模拟联合国——加拿大食品安全问题

First, a clear division of labor among government departments and work closely with management systems.

Canada food safety known world, many States chose to reference Canada food safety systems to improve their systems. So, Canada Government co-operation with provinces, municipalities, consumers and businesses are inseparable.

(A) the Ministry of public health, food inspection agency as the main body of the three-level management system

The State to adopt a federal system, the implementation of federal, provincial and municipal levels of administration. In the area of food safety management, classification management, cooperative, participatory model, the Federal, provincial and municipal authorities have the responsibility of managing food safety.

Major regulatory agencies at the federal level is the Ministry of health and Ministry of Agriculture Food Inspection Agency (the CFIA). Ministry of health is responsible for establishing all the safety and nutritional quality of food sold in the domestic standards, as well as food safety policies. CFIA is responsible for the

implementation of these regulations and standards, and to monitor the implementation of relevant regulations and standards. Provincial government food safety agencies to provide, within their own jurisdiction of small food companies in products sold in the local test. Municipal authorities are responsible for the management of finished food restaurants provide public health standards, and monitoring them.

Government requires farmers, fishers, food processors, importers, transporters and retailers based on standards, technical regulations and guidelines for the

production, processing, transport and business. Homes, restaurants and institutions cafeteria cooks according to guidelines provided by food retailers, processors and Government processed foods.

In the area of food safety management,CFIA staff tasks. Headquartered in

Ottawa, CFIA there were approximately 6500 employees, located at Headquarters and in the Atlantic region, Quebec region, Ontario region, and the West Canada has four regional 18 regional offices and22 laboratories, about 400 independent

Office. CFIA legions of front-line inspectors, veterinarians, and scientists, in addition to the inspection of meat, fish, eggs, milk, honey, fruit, vegetables and other processed foods, food safety inspection for animal slaughtering and processing enterprises, products, facilities that do not meet federal regulatory requirements,

methods of operation, take appropriate punitive measures, pursue legal

responsibilities.

In addition, the Department of Foreign Affairs and international trade, Canada Department of agriculture and agri-food, Department of natural resources, the

Department of fisheries and oceans, border inspection, Commission on institutions of higher learning and a variety of specialized health and CFIA collaboration of

departments, in dealing with the issues involve many ministries area of responsibility, active cooperation of various departments, providing technical support and professional advice to each other.

CFIA and the Canada Department of agriculture and agri-food the Supreme Administrative leader is the Vice-ministerial level, it is cooperation, not affiliation between the two institutions. Supreme executive leadership of both institutions are accountable to the Minister of agriculture and reports, and Agriculture Minister responsible to Parliament and report on work.

Also, the general public, actively participate in and cooperate with the relevant departments. In this regard, Canada consumer associations have set up "food safety education", and to provide consumers with information on how to avoid the mouth via the Internet and knowledge. Consumers can also use the Internet to consumers ' associations and other organizations and departments manage food safety issues.

(B) the external management and negotiation of mutual coordination and

cooperation mechanisms

Cooperation mechanism, the Canada Health and CFIA contact differentiated and focused on each other, usually in memorandum of foodborne disease outbreak management, as well as the development and entry into force of the agreement and other documents for cooperation basis. CFIA food safety regulations and standards developed for the Ministry of health, the establishment of international negotiating positions, providing professional advice and technical support while Canada Ministry of health, CFIA food regulations and standards to provide law enforcement and standard interpretation, develop and modify new laws at the same time, actively participate in international bilateral negotiations adequately reflect CFIA 's concerns and observations.

Final results of the cooperation between the two departments is seeking to

develop the most scientific, most operations of food regulations and standards, at the time of change of circumstances appropriate adjustments to these regulations and standards in a timely manner, while ensuring that such codes and standards in the

corresponding fields are fully and correctly implement to really achieve the objective of guaranteeing food safety, safeguard the interests of consumers.

You can see from its institutional setting, the departments responsible for policy formulation and policy implementation is separate, so that will help ensure the technical integrity and impartiality of the policy as well as supervision over the implementation of the policy.

In addition, the CFIA is also involved in the management of imported goods, is Canada part of the institutions responsible for public security and border security management. Canada border services Agency (hereinafter CBSA) to manage all the people and things entering the, food imports,CBSA and CFIA Division of labor management. Food imports,CBSA in accordance with the Division of labour can be sampled, nuclear, belonging to require CFIA audit and inspection, you post

information to CFIA, CFIA release after feedback instructions. On imported food from different countries, different levels of management, five will be checked before the General. For exported food, requires that any export must comply with the laws and regulations of the importing country, the formalities complete release, if Canada and other countries has a food inspection and certification agreement,CFIA to issue certificates to export food to prove that these products meet these requirements in the importing country.

Second, complete, detailed and actionable regulatory system

The food and Drug Act, responsibility for food, drugs, cosmetics and medical devices health and safety and the prevention of commercial fraud ( food inspection is responsible only for food)

The meat inspection Act sets out how to make the legal registration of the production units produce safe meat products should meet the standards and requirements , as well as to prevent fraud at the provincial level and identifies standards and be sold on the international market requirements.

The fish Inspection Act provides for fish and marine plant harvesting,

transporting and processing standards and requirements , include provincial and foreign trade import and export of fish and sea plants.

Canada agricultural products act on how to monitor the Federal registration of enterprise production of agricultural products ( such as dairy products, processed products ) sets out the basic principles , and to develop a provincial trade promotion and foreign trade import and export food safety and quality standards.

The consumer packaging and labelling Act, the prevention of packaged foods and certain non-food products in the packaging, labelling, sale, importation and advertising of commercial fraud (Food Inspection Department is responsible for the food portion only ) .

The plant protection act to prevent the import and spread of harmful diseases in plants, and how to control and eradicate disease, and plant certification provision had been made.

The fertilizers Act help ensure the fertilizer and supplemental products are safe and effective and to identify accurately.

Import and sale of the seeds Act seeds monitor seed quality, marking and registration provisions of the standard.

The feeds Act livestock feed manufacture, sales and imports.

The animal health and Quarantine Act to prevent the animal diseases into Canada and to prevent hazardous to human health or the State of animal husbandry economy spread of disease in the country.