四级翻译词汇总结

古代典籍 Famous Ancient Books

《 春秋 》 The Spring and Autumn Annals

《 史记 》 Historical Records

《 诗经 》 The Book of Songs

《 书经 》 The Book of History

《 易经 》 The Book of Changes

《 礼记 》 The Book of Rites

四书： The Four Books:

《 大学 》 The Great Learning

《 中庸 》 The Doctrine of the Mean

《 论语 》 The Analects of Confucius

《 孟子 》 The Mencius

《 山海经 》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers

《 本草纲目 》 Compendium of Materia Medica

《 资治通鉴 》 History Retold as a Mirror for Rulers

《 西厢记 》The Romance of West Chamber

《 三国演义 》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms

《 水浒传 》 Heroes of the Marshes ; Water Margins

《 西游记 》 Pilgrimage to the West

《 红楼梦 》Dream of the Red Mansions ; The story of the Stone

《 聊斋志异 》 Strange Tales of a Lonely Studio

概述 General Terms

爱国主义精神 patriotism

诚实守信 honesty

全民健身运动 nationwide

集体主义 collectivism

为人民服务 serving the people

重要文化遗产 major cultural heritage

优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts

公民道德建设实施纲要 The Program for Improving Civic Morality

弘扬主旋律，提倡多样化 highlight the central theme of the times while encouraging diversity fitness campaign 社会公德，职业道德和家庭美德教育 education in social and professional ethics and family virtues 深入群众，深入生活 go deep among the masses and into the thick of life

奉献无愧于时代的作品 contribute to the people works worthy of the times

中华文明博大精深，源远流长

The Chinese civilization is extensive and profound , and has a long history

自立于世界民族之林 stand proudly in the family of nations

艺术及工艺 Arts and Crafts

版画 engraving

贝雕画 shell carving picture

彩塑 painted sculpture

瓷器 porcelain; china

刺绣 embroidery

雕刻 carving

宫灯 palace lantern

国画 Chinese painting

剪纸 paper-cut

景德镇瓷 Jingdezhen porcelain

景泰蓝 cloisonné enamel

蜡染 batik

卖秸画 straw patchwork

木/石/竹刻 wood/stone/bamboo carving

木刻画 wood engraving

戏剧表演 Theatrical Performances

京剧脸谱types of facial makeup in Beijing opera

生 male characters

末 middle-aged male characters

净 “painted face” characters

旦 female characters

丑 clown

京剧票友 amatur performer of Peking Opera

木偶戏 puppet show

独角戏 monodrama; one-man play

皮影戏 shadow play ; leather-silhouette show

折子戏 opera highlights

戏剧小品 skit

哑剧 dumb show ; mime ; mummery ; pantomime

单口相声 monologue comic talk

双口相声 witty dialogue

口技 vocal imitations ; ventriloquism

说书 monologue story-telling

杂技 acrobatic performance

叠罗汉 making a human pyramid

特技 stunt

睬高跷 stilt walk

马戏 circus performances

神话人物 Mythological Figures

八仙 the Eight Immortals

嫦娥 Chang’s ( the Chinese moon goddess)

伏羲 Fu Xi (God of Fishery and Husbandry)

福禄寿三星 the three gods of fortune , prosperity and longevity

共工 God of Water

后羿Houyi (a legendary hero who shot down nine suns )

黄帝Yellow Emperor

夸父Kuafu (a fabled sun-chasing giant )

女 Goddess of Sky-patching

盘古 Pan Gu (creator of the universe )

神农 Patron of Agriculture

禹Yu(the reputed founder of the Xia Dynasty)

祝融 God of Fire

古代建筑 Ancient Architecture

塔 pagoda

琉璃塔 glazed stupa

舍利塔 dagoba ; sarira stupa ( a pagoda for Buddhist relics )

舍利子sarira remains from cremation of Buddha’s of saints’ body

喇叭塔 Lamaist pagoda

楼 storied buildings

钟楼 bell tower

鼓楼 drum tower

阁 pavilion

烽火台 beacon tower

华表 ornamental column

牌坊 memorial archway

中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)

中国电信 China Telecom

中国移动 China Mobile

十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan

中国电脑联网 Chinanet

三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project

希望工程 Project Hope

京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway

扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project

菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project

温饱工程 Decent-Life Project

安居工程 Economy Housing Project

扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign

西部大开发 Go-West Campaign

特有的一些汉语词汇

禅宗 Zen Buddhism

禅 dhyana; dhgaya

混沌 chaos

道 Daosim, the way and its power

四谛 Four Noble Truth

八正道 Eightfold Path

无常 anity

五行说 Theory of Five Elements

无我 anatman

坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation

空 sunyata

虚无 nothingness

双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)

小品 witty skits

相声 cross-talk

噱头;掉包袱 gimmick, stunt

夜猫子 night people; night-owls

本命年this animal year of sb.

处世之道 philosophy of life

姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)

还愿 redeem a wish (vows)

中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)

宣纸 rice paper

衙门 yamen

叩头 kowtow

孔子Confucius

武术 wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)

功夫 kungfu ;kung fu

中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)

中和 harmony (zhonghe)

孝顺 to show filial obedience

孝子 dutiful son

家长 family head

三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife

五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity

八股文 eight-legged essays

多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness

养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age

 

第二篇：四级翻译总结

二、词汇部分考查重点

1、动词、名词与介词的搭配如：popular／patient＋with；yield／solution／adapt／transfer／access＋to；accuse／require＋of；charge＋for；under＋discussion等等。

2、习惯用法如：confess to／set about／be used to＋doing；be supposed to／have／make sb．＋do等。

3、由同一动词构成的短语如：come，go，set，break等构成的短语。

4、单个的动词，抽象名词，形容词和副词多以近义词、同义词的形式出现。

5、介词短语在句中作状语如：in terms of；with the exception of；in vain等，另外还应注意rather than，other than，such as，none／nothing＋but等词在考题中

20xx年x月

87. Having spent some time in the city, he had no trouble ________ (找到去历史博物馆的路).

88. ________ (为了挣钱供我上学)，Mother often takes on more work than is good for her.

89. The professor required that ________ (我们交研究报告)。

90. The more you explain, ________ (我愈糊涂).

91.Though a skilled worker, ________ (他被公司解雇了) last week because of the economic crisis.

考点：

87. 句型have (no) trouble (in) doing sth以及find one’s way to的表达

88. in order to do以及“挣钱”的表达

89. require接宾从，谓语动词用（should）do

90. 比较级结构the more，the more “愈来愈……”

91. 被动语态和时态

20xx年x月

87. Specialists in intercultural studies say that it is not easy to ______ (适应不同文化中的生活).

88. Since my childhood I have found that ________ (没有什么比读书对我更有吸引力).

89.The victim ________ (本来会有机会活下来) if he had been taken to hospital in time.

90.Some psychologists claim that people ________ (出门在外时可能会感到孤独).

91.The nation’s population continues to rise ________ (以每年1200万人的速度). 考点：

87. “适应”adapt oneself to sth/doing sth

88. 宾语从句，否定nothing +more表达最高级

89. 与过去相反的虚拟语气，“有机会做…”stand/have a chance to do/of…

90. 词义辨析lonely与alone，“出门在外”be away from home

91. 介词短语at a speed of，“每年”的表达

20xx年x月

87. The finding of this study failed to ________________________ (将人们的睡眠质量考虑在内).

88. The prevent and treatment of AIDS is ________________________ (我们可以合作的领域).

89. Because of the leg injury, the athlete ________________________ (决定退出比赛).

90. To make donations or for more information, please ________________________ (按以下地址和我们联系).

91. Please come here at ten tomorrow morning ________________________ (如果你方便的话).

考点：

87. “将……考虑在内”take…into consideration/account

88. 定语从句

89. decide to do/that+从句

90. 介词用法at + phone number/address

91. 条件状从，从句用一般现在时

20xx年x月

87. ________________（多亏了一系列的新发明）, doctors can treat this disease successfully.

88. In my sixties, one change I notice is that _________________ (我比以前更容易累了).

89. I am going to pursue this course, ____________________(无论我要作出什么样的牺牲).

90. I would prefer shopping online to shopping in a department store because __________（它更加方便和省时）.

91. Many Americans live on credit, and their quality of life ____________________

（是用他们能够借到多少衡量的），not how much they can earn.

考点：

87. “多亏”：due/thanks/owing

series/succession/chain/string/sequence of to；“一系列”a

88. 表语从句；比较结构用法：“某人容易做…”be inclined/liable/prone to do sth

89. 让步状从；no matter what/whatever

90. 原因状从；比较结构；它（前者）the former 省时time-saving

91. 被动语态：be measured by

20xx年x月

87. Our efforts will pay off if the results of the research _________ .(能应用于新技术的开发)

88. I can’t boot my computer now. Something __________(一定出了毛病)with its operating system.

89. Leaving one’s job, _____________ (无论是什么工作), is a difficult change, even for those who look forward to retiring.

90. _________(与我成长的地方相比), this town is more prosperous and exciting.

91. _________(直到他完成使命)did he realize that he was seriously ill.

考点：

87. 被动语态；be applied to

88. 情态动词must be wrong肯定的推测

89. 让步状从no matter what/whatever，与07-12考题重现

90. 比较状语，“与…相比”compared with/in comparison with

91. 时间状从，“直到…”not until置句首，部分倒装；“完成使命”accomplish/complete/finish/fulfill one’s mission

20xx年x月

87.Medical researchers are painfully aware that there are many problems______________(他们至今还没有答案)

88._________(大多数父母所关心的)is providing the best education possible for their children.

89.You’d better take a sweater with you ________(以防天气变冷)。

90.Through the project, many people have received training and________(决定自己创业)。

91.The anti-virus agent was not known ____________(直到一名医生偶然发现了它)。

考点：

87. 定语从句

88. what 引导主语从句

89. 目的状从in case that，从句用一般现在时；或in case of temperature drop

90. decide to do与07-6考题重现;“自己创业”：Start one’s own business

91. 时间状从，“直到…才…”:not …until…与08-6考题重现；偶然by chance

20xx年x月

(很难跟上班里的同学)in math and English.

88. If she had returned就不会被大雨淋湿了).

(更有可能增加体重).

很多人所没有意识到的) is that Simon is a lover of sports. and football in particular.

(与缺乏锻炼密切相关)

考点：

87. 句型have difficulty (in) keeping up with

88. 与过去事实相反的虚拟语气用法

89. 句型be more likely to do以及“增加体重”的表达

90. what 引导的主语从句

91. be closely related to与单词lack用法

20xx年x月

87. You would not have failed if you (按照我的指令去做).

放弃对知识的追求).

(我们找到治愈癌症的方法).

(与消费者不断增长的需求保持同步).

91.The more exercise you take, (你越不大可能得感冒).

考点：

87. if引导的条件状从

88. 动词短语give up doing

89. 句型it will be+时间+before

90. 动词短语keep up with

91. 比较级结构the more…the more,与06-6考题重现

20xx年x月

87. Because of the noise outside, Nancy had great difficulty (集中注意力在实验上).

88. The manager never laughed, neither(她也从来没有发过脾气).

89. We look forward to被邀请出席开幕式).

90. It is suggested that the air conditioner (要安装在窗户旁).

91.The 16-year-old girl decided to travel

despite_________________(她父母的强烈反对).

考点：

87. have difficulty (in) doing sth，句型考点与09-6重现

88. neither等否定副词置句首，句子主谓部分倒装

89. look forward to中的介词接法和被动态

90. It is suggested that …从句用虚拟语气should do…

91.介词 despite 的用法

abroad on her own

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