清华附中坍塌事故调查报告

一，工程事故背景

      该工程总建筑面积20660平方米，是集体育、住宿、餐厅、车库为一体的综合楼。经现场勘验，事发部位位于基坑3标段，深约13米、宽约42.2米、长约58.3米。底板为平板式筏板基础，上下两层双排双向钢筋网，上层钢筋网用马凳支承。事发前，已经完成基坑南侧1、2两段筏板基础浇筑，以及3段下层钢筋的绑扎、马凳安放、上层钢筋的铺设等工作；马凳采用直径25mm或28mm的带肋钢筋焊制，安放间距为0.9至2.1米；马凳横梁与基础底板上层钢筋网大多数未固定；马凳脚筋与基础底板下层钢筋网少数未固定；上层钢筋网上多处存有堆放钢筋物料的现象。事发时，上层钢筋整体向东侧位移并坍塌，坍塌面积2000余平方米。　

二、事故经过及抢险救援情况

      20##年7月，建工一建公司清华附中工程项目部制定了《钢筋施工方案》，明确马凳制作钢筋规格32mm、现场摆放间距1米，并在第7.7条安全技术措施中规定“板面上层筋施工时，每捆筋要先放在架子上，再逐根散开，不得将整捆筋直接放置在支撑筋上，防止荷载过大而导致支撑筋失稳”。《钢筋施工方案》经监理单位审批同意后，建工一建公司项目部未向劳务单位进行方案交底。

20##年10月，杨泽中与安阳诚成劳务公司签订《建设工程施工劳务分包合同》，合同中包含辅料和部分周转性材料款的内容，且未按照要求将合同送工程所在地住房城乡建设主管部门备案。劳务单位相关人员进场后，作业人员在未接受交底情况下，组织筏板基础钢筋体系施工作业。田勇只确定使用25mm或28mm钢筋制作马凳。基坑1、2段底板浇筑完成后，赵金海、李雷、李成才组织作业人员绑扎3段底板钢筋。

20##年12月28日下午，劳务队长张焕良安排塔吊班组配合钢筋工向3标段上层钢筋网上方吊运钢筋物料，用于墙柱插筋和挂钩。经调看现场监控录像，共计吊运24捆钢筋物料，其中12月28日17时58分至22时16分，吊运21捆；12月29日7时27分至7时47分，吊运3捆。12月29日6时20分，作业人员到达现场实施墙柱插筋和挂钩作业。7时许，现场钢筋工发现已绑扎的钢筋柱与轴线位置不对应。张焕良接到报告后通知赵金海和放线员去现场查看核实。8时10分，经现场确认筏板钢筋体系整体位移约10厘米。随后，赵金海让钢筋班长立即停止钢筋作业，通知信号工配合钢筋工将上层钢筋网上集中摆放的钢筋吊走，并调电焊工准备加固马凳。8时20分许，筏板基础钢筋体系失稳整体发生坍塌，将在筏板基础钢筋体系内进行绑扎作业和安装排水管作业的人员挤压在上下层钢筋网之间。

事发时，上层钢筋整体向东侧位移并坍塌，坍塌面积2000余平方米。事故发生后，现场人员立即施救，并拨打报警电话。市区两级政府部门立即启动应急救援，对现场人员开展施救，及时将受伤人员送往医院救治。据统计，事故共计造成10人死亡、4人受伤。

三，事故原因调查

       事故直接原因是未按照方案要求堆放物料、制作和布置马凳，致使基础底板钢筋整体坍塌。施工违反规定堆放物料，将整捆钢筋物料直接堆放在上层钢筋网上，现场堆料过多，且局部过于集中，导致立筋上、下焊接处断裂，致使基础底板钢筋整体坍塌。

此外，现场未按照方案要求制作和布置马凳，导致马凳承载力下降。施工现场管理缺失、备案项目经理长期不在岗、专职安全员配备不足、经营管理混乱、项目监理不到位也是导致事故发生的间接原因。

四，事故教训反思

　   十个鲜活的生命就这样凋谢了，他们本身有什么过错呢？他们只不过是按进度施工，他们不懂得施工步骤，方法，他们只是每天重复做最基本的的绑扎钢筋的工作。可是施工决策者，监理者的失误，却要他们付出生命的代价。虽然事故的原因调查清楚了，各种领导们也得到了相应的处罚。可是如果不作出根本的改变，这些处罚又有什么用呢？丢掉的官位，以后还可以再升上去。可是那些遇难者呢？他们已经长埋在冰冷的地下，对他们的家人来说这是一辈子的伤痛。既然发生了不幸的事故，就应该从根本上解决，而不是处罚一批官员来作为给群众的一个交代。诚然他们失职，应该得到处罚。事故发生后，北京市所有工地停工，整顿一个月。可是这样真的有用吗？整顿期间肯定都是，规规矩矩，合理合法没有任何差错。整顿完以后呢？这种情况会有改善吗？这种事故还会发生吗？

每年我国都有大量的工程事故发生，归根结底都是施工方违反施工操作，监理发现不了施工存在的问题，发现问题以后不能及时解决。还有就是，施工人员无相关资格。作为一名土建类的大学生，我深有感触身边有很多同学考二建，九大员为的是挂靠出去，或为了以后工作加薪。一些施工单位就利用他们的这些资质来进行相关的工程项目的施工。如果相关部门在审查施工单位资质的时候能够严格把关，把不具备施工资质的单位拒之门外，或许就不会有那么多的事故发生。同时施工单位，也要严格审查相关技术员的资质，严格把关不弄虚作假。如果一切施工操作都按科学的步奏来实施，有怎会有如此多的工程事故发生！

附事故现场图片

   

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第二篇：清华附中模拟

语言知识运用

四、选择填空 （共15分，每小题1分）

从下列各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

21. ---- Is this your book , Jack?

---- Yes, it?s ______________. Thank you for helping me find it.

A. I B. me C. my D. mine

22. —_________ have you been in the singing group?

—More than five years by now.

A. When B. How long C. How often D. Where

23. Tom?s birthday is ___ September 8th .

A. in B. at C. on D. of

24. Who is _____, Tom, Peter or John?

A. the tallest B. tallest C. taller D. tall

25. Let?s _____ to the supermarket on foot.

A. went B. go C. goes D. to go

26. My grandma _______ to the radio when I got home just now.

A. listens B. listened C. is listening D. was listening

27. The policeman asked us ______ him send the old man to the hospital.

A. help B. helps C.helping D. to help

28. Summer is coming. The weather gets_________.

A. cold and cold B. colder and colder C.hotter and hotter D. hot and hot

29. ---Where is Mother, Jim?

--- She _____ in the kitchen.

A.is cooking B. cooked C. cooking D. to cook

30. ---Must I go to Tom?s home to help his Chinese today?

--- No, you _____. You can go there at weekend.

A. can?t B. mustn?t C.may not D. needn?t

31. Mrs. Wang can speak English well. ___ she can?t speak Japanese.

A. but B. and C. so D. For

32. Bob has two sisters. They ____ work in the same factory..

A. all B. both C. none D. either

33. Our classroom ______ after school every day.

A. clean B. is cleaned C. cleaned D. to clean

34. You are too late. The train _____ for ten minutes.

A. has left B. left C. has been away D. leaves

35. ---Do you know __________? ---Next Sunday.

A. what they will do B. where they will go

C. when they will come here D. who they will meet

五、完形填空 （共12分，每小题1分）

阅读下面的短文，掌握其大意，然后从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。 time. In fact, the whole class believe her! At first she supposed it was fun. Now, as she got up to 1

sad.

Rosa?s parents were separated . Nine months out of year, Rosa lived with her 38 in an ?s farm in Arizona.

The farm was great! Rosa rode horses and helped with some farm work. Her father, however, that he couldn?t find time to go places with her. When she arrived each summer, her he would always buy her a present. to talk about.

Not long after school began, Rosa was looking through travel magazine in the school library. They talked about many exciting places, like England and Germany. When Rosa?s friends asked what she had done that summer, she made up something that was not true. Remembering the her classmates that she and her father had gone to England!

When the class began studying England, Mr Thomas asked Rosa to tell all the things she about her trip to England.

36. A. afraid B. worried C. sure D. happy

37. A.of B. at C. back D. before

38. A. mother B. father C. classmates D. friends

39. A. passed B. arrived C. lasted D. changed

40. A. pleased B. lonely C. busy D. weak

41. A. show B. visit C. meet D. send

42. A. eat B. know C. talk D. spend

43. A. spoke B. returned C. said D. got

44. A. bought B. borrowed C. thought D. heard

45. A. garden B. family C. farm D. magazine

46. A. told B. looked C. gave D. talked

47. A. think B. read C. see D. remember

阅读理解

六、阅读下面的四篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）

2

48. If you have lost a black wallet, you can call ___ to ask for it.

A. 3338651 B. 8947659 C. 5558823 D. 9796788

49. If you deliver the newspaper, you will get ____ a day.

A. $ 10 B. $ 20 C. $ 30 D. $40 50. Alice wants to practise writing stories in her summer holiday. She may ____ for more

information.

A. send an e-mail to B. join the Hiking Club

C. call Karen D. call Mr Jones

51. Mr Green wants to go hiking with his children. They should meet at the Market Square ____ .

A. at 8:00am on Saturday morning B. at 2 pm on October 5th

C. at 6:30 am on Monday D. 3:30 on Sunday morning

B

The day was like any other day in his life. After school Bill walked past the shop on the street corner. He stopped to look at the front row of shoes, and he fell sorry for himself. He really wanted to have a pair for his birthday.

He sadly walked away and thought of what to tell his mother. He knew she would give him anything if she could. But he also knew she had little money. He decided not to go home at once, as he looked worried and didn?t want to make his mother worry about it. So he went to the park and there he sat on the grass. Then he saw a girl in a wheel chair. He found that the girl moved the wheels with her hands. Look at her carefully and was surprised to see that girl had no feet. He looked down at his own feet. “It is much better to be without shoes than without feet,” he thought. “It was not right for me to feel so sorry and sad.” He wet away and smiled, thinking he was more lucky in life.

52. Bill wanted to buy____ for his birthday.

A. A sweater B. A coat C. a pair of shoes D. A pair of trousersme

53. He didn?t go home at once but went to the ___.

A. shop B. park C. cinema D. museum

54. He saw the little girl sitting on the________.

A. grass B. desk ground D. wheel chair

C

“USA? British?Which country is better to study in?” We often hear such discussion. As China opens its door, studying abroad has become a dream for many Chinese students. They want to learn about the world.

3

It?s true that studying abroad can help students develop themselves. Language skills will improve and it may be easier to find a job.

But there are problems that should be considered. Language is the first. Students must spend a lot of time learning another language and getting used to a different culture.

Students must also learn to live without parents? care and deal with all kinds of things they haven?t had to do before, like looking after themselves. There are reports about Chinese students abroad sinking in an ocean of difficulties and giving up easily. When they have to take care of themselves, it is hard for the students to study well.

Finally, studying abroad brings a heavy burden(负担) to the family. For most Chinese parents, the cost of studying abroad .is very high. But is it worth it?

W e know that there are many famous people who succeed in great things through their hard work in China. Liu Xiang is a good example. Once an American teacher invited him there but he refused. He kept training hard with his Chinese teacher. He surprised the world when he won a gold medal at Athens Olympics. So when you wonder which country is better to study in, consider whether studying abroad in the right choice.

55. From the passage , we learn that many Chinese students dream about studying abroad to ___.

A. learn about the new world B. make a lot of money

C. taste a new life D. learn to look after themselves

56. The writer mentions Liu Xiang in the passage in order to tell us that ______.

A. Chinese teachers are better than American ones

B. studying abroad is not the right choice

C. people can also be succesful in China if they work hard

D. Liu Xiang was a gold medal winner

57.This passage is mainly about ________.

A. the question of studying abroad B.the dream of studying abroad

C. the choice of studying abroad D. the story of studying abroad

D

Nowadays more and more people care about the exploitation(开采) of the natural resources, such as oil. Though there are many kinds of resources, with the fast increase of population and appearance of many more factories, the more we use, the fewer there will be left for the future. Oil is getting less and less year after year. It?s said that oil can last for only 50 years. Natural gas perhaps will last about 38 years.

Oil can be used in many ways and it?s difficult to imagine what the modern world will be like without oil. But oil isn?t easy to find and get out of the earth. Men must study the rocks. When they think the rocks in a certain place may have oil, a metal tower is built. A machine in the tower cuts a hole down into the ground. At the same time, a steel pipe(钢管) is pushed down to stop the sides from falling in and to keep out water. At last if the men are right, usually the oil rushes up the sides with great force(力量) by pressure(压力)of the gas in the top of the rock, and it rushes high into the air. If oil catches a light, there will be a terrible fire. So a kind of cover is fixed on the top of the pipe, and the oil can run out through taps.(活塞)

If we make a well near the middle of the oil field, we can also get gas. Such gas is sent through pipes to towns far away and used in houses and factories like coal gas.

Today oil is under pressure as never before. The price of oil keeps rising all the time. In many 4

countries, the govenments encourage people to save oil as much as possible.

58. The writer wants to tell us ____________.

A. we should use the oil carefully B. the oil is easy to find

C. we should save oil D. the oil runs everywhere

59. Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage?

A. Oil can be used for many years. B. Men study rocks in order to find oil.

C. Gas is in the middle of the oil field. D. The price of oil will get higher and higher.

60. People use a steel pipe because _____.

A. the pipe is strong enough to stand there

B. the pipe can cut a hole down into the ground

C. oil can run through the pipe

D. sides and water can be kept outside the pipe

七、阅读短文，还原句子（共8分，每小题2分）

请先阅读下列短文，掌握其大意，然后从下面方框的五项中选择四个还原到文章中，使其短文意思通顺，结构完整，并将其序号填写到答案的相应位置。

When I was young, I was kind of shy. Fortunately, I changed a lot by junior high. Shyness gets in the way of success, but it doesn't have to hold you back. Here are some tips that may help you overcome it.

The excitement of being lost at something that you love can help you forget your nervousness while showing off in public.

Next, why not get more chances to speak in public? For me, when I got to high

Then, don?t think about what will happen. It?s possible that you might be laughed at when speaking. What really happens is better than what we imagine.

Finally, remember past successes. Whether it is making a successful speech, remembering past successes can help inspire you to get future success. If you succeeded in the past, then you can succeed again!

It's actually natural to be a little bit nervous about meeting new people, making cold calls, or giving a speech. That nervousness doesn't have to keep you from succeeding, though.

八、阅读与表达 （共10分，每小题2分）

阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。

There is a bar in our town with the name “The White Horse”. It is Mr. Webster?s. Few people went to the bar last year, but things are quite different now.

There was a picture of a white horse on the door of the bar. Then a stranger came in one day, drank something, looked around the bar, and then said to Mr. Webster, “Few people come here. 5

Take down the picture of the white horse and put a picture of a black horse instead.”

“But the name of the bar is ?The White Horse?, ” Mr. Webster said.

“Yes, but do it.” The man said. Then he went out of the bar.

Mr. Webster went to an artist and said, “I want to a picture of a balck horse.”

The next day a picture of a black horse was on the door of the bar instead of that of the white

horse. Soon after the door open, a man came in and said, “There is a mistake on the door of your

door of your bar, and the picture is different from the name.” The man looked, sat down and drank

something.

Then another man came in and said the same, and then another and another. A lot of people

came in and said, “The picture on your door is wrong,” and they all stopped and drank in Mr.

Webster?s bar.

65. Is the bar?s name “The White horse”?

66. Was there a picture of a white horse or a picture of a black horse on the door at first?

67. Who helped Mr. Webster?

68. Why did many people come to his bar?

69. What have we learnt from the story?

书面表达

九、完成句子 （共10分，每小题2分）

根据中文意思完成句子

70. 我想玛丽和爱丽丝一样高。

I think Mary ____________________ Alice.

71. 他因为跳舞好而著名.

He _______________ dancing well.

72. 英语老师根本不喜欢打篮球。

My English teacher __________ football ___________.

73. 昨天妈妈让我帮助奶奶打扫房间。

Mother ___________ my grandma ______ her house.

74. 昨天我很生气。汤姆硬是让我把我的日记给他看。

I was angry that Tom ________________________ yesterday.

十、书面表达(共15分)

75. 初中生活马上就要结束了，三年的初中生活一定给你留下了很多挥之不去

的回忆。请你给大家讲一个最值得你回忆的故事。包括时间、人物、事情经

过和事后你的感想（请不要写出真实的学校名称以及真实姓名）。提示词供

参考。

three years, memories, one of, one day, think, happy/ sorry

6

听力材料

一、听对话，选择与对话内容相符的图片。每段对话读两遍。

1. W: What are the two students doing?

M: They are reading at home.

2. W: Where are you going next holiday?

M: I?m going to Australia with my friends.

3. W: What?s your favourite subject, John?

M: I like maths best.

4. W: When did you buy the tomatoes?

M: I bought them yesterday.

二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，选择正确答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。

请听一段对话，完成5—6小题

W: What are you going to do this weekend?

M:I?m going skating in the park.

W: Would you mind my going with you?

M:Why don?t you do something at home? Skating is dangerous for girls.

W: I don?t think so.Don?t you know I?ve been practicing for weeks?

M:Four weeks? I?ve been skating for more than ten years!

W: When did you start?

M:When I was four years old.

W:So that?s why you skate so well. I want to skate as well as you. Could you help me ?

M: OK.Let?s go together.

请听一段对话，完成7—8小题

W: Tony, what?s New Zealand like?

M:Oh, it?s beautiful. There are many mountains.

W: Really? Did you go hiking in the mountains?

M: Yes, I went to the highest one. Its name is Mount Cook.

W: Cool! Tell me a little more about it.

M:It?s also famous for its beaches. You can surf in the sea as well.

W:I don?t like surfing, but I love boating.

M:Really?Then you can go boating there. It?s pretty exciting.

W: What else?

M: In winter, it is a good place to go skiing. It is the most popular sport in winter there.

W: I love skiing. I can?t wait for the trip.

请听一段对话，完成9—10小题

M:Hi, Jane! Can I use your mobile phone? I want to send a message to my dad.

W:No problem! Here you are. Where is yours, Martin?

7

M: I left it at home. Can you please tell me how to use your phone?

W: Sure! First, press this key, and then you can write the message.

M: What should I do if I finish writing it?

W:If you finish it, press the black button.

M: Yours is very different from mine. How do I know that I have sent the message?Is there a tip? W: Yes, there will be a receipt message to tell you that you have sent it already.

M: Oh, I see. Thanks

W: You?re welcome.

请听一段对话，完成11—13小题

W: What?s wrong with you, Mike?

M:I?ll have the exams in three months, doctor. If I can?t get into college, what will I do?

W:Do you always think about it?

M:Yes, all the time. I worry about my exams and my homework. And I worry being late for school.

W: You will be OK. Don?t worry so much. How often do you exercise?

M: Once a week.

W:You need some more time to relax. Your health is more important than study.

M: Can you give me some advice?

W:Sure. There is nothing serious with you. I advise you to spend more time with your friends, chatting or doing sports, and talk with your parents or teachers about your worries. You?ll soon feel good again.

M: Thanks

请听一段独白，完成14—16小题

Ladies and gentlemen, attention, please.

We will arrive at a British city park in a few minutes. In the park, you can feel the cool air coming from the lake. This is a favorite place for visitors in late summer, especially on a sunny and hot summer afternoon like today. This area is one of the British national parks. Look at those beautiful houses around the lake over there. They were built about four hundred years ago, so in this park you can have a special place for an outing. People like to have a good walk around it. I?m sure we?ll have a comfortable and relaxing walk around the park today.

Now our bus is running around the lake. You can sit back and enjoy the beauty of everything here. The bus is taking us to a good place, where you can take the most wonderful photos you have ever taken…. Oh, here we are! Please remember: where we get off is where we get on. Return to the bus in sixty minutes. Thank you!

三、听对话或独白，记录关键信息

Summer Holiday is coming! The 2010 Summer Camp will be open between 9:00 am and 11:30 am from July 10 to August 15 in the Children?s Palace. All our teachers are well-trained and experienced. The main activities in the camp are practicing spoken English, singing English songs and seeing English films. Each child needs to pay 500 yuan for it. Some American children are coming to the camp. If you want to spend an interesting summer holiday, please join us for learning with fun. Act now! Book your seat as soon as possible either by phone or be email. Our address is No.12 Shaoshan Road. Our number is 22842936. Our email address is 8

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参考答案

听力理解

一、听对话，选择与对话内容相符的图片。每段对话读两遍。 （共4分，每小题1分） 1—4 CABA

二、听对话或独白，根据对话或独白的内容，选择正确答案。每段对话或独白读两遍。（共

12分，每小题1分）

5-6 BA 7-8 CA 9-10 AC 11-13 CBC 14-16 AAB

三、听对话或独白，记录关键信息（共8分，每小题2分）

17.July 18. songs 19. films 20. 12 / twelve

语言知识运用

四、选择填空 （共15分，每小题1分）

21-25 DBCAB 26-30 DDCAD 31-35 ABBCC

五、完形填空 （共12分，每小题1分）

36-40 CDABC 41-45 CABDB 46-47 AD

阅读理解

六、阅读下面的四篇短文，根据短文内容，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D

四个选项中，选择最佳选项。（共26分，每小题2分）

A 48-51 DACB

B 52-54 CBD

C 55-57 ACA

D 58-60 CAD

七、阅读短文，还原句子（共8分，每小题2分）

61-64 A E D B

八、阅读与表达 （共10分，每小题2分）

阅读短文，根据其内容回答问题。

65. Yes, it is.

66. There was a picture of a white horse at first.

67. A stranger.

68. They wanted show the mistake.

69. From the story we have learnt that if you are in trouble , you should take other?s

ideas.

书面表达

9

九、完成句子 （共10分，每小题2分）

70. is as tall as

71. is famous for

72. doesn?t like playing…at all

73. asked me to help… (to) clean

74. made me show him my diary

十、书面表达 (共15分)

75.

I have studied in my school for three years and I will say goodbye to my teachers and then leave my school. I had so many memories in three years? life. On of them impressed me very much.When I was in Grade Two, one day I got ill badly and I couldn?t go to school for a week. My mother worried about mu study. To my surprise Mingming came to my home after school and help me with my lessons. When I came back to school I could catch up with others. I think it is a happy thing to help others.

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