译文缩写词

5－HIAA 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid 5-羟吲哚乙酸 5－HT 5-hydroxytryptamine 5-羟色胺 AAV adeno-associated virus 腺相关病毒 ABMT Autogenous bone marrow transplant 自体骨髓移植 ACTH Adrenocorticotrophic hormone 促肾上腺皮质激素=corticotrophin/corticotropin

ADCC antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity 抗体依赖细胞介导细胞毒作用

ADEPT Antibody-directed enzyme prodrug therapy 抗体导向酶药物前体疗法

ADH Antidiuretic hormone 抗利尿激素

AFO ankle/foot orthosis /orthotics 脚踝矫正法（矫正术）

AGC Advanced gastric cancer 进展期胃癌

AHA American Hospital association 美国医院协会 AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome 艾滋病 AIN Anal intraepithelial neoplasia 肛门上皮内新生物 AJCC American Joint committee on cancer 美国癌症联合委员会

ALL acute lymphoid leukemia 急性淋巴细胞白血病 allo-BMT allo-bone marrow transplantation 异基因骨髓移植

ALT Liver function tests 肝功能检测

AMKL acute megac/karyocytoid leukemia 急性巨核细胞白血病

AML acute myeloid leukemia 急性髓性白血病

AMOL acute monocytoid leukemia 急性单核细胞白血病 ANA antinuclear antibody 抗核抗体

ANP atrial natriuretic peptide 心钠素

APBSCT autogenous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation 自体外周血干细胞移植

APC Adenomatous polyposis colon 结肠腺瘤样息肉病 APCs Antigen-presenting cells 抗原呈递细胞

APL Acute promyelocyte leukemia 急性早幼粒细胞白血病 APR Abdominoperineal resection 腹会阴联合切除术 Abdominocentesis 腹腔穿刺术

APUD Amine precursor uptake and decarboxylation 胺前体摄取和脱羧作用

ASC the American Cancer society 美国癌症协会

ASCO American Society of Clinical Oncology 美国临床肿瘤学会

AT Ataxia telangiectasia 毛细血管扩张共剂失调

ATL Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma 成人T细胞白血病（淋巴瘤）

ATZ Anal transitional zone 肛管移行带

AUC area-under-the-curve 曲线下面积

Auto-BMT auto-bone marrow transplantation 自体骨髓移植 AVP anginine vasopressin 精胺酸血管加压素

BBB Blood-brain barrier 血脑屏障

BCC Basal cell carcinoma 基底细胞癌

BCDDP Breast cancer detection demonstration project 乳腺癌普查研究计划

BCG Bacillus calmette-guerin（BCG vaccine） 卡介苗 BCGF B-cell growth factor B细胞生长因子

BCR Breakpoint cluster region断裂点集簇区

BE Barium enema 钡灌肠

BMF Bone marrow failure 骨髓衰竭

BMT Bone marrow transplantation 骨髓移植

BNCT Boron neutron capture therapy 硼中子捕获治疗 BPH benign prostate hyperplasia 良性前列腺增生 BPI brief pain inventory 简明疼痛调查表

BRCA1 breast cancer predisposition gene 1 乳腺癌易感基因1 BRMS Biological responsive modifiers 生物调节剂 BSCG British stomach cancer group 英国胃癌研究组 BSE Breast self-examination 乳腺自检

BTB Blood-tumor barrier 血瘤屏障

BTSG Brain Tumor Study group 脑瘤研究组

CALGB Cancer and leukemia group B 肿瘤及白血病研究组B

CBC Complete Blood count 全血细胞计数

CBO Congressional Budget Office 国会预算办公室 CCSG Children’s cancer study group 儿童癌症研究组 CDC Certers for Disease control （美国）疾病控制中心 CDC Complement-dependent cytotoxicity 补体依赖细胞毒作用

CDK Cyclin-dependent kinase 细胞周期蛋白依赖性激酶 CDRs Complementarity determining regions 互补决定区 CEA carcinoembryonic antigen 癌胚抗原

cFU-s Colony forming unit-spleen脾集落形成单位 CHO Chinese hamster ovary 中国仓鼠卵巢

CIN Cervical intraepithelial neoplasm 子宫颈上皮内肿瘤 CIS Carcinomal in situ 原位癌

CK Cytokine 细胞因子

CLL Chronic lymphoid leukemia 慢性淋巴细胞白血病 CML Chronic myeloid leukemia 慢性髓细胞白血病 CMV Cytomegalovirus 巨细胞病毒

CNS Central nervous system 中枢神经系统

CNTE nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis 非细菌性血栓性

心内膜炎

COG central oncology group 中央部肿瘤学研究组 CPK creatine phosphokinase 肌酸磷酸激酶

CPN common peroneal nerve 腓总神经

CPS cancer prevention study 癌症预防研究

CR complete response 完全缓解率

CR complete remission 完全缓解

CRF corticotrophin-releasing factor 促皮质激素释放激素 CS clinical stage 临床分期

CSF cerebrospinal fluid 脑脊液

CT computerized tomography 电子计算机断层摄影 CTCL Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma 皮肤T淋巴细胞瘤 CTL cytolytic T-cell lymphocyte 细胞毒性T淋巴细胞 CTP CT portography CT门静脉造影

CTZ Chemoreceptor trigger zone 化学感受器激活区 CVC Central venous catheter 中心静脉置管

DAG Diacylglycerol 甘油三脂

DCIS Ductal carcinoma in situ 导管原位癌

DFS Disease-free survival 无瘤生存

DIC Disseminated intravascular coagulation 弥漫性血管内凝血

DLCL Diffuse large cell lymphoma 弥漫型大细胞淋巴瘤

Dm Double-minute chromatin body 双微体染色体 DMs Double-minute chromosomes 双微粒染色体 DRE Digital rectal examination 肛门指诊

DVH Dose-volume histogram 剂量（容）体积直方图 DVT Deep venous thrombosis深静脉血栓

EBCTCG Early breast cancer Trialists collaborative Group 早期乳腺癌研究人员协作组

EBF Electromyographic biofeedback 肌电生物反馈 EBV Epstein-Barr Virus EB病毒

ECC Endocervical curettage 宫颈内刮取术

ECF Extracellular fluid 细胞外液

ECM Extracellular matrix 细胞外基质

ECOG Estern cooperative oncology group 东部肿瘤学协作组 EEG Electroencephalography脑电图

EGF epidermal growth factor 表皮生长因子

EGFR epidermal growth factor receptor 表皮生长因子受体 EIC Extensive intraductal carcinoma 弥漫性导管内癌

ELISA enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay 酶联免疫吸附 EMBT European cooperative group for bone marrow Transplantation 欧洲骨髓移植协作组

EMG Electromyelography 脊髓电图

EORTC European Ognization for Research and Treatment

cancer 欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织

ER Estrogen receptor 雌激素受体

ERCP Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancretography内镜逆行性胰胆管造影

ERFR epidermal growth factor receptor 表皮生长因子受体 ESR Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 血沉

EUS Endoscopic ultrasonography 内镜超声检查 Ev Electron volt 电子伏特

FAB French-American-British 法美英

FACS Fluorescence-activated cell sorter 荧光激活细胞扫描仪 FAP Familial adenomatous polyposis 家族性腺瘤样息肉病 FC Field carcinogenesis 区域癌变

FCM Flow cytometry 流式细胞仪

FDA Food and Drug Administration （美国）食品与药品管理局

FFS Failure-free survival 无失败生存

FGF Fibroblast growth factor 成纤维细胞生长因子

FIGO Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics 妇产科协会 FISH Fluorescence in situ hybridization 荧光原位杂交 FNA Fine needle aspiration 细针针吸检查

FNH Focal nodular hyperplasia 局灶性结节性增生 FSH Follicle-stimulating hormone 促卵泡激素

FUO Fever of unknown origin 不明原因发热

FVC Force vital capacity 用力呼气肺活量

G6PD Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase 葡萄糖六磷酸果糖脱氢酶

GCCG Gynecological Cancer Cooperative Group 妇科癌症协作组

G-CSF Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor 粒细胞集落刺激因子

GCT Germ cell Tumors 生殖细胞瘤

GCT Testicular germ cell Tumors 睾丸精原细胞瘤

GM-CSF Granulocyte/Macrophage colony-stimulating factor 粒细胞、巨噬细胞集落刺激因子

GnRH Gonadotrophin-releasing hormone 促性腺激素释放激素

GOG Gynecologic Oncology Group 妇科肿瘤学研究组 GTPase Guanosine triphosphatase 鸟苷酸三磷酸酶

GTSG Gastrointestinal Tumor study Group 胃肠道肿瘤研究组 GVHD Graft-versus-host disease 移植物抗宿主病

HAE Hepatic artery embolization 肝动脉栓塞

HAI Hepatic arterial infusion肝动脉灌注

HAL Hepatic arterial ligation 肝动脉结扎

HAMA Human antimouse antibody 人抗鼠抗体反应

HBI Half body irradiation 半身放射

HBV Hepatitis B virus 乙型肝炎病毒

HCC Hepatocellular carcinoma 肝细胞癌

HCD Heavy chain diseases 重链病

HCFA activities of daily living 日常活动能力

HCG Human chorionic gonadotropin 人类绒毛膜促性腺激素 HCL Hairy cell leukemia 毛细胞白血病

HCL-V Hairy cell leukemia variant 变异型毛细胞白血病 HD Hodgkin’s disease 霍奇金病

HDC High-dose chemotherapy大剂量化疗

HHM Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy 体液相关的癌性高钙血症

HIV Human immunodeficiency virus 人类免疫缺陷病毒 HLA human leukocyte antigen 人类白细胞抗原

HNPCC Hereditary nonpolyposis colon cancer 遗传性非息肉病性结直肠癌

HPF High-power field 高倍视野

HPV Human papillomavirus 人乳头状瘤病毒

HSCs hematopoietic stem cells 造血干细胞

HSRs Homogenously staining regions同源染色区 HSV herpes simplex virus 单纯疱疹病毒

HTLV-Ⅱ Human T-cell leukemia virus-Ⅱ

HU Housenfield unit CT CT值单位

IASLC International Association for the study of lung cancer 肺癌国际研究协会

IBD Inflammatory bowel disease 炎性肠病

IBMTR International bone marrow transplant registry 国际骨髓移植登记处

IBS Irritable bowel syndrome 肠易激综合征

ICEBT Intraoral cone electron beam therapy 口腔内限光筒电子线治疗

ICF Intracellular fluid 细胞内液

ICG Indocyanine green 靛青绿

ICI Intracavernosal injection （阴茎）海绵体内注射 ICS Interval cytoreductive surgery 化疗间期减瘤术 IDS Illness distress scale 疾病情绪压抑评分

IGF Insulin-like growth factor 胰岛素样生长因子

IGTSG Italian Gastrointestinal tumor study 意大利胃肠肿瘤研究组

IN Intraepithelial neoplasia 上皮内新生物

INF Interferon 干扰素

INSS International Neuroblastoma staging system 国际神经母细胞瘤分期系统

IORT Intraoperative radiotherapy 术中放疗

IOUS Intraoperative ultrasonography 术中超声检查

IPSID immunoproliferative small bowel disease 免疫增生性小肠病

ISCN International system for human cytogenetic nomenclature 国际人类细胞遗传学命名法

ISSVD International society for the study of vulvar/l disease 国际外阴疾病研究协会

JRSGC Japanese Research society for Gastric Cancer 日本胃癌研究协会

KeV Thousand of electron volt 千伏

KPS Karnofsky performance status Karnofsky体力状况评分法 KS Kaposi sarcoma Kaposi肉瘤

LAG Lymphangiogram 淋巴管造影

LAI Leukemia-associated inhibitor 白血病相关抑制因子 LAK lymphokine activated inhibitor 淋巴因子激活的杀伤细胞

LAP Leukocyte alkaline phosphatase 白细胞碱性磷酸酶 LCIS Lobular carcinoma in situ 小叶原位癌

LDH Lactic dehydrogenase 乳酸脱氢酶

LDHD Lymphocyte depletion Hodgkin’s disease 淋巴细胞消减型霍奇金病

LEEP Loop electrodiathermy excision procedure 袢式电切术

LGL Large granular lymphocytic leukemia 大颗粒样淋巴细胞白血病

LH Luteinizing hormone 黄体生成素

LHRH Luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone 促黄体素释放激素

LMAS Lifeline medical alert system 医疗生命监控警报系统 LMP Latent membrane protein 细胞膜隐蛋白

LOH Loss of heterozygosity 杂合缺失

LPHD Lymphocyte predominance Hodgkin’s disease 淋巴细胞为主型霍奇金病

LPRCs leukocyte poor red cell 少白细胞的红细胞

mAb Monoclonal antibody 单克隆抗体

MALT mucosa-associated lymphoid tumor 粘膜相关淋巴组织肿瘤

MCHD mixed cellularity Hodgkin’s disease 混合细胞型霍奇金病

MDR Multidrug resistance 多药耐药

MDS Myelodysplastic syndrome 骨髓异常增生综合征 MEN Multiple endocrine neoplasia多发内分泌肿瘤 MeV Million of electron Volt 百万伏

MFH Malignant fibrous histiocytoma 恶性纤维性组织肿瘤 MFU Median follow-up 中位随访

MGH Massachusetts General Hospital 麻省总医院

MGUS monoclonal gammopathies(immunoglobulinopathies) of undetermined significance 意义未明的单克隆免疫球蛋白病 MHC Major histocompatibility complex主要组织相容性复合体

Min mouse Multiple intestinal neoplasia mouse 多发性肠道肿瘤小鼠

MLL Mixed lineage leukemia 混合系列性白血病

MLTC mixed lymphocyte-tumor culture 淋巴细胞－肿瘤细胞混合培养

MM Multiple myeloma 多发性骨髓瘤

MRC Medical research council 医学研究理事会

MRD Minimal residual disease 微小残余病变

MRI Magnetic resonance imaging 磁共振影像检查

MSH Melanocyte-stimulating hormone 黑色素细胞刺激激素

MSKCC Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer center Sloan-Kettering癌症纪念中心

MTC Medullary thyroid carcinoma 甲状腺髓样癌 MTD Maximum tolerable dose 最大耐受剂量

NCB Needle core biopsy 针取活检

NCCTG North central cancer treatment group北方中部癌症

治疗研究组

NCI National cancer institute（美国）国立癌症研究所

NCIC National cancer institute of Canada 加拿大国家癌症研究所

NCOG Northern Califonia oncology Group北加利福尼亚肿瘤学研究组

NER Nucleotide excision repair 核苷酸切除修复 NF Neurofibromatosis 神经纤维瘤病

NF-2 Neurofibromatosis type Ⅱ 神经纤维瘤病Ⅱ型 NPC Nasopharyngeal carcinoma 鼻咽癌

NPT Nocturnal penile tumescence夜间阴茎勃起

NSABP National surgical Adjunct breast and bowel project 国家乳腺癌及大肠癌外科辅助治疗研究组

NSCLC Non-small cell lung cancer 非小细胞肺癌 NSE Neuron-specific enolase 神经原特异性烯醇酶 NSGCT Nonseminoma germ cell tumor 非生殖细胞瘤

NSHD Nodular sclerosis Hodgkin’s disease 结节硬化型霍奇金病

NWTS National Wilms tumor study 国家Wilms瘤研究组 OAFs Osteoclast activating factors 破骨细胞激活因子 OCN Oncology certified nurse 肿瘤学专业护士 OLT Orthotopic liver transplantation 原位肝移植

ONS Oncology nursing society 肿瘤护理学会

ORR Overall response rate 总有效率

PAM Primary acquired melanosis 原发性获得性黑色素沉着症

PAP Papnicolaou smear 巴氏涂片

PBPCS Peripheral blood progenitor cell外周血祖细胞 PCI Prophylactic cranial irradiation 预防性头颅照射 PCN Percutaneous nephrostomy 经皮肾盂造口术

PCNA Proliferating cell nuclear antigen 增殖细胞核抗原 PCR Polymerase chain reaction 多聚酶链式反应

PDGF Platelet-derived growth factor 血小板衍生的生长因子

PEI Percutaneous ethanol injection 经皮酒精注射

PET Positron emission tomography 正电子断层扫描 PFGE Pulse-field gel electrophoresis 脉冲凝胶电泳 PFI Progression-free interval 无进展间期

PGL persistent generalized lymphadenopathy 持续性全身性淋巴结肿大

PgR Progesterone receptor 孕激素受体

PI Phosphatidylinositol 磷脂酰肌醇

PID Phosphatidylinositol-phosphates磷脂酰肌醇磷酸化酶 PILCL Primary intraocular large cell lymphoma 原发性眶内大

细胞淋巴瘤

PKC Protein kinase C 蛋白激酶C

PLL Prolymphocytic leukemia 早幼淋巴细胞白血病 PNET Primitive neurodermal tumor 原始神经外胚层瘤 POA Pancreatic oncofetal antigen 胰癌胚抗原

POG Pediatric Oncology Group 儿科肿瘤学研究组 PR Partial remission 部分缓解

PRBCs Packed red blood cells 压积性红细胞

PS Performance Scale 体力状况评分法

PS Pathologic stage 病理分期

PSA Prostate specific antigen 前列腺特异性抗原

PSCT Peripheral sterm cell transplant 外周血干细胞移植 PSDA Patient self-determination act 病人自决权法

PSPC Papillary serous peritoneal carcinoma 乳头状浆液性腹膜癌

PTC Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography 经皮经肝胆管造影

PTH Parathyroid hormone 甲状旁腺激素

PTHrp Parathyroid hormone-related protein甲状旁腺激素相关蛋白

PTPase Protein tyrosine phosphatase 蛋白质酪氨酸磷酸脂酶

PV Portal vein门静脉

QALY Quality-adjusted life year 生活质量调整年

QAR Quantitative autoradiography 定量性放射自显影 RA Refractory anemia 难治性贫血

RAEB Refractory anemia with excess blast 难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多

RAEB-T Refractory anemia with excess blast in transformation转化型难治性贫血伴原始细胞增多

RAID Radioimmunodetection 放射免疫检测

RARS Refractory anemia with ringed sideroblast 难治性贫血伴环状铁粒幼细胞

RBE Radiobiologic effectiveness 放射生物效应

RFLP Restriction Fragment length polymorphism 限制性片断长度多态性

RIA Radioimmunoassay放射免疫测定〔法〕

RPLND Retroperitoneal lymph node dissection 腹膜后淋巴结清扫

RS Relapse stage 复发时分期

RSV Rous sarcoma virus Rous 肉瘤病毒

RTOG Radiation Therapy Oncology group 放射治疗肿瘤学研究组

SAN Spinal accessory nerve 脊髓副神经

SBFT Small bowel follow-through 全小肠系钡餐检查 SCC Squamous cell carcinoma 鳞状细胞癌

scFV Single-chain FV 单链FV（抗体）

SCI Stem cell inhibitor 干细胞抑制因子

SCID Severve combined immunodeficiency 严重的联合免疫缺陷

SCLC Small cell lung cancer 小细胞肺癌

SEER Cancer survival Epidemiology and End Results 癌症生存率流行病学及预后研究

SIADH Syndrome of inappropriate antiduretic hormone 不适当抗利尿激素分泌综合征

SLE Systemic lupus erythematosus系统性红斑狼疮

SLVL Splenic lymphoma with villous lymphocytes 带绒毛的小淋巴细胞脾淋巴瘤

SMA Superior mesenteric artery 肠系膜上动脉

SMM Smoldering multiple myeloma 冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤 SMN Secondary malignant neoplasm 继发性恶性肿瘤 SMV Superior mesenteric vein肠系膜上静脉

SPECT Single photon emission computer tomography单光子发射计算机断层扫描

SPORE Specialized programs of Research Excellence 特殊的优秀研究项目

SR Sterolactic radiosurgery立体定向放射外科

ST Ureteral stents 输尿管支架

STLI subtotal lymphoid irradiation 次全淋巴结照射 SV40 Simian virus40 猴病毒40

SVC Superior vena cava 上腔静脉

SVCO Superior vena cava obstruction 上腔静脉梗阻 SVCS Superior vena cava syndrome上腔静脉综合征

SWOG Southwest Oncology Group 西南部肿瘤学研究组 TAAs Tumor-associated antigens 肿瘤相关抗原

TBI Total body irradiation 全身放射

TCC Transitional cell carcinoma 移行细胞癌

TCR T-cell receptor T细胞受体

TCR T-cell antigen receptor T细胞抗原受体

TDT Terminal deoxyribonucleoside transferase末端脱氧核苷酸转移酶

TDT Tumor double time 重瘤倍增时间

TENS Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation TEP Tracheoesophageal puncture 气管食管穿刺

TGF-α Transforming growth factor alpha 转化生长因子-α THE Transhiatal partial esophagogastrectomy 经裂孔食管胃部分切除术

TIL Tumor-infiltrating lymphocyte 肿瘤浸润淋巴细胞

TLS Tumor lysis syndrome 肿瘤溶解综合征

TNF Tumor necrosis factor 肿瘤坏死因子

TPN Total parenteral nutrition 全肠道外营养

TRAP Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 抗酒石酸酸性磷酸酶

TRAs Tumor rejection antigens 肿瘤排斥性抗原

TRH Thyrotrophin-releasing hormone 促甲状腺素释放激素

TRUS Transrectal ultrasonography 经直肠超生显像 TSAs Tumor-specific antigens 肿瘤特异性抗原

TSH Thyroid-stimulating hormone 促甲状腺激素释放激素 TSTAs Tumor specific transplantation antigens 肿瘤特异性移植抗原

TTAs Tumor transplantation antigens 肿瘤移植抗原 TUR Transurethral resection 经尿道切除

UGI Upper gastrointestinal 上消化道

UPC Unknown primary carcinoma 原发灶不明癌 UV Ultraviolet 紫外线

VA Veteran Administration 退伍军人管理局

VAS Visual analogue scale 目测相似分级

VASOG Veterans Administration Surgical Oncology Group退伍军人管理局肿瘤外科学研究组

VEGF Vascular endothelial growth factor血管内皮生长因子 VIP Vasoactive intestinal Peptide 血管活性肠肽 VTD Vacuum tumescence devices 阴茎真空勃起仪 VZV Varicella-zoster virus 水痘－带状疱疹病毒 WBRT Whole-brain radiation therapy 全脑放射治疗 WHV Woodchuck hepatitis virus 土拔鼠肝炎

WRBCs Washed red blood cells 洗涤红细胞

YAC Yeast artificial chromosome 酵母人工染色体

β－HC β－human chorion-gonadotropin /chorionic gonadotrophin 人β绒毛膜促性腺激素