人物+事物—+事理说明(说明文)

3.1人物说明(说明文)

优秀范文

Mark Twain

马克?吐温

Mark Twin(1853～1910),one of the best known American writers in the nineteenth century, was born in Missouri in the middle part of the United States.

Mark Twain’s hometown lay on the banks of the Mississippi River, where he spent his childhood. When he grew up he worked as a pilot on a river boat for some time. Mark Twain is his pen name, he took it from the shout of the sailor measuring the depth of the water when the water was two marks deep on the lead line.

Mark Twain wrote a lot of novels, one of which is TOM SAWYER, the masterpiece which brought him fame and honour. Some of his writings have been translated into many languages. He and his works are deeply loved by readers throughout the world. the nineteenth century 19世纪

in the middle part of 在……中部

the Mississippi River 密西西比河

grow up 长大

pen name 笔名

TOM SAWYER 汤姆?索亚历险记

translate...into 把……译成……

China’s First Spaceman—Yang Liwei

中国的第一个太空人——杨利伟

Yang Liwei, born in Liaoning Province, who is a pilot, is 38 years old.

On Oct.15th, China launched its Shenzhou Ⅴ manned spacecraft, with astronaut Yang Liwei aboard and Yang has become China’s first astronaut. Yang and his spacecraft orbited the earth 14 times during about 21 hours before he safely landed in North China the next day. The successful launch and return of the spacecraft made China the third country in space after Russia and the United States, and this marked the great success of the manned space program of China.

born in Liaoning Province 生于辽宁省

launch Shenzhou Ⅴ manned spacecraft 发射神州五号人造飞船

spacecraft orbited the earth 14 times 人造飞船绕地球轨道飞行14周

the successful launch and return of the spacecraft

人造飞船的成功发射和回归

This marked the great success of the manned space program of China.

这标志着中国在人造飞船方面取得了巨大的成功。

Our English Teacher

我们的英语老师

Our English teacher, Mr. Wang, is thirty years old. He is strongly built and simply dressed. He has been teaching English in our school since he graduated from the Foreign Department of Shandong University in 1983. He has devoted himself to teaching. In order to improve our

English, he often prepares lessons late into the night and tries his best to make his classes lively and interesting. The students in our class think highly of his classes. Not only is he strict with us but also he shows great concern for us. He often offers to help out the students with difficulties in life and studies. We consider him as our good teacher and friend, so we are willing to ask him for help when we are in trouble. We all love and respect him.

simply dressed 衣着俭朴

graduate from the Foreign Department of Shan dong University

毕业于山东大学英语系

devote himself to teaching 致力于教学late into the night 深夜

try his best to make his classes lively and interesting

尽力使他的课堂生动有趣

think highly of 高度评价，高度赞扬

help out the students with difficulties 帮助学生摆脱困难

My Little Cousin

我的小表妹

My little cousin is a middle school student. She studies Chinese, English, maths, history and other subjects at school. She works hard at all the subjects, but her favourite subject is English. She often talks with her teachers and classmates in English. Now China has been a member of the WTO and the Olympic Games will be held in Beijing in 2008. English is becoming more and more important. She makes up her mind to learn it well.

China has been a member of the WTO.

中国成为世界贸易组织的一员。

English is becoming more and more important.

英语变得越来越重要。

She makes up her mind to learn it well.

她（我的表妹）下决心学好英语。

描写本类主题常用语言集锦

My uncle is an engineer and he works in Chicago.

我的叔叔是个工程师，他在芝加哥工作。

That woman is a widow. Her husband died four years ago.

那个女人是个寡妇，她丈夫四年前去世了。

My grandfather spent his childhood in Mississippi.

我的祖父在密西西比度过了他的童年。

A young married couple bought the new house down the street from you.

一对年轻夫妇买了你们大街那头的那栋新房子。

Mary and Lucy used to go to many places together.

玛丽和露西以前常常一起去很多地方。

Miss Williams can read and write French very well.

威廉斯小姐能够很自如地用法语看书和写东西。

My sister speaks Cantonese very fluently.

我姐姐广州话说得很流利。

Mr. Johnson’s native language is English.

约翰逊先生的本国语是英语。

I am twenty-three years old. 我二十三岁。

My sister is not quite about twenty. 我妹妹还不到二十岁。

Rambo is not thirty yet, isn’t he? 兰博还不到三十，对吗？

Miss Louise is still in her twenties. 露易斯小姐才二十几岁。

I am two years older than my sister is. 我比妹妹大两岁。

How many people are there in your family? 你家有几个人？

There are four of us altogether. 我们总共有四个人。

I am the youngest child in my family. 我是家里最小的孩子。

My grandfather is going to be seventy next month.

我的祖父下个月就70岁了。

3.2事物说明(说明文)

优秀范文

The Chinese People’s Dream中国人的梦想

The Chinese people have been dreaming of going into space for a long time. In the years 1999 to 2002 China launched three unmanned spacecrafts successfully. On Dec. 31th, 2002, the launch of the fourth spacecraft “Shenzhou Ⅴ” was another big success and the spacecraft returned to the earth safe on January 5th, 2003. During its flight, seven scientific experiments were carried out. The purpose of the flight is to make preparations for the launch of a manned spacecraft next time. The successful launch and return shows that China is able to send a person into space soon. In 2003, the first manned spacecraft is expected to be sent into space. By then the Chinese dream has come true.

have been dreaming of going into space.

一直梦想进入太空。

unmanned spacecraft 无人驾驶飞船during its flight 在飞行期间

carry out 开展，进行make preparations for 为……作准备

be able to send a person into space 有能力载人进入太空

by then 到那时

Mobile Phones

手机

Great changes have been taking place in the ownership of mobile phones in China. At the end of 2002, there were 20 million mobile phone users. By the year 2005, the number will reach up to 30 million.

People have found mobile phones very convenient. They can get in touch with each other whenever and wherever they like. Moreover, there are many different functions for different needs, such as sending short messages and surfing the Internet. However, it may also bring us some trouble. For example, you will have to pay for a wrong number, and the radiation from the phone may do harm to our health. In spite of this, the number of people having mobile phones is still increasing steadily.

Great changes have been taking place in the ownership of mobile

phones in China. 在中国，手机的拥有量发生了很大的变化。

reach up to 达到

They can get in touch with each other whenever and wherever they like.

他们能随时随地取得联系。

send short messages and surf the Internet 传送短信和上网

The radiation from the phone may do harm to our health.

手机的辐射或许对我们的身体有害。

My Favorite Newspaper

我最喜爱的报纸

21st Century is my favourite newspaper. It is an English language newspaper, which is published in Beijing each week. It has sections of different kinds, including News of the week, Today’s World, Language Class, Sports and Music and Students Report. There are plenty of beautiful pictures and interesting articles in it. I enjoy reading the paper. I read it to improve my English. I have learnt a lot of new words and useful expressions from it. Besides, I can get information about different things, from politics to sports and music. 21st Century is very popular with students and English learners. I do love it.

sections of different kinds 不同的版面

plenty of 大量，许多

useful expressions 常用表达

be very popular with 很受欢迎

I do love it. 我非常喜欢它。

My Family’s Yard

我家的院子

I think that my family’s yard is about 0.78 acres. It has trees, flowers, vegetables and a small hill.

There’s a path of bricks that are laid out on the ground by the front door, it separates my yard in half from north to south. On the front right side of the brick path, two large Japanese peach trees are planted. Every August is picking season, and the peaches are very big and delicious. If we don’t hurry and pick the peaches, they’ll drop all over the ground and if you accidentally step on one, the peach juice will make your shoes turn blood red.

Behind the peach trees lies a very big plum tree, it has a mass of branches and leaves. This year was very dry, we didn’t spray enough water, therefore we didn’t get to pick plums. On the other side there’s a big oak tree. The tree branches are very thick and I frequently wrap a piece of rope around the branch and use it as a swing for playing.

On the left of the brick path there’s a row of small trees separating the front and back halves. In the front, there’s a garden, in the garden there are cockscombs, hydrangeas and roses; it is very colorful and pretty. The breeze carries with it, the faint scent of flowers. If you just gently inhale the smell, it makes you feel really good.

Behind the little trees, there’s a big garden of vegetables. In the garden there are potatoes, lettuces, tomatoes and peppers. Every year there are always vegetables left over. Behind this garden, there’s a grape trellis and on the trellis there are grapevines.

Beside the grape trellis, there’s a small hill. My brother and I would always climb onto the hill and back down playing hide and seek.

I really like my yard and the trees, flowers, vegetables and the small hill.

Genius only means hard working all one’s life.天才仅仅意味着终生不懈的努力。

lay out 计划，设计

separate my yard in half from north to south

把院子从北到南分开

picking season 收获季节

turn blood red 变成血红色

plum 李子oak 橡树

tree branches 树枝

cockscomb 鸡冠花

hydrangea 八仙花

lettuce 莴苣

pepper 胡椒

trellis 格子

grapevine 葡萄树

My Favorite Program—“Animal Word”

我最喜欢的电视节目——“动物世界”

“Animal word” is my favorite program. First, I like small animals very much. Second, the host has the ability to make the program lively and interesting. Third, from the program I gained a lot of knowledge about animal life, which I didn’t know before. By watching the program I understand the relationship between people and animals and between people and nature. Also I know the importance of nature protection.

I know animals are part of nature. They cannot be separated from the humans. If the humans want to live well, we must keep nature in balance.

Finally, we should let everyone understand this and show our love toward nature and animals and stop doing harm to them.

the host 主持人

gain a lot of knowledge 获得大量的知识

the relationship between people and animals and between people and

nature 人与动物、人与自然之间的关系

the importance of nature protection 自然保护的重要性

keep nature in balance 保持生态平衡

My Experience in Examination

考试经历

Talking of examinations, I feel that they are one of the important activities in our school life. All through my school days, I have gone through all kinds of examinations and I have tasted the flavor of happiness, sadness and laughter.

Before every examination, there is always a certain time for me to suffer. During examinations, I am nervous and my heart beats hard. After examinations, the world seems to be bright again and I become lively again. We often blame the teachers for making trouble for us on purpose, but in fact, it is unfair to say so.

talk of 谈起，谈到

all through my school days 整个学校生活

go through 经历，遭受

a certain time 某一时间

blame the teachers 责备老师

on purpose 有意，故意

Our School

我们的学校

Our school lies at the foot of a small hill. A little river passes by it. A chemical works was built south of our school two years ago. A great deal of poisonous gas had been sent out into the air and a large amount of waste water had been poured into the river. The terrible pollution had done great harm to us as well as to the surroundings.

Now, the government has taken many steps to protect our surroundings and prevent it from being polluted. Now, as you see, our school looks like a beautiful garden. In our schoolyard there are green trees and all kinds of flowers all the year round.

at the foot of 在脚下 south of our school 学校南面

a great deal of poisonous gas 大量的有毒气体

send out 发出，释放出 a large amount of 大量

do great harm to 对……有害

prevent...from 阻止……免于…… as you see 正如你所看见的

all the year round 整年

Computers in China

中国的电脑

According to a recent investigation, about 30% of the city families have computers. Besides, many village people are more and more interested in computers and some of them even have bought computers. About 70% of the parents bought computers for their children to study, and some for their work. And even some people bought them for entertainment. The fact how the middle school students use the computers really surprises us. Only about 30% of them use computers to find out useful information. About 60% of them use computers to chat with other people on the Internet. What is worse, about 60% use computers to play games and 20% use computers to watch VCDs or listen to music. In my opinion, we should make better use of our best invention-computers.

according to a recent investigation 根据最近的调查

many village people 许多村民

find out useful information 查找有用的信息

chat with other people on the Internet 在网上聊天

what is worse 更糟的是

in my opinion 依我看来make better use of 更好地利用

Our English Corner

我们的英语角

Our English Corner was set up a year ago. Every Sunday afternoon, students from different classes gather around here. Hundreds of students have been here since it appeared. In the corner, we practise English with each other. Many teachers often join in the activities of our English Corner, too. We talk in English about everything that we are interested in. We usually have many topics to talk about at the English Corner, such as your hobby, your family, your hometown and so on. We can also learn by heart some usual expressions and greetings. We also learn English songs, play English games and so on. We all have a good time here. We feel that we have learned a lot that can’t be learned in English classes. So our English Corner has become necessary and more and more popular among middle school students, their parents and teachers.

If you want to know more about the corner, join us.

set up 建立

hundreds of students 几百个学生

join in the activities of our English Corner 加入我们的英语角活动

such as your hobby 例如你的爱好

usual expressions 常用表达

more and more popular 越来越流行

A Good Habit—Early Rising

一个好习惯——早起

Early rising is a good habit for everyone. It is beneficial to us in many ways. Firstly, it helps to keep us healthy. We can breathe the fresh air in the morning. It’s fun for us to take a walk along the street. Secondly, early rising helps us with our studies. When we get up very early in the morning, everything around us is quiet. In the morning we learn more quickly and memorize what we learn easily. Thirdly, early rising gives us enough time to get ready for our work, such as to wash our hands and faces and to eat breakfast properly.

a good habit 好习惯

in many ways 在许多方面

take a walk 散步

help...with 帮助某人做某事

get ready for 准备做某事

Please Protect Your Eyes.

请保护好你的眼睛

Now more and more students, senior or junior, even the pupils in primary schools, are near-sighted. For example, sixty percent of the students in our class wear glasses. How serious the situation is! What cause them to be near-sighted? It is because we read books all day, so eyes are too tired. At the same time, most of us don’t pay attention to the right posture of writing. It is well-known that eyes are the important part of our body.We use them to see all the things around us.Without eyes we can not study or work well.So people say eyes are the window of the soul.Of course,glasses are a great help if we are near-sighted.But it is inconvenient with glasses on your face. Though everyone knows the importance of our eyes, not all of us understand how to protect them. I think, first, after we have worked for about an hour or so, we’d better let our eyes have a rest—either close the eyes for a short time or look into the distance. Second, we should’t read in the sun, or in a poor light, or in a moving bus, and do remember reading on bed is a bad habit.Third, we should pay attention to the distance from eyes to the book. Don’t read too close to the book. Finally, we should insist on doing eye-exercise every day. In short, we should try our best to keep our eyes bright.

primary schools 小学

near-sighted 近视

How serious the situation is! 这种情况多严重啊!

pay attention to 注意

the right posture of writing 正确的书写姿势

Eyes are the window of the soul. 眼睛是心灵的窗户.

insist on doing eye-exercise 坚持做眼保健操

A Ten-Minute Break

课间十分钟

As students, we have classes from early morning till late afternoon. Therefore, to take a ten-minute break between classes is very important and necessary. Otherwise, we will feel tired.

During the ten-minute break we do something to get rid of our tiredness. What we need most is to have a good rest instead of doing more things and getting more tired. So we shouldn’t do anything that can make us too excited.

My ten-minute break is always pleasing. I usually do some simple exercises, for example, have a chat with others, take a walk and so on. When the next class begins, I feel fresh and comfortable.

have classes from early morning till late afternoon 从早到晚上课

therefore 因此

get rid of our tiredness 消除疲劳

have a good rest 好好休息

instead of 代替，顶替

have a chat with others 和其他人聊天

描写本类主题常用语言集锦

The international Olympic Committee constituted itself on 23rd June 1894.

国际奥委会于1894年6月23日成立。

My new dress is similar to the one you have.

我的新衣服和你的那件很相似。

The car is made up of many different parts.

汽车是由不同的部件构成的。

A personal computer has three simple and clear parts.

个人计算机由简洁的三部分组成。

The telephone makes things easy in many ways.

电话在许多方面给人带来方便。

The telephone is one of the most welcome and useful things.

电话是最受欢迎、最有用的东西之一。

The telephone can shorten the distance from their parents.

电话可以缩短他们与父母的距离。

The telephone is especially important. 电话尤其重要。

We can’t live without the telephone in our daily life.

我们在日常生活中离不开电话。

That bird is very rare in this country. 那种鸟在这个国家很稀少。

Don’t forget to change its water every day. 不要忘了每天换水。

Alone is a kind of the most popular natural plant.

芦荟是最流行的一种天然植物。

It is valuable not only for watching, but also for using.

它不仅具有观赏功能，而且有使用价值。

It has many thick leaves with some small needles.

它有大量的带有一些小刺的肥厚的叶子。

The leaves are straight. 叶是直的。

Its flowers are very beautiful. 花很美。

They are afraid of coldness. 它们害怕寒冷。

It can be made into food. 它能做成食品。

This apple tree grows from tiny seeds. 这棵苹果树是从极小的种子长大的。

3.3事理说明(说明文)

优秀范文

Motto—New Beijing, Great Olympics

口号——新北京，新奥运

Reform and opening up to the outside world have brought about great changes in Beijing, a city with a 3,000-year history. The city has taken on a completely new look as it enters the new century. It will embrace the athletes and friends from the rest of the world attending the Olympic Games with great enthusiasm.

The great modern Olympic Movement has gone through many changes in the past 100 years. The Olympic Games should be held in China, the most populous nation in the world, the Olympic spirit will be even further disseminated and a new page will be turned in the Olympic history; and the Olympic Movement will show its unique splendor to the world in the new millennium.

reform and opening up to the outside world 对外改革开放

bring about great changes 产生巨大变化

a city with a 3,000-year history 三千年历史的城市

take on a completely new look 呈现新的面貌

with great enthusiasm 极度热情地

populous nation 人口众多的国家millennium 千年

A Pair of Red Shoes

一双红鞋

I have ever seen a pair of red shoes with some colored butterflies on them. They were so beautiful that I like them at first glance. But I couldn’t persuade my mother to buy them for me. I had to make up my mind to realize my wish by myself. So I kept on saving money for several months. The shoes were bought at last. However, to my surprise, the shoes didn’t fit me. When I was walking, my feet were blistered from the rubbing. From then on, I didn’t dare to wear them any longer. Day by day, I am growing up. Thanks to the pair of shoes, I have set up my own philosophy. There are so many temptations all our lives, but what we choose should first suit ourselves. We can’t wrong ourselves for other’s eyes. The shoes on our feet may be neither pretty nor charming, but both of which just fit ourselves. So no matter what we may do, perhaps it isn’t interesting or after our hearts, if we devote ourselves to it, we are sure to make great success.

at first glance 乍看

persuade my mother to buy them for me 说服母亲给我买鞋

make up my mind to do sth. 下定决心做某事

keep on 继续，持续

to my surprise 令我感到惊奇

temptation 诱惑

thanks to the pair of shoes 由于那双鞋

The Use of Computer

电脑的使用

According to the survey by “Robert Computing Magazine”, computer sales increased greatly from 1992 to 2002. The total sales in 1992 were shown to be less than 5 million. However, from 1992 to 2002, computer sales rose rapidly. For example, computer sold to businesses increased from 2.5 million to 22 million while computers sold for home use went from 2.0 million up to 12.5 million. Schools also bought computers, but the sales wasn’t as big as that of homes and businesses, only rising to 4.7 million. It can be predicted that more computers will be sold in the following years because computers have already come into every field in people’s lives.

according to the survey 根据调查

less than 不到，少于

for example 例如up to 达到

it can be predicted 据推测

come into every field in people’s lives

进入人们生活中的每一领域

Students Like Optional Course

学生喜欢选修课

This term our school has offered more than 10 optional courses, from which students can choose. The courses are given from 3∶30 to 5∶00 every Tuesday afternoon.

Students take great interest in the optional courses. Their favorites are computer, spoken English, arts and so on. They say they have learned a lot that is not taught in textbooks and they have got a great deal of practice. However, students are not quite satisfied. They hope more optional courses will be offered while their homework should be less. They suggest more trips and visits should be organized so that they can learn more about what is going on outside school.

Students take great interest in the optional courses.

学生对选修课非常感兴趣。

learn a lot 学会许多（知识）

a great deal of practice 大量的练习

learn more about what is going on outside school

了解更多学校外面的世界

Watching Film or TV?

看电影还是看电视?

There are fewer people watching films now than before. Meanwhile, people watching TV are more and more. The reason for this is that TV industry has developed rapidly. TV provides many kinds of interesting programs. People prefer to stay at home watching TV rather than go out to see a movie. Besides, people are richer than before and many families can afford color TV sets.

Although movies are giving way to TV, there are still some people who like seeing films not only because good films are not shown on TV but also because film has its own advantages. prefer to...rather than 宁愿……而不愿

afford 支费

give way to 让步，在先

not only...but also 不仅……而且

How to Practice Our Spoken English

怎样练习我们的英语口语

In class you need to answer your teacher’s questions. If you meet a foreigner, you’d better talk with him in English. And it is a good way to practice our spoken English. Secondly, you’d better buy a short wave radio to pick up the English programmes. There are a lot of good English language programmes broadcast on the radio. Those programmes are usually easy to receive and not difficult to understand. They are of great help to you in learning English. At last, you can find some pen-friends in English-speaking countries and write to them in English. If you have some questions, you can write them down and ask for some information you need. Thus, I’m sure every learner can learn English well.

had better talk with him in English 最好和他用英语交谈

It is a good way to practice our spoken English.

这是练习英语口语的好办法。

short wave radio 短波收音机

pick up the English programmes 收听英语节目

pen-friends 笔友

How I Improve My Writing

我是怎样提高英语写作的

I began to practice English writing a year ago. Though I’m very glad to say that I have made some progress, I still have a long way to go. Some pen friends and my classmates asked me how I improved my writing. Here I’d like to tell my story.

When I began to learn writing last term, I made many mistakes in grammar and also in idioms. I often thought in Chinese and just translated what I had in mind into English. My English teacher, Mr. Sun, helped me. He pointed out my mistakes and told me that I should try to think in English, not in Chinese, pay attention to English grammar and idioms, and use simple sentences whenever I can. I did as he said. When I finished writing, I read it very carefully and checked it up. As soon as I found out mistakes, I corrected them at once. I have kept on doing this and found I am making fewer mistakes than before. My teacher says I have improved a lot and he encourages me to continue practicing. No pains, no gains. Through nearly a year of practice, my writing has improved. I’m very lucky that two of my short English articles have been carried in the newspapers. I have become even more interested in writing. I’m an ordinary girl and I’m not very clever. But I know it is very important to keep on practicing. Practice makes perfect. So I think three things are important in learning writing: first, we must be sure of ourselves; second, we should pay attention to English grammar and idioms; third, we must keep on practicing and be more careful in writing. Do you think so? practice English writing 练习英语写作

make some progress 取得一些进步

make many mistakes in grammar 在语法上犯错

point out my mistakes 指出我的缺点

No pains, no gains. 没有付出,就没有收获。

be sure of ourselves 相信我们自己

Learning How to Swim

学游泳

During summer holidays, my good friend Chuanchuan and I went to join a swimming class. Before, I only knew how to do dog paddle—like a dog falling into the water and trying to swim. At the swimming class, my teacher told us how to really swim. First, she taught us how to do the crawl. For the crawl we had to breathe on both the left and the right sides. After that, my teacher taught us how to do backstroke. For swimming backstroke, our arms needed to go back in a circular motion. My teacher demonstrated the backstroke first before teaching, and then we followed her.

Sometimes, our teacher let us play a game called “catch the ring”. This was how we played it: someone took a rubber ring and threw it into the water, then we dived down in the water and brought it back up to the surface. We all played happily.

Now I know how to swim!

a swimming class 一个游泳班

how to do dog paddle 怎样狗刨式游泳

how to do backstroke 怎样仰泳

throw it into the water 把它扔进水中

bring it back up to the surface 把它拿到水面上

描写本类主题常用语言集锦

because of 因为as a result of 由于……原因

thanks to 幸亏，由于due to由于

owing to因为，由于therefore因此

thus 这样as a result 结果so因此

to conclude 据推断in a word总之

in brief 简而言之to sum up总计，合计

Smoking will shorten people’s life.

吸烟将会缩短人们的寿命。

Many rare animals have disappeared.

许多珍稀动物消失了。

The balance of nature is broken.

自然界的生态平衡被破坏了。

To save animals means to save the earth.

拯救动物就是拯救地球。

The medicine should be kept in cool, dry places.

此药应保存在阴凉、干燥处。

This medicine has a great effect on him.

这药对他很有效。

Plants are very important living things.

植物是非常重要的生物 。

Life could not go on if there were no plants.

没有植物，生命就无法维持。

According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.

依照最近的一项调查，每年有4，000，000人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。

The latest surveys show that quite a few children have unpleasant associations with

homework. 最近的调查显示相当多的孩子对家庭作业没什么好感。