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雅思小作文常见类型解析

小作文一般都是图表作文，常见的几种主要类型有：表格图，曲线图，柱状图，饼状图和图画题五大类。一般来说，柱图和线图是每月常考的题型，有时候会有连考或者交替考的趋势。

饼图和表格题也是相对频率较高的题型。偶尔也会考综合题。图画题主要分为流程图和地图题，一般每季度轮换题库的时候会出现。不管考到哪种题型，其要求都是一致的，先要挑选重要数值并且在相关处作比较。

在雅思A类小作文图表题的写作当中，考生经常会碰到图表看懂了，但因数据比较凌乱，找不出很明显的特征，或者找到了很多特征，却不知道应该用什么样的思路来把图表当中的重要信息和规律特征有机自然的联系贯穿起来的情况。本文将从动态图表和静态图表的角度来详细分析小作文的解题思路。

一、动态图

有时间推移变化的图我们通常叫做动态图。曲线图都是动态图，但是对于表格图，饼图和柱图却有动态和静态之分。对于大多数的动态图我们都可以大致当作线图来处理。动态图重点在数字变化的表达上，利用主语句型的不同和衔接关联词来展开。写好动态图的基础是要准备好三个方面：

1. 解题思路

1).表格题的动态题解题思路大致可以分为四步：①先相减(年份大的减小的);②后分类(上升一类，下降一类);③挑出极值(最大值);④挑选数值(倍数关系，变化明显的数值);

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2).线图的解题思路大致分为两种：第一种：①按整条线来写(可以把相同趋势的线放在一起，也可把相反趋势的线拿来做对比);②挑选重要信息(整体趋势，起点，重点，最高点，最低点);③整体作比较。第二种：①按时间区间来写(横轴对上去有共同拐点或交点的分为一段);②对比着写(强调交点，拐点，最高点，最低点);

3). 动态柱图解题思路：把各个柱子的顶点连起来就是几条线，所以按线图方式处理;

4). 动态饼图解题思路：把每种颜色看做一条线，可把相同相反的颜色放在一起写，很多时候也可以把占的比例最大的单独写一部分。

2. 基础替换词汇

1). 趋势词汇

上升动词类：increase, rise, grow, jump, surge, shoot up, soar

下降动词类：decrease, decline, fall down, drop, sink, dip

波动动词类：fluctuate

持平动词类：remain the same, stabilize, remain stable, remain constant

修饰动词的副词：slightly 轻微地，slowly 缓慢地，gradually 逐渐地，steadily 稳定地，rapidly迅速地，moderately 温和地，轻微地，significantly 明显地，sharply 明显地，dramatically急剧地，drastically 急剧地

上升名词类：increase, rise, growth, jump, surge

下降名词类：decrease, decline, fall, reduction, drop

波动名词类：fluctuation

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修饰名词的形容词：slight, slow, gradual, steady, rapid, moderate, significant,sharp, dramatic, drastic

2). 极值类词汇和表达

最高点：reach the peak/top/highest point

Increase to the peak/top/highest point(所有上升类的动词都可以替换掉increase) 最低点：reach the bottom/lowest point

drop to the bottom/lowest point(所有下降类的动词都可以替换掉drop)

占了：occupy/make up/take up/account for/represent/constitute

3). 倍数的表达方式

Double 是两倍/大一倍

Increase/decrease three times 增长/减少了三倍

4). 大约的表达方式

Approximately/About/around+数字

3. 常用的小作文的趋势句式表达

句式一：变化主体/图画中主体+趋势动词+副词+数值+时间区间

Eg: The number of aged people over 65 increased significantly from 1million in 1940 to

1.2 million in 2000.

句式二：There be+形容词+表示趋势的名词+in+变化的主体+时间区间

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Eg: There was a significant increase in the number of aged people over 65from 1 million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.

句式三：时间+see/experience/witness+ 表示趋势的名词+in+ 变化的主体+ 数值 Eg: The period from 1940 to 2000 saw an upward trend in the number of agedpeople over 65 from 1 million to 1.2 million.

句式四：表示趋势的名词+be+seen/experienced/witnessed+in+变化的主体+时间 Eg: An upward trend was seen in the number of aged people over 65 from 1million in 1940 to 1.2million in 2000.

二、静态图

静态图常见的是柱图，饼图和表格题。静态图的写作思路相对比较多元化，重点在比较关系上，利用比较句式和排序方式来展开。我们主要也从以下几个角度来分析：

1. 解题思路

1).表格题的静态题解题思路大致可以分为三步：①先分类(横向，纵向或者横竖交替);②挑出极值(最大值与最小值);③挑选剩余数值(倍数关系，两个数值，变化明显的数值);

2). 静态柱图解题思路：第一种：①按颜色来分类;②总体做比较。第二种：①按特征分(把有相同特征的分在一起);

3). 静态饼图解题思路：①若单个饼图不相关时，单个饼图分开写最后整体总结;②若是同一相关事物的比较也是按颜色特征先分类，后作比较。

2. 基础替换词汇

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1). 占据：

take up / make up / occupy/ account for

Constitute / be the instrument of 致成物

2). 剩余事物：

the rest

the remainder

sth is in the charge of

due to/owing to/attributed/ascribed to/ for sth

60%= three-fifths/three out of five

5/6=five-sixths

a/the majority of = a large portion/ part/ share / proportion/percentage

>80% (93%)= a lion’s share/maximal proportion of

5%= a minority of, a tiny portion

37.8%= comparatively a majority of (<50%的最大值)

87%/76% = comparatively a minority of

3. 静态图表示数值方式句式表达

1). 多个事物的排列法一(饼图，柱形图，表格)

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①A is the largest/smallest/longest...

②B is a close/far second with just+数字less.

或者：which is followed by B.

③Third comes C with only +数字

或者：C is close/far behind with +数字

或者：C takes third spot/place with +数字

④Following C comes D with +数字

⑤Finally/the rest is ,……

2). 多个事物的排列法二(饼图，柱形图，表格)

A occupied the maximal portion of the 研究对象, with 数字, while B accounted

forcomparatively less rate, with only _(占据), ranking second. Furthermore, thethird, forth and fifth places(或者用数字)altogether of the 研究对象 was shared by C,D andE(共享). The remaining part of it was due to F, G, H, I and J which follow thesame trend and taking sixth, seventh, eighth, ninth and tenthrespectively.(剩余)

以上就是“雅思写作小作文分类说明”，仅供大家在雅思考试前参考学习，只要在雅思考试前进行了充分的准备，就会在雅思考试中取得满意的分数的。

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第二篇：雅思Task 2作文首段常见类型

雅思Task 2作文首段常见类型

1、两分式

例1．Whether or not TV is playing a vital role in children’s behavioral development is still a controversial issue today. Some educators believe that young children can widen their intellectual horizons by watching TV programmes. Others take the view that it has a negative effect on them because an increasing number of programmes are replete with unwholesome content. While both arguments are right to some extent, I am more in favour of the former view.

例2．Currently a growing number of governments are investing some money in museums. Some people believe this will benefit the whole society while others maintain that the government should tighten its budget and spend the money on more important things. In my mind, the former view does make sense.

2、转折式

例1．Children are often taught how to distinguish right from wrong by both parents and teachers. Some people believe that teachers should take the full responsibility of inculcating good behavior in children. Yet, in my view, the responsibility of children’s education lies primarily with their parents.

例2．Whether workers like doctors and teachers are undervalued or not is a debatable issue. However, I believe that workers such as teachers and doctors should be paid more money for countless reasons.

3、设问式

例1．In an era of accelerated economic growth, fast food is becoming more and more popular . many people prefer to have fast food, such as hamburgers, hot dogs, rather than sit together sharing a home-cooked dinner, how do we see this phenomenon? This essay attempts to discuss its advantages and disadvantages.

例2．It is an undeniable fact that many people have forgotten their history and cultural roots now. Some have even gone so far as to totally get rid of their cultural tradition and toe the line with other cultures. Can people bear in mind their history and cultural roots by wearing traditional costumes every day? My answer is definitely negative.

4、让步式

例1．Nowadays, more and more businesses do not permit their employees to smoke in the offices. At the same time, some governments even ban smoking in all public place. Although some people may feel this will take away their freedom to some extent, it is apparently a good decision in the eyes of most

people.

例2．Most new students find unexpected loneliness on the first day in college. This normally leads to problems such as homesickness and depression. Although the college authorities have adopted various measures to deal with them, more effort should be put into this problem to help the students our as quickly as possible.

例3．It is true that surveillance cameras have been very effective not only in protecting the public from muggings, theft and other antisocial behaviors but also in cutting down on the number of road accidents at traffic lights. However, like any powerful system, they can also create problems if they are misused.

5、直叙式

例1．The essay title proposes that younger people are to be preferred as employees because they are more able to accept changes in the workplace compared to a more mature workforce.

例2．I agree entirely with the opinion in the title, there is increasing evidence that climate changes are not just random but are being accelerated by industrial activity, particularly in developed countries. Many nations are recording extreme

weather conditions, such as the wettest year on record, or the hottest summer on record. Sea levels are rising and sea temperatures are increasing more rapidly than before.