It的几种特殊用法

（发布时间： 20xx-11-27 13:33:00 来自：英语周报）

[代词] It的几种特殊用法

It 何时可以指人

a．Jim is at the door．____wants to see you．

b．Someone is at the door．____must be Jim．

A．That，It B．It，He C．He，It D．who， He

此题应选C。第a句填代词he，是因为前面一句用了Jim这一身份和性别都很明确的名词；第b句填代词it，是因为前面一句用了someone这一指代不明

确的代词。

一般说来，在指代身份或性别明确的人时，通常要根据情况用代词he／she；

若是指代身份或性别不明的人，则用代词it：

I don't know who it is．我不知道那是谁。

A tall man stood up and shook hands with her．It was the general

manager．一个高个子站起来同她握了手，他是总经理。

Someone must have been here．But we have no idea who it was．一定

有人来过，但我们不知道是谁。

There was somebody standing in front of the shop， but I couldn't see

who it was．商店前站着一个人，但我没看清是谁。

A：Who has let out the secret？是谁泄漏了秘密？

B：It must be a big mouth．一定是个快嘴。

A：I hear a knock at the door．我听见有人在敲门。

B：It must be the postman．一定是邮递员来了。

A：Do you know who that is？你知道那个人是谁吗？

B：I suppose it is Mary's father．我想那是玛丽的父亲。

It 用法特例

I hate ____ when people ask me for money．

A．it B．that C．these D．them

此题应选A，这是it一种比较特殊的用法，虽然一般书上论述不多，但它却经常出现在各级各类考试中，比如19xx年的高考英语就有这样一道题：

I hate ____when people talk with their mouths full．

A．it B．that C．these D．them

此题答案为A。

适合于以上用法的动词不多，常见的主要有hate，like，当它们后面接有

when ／if从句时，从句前应有it：

I don' t like it when she tells me how to do things．我不喜欢她对

我做事指手划脚。

She won't like it if you arrive late．她不喜欢你迟到。

He hates it when people use her bike．他讨厌别人用她的自行车。

I hate it if you say such things in public．我讨厌你在大庭广众之下

说那样的事。

有时动词appreciate后接if从句，从句前也要用it：

I would appreciate it very much if you would help me with it．

如果你能帮助我做这事，我会十分感激。

I should much appreciate it if you would arrange this for us．

如果你能替我安排这事我将非常感激。

It在某些固定句式中的使用

Does ____ matter if he can't finish the job on time？

A．this B．that C．he D．it

此题选D。注意在以下句式中通常都用it作主语：

It looks as if he is very rich．他看起来好像很富有。

It seems that he is interested in music．他似乎对音乐有兴趣。

It appears as if they have lost interest．看来他们已失去了兴趣。

It happened that he was there with us．碰巧他当时和我们在一起。

It matters little if I miss my bus．即使我没搭上公共汽车也没什么大

不了的。

顺便说一下It doesn't matter．的有关用法：

1．It doesn't matter．单独使用(即其后不接词)时，也可说成That doesn't

matter．其意为"没关系"(主要用来回答道歉和表示某事不是很重要)：

A：Would you go there with me？你愿和我一起去吗？

B：I'd like to，but I have to post these letters．我很愿意去，但我

要去寄这些信。

A：That /It doesn't matter．没关系。

2．It doesn't matter．若不是单独使用，而是在其后跟有从句，则句首的

it便不能改为that：

It doesn't matter to me whether she is pleased or not．她是否满意

对我而言并不重要。

 

第二篇：It的用法

It的用法：

1.it代替无生命的物体或代替动物

2.句中出现了baby，无论男女，人称代词一律用it

3.在电话用语、敲门用语、对话中，若双方都知道对方是谁，无论男女，人称代词用it

4.指时间、季节，人称代词用it

5.指距离时用于：How far is it from + 地点 + to + 地点“从某地到某地有多远”，回答用：It’s + 基数词 + kilometers

6.指天气时特殊问句：What the weather like?/How’s the weather? ，询问天气状况，天气用it代替

7.it用来代替前面说的一句话，与which、as代替一句话的辨析为：

当句中有and、what’s more、besides、but、however出现时，一句话用it代替 注意：however表转折，若在句末，代替一句话仍用which、as

e.g.1. ________ is known to us, he is good at English.

2. He ________ is known to us, he is good at English.

3. He is good at English, ________ is known to us.

4. He didn’t go to college, however, none of us know ________.

5. He didn’t go to college, ________ none of us know, however.

6. He is good at English, and ________ is known to us.

8.it作形式主语的九种固定模式：

（1）it+be+adj+to do, to do为句子的主语，但为了避免头重脚轻，用形式主语it

代替，译为汉语时，用to do代替it，it不译

（2）it+be+adj+that从句，that从句为主语，用it代替

注意：当that从句在adj后时，that可不写；放在一句话的句首起强调作用时， that引导名词性从句虽属二无（不作主语，不作宾语）形式，但不可省 略

（3）it+be+n+to do, 常用名词（n）:pity, honor, shame, duty, wonder

（4）it+be+n+that从句，it用法同上，名词用法同上

（5）it+be+no good/no use/useless+doing“干…没有好处（用处）”

注意：it后的名词若变为no doubt，be之前的主语不能用it，用there

（6）be said“据说”、be reported“据报道”、be announced“据宣布”、be known

“据了解”、be believed“据推测”、be hoped“据希望”等结构后+that从句，句子的主语用it代替that从句作形式主语

（7）seem/appear+that从句，句子的主语用it，用法同上

注意：在（6）（7）两种结构中that从句可换成to do的三种形式（to do, to be

doing, to have done）此时要特别注意，此时it不再充当主语，主语由that从句中的主语充当

（8）it在make, think, consider, find, feel后可作形式主语或宾语，条件为：在it

后有宾语补足语、形容词或形容词修饰名词出现，而在形容词或形容词修饰的名词后又有to do或that从句出现来做以上动词之后真正的主语或宾语，但为了避免头重脚轻用形式主语或宾语it

（9）用于it takes sb some time/some money to do sth中代替to do 作主语，表“花

费某人多少时间/金钱干某事”，此句型中的sb可省，take译为“需要”，相当于need

E.g.1._______ is important for us to learn English well.

2._______ is clear that he is the best in his class.

3._______ is no good _______ (take) in your parents.

4._______ is no doubt that he has gone to college.

5. We all found _______ important to go to college.

6._______ took us hours to do our homework.

7._______ takes hardworking to go to college.

9.it代替时间的六种固定模式：

（1）it is time for sth=it is time to do sth“该到干…的时间了”

（2）it’s time for sb for sth=it’s time for sb to do sth“该到某人干某事的时间了”

（3）it’s time +that从句=it’s about time +that从句“该到干某事的时间了”

注意：that从句用虚拟语气如同would rather+that从句用虚拟，它们的虚拟为

时间段的虚拟—对现在/将来：一般过去时；对过去：过去完成时，此时的that从句一定用过去时

（4）It is/was/will be +the+序数词+time+that从句“干…是第几次了” 注意：A. it 可用this/that/yesterday代替

B.序数词之后的time可用day/month/year代替

C.that从句要根据主从句一致的原则使用现在完成时或过去完成时，也就

是说，遇到be之后出现序数词+单数名词，它的从句：用that引导，且为完成时态

（5）it+be+years/days/months+since+从句“自从…是多少年/天/月了” 注意:A.主从句时态不一致

B.be用is/has been代替，表现在完成时

C.since后的从句要用一般过去时，体现since+过去时的句子为现在完成

时的标志

D.be有时也可用was代替，要注意时态的一致性，即since得从句由一般

过去时变为过去完成时

（6）it用于强调句型，强调除谓语动词之外的一切成分：It is/was +强调部分

+that/who+原句其他成分，但一定要照抄不变，使用时注意：

A. is/was体现主从句时态一致原则.

B.强调部分若为人，既可用that也可用who，反之用that

C.当强调部分为名词，后又设两空，此时第一空根据定语从句的引导词判断， 第二空根据强调句型的引导词判断

D.强调句型变特殊疑问句，它的特殊疑问词就是所强调部分，结构：特殊疑 问词+is/was it that+句中其他成分

E.强调句若强调“直到…才”即not…until…句型时，此时一定要将主句中的not，从句中的until并列使用，构成强调句型，此用法类似于not…until…句型放于句首引起半倒装结构时，not…until…也要并列

F.强调句型与it is/was +无介词的段时间和点时间的辨析（引导词）：

此时无介词的段时间引导词用before，表“…之后”，无介词的点时间用

when，表“…时候”，反之有介词，引导词一律用that构成强调句

注意：上述中点时间不一定指具体时间，可以为具体的一年/月/天

G.强调句与其他句型不同的标志是：去掉it is/was以及that/who，句子仍成立

E.g.1._______ is time that we _______ to work.

A. It, go B. It, went C. That, go D. That, went

2._______ is the third time that she _______ you.

A. It, rings B. It, has rung C. It, had rung D. That, had rung

3. It _______ five years since I _______ English.

A. is, has studied B. has been, studied C. is, studied D. was, studied

4. It was five years since I _________ (study) English.

5. It was the man _______ we talk about _______ went abroad.

6. It was five years _______ we met each other.

7. It was for five years _______ we have met each other.

8. It was 1980 _______ I was born.

9. It was in 1980 _______ I was born.