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托福综合写作TPO11解析

前程百利小编上一次和大家分享了TPO1中托福综合写作的步骤和写作思路以及范文（添加链接：/writing/20150215/54247.html），今天，我们继续备考托福综合写作部分的题目。前程百利小编将以TPO11为例，和托友一起攻克托福综合写作难题。

托福综合写作，顾名思义是考查托福综合能力。除了平时的写作之外，还包含阅读和听力部分。所以，做好托福写作的前提是阅读和听力水平，缺一不可。阅读部分考查我们对于文章内容的理解，直接关系到最后写作部分的组织结构；而且读懂阅读部分的题目有助于更好的例解听力内容。因为听力部分和阅读部分正好是相互矛盾，对立的。所以，当你的听力水平不好，想要投机取巧时，阅读部分的内容能够在一定程度上帮助你理解听力内容，最起码不会偏差太大。

下面以TPO11为例，进行细致的分析阅读和听力部分的内容：

阅读部分文章内容：

A recent study reveals that people especially young people are reading far less literature, novels, plays, and poems, than they used to. This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public, for culture in general, and for the future of literature itself.

While there has been a decline in book reading generally, the decline has been especially sharp for literature. This is unfortunate because nothing else provides the intellectual stimulation that literature does. Literature encourages us to exercise our imaginations, empathize with others, and expand our understanding of language. So by reading less literature, the reading public is missing out on important benefits.

Unfortunately, missing out on the benefits of literature is not the only problem. What are people reading instead? Consider the prevalence of self-help books on lists of best sellers. These are 地址：北京市海淀区海淀北二街8号 中关村SOHO A区 2层

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usually superficial poorly written, and intellectually undemanding. Additionally, instead of sitting down with a challenging novel, many persons are now more likely to turn on the television, watch a music video, or read a Web page. Clearly, diverting time previously spent in reading literature to trivial forms of entertainment has lowered the level of culture in general.

The trend of reading less literature is all the more regrettable because it is taking place during a period when good literature is being written. There are many talented writers today, but they lack an audience. This fact is bound to lead publishers to invest less in literature and so support fewer serious writers. Thus, the writing as well as the reading of literature is likely to decline because of the poor standards of today's readers.

下面是前程百利小编觉得在阅读过程中会困扰大家的疑难词汇，短语和句子，希望能更好的帮助大家理解文章内容。

1.阅读部分难词解析：

intellectual stimulation [st?mj?'le?n] 智力激发

empathize with

superficial ['emp?θa?z] 移情，神入，体会他人的感情 adj. 表面的，肤浅的

adj.要求不高的 [,su?p?'f??(?)l; ,sju?-] [?nd?'mɑ?nd??] undemanding

divert…to.. [da?'v??t; d?-] v. 转向

trivial ['tr?v??l] adj.琐碎的

regrettable [r?'gret?b(?)l] adj.可惜的，令人遗憾的

be bound to [ba?nd] 必然，一定会

2.阅读部分长难句解析：

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1）. This is troubling because the trend has unfortunate effects for the reading public, for culture in general, and for the future of literature itself.

Because表示原因，解释前面陈述的事实。for表示“对……而言”，是三个并列成分。

2）. Clearly, diverting time previously spent in reading literature to trivial forms of entertainment has lowered the level of culture in general.

句子主干是：Diverting time to entertainment（主语） has lowered the level of culture. time 后面的previously spent in reading literature修饰作用。

3.阅读部分文章结构和内容解析：

总论点：文学作品阅读量的减少对于读者、文化和文学创作的发展都是有害的。

分论点1：文学作品阅读量减少会影响公众阅读量，而且文学作品对于激发人们的想象力以及对语言的理解的能力减少了；

分论点2：文学作品阅读量减少会使人们趋向于阅读低水平，比较肤浅的文章，或者看电视，听音乐，这样整理的文化水平就会降低；

分论点3：文学作品阅读量减少直接影响作家的创作，因为缺少读者，所以作家不再积极创作，所以文学作品就会减少。

上面小编已经提到了，阅读部分的内容可以帮助大家更好的理解听力内容，下面是听力部分的内容，表达的论点和阅读部分是对立的，下面我们来继续解析听力部分内容。

听力部分内容：

Professor:

It is often said that people are reading less literature today than they used to. What should we make of this?

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Well first, a book doesn't have to be literature to be intellectually stimulating. Science writing history, political analysis and so forth aren't literature perhaps, but they are often of high quality and these kinds of books can be just as creative and well-written as a novel or a play. They can stimulate the imagination. So don't assume that someone who isn't reading literature isn’t reading a good book.

But let's say that people aren't just spending less time with literature, they are also spending less time with books in general. Does that mean that the culture is in decline? No, there's plenty of culturally valuable material that isn't written - music and movies, for example. Are people wasting their time when they listen to a brilliant song or watch a good movie? Do these non-literary activities lower cultural standards? Of course not. Culture has changed. In today's culture, there are many forms of expression available other than novels and poems. And some of these creative forms speak more directly to contemporary concerns than literature does.

Finally, it's probably true that there's less support for literature today than in earlier generations. But don't be too quick to blame the readers. Sometimes it's the author's faults. Let's be honest. A lot of modern literature is intended to be difficult to understand. Here is not much reason to suppose that earlier generations of readers would have read a lot of today's literature either. 下面是针对听力部分的内容，前程百利小编找出的疑难词汇，帮助大家更好的理解。

1.听力部分难词解析：

non-literary 非文学的

contemporary [k?n't?mp?r?ri]

2.听力部分文章结构和内容解析： adj. 同时代的；同时期的

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http:// bailiedu.com/ 论点：文学作品阅读量减少不一定是有害的。

分论点1：一些历史书籍或者政治类书籍，虽然不是文学作品，但是仍然是质量很高的书籍，同样可以提高人们的想象力。

分论点2：人们虽然阅读文学作品的时间减少了，但是用这些时间看电影，听音乐也是改善文学素养的一种方式。

分论点3: 文学作品数量的减少不仅仅是由于读者减少，使得作家创作减少；另一方面，有些作家的作品会有些艰涩难懂，这也是阅读量减少的原因之一。

此外，小编要提醒大家的就是听力笔记符号，在这里就不一一向大家介绍了。大家可以去前 程百利论坛下载学习：

[笔记符号链接：

（/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=41879&extra=page%3D1%26filter%3Dtypeid%26typeid%3D1）]

最后是针对TPO11的范文部分，大家可以参考学习。

范文解析：

The lecturer raises several arguments to counter the reading passage’s strong criticism of the public’s declining interest in reading literature.

The lecturer argues that literature is only one among many forms of reading genres from which the public can benefit intellectually. The public also benefits from reading works of science fiction and historical novels, among other reading genres. Therefore, the reading is wrong to claim that the public is suffering great losses by not reading literature.

Furthermore, the lecturer explains that even if it is true that the public is reading fewer books and 地址：北京市海淀区海淀北二街8号 中关村SOHO A区 2层

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watching more television and films instead, it does not necessarily mean that culture is in decline. Television and film are simply modern forms of cultural expression that are also intellectually stimulating and directly relevant to contemporary life.

Finally, the lecturer admits a decline in audience and support of literature in today’s society, but she attributes it to the authors themselves, who have alienated themselves from the reading public by using overly complex language. The reading, however, blames the lowering standards of the public for the declining interest in reading great works of literature.

根据阅读部分和听力部分的论点，结合两方面的内容，综合把控，才是托福综合写作的精髓和关键。大家如果想继续练习托福综合写作的部分，也可以到前程百利论坛（/forum-40-1.html）高分集训营专区，写作集训标签下进行练习。

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