图画作文

图画作文总体上比图表作文的结构变化多，更为灵活，因此难度也更大。

1.描述图画

图画作文对图画的描述应在第一段进行，且最好在首句即开始。此类作文大部分是一幅图，也会有两幅图出现的情况。如果出现两幅图，则很有可能是突显对比的情况。

图画上可能没有任何文字，也可能在上面出现了一句话，也可以单个人物说话或两个人物对话，也可能在图画外写了总结性的一句话。大家注意，这一句话或两句话一般是非常重要的，应予译出。 一般说来，对图画的描写不必过长，应以简练、准确为标准。

2.图画类作文结构分析

从十年的图画作文提纲可以看出，出题越来越合理，越来越符合规律：

年份提纲分析1998

1. Write out the messages conveyed by the cartoon.

2. Give your comments.首段描述图画。

第二段和第三段分别写原因和危害。

2000

1. Describe the pictures.

2. Deduce the purpose of the drawer of the pictures.

3. Suggest your

第二段推测绘画者意图。

第三段提出解决办法。

2001

1. Show your understanding of the symbolic meaning of the picture below,

2. Give a specific example, and

3. Give your suggestion as to the best way to show love.首段描述图画、指出图画的象征意义。

第二段举例说明主题。

第三段指出献爱心的最好办法，深化主题。

2002

1. Describe the picture and interpret its meaning, and

2. Give your comment on the phenomenon.第一段描述图画。 首段描述图画。

第二段解释含义。

第三段对此现象做出评论。

20031. Describe the set of drawings, interpret its meaning, and

2. Point out its implications in our life.第一段描述图画。

第二段类比于生活中孩子的教育问题，并分析此现象出现的原因。

第三段做结。

2004

1) Describe the drawing,

2) Interpret its meaning, and

3) Support your view with examples.第一段是描述图画。

第二段是类比于人类一条永恒的真理。

第三段是举例说明。2005

1) Describe the drawing,

2) Interpret its meaning, and

3) Give your comment on it.第一段是描述图画。

第二段是类比于孩子不孝敬老人的现象。

第三段发表评论。2006

1) Describe the photo briefly,

2) Interpret the social phenomenon reflected by them, and

3) Give your point of view.第一段简要描述照片。

第二段阐释照片所反映的社会现象。

第三段给出自己的观点。2007

1) Describe the drawing briefly,

2) Explain its intended meaning, and then

3) Support your view with an example /examples.第一段描述图画。

第二段解释图画的含义。

第三段举例来支持自己的观点。2008

1) Describe the drawing briefly,

2) Explain its intended meaning, and then

3) Give your comments.第一段描述图画。

第二段解释含义。

第三段发表评论。

我们想象中的最典型最理想的图画题提纲应该是下面这样：

1. 描述图画

2. 推导绘画者的意图

3. 做出评论

根据该提纲，首先由图画引出一种社会现象或社会问题。在推导绘画者的意图时多是展开说此现象或问题的表现，以证明其引人注目。还有一种可能性是说此现象或问题产生的原因，这时可把简单意图推导直接放到第一段描述图画之后，而在第二段中说原因。

第三段做出评论，有可能只是简单评论、深化主题就结束，但这种可能性越来越小了。这一部分很可能说的是办法，不好的事情就是如何解决的办法，好的事情就是如何进一步发展的方法。

通过上述列表，我们可以看出，多年来，真实的提纲是怎样一步步地向我们想象中的理想模式靠近的。

对于提纲里面出现的变化和规律，我们仔细分析一下，会发现基本上都呈现为“现象或问题——原因解释——解决办法”这样的模式，但变化非常多。如果谈论的是好事，可能解释一下就结束了，也可能要写出相应的做法；如果谈论的是一个令人忧心忡忡的社会问题，我们极有可能需要提出做法。

综上所述，可以看出，比起图表作文来，图画作文要更灵活，更富于变化。我们一定要多练习，以达到一看到图画(含图中和图边文字)和提纲(有时有文章标题)就能有效地审题解题，构造出合理的具体段落的目的。

1. 关于爱心

Love is a lamp

[1.现象/现状说明段] Love is of utmost importance to us humans. Everybody not only needs love, but also should give others love. As can be seen from the picture, "love is a lamp which is brighter in darker places. " This is indeed true. People in darker places need more light than other people. Maybe even a dim light can give them much hope for a better life. Maybe just a thread of light will call forth their strength and courage to help them step out of their difficulties.

[7.举例段] I can think of no better illustration of this idea than the following example(s).For instance when someone is starving to death, just a little food and water from you may save his(her) life. Again, when a little girl in a poor rural area drops out of school because of poverty, just a small sum of money from you may su

pport her to finish school and change her life. In these case/circumstances you have given love which is like a lamp in a dark place where light is most needed.

[8.归纳结论段] To sum up, we should offer our help to all the needed. We expect to get love from others and we also give love to others. So when you see someone in difficulty or in distress and in need of help, don't hesitate to give your love to him (her). I believe that the relationship between people will be harmonious and that our society will be a better place for us to live in.

2. 空气污染(隐形杀手)

[2.图画/图表描述段] Pollution is becoming more and more serious all over the world. As is shown in the cartoon, two cars are giving off waste gas and three people are trying to avoid breathing in the poisonous gas by masking their face with their hands. The poisonous gas sent off by factories, domestic appliances and automobiles has made the air unhealthy for people to breathe.

[5.意义阐述段] There is no denying that automobiles are indications of civilization, progress and development; nevertheless , automobiles cause the serious problem of air pollution. Scientists have warned that unless effective measures are taken, the problem of pol

lution will eventually get out of hand. Actually, people are showing a real concern over the problem. For example, there is an increasingly loud voice from the public for firm action against pollution from automobiles.

[10建议措施段]Indeed, the earth is our home and we have the duty to take care of it for ourselves and for our descendants. In my opinion, we should work out concrete solutions to the problem of pollution from poisonous gas given off by automobiles. For example, the automobiles should be equipped with a device which can dispose of waste gas so as to prevent it from polluting air. Only in this way can we really solve the problem of air pollution caused by automobiles.

3. 沙漠化

[2.图画/图表描述段]As is shown in the picture, we can see clearly the relation ship between people and desert. In the left hand picture, people are fleeing from greedy sand hills because they cut down all the trees. The caption reads, ”As the sand advances, we retreat.” In the right hand picture, the people have returned carrying tools, water, and young trees to plant the land again. The caption reads: “As we advance, the sand retreats. ”

[5.意义阐述段]It seems to me that the cartoonist is sending a message about the importance of trees in water and soil conservation and the need for everyone to fight against the danger of the desertification. In fact, what he is saying is that the sand hills will drive away from the land if we do fight against the sand. If we let this situation continue as it is , our environment will suffer a great destruction.

[10.建议措施段]The best way to fight back against the greedy desert in made clear in the second picture. There the local people are actively setting about the task of planting trees to reclaim the land and make it fertile. The fact that there are three people in the picture, each with a different job suggests that working together is the key to success in the battle against soil erosion.

4. 商业捕鱼（00年真题）

A Brief History of World Commercial Fishing

[2.图表描述段] As is shown in the pictures ,with the increase of commercial fishing ,the number of fishes dramatically(sharply) decreased .In one pictures ,there were various kinds of fish and only one fishing-boat in 1900 .On the contrary ,in1995 there was only one fish ,with many fishing-boats.

[5.意义阐述段] The purpose of this picture is to show us that due (great enough) attention has to be paid to the decrease (decline) of ocean resources .Owing to over-fishing the number of fishes has obviously dropped .If we let this situation go (continue) as it is ,we do not know where fish will be in the future .By that time ,our environment will suffer a great destruction .

[10.建议措施段] Therefore ,it is imperative for us to take drastic (effective) measures .For one thing ,we should appeal to our authorities to make strict laws to control commercial fishing .For another ,we should enhance(imperative arouse) the awareness of people that the ocean resources are very vital to us .Only in this way can we protect our ocean resources .Also I believe that we humans can overcome this difficulty ,and we will have a brighter future .

Study the following picture carefully and write an essay in which you should:

1. describe the picture；

2. interpret the meaning of the picture;

3. make your comment.

You should write 160~200 words neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (注：图片出自《讽刺与幽默》)这幅图画画得非常好，突显了两个刚刚从大学毕业的女生之间的区别：一个急着去找工作，而另一个却将文凭丢在一边，急着去征婚。毫无疑问，出题者是想让我们谈谈“急嫁一族”的问题。该文的结构安排较为简单，可以分为三段来写。

第一段描述图画，第二段是解释该现象的原因，第三段给出自己的看法。In the picture, there is a sharp contrast between two college graduates soon after they have got the diploma: one of them is planning to seek a job just as most students, while the other chooses to find her partner immediately, leaving the diploma behind. It is more than clear that the drawer wants to remind us of those girls who want to live a happy life by marrying a successful man instead of achieving success by her own hands.

I believe that two reasons account for the phenomenon. For one thing, after enrollment expansion, it is more and more difficult for

university graduates, especially girls, to find an ideal job. Consequently, some of them hurry to find their partners for life as soon as they leave university. To make the matters worse, many companies and enterprises begin to enroll only men in recent years, even for many traditionally female-dominated posts such as accountants and secretaries. For another, a view becomes more and more popular in the present society: it is more

important for a woman to marry an ideal husband than to get a good job. Marrying an already successful man, in the eyes of many people, means gaining the access to instant wealth and a stable and carefree life. Under the influence of such a biased opinion, many girls take great efforts to get married upon graduation.

I myself don’t agree with this practice at all. On the one hand, job satisfaction is a large part of a person’s ultimate happiness, and women are no exception. On the other hand, a woman needs to get a job to be more confident, independent and open-minded, and it will certainly make her more attractive as a potential marriage partner. Leo Tolstoy once said happy families are all alike, and I believe women in such families are both capable at work and back at home.

图一

The importance of doing small things

Nothing can be done except little by little, the French poet

Baudelaire Charles once said. Most people, however, often ignore such a truth. So does the little boy shown in the picture. He expresses his worries to his father about disposing of nuclear waste, but is told that he can achieve nothing if he doesn’t empty the dustbin first.

Every single little thing you can do today matters. The truth has been tested for ages, and thousands of great people have set good examples for us. For instance, Leonardo da Vinci, the world-renowned master in painting, starts his career with repeated egg-drawing. Lu Xun, the great man of letters, reminded himself to get up early by inscribing the character “morning” on his desk.

As university students, in my opinion, we should aim high, but at the same time, we shall never measure a task by its size. All in all, only those who have the patience to do simple things perfectly will acquire the skill to do difficult things easily.

图二

Basic Learning Skills

We can see that in this picture, a teacher is teaching her pupils to deal with arithmetic questions, but some of them think that learning these mathematical skills is useless. They argue that by the time they are in the job market, these skills will be outdated. As to whether it is important to learn basic skills, people hold different views.

As far as I know, it is very important for one student to acquire basic skills. At first, mastering basic skills well can lay a solid foundation for learning advanced skills. Basic skills are a floor, not a ceiling.

Students must learn them first so that they can move on to various advanced skills. What’s more, learning basic skills helps to improve confidence and enhance self-esteem. Individuals with basic skills are likely to be more confident and active.

All in all, if we want to keep progressing, it is important to learn basic skills well. By mastering basic skills and learning new things, we will have a bright future!