常用口语及习惯用语总结[1]

常用口语及习惯用语总结

be tied up with / have one’s hands full with=be busy with 忙于做某事 a big headache=having difficulty in doing sth 让人头

痛的事情 beyond one’s ability 没有能力做到 pull one’s leg / put sb on 拿某人开玩笑 feel like=be fond of =be one’s cup of tea 喜欢做某事 be familiar with be familiar to feel at home in 熟悉于做某事 on the tip of one’s tongue=slip one’s mind 忘记了 catch / follow me / grab / understand 理解 be fed up with 厌倦 cannot bear / cannot stand 忍受不了 put up with 忍受 feel blue 心情不好 ask for the moon 异想天开 make a living 谋生 make the best / most use of 充分利用 cry in one’s beer 借酒消愁

cost sb. an arm and leg 代价巨大

doesn’t hold water 没有道理，讲不通 be dying to 渴望做某事 die I cannot agree more /better 我完全同意。

You are the last man I want to see 你是我最不想见的人。 You’ve got me 你把我难倒了。 You lose the point 你弄错了。 I cannot complain 我感觉好些了。

back up 支持

ahead of schedule 提前 behind schedule 迟到了

bring sb up to date=help sb catch up 让某人知道…最近的进展 keep pace with 跟…齐步前进

rain cats and dogs=rain heavily leave alone 不管，不理会 give sb a hand with 帮助某人做某事 give sb a big hand 为某人鼓掌 ahead of time=schedule 提前 around the clock 夜以继日 stay up to late 熬夜 run out of oil 没有油了

agree with 同意

put up with 忍受 bear stand pick sb up 用车接某人

put sb up 给某人提供住宿 make it 成功做到

come to come up with an idea 提出想法 make sense of = understand 理解出 my treat 我请客

go Dutch 各付各自帐单AA count on = cry on one’s shoulder 依靠某人 shake all over 全身颤抖，害怕 flat tyre 车胎漏气 spare tyre 备用胎 sell out 卖光 top best sellers out of print （书等）绝版 out of stock 脱销 keep an eyes on 注意某事或某人 keep one’s ears open 提高警惕 used to do 过去常常做 get used to sth or doing sth习惯做 总结: 交际口语惯用短语

Phrases of Spoken English agree with: The sea food doesn’t agree with me. 同意；适合；一致

all the same: Tony’s little brother is naughty, but I like him all the same. 仍然 amazing: 很棒的, 精彩的, 令人吃惊的 a melting pot 大融炉

a mess: It is in a mess, messy 一团糟 反义：in

order and how: Jenny’s an excellent dancer. B: and how? 我同意 （I agree）

any time: Call me any time. rent an apartment: apartment—hunting 租公寓 apply for a job/ citizenship 身份

be around: Somebody hasn’t been around these days. 在附近；他这几天都不在 a sore feet/ throat 脚疼/嗓子疼 at a loss: I am at a loss for words. 不知所措 at the scene: Policeman found a revolver（左轮手枪）at the scene. 在现场 current issue 当今热点 beat about the bush. 旁敲侧击

Before long: It wasn’t long before. My husband will be back here before long. 1

behind schedule: The train seems to be behind schedule. 晚点 bent on/upon: Are you bent on going abroad ? 一心

一意要；决心…致力于

beyond compare: Her performance yesterday is beyond compare．绝佳；极好；无与伦比

be bound to do sth. 肯定；必然；注定 break down: car 坏了 by and large: By and large, he is a kind man. 大

体上；基本上 by no means: I am by no means pleased with him． 绝不 call it a day: Let’s call it a day 决定或同意；暂时或永久停止（进行某事物） call off: I had to call our appointment off the trip． 取消 call on: Weren’t you nervous when the professor call on you in class? 拜访；叫 carry away: Don’t be carried away by his praise. 是激动而失去自制力 come out of the accident alive 大难不死 come up: New designs are coming up do you have a math …? 出来，长出，发芽 correspondence course 函授课程

crash into：I saw the car crash into the trunk 撞上 cut out: I am not cut out to be a scientist. 天生适

合做某事

doze off: The class is so boring that I can’t help dozing off. 打瞌睡

drop by/ in on somebody: Would you drop by the lab for a minute? 顺便走访 extend from…to 延展，伸展，扩大

faculty members 全体人员

feel free to do something: Feel free to ask questions. 无需拘束；心安理得

figure out: I am trying to figure out how to work on the machine． 想出

find fault with somebody 埋怨；挑剔；找毛病

got a flat tyre 车胎没气了 for one’s own good/ benefit 为了某人的利益

get one’s promotion 得到提拔 get over: I am just getting over my cold 忘却／

病愈 give somebody a lift 搭车 go on a diet 节食 go up: The cost is going up every where． 上涨

hand over: Hand over the check. 交出；移交；让与

have an appointment with somebody have done with: Have you done with the book? 看完（finish）

have one’s hands full: I already have my hands full with the book report. 活忙 hold up: Jenny’s car was held up in traffic. 耽搁

Ill at ease: You won’t feel ill at ease any more. 不安的 Just about: I don’t know what to get for your father, he has just about everything.几乎，正是 Keep in good order 保持好的秩序 Kill time 消磨时间 Be laid off： 下岗 Leave for: The train is going to leave for Shanghai． Lose weight 减肥 In person: Face to face 亲自

Mark/ grade/ score the papers 评卷 Meet one’s needs 满足…要求 In good mood 心情好 In full view of: She lives in a house in full view of trees. 在…完全看得见的地方

In moderation: Alcohol in moderation is good for heart． 适量

I ‘d love to, but… I don’t imagine/ guess/ suppose: I don’t imagine you have interest in the lecture. 我不认为

If I were you, I’d … If only: if only we hadn’t spent so much money on our vacation this year. 要是…就好了

I hope … as…as: These apples seem to be in season I hope they are as good as they look. In the mood to do something 有心情做…

It is advisable to do: It is advisable to discourage tourism at this time of the year. 明智的,可取的

It is high time sb did something: it is high time we turned our attention to the danger of drunk driving 是做某事的时候了

It is no bother to somebody: you are always staying late. B: It is no bother to me．（It doesn’t matter to me.）

I’ve never seen a better one than that: (That’s the best one.) 反义: worse I would not have missed it for anything 我一定去 It won’t make any difference to them. 对某人没有影响, 不起作用

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Mistake/take somebody for somebody else 错把…当作…

Never fail to do : he never fails to write a weekly letter home. 从不例外

Nothing but: Only. We sell nothing but the best. 正是（just）

Now and then: From time to time. She comes to see us now and then. 不时；时常

Now that: Now that you are sick, you’d better stay in bed. 既然

Optional courses 选课

Or so : It is about a month or so. 大约

Out of question: no problem （out of the question不行；免谈）

Room and board fee 膳宿费 Run out of something. 短缺

Senior citizen 老年人（尤指退休老人） Shake all over 颤抖

Sharp: it is nine o’clock sharp 整 Slip one’s mind: forget

Something like: somewhere/ around. 500$ 大约 So what? I am tired of working here. 那又怎么样呢？

Take after somebody. 相似；相像 Take my word: believe me when I say

There’s nothing like: Nothing is more important than. There is nothing like good relationship Want ad． 招聘广告

Would something do? Would a pen do? …就可以吗？

You bet: I guess you are interested in the job. B: you bet I am. （of course, sure） Chase after rainbow 白日做梦 Common sense 常识

Cry over spilled milk 后悔已晚

Cross the bridge when one comes to it． 待到问题出现时再设法解决不迟

Be fed up with: tired of I am fed up with my job Have the final say: 做最后决定 In season 正是…的季节 Lose face 丢脸

Lose heart 灰心；气馁

Leave word with somebody 给某人留句话 Rack one’s brains 绞尽脑汁；苦苦动脑筋 Rain cats and dogs 下大雨

Think twice before you leap 三思后行

Under the weather （sick） Walls have ears 隔墙有耳

I ‘am in a mess/ at sea/ in the dark/all sixes and sevens 迷茫；迷惑

Prefer…to/ far better than/ no one can parallel sb/in contrast to / can not match

I couldn’t agree with you more 同意

117. It is nothing like what I have imagined 不时我想象的

118. The young man is by no means polite (not at all) 119. You can never be too careful while crossing the street 尽量小心

120. Not once did I see him make a mistake 他从不犯错

121. Under no circumstances 绝不，在任何情况下都不

常见习惯用语  （二） 正误辨析 

［误］ - What can I do for you? - Yes， please help me 

［正］ - What can I do for you? - I'd like to buy a sweater 

［析］ What can I do for you? 这一问语实际上用于的情景很多，要根据具体情况而定。如在商店中售货员讲这句话应译为：您想要点什么?在其他场合也可以被译为：我能为您做些什么?它的答语应是直接讲出想让对方提供的帮助。

［误］ - Which color do you like? - Sorry， I don't like 

［正］ - Which color do you like? - I prefer blue 

［析］ 由 which 来提问的问句是要回答具体的选择，而不能泛指，泛泛的回答。如 Yes， I like it ［误］ Do you like to come with us tonight?  ［正］ Would you like to come with us tonight

［析］ Do you like … 问的是对方的习惯，如： Do you like swimming? Do you like collecting stamps? 而 would you like … 则是一次性的邀请、提议。邀请的英语表达法还有如下几种： Shall we go? 我们走吧! Let's go? 让我们走吧!

How about having a cup of tea? 喝杯茶如何?

What about a cup of coffee 喝杯咖啡如何?

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Why not buy it? 为什么不买呢? 其肯定答语一般为Certainly，Yes，OＫ． All right， With pleasure

［误］ Sorry， I've kept you waiting. Not at all. 

［正］ Sorry， I've kept you waiting. Never mind. 

［析］ "介意不介意"这一问法与答语在中英文中有所不同。如：

- Do you mind my smoking here?- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 

Ａ． Yes， do it please Ｂ． No， of course not Ｃ． Yes， take it please Ｄ． No， you can't take it 这时正确的选择应是B。 其意为：不介意，当然不。而A选项则自相矛盾了，它应译为：是的我介意，请抽吧。而D选项是：不介意，你不能抽。当向对方争求意见时，可以有以下问法： Do you mind if I open the door?

Would you mind mailing the letter for me 其答语如果是同意应为： Certainly not， not at all 而不同意时应为 Yes， 或 I'm sorry ［误］ What's that man? He is Mike  ［正］ What's that man? He is a teacher  ［正］ Who's that man?

He is Mike(He is Mike's father) ［析］ 由 what 提问是问的职业，由 who 提问问的是姓名或身份。

［误］ I'm sorry， but is this the way to the park?  ［正］ Excuse me， but is this the way to the park?  ［析］ I'm sorry 是对已经做错了的事向对方道歉时的开始语。而 Excuse me 是在打扰对方之前表达歉意的话。

［误］ - Have a good time tonight! - You are the same 

［正］ - Have a good time tonight! - The same to you  ［析］ The same to you 是表达我也祝您有个愉快的夜晚，它是美语中的习惯用法。 ［误］ - What's the problem? - I've got a headache 

［正］ What's wrong with you? I've got a headache 

［析］ What's wrong with you? 是询问对方身体状

态如何，而 What's the problem?是问对方遇到了什么麻烦。 ［误］ - Now， I'm back. Can I play?- Perhaps. You'd better do your homework first.  ［正］ - Now， I'm back.Can I play?- I'm afraid not.You'd better do your homework first.  ［析］ Perhaps 是表示对一种拿不准的事态的推论，如： Am I right? Perhaps而 I'm afraid not则表达一种不同意的态度。 be afraid 的几种用法有： I'm afraid that you are right 其后直接加宾语从句。

- Will you come to my birthday party?

- I'm afraid not. I have to go to see my father. He is in hospital

其后＋not，表示否定。

- Sorry， I don't want to go there alone， I'm afraid of the dog

其后＋名词，表示对某人，某物的害怕。

Mary is afraid of making mistakes in the exam其后＋ of ＋ 动名词，表示害怕做某事。

Mary is afraid to see the teacher because she didn't do well in the exam其后＋ 不定式，表示不敢去做某事。

［误］ - How soon will you be ready?- Two days 

［正］ - How soon will you be ready? - In two days 

［析］ 此题关键是要根据情景，身临其境，要注意的是对方问了什么，就应答什么。或答了什么就应问什么。 How soon 问的是"还有多久才能作完"，这时要用 in two days， 即在两小时之内即可以作完。如用 How long 提问，则答语可以用 two days。

［误］ - Would you mind if I have some time off? - I don't mind

- Monday and Tuesday of next week 

［正］ - Would you mind if I have some time off? - When exactly

- Monday and Tuesday of next week  ［析］ 有的对话是复杂的，稍有不慎就有可能选错，而且英语中如选错了答案是不容易找出错来的。 I don't mind 是可以用来回答 Would you mind…这一提问的，但如仔细看一看则会发现我们要选用的不是陈述句而是疑问句。根据下面一句的答语来判定要用 when exactly? 什么时间，这样才能与下句中

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具体的时间相符合。

［误］ Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be "Who are you?" 

［正］ Suppose your name is Tom. The phone rings and you pick it up. The first word you say will probably be "Hello? This is Tom speaking?"  ［析］ 在英语学习中，习惯用法实际上在某种情况，或某种意义上讲比语法更为重要。如果只从句子的角度上去分析，它们可能都是对的。比如，当你拿起电话时，如果你想知道对方是谁，可以问"Who's that(speaking)?"但不要讲"Who are you?"如果你想先介绍一下自己可以讲"This is ×××× speaking"而不要讲"I'm ××××"也不要讲"My name is ×××××．" 就语法而论，"Who are you?" "I'm ××××""My name is ×××××"并不错，也是英语中可用的句子，但就打电话这一场合，就不宜用了。

［误］ - Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend?

- I don't hope so 

［正］ - Do you think it's going to rain over the weekend? - I hope not  ［析］ 由于初学者对实际英语口语中表达感情意愿的答语不熟悉，如在肯定答语中 I think so I hope so I believe so 是相同的，但在否定句中却常用 I don't think so 但I don't believe so 和 I don't hope so 则意为：我不信此事和我不希望此事发生。而 I believe not 和 I hope not 则为：我想可能不会发生吧!

［误］ - Your handwriting is very good!- No， my handwriting is very poor［正］ - Your handwriting is very good!- Thank you 

［析］ 中国人遇到别人称赞，总是以谦逊为美德。但英美人则往往认为自信是美德。所以当别人夸奖你或赞美你时，就应说： Thank you 又比如中国人见面时常讲 Where are you going? 或 Have you had your breakfast yet?而英美人则认为你过多的干预别人的私生活了。而他们见面时往往问一些无关紧要的话，如： Hello! How are you going? (你过得怎样) Morning! 等。而 good morning 和 How do you do 则被认为是较正规的问候语，在日常生活中则十分少见。

［误］ When you have had dinner with an American friend and want to leave you may say： "Excuse me I'll go first［正］ When you have had dinner with an

American friend and want to leave you may say： "Excuse me I have to go" 

［析］ 这两句答语都是正确的，其关键不是语法，而是习惯问题。如果在这样的场合你讲 I'll go first 朋友们会迷惑不解，而 I have to go 则表示由于外界的特殊原因而造成的你要离去，而你本人则十分不愿做此事。 ［误］ - Would you like to come to dinner tonight?- I'd like to， and I'm too busy 

［正］ - Would you like to come to dinner tonight? - I'd like to， but I'm too busy 

［析］ I'm too busy 与 I'd like to 在意义上正好相反。所以要用转折连词。这里考查了对词义合乎逻辑的表达能力。所以要强调语言环境，更要强调在语言的基础上的词语辨析。 （三） 例题解析 

1 - Would you like to have some rice?- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A. Yes， I like B. Yes， please C. of course D. Yes， I have 

［答案］ B.

［析］ 当对方对你发出邀请的问语时，如果你想接受则讲 Yes， please 如不想接受则用No， thanks

2 - Nice to see you

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A. Good morning B. Happy to meet you， too C. Nice to see you， too D. Pleased to meet you， too 

［答案］ C.

［析］ 虽然A、B、D三个选项都可以作为某种问候语的答语，但英语中问候语的答语多用重复对方的话，以表达同样的心情。

3 - Would you please give me some water? - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A. Yes， I would B. Certainly C. No， thanks D. Yes， please 

［答案］ B.

［析］ 当对方发出十分礼貌的请求帮助的问语时，一般的回答是肯定的。而Yes， please 为"是的，您请做某事吧"。这一含意显然不对。

4 - Thank you very much for helping me- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A You're welcome B It doesn't matter

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C No need D Don't say that 

［答案］ A.

［析］ You're welcome 译为中文为：不用谢。而 It doesn't matter 则为：没关系。

5- Oh， I am not feeling well.I've got a cold - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿  A Fine， How are you?

B Never mind Take care 

C Well， I 'm sure to get well soon． D. I'm sorry to hear that 

［答案］ D.

［析］ 这是美国、英国的习惯用语，而B、 C则是中国人常讲的答语。

6 - Meimei you speak English very well - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A No， I don't think so B Thank you very much C Not good enough D That's all right 

［答案］ B. 

7 - Could you look after Polly for me while we're away?

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 

A. No， thanks． B. With pleasure．  C. I'm not afraid．D. I'm sure you will． 

［答案］ B. ［析］ With pleasure 是英语中的一句十分客气的答语，用在当对方因你的帮助或你的许诺向你道谢时，表达自己十分乐意为对方效力的口气。 8 - Hello! Could I speak to the headmaster， please?

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿  AHold on， please．

BThat's the headmaster， please．  CWho are you ? please．

DSorry I'm not the headmaster． 

［答案］ A.

［析］ hold on， please 是指请对方等一等不要将电话放下的用语。如果要讲我就是的话不能用 that， 而要用 this， 在电话用语中 that 指对方，

this 指自己。9- I'm sorry I don't know the way， either. You'd better ask that policeman for help - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 

A. Good night． B. That's nothing．  C. Very well．D. Thank you all the same． 

［答案］ D.

［析］ 当向对方求助时，对方无能为力，这时的感谢语则为 Thank you all the same 意为不管如何还是要谢谢你。

10 - I fell and hurt my leg last week， So I can't do anything.

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A I'm sorry B Don't worry C Good luck D Bad luck 

［答案］ D. ［析］ 如果用A则要用 I'm sorry to hear that而不能单用 I'm sorry 因I'm sorry 是向对方道歉。而 bad luck 为真是不幸啊。

11 - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿  - I have got a cough

A. What's your trouble? B. What have you got? C. Why did you come here? D. Have you got a cough? 

［答案］ A.

［析］ What's your trouble? 多用于问对方有什么问题、麻烦或得了什么病。这种用语还有 What's wrong with you?

12 - What's the weather like today!- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ 

A It's nice for a walk． B I like autumn best of all． C It will be fine tomorrow． D It's rather cold today． 

［答案］ D.

［析］ 本题要注意问的是什么，不要所问非所答。因问题是今天的天气怎样，所以只能选D 13 - How is your mother? - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿  A She is old．

B She is no better than she was．  C She is kind hearted．

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D She is in her forties． 

［答案］ B.

［析］ How is your mother? 问的是你妈身体如何，而B选项则是"她不比以前强"。而其他三个选项则是所问非所答。

14 When someone did a good deed for you， you should say ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A you are too good

B It's very kind of you  C you are very kind D I'll thank you 

［答案］ B.

15 - I am very sorry I am late for dinner  - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A. No， you aren't B. That's all right C. Yes， you are D. No， you don't 

［答案］ B.

［析］ That's all right 没关系。 16 - I'm sorry if I hurt you - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A. I'm sorry B. It's not true  C. It doesn't matter D. Don't say sorry 

［答案］ C.

17 - I should have gone to see the exhibition with you 

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A I'm sorry B What a pity 

C It doesn't matter to me D That's terrible 

［答案］ B.

［析］ What a pity. 真遗憾。第一句应为我真该和你一起去展览会。

18 - Mum， I have passed the exam - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A That's all right B Congratulations C You are luck D Good luck to you 

［答案］ B.

19- I think I have to leave. I hope we can get together again

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A All right

B That's all right C OK

D I hope so， too 

［答案］ D.

20. Must I wait till he comes back?  A. No， you needn't B. No， you mustn't C. No， you may not D. No， you can't 

［答案］ A.

［析］ must 提问表示必须这样做吗?而肯定句要用 must， 表示必须做，而否定句则要用 needn't 表示没有必要做。

21- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ I pay you the house rent right away?

- Yes， you have to do it

A. Shall B. Way C. Must D. Have ［答案］ C.

22- It was cold yesterday - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A. So was it B. So it was C. I believe not so D. I believe not ［答案］ B. ［析］ 当答语只是重复对方讲的话时，则不用倒装。因 so it was即为：是的，天气昨天很冷。而当讲前面讲的动作也适合于另一个人时，则要倒装。如： I went to the cinema yesterday So did I 表示对方去了电影院，我也去了。

23- What do you think of the song?- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A I like music very much B I like it too  C With pleasure D It sounds sweet 

［答案］ D.

［析］ sound 在这里是系动词，为听起来很甜美。系动词后要用形容词，而不要用被动语态。 24 Do you like tea or coffee?＿＿ ． AYes， I do BThank you CThat's fine DEither will do 

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［答案］ D.

［析］ either will do 为两者哪个都可以。 25. He likes travelling by train＿． 

［答案］ B.

［析］ I am afraid 我恐怕是，我想是。31- ＿＿A. So do I B. I dos

C. I like so D. I like it， neither 

［答案］ A.

26- How do you like your school?

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A I like it very much B It's very beautiful C I doesn't like it D Very well 

［答案］ B.

［析］ How do you like … 是问你们学校是怎样值得你热爱的。也就是为什么你热爱你的学校。 27 What a nice day! ＿＿＿＿＿  AYou're right． BNo， isn't it? CYes， isn't it? DReally? 

［答案］ C.

［析］ Yes， isn't it 是的，难道不是个好天气吗?

28 - Hello， ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ? - This is Della speaking

AWho are you BAre you Tom 

CWho is that DPlease tell me who are you 

［答案］ C.

［析］ 电话用语中 that 指对方，而 this 指自己。

29 -What's he like?  - ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． AHe likes English BHe is old 

CHe is like a farmer DHe is tall and this 

［答案］ D.

［析］ 要区分 What's he like? 如 What does he like? 前者为：他长得什么样?而后者是：他喜欢什么。 30How did you do your job? 

Not very well， ＿＿＿＿ ． A I'm sure B I am afraid C Thank you D I'm sorry

＿＿＿ your aunt?

-She is a principal of a middle school A What does B Where does C What is D Whom is ［答案］ C.

32- Could you show me the way to Mr. Buown's office?

- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ．

A Not at all B I'm sure C All right D I can do it 

［答案］ C.

33- Shall we go swimming tomorrow afternoon?- ＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿＿ ． A It's very kind of you B You are so thoughtful  C That's a good idea D Yes， we'll go 

［答案］ C.

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