20xx版人教版七年级英语上全册重点知识讲解与练习

1. Good morning/afternoon/evening. 早上(上午)/下午/晚上好。答语相同。在熟人或家人之间可省略good。熟人之间的问候可加上称呼语,称呼语放在问候语之后且用逗号隔开。如:Good morning , class!同学们,早上好!△Good night!晚安(晚间告别用语)

2. A: How are you? 你(身体)好吗?

我很好,谢谢。你呢? A: (I‘m)fine/OK, too. 我也很好。

3. thanks = thank you 谢谢 4.音标及读音

英语国际音标表(48个)元音(20个)

长元音 短元音

/ɑ:/ / ?/ 双元音

/?:/ /?/ /e?/

辅音(28个)

轻辅音 浊辅音 鼻音

/p/ /b/ /m/

/ t/ /d/

/ k/ /g/ /n/

/f/ /v/

/θ/ /e/

/s/ /?/ / h/ /ts/ /z/ /?/ / r/ /dz/

/ w/

/t?/ /tr/ /d?/

/dr/

/ ?:/ /?/ /a?/

/i:/ /?/

/U:/ /?/

/e/

/?/

Starter Units 1--3 Good morning.

/??/ /??/ /e?/ /??/ /??/ /a?/

/?/ 半元音 / j/

边音 / ?/

Starter Unit 2 What’s this in English?

1. What‘s this/that? 这/那是什么? a/an + 单数物品 (△不说This/That is...) 2. What‘s this/that in English? 这/那用英语怎么说? a/an + 单数物品 (△不说This/That is...) What‘s this in English? 这用英语怎么说?It’s a jacket. 夹克衫 What‘s that in English? 那用英语怎么说?It’s an orange. 橘子。

in + 语言:用某种语言 in Chinese/English/Japanese用汉/英/日语

3. a 和an是不定冠词,只用在可数名词单数前面,表示―一‖。a用在以辅音音素开头的单词前;an用在以元音音素开头的单词前。这里的元音音素和辅音音素是指读音,而不是指字母。如:a pen /pen/ 一支钢笔 (/p/为辅音音素) an orange /‘ ?rind? / 一个桔子 (/? /为元音音素)

4. Spell it, please. = Please spell it. 请拼读它。( Can you spell it? ) K – E - Y.

Spell ―pen‖, please. = Please spell pen. 请拼读―pen‖。 P – E - N. 注:please置于句末时,前面要加逗号。

Starter Unit 3 What color is it?

1. What‘s this/that? 这/那是什么? It‘s V. 这是V。

V是字母,是专有名词,前面不必加冠词,但表示某一类东西,则在其单数名词前加a或an。 1) 这/那是什么? 2) What‘s this/that? 这/那是什么?

a ruler. (这/那是)直尺。 (这/那是)苹果。

2. 问颜色:What color

1) What color is + 单数名词? 2) What color are + 复数名词? It‘s /It is + 颜色. They‘re/They are + 颜色.

如1) What color is the key?(这把)钥匙是什么颜色的? It‘s (It is)yellow. (它是)黄色的。

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2) What color are the keys? 这些钥匙是什么颜色的? They‘re (They are) red.. (它们)是红色的。

3. color 1) n.颜色 2) v. 给......着色,把......染成某种颜色 color sth + 颜色:把某物涂成??颜色 Color the pencil red. 把铅笔涂成红色。

4. It‘s black and white. 它是黑白色的。

5. The key is yellow. 钥匙是黄色的。

The是定冠词,表示―这(个),那(个),这些,那些‖ ,在元音音素前读/ ei: /,在辅音音素前读

/ e ? /。它可以用在名词前,表示特指说话双方都知道的人或物,或上文提到的人或物。 桌子上的书是我的。(特指) 老师在哪? (双方都知道) 他有支钢笔,钢笔是黑色的。(指上文提到的事物)

6. 七年级字母教学资料

1)英语中共有26个字母。其中的Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu 5个字母被称为元音字母。这五个元音字母是构成英语

成千上万单词的核心,除了一些缩略词之外,其它任何一个英语单词,通常都应包含一个或多个元音字母。26个字母中的其它21个字母被称为辅音字母。

7.英语句子的书写

句子开头的第一个单词的第一个字母要大写,单词与单词之间要有适当的距离,一般为放入一个字母的空隙,句末要有标点符号,英语的句号是个实心圆点,而不是汉语中的小圆圈。

8..大写字母的用法

1)英语句子开头的第一个字母必须大写。

2)I(我),OK在句中任何位置都大写。

3)人名、地名、国名、某国人或某种语言等专有名词的第一个字母必须大写。

4)电影名、书名、报刊、文章的标题等中的每个实词(如:名词、动词、形容词、副词、数词)的第一个字母一

般大写。English Weekly《英语周报》Titanic《泰坦尼克号》

5)表示月份、星期、重要节日的名词的第一个字母必须大写。

6)某些缩略词的第一个字母都必须大写。

7)表示称呼的名词的第一个字母通常要大写。Uncle Wang王叔叔

9.词类 参看教材

10. 英语句子成分:组成句子的各个部分即句子成分。句子成分包括:主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补足语等。

本块习题:

1、 写出同义词或同义句

Hello !_________ I’m fine . __________ Thanks . _________

Spell it , please ._______________________

2、 写出下列词的缩略形式 I am ______ what is ________ it is _________

3、补全对话

(1)、A: Hi , Helen ! How are you ?

B : _______ , Bob ! ______ ______ well , ______ ______ . ______ _______ ?

A: I’m ______ , _______ .

(2) 、A: What’s this _______English ? B : _______ is ______ jachet .

(3)、 A : What ______ is it ? B : It______ green .

4、改错

(1)、---What is it ? ---It is an “u” .

(2)、---What’s that in English ? ---That is a quilt .

(3)、---What’s this in English ? ---This is a key .

(4)、This is an ruler , that is a orange .

Unit 1 My name’s Gina.

1. 介绍自己:My name‘s+名字 我的名字叫....../ I‘m+名字 我是......

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2.询问姓名

1)What‘s your name? 你叫什么名字? Alan艾伦 / My name‘s Alan我的名字叫艾伦 / I‘m Alan 我叫艾伦 What‘s = What is name‘s = name is I‘m = I am

2)What‘s his name? 他叫什么名字?

His name‘s Eric 他的名字叫埃里克。/ He‘s Eric . 他叫埃里克( He‘s = He is )

3)What‘s her name?她叫什么名字?

Her name‘s Mary. 她的名字叫玛丽。/ She‘s Mary. 她叫玛丽。 ( She‘s = She is )

3. Nice to meet you. 见到你很高兴。(初次见面用语。)回答Nice to meet you. 或Nice to meet you, too.

4. How do you do? 你好!回答:How do you do? 你好!

5. Mr ,Mrs ,Miss 和Ms

Mr ['mist?(r)] 先生Miss [mis] 小姐,女士;(年轻未婚女子)

Mrs ['misiz] 太太;夫人(用于已婚妇女姓名前)Ms. [miz] 女士

6. Is he Jack? 他是杰克吗? Yes, he is. 是的,他是。

No, he isn‘t. His name‘s Mike. 不,他不是。他的名字叫迈克。

7. Are you Helen? 你是海伦吗?Yes, I am.是的,我是。/ No, I‘m not. I‘m Gina. 不,我不是。我是吉娜。

8.英美人的姓名与中国人的姓名顺序相反,名在前,姓在后。如Jim Green, 名是Jim,姓是Green。 △名字:first name(第一个名字)或 given name 姓氏:last name(最后的名字)或family name(家族的名字) 全名:full name

9. 问电话号码:

号码.

10、Be的英法

我(I)用am, 你(you)用are,is跟着他(he),她(she),它(it)。单数名词用is,复数名词全用are。

变否定,更容易,be后not加上去。变疑问,往前提,句末问号莫丢弃。还有一条须注意,句首大写莫忘记。 针对练习1) I 14, how old you? 我14岁,你多大了?

a student.他/她是个学生。钥匙是黄色的。

4)He and I 他和我都是学生。

三加五等于八。

Wha九加七等于几?

本块习题

1、 name is (缩略式)_______ boy (对应词)_______

last name (同义词)_______ telephone number (同义词)_______

my (主格人称代词)_______ you (形容词性物主代词)_______

2、 补全句子

A:_________________ B: My name’s Mary .

A:What’s his name ? B: _____________Jim .

A:_________________? B: My telephone number is 3968.

3.根据括号中的答案,用完整句子回答问题。

1.What’s your name ? ( Mary ) _______________________

2.What’s his name ? ( Jim ) _______________________

3.What’s his last name ( Green )?_______________________

4.What’s her phone number( 92931 ) ?_______________________

Unit 2 This is my sister.

1. parent: father or mother 父亲或母亲 parents: father and mother父母(双)亲

2. 介绍他人

1) This / That is...这/那位是......2)These / Those are...这/那些是......

This is my friend Jane.这(位)是我的朋友简 That is my grandfather. 那(位)是我的祖父。

These are my brothers. 这些是我的兄弟。 Those are my parents. 那些是我的父母。

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2)打电话时,介绍自己用this, 询问对方用that。如:

—Hello! Is that Miss Green? 喂,是格林小姐吗?

—Yes, this is. Who’s that? 是的,我是,你是谁?

注意:虽然汉语中使用“我”和“你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说:I am?, Are you??/Who are you?

3. 指示代词

this / these这/这些。一般用来指时间或空间上较近的事物。

that / those那/那些。一般用来指时间或空间上较远的事物。 4. This is my friend. 复数 These are my friends.

That is my brother. 复数 Those are my brothers.

1、This is my friend . ______ ______my

2、That is his parent . ______ ______his ______

3、She is her cousin . ______ ______her ______

4、He is my son . ______ ______ my ______

5、It is my watch . ______ ______ my ______

5. Who‘s she? 她是谁? She‘s my sister. 她是我妹妹。

Who‘s he? 他是谁? He‘s my brother. 她是我哥哥。

Who‘re they? 他们是谁? They‘re my grandparents. 他们是我的祖父母。

Who‘s = Who is Who‘re = Who are She‘s = She is He‘s = He is They‘re =They are

6. Have a good day! 愿你们(一天)玩得高兴!(该句用于表达祝愿,祝愿对方一天里有好的心情和运气。Day还可用morning, afternoon, evening等词语代替。 Have a good evening, you two! 祝你们俩晚上玩个痛快!

8. You, too. 你(们)也一样。 Me ,too . So do I .我也是如此。

9. the photo of your family = your family photo

12.Here are two nice photos of my family.这有两张我家人的漂亮照片。

Here are …表示“这是??;这(儿)有??”,用于介绍或引入话题,也可用Here is … 来表示单数的概念。 Here is your book. 这是你的书 13. family

1)指家庭时是一个整体概念,是单数。

如: the family is rich.这个家庭很富有。His family is a big family他的家庭是个大家庭。

2) 指家人时是复数,因为它指家庭成员。

Our family all like playing football. 我们家的人(家庭成员)‖喜欢踢足球。

My family are watching TV at home. 我家人正在家看电视。

15.名词复数(English book, Page94.)

可数名词有单复数两种形式,名词的复数形式的部分规则如下:

1)一般情况在词尾加-s ,清辅音后读/s/,浊辅音和元音后读/z/。如:book----books /buks/ desk---desks /desks/

bag----bags /b?gz/ game----games /geimz/ key----keys /ki:z/

2)以s, x, sh, ch,等结尾的词加-s,读/iz/. 如:bus----buses /b?siz/ box----boxes /b?ksiz/ fish----fishes /‘fi?iz/

watch----watches /‘w?t?iz/

3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为i,再加-es。读/z/。如:family----families

baby----babies party----parties strawberry----strawberries

4)以f或fe结尾的词

①变f或fe为ves。读/vz/。该类词有:knife刀,life生命,wife妻子,self自己,leaf叶 子,thief贼,half一

半,wolf狼,等等。

②直接加-s的有:roof房顶,belief信念,chief首领,gulf海湾,proof证据

③两种都可以的有:handkerchief手绢----handkerchiefs / handkerchieves

5)以o结尾的词

①以―辅音字母+o‖结尾的词,有生命的加-es,如:potato----potatoes,tomato----tomatoes, hero英雄----heroes;无生命的加-s,如: photo----photos, kilo----kilos,piano----pianos

②以―元音字母+o‖ 结尾的词,加-s,如:radio----radios, zoo----zoos

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常见的不规则变化有:

man--men男人 woman--women 女人 foot--feet脚 mouse--mice老鼠 child--children孩子

deer----deer 鹿 sheep----sheep绵羊

Russian---Russians俄国人 German---Germans德国人 American--- Americans美国人

Chinese--- Chinese中国人 Japanese--- Japanese日本人 Swiss--- Swiss瑞士人

本块习题一、写出下列词的相应形式

(1)Chinese ____________ (复数) (2)、friend ______(复数) (3)、this ______(复数)

(4)、that ______(复数) (5)、son ______对应词) (6)、uncle ______(对应词)

(7)、photo ______(复数) (8)、he / she / it ______(复数)

二、句型转换

1、Is this your daughter ? (假设有,简略回答)___________________

2、Is that his son?(假设无,简略回答) ___________________

3、These are my family photos .(变成一般疑问句,并作出肯定回答)

(1)、______ ______ ______ family photos ? (2)、_______________

4、Those are her parents .(变成一般疑问句,并作出否定回答)

(1)、______ ______ her parents ? (2)、______________

5、This is my aunt .(变成复句) ____________________________

6、That is his sister .(变成复句) ____________________________-

7、It is her photos .(变成复句) ____________________________

四、改错

( )_____1、This are my parent . ( )_____2、That are his friends .

A B C A B C

( )_____3、 Those are my uncle . ( )_____4、These are bus .

A B C A B

( )_____5、Here is my family photos . ( )_____6、Is she your friends ?

A B C A B C

Unit 3 Is this your pencil?

20xx版人教版七年级英语上全册重点知识讲解与练习

1) 人称代词作主语时用主格;作宾语时用宾格;作表语时用主格或宾格,但在口语中常用宾格。

① 我饿了,请给我一些吃的东西。

(作主语) (作宾语)

②( ) like ( ), and ( ) likes ( ) , too.我喜欢她,她也喜欢我。

③ Who told him that news? 谁告诉他那个消息的? It‘s me/I. 是我。

2) 并列人称代词的排列顺序:人称代词在并列使用时,单数的顺序是第二人称→第三人称→第一人称;复数的顺序是第一人称→第二人称→第三人称。

you, he, and I你,我,他 you and I我和你 he and I 我和他 you and he 你和他

we and you 我们和你们 you and they 你们和他们 we, you and they我们,你们和他们

3) 形容词性物主代词修饰名词,必须放在名词前面,相当于形容词,在句中作定语。名词性物主代词相当于名词(即

指代名词,后面不能再加名词),在句中作主语、表语或宾语。

① This is your ruler, it is not mine.这是你的尺子,不是我的。

② 这是他的书,你的在桌子上。

③ (他) doesn‘t have an eraser. __ (我的)is in the bag. Give __(他)__(你的).

他没有橡皮擦。我的在包里。把你的给他吧。

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2. Is this/that...? 这/那是......吗?

Yes, it is. / No, it isn‘t. 是的,这/那(它)是。/ 不,这/那(它)不是。

△回答时,要用it来代替this和that。不可回答Yes, this/that is. / No, this/that isn‘t.

1)Is this your pencil ? 这是你的铅笔吗

Yes, it is. It‘s mine是的,它是我的(铅笔)。No, it isn‘t. It‘s hers. 不,不是的。这是她的(铅笔)

2)Is that your schoolbag? 那是你的书包吗?

Yes, it is. It‘s mine是的,它是我的(书包)。No, it isn‘t. It‘s his. 不,不是的。那是她的(书包)

It‘s = It is isn‘t = is not

3. Are these / those … ? 这 / 那些是??吗?

Yes, they are. / No, they aren‘t. 是的,这/那些(它们)是。/ 不,这/那些(它们)不是。

△回答时,要用they来代替these和those。

不可回答Yes, these / those are / No, these / those aren‘t..

1) Are these your books? 这些是你的书吗?

Yes, they are. 是的,这些(它们)是。 No, they aren‘t. They are hers. 不,这些(它们)不是。这些是她的(书)。

2)Are those her keys? 那些是她的钥匙吗?

Yes, they are. 是的,那些(它们)是。 No, they aren‘t. They are mine. 不,那些(它们)不是。那些是我的(书)。 aren‘t = are not

4. Excuse me.请原谅/打扰了(客套语,用于问别人问题、请别人帮忙、打断别人说话等场合。)

Sorry/I‘m sorry. ―对不起,抱歉‖(用于向别人表示歉意)

A: Excuse me. Where is my pen? 打扰了,我的钢笔在那?

B: Sorry/I‘m sorry, I don‘t know. 对不起,我不知道。

5. What / how about …? ―……怎么样?‖ ―……又如何呢?‖。后接名词,代词或动名词。

1)向对方提出建议或请求。例如: 出去散散步好吗?

What about another cake? 再吃块蛋糕好吗?

2)征询对方的看法或意见。例如:

What about her playing the violin? (你认为)她的小提琴拉的怎么样?

What about the TV play? 那个电视剧怎么样?

6. thanks / thank you for...因......而感谢 for是介词,后接n / pron / v-ing. (名词/代词、动名词)

Thanks for the photo of your family. 谢谢你的全家福照片。 Thanks for helping me. 谢谢你帮助我。Thank you for your help. 谢谢你的帮助。

7.如何用英语表示感谢

1)表示感谢的常用套语:

It?s very kind of you. 你太好了,多谢你了。 Thank you. 谢谢你。 Thank you very much. 非常感谢。 Thanks a lot. 多谢。Thanks very much. 非常感谢。Thanks so much. 非常感谢。 Many thanks. 多谢。

2)回答感谢的常用答语:

Not at all. 别客气;不用谢;哪儿的话 You are welcome. 不用谢。That?s all right. 没什么;不用谢。 That?s OK. 没什么;不用谢。 It?s [It was] a pleasure. 不用客气;不用谢。

It is (was) my pleasure. 别客气,这是我高兴做的。My pleasure. 不客气,这是我高兴做的事。

8.How do you spell...? 你怎么拼写/读???

A: How do you spell ―red‖? B: R-E-D.

用于询问或要求对方拼写单词的表达方式还有:

Spell it, please.请把它拼写出来。

Can you spell it, please? 请把它拼写出来好吗?

Do you know how to spell it? 你知道它如何拼写吗?

9. ask for…. 请求/要…… 如:I‘ll ask for two pencils. 我将要两支铅笔。

ask sb for sth 向某人请求/要某物 ask the teacher for help 向老师求助

10. call sb at + 电话号码:―拨打...号码找某人‖ Call Alan at 495-3539.拨打495-3539找艾伦

(请)给我

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1)at放在电子邮箱的地址或电话号码等前面,表示“根据??;按照??”

2)@是at的缩写,读作at,com前的实心点读作dot。

12. I must find it. 我必须找到它。Must情态动词

13. a set of...一套/副/串......a set of keys 一串钥匙

a set of...作句子的主语时,应看作一个整体,谓语动词用单数。如:有串钥匙在桌子上。

14.Is that your computer game in the lost and found case? 那个在失物招领箱里的电子游戏机是你的吗?

in the lost and found case 在失物招领箱里

本节练习题 (一)、把下列含be的肯定句 先变成否定句,再变成一般疑问句,然后做一般疑问句。肯定句 否定句 一般疑问句 肯定回答否定回答

肯定句 This is my pencil . (这是我的铅笔) 否定句 This ______my pencil . (这不是我的铅笔)

一般疑问句 ______ this______ pencil ? (这是你的铅笔吗)肯定回答 ____________. 否定回答. _____________

2、肯定句 That is my eraser .(那是我的橡皮擦)否定句 That ______eraser . (那不是我的橡皮擦)

一般疑问句 ______ that ______eraser ? (那是你的橡皮擦)肯定回答 ____________ 否定回答 ______________

3、肯定句 These are my pens . (这些是我的钢笔)否定句 These______ my pens . (这些不是我的钢笔) 一般疑问句 ______ these ______pens ? (这些是你的钢笔吗)肯定回答 ____________. 否定回答 ____________ .

4、肯定句 Those are his baseballs . (那些是他的棒球)否定句 Those ______his baseballs . (那些不是他的棒球) 一般疑问句 ______those ______ pens ? (那些是他的棒球吗)肯定回答 ____________ 否定回答 ____________

(二)、补全对话

Jim: ______ ______ , Tom . Is this your dictionary ?

Tom: Yes,______ ______

Jim : What’s this ?

Tom: It’s _______ eraser .

Jim : How do you ______ it ?

Tom : E—R—A—S—E—R

Unit 4 Where‘s my backpack?

1. 谈论物品的位置

Where‘s + 单数物品? Where are + 复数物品?

It‘s + 介词短语. They‘re + 介词短语.

1) Where‘s the baseball? It‘s in the backpack. 棒球在哪?在背包里。

3) Where are your books? They‘re on the chair.你的书在哪?在椅子上。

名词前已有作定语的this, that, my, your, some, any, each, every等代词,则不用冠词。

2. 表位置的介词

on 在......上(两者相接触) in 在......里 under在......下面(正下方)

3. Come on, Jack! 快点儿,杰克!= Hurry (up), Jack!

4. Gina‘s books are everywhere.吉娜的书到处都是。

5. I don‘t know.我不知道。

6. take sb/sth to + 地点:把某人/某物带到某地。1) 把书带到学校

take sth to sb 把某物带给某人 2) 把书带给他

7. Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西到学校吗?

bring―带来,拿来‖表示从远处带到近处,从别的地方带到说话者的地方。

take ―带走,拿走‖表示从近处带到远处,从说话者的地方带到别的地方。

1) 请给我带块橡皮擦。

2)请把这些书带给你妹妹。

8. some和any(一些)

1) some一般用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句

①我需要一些笔记本。

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②我没有书。I don‘t have ( )books.

③Do you have ( )books? 你有一些书吗?

2) 在表示请求、建议、征求意见等委婉语气的疑问句中,用some而不用any。

①Can you bring some things to school? 你能带些东西到学校吗?

②Would you like ( ) apples? 你想要一些苹果吗?

9. on the wall与in the wall(在墙上)

图画、黑板、风筝等―在墙上‖,是因为它们在墙的表面,故用on the wall。

门窗、钉子、洞、孔等―在墙上‖,是因为它们在墙的里面,故用in the wall。

10.名词所有格

在英语中,当我们表达―我的‖―你的‖―他的‖时,用代词my, your, his等。如果要表示―某个(些)人的‖时,可以在某个(些)人后加‘s来表示所有关系,这种形式我们称为所有格。如Mike的父亲:Mike‘s father, 我妈妈的名字:my mother‘s name

△ 构成:1)单数名词加‘s. 2)以s结尾的复数名词加‘读音不变。如the teachers‘ room(老师们的房间)

△ 表共同所有,在最后一个名词后加―‘s‖。

Jim and Tom‘s吉姆和汤姆的母亲(共同所有)

△ 表各自所有,在每个名词后加―‘s‖

Jim‘s room and Tom‘s room are both big. 吉姆的房间和汤姆的房间都很大。(各自所有)

本快习题

一、用所给的词正确形式填空

1、My hat __________ ( be ) on the chair .

2、Her__________ ( baseball ) is on thefloor .

3、Where are my __________ ( video tape )?

4、Here is my __________ ( room ) .

5、Can you bring some _________ ( thing )to school .

6、Please take these __________( people ) to school .

7、Where ________( be ) the bags ?

8、They ________( be ) on the sofa .

二、句型转换

1、They are some computers . (否定句) They ______ ______ computers.

2、Those are some tables . (一般疑问句) ______ those ______ tables .

3、Where is her keys ? (假设在床上,回答) ______ is ______ the ______

4、Where are his books ? (假设在桌子下面,回答) ______ are ______ the ______

5、My notebooks are on the table .(提问) ______ ______ ______ notebooks ?

6、Are these your watches ? (假设是,回答) ______________

三、选择

1、Please _____ that picture to me . A. take B. bring

2、Please _____the CD to your mother . A .take B. bring

3、Are those _____ plants ? A.any B. some C. a D .an

4、----Where is the computer? ---- _____ are under the table .

A . the computers B . they C .it D . he

5、----Where are those people ? ----_____ are in the room .

A. those people B. they C. it D. she Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball?

1. Do you have......? Yes, I do. No, I don‘t..

你有……吗? 是的,我有。 不,我没有。

Do they have......? Yes, they do. No, they don‘t..

Does he have......? Yes, he does. No, he doesn‘t.

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Does she have......? Yes, she does. No, she doesn‘t.

在一般现在时中,句子的谓语动词若是实义动词,常借助助动词do或does来构成否定句或疑问句。Does用于主语是第三人称单数的句子中,其他情况用do。

2. do/does

1)作助动词,帮助构成一般现在时的否定句或疑问句,无意义。

Do you have a soccer ball? 你有足球吗? I don‘t know. 我不知道。

Does Jim have a sister? 吉姆有妹妹吗? What does he like? 他喜欢什么?

He doesn‘t like English. 他不喜欢英语。

2) 作实义动词,―做,干‖。

I do my homework every day. 我每天都做家庭作业。

Bob does his homework every day. 鲍勃每天都做家庭作业。

3) 在一般现在时中,do/does 可用来替代上文出现过的动词,以避免重复。

Do you have a soccer ball? 你有足球吗?Yes, I do. 是的,我有。(do 代have)

Does she have an eraser? Yes, she does.

I don‘t have a soccer ball, but my brother Alan does.

我没有足球,但我的哥哥艾伦有。

3. Let‘s do sth. ―(让)我们做某事吧。‖表示建议。(let‘s = let us)

肯定回答一般用That sounds good.(那听起来很好)/OK.好的 / All right.好的 / Great.好极了/ Good idea. 好主意 否定回答一般用sorry, I...

1) 让我们上学去吧。好的。 2)我们打乒乓球吧。对不起,我有许多家庭作业要做。

4. let sb. do sth. 让某人作某事

1)让他踢足球。 2)让海伦回家吧

5. We‘re late! 我们迟到了!be late for…. ??迟到 Don‘t be late for school.不要上学迟到。

6. play + 球类名词:打/踢……球(注意:球类运动不用冠词) play ping-pong/basketball/volleyball/tennis/soccer

7. sound

1)连系动词,―听起来‖,后接形容词作表语。 That story sounds very interesting.那故事听起来很有趣。

2)名词―声音‖(泛指自然界中的各种声音)。The sound is too loud.声音太大了。

8. We play it at school with our friends.我们和我们的朋友在学校踢。

1)at school 在学校 2)with “和;与;跟??在一起”

9. It‘s easy for me.这对我来说挺容易的。It‘s +形容词+fou sb.+to do sth.

10. sports club 体育俱乐部 Sport―运动‖,修饰名词时,总是用复数形式。sports meeting运动会sports shoes运动鞋

11. play/do sports做运动 12.watch TV看电视

13.on TV/on the radio/on the computer/on the phone 在电视上/在收音机上/在电脑上/在电话上 电子产品上用介词

on。

14.every day 每天 She plays sports every day. 她每天都做运动。

everyday日常的 everyday English 日常英语

15.after class 下课后 after school 放学后

16. 辨析interesting与interested

1) interesting可作表语,指某人/事/物本身有趣;也可作定语修饰人或物

① The book is interesting. 这书很有趣。 (作表语) ②I have an interesting book.我有本有趣的书。(作定语)

2) interested用于be/get/become interested in…(对……感兴趣)这一结构中。

He is interested in playing football.他对踢足球感兴趣。

17.时态概说

在英语中,不同时间发生的动作或存在的状态,要用不同的动词形式来表示,这种表示动作发生时间的各种动词形式称为时态。

今年我14 岁。 去年我13 岁。

他每天都踢足球。 昨天他踢足球了。

时态包括两方面的因素,一为―时‖即时间,一为―态‖即方式。从时间上看,英语时态有现在、过去、将来、过去将

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来之分;从方式上看,每一时间内的动作表现方式又有一般、进行、完成、完成进行之别。动词表示的动作可以发生于四种不同的时间,表现出四种不同的方式,每一种―时间---方式‖构成一种时态,因此英语中共有16 种时态。

18.一般现在时

一般现在时表示现在的状态,如:He is 12. She is at home. 表示经常的或习惯性的动作,如:I go to school at 7:30 every day. 表示主语具备的性格和能力等,如:She likes apples. They know English.

1)动词be

2)动词do

当主语是第三人称单数时,动词形式变化即三单 名次变复数 规则 相同

本块习题:用所给词的正确形式填空

1、I _______ ( have ) a soccer ball .

2、She ______ ( have ) two __________ ( pingpong—ball ) .

3、He ______ ( play ) sports every day .

4、We ______ ( speak ) English .

5、Tom ______ ( call ) Jim every day .

6、My daughter ______ ( like ) apples .

7、His ______ ( friend ) knows English .

8、The girl ______ ( study ) English sometimes .

9、The _______ ( boy ) often watch TV .

10、Her uncle ______ ( go ) home on foot 。

本块练习题 把下列肯定句变成否定句、一般疑问句,并作简略回答。

1、 They like computers .

否:They ______ ______ computers .

疑:______they______ computers ? ___________- ___________

2、 He has a sports club .

否: He ______ ______ a sports club .

疑:______he_____ a sports club ? ____________ ___________

3、 We watch TV sometimes .

否:We ______ ______ TV sometimes .

疑:_____ _____ _____ TV sometimes ? ____________ ___________

4、Tom often plays computers .

否:Tom ______ often______computer games .

疑:_____ Tom often _____ computer games ? ____________ ___________

4、 She has some basketballs .

否:She _____ ______ _____ basketballs .

疑:_____ she _____ _____ basketballs ? ____________ ___________

6、I enjoy playing sports every day .

否:I ______ ______ playing sports every day .

疑:______ ______ ______ playing sports every day ? ____________ ___________

7、. My daughter calls me sometimes .

否:My daughter ______ ______ me sometimes .

疑:_____ _____ daughter _____ me sometimes ? ____________ ___________

8、The girl speaks English and Chinese .

否:The girl ______ ______ English_____ Chinese .

疑:_____ the girl _____ English _____ Chinese ? ____________ ___________

Unit 6 Do you like bananas? - 10 -

1. like 喜欢 同义词 love

1)like sb. / sth.喜欢某人/某物 2) like to do sth.喜欢/想要做某事(表一次性或特指的某一具体的动作)

3) like doing sth喜欢做某事(表习惯性的动作或爱好)

①我喜欢每天打篮球。I like playing basketball every day.

②今天很冷,我喜欢呆在家里。Today is cold, I like to stay at home. 你喜欢香蕉吗。 可数名词可用复数表示一类人或事物

3. 名词的分类及表达

不可数名词:表示的事物,其数量不可以数清或者难以数清。不可数名词用法上有两大特点: 没有复数形式; 不

能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰。

可数名词:表示的事物,其数量可以数清。可数名词用法上的特点:有单数、复数两种形式; 能用不定冠词 a / an 、基数词、many 修饰

4. good / well

1) good adj ―好的‖,常用来修饰名词。a good student一位好学生

2)well ①adv. ―好‖常用来修饰动词,放在动词之后。He learns English well.他英语学得好。也可作为adj ―好的‖,―健

康的‖(指身体好)He doesn‘t feel well.他感觉不舒服。

5. 许多1) lots of = a lot of 修饰可数或不可数名词。lots of / a lot of bananas lots of / a lot of water

2)many修饰可数名词 many boys many bananas3)much修饰不可数名词 much water much broccoli

6. think about 思考;考虑 about为介词 +V。ing

7. Sports star 体育明星 sport作修饰语时通常用复数形式。如:sports meeting 运动会sports shoes 运动鞋

8. ask sb about sth .询问某人关于某事 He asked me about the meeting.他问我关于运动会的一些情况。

ask sbto do sth . 要求某人做某事。

9. What do you like for breakfast? 你早餐喜欢(吃)什么?

10. For breakfast, she likes eggs, bananas, and apples.= She likes eggs, bananas, and apples for breakfast.她早餐喜欢吃鸡蛋,香蕉和苹果。

sb like ....for + 某餐 = For + 某餐,sb. like....(某人某餐喜欢吃什么)

11. one last question 最后一个问题

12. I don‘t want to be fat. 我不想变胖。

want to be… “想要成为??;想要变得??”,动词be后接形容词或名词。

Do you want to be a teacher? 你想成为一名老师吗?

I don‘t want to be old! 我可不想变老!

一、按要求完成下列句子

1. His sister has a white and black TV in her room. (改为否定句)

His sister _______ ________ a white and black TV in her room.

2. Kate has a baseball. (改为一般疑问句) _______ Kate ________ a baseball?

3. I have some baseball bats?(改为一般疑问句,并作肯定回答) ,

4. He has a soccer ball. (改为复数句) _________ ________ soccer ________.

5他仅仅在电视上看他们。 He __________ ____________ _____________ on TV.

七、用所给词的适当形式填空

1. Let your brother ________(play) computer games.

2. David ________(have) an English book.

3. look! His father has seven _________(ball).

4. They have four ___________(sport club俱乐部).

5. My brother _________( not) take these things to your sister.

6. ---Does he like ________(play) computer games? ---No, he _______(not).

7. ----Where _______(be) your ping-pong bats? ---I _______(not) know.

8. ---________he ________(have) a computer game? ---Yes, he _______(do).

9. Let _______(we) play sports.

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Unit 7 How much are these socks?

1. 询问价格

1) How much is + 单数商品? How much are + 复数商品?

It‘s + 钱 They‘re + 钱

①这件红色的裙子多少钱?100元。 ②这条蓝裤子多少钱?30美元.

2)What‘s the price of + 商品?

①这件红色的裙子多少钱?100元。②这条蓝裤子多少钱?30美元.

2. how many/how much

询问数量how many + 可数名词,how much + 不可数名词

1)你有多少苹果?How many apples do you have? 2)你想要多少水?How much water do you want?

3. socks袜子, shoes鞋, pants裤子,trousers裤子等都是成双成对的物品,一般以复数形式出现,作主语时谓语动词用复数形式。但它们和a pair of (一双、一副或一对)连用作主语时,谓语动词要与pair在数上一致。 Tom‘s. 这条裤子是汤姆的。 Tom‘s. 这条裤子是汤姆的。

4. 英美等西方国家的货币单位像dollar(美元)、cent(美分)、pound(英镑)、penny(便士)、shilling(先令)等有单复数变化。我国的货币单位元(yuan)、角(jiao)、分(fen)单复数一样。

△表示货币等度量衡单位的词在句中作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。

100美元对他来说是相当多的钱。

5. Can I help you? 我能帮助你吗?

此句是主动提供帮助时的服务用语。它的翻译随着场所的不同而不同。在饭店:你想吃点什么?在商店:你想买点什么? 肯定回答:Yes, please. … 否定回答:No, thanks. (…)

与Can I help you?同义的常用表达还有:What can I do for you?/ May I help you?/Is there anything I can do for you?

6. want sth 想要某物 1)我想要个苹果。 want to do sth. 想要做某事 2)他想打篮球 want sb. to do sth. 想要某人做某事 3)我想要他帮助我7. Here you are.给你。

8. It looks nice.它看起来很漂亮。Look“看起来;看上去”,连系动词,后接形容词作表语。

9. I‘ll take it.我买了。

10.Come and buy your clothes at our great sale! 我们在大甩卖,快来买衣服!

1)come and do sth 来做某事 Come and see us. 来拜访 / 看看我们吧。

Please come and have dinner with us. 请来跟我们吃顿饭吧。

2)on sale 出售;廉价出售 for sale待售

11.We sell all our clothes at very good prices.我们卖的所有服装价格都很优惠。

at very good prices 以合理/优惠的价格

12. buy sb. sth. = buy sth. for sb.给某人买某物

buy my mother a sweater = buy a sweater for my mother给我妈妈买了件毛衣

△sth若是代词,只能用buy sth. for sb. buy it for him

一、选择填空 1. How much is the pencil bag? It’s eight_______ A dollar B dollars C yuans

2.I don’t like the blue shirt. I like the ______ one. A red B old C big

3.I have fifty dollars. I can _____ a volleyball. A sell B buy C like

4. We have white shirts______ only$15. A on B in C for

5._______ is the red sweater? It’s 22 dollars. A How much B How many C How old

6. I need a bag _____ sports. let’s go and buy one. A to B on C for

7. The price of the shoes ______$21. A are B is C does

8. I want ________shopping. A to go B go C to go to

9.How about Nancy’s new________? They are very nice. A volleyball B jacket C trousers - 12 -

10.We have beautiful shirts _____ girls ______ very good prices. A for; for B for; at C on; at

11. This pair of shoes is too big. I need a small_______. –OK A it B one C pair

12.What color ____ you like? – White. A do B are C does

13.The blue shirt _____ $25 and the green shoes_______$20. A has; have B is;are C is; have

14.How much is the book? -_______ A Yes, it‘s five dollars. B No, seven dollars C It‘s five dollars.

15.-___________ Yes, please. I need two pairs of socks. A What do you want? B How are you? C Can I help you?

二、用所给单词的正确形式填空。

1.You can ______(buy) the trousers for only twenty dollars.

2. How much are ______(this) black socks?

3. I don‘t want to go shopping. I don‘t have ________(many) money.

4.My mother _______(not like) watching TV.

5. Sally and Sam like eating _____(tomato) very much.

Unit 8 When is your birthday?

1. months: 月份:

January 一月 February二月 March三月 April四月 May五月 June六月 July七月 August八月 September九月 October十月 November十一月 December十二月

2. 基数词变序数词口诀:

基变序,有规律,尾部要加-th。

一、二、三,特殊记,结尾字母t, d, d (one----first, two---second, three---third)

八去t,九去e,ve要用f替 (eight—eighth, nine—ninth, five—fifth, twelve—twelfth)

y要改为ie (twenty—twentieth, thirty—thirtieth)

若是碰上几十几,只变个位就可以 (twenty-one---twenty-first, thirty-four—thirty-fourth)

3.英语日期的表示法

英语中月份和星期名称都是专有名词,它们的首字母必须大写,并且前面无需用冠词。

用英语表示日期,其顺序为月+日+年,日和年之间需用逗号隔开,日期要用序数词。

如:August 2nd,2003(20xx年8月2日)。

4. Happy birthday! 生日快乐!date of birth(出生日期)= birthday

5. 问年龄用how old +be + 主语?答:主语 + be + 基数词(years old)

1) How old are you? I‘m fifteen(years old) 你多大了?我15岁。

2) How old is the baby? He is 10 months old.这个婴儿多大了?他10个月大。

6. When is your birthday? 你的生日是什么时候?

7. at / on / in 表时间―在……‖

1)at 通常表在某个点时间。at 8:00 在8:00 at 9:25 在9:25

2) on通常表在某一天或某一天的上/下午、晚上。

on September 1st 在9月1日 on a cold morning 在一个寒冷的上午

3)in表在某一周/月/季节/年/世纪等。

in 1979 在19xx年 in September 在9月份 in spring在春天

8. see you./ Goodbye / Bye/ Bye-bye再见see you later回头见;过一会儿见。

see you tomorrow/next week. 明天见 / 下周见see you then. 到时见。

9. have a good time = enjoy oneself(oneself要随主语的变化而变化) = have fun

They are having a good time. = They are enjoying themselves.= They are having fun. 他们正玩得高兴。

一.选择填空(25分)

( )1.---Happy birthday! ---__________________

A.The same to you. B.Thank you. C.It‘s very nice of you. D.That‘s OK.

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( )2.We usually have a class meeting _________4:30 _________Friday.

A. at,at B.on ,on C.in,on D.at ,on

( )3.Peter likes playing___________football very much,but he doesn‘t like _____________football I bought

for him on his birthday.

A.the ,the B./ ,/ C.the, / D./ the

( )4.---Thank you for your birthday present.It‘s so nice. ---___________.

A.No,thanks. B.I‘m glad you like it. C.Please don‘t say so. D.No, it isn‘t so good.

( )5.---My parents were both born ______ December 1970. What about yours?

----My father was born_____ July 28th, 1969. My mother was born ______an evening of 1971 A. in, on ,on B. in ,in, on C.in, on , in D. on, on, on

二、句型转换

1. I was born on September 11th. (就划线部分提问)________________________________________________

2. I‘m fourteen years old. (就划线部分提问)________________________________________________

3. We have an Art Festival each year. (变成一般疑问句)________________________________________________

4. She likes basketball game. (变成否定句)________________________________________________

5. Lillian and Betty‘s birthday is in August. (变成同义句)___________ birthday is in August. 

6. Is Teachers‘ Day in October? (作出完整回答)________________________________________________

7. When is your birthday?(根据自己的情况回答)________________________________________________

Unit 9 My favorite subject is science.

1. What‘s =What subject do you like best?

= I like math best. Favorite前用形容词性物主代词或名词所

有格

1)What‘s your favorite....? = What....do you like best? My favorite.... is …. = I like .... best.

你为什么喜欢数学? it‘s interesting. 因为它很有趣。

3. How‘s your day? 今天过得如何? It‘s OK.还行。 Great! 棒极了!

4. have + 学科:上某一学科的课。 have English 上英语课 have a class / lesson 上课

have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早饭 / 中饭/ 晚饭 have a soccer game 举行足球比赛 have a party 举行聚会

5. That‘s for sure.的确如此。

6. be busy with sth / be busy doing sth 忙于做某事 He is busy writing a letter. 他在忙着写信

I‘m busy with my homework = I‘m busy doing homework 我在忙着做家庭作业。

7. interesting / funny

Interesting“有意思的;有吸引力的”,指引起理性的或智慧的兴趣。

Funny“逗乐的;有趣的;使人快乐的”,强调―滑稽可笑的‖

English is interesting.英语很有趣。 This is a funny movie.这是一部搞笑的影片。

8. from … to … “从??到??”,用来表述时间、地点等范围。

from Monday to Friday 从周一到周五 from Beijing to Shanghai 从北京到上海

选择填空

1.I like art because it’s __________.

A. difficult B. not good C. boring D. relaxing

2. I have P.E. ______history _____ Monday.

A. and ,on B. and ,at C. or, on D. or ,in

3. ______ comes after Friday.

A. Sunday B. Monday C. Tuesday D. Saturday

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4. --What’s your favorite subject ?

--___________

A It’s a music B. It’s music C. A music D. They’re music

5. I like music .It’s ________

A.relaxed B. relaxing C. boring D. busy

6. Look! He is in a new sweater. How ___he is!

A. free B. difficult C. cool D.easy

7. I like science , _______ it’s difficult .

A. and B. or C. but D. because

8. We have history ____ Monday and Thursday .

A.on B. in C. at D. /

9. –do you have art ?

--- On Wednesday.

A. What B. When C. Where D. How

10. They play basketball ______ two hours every day.

A. on B. from C. in D. for

11. I’m tired(累的) ______happy .

A. and B. with C. or D. but

12.Math is difficult__________ boring for me.

A. and B. with C. or D. but

13.Jim likes to play football _____ his friends on Sundays.

A.with B. for C. of D. to

14.My father often finishes ______ breakfast at 7:30 a.m. every morning.

15.Mary’s favorite _______is Friday.

A. month B. day C. subject D. time

16. – ______ does he like science ? –Because it’s interesting.

A. What B. Why C. When D. Where

17.—When do you have your English lessons ?—On_______.

A. the morning B. the Friday morning

C.Friday morning D.the morning Friday

18. I’m_______ you are right .

A. sure B. good C. think D. know

19. I think science is really ________ .I don’t like it .

A. difficult B. interesting C. exciting D. funny

补充:

1. be strict with sb. 对某人要求严格 be strict in sth. 对某事(在某方面)要求严格

2. play with....和……一起玩

3. look, see, watch, read

1)look为不及物动词,指看的过程,不一定看见。后接宾语须加at。

2)see 用作及物动词。后面直接接宾语。―看见,看到‖强调看的结果。―看医生‖―看电影‖常用这个词。 ①He looks at the blackboard, but can‘t see the words.他看了看黑板,但看不见这个词。

②see the doctor看医生 ③see a film/movie看电影

3)watch为及物动词。―观看,注视‖指非常仔细全神贯注地看。―看电视‖―看比赛‖习惯用这个词。 ①watch TV看电视 ②watch the football game看足球比赛

4)read本义为―读,朗读‖,―看书,看报,看杂志‖常用这个词

read a book看书 read the e-mail 读这封电子邮件

4. on weekends在周末

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5. play the guitar 弹吉他 play erhu拉二胡 play chess 下国际象棋 play soccer 踢足球

1)演奏某种乐器,乐器名词前要用the(汉语拼音组成的名词除外)

2)球类/棋类运动,名词前不用冠词

6. join / take part in 参加

join多指参加某个团体或组织,成为其中的一员。take part in多指参加某项活动,并在其中起一定的作用。 join the Party入党 join the army参军

take part in the meeting参加会议

join in(参加某项活动) = take part in join sb.加入到某人当中 join us加入到我们当中

7. 辨析speak,say, talk, tell

1) speak―说‖,―讲话‖。能接某种语言作宾语:speak + 语言 ―说某种语言‖。

2)say―说‖,后面跟说的内容。 say hello to sb.向某人问好say sorry to sb.向某人道歉 say it in English用英语说(它)

3)talk―谈论,交谈‖。

4) tell―告诉,讲述‖。① tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb. 告诉某人某事 ② tell sb. about sth.告诉某人关于某事 ③ tell sb. to do sth.告诉某人去做某事 tell sb. not to do sth. 告诉某人不要做某事

④ tell story 讲故事 tell a lie 撒谎 tell the truth讲实话

8. be good to sb对某人好 My teacher is good to me.

be good for....对…… 有益 Learning English well is good for us.

be good at....擅长…… Lucy is good at English.

9. help

1) n. 帮助 Thanks for your help.谢谢你的帮助。

2) v. 帮助 ①help with sth. 帮着做某事 Please help with my homework.

②help sb. with sth.帮助某人(做)某事 Could you help me with my English?

③help sb.(to) do sth.帮助某人做某事Could you help me (to) learn English?

10.选择疑问句:用or 连接的可供选择的疑问句。回答选择疑问句不能用yes 和no ,选择什么答什么。读选择疑问句时,or前用升调,or后用降调。若选择疑问句中有三个火三个以上并列部分,or用来连接最后一部分,前面并列部分用逗号隔开。

Can you play the piano, the trumpet, the drums, or the guitar? I can play the piano.

你会弹钢琴、吹喇叭、打鼓、还是弹吉他? 我会弹钢琴。

Which is the smallest, the sun, the moon or the earth? 哪一个是最小的,太阳,月亮还是地球?

11. 辨析little, a little, few, a few

1) little, a little修饰不可数名词;few, a few修饰可数名词。

2) little, few表否定含义―几乎没有‖,a little, a few表肯定含义―一点儿,少量‖

There is_________water in the cup. 杯子里有点水。 I know________English. 我几乎不懂英语。 There are________apples on the table. 桌子上有几个苹果。 The stone is too heavy,________people can move it.

12. Can you think what his job is? 你能想出他是做什么工作的吗?

what his job is是think的宾语,因它也是一个句子,故称宾语从句。

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