教案

第一部分 语法

一  时态

1 大家知道英语中有几种时态么？说说你知道的时态？

2 时态的变化体现在什么上呢？

  我今天踢足球。 I play football today.

  我昨天踢足球。 I played football yesterday.

  我明天将踢足球。I will play football tomorrow.

时态=时间+体态（状态）

时态定义：在不同的时间里发生的动作或存在的状态需要用动词的不同形式表示出来，动词的这种不同形式就构成了时态。

今天我们重点讲解现在时中的两个体态，一般现在时和现在进行时。

1）一般现在时

a构成（动词的变化）

主语是第一，二或者复数的时候用 动词的原形。

i feel very happy. We feel very happy.

主语为单数第三人称的时候，动词加s 或者es（以原音结尾）。辅音+y时 把y变成I 再加es.

She feels very happy.  She goes to school every day.

Carry--- carries   study---studies

B 用法 4种

 1  表示经常性习惯性反复性发生的动作。

我们每天吃三顿饭。 We have three meals every day.

妈妈每天晚上8点睡觉。My mother goes to bed at 8 every night.

一般现在时常与时间状语连用，如 usually, often, always, everyday, sometimes, once a month，on Mondays.

2 表示客观事实或普遍真理。

太阳从东方升起。 The sun rises in the East.

知识就是力量。 Knowledge is power.

3 表示现在时刻发生的动作或存在的状态。

车来啦！  Here comes the bus.

我感觉很累。 I feel very tired .

4 按照时间表，计划，规定将要发生的事。常与动词; go, come, arrive ,leave, start, begin 等连用。

e.g.火车8点30发车，9点30到达。The train leaves at 8:30 and arrives at 9:30.

考试易错题型：

e.g.如果明天是晴天，我们将去野餐。

If it will be fine tomorrow, we will go on a picnic.

错，在条件状语从句中和时间状语从句中，从句如表示将来的动作，用一般现在时代替。
e.g.你下次来的时候，给我带几本杂志。

When you come next time, bring me some magazines.

【经典例题】

1 ——Do you know if Terry will go camping this weekend?(2008 上海)

——Terry? Never! She ____ tents and fresh air.

A. has hated   B. hated C. will hate D. hates

2 As you can see, the number of cars on our roads____ rising these days.(2006 全国一)

A. was keeping   B. keep   C. keeps   D. were keeping

3 The machine ___. It’s hasn’t worked for years. (2006 浙江)

A. didn’t work   B. wasn’t working   C. doesn’t work   D. isn’t working

4 Look at the timetable. Hurry up! Flight 4026 ____ off at 18:20.

A. takes   B. took   C. will be taken   D. has taken

5The father as well as his three children_____ skating on the frozen river every Sunday afternoon in winter.（2006辽宁）

A. is going               B. go                  C. goes                      D. are going

6       Nowadays, a large number of women, especially those from the countryside, _________ in theclothing industry.（2005辽宁）

A. is working            B. works           C. work              D. worked

7 I ___ all the cooking for my family, but recently I’ve been too busy to do it.(2010,辽宁)

A will do B do C am doing D had done

2) 现在进行时

a  构成 be+现在分词 am/is/are+doing

b  用法 4种

 1 说话时正在进行的动作或存在的状态。

e.g.此刻外面正在下雪。 It is snowing outside now.

现在进行时常和时间状语连用;now, right now, at this moment, at present 等。

2 表示现阶段某动作正在进行，但说话时未必正在进行。

e.g.近来我在农场上帮父亲的忙。 I am helping my father on the farm these days.

3 表示将要发生的动作，和动词go, come, leave, start, arrive等连用。

 e.g.有多少同学来参加会议？How many students are coming to the meeting?

4 表示某种感情色彩。与always, constantly, continually, forever, usually 等副词连用。

e.g. She is always making the same mistakes. 她老是犯同样的错误。

   She is always helping others when they are in trouble.

在别人有麻烦时她总是爱帮忙。（赞美）

高考在线

1 ---I’m not finished with my dinner yet.

--- But our friends ____ for us.(2010,北京)

A will wait B wait C have waited D are waiting

2 it is reported that many a new house___ at present in the disaster area.

A are being built B were being built C was being D is being built

二 以ing 和ed 结尾的形容词

Amaze   amazing  amazed

e.g. We were （amazed） at the（ amazing ）speed.

我们对这个令人吃惊的速度感到吃惊。

以ing 结尾的形容词通常表示事物给人的感觉，意为 令人。。。的。是主动的形式，通常修饰物

以ed 结尾的形容词表示 人对事物的感觉，意为 对，，感到。。的。是被动的形式，通常修饰人。

类似形容词

Embarrass  embarrassing   embarrassed

Excite      exciting        excited

Interest       interesting    interested

Surprise        surprising   surprised

但是有的动词只有现在分词形式的形容词，如 missing

有的动词只有过去分词形式的形容词，married, seated, lost, broken,crowded.

高考链接

1 ____ and short of breath, Andy and Ruby were the first to reach the top of Mount Tai.(2009,浙江)

A to be tired  B Tired C Tiring D Being tired

2 Though ___ to see us, the professor gave us a warm welcome.(2010,全国2)

A suprising  B was surprised C surprised D being surprised

Though引导的让步状语从句为省略句，同一个主语，且谓语动词为be动词，可以把主语和be动词省略。

3 Every evening after dinner,if not___ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. (2009, 湖南)

A being tired B tiring C tired D to be tired

第二部分 重点句型

1)否定前移

I don’t think I will be bored in Mrs Shen’s class!我认为上沈老师的课我是不会感到厌倦的！ 

英语中有些动词，如think, believe, expect, suppose, feel, guess, imagine 等，当它们后面接一个具有否定意义的宾语从句时，通常要把主句的动词变为否定式，而宾语从句中的谓语动词用肯定形式。这种现象称为否定的转移.(条件： a. 主语是I 或we  b.主句谓语动词为一般现在时) 但翻译的时候仍将宾语从句译成否定意义，
注：在反意疑问句中，若陈述部分是第一人称时，think等词用一般现在时时，则疑问部分需与从句中的主语和谓语保持一致，否则要与主句的主语和谓语保持一致。

如：I don't think it's going to rain tomorrow, is it?  我认为明不会下雨，对吗？
　　You don't think I have made mistakes, do you? 你并不认为我犯了什么错误，是吗？
①I don’t suppose anyone will be willing to do it, __________?

     A. do I ?     B. don’t I    C. will they    D. won’t they

 ②Mrs. Black doesn’t believe her son is able to design digital camera, ______?

   A. is he    B. isn’t he    C. doesn’t she      D. does she

3 I never thought that he was good at mathematics,___?(2010,上海部分重点中学模拟)

A was he   B wasn’t he  C did he D didn’t he

4 we don’t suppose that he will come late,____?

A do we B don’t we C will he D won’t he

2)倍数表达

In other words，there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。

As…as  表示 和…一样大 this room is as big as that one. As 之间为形容词或副词的原级，否定句中第一个as可以换成so.

e.g. I have seldom seen my mother ___ pleased with my progress as she is now.(2010, 课标全国1)

A so B very C too D rather

. as…as…表示倍数句型

1)    A is as+ adj. +as B                         A和B…一样

2)    A is not as/so+ adj +as B                    A不如B……

3)    A is half as…as B                           A是B的…的一半

4)    A is …times as…as B                       A是B的…倍

【经典例句】

1)      In other words, there are three times as many girls as boys.换句话说，女生人数是男生的三倍。

2)    Jack is not so clever as his sister.  杰克不如他姐姐聪明。

3)    This pencil is half as long as that one. 这支铅笔是那只铅笔长度的一半。

Their room is four times as large as ours. 他们的房子是我们的4倍大

注意倍数的英语表达：
　　①A + be+倍数 +as+ adj. +as+B
　　Asia is four times as large as Europe.
　　亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。
　　②A+be+倍数+ 比较级+than+B
　　Asia is three times larger than Europe.
　　亚洲比欧洲大三倍。
　　③A+be+倍数+the size/length/height/depth/width+ of+ B
　　Asia is four times the size of Europe.
　　亚洲是欧洲的四倍大。

【即学即练】

D ①At a rough estimate, Nigeria is ________ Great Britain.

A. three times the size as     B. the size three times of

C. three times as the size of   D. three times the size of

【高考试题链接】

C 1 What a table! I’ve never seen such a thing before. It is ____  it is long. 2005湖北

A． half not as wide as   B． wide not as half as

C． not half as wide as   D． as wide as not half

B2Ten years ago the population of our village was ____ that of theirs. 2008陕西

A. as twice large as        B. twice as large as

C. twice as much as       D. as twice much as 

B3John is the tallest boy in the class, _____ according to himself. (2005 安徽)

A. five foot eight as tall as        B. as tall as five foot eight

C. as five foot eight tall as        D. as tall five foot eight as

4 Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost___ his.（2009，辽宁)

A as much twice as B twice as much as C much as twice as D as twice much as

3)区分同位语I live in Shijiazhuang, a city not far from Beijing.

A city 和 Shijiazhuang 是并列关系，not far from Beijing 作a city 的后置定语。

同位语是对先行词的补充。

Barack Obama, the son of a black father and a white American mother, was born in Honolulu.

4）据说。。。

They say that girls are usually more hard-working than boys.

It is said that girls are usually more hard-working than boys.

Girls are said to be usually more hard-working that boys.

拓展

It is reported that…据报道…

It is hoped that  人们希望…

It is believed that 人们相信

It is thought that.. 人们认为

It is supposed that   据推测。。

It is well-known that 众所周知。。。

高考链接

1 it is often ___ that human beings are naturally equipped to speak.(2009,全国2)

A said B to say C saying D being said

第三部分 重点词组

1 More than

原句： there are 65students in my class—more than my previous class in Junior High.

More than 多达。。。，。。以上

More than+数词，超过。。。 there are more than 30 students .

More than+名词，不仅仅。China Daily is more than a newspaper. It can help us learn English.

More than+句子，构成比较状语从句。I have more books than he(does).

More…than…与其说。。。不如说。。。 don’t be too hard on him. He’s more misled than stupid.不要对他太苛刻，与其说他愚蠢，倒不如说他被误导了。

Rather than 而不是。The parents should be blamed rather than the children.

Other than 除了 he claims not to own anything other than his home.他声称除了家一无所有。

it took ___ building supplies to construct these energy-saving houses. It took brains,too.(2009,浙江)

A other than B more thanC thanD less than

2 Far from 远离，离。。很远; 一点也不，远非，后面常接形容词或者名词。 不加具体数字，加数字时用far away from.距离….远

The airport is far from my home.

What he said is far from the truth.

Far from helping the situation, you’ve just made it worse.

你非但对情况没有什么帮助，反而弄得更糟糕。

as far as 远到。。。The flood waters had come up as far as the house .

 as far as I know,据我所知，as far as I know, the whole thing should cost about 500 dollars.

As far as sth is concerned, 就某事而言。 This had been a difficult period as far as the German economy is concerned.

So far 到目前为止，常与现在完成时连用。

e.g. So far we have done a lot to build a low-carbon economy, but it is __ ideal.(2010,江苏)

A next to B far from C out of D due to

Take part in区分join in / join/ attend

Take part in 参加某项活动，并且在其中起作用。We often take part in physical labour.

Join in 参加小型活动，如游戏，唱歌，讨论等. We shall be glad to join in the discussion.

Join 加入 党派，社会团体。He joined the army two years ago.

Attend 出席，参加会议，婚礼，葬礼，上课等. He had decided to attend her wedding.

e.g the boy__ the club and ____ a lot of activities in his spare time.

A took part in; join B joined; took part in C joined; took part in

 D joined in; took part in

第四部分 重点单词

1 Appear 系动词Appear 作为实义动词是不及物的，意为出现。

 As soon as she appears, we can get start.

Appear 还可以作为系动词，意为 似乎，显得

He appeared disappointed when I left.

He didn’t want to appear a fool.

系动词 连接主语和表示主语身份，性质，状态的动词，一般可跟名词，形容词等作表语。系动词没有被动，不用于进行时。

还有：be  feel  look smell keep continue remain.

2Information　　不可数名词

不可数名词没有数的变化，不能直接用数词或不定冠词修饰。一般用some, much, a lot of, lots of, a little 等数量形容词表示，Some information.  A lot of money.也可以用适当的量词作单位表示。A piece of information. Two pieces of information.

类似：news, advice, equipment , furniture, fun

News 与Information的区别

Information 注重消息的内容 News 侧重消息的 新

3Cover 一词多义

1）          包括。 His report covered all aspects of the problem.

2）          掩饰。The prisoner tried to cover the fact.

3）          占据。 Our school covers 3 square miles.

4）          行过（路程）. They stopped for the night after covering a distance of 500li。

5）          报道（事件）。 All important events in the world are covered in China Daily.

6）          够付。。。费用。Will 100yuan cover the cost of the chair?100元够付椅子钱么？

Cover 与 interview的区别

Cover 报道的对象是 事件. He was sent to cover the event.

Interview采访的对象是人。He was sent to interview the manager.

高考链接

1 –do you have enough to ___ all your daily expense?

 ---Oh yes, enough and to spare.(2009,山东)

A cover B spend C fill D offer

2 All the leading newspaper ___ the trade talks

 between China and the United States.

A covered B interviewed C printed D published

3 the wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__ the desert.

A covering B covered C cover D to cover