2013新目标英语八年级上册知识要点

Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?

Phrazes and expressions（短语与表达）：

go on vacation去度假 quite a few相当多 go out出去

of course当然；自然 feel like给……的感觉；感受到 because of因为 ride bycycles/bikes骑自行车 take photos 照相 wait for 等待

have a good time=enjoy oneself=have fun(doing sth.)玩得痛快

Key sentences：

（Grammar focus中句子）

Did you buy anything special？ 你买特别的东西了吗？

Everything tasted really good！所有的东西尝起来真的很好吃！

And because of the bad weather，we couldn’t see anything below.

而且因为坏天气，我们没能看到下面的任何东西

重点语法：

1、复合不定代词

2、一般过去式

一般过去时精讲

1．一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的动作或存在的状态，常和表示过去的时间状语连用。一般过去时也表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

2．Be动词在一般过去时中的变化：

⑴am 和is在一般过去时中变为was。（was not=wasn't）

⑵are在一般过去时中变为were。（were not=weren't）

⑶带有was或were的句子，其否定、疑问的变化和is, am, are一样，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑问句把was或were调到句首。

3．句中没有be动词的一般过去时的句子

否定句：didn't +动词原形，如：Jim went home yesterday. Jim didn't go home yesterday.

一般疑问句：在句首加did，句子中的动词过去式变回原形。

如：Jim went home yesterday.

Did Jim go home yesterday?

特殊疑问句：⑴疑问词+一般疑问句？

如：Jim went home yesterday.

Did Jim go home yesterday?

What did Jim do yesterday?

动词过去式变化规则：参照课本或笔记。

不规则动词过去式：P142不规则动词表

Unit 2 How often do you exercise?

重点语法：频率副词

询问别人做某事的频繁程度

提问用 How often 引导特殊疑问句

回答用 always, sometimes, twice a day 等频率副词。

例句：A: How often do you watch TV?(你多长时间看一次电视？)

B: I watch TV every day.(我每天都看电视。)

A: What's your favorite program?(你最喜欢的节目是什么？)

B: It's Animal World.(是《动物世界》。)

A: How often do you watch it?(你多长时间看一次这个节目？)

主要频率副词的等级排序：

always(总是) >usually (通常) >often(经常) > sometimes(有时) > hardly ever(很少) > never(从不)

隔一段时间做某事数次用 数词 + 时间间隔 的结构构成。如：

once a week 一周一次 twice a day 一天两次

three times a month 一个月三次(三次或三次以上用 基数词 + times 的结构构成) four times a year 一年四次

Phrazes and expressions：

how often 多久一次 as for 至于；关于

how many 多少（针对可数名词） how much 多少（针对不可数名词）

of course = sure 当然；确信 look after = take care of = care for 照顾；照看 a lot of = lots of = plenty of 许多；大量 every day/night 每一天/晚

help with housework帮助做家务 on weekends在周末

go to the movies去看电影 use the Internet用互联网

play tennis打网球 at least至少

stay up late熬夜；睡得很晚 have piano lessons上钢琴课

go to bed early早点睡觉 play sports进行体育活动

be good for对……有好处 go camping去野营

such as 例如，像如 go to the dentist去看牙医

morn than多于 超过 less than少于 more than 多于

Unit 3 I'm more outgoing than my sister.

重点语法：形容词/副词的比较级和最高级

例句：A: Lin Ping is my friend. (Lin Ping 是我的朋友。)

She's a little more outgoing than me.(她比我性格要活泼开朗一些。)

B: My friend is the same as me.(我的朋友跟我一样。)We are both quiet.(我们都很静。) A: Do you look the same?(你们长相相像吗？)

B: No, I'm a little taller than her.(不，我比她高一点。)

Phrazes and expressions：

in common 共同的 most of 大多数

in some ways 在某些方面 the same as 与……一样

make sb. + adj. 让某人（感觉）……（加形容词）

stop doing sth. 停止做某事 stop to do sth. 停止当前做的事去做另一件事 plan to do sth. 计划做某事

Unit 4 What's the best movie theater?

重点语法：在各事物间进行比较，用形容词的原形、比较级和最高级

例句：A: What's the best movie theater in town?(城里最好的电影院是哪一家？) B: I think Town Theater is the best.(我认为城市电影院是最好的。) It’s the closest to home. (它离家最近)

不规则比较级与最高级：good/well → better → the best

bad/badly → worse → the worst bad /

many / much → more → most

little→ less- → least

Phrazes and expressions：

1. The best movie theater 最好的电影院 2. close to = near 靠近；接近

3. take…seriously 认真/严肃对待 4. Be up to由…决定

5. The most boring songs最乏味的歌曲

6. not ... at all 一点也不 7. radio station 广播站

8. Think of = think about 考虑，想到 9. In fact 事实上

10. Take walks = take a walk = go for a walk散步

11. Around the world = all over the world = all through the world 全世界

12. Have … in common在…方面有共同之处 13. make up 编造

14. Look for寻找 15. For example例如

16. The shortest waiting time 最短的等待时间

17. Play a role in doing something在……之中起重要作用/ 扮演重要角色

18. The best place to go to on weekends周末的最好去处

19. it is adj. [for sb.] to do sth. 做某事（对某人来说）感觉……（加形容词）

Unit 5 Do you want to watch a game show？

Phrazes and expressions：

1. talk/sports/game show 访谈/体育/娱乐节目 2. talent show 达人秀,才艺秀

3. dress up 装扮；乔装打扮 4. be ready to do sth. 准备做某事

5. have a discussion 进行讨论 6. soap opera 肥皂剧

7. find out 找出，查出，查明 8. watch action movies 看动作电影

9. do a good job 干得好 10. take sb’s place 代替；替换

11. over 80 years ago 八十多年前 12. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事

13. try one’s best to do sth. 尽力做某事

14. one of the main reasons 主要的理由之一

15. plan/hope/expect/wish to do sth. 计划/希望做某事

Key sentences：

1.--- What do you think of talk shows ? 你认为访谈节目怎么样？

---I don’t mind them. 我不关注他们。/I can’t stand them. 我受不了了他们.

---I love watching them.我很喜欢看。

2.---Why do you like watching the news?你为什么喜欢看新闻。

--- Because I hope to find out what’s going on around the word.

我希望弄清世界各地正在在发生的事情。

3. Do you plan to watch the news tonight? 今天晚上你打算看新闻吗？

4. However, he was always ready to try his best.

然而，他总是愿意尽自己最大努力。

5. One of main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger.

主要的原因之一是米老鼠想一个普通人，但他总是尽力面对任何危险。

6. You can expect to learn a lot from them.

你可以期待从中了解到很多东西。

7. He became very rich and successful. 他变得非常富有和成功。

8. She dresses up like a boy and takes her father’s place to fight in the army. 他装扮成一个男孩并且代替他父亲去参军

Unit6 I’m going to study computer science.

一、短语 1.grow up 成长 2. every day每天 3. be able to能

4.study computer science 学习计算机科学

5.become/be a writer 成为一位作家 6.be sure about/that 确信；对……有把握 7.make sure 确保；查明 8.take acting lessons 上表演课 9. hardly ever几乎不；很少

10. too…to…太……而不能……/太……以至于不能

11.move to搬到，移动到 12. send…to…把……送到…… 13.learn to play the piano 学习弹钢琴 14.make the soccer team 组建足球队 二、重点句子

1.—What do you want to be when you grow up？ —I want to be a basketball player.

2.—How are you going to do that？ —那你打算怎么做呢？ —I’m going to practice basketball every day。

3.—Wow，now I know why you’re so good at writing stories。 —哇，现在我知道你为什么如此擅长写故事了。

15.get lots of exercise 多锻炼 16. make promises to sb. 向某人保证/承诺

17.learn another foreign language 再学一门外语

18.take piano lessons 上钢琴课 19.make resolutions 下决心；制定计划 20.the meaning of.. ……的意思 21.a kind of promise 一种承诺

22.at the beginning/start of the year 在新年刚开始的时候

23.write down 写下；记下 24.different kinds of 不同种类的 25.have to do with 关于；与……有关 26.take up 学习做；开始做 27.make a weekly plan 制订周计划

4.—Most of the time，we make promises to other people。However，promises you make to yourself are resolutions。

大多数时间，我们向其他人保证。然而，你向自己做的保证是决心。

5. Some people write down their resolutions and plans for the coming year. 一些人写下他们来年决心和计划.

6.This helps them to remember their resolutions

这帮助他们记住自己的决心.

7.Many resolutions have to do with self-improvement.

许多决心和自我提高有关系.

8. For this reason，some people say the best resolution is to have no resolutions.

因为这个原因，一些人说最好的决心就是不下决心.

9.The third resolution is about improving my relationships with my family and friends. 第三个决心是关于改善我和我家人、朋友关系的.

10.The last resolution is about how to do better at school.

最后一个决心是关于怎样在学校里做的更好的.

Unit 7 Will people have robots?

一、Phrases 7. look like看起来像

1. hundreds of许多,大量,成百上千的 8. look for 寻找

2. wake up醒来 9. Play a part in 在…中起重要作用

3. On a space station在空间/太空站 10．World peace世界和平

4.live to be 200years old活到二百岁 11.Over and over again反复地，

5.in100 years一百年以后 12．Fall down跌倒，突然倒下

6. in the future 将来 13．On the earth在地球上

二、Sentences structures

1. A: Will people use money in 100 years? A：一百年后人们用钱吗？ 次多

B: Yes, they will. / No, they won’t. B：是的，用。/ 不，不用。

2. Kids won’t go to school. They’ll study at home on computers.

孩子们将不去上学。他们将在家用电脑上学习。

3. There will be fewer people and less free time.

将有更少的人和更少的空余时间。

4. There will be more pollution. 将有更多的污染。

5. I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation. 我要去香港度假。

6. One day I’ll even go to Australia. 有一天我甚至可能会去澳大利亚。

7. What will the weather be like tomorrow? 明天的天气如何？

8. I want to work for myself when I’m older. 当我大点的时候，我想为自己工作。

9. There are robots working in factories. 工厂里有机器人正在工作。

10. 我们不知道将来会发生什么。

11. as a reporter, I ‘ll meet lots of interesting people.

作为一名记者，我会遇到很多有趣的人。

12. what will the future be like？ 未来将会是什么样子？

Unit8 How do you make a banana milk shake?

一、Phrases

milk shake奶昔 turn on/off接通，打开/关闭（电流、煤气、水等）； pour…into…把……倒入……

a cup of yogurt一杯酸奶 on Saturday在星期六 cut up切碎

put…into…把……放入…… one more thing还有一件事

a piece of一片/张/段/首……

at this time在这时 fill… with…用……把……装满

cover…with…用……覆盖…… one by one一个接一个；逐个；依次 a long

time很长时间

It’s time (for sb.)+to do sth. 到（某人）做某事的时间了

First…Next…Then…Finally 首先……接下来……然后…….最后…… Unit9 Can you come to my party?

一、 Phrases

on Saturday afternoon在周六下午 prepare for为……做准备

go to the doctor去看医生 have the flu患感冒

help my parents帮助我的父母 come to the party来参加聚会

another time其他时间 last fall去年秋天 go to the party去聚会

hang out常去某处；泡在某处 the day after tomorrow后天

the day before yesterday前天

look after照看；照顾 hear from接到（某人的）信，电话等

turn down拒绝 take a trip去旅行

at the end of this month这个月末

look forward to盼望；期待

the opening of… ……的开幕式/落成典礼 not…until直到……才

study for a test为考试学习

have to不得不 go to the movies去看电影

after school放学后 on the weekend在周末

二． sentences

1．Thanks for asking me. = Thanks for inviting me.=Thanks for your invitation. 谢谢你的邀请

2. --Can you come to my birthday party?

--Sure, / Certainly, / Yes, I'd love to.

--Sorry, / I'm sorry, I can't. I have to prepare for an exam.我必须为考试做准备。 --I'd love to. But I’m afraid I can’t.

3.--What's today ? 今天是哪天？ --It's Friday the 14th.

4.I have too much homework(to do) this weekend.

本周末我有太多家庭作业(要做)。

5 .Can he go to the movies tomorrow night？-No, he’s not available.

明晚他能来看电影吗？--不，他没空。

Unit10 If you go to the party,you’ll have a great time!

一、 Phrases

stay at home待在家里 have a class party进行班级聚会

order food订购食物 have a class meeting开班会

at the party在聚会上 potato chips炸土豆片，炸薯条 in the end最后 make mistakes犯错误 keep…to oneself保守秘密

talk with sb.与某人交谈 in half分成两半

solve a problem解决问题 school clean-up学校大扫除

二、 sentences

1.I think I’ll go to the party. 我想我会去聚会。

2.---what will happen if they have the party today?

如果他们今天举行聚会，会发生什么？

---If they have it today，half the class won’t come.

如果他们今天举行，一半的同学不会来。

ask sb. to do sth.要求某人做某事 tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人做某事 be afraid to do sth.害怕做某事 advise sb. to do sth.劝告某人做某事 It’s best (not) to do sth.最好（不）做某事 need to do sth.需要做某事