英语高考作文症状总结及万能模式

英语高考作文症状总结及万能模式

    作文是英语知识水平的综合素质体现,它要求同学们既要有扎实的语言基本功,又要具备一定的审题能力、想象能力、表达能力、评价能力及书法排版能力。因为基本功不扎实,多数同学在作文时总会出现这样或者那样的问题,例如,文体不符、词汇误用、句子单一等,造成作文的得分较低,影响了总的英语成绩。因此,作文能力不强一直是同学们比较普遍的问题。其实归结起来,作文“缺钙”一共有四类症状,深入地剖析这些症状,就能找到作文偏科的根本原因,同时写作时适当地套用一些模板,给写作能力“缺钙”的同学好好进补。

症状一文体格式混乱

  【表现】读了作文要求之后,提笔就写——明明要求写一封表达建议的书信,结果写成了议论文;或者明明要求写说明文,偏偏写成了记叙文;或者总算文体没有弄错,结果写通知误用日记的格式,写书信又误用通知的格式。

  【症结】平时缺乏作文文体方面的针对性训练,对英语作文的几种常用文体及其相应的写作格式不熟悉,拿到写作材料习惯性地对写作要求一扫而过,提笔就写自己最熟悉的格式。

  【突破之道】明确文体和对应格式

  常用文体有记叙文、说明文、议论文还有应用文等。近几年的高考(Q吧)书面表达多以应用文为主,提供的形式多以图画、提纲、表格出现,书写的格式大都是书信、通知。所以,同学们应该掌握书信的称呼、开头、正文、结尾、签名等方面,另外,口头通知和书面通知的不同要清楚。总之,同学们应根据写作提示分析材料,明确写作文体和其相应的格式。

  症状二时态人称混乱

  【表现】作文时,时态和人称运用混乱——时态方面,要么整篇文章都是一种时态(以一般现在时、一般过去时居多),要么就是一段甚至一句话中出现三种以上的时态;人称方面,要么文章开头是第一人称,写到文中甚至文末就成了第二、第三人称,要么前面是单数人称,写着写着就变成复数人称。

  【症结】英语基础知识不牢固,对英语中时态和人称所代表的含义及其运用掌握不足,因此无法根据文体来选择正确的时态和人称而滥用或者混用。

  【突破之道】明确时态和人称

  同学们要根据选好的文体和写作内容确定时态和人称。一般来说,记人叙事多用一般过去时;发布通知多用一般将来时和祈使句式;发表议论大多用带有情态动词的一般现在时;人物介绍、现状说明常用一般现在时和现在完成时。定准时态后接下来一定要知道各时态的构成及用法要点,但要记住,写作时时态并不唯一,要依据表达内容而选定正确的时态。人称方面则要注意前后统一,避免出现前后人称属性或者单复数不一致的情况。

  症状三词汇运用混乱

  【表现】经常出现乱用词语的现象,同时使用一些较难的、较长的、用法不熟悉的单词,或者明明用一些简单的词汇就能够很清楚地表达意思,偏偏要选择一些难度较大的、不常用的表达方式。

  【症结】写作时对文章的脉络把握不足就匆匆下笔,对其中所需的词汇和常用表达方式理解记忆不牢固。平时练习时,习惯性地忽略一些形式简单但用途较广泛的基本词汇和表达方式,喜欢选择复杂的词汇和表达方式。

  【突破之道】确定所需主要词汇和所用表达结构

  应该根据文章体裁和内容逐个确定写作要点。对于图画和图表可在草稿纸上用中文列出并理清要点,然后选词造句,要注意语言的准确得当,力求用最简洁的话表达准确的意思。同时,平时写作要多进行发散思维,例如,是用verysorry还是terriblysorry,是surprised还astonished。同学们应学会尽可能避免使用较高级的语法结构和词汇,如非谓语动词、复合句等,以免造成过失性失分.

  症状四语序句序混乱

  【表现】作文的语序、句序混乱,通常这里写一点,跳过去又另起一点,这样造成要么文章洋洋洒洒一大篇却全是废话,没有中心和重点,什么都没有表达清楚;要么通篇没有适当的过渡词、句,整篇文章一“逗”到底,密密麻麻让人找不着北。

  【症结】平时练习时不注意表达的连贯性,想到哪里就写到哪里,写作之前没有列提纲的习惯,不去深入思索怎样表达才能达到最好的效果,从而造成整篇文章逻辑思维混乱,层次不清晰。

  【突破之道】整理成篇行文连贯

  同学们应该根据写作内容列好简要提纲,分清文章的层次,确定详略,写好的单句要重新排列组合起来,使之前后连贯成一篇完整的文章。同时选用恰当的关联词或句子使文章过渡自然,行文流畅。另外,该分段时要分段,这样文章才能中心突出,一目了然,整篇作文才能如行云流水般整齐划一。

2008万能英语模板

  图标作文

  As is shown by the figure/percentage in the table/picture,____ has been on rise/ decrease, significantly/dramatically rising/decreasing from ____ in _____ to _____ in _____. From the sharp rise/decline in the chart, it goes without saying that _____.

  There are at least two good reasons accounting for _____. In one hand, ____.In the other hand, _____ is due to the fact that ______.In addition, ______ is responsible for _____. Maybe there are some other reasons to show ______.But itis generally believed that the above mentioned reasons are commonly convincing.

  As far as I am concerned, I hold the point of view that _______. I am sure my opinion is both sound and well-grounded.

  书信作文模板

  Your addressMonth, Date, yearReceiver's addressDear …,

  I am extremely pleased to hear from you. And I would like to write a letter to tell you that_____.

  ……

  I will greatly appreciate a response from you at your earliest convenience/I am looking f0rward to your replies at your earliest convenience.

  Best regards for your health and success.Sincerely yours,

  话题作文

  Nowadays, there are more and more __ _ in __ _. It is estimated that ___. Why have there been so many ____? Maybe the reasons can be listed as follows.

  The first one is ______. Besides,_____. The third one is _____. To sum up, the main cause of it is due to _____. It is high time that something were done upon it. For one thing,_____. For another thing, _____. All these measures will certainly reduce the number of _____.

  对比观点作文

  _____ is becoming more and more popular recently. There are two sides of opinions of it. Some people say ____ is their favorite. They hold their view for the reason of ____. What is more,_____。Moreover,______.

While others think that _____ is a better choice in the following three reasons. Firstly,_____. Secondly (besides),______. Thirdly (finally),_____.

  From my point of view, I think _____. The reason is that _____. As a matter of fact, there are some other reasons to explain my choice. For me, the former is surely a wise choice.

 

第二篇:英语四级考试必背作文话题词汇与短语及万能句式总结

英语四级考试必背作文话题词汇与短语总结

1.校园生活类: 1)大学学习类: application form 申请表 assignment 作业 instructor辅导老师

assessment (对学生的学习情况)评估 course arrangement 课程安排 credit 学分 dean 导师

enrolment\register for 注册 oral examination 口试 graduate school 研究生院 letter of recommendation 推荐信 participation 出勤 postgraduate 研究生 president 校长

required course\compulsory course 必修课 optional course 选修课 score\mark 分数

school of Arts and Sciences 文理学院

take an examination\sit an examination 参加考试undergraduate 本科生 2)大学生活类 cafeteria 自助小餐厅 call slip 索书单 campus 校园 club 学生俱乐部 current account 现金帐户 current issues 本期刊物 back issues 过期刊物 catalogue 目录

deposit money in a bank 存钱 dining hall 食堂 dormitory 宿舍 lecture hall 阶梯教室 library card 借书卡

overdue and pay a fine 过期罚款 renew (借书)续借

shopping mall\centre 购物中心 society 学生社团 student union 学生会 withdraw\draw cash 取钱 2.交通旅游类 1)交通规则类 crash 撞车 amber light 黄灯 cross road 十字路

drive without license 无证驾驶 excessive speed 超速 green light 绿灯 traffic jam 交通拥挤 narrow road 窄路 red light 红灯 parking place 停车场 speed limit 速度限制 traffic light 红绿灯 traffic police 交通警察 traffic regulation 交通规则 zebra stripes 斑马线 2)旅游类词汇 check-in 登记入住 check-out 结帐离开(退房) holiday resort 度假区 one-way ticket 单程机票 place of sightseeing 游览胜地 room service 客房服务 round-trip ticket 来回机票 sightseeing tour 观光旅游 star-rated hotel 星级饭店 tour group 旅游团队 tour guide 导游 travel service 旅行社 vacation tour 度假旅游 tourist attraction 旅游胜地 3.社会热点类

bid for the Olympic Games 申办奥运会

birth control 计划生育 brain drain 人才外流 bubble economy 泡沫经济 care for senior citizens 关心老年人 comprehensive national power 综合国力 compulsory education 义务教育 computer crime 电脑犯罪 divorce 离婚

dropout student 失学儿童

economic globalization\economic integration 经济全球化

education for all-round development 素质教育 exam-oriented education 应试教育 intellectual property rights 知识产权 juvenile delinquency 青少年犯罪 knowledge-based economy 知识经济 laid-off worker 下岗职工 migrant worker 民工 net friend 网友 net citizen 网民 off line 下线 online love affair 网恋

people oriented\people foremost 以人为本 pioneering spirit 首创精神

preserve the ecological environment 保护生态环境

prime time 黄金时段 puppy love 早恋

rate of unemployment 失业率 rural population 乡村人口

self-protection awareness 自我保护意识 self-service ticketing 无人售票 shopping online 网上购物 single parent family 单亲家庭 surf the Internet 网上冲浪

sustainable development 可持续发展 team spirit 团队精神 reduce study load 学生减负

university students’ innovative undertaking 大学生创业

virtual net 虚拟网络 win-win situation 双赢局面 chain debts 三角债 assistant president 总裁助理 eliminate illiteracy 扫盲 excusive agency 专卖店 New Human Being 新新人类 online trading platform 网上交易平台 cost of living\income maintenance 生活费用 advance with times 与时俱进 A well-paid job 待遇丰厚的工作 一.四级作文常见连接词总结: 1.表示空间顺序 near to far from in the front of beside behind to the right to the left on the other side of 2.表示时间顺序 first

after a few days eventually at that time in the meantime meanwhile afterward from then on 3.表示举例 for example to name a few , say , such as

4.表示递进(补充说明)关系 in addition

furthermore what’s more what’s worse 5.表示对比关系 whereas

while as opposed to by contrast by comparison

开头万能公式

1. 开头万能公式一:名人名言

有人问了,“我没有记住名言,怎么办?尤其是英语名言?”,很好办:编!

原理:我们看到的东西很多都是创造出来的,包括我们欣赏的文章也是,所以尽管编,但是一定要听起来很有道理呦!而且没准将来我们就是名人呢!对吧? 经典句型:

A proberb says, “ You are only young once.” (适用于已记住的名言) It goes without saying that we cannot be young forever. (适用于自编名言) 更多经典句型:

As everyone knows, No one can deny that? 2. 开头万能公式二:数字统计

原理:要想更有说服力,就应该用实际的数字来说明。

原则上在议论文当中十不应该出现虚假数字的,可是在考试的时候哪管那三七二十一,但编无妨,只要我有东西写就万事大吉了。所以不妨试用下面的句型:

According to a recent survey, about 78.9% of the college students wanted to further their study after their graduation.

看起来这个数字文邹邹的,其实都是编造出来的,下面随便几个题目我们都可以这样编造: Honesty:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,大学生向老师请假的理由当中78%都是假的。 Travel by Bike:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,85%的人在近距离旅行的时候首选的交通工具是自行车。

Youth:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,在某个大学,学生的课余时间的70%都是在休闲娱乐。 Five-day Work Week Better than Six-day Work?:根据最近的一项统计调查显示,98%的人同意每周五天工作日。 更多句型:

A recent statistics shows that ?

结尾万能公式

1. 结尾万能公式一:如此结论

说完了,毕竟要归纳一番,相信各位都有这样的经历,领导长篇大论,到最后终于冒出个“总而言之”之类的话,我们马上停止开小差,等待领导说结束语。也就是说,开头很好,也必然要有一个精彩的结尾,让读者眼前一亮,这样,你就可以拿高分了!比如下面的例子:

Obviously(此为过渡短语), we can draw the conclusion that good manners arise from politeness and respect for others.

如果读者很难“显而见之”,但说无妨,就当读者的眼光太浅罢了! 更多过渡短语:

to sum up, in conclusion, in brief, on account of this, thus 更多句型:

Thus, it can be concluded that?, Therefore, we can find that?

2. 结尾万能公式二:如此建议

如果说“如此结论”是结尾最没用的废话,那么“如此建议”应该是最有价值的废话了,因为这里虽然也是废话,但是却用了一个很经典的虚拟语气的句型。拽!

Obviously, it is high time that we took some measures to solve the problem.

这里的虚拟语气用得很经典,因为考官本来经常考这个句型,而如果我们自己写出来,你说考官会怎么想呢? 更多句型:

Accordingly, I recommend that some measures be taken.

Consequently, to solve the problem, some measures should be taken.

写作的“七项基本原则”

一、 长短句原则

工作还得一张一驰呢,老让读者读长句,累死人!写一个短小精辟的句子,相反,却可以起到画龙点睛的作用。而且如果我们把短句放在段首或者段末,也可以揭示主题:

As a creature, I eat; as a man, I read. Although one action is to meet the primary need of my body and the other is to satisfy the intellectual need of mind, they are in a way quite similar.

如此可见,长短句结合,抑扬顿挫,岂不爽哉?牢记!

强烈建议:在文章第一段(开头)用一长一短,且先长后短;在文章主体部分,要先用一个短句解释主要意思,然后在阐述几个要点的时候采用先短后长的句群形式,定会让主体部分妙笔生辉!文章结尾一般用一长一短就可以了。 二、 主题句原则

国有其君,家有其主,文章也要有其主。否则会给人造成“群龙无首”之感!相信各位读过一些破烂文学,故意把主体隐藏在文章之内,结果造成我们稀里糊涂!不知所云!所以奉劝各位一定要写一个主题句,放在文章的开头(保险型)或者结尾,让读者一目了然,必会平安无事! 特别提示:隐藏主体句可是要冒险的!

To begin with, you must work hard at your lessons and be fully prepared before the exam(主题句). Without sufficient preparation, you can hardly expect to answer all the questions correctly. 三、 一二三原则

领导讲话总是第一部分、第一点、第二点、第三点、第二部分、第一点? 如此罗嗦。可毕竟还是条理清楚。考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 1)first, second, third, last(不推荐,原因:俗)

2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally(不推荐,原因:俗) 3)the first, the second, the third, the last(不推荐,原因:俗)

4)in the first place, in the second place, in the third place, lastly(不推荐,原因:俗)

5)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally(强烈推荐) 6)to start with, next, in addition, finally(强烈推荐) 7)first and foremost, besides, last but not least(强烈推荐) 8)most important of all, moreover, finally

9)on the one hand, on the other hand(适用于两点的情况) 10)for one thing, for another thing(适用于两点的情况)

建议:不仅仅在写作中注意,平时说话的时候也应该条理清楚!

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