专四作文高分攻略

作文高分攻略

怎样获得专业四级写作高分

(一)写作题的性质

写作是人们表达思想的一种重要手段，我们称之为comprehensive test的综合测试，体现的是学生综合运用语言的能力。因为它不仅考核考生对词汇的掌握、对语法的应用 ，同时也考查了学生的表达能力、思维的逻辑性和条理性。我们知道，学习英语需掌握四种技能：听、说、读、写。听和读是语言的input(输入)过程，因而对于听力和阅读的测试是考查学习者的被动英文技能；说和写是语言的output(输出)过程，对于口语和写作的测试则是考查学习者的主动英文技能。学习者的被动英文水平往往高于主动英文水平，因此听力理解材料的难度往往大于口语的内容，阅读理解材料的难度往往要大于写作。由此可见，在经 过两年基础专业课的学习后，学习者应该将重点放在把被动英文水平转化成主动英文水平上 。一旦我们的大脑有了大量的语言输出之后，就能达到出口成章、下笔有神的境界。

(二)英语专业四级写作要求

(1)能根据各种不同的听读材料笔头回答问题，复述内容写摘要、写提纲和记笔记。

(2)能根据题目列出写作提纲，在一小时内写出200～250词的短文。

以上均要求做到内容完整、条理清楚，语法基本正确，语言通顺恰当。

(3)能写一般的书信、通知、便条、请帖，填写简单的表格，格式正确，语言得体。

写作课培养学生初步写作能力，包括提纲、文章摘要、短文以及最简单的常用应用文。

(三)考试大纲对英语专业写作的要求和规定

(1)测试目的：按照英语专业基础阶段英语教学大纲的要求，检查学生在基础阶 段末期的英语写作能力。

(2)题型：主观试题，分为Section A和Section B两个部分。Section A: Composition ，Section B: Note-writing

(3)测试要求：

a)作文。要求根据所给的题目和列出的写作提纲或图表、数字统计表等(也附有写作提纲) 写一篇150词的短文，能做到内容切题、完整，条理清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言 通顺恰当。作文的类别有说明文、议论文或记叙文。考试时间为35分钟。

b)便条。要求根据提示写大约50～60词的便条、通知、请帖等。要求做到格式正确，语言 得体。考试时间为10分钟。

(四)英语专业四级写作的评分标准

1.作文的评分标准

(1)文章内容切题、丰富，文章通顺，表达清楚。

(2)行文流畅。

(3)组织严密，逻辑性强。

(4)句型多样化，句法结构正确。

(5)用词得体、恰当、丰富。

(6)语法正确。

(7)拼写及标点正确，书写整洁。

2.样卷和分数

(五)高分密招

很多学习者翻开作文书籍，就如同想打开一本武功秘籍，只希望看到5个字母trick(技巧) 。技巧固然十分重要，但在应试准备中，常常需要70%的基础和30%的技巧。这里要提醒大家的是，不可高估技巧的作用，犹如在武打片中，要想得到某某宝典和剑法，是需要付出惨痛的代价的。

1.在考场中，常常感到无话可说，该怎么办，的确，在考场中有些考生由于紧张，常常会出现大脑一片空白，在10分钟之内动不了笔。

对策一：逆向思维法。考生在拿到一个作文话题、但不知该如何动笔时，可以去联想有关该 话题的具体事件，从具体事件中提炼出观点，再将观点反弹回去，即topic具体事件观点。例如看到The Advantage and Disadvantage of TV这个文章题目时，如果 不知如何下笔，可以去联想一些具体的电视节目。一提到电视节目，就会自然而然地想到《 新闻联播》。《新闻联播》有哪些好处呢?当然是开拓视野，了解世界。同时，还会联想到 一些暴力片和色情片，它们对儿童的身心健康发展不利。

对策二：正说反说法。考生在写作中感到观点空洞茫然，不易理论清楚，甚至不知从何谈起 时，可以从正、反两个方面对议题进行“摆事实，讲道理”，即“如果这样，就会怎么样； 如果不这样，又会怎么样”。

2.在写作中，遇到不会表达的词语该怎么办。对于母语是中文的学习者，其中文词汇量往往大于英文词汇量，在英文写作中遇到不能表 达的词语是最正常不过的事情了。但有的考生在遇到不会拼写的单词时，往往绞尽脑汁，冥 思苦想，结果造成思维短路，得不偿失。

对策一：用其近义词代替。如在写Student Use of Computer这篇作文时，很多同学以“在 最近10年里，学生使用电脑的小时数一直在增加”这句话来开头。“10年”可以用decade表示，“增加”可以用ascend表示。但是不知道这两个词或对于它们的拼写没有把握时，可用其近义词表示，如“10年”直接用ten years就可以，“增加”还可用increase, go up, rise, grow, jump, climb等。在这个时候，考生必须遵守“宁为瓦全，不可玉碎”的原则。 这就要求在平时注意多收集一些同义词。如在每一篇作文中都会用到的一个单词“认为”， 英文中有很多单词来表达此义，如think, agree, claim, maintain, argue, believe, h old, suggest, view…as, regard…as, consider…(as)。又如另一个单词“目前，最近” ，可用nowadays, these years, recently, lately, currently, at present。此外， 同义词的收集与运用有助于考生在写作中用词多样化。

对策二：当考生在写作中，既找不到该词的近义词，又不能用解释性的语言进行阐述时，考生可以考虑用其上义词或下义词来代替。 上义词是对事物的概括性、抽象性说明；下义词是事物的具体表现形式。如Owing a Car这 篇文章谈到拥有汽车的弊端，其中有一点是汽车会排放出一氧化碳(carbon oxide)和二氧化 碳(carbon dioxide),对空气造成污染。当然，如果不知道如何拼写，更不知该如何去 释义一氧化碳和二氧化碳时，可以用它们的上义词poisonous gases来表示，因为不 论是一氧化碳还是二氧化碳都是有毒气体。又如Getting to Know the World Outside the Campus(大学生该如何走出校园了解世界)，提纲的第二点要求是大学生了解社会的途径( 大众媒体、社会服务等)。“大众媒体”为mass media，“社会服务”为social service。 如果考生不会表达，但是在提纲里又明确规定不能不写时，可以用其下义词来代替。大众媒 体的具体表现形式是TV，radio, newspaper, internet；社会服务的具体表现形式则为par t\|time job, tutoring等。因而，考生在写作中遇到不会表达的单词时，应该沉着冷静 ，考虑用其近义词、上义词或下义词来代替。

3．如何给阅卷老师留下美好的第一印象

要想作文获得高分，显而易见就是要给阅卷老师留下美好的印象。老师们的阅卷过程是郁闷 枯燥的。使自己的文章在大约1分钟的阅读时间内，迅速地在他们的脑海中形成较多的兴奋 点，是至关重要的。

首先，作文的写作时间为35分钟，合理的时间安排为10+20+5，前面的10分钟用来读题审题 ，构思并列提纲，接着的20分钟用来按照提纲写作，最后5分钟用来检查及润色。合理的时 间安排是写出优秀 作文的必不可少的第一步。

其次，卷面的设置。要想让阅卷老师对你的作文试卷有一种赏心悦目的感觉，作文的排版应该不多于2/3，不少于1/3，要留有余地，不要将卷面写得密密麻麻。字体不要过大或过小。字迹要工整。段落方面，英语专业四级考试作文的特点决定了作文写法的基本框架为三段论。俗话说，事不过三，超过了三段后就会让人感到过于繁琐。并且应当注意的是，每段开头都应该有缩进，留有两个单词的位置。

再次，除了形式之外，作文的内容也尤其重要。阅卷老师阅卷一般是从第一段看语言，从第二段看结构。这就要求考生的作文开头部分以及每一段的第一句一定要写得像英文，不要出现任何的拼写或语法错误。 除了语言的地道外，还要求作文有层次感。可以用一系列表示逻辑关系的连词，即路标 词来表示思路的清晰，如and, however,

furthermore，also, what's more等。此外，还可以用对等的句式结构，如for one thing, for another； On the one hand, on the other hand等来增加文章的层次感。

总之，议论文对语言的要求主要体现在三个方面：①用 恰当的逻辑词表现文章的逻辑性。②要注意自然段与主题句的运用，即用自然段表现出文章 的逻辑性，并在每段中用主题句说明要点，给人一目了然的感觉。③要注意句型结构，注意 每句的重心和句与句之间的衔接，使句意一环扣一环，避免松散。

词汇句型闪光点

作文是各类英语考试中得分率最低的题型之一。同学们在掌握了一定的作文模板，和基本的语法、词汇、句型用法之后，如果能在作文中创造一些词汇和句型的闪光点，必定会使你的作文如虎添翼！

高分作文标志 ：1、是否长短句交叉； 2、是否会使用插入语；

3、用词是否多样，准确，形象，尽量使用能够吸引阅卷老师眼球的闪光词；

4、关键词是否换用，切勿老用重复词； 5、句型使用是否准确、地道。

下面给出写好一篇作文的注意事项：

1.适当用被动替换主动，这样能更客观的反映事实, 句子开头不要总是用we / I (比如写结尾时不用we should pay attention to而用Attention should be paid to. ) 举个经典结尾20xx年六月六级作文的最后一段：It is, therefore, high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the service industry like that. By doing so，its competitive edge will be sharpened effectively.

2.善于使用插入语，比如说把副词、连接词等，作插入语放在中间，一般放在主语、动词或者助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。

如however / therefore /for example/I believe 做插入语放在中间，一般放在动词，助动词后，两边分别加上逗号。 比如说： Other individuals, however, take the attitude that …

3. 一定要学会换词，换形象，具体的替换太宽泛的。(考试中一般不要出现good, bad , many, thing, think, people, opinion 等等)比如上面例子applicable替换proper, approaches替换ways, implement替换carry out, sharpen one’s competitive edge替换enhance one’s competitiveness(提高某物竞争力)

下面举一篇某位同学写的优秀作文(14分)的例子，看看他是如何运用各类写作技巧的。这位同学把老师上课讲的各类写作手法和精彩替换和句型都用上了，作文有了很大的提高。

Computer and I

I never forget the exceedingly thrilling day when my mother bought me a computer as birthday present, which exerted a tremendous fascination on me so that i indulged myself in googling an army of useful information i had expected, and enjoy a sea of melodious classic music. That night I was sleepless, feeling that the whole world belonged to me.

The dawn of the new century witnessed the increasing popularity of computers. Coincident with the advancement of science and technology, computers pouring into the current society as a fashion are appealing to growing numbers of individuals. It is no exaggeration to say we have been submerged by them, in large measure!

For a start, we can, freely, search desired information at any moment . Little by little, our knowledge will be well enriched, and our horizons will be greatly broadened. Additionally, we can get huge recreations online by chatting, playing games, or delivering email.

There is no denying that , however, computers can function in the disservice of human beings, in a way, especially the growing violence , obscene, porn pictures, AV-films emerging on the screen , which leads quiet a few net citizens to copying.

之处，首先There is no denying that这个句型，还有however作为插入语， function in the disservice of 替换 do harm

As a classic proverb goes that no garden has no weeds. Computers do play a positive role in the development of people' lives, despite a slice of unfavorable impacts. We should , therefore, take advantage of the fruits and avoid the opposite facet.

30个最经典的替换词

1: individuals, characters, folks替换(people ,persons)

2: positive, favorable, rosy (美好的)，promising (有希望的)，perfect, pleasurable , excellent, outstanding, superior替换good

3: dreadful, unfavorable, poor, adverse, ill (有害的)替换bad 如果bad做表语，可以有be less impressive替换 e.g. An army of college students indulge themselves in playing games, enjoying romance with girls/boys or killing time passively in their dorms. When it approaches to graduation, as a result, they find their academic records are less impressive.

4: (an army of, an ocean of, a sea of, a multitude of, a host of, many…, if not most) 替换many.

注：用many, if not most 一定要小心，many后一定要有词。

e.g. Many individuals, if not most, harbor the idea that….同理 用most, if not all, 替换most.

5: a slice of, quite a few , several替换some

6:harbor the idea that, take the attitude that, hold the view that, it is widely shared that, it is universally

acknowledged that)替think (因为是书面语，所以要加that)

7，affair ,business ,matter 替换thing

8: shared 代 common

9.reap huge fruits 替换get many benefits

10. for my part ,from my own perspective 替换 in my opinion

11. Increasing(ly),growing 替换more and more( 注意没有growingly这种形式。所以当修饰名词时用

increasing/growing.修饰形容词，副词用increasingly.

Eg.sth has gained growing popularity. Sth is increasingly popular with the advancement of sth.

12.little if anything, 或little or nothing替换hardly

13. beneficial, rewarding替换helpful,

14.shopper,client,consumer,purchaser, 替换customer

15. exceedingly, extremely, intensely 替换very

16. hardly necessary, hardly inevitable ... 替换 unnecessary, avoidable

17. sth appeals to sb, sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb 替换sb take interest in / sb. be interested in

18. capture one's attention替换attract one's attention.

19. facet, sphere代aspect

20. be indicative of ,be suggestive of ,be fearful of代 indicate, suggest ,fear

21. give rise to, lead to, result in, trigger 替换cause.

22.There are several reasons behind sth 替换..reasons for sth

23. desire 替换want.

24. pour attention into 替换pay attention to

25. bear in mind that 替换remember

26. enjoy, possess 替换have(注意process是过程的意思)

27. interaction替换communication

28. frown on sth替换 be against , disagree with sth

29. to name only a few, as an example替换 for example, for instance

30. next to / virtually impossible,替换nearly / almost impossible

希望大家能够在平时的学习中多总结精彩、地道的词汇和句型闪光点！常用连接词

To Add: and, again, and then, besides, equally important, finally, further, furthermore, nor, too, next, lastly, what's more, moreover, in addition, first (second, etc.),

To Compare: whereas, but, yet, on the other hand, however, nevertheless, on the other hand, on the contrary, by comparison, where, compared to, up against, balanced against, but, although,

conversely, meanwhile, after all, in contrast, although this may be true

To Prove: because, for, since, for the same reason, obviously, evidently, furthermore, moreover, besides, indeed, in fact, in addition, in any case, that is

To Show Exception: yet, still, however, nevertheless, in spite of, despite, of course, once in a while, sometimes To Show Time: immediately, thereafter, soon, after a few hours, finally, then, later, previously, formerly, first (second, etc.), next, and then

To Repeat in brief, as I have said, as I have noted, as has been noted,

To Emphasize: definitely, extremely, obviously, in fact, indeed, in any case, absolutely, positively, naturally, surprisingly, always, forever, perennially, eternally, never, emphatically, unquestionably, without a doubt, certainly, undeniably, without reservation

To Show Sequence: first, second, third, and so forth. A, B, C, and so forth. next, then, following this, at this time, now, at this point, after, afterward, subsequently, finally, consequently, previously, before this, simultaneously, concurrently, thus, therefore, hence, next, and then, soon

To Give an Example: for example, for instance, in this case, in another case, on this occasion, in this situation, take the case of, to demonstrate, to illustrate, as an illustration,

To Summarize or Conclude：in brief, on the whole, summing up, to conclude, in conclusion, as I have shown, as I have said, hence, therefore, accordingly, thus, as a result, consequently, on the whole

常用句型及单词

A. 开头

1、There is an interesting and instructive picture which goes like this: ______________.

2、______________ has become a hot topic among people, especially among the young, and heated debates are right on their way.

3、Recently, _________has been brought to such popular attention that _________

(e.g. Recently, the problem of global warming has been brought to such popular attention that governments at all levels place it on the top of the agenda.).

4、One of our ancient philosophers said, ______________. Chinese people have always been holding this idea to be one of their standards of morality.

5. No one，regardless of race, religion or nationality, would deny that... 或：Everyone would agree that...

B 结尾

1) Only in this way/Only when……/Only through……, will/can we……或：It is only if/when……that we will…… It is only if all sides of society take their roles fully that we will achieve the society we want.

2) As long as……we will be able to……/the problem is bound to……

As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses, all the superstitions are bound to go out of our

life.

3) With a constant/steady improvement in ……(或With the gradual worsening of……) sth. will……

With a steady improvement in our legal system, this problem will sure be solved earlier or later.

4) In a word there is every/little chance/probability/possibility that…

In one word, there is every chance that this Chinese tradition will continue to entertain millions of Chinese citizens.

C. 中间

1．建议和解决方法

1）. A great number of solutions are being offered. Some people suggest that ___________. Others argue that ___________.

2）. But I don’t think it is a very good way to solve ___________. For instance, ___________. Worst of all, ___________.

3）. My suggestions to deal with/solve/relieve the problem are as follows. In the first place,…. Secondly,…. Finally

4）. If we let the situation go as it is, ... By that time, … 如果让这种情况继续发展下去，那么到那个时候，……。

5） If……, will there be anything that can make me even happier? 如果（我们怎么做），那将没有比这令我更高兴的了。

2.It 结构

1） It is advisable to exercise（拥有）patience in dealing with such complicated situations.

2） It is necessary that young and old people should communicate more with each other.

3） It is certain that fresh air and exercises are more enjoyable and beneficial than medicine.

4） It is well known that many of our problems are caused at least in part by failure to communicate.

5） It seemed to me that the only thing that matters is to learn through failure.

6） It pays in the long run （从长远的角度看……）to introduce new technique.

3.动名词或分词结构

1） Drinking，eating，and smoking excessively can do severe harm to even a young person's health.

2） The art of communication requires learning the language and culture of the audience.

4.递进式结构

1） Fresh vegetables are nutritious（有营养的）；furthermore，they re cheaper than frozen ones.

2） Helping others will not only bring joy into other people's lives，but also added happiness into our own.

5.表示重要性或必要性

1） It's important to set aside time for relaxation，hobbies ，and entertainment as well.

2） A harmonious atmosphere is essential（necessary / critical / indispensable）to achieve success.

3） Global warming can endanger our lives so much that we are obliged to make a careful study of the problem and try to find out a lasting solution to it.

6.表示目的

1） The purpose of a test is to show what you have leaned about a subject.

2） The intent is not to catch everyone but rather to catch enough to spread the word.

3） Competitive sports are recommended to young adults to prepare them for the competitive world of college and business.

7.表示结果

1） Too much work and too little rest may lead to loss of health.

2） If you try to learn too many things at a time，you may get confused.

3） By consistent hard work we will be able to achieved our objectives （目标）.

8.表示对比和比较

1） Jobs and work do much more than most of us realize to provide happiness and contentment.

2） Work is more than a necessity for most human beings；it is the focus of their lives，the source of their identity and creativity.

3） Rather than a punishment or a burden，work is the opportunity to realize one's potential.

4） The more scientists find out，the more questions they are unable to answer.

9.表示条件或假设的结构

1） Without the distraction of TV，they might sit around together after dinner.

2） As long as the brain is given plenty of exercise it keeps its power.

3） Were it left to me to decide whether we should _______, I should not hesitate a moment to prefer the latter.

4） Without a degree and with no vocational experience their chances of getting good jobs are slim.

10.表示举例

1） Take ______for example，

2） An illustration（例证）may make the point clear.

11.表示采取措施

1） The government should be taking effective（有效的）measures to overcome current difficulties.

2） As college students, we are obliged to make every effort to help support the Olympic Games.

3） The school authorities should invest more energy and money in improving working and living conditions for the teachers.

12.表示让步关系

1） While it may be more convenient to possess a car，it is also expensive and troublesome at times.

2） Although I do not earn a great deal of money for this job，the pleasure I receive from the work makes it worthwhile.

13.表示因果或前提关系

1） Because of(owing to) the pressure（压力）of examinations， many students are left with little or no free time.

2） Perhaps it's because few of us know how to accept compliments（赞扬）gracefully.

3） That is why housework is considered as such a dreary grind（乏味的苦差事）。

4） The reason for this is that

14.表示存在的问题

1）One of the greatest problems facing the 21st century will be what to do with all the rubbish produced in the world.

2） To travel abroad is a desire shared by many people，but few can afford to do it.

3） Cheating is now considered to be a major problem in colleges and universities.

4） Many people find it harder and harder to keep up with the radical changes that characterize our time.

5） At first thought， the problem seems far too involved （复杂），but it can certainly be solved when seriously dealt with .

15． There be结构

1） There are other techniques that might help you with you studying.

2） There is much that we can learn from the Chinese classic works.

3） There is no sense（道理）in leaving important decisions to inexperienced people.

精彩废话万能句

The rapid progress in science and technology has given a powerful shove-ahead to the productive forces of the world and the economic and social development of humanity.

科技的快速发展带给世界生产力和人类经济和社会的发展一个强劲的推动力

…can help one stand tall and aim far, broaden one's vision and give full play to one's intelligence and wisdom on the broad arena of the modernization drive.

站的高看的远,开扩自己的视野,在现代化建设的大舞台上充分发挥个人才智

Let’s join hands and work together to contribute a greater part to the harmony of our society.

让我们携手共同奋斗，为建设和谐社会作出更大的贡献！

Famous scientist Marie Curie once said, “Nothing in life is to be feared; it is only to be understood.” In the same ways, once we understand the causes of this phenomenon, we can confidently believe that we will solve the problem with the following means:

精彩虚词

1. admittedly 应当承认: Admittedly, a few governments have taken timid measures.

2. simply 简而言之: The answer is simply money.

3. surely 肯定地: This is surely the most short-sighted policy you could imagine.

4. increasingly 不断增长地 While money is eagerly collected in vast sums with one hand, it is paid out in increasingly vaster sums with the other.

必背经典句型

1. There is no sport I enjoy more than swimming.

2. Nothing is more important than perseverance in achieving success.

3. I don’t imagine anything we cannot do so long as we persist.

4. There is no denying that our economy is developing by leaps and bounds.

5. It is universally acknowledged that what he has done was a mistake.

6. It is conceivable (可想而知的) / obvious / apparent / that there will be a new economic crisis throughout the world, but we hope it won’t happen.".

7. It goes without saying （不言而喻）that we have to work hard if we want to learn a foreign language well.

8. Science to the human mind is what air or water is to the body科学之于人类思想正如水或空气之于身体

9. Crisis is to us what illness is to our body.

10. A life without a friend is a life without a sun. 人生没有朋友，犹如人生没有太阳

11. General Lee is everything General Grant is not.

12. Great changes have taken place since our country entered WTO.

13. On no account can we lie.

14. Under no circumstances should we reveal our secret.

15. There is no one but longs to communicate with others

16. So precious is time that we can’t afford to waste it.

17. It is high time we did something to change the situation.

18. The situation will worsen unless some steps are taken to stop it.

19. The reasons why I am the most partial to blue are threefold.

20. We should spare no effort to make a success of our career.

21. It pays to take part in social works in order to know the outside world better.

22. Listening to music enables us to feel relaxed.

23. We should bring home to people the value of working hard.

24. Taking exercise is closely related to health.

25. The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired.

26. …change the course of history…/…turn over a new leaf…/…shape the destiny of a nation…/…shape the world… /…break a new ground…

27. Smoking has a great influence on our health.

28. Pollution poses a great threat to our existence.

29. We shall do our utmost to change and reverse the current situation.

30. Time is more than money.

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