AAA型 过去式、过去分词与原形一致

原形 过去式 过去分词 词义

cut cut cut 切、割

shut shut shut 关、闭（门窗）

put put put 放置

let let let

set set set

hit hit hit

hurt hurt hurt

cost cost cost

read [ri:d] read [red] read [red]

beat beat beaten

run ran run

come came come

become became become

buy bought bought

fight fought fought

think thought thought

seek sought sought

让 设置 撞击 受伤；疼痛 值…钱；花费 朗读；阅读 AAB型 过去式与原形一致 击败 ABA型 过去分词与原形一致 跑步；逃跑 来 变得；成为 ABB型 过去式与过去分词一致 买 打架；打仗 想；认为 寻找；探究

bring brought brought 带来

catch caught caught 抓住；接住 teach taught taught 教；教书

lend lent lent 借出 send sent sent

spend spent spent

build built built

feel felt felt

leave left left keep kept kept

sleep slept slept oversleep overslept overslept sweep swept swept

mean [mi:n] meant [ment] meant [ment]

learn learnt / learned learnt /learned burn burnt / burned burnt / burned hear [hiE] heard [hE:d] heard [hE:d]

lead led led

mislead misled misled

feed fed fed

flee fled fled meet met met

送；派遣 花费（时间、金钱） 建设；建立 感觉；摸起来 离开 保持；保留 睡觉 睡过头 打扫 意思是 学；学会燃烧；烧伤 听见 领导；致使 把…引错方向 喂养；喂食 逃跑 遇见；碰到

shoot shot shot 射击

light lit / lighted lit / lighted 点燃

get got got 获得；得到 win won won 获胜；赢得 sit sat sat 坐下 dig dug dug

stick stuck stuck

hang hung hung

hang hanged hanged

sell sold sold

tell told told

smell smelt smelt

spell spelt spelt hold held held

find found found

stand stood stood

understand understood understood

lay laid laid

pay paid paid

say [sei] said [sed] said [sed] have /has had had

挖掘 刺；戳 悬挂 绞死 出售 告诉 闻；嗅 拼写 拿着；握住 找到；发现 站立 理解 下蛋 付款 说 有

make made made 制作

shine shone / shined shone / shined 照耀 lose [lu:z] lost [lRst] lost [lRst] 丢失

ABC型 原形、过去式、过去分词不一致

begin began begun

drink drank drunk

ring rang rung

sing sang sung

sink sank sunk

swim swam swum

blow blew blown

fly flew flown

know knew [nju:] known

grow grew grown

throw threw thrown

draw drew drawn

show showed shown

break broke broken

speak spoke spoken

steal stole stolen choose chose chosen

freeze froze frozen

wake woke woke / woken

forget forgot forgotten

take took taken

开始 喝；饮 铃（响）；打电话 唱歌 下沉 游泳 吹；刮风 飞；放（风筝） 知道；懂得 种植；生长 扔；投 绘画 出示；给…看 打破；不服从 说话 偷 选择 冻结 醒来；唤醒 忘记 拿走

mistake mistook mistaken 错拿 shake shook shaken 摇动；握（手） eat ate eaten 吃

fall fell fallen 落下；摔倒 rise rose risen [rizn] 上升；上涨 drive drove driven [drivn] 驾驶 give gave given

forgive forgave forgiven see saw seen

ride rode ridden

hide hid hidden

bite bit bitten forbid forbade / forbad forbidden

write wrote written

bear bore born

tear tore torn

wear wore worn

am / is was been

are were been

do / does did done

go went gone

lie lay lain

must must

can could

shall should

给 原谅 看见 骑（车、马） 躲藏 咬 禁止；不许 书写 忍受 撕破 穿、戴（衣帽等） 是 是 做 去 躺；卧 情态动词的过去式 必须 能够；会 应当

will would 将；会

 

第二篇：英语过去式,过去分词

原形 过去式 过去分词

be was/were been

bear bore borne

beat beat beaten, beat

become became become

begin began begun

bend bent bent

bet bet bet

bind bound bound

bite bit bitten

bleed bled bled

blow blew blown

break broke broken

bring brought brought

build built built

burn burned, burnt burned, burnt

burst burst burst

buy bought bought

cast cast cast

catch caught caught

choose chose chosen

原形 过去式 过去分词

come came come

show showed shown, showed

shut shut shut

sing sang sung

sink sank, sunk sunk

sit sat sat

sleep slept slept

sow sowed sown, sowed

speak spoke spoken

spread spread spread

stand stood stood

steal stole stolen

stick stuck stuck

swear swore sworn

swim swam swum

take took taken

teach taught taught

tear tore torn

tell told told

think thought thought

原形 过去式 过去分词

throw threw thrown

understand understood understood

undertake undertook undertaken

upset upset upset

wake woke, waked woken, waked

wear wore worn

win won won

write wrote written

cost cost cost

cut cut cut

deal dealt dealt

dig dug dug

do did done

draw drew drawn

drink drank drunk

drive drove driven

eat ate eaten

fall fell fallen

feed fed fed

feel felt felt

fight fought fought

原形 过去式 过去分词

find found found

fly flew flown

forbid forbade forbidden

forecast forecast forecast

forget forgot forgotten

forgive forgave forgiven

freeze froze frozen

get got got

give gave given

go went gone

grow grew grown

hang hanged, hung hanged, hung

have had had

hear heard heard

hide hid hidden

hit hit hit

hold held held

hurt hurt hurt

keep kept kept

know knew known

原形 过去式 过去分词

lay laid laid

lead led led

leave left left

lend lent lent

let let let

lie lay lain

light lit, lighted lit, lighted

lose lost lost

make made made

动词过去式和过去分词法则

（一）、不规则动词过去式和过去分词

动词的过去式和过去分词是初中英语教学中的重点，而有些动词的不规则变化是这些重点中的难点，但这些不规则变化也不是毫无规律可循的。现将初中英语中一些常用的不规则动词变化介绍如下。

一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词，结尾字母一般是t或d。如：

cut-cut-cut, hit-hit-hit, put-put-put, cost-cost-cost, let-let-let, shut-shut-shut, set-set-set, hurt-hurt-hurt, spread-spread-spread

特殊：动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致，read-read-read，但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。

二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如：

come-came-come, become-became-become, run-ran-run, overcome-overcame-overcome

三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如：

1. 把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如：

lend-lent-lent, spend-spent-spent, send-sent-sent

2. 改变单词中间元音字母。如：

sit-sat-sat, win-won-won, shine-shone-shone, hold-held-held

3. 以eep结尾的动词，把eep改为ept。如：

keep-kept-kept, sleep-slept-slept, sweep-swept-swept

4. 过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如：

buy-bought-bought, fight-fought-fought, think-thought-thought, bring-brought-brought, teach-taught-taught, catch-caught-caught

5. 有的以ay结尾的动词，在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如： say-said-said, lay-laid-laid, pay-paid-paid

6. 另有一些其它形式的变化。如：

have-had-had, learn-learnt-learnt, leave-left-left, lose-lost-lost, make-made-made, meet-met-met, feel-felt-felt

四、有些动词原形中含有字母i，在过去式中变i为a，在过去分词中变i为u。如：

五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词，在变成过去式时，通常把元音字母变成e，在变成过去分词时，通常只在词尾加n。如：

blow- blew- blown, draw-drew-drawn, grow-grew-grown, throw-threw-thrown, know-knew-known

六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en，变成以en结尾的单词。如： rise-rose-risen, give-gave-given, take-took-taken, fall-fell-fallen, drive-drove-driven, eat-ate-eaten

特殊： write-wrote-written, speak-spoke-spoken, ride-rode-ridden, get-got-gotten

（二）、动词过去式和过去分词的变化规则

动词过去式和过去分词有规则变化和不规则变化两种。

1) 规则变化

情况 例词 读音与说明

动词原形 过去式 过去分词

一般在动词原形后加-ed look

call

open

need looked

called

opened

needed looked [lukt]

called [kC:ld]

opened [5EupEnd]

needed [ni:did] ①-ed在清辅音音素后

发音为〔t〕，在浊辅音后发音为〔d〕，在元音后发音也为[d] ②-ed在〔t]、〔d〕

后发音为[id]

③但fix的过去式和过去

分词x不双写，为fixed.

以-e结尾的动词加-d move

phone

hope

agree moved

phoned

hoped

agreed moved [mu:vd]

phoned [fEund]

hoped [hEupt]

agreed [E5^ri:d]

以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，

再加-ed study

carry

try studied

studied

carried studied [5stQdid]

carried [5kArid]

tried [traid]

以原音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed play

enjoy

stay played

enjoyed

stayed played [pleid]

enjoyed [in5dVCid]

stayed [steid]

末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop 赞

plan

fit stopped

planned

fitted stopped [stCpt]

planned [plAnd]

fitted [5fitid]

以-r音节结尾的词，双写r字母，

再加-ed prefer

refer preferred

referred preferred [prI`f:d]

referred [ri5fE:]

2) 不规则变化

英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则，可分为五种情况。

1．动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。

例：

原形 过去式 过去分词

cut（切）

hit（打）

cast（扔）

hurt（伤害）

put（放）

let（让）

shut（关）

cost（花费）

set（放）

rid（清除） cut

hit

cast

hurt

put

let

shut

cost

set

rid cut

hit

cast

hurt

put

let

shut

cost

set

rid

2．过去式与过去分词完全同形。 例：

原形 过去式 过去分词 find（找到）

pay（支付）

leave（离开）

lend（借出）

meet（遇见）

keep（保持）

lose（丢失）

teach（教）

sit（坐）

lead（引导）

win（赢）除） found

paid

left

lent

met

kept

lost

taught

sat

led

won found

paid

left

lent

met

kept

lost

taught

sat

led

won

3．动词原形与过去分词同形

例：

原形 过去式 过去分词

come（来）

run（跑）

become（成为） came

ran

became come

run

become

4．动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同。 例：

原形 过去式 过去分词

give（给）

fly（飞）

drink（喝）

see（看见）

go（去）

know（知道）

wear（穿）

speak（说） gave

flew

drank

saw

went

knew

wore

spoke given

flown

drunk

seen

gone

known

worn

spoken

5．过去式和过去分词有两种形式

例：

原形 过去式 过去分词

burn（燃烧） burned

burnt burned

burnt

learn（学习） learned

learnt learned

learnt

smell（闻） smelled

smelt smelled

smelt

spell （拼写） spelled

spelt spelled

spelt

shine （照射） shined

shone shined

shone

leap （跳） leaped

leapt leaped

leapt

提示

a. beat的过去式与原形同形：

比：beat（打击） beat（过去式） beaten（过去分词） b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同

比：lie lied, lied（说谎）

lay, lain（躺，位于）

c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种，含义不同

比：hang hanged, hanged（处绞刑）

hung, hung(挂，吊)

d. welcome（欢迎）一词是规则动词，不可误用为不规则动词 比：welcome welcomed, welcomed（正）

welcome, welcome（误）

e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词

比：hit（打） hit, hit（正）

hitted, hitted（误）

6 现在分词的变化规则

规则 动词原形 现在分词及发音

一般在动词原形词尾加-ing，-ing发音为 [iN] go

push

play

carry going [5^EuiN]

pushing [5puFiN]

playing [pleiiN]

carrying [5kAriiN]

以不发音的e结尾的动词，先去掉e,再加-ing take

write

leave taking [5teikiN]

writing [5raitiN]

leaving [5li:viN]

重读闭音节结尾的动词，如果词尾只有一个辅音字母，要将该末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写该辅音字母，再加-ed stop

stop

fit

begin

forget cutting [5kQtiN]

stopping [5stCpiN]

fitting [5fitiN]

beginning [bi5^iniN]forgetting [fE5^etiN]

以ie结尾的动词，要把ie改为y，再加-ing lie

die

tie lying [5laiiN]

dying [5daiiN]

tying [5taiiN

（三）、不规则动词过去式和过去分词归纳

A. 原形与过去式和过去分词完全相同.

cost----cost----cost cut----cut----cut put----put----put

let----let----let set----set----set hit----hit----hit

shut----shut----shut hurt---hurt----hurt read---read----read 读音 /e/

lie---lied---lied 说谎 lay---laid---laid 放置，下蛋

lay--- lain 躺下，位于，平放

eg. The hens don’t _______eggs during such cold weather.

She _____ her books on the table. ____

B. 过去式与过去分词完全相同

1. 过去式和过去分词中含有ought, aught, 读音是〔 :t〕

bright----brought----brought think----thought----thought buy----bought----bought catch----caught----caught teach ---- taught ----taught

2. 动词原形中的e为o，变成过去式和过去分词。

get----got----got sell----sold----sold tell----told----told

3. 动词原形中i为a, … sit----sat----sat spit----spat----spat

4. 动词原形中i为o, … win----won----won shine----shone/ shined----shone / shined

5. 动词原形中an为oo, … stand----stood---stood understand----understood----understood

6. 动词原形中的ay为ai,… say----said----said pay----paid----paid

7. a）动词原形中的d为t,… send----sent----sent lend----lent----lent spend----spent----spent build----built----built

b ) 动词原形最后一个字母改为t , … smell----smelt----smelt lose----lost----lost c ) 动词原形后加一个字母t, … learn----learnt----learnt mean----meant----meant 读音/e/

d ) 动词原形中的ee去掉一个字母e, 然后在词尾加t. 字母e发音/e/

feel----felt----felt sleep----slept----slept sweep---swept----swept

keep---- kept----- kept

其它meet----met----met have----had----had hold----held----held make----made----made dig----dug----dug hear----heard----heard find----found----found hang----hung ----hung

C.原型与过去分词相同

come----came----come run----ran----run become----became----become

D. 原形，过去式， 和 过去分词完全不同

1. 把动词原形中i改为a变成过去式，改成u变成过去分词．

begin ---- began -----begun drink---drank----drunk ring----rang-----rung swim----swam----swum sing----sang----sung

2. 把动词原形中o改为e变成过去式，在原形词尾加n变成过去分词．

blow----blew----blown grow----grew----grown know---knew---known throw ---- threw ---- thrown fly ----flew /flu:/ ----flown ( 和以上相似)

3. 以下动词的过去分词都以en结尾，故把它们分为一类．

a ) 把动词原形中i改为o变成过去式，在词尾加n变成过去分词．

drive----drove----driven rise---rose---risen write---wrote---written (双写t ) ride----rode----ridden (双写d )

b ) 把动词原形中ea改为o, 在词尾加e变成过去式，在过去式后加n变成过去分词． speak----spoke----spoken steal----stole----stolen break----broke----broken

c ) 把动词原形中的个别字母或字母组合改为o变成过去式, 在过去式后加n变成过去分词．

wake----woke----woken freeze----froze----frozen

choose----chose----chosen forget----forgot----forgotten （双写t，加en ）

d) 其它过去分词以en结尾的动词

eat----ate----eaten beat---- beat ---- beaten fall----fell----fallen give----gave----given see----saw----seen take----took----taken

mistake---- mistook----- mistaken hide----hid----hidden （双写d ） E. 没有过去分词的动词

can ----- could － may---- might － shall---- should－ will ---- would －

其它

am, is ---- was----- been are-----were----- been do-----did----- done

draw-----drew----- drawn／ :／ go-----went----- gone show----showed----shown wear--- wore ---- worn

不规则动词的过去式

不规则动词的过去式是同学们学习的重点，也是一个难点。同学们应通过不规则动词的动词原形和它们的过去式找出其变化规律，总结如下：

1. 把动词原形中的o改为a，变成过去式。过去分词不变．如：

become—became, come—came

2．把动词原形中的i改为a，变成过去式。如：

begin—began，drink—drank，give—gave，ring—rang，sing—sang，sit—sat，swim—swam ，sink—sank，

3．把重读开音节中的i改为o，变成过去式。如：

drive—drove，ride—rode，shine—shone，win—won，write—wrote

4．动词原形中的e改为o，变成过去式。如：

get—got，forget—forgot

5．动词原形中的eep改为ept，变成过去式。如：

keep—kept，sleep—slept，sweep—swept

6. 动词原形中的an改为oo，变成过去式。如：

stand—stood，understand—understood

7．改动词原形中的aw ／ow为ew，变成过去式。如：

draw—drew，grow—grew，know—knew，throw—threw（动词show除外，show—showed）

8．动词原形中的eak改为oke，变成过去式。如：

break—broke，speak—spoke

9．动词原形中的ell改为old，变成过去式。如：

sell—sold，tell—told

10．以ought和aught结尾，且读音是〔 :t〕的过去式。如：

bring—brought，buy—bought，think—thought，catch—caught，teach—taught

11．以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。如：

can—could，shall—should，will—would

12．在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式，并且发生音变。如：

hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕， say〔sei〕—said〔sed〕，

mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕， dream—dreamt 〔dremt〕

13．动词的过去式与动词原形一样。如：

cut—cut, hit—hit, hurt—hurt, let—let，must—must，

put—put，read—read〔red〕，set—set

14. 动词的过去式有两种形式。如：

dream—dreamed/ dreamt learn—learnt/ learned shine—shone/ shined

smell—smelt/ smelled wake—woke/ waked

15．不符合上述规律的动词过去式。如：

am，is—was，are—were，build—built，do—did，eat—ate，fall—fell，

feel—felt，find—found，fly—flew，go—went，have ／has— had，hide—hid，

hold—held，lay—laid，leave—left，lie—lay，lose—lost，make—made，may—

might，run—ran，see—saw， smell—smelt，take—took，wake—woke，

wear—wore