高考语法 It用法小结

It 用法小结虽不是高考的热点，但这两年全国各省市试题经常出现。我们不能疏忽。 下面是用法20条。 并通过高考试题进行巩固：

1.It is+被强调部分+that

该句型是强调句型，将被强调的放在前面，其他部分置于之后，强调的主语如果是人，可以用来替换，如果把这种句型结构划掉后，应该是一个完整无缺的句子，这也是判断强调句型与其他从句的方法。

It was they that (who) cleaned the classroom yesterday. It was in the street that I met her father.

It was with great joy ___he received the news that his lost daughter had been found. (2004 福建)

A. because B. which C. since D. that (D)

2. It is not until +被强调的部分+ that

该句型译成汉语“直到……才”，可以说是的强调形式。It was not until she took off her dark glasses that I realized she was a film star. =Not until she took off her dark glasses did I realize she was a film star. =I didn’t realize she was a famous film star until she took off her dark glasses.

It was ___back home after the experiment. (2004 湖北)

A. not until midnight did he go

B. until midnight that he didn’t go

C. not until midnight that he went

D. until midnight when he didn’t go (C)

3. It is clear (obvious, true, possible, certain) that….

该句型中it是形式主语，真正的主语是that引导的主语从句，常译为“清楚（显然、真的、肯定）”是主语从句最常见的结构。

It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.

=That he’s round and tall like a tree is very clear.

4. It is important (necessary, right, strange, natural…) that…

该句型和上一句同属一个句型。由于主句中的形容词不同，that后的从句中要用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）should 可以省去。建议记住该句型中的形容词。

It is important that we (should) learn English well.

It is necessary that he (should) remember these words.

5. It is said (reported, learned…) that…

该句型中的it 仍是形式主语，真正的主语是that 引导的主语从句。该结构常译为“据说（据报道，据悉……）

It is said that he has come to Beijing.

It is reported that another earth satellite has been put into orbit.

6. It is suggested (ordered…) that…

该句型和上一句属一个句型。主句中的过去分词是表示请求、建议、命令等词时，that后的从句要用虚拟语气 （should+动词原形）。可以省略，常译为“据建议；有命令……”

It is suggested that the meeting (should) be put off.

It was ordered that we (should) arrive there in two hours.

7. It is a pity (a shame…) that …

在该句型中，that后的从句一般用虚拟语气（should+动词原形），should可以省去，表示出乎意料，常译为“竟然”。没有这种意义时，则不用虚拟语气。

It is a pity that such a thing (should) happen in your class.

这种事竟然发生在你们班上，真是遗憾。

It is a pity that he is ill.

他生病了，真遗憾！

8. It is time (about time, high time) that…

该句型中that后的从句应该用虚拟语气，值得注意的是：常用过去时态表示虚拟，有时也用should+动词原形，should 不能省。常译为“是（正是）……的时候……”

It is time that children should go to bed.

=It is time that children went to bed.

9. It is the first (second, …)time that…

该句型应和上一个句型区别开来。该句型中不用虚拟语气，而用完成时态。至于用哪种完成时态，由主句的谓语动词的时态来决定。如果是一般现在时，从句用现在完成时态；如果是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时态。该结构中that可以省去；it有时用this替换，常译为“是第一（二,…）次…”。

10. It is …since…

该句型主要用作处理瞬间动词的完成时，要和表示一段时间的时间状语连用。主句中是时间作表语，其时态是现在时和完成时，引导的从句通常是一般过去时态，而且是瞬间动词。如果主句是一般过去时，从句则用过去完成时。

It is (has been) 5 years since his father died.

It is almost five years ___we saw each other last time. (2005 北京)

A. before B. since C. after D. when(B)

11. It is …when…

该句型中的when引导的是一个时间状语从句，主句中的it指时间，表语由具体的时间充当。常译为“当……的时候，是……”

It was 5 o’clock when he came here.

12. It be…before…

该句型主句中的it指时间，主句中的时态常是一般将来时或过去时两种时态，主句中的表语多是long ,not long ,3 days, 2 weeks等表示时间段的词和短语。常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”

It was 3 days before he went to Beijing.

It will not be long before he finishes his job.

13. It happens (seems, looks, appears) that…

该句型中的it 是形式主语，that 引导的是主语从句，主句中的happen, seem等词是不及物动词。

It happened (so happened) that he met his teacher in the street. (碰巧……)

It seems that he will be back in a few days. (看来……)

The Foreign Minister said, “___our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.” (2004北京)

A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is (D)

14. It takes sb…to do sth.

该句型中的不定式是真正的主语，是形式主语，句型中的直接宾语是时间。常译为“做……要花费某人……”

It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.

15．It is no good (use) doing sth.

该句型中的真正主语是动名词短语，主句中的表语可以是 no good (not any good), no use (not any use ).

It is no good learning English without speaking English.

16. It doesn’t matter whether…

该句型中的引导的从句是真正的主语，该句型译为“不论（是否）……没关系…… It doesn’t matter whether they are old.

17．It is kind (of sb) to do sth.

该句型中的不定式短语是真正主语，如果不定式的逻辑主语是由of引出，主句中的形容词必须是能表示逻辑主语的形容词。常见的有：bad, brave, careless, clever, cruel, foolish good (好心的),honest, horrible, kind, lazy, modest, naughty, nice (有教养的),polite, rude, silly, stupid ,wise ,wrong等。这个句型可以改写为sb. is kind to do sth.

It is kind of you to stay so =You are kind to say so.

18. It is necessary (for sb) to do sth

该句型与上一句统属一个句型。如果不定式的逻辑主语是由for 引出的，主句的形容词通常是表示重要性，紧迫性，频繁程度，难易，安全等情况的形容词。常见的形容词有：

Important,necessary,natural,easy,safe,common,,normal,hard,difficult,dangerous,unusual,grape, impossible, pleasant.等。

It is important for her to come to the party. =It is important that she (should) come to the party.

19. It looks (seems) as if …

该句型中it 无意义。As if 引导一个状语从句，常译为：“看起来好像……”如果与事实不相符合，则用虚拟语气。

It looks as if he is ill. （真的病了）

It looks as if he was ill. （事实上没有生病）

It seemed as if he was dying.

20. We think it important to learn a foreign language.

该句型中的it作形式宾语。为了记忆方便我们可称该句型为“7123结构”

7指主句中的常用的动词：think, believe, make, find, consider, feel, take.

1指的是形式宾语it .

2指的是宾补的两种形式：形容词和名词

3指的是真正宾语的三种形式：不定式短语，动名词短语或that引导的宾语从句。 We think it our duty to clean our classroom every day.

Xiao Li felt it important learning English well.

They found it difficult that they would finish their work in two days.

-Do you like ____here?

-Oh, yes .The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice. (2004 全国卷二)

A. this B. these C. that D. it (D)

分析：it作形式宾语

高考预测：

1．______that there will be another good harvest this autumn.

A. He is said B. It is said

C. It says D. It was said

2.______ she was free on Monday morning,

A. That happened B. It is happened that

C. It happened to D. It happened that

3.___three years since he joined the army.

A. That is B. It is C. This is D. It was

4. ________is good ___you to have taken good care of your classmates.

A. This; to B. It; for C. That; it D. It; of

5. What a long way ____________!

A. it is B is it C. is that D. This is

6. Does ______matter if I am late for the meeting tomorrow?

A. this B. it C. that D. which

7. ________makes me sick to think of the matter.

A. That B It C. This D. Which

8. The parents will never forget that _____ the doctor __had saved their child’s life.

A. It is; that B. It was; that

c. That is; when D. It was; when

9._____about half past ten ______we got to the station.

A. It is; that B. It was; that

C. That is; when D. It was; when

10. We consider ___our duty helping him.

A. it B. that C. which D. that

答案: 1-5 BDBDA 6-10 BBBDA

 

第二篇：It用法小结及练习

It用法小结及练习

一． 作代词（指天气、温度、时间、距离等或代替前文提到过的事物。）

1. 今天天气晴朗。

2. 今天是星期二。

3. 学校到我家10分钟的步行路程。

4.我有一本字典，它使我聪明。

5 我没有字典，你能借我一本吗？

二. 作形式主语

1. Playing computer games all day long is a waste of time.

=It is a waste of time playing computer games all day long.

2. To learn English well is important for us.

=It is important for us to learn English well.

3. That we students should be kind to others is necessary.

=It is necessary that we students should be kind to others.

总结：it还常用于以下句型中

It is strange/ important/necessary that…(should) do…

It is no use /no good /a waste of time doing sth.

It is/was thought （believed，said，reported）that sb / sth do/ have done…

= sb/sth is/was said to do/ have done…

Exercises1:

1).对我们来说学一门外语是必要的。

2).经常帮助同学她真是太好了。

3).据说杰克已经通过了考试。

Exercises2:

1). Aids is said __ the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area in the

past few years.

A. that it is B. to be

C. that it has been D. to have been

It is said that Aids has been the biggest health challenge to both men and women in that area

in the past few years.

2).The flu is believed _______ by viruses(病毒)that like to reproduce in the cells inside the

human nose and throat.

A. causing B. being caused

C. to be caused D. to have caused

3). ---Is Bob still performing?

---No. He is said __ the stage already as he has become an official.

A. to have left B. to leave

C. to have been left D. to be left

句型总结：It is said that Aids has been the biggest health challenge to…

It is believed that the flu is caused by viruses that---

It is said that he has left the stage already ---

三． it 作形式宾语，常用句型如下：

(think, feel, make, find, believe, consider…) + it + adj./ n. to do/ doing / that…

1) He feels it his duty to help others.

2) We found it impossible to finish the work in a day.

3) We thought it no good working all the time.

4) He made it clear that we shouldn’t break the school rules.

Exercises

1.她发现用英语回答这问题很难。

2.我认为他不去上学是错误的。

四．It 用于强调句：It is/was +(被强调部分)+ that ---.

We read English in the classroom in the morning.

1. It is we that/ who read English in the classroom in the morning.

2. It was English that we read in the classroom in the morning.

3. It is in the classroom that we read English in the morning.

4. It is in the morning that we read English in the classroom.

5. Where is it that we read English in the morning?

Exercises:

1）.直到他完成作业他才出去散步.

2）直到半夜他才停止工作。

四. it 固定短语和常用句型

1. Believe it or not.

2. Don’t mention it.

3. It’s my pleasure.

4. Take it easy.

5. It’s up to you.

6. It all depends.

7. Forget it.

练习

一．单项选择

1. Was it during the Second World War_____ he died?

A. that B. while C. in which D. then

2. Is ____ necessary to complete the design before National Day?

A. this B. that C. it D. he

3. I don't think ____ possible to master a foreign language without much memory work.

A. this B. that C. its D. it

4.Does ______ matter if he can't finish the job on time?

A. this B. that C. he D. it

5. It was not _____ she took off her glasses _____ I realized she was a famous film star.

A. when , that B. until , that C. until , that D. when , then

6. I was disappointed with the film. I had expected ______ to be much better.

A. that B. this C. one D. it

7. It was not until 1920 ______ regular radio broadcasts began.

A. while B. which C. that D. since

8. ______is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.

A. There B. This C. That D. It

9. It was only when I reread this poems recently _____ I began to appreciate their beauty.

A. until B. that C. then D. so

10. I hate _____when people talk with their mouths full.

A. it B. that C .these D. them

11. It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.

A. one B. that C .what D. it

12.I like ___ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.

A. this B. that C. it D. one

13. —Do you like ___ here?

—Oh, yes. The air, the weather, the way of life. Everything is so nice.

A. this B. These C. That D. it

14. We needed a new cupboard for the kitchen. So Peter made ___ from some wood.

A. it B. One C. Himself D. another

15. The foreign Minister said, " _____ our hope that the two sides will work towards peace."

A. This is B. There is C. That is D. It is

16. _____ is reported in the newspaper, talks between the two countries are making progress.

A. It B. As C. That D. What

17. — How often do you eat out?

— ________, but usually once a week.

A. Have no idea B. It depends C. As usual D. Generally speaking

18. We wanted to get home before dark, but it didn't quite _____ as planed.

A. make out B. turn out C. go on D. come up

19. — What do you want to do next? We have half an hour until the basketball game. —________. Whatever you want to do is fine with me.

A. It just depends B. It's up to you C. All right D. Glad to hear that

20. It was ____ back home after the experiment.

A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn't go

C. not until midnight that he went D. until midnight when he didn't go

二．作文训练：请尽可能使用it来翻译下列演讲稿。

老师们，同学们：

今天是星期二，能在此演讲是我的一大荣幸。我的主题是“高三（1）班，我爱你。” 我们的教室在一楼，到操场很方便，大约五分钟的步行路程，所以在业余时间，我们经常去那里锻炼身体。众所周知，一直不停地工作是没好处的。简言之，我爱我的教室。

而且，我也爱我的同班同学。我们认为助人为乐是很重要的。我们都很好学，是每天早上6：30我们在教室读英语或语文，直到晚上9：30我们才离开教室。

总之，信不信由你，高三（1）班是我校最好的班级之一。

参考范文：

Dear teachers and students,

It is Tuesday today. It’s my honor to make a speech here. My topic is “ I Love You,Class1,Grade3.”

My classroom is on the first floor. It is convenient for us to go to the playground. It is about a 5-minute walk, so we often go there to take exercise in our spare time. As we all know, it is no good working without a stop. In a word, I like my classroom.

Besides, I also like my classmates. We think it important to help others. We are hard-working. It is at 6:30 every morning that we read English or Chinese. And it is not until 9:30 that we leave the classroom.

In short, believe it or not, Class1, Grade3 is one of the best classes in our school. That’Thank you.

all.