定语从句知识总结与归纳

（一）结构  限定性定语从句：先行词+关系词+定语从句

           非限定性定语从句：先行词，关系词+定语从句

（二）关系词  关系代词：that；who；which；whose

关系副词：when；where；why w.w.w.k.s.5.u.c.o.m

说明 先行词的内容指：人；关系代词用：that；who

先行词指：物，用关系代词：which；whose表示：先行词和从句中的第一个词为从属关系，表示……的……；that；who；which在定语从句中做主语或宾语；

关系副词：when；where；why在定语从句中做时间，地点，原因状语；表示：“在那时”；“在那里”和“为什么”

The bright star which is shining just above the roof is called Sirius.

The people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned in history book at all.

We saw a church among the trees, whose tower（the tower of which）was clear against the blue sky.

She adopted a child whose parents are dead.

He came at six, when I am usually in the garden.

Would you please give us a reason why you are late for class ?

关系词前面可以带有介词、限定词，结构为：

限定词（Both；Many；All等）of which / whom…

介词（in；on；at；for等）+which / whom …

He felt that his pupils, most of whom lived in the towns, should get to know the wonders of the countryside.

This is the road by which we came.

（三）先行词指“物”时，关系代词只能用that不能用which的情况，先行词的特点是：

1. 先行词有形容词最高级或序数词修饰

2. 先行词是不定代词

3. 先行词有only；any；few；little；no；none；all；very 等词修饰

4. 先行词既有“人”也有“物”

You should hand in all that you have.

The only thing that we can do is to wait patiently.

This is the last train that goes to Beijing.

（四）way 后面的定语从句：the way + in which / that /省略／＋定语从句

I don’t understand the way in which / that /—/ they worked out this problem.

（五）as 引导的定语从句，句型：

1. such ＋先行词as +定语从句：像……一样／之类的……

2. the same ＋先行词as ＋定语从句：和……一样的……

3. as ＋定语从句，主句：正如……一样

He is not the same as he was.

We have found such materials as are used in their factory.

As is expected, he has been absent.

She has read widely in Romantic literature, as appears from her essay.

（六）定语从句中的谓语动词与先行词的形式一致。

1. one of＋名词复数＋关系代词＋复数动词

2. the only of ＋名词复数＋关系代词＋单数动词

The Great Wall is one of the world-famous buildings that draw lots of visitors.

The Great Wall is the only one of the buildings on the earth that is seen from the moon.

考试指导

（1）考查要点：关系代词／关系副词；考查形式——单项选择；短文改错。

（2）考查难点：在定语从句中加入插入语；把先行词与定语从句分割开。

（3）思路：单选——在理解句子意思的基础上，分清句子结构，弄清先行词和定语从句；观察从句中所有的成分——主语；宾语；状语（时间；地点；原因）

改错——常在定语从句部分的关系词处设错（关系代词／关系副词的误用；非限定性定语从句用that引导；从句中多余代词）。

同时注意根据句意和结构区分定语从句，名词从句和强调句型。

【典型例题】

一. 单项选择：

1. Dolly was always speaking highly of her role in the play ____, of course, made the others unhappy.

A. who           B. which        C. this            D. what

分析：B  去掉插入语of course，后面是定语从句修饰前文描述的整个事情。

2. The film brought the hours back to me ____ I was taken good care of in that faraway village.

A. until           B. that            C. when         D. where

分析：C  先行词the hours与定语从句被back to me隔开（为保持句子平衡）；the hours在从句中做时间状语。

3. The Beatles, ___ many of you are old enough to remember, came from Liverpool.

A. what          B. that            C. how           D. as

分析：D　as many of you are old enough to remember引导非限定性定语从句：正如我们大家能记住的那样，A，C与定语从句无关，that不能引导非限定性定语从句。

 

第二篇：定语从句知识点归纳

正确使用关系词

thatwhichwho

指

功

主语whom

关系词

whose定语

as

when时间功

关系副词

where

地点状语

why原因

在以下几种场合只能用that

A.先行词(指物)本身是不定代词或先行词被不定 代词修饰All that can be done has been done. B.先行词兼有指人和指物的名词

C.先行词(指物)被 the very, the only, the next, the last 等修饰

D.先行词(指物)被形容词最高级和序数词修饰

This is the best TV that is made in China.

E. 当主句是which/who引导的特殊疑问句

1、在非限制性定语从句中，指事物用which，指人用who或whom. 2、在介词后面，指事物用 which，指人用whom. 在定语从句中如何正确判断与使用介词? 方法1.看定语从句中动词或形容词与介词的搭配 方法2.看从句中的动词或动词词组与先行词的搭配 方法3、根据先行词判断，所用的介词与先行词搭配 名词/代词/数词+ of +which/whom知多少? 名词/代词/数词+ of 表示物用which

表示人用whom

如何恰当使用when ,where , why与which, that引导的定语从句?

1. 先行词是表示地点,时间,原因的名词或含有地点,时间,原因意义的抽象名词，用来引导定语从句.when ,where, why在从句中作状语 相当于相应的介词+which

2. 若定语从句缺主语或宾语，用which或that引导定语从句。 如何用好whose 引导的定语从句? as 和 which 的区别知多少？

as 作为关系代词，既可以引导限制性定语从句，又可以引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中做主语、宾语或表语. as引导的限制性定语从句

此时先行词前常被such,the same, so,as 修饰， 即构成such…as , the same …as, so…as, as…as 结构，做题时容易 忽略。

提示：在做有关定语从句题目时，如果选项中

出现as, 请先考虑是否考查as 引导的定语 从

句

。1、于，非可as 和限以

制

指

which 可以换用。

He left her, as/ which was strange.

2、as 句首，句中和句尾。

As everyone knows, Tom is good at English.

3as 作主语。as is said/ known/ announced/ reported/ mentioned/ expected/ discussed等。

As is known to all, Taiwan is part of China.

4、as式中多用as:

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性

5. where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是 表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。如：

1)I’ve come to the point where I can’t stand him.

2)He’s got himself into a dangerous situation where he is likely to lose control over the plane.

在这两句中，where 引导的定语从句分别

修饰point和situation, 表示抽象意义“到了某种地 步，在某种境况中”。 6、定语从句与强调结构的区别

（1）It was in this house ______ he was born. （2）It was this house ______ he was born.

（3）It was in the house ________ he used to live in that the exhibition was held. A. where B. that C. which D. there

判断是否是强调结构的方法是去掉it is /was …that, 若整个句子结构和意义不受影响，则为强调结构，否则为定语从句。 7、定语从句与其他从句的区别

（1）定语从句与地点状语从句的区别是看有无表示地点的名词作先行词，有则是定语从句，试比较：You should leave the toy where you can find.

I still remember the bus stop where / at which I met you.

（2）定语从句与结果状语从句的区别是看从句的连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句；若连接词在句中不作成分时，则为结果状语从句。试比较：He is such a kind person

as everybody likes.

He is such a kind person that everybody likes him.

（3）定语从句与同位语从句的区别主要是看连接词是否在从句中作成分，作成分的是定语从句，不作成分而只是表示前面名词的具体内容的则是同位语从句。试比较：The news that he had been back surprised us all.

The news (that) he told us surprised us all. 8、way 后面的定语从句（用that/ in which 或省略）：

Please tell me the way (that/ in which) you did the job.

遇到这类句子，先将其变成肯定句，再看主句是否缺少表语。若缺表语，则必须用the one的形式，接着再看the one在从句中作什么成分，若作状语，则必须用the one where，若作主语或宾语时，则用the one (that/ which)

3、是用the one还是用that , which, where. 当先行词是表示时间的名词时，作时间状语时，用when, 若作主语或宾语时，就用that/ which. 4．是用when还是用that, which

当先行词是表示时间的名词时，作时间状语时，用when, 若作主语或宾语时，就用that/ which.

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