《了不起的盖茨比》中盖茨比的自卑情结分析

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145

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161 英语词汇学习存在的问题及对策研究

162 从违反合作原则看电影语言的会话含义——以《最后的武士》为例 163 英汉双语词典中的语用信息

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165 中英文化背景下的金融英语翻译分析

166 对莎士比亚悲剧《李尔王》的评析

167 从合作原则和礼貌原则的角度分析赵丽蓉的小品

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171 新闻英语模糊语的语用功能分析

172 中美基础教育对比研究

173 商务英语中缩略语的翻译策略

174 唯美主义与心理失衡的关系——以《道连葛雷的画像》中人物分析为例

175 《飞屋环游记》的人物设置特色分析

176 道德与归属地的一致性--《曼斯菲尔德庄园》空间维度分析

177 浅析中美电影中英雄主义的异同--以《功夫熊猫》和《霍元甲》为例

178 从生态批评理论的角度分析《鲁滨逊漂流记》

179 嘉莉妹妹在通向成功道路上的挣扎

180 中式英语特点及发展趋势

181 论促销在市场经济中的重要性

182 A Lonely but Strong-willed Soul A Character Analysis of Ellen Weatherall in The Jilting of Granny Weatherall

183 从电影《三傻大闹宝莱坞》看印度的社会问题

184 An Interpretation of A Tale of Two Cities from the Perspective of Symbolism

185 论《看不见的人》的主人公的心理成长历程

186 中美幸福观比较:以影片《在云端》为例

187 William Wordsworth’s Romantic Nature in Daffodils

188 英汉动物习语的文化差异及其翻译策略

189 蕾秋?乔伊斯《一个人的朝圣》成长小说的分析

190 中英习语文化异同及其翻译

191 化妆品商标的文化内涵与翻译

192 论《儿子与情人》中的恋母情结

193 关联理论视角下唐诗的翻译

194 中英姓名的文化内涵

195 论伊恩?麦克尤恩《赎罪》中的原罪和救赎

196 论中国古典诗歌意象和意境英译——基于萨皮尔-沃夫假说

197 从《所罗门之歌》中主人公的心路历程看美国黑人成长

198 道林格雷——《道林格雷的画像》中华丽外表下的丑恶心灵

199 论《红字》中的孤独感

200 英语语义歧义分析及其语用价值

 

第二篇:了不起的盖茨比--性格对命运的分析

An Analysis of the Impact of Character

on Gatsby’s Tragedy

in The Great Gatsby

学 院:外国语学院

班 级:2009级 英语4班

指导教师:王 欢

姓 名:于 亮

Abstract

The Great Gatsby is one of the greatest novels in modern American literature. It is a highly symbolic meditation on the disintegration of the American Dream in an era of unprecedented prosperity and material excess. On the other hand, Fitzgerald shows a running theme of how the American Dream affects all of the characters in The Great Gatsby. He also uses the distinctive writing style to introduce the major characters. On the other hand, according to Fitzgerald’s personality and experience, the 3 male characters are generally considered being written autobiographically reflecting the different sides of the author’s characters, which attracts readers to some extent.

Key words: American Dream,The Great Gatsby,Fitzgerald

摘要 《了不起的盖茨比》是美国现代文学史上最优秀的作品之一。它反思了一个空前繁荣、物质过剩时代的美国梦的破灭,展现了美国梦对人们日常生活的消极影响。尽管他们对自己的生活都充满了雄伟的抱负,但变质了的美国梦却粉碎了他们的梦想。此外,菲茨杰拉德还运用独特的手法描述了主要人物。通过对三个男性人物与菲茨杰拉德的对照可以看出:作者从某种程度上是在讲述自己的经历。这也是小说之所以成功的魅力所在。 关键字:美国梦,《了不起的盖茨比》,菲茨杰拉德

Contents

Abstract in English……………………………………………………………………i Abstract in Chinese………………………………………………………………….iii I. Introduction……….………………………………………………………..………1

A. A Brief Introduction to Fitzgerald……………………...………………..1

B. A Brief Introduction to Gatsby………….………………………………..1

C. Literature Review…………………………………………………………1

Ⅱ. An Analysis of the Process of Tragedy of Gatsby……………..………………..2

A. Gatsby’s American’s Dream………………………..……………….…...2

B. Gatsby’s Character………………..……………………………………..2

Ⅲ. The Relationship between Gatsby and Daisy………..........................................3 Ⅳ.The Relationship between Gatsby and Fitzgerald………………..…………….4 V. Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………6

Works Cited……………………………………………………………...…………...7

I. Introduction

A. A Brief Introduction to Fitzgerald

Francis Scott Fitzgerald (1896-1940), one of the greatest authors in the 20th century in the US. They were called the lost generation, and the signal of the roaring 20s. His writings have the exact feature of the lost generation, describing the young generation’s failure of pursuing their America’s dream. In 1925, his masterpiece The Great Gatsby was published, marking his special status in the history of literature. The Great Gatsby describes the disillusioned America’s dream. The novel censures the upper class, shows compassion for Gatsby, and express that his tragedy was because of his perfect delusion and unawareness of the upper class. In December 1940, he passed away, aging 44.

Fitzgerald is a famous American modern writer and is called “spokesman in the Jazz Age”. And his greatness lies in the fact that he found intuitively in his personal expierence the embodiment of the nation and created a myth out of American life. Some articles about The Great Gatsby have been published, such as On Nick Carraway’s Dual Roles in The Great Gatsby(Dong yongxin, journal of Sichuan International Studies University, 2001), Another Fitzgerald(Xie Jiashun, Journal of Tangshan Polytechnic College, Vol.13, 2000). T.S.Elliot concluded that it was “the first step that American fiction has taken since Henry James.”(Letter to Scott Fitzgerald. New York: New York Press, 1925)

B. A Brief Introduction to Gatsby

In the 20s of 20th century in the US, the air is filled with frolic. Accidently, the deprived employee Nick gets into knowing the secret world of Gatsby. To Nick’s surprise, the secret in Gatsby’s mind is the girl on the other side of the river, named Daisy. However, cruel reality fails his fragile dream, and the goddess in his eyes is barely an ordinary money-pursuing woman. This novel adopts impressionism, which is significant in his status in the history of literature.

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C. Literature Review

During the time when this novel was written, the World War I just ended(1918), and the Great Depression(1929) had not come. The traditional morality had been shattered, and hedonism took control of people’s mind. It’s a generation which by Fitzgerald was called “a miracle generation, an art generation, a money generation, and also a irony generation. Under his writing, the young people of the upper class were the permanent characters, who could not reject the lure of money. His novels are often filled with the dreams of young people, because those are the traits of the generation. In the meantime, his novels are also filled with emotion failure, because that is the fate of the people at that time.

Ⅱ. An Analysis of the Process of Tragedy of Gatsby

A. Gatsby’s American’s Dream

The Great Gatsby is a novel that illustrates the society in the 1920s and the associated values and dreams can be summed up to be what is termed the American Dream: a dream of money, wealth, prosperity and the happiness that supposedly came with the booming economy and getting-rich schemes that formed the essential underworld of American upper class society. Fitzgerald illustrates the American Dream and the carelessness of a society that floats in the wake of this dream. According to the character’s respective expectation, it can be seen that the American Dream is not confined to one social class or type of person, but to the whole nation, everyone.

B. Gatsby’s Character

In the novel, Gatsby reveals himself to be an innocent, hopeful young man who stakes everything on his dream, not realizing that his dream is unworthy of him. To Gatsby, his dream I of spiritual reunion with Daisy, but his prior dream is wealth. He thinks that wealth can solve all his problems: time, Daisy, and love. In the novel, Gatsby uses the most lavish party, sumptuous mansion, and gorgeous machine to impress Daisy. And the green light, situated at the end of Daisy’s East Egg dock,

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represents Gatsby’s hopes and dreams for the future. Gatsby associates it with Daisy.

However, Gatsby’s dream is predetermined to fail. On the one hand, he acquires immense wealth through criminal activities, for instance, bootlegging. This is the opposite idea of the American Dream, which states that only the good, virtuous and hard working are rewarded. On the other hand, he held an unrealistic view of life and how he could recreate the past. His dreams has distorted in the reality, when his rationality realizes that the image of life and of Daisy does not coincide with the real life version. The devastating end of his dream is the finish of The Great Gatsby. Just as Fitzgerald sees the American dream crumbling in the 1920s, American powerful optimism, vitality, and individualism become subordinated to the amoral pursuit of wealth.

Ⅲ. The Relationship between Gatsby and Daisy

In Gatsby’s eyes, Daisy is his American Dream. Gatsby has made Daisy a symbol of everything he values. In order to be reunited with Daisy, he holds the lavish weekly party to draw Daisy’s attention and gets help from Nick. Chapter 5 is the pivotal chapter of The Great Gatsby, as Gatsby’s reunion with Daisy is the hinge on which the novel swings. Gatsby’s character throughout his meeting with Daisy is the purest and most revealing, so is Daisy.

Gatsby’s love for Gatsby is loyal, however, Daisy’s love to Gatsby is still doubtful. Gatsby blinds himself to realizing that Daisy would never desert her own class background to be with him. In Chapter 7, Gatsby’s obsession with recovering in a blissful past compels him to order Daisy to tell Tom that she has never loved him. He needs to know that she has always loved him, that she has always been emotionally loyal to him. But he is defeated, and his dream has been broken totally. Daisy finally chooses Tom.

And, sympathetically, Gatsby decides to revenge Daisy in order to demonstrate the deep love. But ,as Nick writes, Gatsby must have already realized that “what a grotesque thing a rose is.” Though the rose has been a conventional symbol of beauty throughout centuries of poetry, Nick suggests that roses are not inherently beautiful,

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and that people only view them that way because they choose to do so. Daisy is grotesque in the same way: Gatsby has invented her with beauty and meaning by making her the object of his dream. Had Gatsby not imbued her with such value, Daisy would be simply an idle, bored, rich young woman with no particular moral strength or loyalty.

Ⅳ.The Relationship between Gatsby and Fitzgerald

In the novel, Jay Gatsby is the epitome of the self made man, in which he dedicates his life to climbing the social ladder in order to gain wealth, to ultimately win the love of a woman. As it turns out, Gatsby’s excessive extravagance and love of money, together with his obsession for a woman’s love, are actually the autobiographical portrayal of Fitzgerald.

When Gatsby, like Fitzgerald, is training to be an officer to join in the World War I, he falls in love with a beautiful girl, Daisy. However, he is very surprised to realize, despite her sexual responsiveness, that Daisy will not marry him before he had achieved financial success. To Fitzgerald, this is the same reason that Zelda rejected him before he became an extremely wealthy man. Both Gatsby and Fitzgerald are fascinated by money and power, and impressed by glamour and beauty. However, they both know that they can never fully belong to this prosperous and secure world, and that the goal of joining this careless class was an illusion. They still try their best to achieve the goal and have the same experience to earn money although they use the different ways to succeed. After acquiring the success, Fitzgerald found himself in an era of unrestrained materialism with the tone of society as well as Gatsby, particularly in the large cities of the East. But, gradually, Fitzgerald was aware of that wealth destroyed his life, rather than helped him achieve the dream. He died from the irregular life and the alcoholism. So does Gatsby. After a long time waiting, Gatsby is killed by George’s gun.

Gatsby becomes love-stricken. He devotes his entire life to winning the elusive love, despite realizing at the end that reaching his goal was unachievable. Fitzgerald had the same dream as Gatsby, and also yearned to join the ranks of the upper class

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and accordingly obtain the love that had escaped him. Unfortunately, they have the hopelessness and despair outcome.

Obviously, Gatsby represents one part of Fitzgerald’s personality: the flashy celebrity who pursued and glorified wealth in order to impress the woman he loved. V. Conclusion

Although Jay Gatsby, Nick Carraway and Tom Buchanan, the major male characters in The Great Gatsby, have different backgrounds, experiences and endings, the metamorphic American dream has the same negative effect on them. The Great Gatsby shows the three characters’ dissatisfaction and disappointment to the current society. The American dream of happiness, vitality and individualism become subordinated to the amoral pursuit of wealth. However, Gatsby’s dream, especially, questions the idea of an American that nothing is impossible if one simply tries hard enough, while Tom’s dream is to pursue wealth only through prestige rather than hard working. Besides Daisy, the main heroine, is the impulse of the whole novel and an impetus to the development of the story. By means of her different relationships with the 3 male characters, the readers can realize the male characters’ contradictory characters completely. Gatsby is loyal but unrealistic, Nick is sober but emotional, and Tom is rude but gentle. Besides, Fitzgerald uses fiction to tell his own story——reflecting on the superior and brutal qualities of the rich and on the impossibility of becoming one of them. And, through the above analysis, it can be found that Gatsby shows Fitzgerald’s diligence and loyalty. Nick demonstrates Fitzgerald’s sober and reflective image. Tom illuminates Fitzgerald’s greed and degeneration. All of them stand for Fitzgerald in the different time and places. They are 3 different kinds of “Fitzgerald”.

Works Cited

[1] Anderson, W.R, The Fitzgerald Revival, 1940-1974[M]. Dissertation: University of South Carolina, 1974

[2] Alberto Lena. Deceitful Traces of Power: An Analysis of the Decadence of Tom Buchanan in The Great Gatsby[J]. Canadian Review of American Studies, 1998.

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[3] Bloom. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby[M]. New York: Chelsea, 1991.

[4] Bruccoli. New Essays on The Great Gatsby[M]. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1985.

[5]吴建国. 菲茨杰拉德研究[M]. 上海. 上海外语教育出版社, 2002

[6]常耀信. 美国文学简史[M]. 天津: 南开大学出版社,1997

[7]虞建华. 二十部美国小说名著评析[M]. 上海: 上海外语教学出版社,1989

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