英语辩论赛常用词汇和表达法汇总

正方pro side     反方con side   计时员timekeeper  

正方一辩the first debater of pro side     反方一辩the second debater of con side   

一辩：first debater   二辩：second debater    对方辩友my fellow debaters

开始的陈词，Honorable judges, distinguished guests, ladies and gentlemen.....

如果想要驳斥对方的逻辑，进行假设：according to your logic

You are missing the point！（你没有说重点！你没有围绕中心！

You just don't understand what we talked about！（你根本就没有明白我们刚说了什么！）

You know what? You are straying from the main point！你知道吗？你已经跑题了！

自由辩论阶段，可以在他在说错的时候，插进去，说“Wait！Wait！You just said……，did you？” You are generalizing what I asked！(你在以偏盖全！即：我要你回答这个，但对方你绕过去了！) Please ask my question！（请不要回避我的问题！请你回答！！）

征求他人观点或意见的用语

I would be glad to hear your opinion of….我很乐意听听你对。。。的看法

Are you of the same opinion as I ?你与我的看法一致吗？

I was wondering where you stood on the question of……我想知道你对。。。。问题怎么看

引入自己的新观点或看法

Another point is that…另一点是。。。。

Another way of looking at it is…….这个问题的另一个看法是

I forget to say/ tell you that…….我忘记要讲。。。。

就自己阐述的观点进行总结时的用语

That’s all I want to say.我想说的就这些了。

Do you agree? I’m sure you agree 你赞同吗？我相信你是赞同的。

礼貌地反对对方观点

I’m not sure really.

Do you think so?

Well, it depends.

I’m not so certain.

I’m not so sure about that.

I’m inclined to disagree with that.

No, I don’t think so really.

强烈反对对方观点

I disagree.   I disgree with you entirely.

I’m afraid I don’t agree.     I;m afraid you are wrong there.

I wouldn’t accept that for one mintue.

You can’t really mean that.    You can’t be serious.

 

第二篇：英语常用词汇的地道表达

开始

Begin, start, begin with, spring, start up, set off on, break out, strike up, originate from,;

Initiate, launch, originate, sprout; unfold; unleash

outset, onset,

Rudimentary, elementary,

出现

Appear, appear to be, emerge, arise, loom, turn out, show up, com out, come into sight/view, come forth

发生

Happen, occur, take place, come about,

Happening occurrence

产生,创造

create, produce, bring about, yield, give birth to, bear, bring into being, generate, beget，germinate;

Invent, innovate, renovate, plan, design, imagine, conceive, devise, formulate, imagine, envision,

建立

Found, set, built up, construct, institute, constitute, set up, establish 制造,组成

Make, make up, produce, construct, turn out, manufacture, form, shape, compose, compile, concoct, fabricate

生长壮大

复制,繁殖58

Copy, duplicate, reproduce, multiply.

发育，发展

Grow, develop, breed, bring up, nurture, cultivate, hone, raise, foster, (主动)

Develop, advance, progress, move forward, go forward, proceed（自我成长） Burgeon, flourish, thrive, bloom, blossom, boom, prosper;

保持，延续

Continue, last, carry on, keep on, keep, remain maintain retain

Perpetuate,

Persevere, stick with, insist on, persist in,

Continuous, incessant, permanent, constant, steady, unbroken, perpetual, everlasting, eternal, lasting, unending, uninterrupted, undying, immortal, invariable,

存在,生存

Exist， found, stand, lay in, be rooted in，be embedded in,

Substance, matter, object, material, stuff, things, entity,

individual, creature, beings,

Topic, subject, issue, theme, gist, item, content, point,

Extant, existing, in existence, substantive, ubiquitous, omnipresent, universal, survive，outlive，outlast, remain alive，

Endure, undergo,

从有到无

结束，停止53

stop，finish, be over, cease, discontinue, wind up, bring to an end(close, halt), end，come to an end, end up, terminate，quench，quell，run out, expire, conclude

adjourn/dissolve/lull/subvert,abortaive,

Surcease, cessation,

impasse, deadlock, logjam, stalemate,

Ultimate, final, eventual,

Abeyance, suspend, interruption, brake, halt, pause,

死亡,毁灭

Perish, annihilate, kill, exterminate, take life, slay, hatchet, slaughter, assassinate, famish, smother, throttle, strangle, stifle, decimate,

Die, pass away, perish, expire, run out,

decease, death, demise,

Defunct, moribund, dying,

Fatal, formidable, deadly, fatality.

取消,废除550

Cancel, annul, call off, do away with,

Abolish, desuetude, disuse, abandon, repeal, revoke, invalidate, rescind, nullify

Obsolete, out of date, outmoded, out of fashion, old-fashioned,

除去551

Remove，erase，delete, extinguish, exterminate, eliminate, eradicate, extirpate, efface，clear away, throw away, do away with, wipe out, get rid of , rule out,

Obliterate, expurgate, expunge, purify, purge,

破坏

Destroy, damage, wreck, devastate, raze, ravage, knock down, demolish, vandalize, tear down, ruin, spoil, dilapidate,

Perdition，

detrimental，harmful, injurious,

topple down

/inclement/

伤害

Damage Bruise, mar, maul, do harm to, injure, wound, hurt, impair, harm, hurt, wound, harm, break, fracture, maim, cripple, mangle, mutilate; cut, gash, fracture, break

灾祸

Disaster, catastrophic, calamity, cataclysm, carnage, massacre, holocaust, decimate, wreck, accident,

Misfortune, hapless, mishap,

逐渐消亡

Rot way, perish, decay, disintegrate, decompose, deteriorate, molder, aggravate, worsen, exacerbate, corrupt,

Rotten, decayed, corrupt, damaged;

decrepit ,decrepitude, dilapidate

状态之改变

正面

能力，强，权力

Enable, facilitate, empower, entitle, enhance,

Strengthen, reinforce, sustain, countenance, consolidate,

Able, be capable of doing , competent, potent, omnipotent, puissant, resourceful

Ability, capability, capacity, skill, forte，competence, faculty

Intelligence, aptitude, flair, talent

Clever, bright, talented, astute, wisdom, wise, smart, acumen,

Hegemony, puissance, resource, power, energy, authority, influence, impact, supremacy, potency, strength, force, vigor;

大

Aggrandize, amplify, augment, broaden, widen, extend, enlarge, magnify, enlarge,

Exaggerate, overstate, overstress, overemphasize,

多,增加

Enrich, increase, add to, abound, fill, fill up, replenish, stock up, add, put in, raise,

Accrue, mount up, augment, accumulate, rise

Abundant, plentiful, more than enough, profuse, copious, rich, wealthy, generous, numerous, in great numbers;

sufficient, enough, adequate, ample, as much as necessary,

Increment, accretion, growth, augmentation,

高

Raise, lift up, improve, enhance, elevate, escalate, heave, heighten, hoist, Rise, increase, ascend, mount, go up, climb scale, jack up, skyrocket, surge, upsurge

High, tall, in height, lofty, towering, lanky;

Height, stature, elevation, altitude

有助

Help, assist, aid, subsidize, help to, conduce to,, contribute to, function to, be of assistance, lend a hand, facilitate, enhance,

Helper, aide, assistant, accessory, ancillary, accomplice, auspices,

支持

Support, bolster, boost, brace, buttress, espouse, proponent, underpin, embrace, exponent,

快216

Accelerate, hasten, speed up, quicken up, expedite

Run, scurry, scuttle, scamper, prance, gallop, sprint, scud, Dart, fleet, rush, Fast, quick, rapid, swift, expeditious, speedy, fleeting, brisk

Speed, swiftness, pace, velocity, rapidity, tempo, rate, quickness, promptness,

有效,起作用

Effective, efficient, effectual, successful, useful, helpful, functional, applicable, operative, working, active, functioning, in operation, in use,

Available, serviceable,

Impact, influence,

自由，解脱

Release, free, set free, set off, liberate, unshackle, unfetter, emancipate, manumit, disentangle, untangle, extricate, unravel,

中性

变

Change, alter, modify, vary, turn, become, adjust, amend, transform, distort, modulate, transmute, shift, transfigure,

Fluctuate, move, revolutionize, alternate, shift

Diversified, volatile, fickle, mercurial, protean, erratic, eccentric, irregular, inconsistent,

Changeable, unsettled, variable, malleable, mutable,

Change, alteration, variation, modification, transition, renovation, recondition, mutation;

修改

Redress, rectify, revise, emend, renovate, innovate, recondition,

负面

弱

Weaken, enervate, vitiate, sap, impair, emaciate, attenuate, dilute

Wane, sag, fade, flag, deteriorate, exacerbate, wither, blight, dry up, wilt, sere, sear, shrink, shrivel,

Weak, feeble, effete, wan, frail, lacking in strength, impotent, feeble, lethargic

Infirmity, weakness, decadence, decadent,

减少，降低

Lower, reduce, decrease, drop off, abate, decline, dwarf, dwindle, rarefy, curtail, shorten, abridge, truncate, dock, decline, slump, eclipse, subside, shrink, ebb,

Diminish, lessen, debase, dilute, moderate, die down, grow less intense, cut down, ebb, cut back,

慢

Decelerate, slow, slow down, retard, hold back,

Slow, sluggish,

Postpone, put off, delay, defer, procrastinate, adjourn,

Dilatory, tardy, slack, sluggish,

平息

reconcile, comfort, placate, conciliate, reassure，allay, calm, console, soothe, pacify, assuage, mitigate, palliate, salve, temper,

palliation, reconciliation,

禁止，限制

Prohibit, proscribe, forbid, ban, restrain, interdict, overrule, veto, stop from Limit, restrict, confine, blockade, fetter, shackle, circumscribe

Prohibited, forbidden, banned, illegal, outlawed, proscribed, taboo; Durance, taboo,

控制, 抑制

Control, wield, hold, steer, helm, maneuver, manipulate, dominate, regulate, rein in, direct, rule, govern, reign, regiment

Curb, bridle, yoke, restrain inhibit smolder, suffocate， refrain from

阻碍455

Hinder, hamper, check, stunt, impede, block, obstruct, retard, interrupt, hold back, prevent from, forestall, keep from, deter from, discountenance, lumber, thwart, stem, stymie, frustrate, stump, stem,

Entangle, enmesh, ensnare, entrap,

Barrier, obstacle, obstruction, impediment, setback, hindrance, hurdle, blockade, blockage,

morass, predicament, plight, straits, quandary,

strait,

预防

Forestall, proselytize, preclude, prevent,

干预432

Interfere, intervene, intercede, meddle, annoy, vex, nettle, perturb, disturb, discomfit, molest, pester, bother, annoy, harass, intrude,

Mediate,

Inroad, raid, assail, assault, attack, trespass, infringe, attack, foray, intrude, encroach,

Turbulence, disturbance

得到，付出

付出

给

Give, offer, endow, endue, present, bestow, provide, supply, furnish Impart, instruct, apprise, teach, instill, inculcate,

Proffer, confer, donate, contribute, subscribe, bequeath,

Issue, flow out, release,

支出

Cost, spend, pay, pay out, expend, disburse,

Prodigal, profligate, splurge, spendthrift, dissipate

frugal, scrimp, skimp, abstemious,

Expenditure, subvention,

归还,偿439

Return, hand out, restore, reciprocate, remunerate, revert,

Compensate, reimburse, indemnify, expiate, atonement,

Salary, remuneration, Emolument, honorarium,

分配

Distribute, allocate, issue, hand out, apportion, allot, dispense, ration, allot, assign, designate;

Distribution, dispensation ration, allotment

施加

impose, entail, exert, inflict, suppress, subjugate, compress ,repress, coerce， 使满

Suffice, satiate, satisfy, cater, sate, meet requirement, gratify

Suffuse, implant, instill, infuse, fill, impregnate,

放弃

Relinquish, give up, disclaim, abdicate, abjure, waive, renounce, recant, wean, forsake, abdicate, desert, forswear, renounce, repudiate, forgo, disown, disavow, abandon

Renunciation,

获得

得到

Get, receive, Accept, attain, acquire, obtain, gain, repossess, retrieve, procure, catch,

Earn, profit, embezzle, peculate, defalcate, graft, appropriate,

Obtainable, accessible, receptive,

Receiver, recipient, procurement

夺

Deprive, take away, exact, extort, dispossess, bereave, divest, strip,

Loot, ravage, ransack, sack, despoil, plunder, rapine, snatch, ,exploit, distill, Confiscate, impound, sequestrate, forfeit, expropriate

Exaction, depredation, spoliation,

吸引

Attract, appeal, fascinate, draw, charm, intrigue, enchant, tempt, allure, enchant, enthrall, rivet, fix, spellbind, intoxicate, engross, occupy, captivate, enamor,

Attractive, appealing, charming, pleasing, attractiveness, fascination, charisma, personal, magnetism, attraction, fascination,

包含510

Contain, consist of, comprise, cover, encompass, span, contain, encompass, subsume, consist of, include, involve, embroil, implicate, ;

Configuration component，

需要,

Require, call for, need, demand, necessitate,

Necessary, required, requisite, essential,

Requisite, prerequisite, requirement, precondition,

使

使

Cause to be, make, lead to, render, turn into, trigger, activate, cause,

要求，请求，

Request, ask, entreat, demand, petition, appeal to

Solicit, invoke, plead, implore, beseech, adjure,

Dictate, command, mandate, order, instruct, charge,

Imperative, essential, compulsory, mandatory, urgent, obligatory,

Request, requisition, petition, invocation;

促使， 劝说，

Advise, urge, argue, advocate, persuade, sway, influence,

Convince, expostulate, exhort, hortative

刺激， 激发，鼓励

Stimulate, activate, spur, incite, agitate, inspire, arouse, excite, provoke, actuate, incite, foment, stir up, trigger, Kindle, enkindle, ignite

encourage, motivate, invigorate, prompt, instigate,

Impetuous, impulsive;

Drive, motivation, incentive, inducement, impetus

推动，驱动，迫使

Push, drive, propel, force, oblige, propel, compel goad

威逼利诱

欺骗， 伪装

Deceive, dupe, cheat, swindle, hoodwink,

Disguise,

Duplicity, artifice, chicanery, deception, scheme, subterfuge, duplicity. 引诱

Beguile, lure, tempt, allure, entice, tantalize, coax, delude, cozen, beguile,, Guile, deceit, cunning, wile, trickery

Wily

威吓

Threaten, menace, intimidate ,hector, frighten, bully,

Threatening, menacing,

Threat, menace

允许,承认

Allow, let, permit, license

Allowance, license, permission, consent, sanction, authorization

心理

想要

期望

Expect, look forward to, wait for, look ahead to, suppose, anticipate, await 欲望，欲求

Wish, want, desire, long, yearn, aspire, crave, hanker, covet:

Desirous, eager, avid, greedy, acquisitive, much desired, coveted, ambitious, enterprising;

Longing, aspiration, yearning, ambition, avarice, desire for, appetite, desire

意图

Intend, tend to, mean, plan, be inclined to, predispose, resolve, prone to, apt to, disposed to, attempt to, aim to, be set to, have in mind, slant Intentionally, purposely, deliberately, consciously,

Intention, motive, tendency, trend, proclivity, inclination, acclivity declivity, Liable, inclined to, willingly, likely

不愿意

Waver, hesitate, oscillate, vacillate, boggle, pause, falter,

reluctant, unwilling，irresolute, indecisive, undetermined, uncertain, undecided, unsure,

Reluctantly, unwillingly

Reluctance, unwillingness

认知

感觉，察觉

Sense, feel, savor, be conscious of, be aware of, regain consciousness, perceive, Cognize, regard,

Detect, identify, notice, recognize, observe,

Heed, pay/give heed to, take heed/notice of, notice, pay/give attention to Conscious, aware capable of feeling, sentient, percipient, cognizant, Consciousness, awareness, feeling, sense, sensation,

Attention, heed, notice

思考

Think, consider, ponder, speculate, contemplate, reflect, muse, ponder, contemplate, muse, meditate, ruminate, chew, deliberate, take into account, take into consideration, cross one's mind, flash across one's mind, pass through one's mind, occur to sb

thoughtful, meditative, pensive

thought,consideration,reflection,contemplation

理解

know, understand, realize, appreciate, grasp, apprehend, figure out, be informed about, read, make out, go one’s idea across, decipher, decode, recognize, comprehend, be acquainted with, be familiar with,

忽视，忘记, 没感觉

Forget, not remember, neglect, ignore, overlook, disregard, pay no attention to, take no notice of

Condone, excuse, and forgive, pardon, absolve, exonerate, extenuate, Oblivious, remiss, delinquent, negligent,

Neglectful, forgetful

Oblivion, remission, omission.

Amnesia, amnesty, inattention, oversight

Ignorant, unknown,

unconscious, unaware, insensitive, unresponsive

清楚

clarify, elucidate, shed light on, illuminate, make clear

explicit, overt, precise, unambiguous, plain, clear, unequivocal,

clarity, clearness, lucidity, transparency, simplicity, precision.

迷惑

Confuse, puzzle, muddle, bewilder, perplex, baffle, nonplus, flummox, disconcert, confound, mix up, fluster, obscure, obfuscate, perplex

Quandary, dilemma, plight, predicament,

态度

正面

赞成,同意

Approve, endorse, grant, confirm, ratify, agree with, consent, endorse, approbate, assent, approve, accord, agree, accede, resonate,

Unanimous, in full accord,

Approval, agreement, concurrence, unanimity, approbation. Uniformity, consistency, endorsement, confirmation, ratification, sanction,

allow, permit, let, consent to

肯定，相信

Certain, sure, ascertain,

positive, confident, convinced, assured,

Inevitable, certainly, surely, positively, definitely, confidently, assuredly, inevitably, undoubtedly, unquestionably, unequivocally

Believe, trust, entrust, have faith in,

fidelity, loyalty, faith, affidavit, conviction,

喜欢，赞美

Love, be fond of, like, favor,

worship, adore,

Laud, praise, commend, extol, exalt, exult, eulogize, honor, pay tribute to, hymn, paean, carol, psalm, encomium,

不喜欢，

Loath, hate, dislike, abhor, repulse, repel, abominate, detest,

Heinous, odious, hateful, repellent, repulsive, repugnant obnoxious, Aversion, odium, aversion, revulsion, abhorrence,

不同意，反对

Disagree, dissent, reject, and disallow discord,

Contradict, gainsay, say the opposite to, oppose, counter, be in opposition to, go up against, defy, controvert, impugn,

Inconsistent, contradictory, in disagreement, at odds

Disharmony, dissonance

Opposing, dissenting, opposite, contradictory, override contrariwise, oppositely;

Dispute, argue,

反驳

Refute, rebut, retort, deny, confute, contest, disprove

羞辱，贬义

Embarrass, humiliate, disgrace, dishonor, mortify, demean, discomfit, degrade, undermine

Embarrassed, ashamed, unembarrassed, unabashed

Humiliation, chagrin

忧虑

Worry about, fret over, feel anxious, uneasy about, be concerned about, fret, agony,

Anxious, uneasy;

Anxiety, concern, uneasiness, disquietedness, nervousness

疑问,不相信

Doubt, query, question, inquiry,

Discredit, distrust, disbelieve, mistrust, suspect, be suspicious of, have doubts about

Doubtful, misgiving, skeptical, dubious, incredulous,;

Doubt, incertitude, questioning, skepticism, implausibility, incredibility

批评，谴责

Criticize, censure, condemn, denounce, attack, rail, rebuke, blame, reprove, reprimand,

reproach; diatribe, reproof, reprimand

分久必合，合久必分

合，和

同,等, 似

Accord, match, equal, like, resemble, approximate,

Same, unified, matching, much the same, be similar to, akin to, the same as, equivalent, identical parallel

Equivalent, congruity, concord, parallel, similarity, parallelism, tantamount, tally,

Resemble, bear a resemblance to, be like, look like, simulate, take after, imitate, mimic, copy, emulate,

比较

Compare, contrast, weigh against, judge against, balance, parallel

Comparatively, relatively

适合

Suitable, fit, suited, proper, right, appropriate, apposite, apropos, opportune, fitting, apt,

suitably, properly, rightly, appropriately, fittingly, aptly,

相容

Compatible, well-matched, well-suited, attuned, companionable, congenial, affable, amicable,

Accommodate, Harbor, lodge,

陪伴

Accompany with, go along with, go together with, go with, come with, keep sb. Company, join, escort, convoy, cling to

合作,合并

Work together, cooperate, come together, and collaborate, join forces, team up,

Merge, unite, connect, bond, bring together, combine, associate, amalgamate, swallow up, become one, come together, Affiliate, annex, coalesce, incorporate, integrate, put together, join together.

Involve, embroil, include,

Weld, join, solder,

Merger, combination, solidarity, coalition, cohesion, conglomeration, agglomeration, confluence, Rapport, rapprochement, inseparable,

聚集

Gather, accumulate, amass, collect, pile up, heap up, compile, assemble, garner, convene, summon, organize, call together,

swarm, throng, teem, crowd

Rally, confer, muster, congregate, aggregate, put together, amass, convoke, convene, collect a supply of;

Collection, group, multitude, flock, herd, array, accumulation, accretion, backlog.

Gregarious,

联系，依靠

Link, relate, connect, associate, correlate, attach, fasten, clinch, cling to, tie, adhere, affiliate, pertain, trace;

Relevant, pertinent, germane,

Link, bond, nexus, linkage, relationship, attachment,

Rely on, trust, depend on, count on;

Reliable, foolproof, dependable, independent, sovereign;

trust, reliance, dependence,

整体,全部，广义

Complete, total, entire, full, whole, thorough, comprehensive, all-round, versatile, plenary

Generally, entirely, fully, wholly, thoroughly, exhaustively, usually, largely, mainly, mostly, for the most part, on the whole, in general

All over, throughout;

交易，遇见，互相

Trade, exchange, deal, do business, transact, interact, intertwine, swap, switch,

Trade, commerce, interplay, commodity, goods, merchandise, transaction, interaction

Meet, encounter, run into, run across, come across, happen to see, discover; Mutual, reciprocal, vice versa,

遵守，认同

Obey, comply with, act upon, follow, meet the terms, act in accordance, submit, observe, conform,

Accordance, tractable, obedient, ductile, compliant, docile, manageable, tame,

分

分开，部分

Divide, break up, separate, undo, seclude, sever, diversify, bifurcate, ramify, disconnect, cede, sunder, asunder, part, partition, isolate, part, detach, Exclude, occluded, preclude, segregate, seclude

Disband, dismiss, scatter, estrange, segment, cleave, rift, disintegrate, split up, fall apart, collapse,

Fission, crevice, partition, detachment, secession,

Section, aspect, feature, facet, respect, side, sector, division, part, segment, fragment, piece, portion

背离

Digress, deviate, diverge, astray, depart, swerve, deflect, defection, apostate, betray, divagate, secede egress,

Perfidious, infidelity, disloyal, unfaithfulness, disaffected,

不同

Different, dissimilar, unlike, incongruous, discordant, disparate,

Multifarious, motley, various varied, diversified,

Diversity, shade, nuance, disparity, discrepancy, difference, variance, multiplicity,

不相容，不适合

Incompatible, mismatched, unsuited, discordant, inharmonious, unsuitable, improper, wrong, inappropriate, inopportune, unfit

unsuitably, inappropriately,

违背，对立

Contravene, defend, break, breach, disobey, counter, resist, violate, defy, flout, infringe,

infraction,

对立

争，斗，努力

Compete, via, contend, struggle, wrestle, tussle, challenge, fight against, emulate, rival, conflict, contest, strife, confront, face up to,

Strive, make an effort, endeavor to, try to do, attempt to do, struggle; Effort, attempt

antagonistic, hostile, friction

躲避

Avoid, escape, keep away from, stay away from, shun, wince, flee, run away, flight, parry, evade, dodge, sidestep, elude, shirk,

成

Win, succeed, triumph, prevail, outstrip, outwit, transcend, exceed, surmount, overcome surpass,

Fulfill, complete, accomplish, finish, achieve, reach, approach, realize, soar, Subdue, suppress, override, overrule, subvert, topple,

Consummation, achievement, feat, attainment, accomplishment.

Accessible, reachable, attainable, obtainable, approachable,

败

Fail, be unsuccessful, be abortive, flunk, founder, bungle, sink, be fruitless, bungle, blunder, bumble, muff

Failure, abortion, crash

stranded,

处理

对付,处置

Deal with, cope with, and dispose, handle, manage, process,

Disposition

选择

Choose, select, favor, prefer, pick,

传递

Transmit, pass, hand on, transcribe, transfer, move, convert, convey, send, ferry, transport,

Impart, inculcate, instruct, teach, inform, apprise, pass on

transfusion,

采用， 利用

Make use of, use, employ, utilize, exploit, consume, harness, assume, take on

手段，工具

By means of, by way of, by virtue of , method, manner, means, device, instrument, facility, implement, apparatus, appliance, mechanism, gadget, utensil, tools,

contrivance, maneuver, tactic, mean, expedient, stratagem, tact, ploy, artifice, chicanery, scheme, plan, project, program

行为，

Act, perform, behave, work, serve as, operate, run, function to, conduct; Be engaged in, carry on, indulge in, participate, endeavor to, take part in, devote to, dedicate to,

Behavior, demeanor, conduct, action, performance,

信息处理

表达

说,表达

say, tell, talk, speak, utter, express, voice, state, articulate, pronounce, emote,

Declare, pronounce, claim, announce, address, intimate

Equivocate, prevaricate, prattle, stammer,

chat, discuss, converse, bargain, negotiate,

talk, chat, discussion, debate, conversation, colloquy

提出

Suggest, propose, present, put forward, recommend, advocate, advise, posit, aver, allege, postulate, propound, tender,

Hint, imply, insinuate, allude,

描述

Describe, depict, illustrate, limn, recount, portray, represent, define, characterize, delineate, sketch out,;

description, version

解释,说明

Explain, interpret, explicate, detail, clarify, make clear, construe, misconstrue, elucidate, shed light on, decipher,, expound, disabuse, explain in detail, account for;

Exposition, exhibition, connotation, exegesis, gloss annotate,

表明

Show, demonstrate, evince, indicate, display, exhibit,

获取信息

观察,探求

observe, view, see, spot, watch, notice, make out, perceive, bring attention to, be aware of,

distinguish, discern, detect, scrutinize, monitor, study, sight, inquire, probe, search, explore,

Search, grope, probe, plumb, fathom, research,

quest;

调查，检查

Inspect, examine, scan, study, check, investigate, censor, peruse, look into, look over, scrutinize, survey,

Inspection, examination, census, censor, investigation, scrutiny, survey, inquiry, census, poll

纪录， 记载

Record, register, document ,write down, take down, put down, note down, detail, keep details,

逻辑

分析证明

Analyze, consider, infer, extrapolate, prove, justify, confirm, verify, validate, testify, attest, authenticate, substantiate, give evidence, corroborate 假设

Presume, assume, suppose, imagine, premise, surmise,

推断

Induce, infer, deduce, reason, derive from, ratiocinate, conclude,

因果

result from, result in, according to, attribute to, ascribe to, credit to, account for, derive from, arise from,

proof, evidence, inference, conclusion,

convince,

cogent, sound, logical, rational,

真，正确

True, right, correct, proper, real, actual, genuine, veritable, veracious, authentic

truly, really, actually, in fact, authentically, realistically, pragmatically; genuinely veraciously，faultless, impeccable, in the right way

Truth, canon, criterion, norm, axiom, veracity. Rationale, truism, maxim, correct, revise, rectify

假,错

False, wrong, incorrect, fallacious mistaken, erroneous, unreal, errant, faulty Fake, sham, phony, pretended, simulated, pseudo

Mistakenly, erroneously;

Mistake, error, fault, fallacy, misconception, illusion;

take A as B, confuse A with B, mistake A for B, erroneously identify A as B, falsify,

发现, 揭示

Discover, find out, learn, reveal, disclose, unveil, expose, divulge, make known, debunk, declassify, decode, decipher, translate, make out, revelation,

其它

强调的，

Absolutely, incontrovertible, indispensable，indisputable, inalienable, indubitable, incontestable, irrefutable, incontrovertible;

重要的

Consequential, imponderable, paramount, substantial, major, significant, important, leading, major, dominant, predominant, prevailing, key, pivotal, decisive, critical, crucial, basic, fundamental, radical, essential, primary, integral, inherent, indispensable, necessary

优缺点

Advantage, benefit, advantageous, valuable, precious, positive, positive aspect, helpful, asset, valuable quality.

Disadvantage, drawback, weakness, shortcoming, downside, negative aspect, unfavorable feature.

明显的，突出的，优秀的，杰出的

Obvious, apparent, evident, conspicuous visible, noteworthy, noticeable, notable, manifest, outstanding, remarkable, salient, prominent, eminent, distinguished, striking, extraordinary, excellent, monumental, phenomenal,

主要

mainly, chiefly, principally, predominatly, basically, fundamentally, primarily, inherently,