实验三路由器及其配置方法实验报告

一 实验目的

1.       认识路由器产品;

2.       了解路由器的不同工作模式及其相应的配置命令;

3.       掌握路由器不同模式之间的转换方法;

4.       了解路由器的基本配置项目和设置方法;

5.       掌握使用命令查看路由器的当前配置的方法;

6.       掌握路由器的远程配置方法。

二 实验内容

1.       阅读路由器差评的技术资料,观察路由器的外观结构,认识路由器的产品外形、产品名称、产品型号、接口布局、接口类型、接口名称、接口标准、内存大小等;

2.       撘建路由器配置控制台(包括远程连接);

3.       通过控制台观察路由器的工作状态;

4.       路由器基本命令的使用(模式转换命令、特权模式下的配置命令等)。

三 实验原理

1.       通过本地控制台配置路由器,通过路由器随机配套的配置线将路由器(RJ45标准的Console)和计算机(任意可用的9针D型Com端口)连接起来。

2.       通过远程控制台配置路由器,路由器分配了有效地IP地址,并将路由器正确接入网络,则可通过Telnet实现对路由器的远程配置。

3.       静/动态路由。

4.       路由器的不同命令模式

(1)用户模式(>);

(2)特权模式(#);

(3)全局配置模式((config)#)。

四 实验条件

1.       必备条件:PCI台(Windows 2000操作系统),路由器1台,路由器配置项1条;

2.       可选条件:RJ45直通网线若干,联网PC若干。

五 实验过程

1.       预先阅读路由器产品的技术资料,了解路由器的硬件配置参数

2.       在路由器加电前,首先观察路由器的外观结构,

3.       撘建路由器配置控制台

(1)使用路由器配置线,将主机和路由器连接起来;

(2)从主机“开始/程序/附件/通讯”找到“超级终端”,点击“超级终端”设置主机与路由器之间的通信参数(每秒位数:9600,数据位:8位,停止位:1,奇偶校验;无,数据流流控:无,输入完连接名称后,点击“确定”,进入“指定链接端口”,进入指定连接端口后,点击“确定”,进入“COM端口通信参数设置”);

(3)从“超级终端”的“文件”菜单或工具栏选择“属性”,在属性对话框的“设置”选项卡中,讲终端仿真类型设置为VT100。

4.. 观察路由器的工作状态;(略)

5. 路由器基本命令的使用(一下是操作的部分命令)

Router>?  //查看此模式下的可用命令

Exec commands:

  <1-99>      Session number to resume

  connect     Open a terminal connection

  disconnect  Disconnect an existing network connection

  enable      Turn on privileged commands

  exit        Exit from the EXEC

  ipv6        ipv6

  logout      Exit from the EXEC

  ping        Send echo messages

  resume      Resume an active network connection

  show        Show running system information

  ssh         Open a secure shell client connection

  telnet      Open a telnet connection

  terminal    Set terminal line parameters

  traceroute  Trace route to destination

Router>enable

Router#config

Configuring from terminal, memory, or network [terminal]?

Enter configuration commands, one per line.  End with CNTL/Z.

Router(config)#hostname R2624  //将路由器命名为 R2624

R2624(config)#exit

%SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console

R2624#show history // 查看最近输入的命令

  enable

  config

  show clock

  show history

R2624#show int  //显示路由器所有端口状态信息

FastEthernet0/0 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

  Hardware is Lance, address is 000a.4191.7501 (bia 000a.4191.7501)

  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255

  Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

  ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,

  Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never

  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

  Queueing strategy: fifo

  Output queue :0/40 (size/max)

  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

     0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

     Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

     0 input packets with dribble condition detected

     0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

     0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred

     0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

FastEthernet0/1 is administratively down, line protocol is down (disabled)

  Hardware is Lance, address is 000a.4191.7502 (bia 000a.4191.7502)

  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 100 usec, rely 255/255, load 1/255

  Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

  ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00,

  Last input 00:00:08, output 00:00:05, output hang never

  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

  Queueing strategy: fifo

  Output queue :0/40 (size/max)

  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

     0 packets input, 0 bytes, 0 no buffer

     Received 0 broadcasts, 0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored, 0 abort

     0 input packets with dribble condition detected

     0 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

     0 output errors, 0 collisions, 1 interface resets

     0 babbles, 0 late collision, 0 deferred

     0 lost carrier, 0 no carrier

     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

Vlan1 is administratively down, line protocol is down

  Hardware is CPU Interface, address is 00d0.bacd.963e (bia 00d0.bacd.963e)

  MTU 1500 bytes, BW 100000 Kbit, DLY 1000000 usec,

     reliability 255/255, txload 1/255, rxload 1/255

  Encapsulation ARPA, loopback not set

  ARP type: ARPA, ARP Timeout 04:00:00

  Last input 21:40:21, output never, output hang never

  Last clearing of "show interface" counters never

  Input queue: 0/75/0/0 (size/max/drops/flushes); Total output drops: 0

  Queueing strategy: fifo

  Output queue: 0/40 (size/max)

  5 minute input rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

  5 minute output rate 0 bits/sec, 0 packets/sec

     1682 packets input, 530955 bytes, 0 no buffer

     Received 0 broadcasts (0 IP multicast)

     0 runts, 0 giants, 0 throttles

     0 input errors, 0 CRC, 0 frame, 0 overrun, 0 ignored

     563859 packets output, 0 bytes, 0 underruns

     0 output errors, 23 interface resets

     0 output buffer failures, 0 output buffers swapped out

R2624#show running-config  //显示当前配置信息

Building configuration...

Current configuration : 356 bytes

version 12.4

no service password-encryption

hostname R2624

ip ssh version 1

interface FastEthernet0/0

 no ip address

 duplex auto

 speed auto

 shutdown

interface FastEthernet0/1

 no ip address

 duplex auto

 speed auto

 shutdown

interface Vlan1

 no ip address

 shutdown

ip classless

line con 0

line vty 0 4

 login

end

R2624#terminal history size 128  //设置路由器存储历史命令的缓冲区大小

R2624#show ip route  //显示路由器的IP路由表

Codes: C - connected, S - static, I - IGRP, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP

       D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area

       N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2

       E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2, E - EGP

       i - IS-IS, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2, ia - IS-IS inter area

       * - candidate default, U - per-user static route, o - ODR

       P - periodic downloaded static route

Gateway of last resort is not set

5.       远程配置路由器(方法与命令如下)

Router>en

Router#configure terminal

Router(conf)#hostname R2624

R2624(conf)#enable password 123456           以123456为特权模式密码

R2624(conf)#interface fastethernet 0/1         以1端口为telnet远程登录端口

R2624(conf-if)#ip address 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0

R2624(conf-if)#no shut

R2624(conf-if)#exit

R2624(conf)line vty 0 4                    设置0-4 个用户可以telnet远程登陆

R2624(conf-line)#login

R2624(conf-line)#password 654321             以edge为远程登录的用户密码

主机设置:

ip          192.168.1.2                主机的ip必须和路由器端口的地址在同一网络段

netmask     255.255.255.0

gate-way    192.168.1.1                网关地址是路由器端口地址

运行:

telnet 192.168.1.1

进入telnet远程登录界面

password :654321              

R2624>en

password: 123456

R2624#

六、实验总结

本次试验主要是对路由器的基本认识及配置方法,在这过程中我掌握了通过本地控制台配置路由器及通过远程控制台配置路由器的方法,同时在完成以上操作时,让我对路由器有了更深一层的了解,也对不同命令模式更加熟练。

 

第二篇:路由器的配置实验报告

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