by bus?

3. 特殊疑问句：

a. Where（哪里） are you going? Where is he/she going?

I’m / She’s/ He’s going to ?（地点/做的事情）

b. What are you going to do? What is she/he going to do?

I’m she’s/ He/s going to.. 我/她/他打算去?（活动）

c. When（什么时候） are you going? When is she/ he going?

I’m / She’s/ He/s going? （时间）

d. How（怎样） are you going? How is she/ he going?

I’m/She’s/ He’s going?（交通方式）

4、同义句：am/is/are going to = will

I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.

五、一般过去时

1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

2.表示过去的时间：

last month上个月/week/year/weekend/Monday /night昨天晚上

yesterday昨天/morning/afternoon/evening

the day before yesterday前天

before 以前

just now刚才

3.be(am/is/are) 动词的过去式:

a.陈述句I/He/she/it was(not)?. You/we/they were(not)?.

b.一般疑问句was, were 放在句首。

Was he/she a student last year? Yes, he/she was. No.he/she was’t.

Were you/they in Shanghai yesterday? Yes,we/they were. No, we/they weren’t. c.特殊疑问句：

Where was he/she/it last year? He/she/it was in Hong Kong.

Where were you/they yesterday evening? We/They were in Shanghai.

4. 动词过去式：

a.陈述句：肯定句： I/he/she/we/you/they went shopping yesterday.

否定句：I/he /she/we/you/they didn’t go shopping yesterday.

b.一般疑问句： Did you go shopping last night? Yes, I/we did. No, I /we didn’t. Did she/he/they clean the room just now? Yes, she/he/they did. No, she/he/they didn’t.

c.特殊疑问句：

Where did you go on your holiday?

What did you do there?

How did you go there?

When did you go there?

Who did you go with?

5.动词过去式的变化：

a.规则动词的变化：

1).大部分动词 +ed planted, watered, climbed, visited

2)以不发音的e结尾的动词 +d liked danced

3)以辅音字母 +y 结尾的动词 去y+ied eg : study—studied

4) 末尾以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母的重读闭音节动词，双写最后一个辅音字母+ed : stop –stopped

6.不规则动词的过去式

如：am/is-was are-were go-went get-got do-did have/has-had read-read fly-flew sing-sang run-ran buy-bought see-saw take-took make-made eat-ate swim-swam drink-drank say-said, give-gave, get-got， come-came, put-put, write-wrote, draw-drew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept， sit-sat throw-threw

六、形容词比较级

1、比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。

2．形容词加er的规则：

⑴一般在词尾加er ；older taller longer stronger,

⑵以字母e 结尾，加r ；nice-nicer

⑶以一个元音字母和一个辅音字母结尾(重读闭音节)，应双写末尾的辅音字母，再加er ；bigger fatter

⑷以“辅音字母+y”结尾，先把y变i，再加er heavier, earlier funnier

3．不规则形容词比较级：

beautiful-more beautiful Well/good-better many/much-more

4.句子结构 主语+am/is/are+比较级+than+宾语（比较对象）

I am taller than you.

He(Mike)/she(Sarah)/ is shorter than you. It（the bear）is heavier than the dog. You/they(John and Mike) are thinner than me.

七、可数词的复数形式

大部分+ s a book –books

“辅音+y”形式结尾 去y+ ies a story—stories

以s, sh, ch or x结尾 + es a glass—glasses a watch-watches

以o结尾 +s 或 +es a piano—pianos a mango—mangoes a tomato—tomatoes 以f 或fe结尾 去f 或fe +ves a knife –knives a shelf-shelves

八、不可数名词(单复数形式不变)

bread, rice, water , juice beef fish

九、介词:

on, in , in front of, between, next to, near, beside, at, behind. 表示时间： at six o’clock, at Christmas, at breakfast

on Monday on July 15th On National Day

in the evening in December in winter

十、基数词和序数词

one – first two-second three-third five-fifth eight-eighth nine-ninth twelve-twelfth twenty-twentieth

十一、there be 结构

肯定句： There is a village /an egg/some water on the desk.

There are many/some/4 apples.

一般疑问句:Is there ?? Yes, there is./ No, there isn’t.

Are there?? Yes, there are. /No, there aren’t.

否定句： There isn’t ?. There aren’t?.

一般现在时用法专练:

一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________

look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____

come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

study_______ brush________ do_________ teach_______

二、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. Daniel and Tommy _______(be) in Class One.

3. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

4. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

5. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

6. They _______(have) the same hobby.

7. You always _______(do) your homework well.

8. I _______(be) ill. I’m staying in bed.

9. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

10. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

11.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But yesterday was He ______________ (go) to school by bus.

三、按照要求改写句子

1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

___________________________

4. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

5. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答)

________________________________________________________

四、单项选择。

( ) 1.They ____ climbing mountains.

A. like B. likes C. liking

( ) 2.Tom and Jack _____ some reading every day.

A. do B. does C.doing

( ) 3.My brother_____ hard.

A. study B. studys C. studies

( ) 4.Joe doesn’t _____ any money now.

A. have B. has C. having

( ) 5.Tom’s English teacher _____ him questions very often.

A. ask B. asks C. asking

( ) 6.Mike often ______ exercise on Thursday afternoon.

A. takes B. is talking C. is going to take

rainy.

现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play________ run__________ swim _________make__________

go_________ write________ ski___________ read________

have_________ sing ________ dance_________ put_________

see________ buy _________ love____________ live_______

take_________ come ________ get_________

stop_________ sit ________ begin________ shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1. The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen！Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look！They _______________( have) an English lesson .

6. They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

7. Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

8. Everyone in my family_________ (be) busy now. But my brother ____________(play) with the cat.

9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now.

10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

11.What are they doing? They (shop).

12.Don't talk. We (have) a lesson.

(wash) clothes.

三、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

__________________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________

2．I am reading an interesting book now. (分别改为一般疑问句和否定句)

_________________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________

3．对划线部分提问)

__________________________________________________________________________

四、单项选择：

( ) 1、Mary and May ______ exercise under the tree now.

A. take B. are taking C. taking

( ) 2、______the children visiting the museum now?

A. Are B. Do C. Can

( ) 3、Look, the children ______ in the park.

A. are having fun B. is having fun C. are going to have fun

( ) 4、The boys ________________ in the river now.

A. swim B. are swimming C. swimmed

( ) 5、Look! The woman over there ______________ at you.

A. looking B. are looking C. looks

一般将来时练习：

一、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Today is a sunny day. We ___________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

2.Tom often ______________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He ______________ (go) to school by bike.

3. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects.

4. It’s Friday today. What _____she _________ (do) this weekend? She ______________ (watch) TV and _____________ (catch) insects.

5. What ___________ (do) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ______________ (do) next Sunday? I ______________ (visit) my grandma.

6. I ________________ (plan) for my study now

7． Mary ______________ (visit) her grandparents next Monday.

8．I ______________ (leave) for Shanghai tomorrow evening.

9．Today is a sunny day. We ______________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

二、根据汉语填空。

1. ---下个星期一你打算去干嘛?

---我想去打篮球。

(1)---What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday?

---I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.

(2)---What _________ you do next Monday?

---I ________ play basketball.

2. ---你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？

---是，她要去买一些水果。

---_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?

---Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

3. 你们打算什么时候见面?

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

4. 玛丽下周一要去看她的外祖父母。

Mary _______ ____________ _______ ___________ her grandparents next Monday.

5. 明天晚上我要去上海。

I ________ _________ for Shanghai tomorrow evening.

三、改句子。

1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

2. I’m going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

3. Tom will go to Shanghai with his friends tomorrow. (改为同义句)

Tom _______ ___________ ______ Shanghai with his friends tomorrow.

4. They will play football next Sunday. (改为一般疑问句)

_______ they __________ football next Sunday?

5. Are you going to wash your clothes tonight? (做肯定和否定回答)

__________________________________________________________________

一般过去时练习

一、写出下列动词的过去式

is\am_________ fly_______ plant________ are ________

drink_________ play_______ go________ make ________

does_________ dance________ worry________ ask _____

taste_________ eat__________ draw________ put ______

throw________ kick_________ pass_______ do ________

二、Be动词的过去时练习

1、用be动词的适当形式填空

1） I _______ at school just now.

2） He ________ at the camp last week.

3） We ________ students two years ago.

4） They ________ on the farm a moment ago.

5） Yang Ling ________ eleven years old last year.

6） There ________ an apple on the plate yesterday.

7） The mobile phone _______ on the sofa yesterday evening.

8） Today _____ the second of June. Yesterday ______ the first of June.

It _____ Children’s Day. All the students ______ very excited.

9） The kite _____________ (be) broken last week.

10）It ______ (be) a rainy day yesterday.

2、句型转换

1） It was exciting.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2） All the students were very excited.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

3） They were in his pocket.

否定句：________________________________________________

一般疑问句：____________________________________________

肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

三、行为动词的过去时练习

1、用行为动词的适当形式填空

1） The cat ________ (eat) a bird last night.

2） We _______ (have) a party last Halloween.

3） Nancy ________ (pick) up oranges on the farm last week.

4） They ________ (play) chess in the classroom last PE lesson.

5） My mother _______ (cook) a nice food last Spring Festival.

6） The girls ________ (sing) and _______ (dance) at the party.

7) _________ you (go) to the cinema last night?

8) Ben and his cousin (catch) some insects in the park yesterday.

9) They (fly) kites last weekend.

2、句型转换

1） Nancy went to school early.

否定句：________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：____________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：__________________________________________

2）I did my homework very late last night.

否定句：__________________________________________________ 一般疑问句：________________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：________________________________________________

3) They planted a lot of trees last weekend.

否定句：_________________________________________________

一般疑问句：___________________________________________________ 肯、否定回答：___________________________________________________

比较级练习

一)、写出下列形容词或副词的比较级

old__________ young________ tall_______ long________ short________ strong________ big________ small_______ fat_________ thin__________ heavy______ light________ nice_________ good_________ beautiful__________________ low__________ high_________ slow_______ fast________ late__________ early_________ far_________ well_______

二)、根据句意填入单词的正确形式：

1. My brother is two years __________(old)than me.

2. Is your sister __________(young) than you? Yes,she is.

3. Who is ___________(thin),you or Helen? Helen is.

4. Whose pencil-box is __________(big),yours or hers? Hers is.

5.My eyes are __________(big) than ________ (she)..

6.Which is ___________(heavy),the elephant or the pig?

三)、翻译句子：

1．我母亲比我父亲年纪小。

My_____ _____ ______than my ______.

2、谁比Jim年纪大？是你。

________ is _________than Jim？ ________ are

2、Gao Shan比David更强壮。

Gao Shan________ _________ than David.

3.我的铅笔比他的更长

My pencil ________ ________ _________ his.

4、弟弟的苹果比妹妹的更重，

Brother’s apples ________ ________ _________sisiter’s.

5.我的连衣裙太短了。我想买一条大点的。

My dress_____ too_____. I want to _____a______one.