一 命题分析

当前全球社会的发展使得英语应用文写作能力的重要性日益凸显，这种能力不仅能体现出一个人的基本语言水平，同时也为日后从事现代化办公、顺利开展社会交流尤其是国际交流打下良好的基础。因此，考研作文中增加应用文写作部分不仅是大势所趋，同时也体现出了我国教育者的良苦用心。

相对于大作文来说，应用文的写作还是比较容易把握的。但是在大约15分钟的时间内理解题意并迅速将内容要点扩充成一篇100字的短文也是有较大难度的，考生不仅能够恰当地根据给定情境迅速成文，而且也要有较高的语言能力。因此，在平时的准备过程中，考生要重视这类文体的准备工作，全面了解和掌握各种应用文体的写作格式、方法和特点，尤其是要熟悉各类文体的基本结构和套话。

应用文文体的种类非常丰富，大纲中规定的就包括私人和公务信函、备忘录、摘要、报告等。鉴于考试的要求和考场的条件限制、文章的长度以及文体的应用广泛程度而言，我们认为各类信件、便笺、以及备忘录在研究生考试中的考查几率比较大。其中信件种类繁多、内容广泛，因此最为重要；便笺的写法与格式都和信件相类似；备忘录在公务和商业往来中使用较多，但也可能在考生平时的校园生活中出现。因此，本书将以信件、便笺和备忘录的写法为重点详加阐述。

应用文的实际用途决定了其语言应以简洁明了为基本原则，并不要求复杂多变。应用文一般需要开门见山，行文一开始就要尽快地表达主要意思；文章要求逻辑清晰、有条有理，目标明确；语气要恰如其分，尤其在公文信函中，一定要注意语言的正式和礼貌，遵循交际原则；最后还要注意细节，确保事件、数字、日期等信息的准确传达和标点符号的正确使用。 下面以20xx年的大纲样题为例来具体分析考研应用短文的出题思路和应对步骤：

Directions: You are preparing for an English test and are in need of some reference books. Write a letter to the sales department of a bookstore to ask for:

1) detailed information about the books you want,

2) methods of payment,

3) time and way of delivery.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2. Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. You do not need to write the address. 通过这个题目可以看出，考研的应用文题目是以日常生活的场景为基础的。我们有以下的“三步走”策略：

第一、判断题型。在阅读完题干以后，考生应迅速判断这是一篇请求信，此时准备充分的考生应在脑海中以最快速度搜索此类信件的写作框架、流程、常用套语和词汇等（本书中提供了详实的模版供考生参考）。

第二、重新读题，并用铅笔划出题目中包含的重点信息。这些信息都是考生在写文章的时候必须包含在其中的。本题的重点信息包括preparing for an English test, in need of some reference books, a letter to the sales department of a book store, detailed information, payment, delivery等。

第三、扩充成文并仔细检查。在扩充细节的时候，考生要结合平时的生活积累、发挥充分的想象力。如在本题中，考生应思考的细节包括准备何种英语考试，需要哪些参考书，对参考书的质量和内容有什么要求，付款方式是现金还是信用卡，运送方式是EMS、邮局还是其他等等。在这些方面考生可以自由发挥，但是注意要符合我们的生活常识和日常规律。在完成文章以后，一定要花大约1分钟的时间重新检查一遍信件的结构是否完整、所要求的细节是否全部包含在内、以及是否有拼写错误等。

三、题型解析

（1）书信

书信是人类交流的一种最古老也是最重要的方式之一，对于人类的交际具有重要的意义。大学生无论在何时何地，都需要因为各种原因而给相关人士写信，来表达自己的动机、目的和愿望等。书信分为私人信函和公务信函。私人信函属于非正式文体，一般是指与熟人、家人和朋友之间进行日常事务交流的信件。私人信件用词可以比较随意，但是语气要真挚。 公务信件则属于正式文体，通常用于商务和外贸场合，以及公司与公司之间、与客户之间的业务往来等。其中最实用也是最重要的包括辞职信、请求信、建议信、求职信、道歉信、感谢信、申请信、投诉信、询问信、邀请信和祝贺信等。

尽管书信类别多样，但是我们一定要牢记，所有的书信都是“万变不离其宗”，只要掌握其格式、框架和基本语气，就能够写出一篇质量上乘的书信出来。

书信的写作格式

当前的书信格式主要有英式和美式两种。英式结构即缩进式结构，属于比较传统的结构，即每一段的第一行都向里缩进4-8个字符，且所有段落的缩进距离必须保持一致；称呼顶格写，落款则在中间偏右的位置。美式结构则是齐头式结构，在商务英语中比较流行，尤其普遍运用于电子邮件的交流中，其特点是所有段落的第一行都顶格写，段与段之间空一行，另外称呼、落款等也都顶格写。具体如下所示：

缩进式：

齐头式：

书信的结构：

英文的书信结构通常包括6个组成部分：信头（heading，包括寄信人地址和日期）、信内地址（inside address，指收信人地址）、称呼（salutation）、正文（body）、结束语（complimentary）、签名（signature），有时候还包括附言（postscript）和附件（attachment）。具体如下图所示：

一般的考研作文由于篇幅所限，只要求考生在书信中包括称呼、正文、结束语和签名四个部分，因此本章也重点讨论这四个部分需要注意的一些问题。

称呼：

称呼是书信的开头部分，是写信人对收信人的称谓。无论是私人信件、还是公务信件，一般都以“Dear”作为开头引出收信人的姓名和头衔。称呼的后面一般都要求加逗号。 在私人信件中，如果写信人与收信人关系比较亲密，则称呼可以比较随意，一般都是“Dear”后面直接加人名，如“Dear Anna, Dear Tom”等；或者“Dear”后面加长辈的称呼，如“Dear Papa, Dear Aunt”；如果关系不是非常亲密，则要称呼对方的姓，写做“Dear Mr. Smith, Dear Mrs. Smith, Dear Miss Smith, Dear Ms Smith”。注意，在不知道女士的婚嫁状况的时候，宜用“Ms.”。

在公务信件中，一般的称呼格式是在收信人头衔后加姓，或者加收信人全名。要特别注意收信人的头衔。具体称呼方式及缩写如下：

男士：Mr.

女士：Mrs., Ms., Miss

教授/博士：Prof./Dr.

市长、法官、议员或其他高官：Hon. (Honorable，即“尊敬的”)

编辑：Editor

不知对方姓名：Dear Sir/Sirs, Dear Madam/Madams, Dear Sir or Madam, To Whom It May Concern

正文：

正文一般包括三个部分。第一部分是开头，需要开门见山地说明写信的原因和目的。如果是写给不认识的人，还要加上一个简单的自我介绍。如果是回信，还要说明何时收到对方关于什么内容的信。

第二部分是信的核心和主要内容，把开头提出的问题进行充分的说明和解释。

第三部分是信的结尾，通常以礼貌的祝福或者愿望来结束。如：

I am looking forward to your reply.

Please pass my best wishes to all your family.

结束语：

结束语是写信人对于收信人的谦称和致敬。

在私人信件中，一般可以用“Best wishes, Best regards, Best, Regards, Warmest Regards, Yours, Yours ever, Yours sincerely, Cordially”。如果是用于关系非常亲密的朋友或者亲人，则还可以用“Yours affectionately, Affectionately, Love, Lovingly, Cheers, Your devoted friend, Your loving son (daughter, nephew, niece, grandson, granddaughter, father, mother, husband, wife, etc.)”。

在公务信件中，一般可以用“Yours sincerely, yours faithfully, Yours truly, Yours respectfully, Yours gratefully, Yours cordially”等。

特别是在给一些团体和不知名的个人的正式信件中，除了以上结束语外还可以采用以下形式：Truly yours, Sincerely yours, Faithfully yours, etc.

英文信件结束语形式非常多，对于考生来说如果能够掌握各种情况下的不同结束语自然最好，但是对于应试来说，考生掌握一个“Yours sincerely”就可以以不变应万变，因为这个结束语普遍适用于私人和公务信件。

签名：

关于签名的注意点就是，考试中不允许考生留下自己的名字，只能用“Li Ming”这个名字。

邀请信 Invitation Letter

邀请信是写信人对收信人的一种盛情邀约。邀请信分为正式邀请信和非正式邀请信。非正式邀请用词比较随便；正式邀请信则是向收信人发出正式邀请，用语和格式均比较规范、严谨。 邀请信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：发出邀请；说明邀请对方做什么事；说明活动时间和地点；表达期待或感谢之情。

写作“三步走”：

说明邀请目的—>说明活动安排—>期待尽早回复

Tips:

信中要说明关于活动的详细信息，包括活动时间、地点、内容，有时需要说明参加活动的人员。语气要热情真挚，但不要强人所难。

Directions:

You are going to celebrate your 23 birthday with a big party. Write a letter to invite your friend Anne to the party. In the letter, please specify the time and the location, explain the activities, and express your wish for her attendance. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

rd

范文：

Dear Anne,

I wonder if there is any chance for your to come to my 23 birthday party at my house on this Saturday night, May the 8th. It would be my pleasure to share the important moments with you. In addition, since you are a fan of rock music, I am glad to tell you that I have invited our campus Rock’n’Roll band, the “Brainbreak”, to perform. There are also arrangements for dancing and cake-cutting, which I am sure you will thoroughly enjoy.

The dinner starts at 6 pm so that we can have a nice and long evening. I would love for you to attend, so please let me know your decision. Love,

Li Ming

译文：

亲爱的安：

不知你这周六（即5月8日）晚上是否能够来我家参加我的23岁生日派队？我非常想和你一起分享那些重要的时刻。此外，因为你是个摇滚乐歌迷，所以我也很高兴地告诉你，我还邀请到了我们的校园摇滚乐队“Brainbreak”来我的晚会演出。另外我还安排了舞会和切蛋糕等活动，相信你一定会玩得很开心。

晚饭将于6点开始，这样我们就能够享受一个漫长且愉快的夜晚。

我非常希望您能够光临我的晚会，请告知我你的决定。

谨上，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

fan: n. 歌迷，影迷，爱好者

rock music, Rock’n’Roll: 摇滚音乐 rd

arrangement: n. 安排

cake-cutting: n. 切蛋糕

thoroughly: adv. 十分地，彻底地

presence: n. 出席，到场

万能句型：

I wonder if there is any chance for your to come to?

It would be my pleasure to share the important moments with you.

I am glad to tell you that?

There are also arrangements for ? which I am sure you will thoroughly enjoy. The dinner starts at ? so that we can have a nice and long evening.

I would love for you to attend, so please let me know your decision.

道歉信 Letter of Apology

我们在工作或生活中，有时难免会犯一些错误，写封致歉信就显得很有必要。道歉信通常包括以下内容：表示歉意；道歉的原由；出现差错的原因；提出弥补措施；请求原谅。写道歉信的语言要诚挚，解释的理由要真实，不要显出丝毫的虚情假意。好的道歉信不仅会取得对方的谅解，还会增进彼此的感情。

写作“三步走”：

表示歉意—>说明具体原因、提出补救办法—>再次致歉、希望得到理解

Tips:

在写作过程中，尽可能提供比较合理的理由。如果违反生活常识将导致扣分。

在解释完原因后，尽量提供一个合适的补救办法，使行文更加完满。

（1）Directions:

You are invited to a dinner at a friend’s house, but you are not able to attend because of the preparation for a coming examination. Write a letter to your friends to express your apology, explain your reason, and suggest a meeting at another time. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Anne,

Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening.

Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot join you and your family, because I will be fully occupied then for an important exam coming the day after tomorrow. I feel terribly sorry for missing the chance of such a happy get-together, and I hope that all of you enjoy a good time. Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterward? If so, please don’t hesitate to drop me a line about your preferable date. I do long for a pleasant chat with you.

Please allow me to say sorry again.

Regards,

Li Ming

译文：

亲爱的安：

感谢你邀请我于明日晚上与你和你的家人共进午餐。可是，我非常遗憾地告诉你我无法赴约，因为我将忙于准备后天的一门重要考试。错过了这么一个欢乐的聚会我深感遗憾，我希望你们能度过一个愉快的时光。对了，在我考试后我们可以见一面么？如果可以的话请随时给我打电话，我非常期待能和你愉快地聊天。

请允许我再一次致歉。

您真诚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

occupy: v. 占用，占

get-together: n. 聚会，联欢会

hesitate: v. 犹豫，踌躇

drop sb. a line: 给某人打一个电话

preferable: adj. 更好的，更可取的

long for sth: 渴望

万能句型：

Thank you for your invitation to dinner at your home tomorrow evening. Unfortunately, it is much to my regret that I cannot?

I feel terribly sorry for missing the change of?

Is it possible for you and me to have a private meeting afterwards?

If so, please don’t hesitate to drop me a call about your preferable date. Please allow me to say sorry again.

辞职信 Letter of Resignation

现代人处在竞争非常激烈的大环境中。为了谋求更好的发展，有很多人，尤其是一些年轻人，辞职、跳槽的现象屡见不鲜。那么如何写辞职信呢？

写辞职信时要说明辞职原因，有时需说明离开的时间以给对方一个物色接替人选的时间，以免给所在单位造成不必要的麻烦。然后还要感谢对方曾经给过自己这样的工作机会。

写作“三步走”：

提出辞职—>说明原因，表示遗憾或感谢—>期盼回复

Tips:

在写作辞职信的时候语气一定要诚恳，尤其是要表达遗憾的心情，同时对于原雇主曾经给自己的这份工作机会表达感激之情。

（1） 20xx年真题

Directions:

Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Design & Fashion. But now you find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, and stating your reason(s). You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Mr. Wang,

I am writing to inform you of my intention of withdrawing from my current position in this magazine.

Though having worked here for merely two months, I, unfortunately, find that this job is quite different from my expectation. First of all, I have to say that my salary is far from satisfying, which barely sustains me in this expensive city. Moreover, so far I have never had the responsibility of any challenging task. I apologize in advance for any inconvenience it might bring to you.

Yours truly,

Li Ming

译文：

尊敬的王先生：

我给您写这封信是想辞去我目前在杂志中的职位。

尽管我在这里仅仅工作了两个月，但是我发现这份工作并不符合我的预期。首先，我的工资远远不能令人满意，使我在这昂贵的城市中生活艰难。此外，到目前为止，我没有机会负责任何具有挑战性的工作。

我为对此可能给您带来的不便致歉。

您真诚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

intention: n.意图, 目的

withdraw from: 离开，撤出，退出

merely: adv. 仅仅，只，不过

be far from：远远不及，远远不够

barely: adv. 刚刚，仅仅，几乎不能

sustain: vt. 支撑，撑住，维持，持续

have responsibility of sth: 负责某事

万能句型：

I am writing to inform you of?

Though having?, I, unfortunately, find that?

First of all? Moreover?

I apologize in advance for?

请求信 Letter of Request

请求信是对收信人提出请求，并希望对方满足该要求。写请求信的重点是要写清楚为什么要请求他人做某事，请求他人做某事的原因。

写请求信时首先要说明写作意图，一定要注意语气要礼貌，用词要规范；然后具体展开说明请求的原因；最后表示希望对方予以答复。

写作“三步走”：

介绍自己、提出请求—>说明原因及其它事项—>表达谢意、期盼答复

Tips:

在许多情况下，请求信是写给不认识的人或者机构，所以在信的开头可以做一下简单的自我介绍。同时，由于提出的请求往往都是需要麻烦别人的事情，所以要注意语气的礼貌程度，不要吝啬你的感谢。

（1） 20xx年真题

Directions:

You want to contribute to Project Hope by offering financial aid to a child in a remote area. Write a letter to the department concerned, asking them to help find a candidate. You should specify what kind of child you want to help and how you will carry out your plan.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

To Whom It May Concern,

My name is Li Ming, a college student of Peking University, and I am writing in the hope of your assistance to find a needy child for whom I may provide financial support.

First and foremost I would like to declare that I possess the financial ability to implement this plan owing to my decent income from part-time jobs. As to the candidate, I am hoping that he/she comes from an elementary school of the less developed areas of Western China, who is forced out of school. I would like to pay for his/her tuition fee and other school expenses until he/she graduates from university.

Thank you for your time.

Yours cordially,

Li Ming

译文：

有关负责人：

我叫李明，是北京大学的学生。我给您写这封信的目的是希望可以资助一名贫困学生，请您帮我物色一名合适的人选。

首先我想声明我有着实现这个计划的财政能力，因为我现在的兼职工作可以给我带来不菲的收入。至于具体的人选，我希望他/她是来自经济落后的中国西部地区的一名小学生，因为贫困原因而被迫退学。我将支付该学生的学费和其它杂费等，直至其大学毕业。

感谢您的时间和耐心。

您真挚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

in the hope of: 希望

assistance: n. 帮助，协助

first and foremost: 首先

declare: v. 声明

possess: v. 拥有

implement: v. 实施

owe to: 因为，由于

decent income: 不错的收入

as to: 至于

less developed: 欠发达的

万能句型：

I am writing in the hope of your assistance to? Thank you for your time.

建议信 Letter of Advice

建议信是对收信人就某一问题提出看法、建议或忠告。建议信不同于投诉信，所以写信人一定要注意礼貌当先。建议信一般包括以下内容：首先说明写信的目的，其次，在肯定优点的基础上提出自己的建议或看法（否则别人以为你在投诉，而不是在提建议），最后表达希望采纳建议。

写作“三步走”：

自我介绍、说明目的—>委婉地提出建议及改进措施，或提出忠告—>礼貌地总结或期盼回复

Tips:

提建议毕竟不是投诉，所以语言一定要委婉、礼貌，顾及他人感情。在提出缺点之前，最好先肯定其优点

（1） 20xx年真题

Directions:

Write a litter to your university library, making suggestions for improving its service.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

To Whom It May Concern,

As a student of this university, I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always. Meanwhile, I feel that it would be beneficial to express my views concerning the quality of the library service. In the first place, I find that most keyboards of the library computers are in poor operation, which brings much inconvenience to the users. I would also recommend the library to improve the efficiency of purchasing new books and

subscribing to academic journals. Last but not least, the study rooms need to be furnished with a better lighting system.

I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

译文：

有关负责人：

作为本校学生，首先我想利用这个机会对于您一直以来的帮助表示感谢。同时，我也想对图书馆的服务提出一些建议，相信将有助于服务的提高。

首先，我发现图书馆电脑的大部分键盘都有操作上的问题，给用户带来很多不便。我也想建议图书馆提高购买新书和定购学术期刊的工作效率。最后，自习教室的照明系统也需要进一步的改进。

我希望您能够认真考虑我的建议。

您真诚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

take the opportunity to: 利用这个机会

beneficial: adj.有益的

keyboard: n. 键盘

purchase: v. 购买

subscribe to: 定购

be furnished with: 安装有

lighting system: 照明系统

万能句型：

I would like to take the opportunity to express my appreciation for your kind assistance as always.

I feel that it would be beneficial to express my views concerning?

In the first place?I would also recommend?Last but not least?

I hope that you take my suggestions into serious consideration.

求职信 Cover Letter of Job Application

求职信也是申请信的一种，是写信人就某一职位向收信人提出请求。求职信一般包括以下几个方面的内容：首先要阐述清楚招聘信息的来源，以及所申请的职位；其次简述个人信息；然后进一步强调自己的能力，表达抱负，并请求给予面试机会；最后提出自己的希望，希望得到面试的机会，并且告诉对方你的联系方式。

求职信的语言属于正式用语，在写作过程中一定要注意用词简洁准确，语气礼貌自信，态度不卑不亢，所给信息具有一定的可信度。尤其是在强调自身经历和优点的时候，更应把握尺度。

写作“三步走”：

自我介绍，说明求职目的—>展示个人能力、经历及求职动机—>希望面试机会、表示感谢

Tips:

由于篇幅较短，而申请者需要尽可能地向用人单位推销自己，所以在求职信中宜笼统概说自己的求学和工作经历，突出一至两个吸引眼球的闪光点即可。

（1）Directions:

You are a graduate student of X University, and you are interested in the position of business manager that is advertised on the newspaper. Write a letter to the company stating the reasons for your application, your qualification for the position, and asking for an interview.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to apply for the position of business manager you advertised in yesterday’s China Daily.

To briefly introduce myself, I am a graduate student of Peking University majoring in business administration, and expect graduation this June. Not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also possess the rich experience of assisting management staff of several renowned international companies, such as KPMG and Microsoft. My interactive personal skills and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post. For further information, please refer to my attached resume.

I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest convenience.

Yours sincerely,

Li Ming

译文：

尊敬的先生或女士：

我写信希望申请您昨天在《中国日报》上刊登的招聘业务经理的广告。

首先请允许我简单介绍一下我自己，我是北京大学工商管理专业的大四学生，将于今年六月份毕业。我不仅学习成绩优秀，而且还有着在国际大公司担任管理人员助手的丰富经历，

比如毕马威公司、微软公司等。我的个人交际能力和团队精神也非常适合这个职位。如果你需要进一步的信息，请参考附上的简历。

如果你能在方便之时尽早给我安排一次面试，我将不胜感激。

您真诚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

business administration: 工商管理

renowned: adj. 著名的

interactive: adj. 相互的

teamwork spirit: 团队精神

appropriate: adj. 适当的

refer to: 参考

attach: v. 附上

arrange: v. 安排

万能句型：

I am writing to apply for the position of?you advertised in yesterday’s?

To briefly introduce myself, I am a gradute student of ? University majoring in ? and expect graduation this June.

Not only have I excellent academic performance in all courses, I also possess the rich experience of?

My interactive personal skills and teamwork spirit are also appropriate for this post.

I would be grateful if you could arrange an interview at your earliest convenience.

感谢信 Letter of Thanks

感谢信通常带有浓厚的感情色彩，具有比较浓的人情味。感谢信通常分为正式感谢信和非正式感谢信，前者行文得体、语气礼貌谦恭、用词正式正规；后者语气则更加亲切热情。

写作“三步走”：

表达感谢之情并说明原因—>提及自己曾受到对方的帮助—>再次感谢并表达回报愿望。

Tips:

表达的感激之情要恰到好处，不要过于夸张。

建议在结尾尽量表达希望回报对方的愿望，显得更加真诚。

Directions:

You have just come back from a student exchange program in the U.S. Write a letter to your host family in New York to express your gratitude for their hospitality, describe the help they gave you, offer to repay their help and invite them to visit you.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Mr. and Mrs. Smith,

I am now back to China safe and sound. In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to you and your lovely children for your kindness and hospitality to host me when I was in New York. Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory. I do hope that your whole family pay a visit to China in future, so that I could have the opportunity to repay your friendship. I assure you that you would enjoy visiting here as I did at your home.

I feel obliged to thank you once more.

Love,

Li Ming

译文：

亲爱的史密斯先生和夫人：

我现在安全健康地回到了中国。通过这封信，我想表达我对于您二位和你们可爱的孩子们衷心的感谢，感谢您对我纽约之行的热情招待。你们的慷慨和对我的关心使我此行更加愉快，而我的第一次美国之行也因此变成了美好的回忆。

我非常希望你们能在将来访问中国，让我有机会回报你们的友谊，我保证你们会像我在纽约那样度过一个愉快的时光。

再一次向你们表示感谢。

爱你们的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

safe and sound: 安全健康

convey: v. 传达，转达

heartfelt: adj. 衷心的，真心实意的

generous: adj. 大方的，慷慨的

tender: adj. 温柔的

transform sth into sth: 把...变成 ?

pay a visit: 访问

repay: 报答，偿还

万能句型：

In this letter I would like to convey my heartfelt thanks to?

Your generous help and tender care made me feel warly welcomed and transformed my first American trip into a beautiful memory.

I assure you that you would enjoy visitng here as I did at your home.

I feel obliged to thank you once more.

申请信 Application Letter

申请信有很多种，有求职申请信、有加入某组织的申请信、有报考申请信、有申请学位或留学申请信，等等。无论哪一种申请信，一般都包括这样几个部分：申请的原因，具备的条件，恳请申请单位考虑自己的申请，并表示谢意，期望回复。

写作“三步走”：

开宗明义说明申请原因—>展开原因—>期盼回复、表示感谢

Tips:

语言言简意赅，语气诚恳礼貌。

要避免不符合事实的浮夸。

如果是留学申请和奖学金申请，要注意提供以下信息：写明申请学校和专业，简介个人履历，索取对方学校相关信息，附上个人经历等材料。

Directions:

Being a volunteer for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games is your strong wish. Write a letter to the Beijing Olympic Committee to state your application to be a volunteer, describe your qualifications, and express the appreciation of an interview. You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to express my great interest in the “Olympic Volunteer Recruitment” launched recently by the Beijing Olympic Committee, and I would like to apply as a qualified candidate.

As I am an English major, my fluency in both Mandarin and English, as well as my basic command of French, guarantees that I meet the language requirement for the various volunteer positions. More importantly, I have been an enthusiastic participant in many international exchange programs—which are reflected in my attached resume—and therefore, I believe my communication skills make me competent for such a post.

Should you grant me an interview, I would be most grateful.

Yours truly

Li Ming

译文：

尊敬的先生或女士：

我对北京奥组委最近启动的“奥运会志愿者招募”活动十分感兴趣，我认为我是一个合格的人选并且在此向您推荐我自己。

作为一个英语专业的学生，我的汉语和英语都十分流利，而且还会基本法语，因此我非常符合各种志愿者职位的语言要求。更重要的是，我一直以来积极热情地参与各种国际交流项目—这些经历都详细地反映在附件我的简历中—因此，我相信我的交流能力使我能够胜任这个职位。

如果您给我一个面试的机会，我将感激不尽。

您真诚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

launch: v. 开始，启动

fluency: n. 流利

Mandarin: n. 普通话

guarantee: v. 保证

meet the requirement: 符合要求

enthusiastic: adj. 热情的

reflect: v. 反映

be competent for: 胜任（某项工作）

万能句型：

I am writing to express my great interest in?

I would like to apply as a qualified candidate.

As I am an X major?

Should you grant me an interview, I would be most grateful.

投诉信 Letter of Complaint

在人们的生活中经常会发生一些事情，比如消费利益受损、正常生活和工作受到干扰等等令人伤脑筋的事情，有时写封投诉信不失为一个解决的办法。

投诉信通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明投诉的原因并表示遗憾；实事求是地阐述问题发生的经过，切记不要夸大其词；指出问题引起的后果；提出批评及处理的意见或敦促对方采取措施或者提出所希望的赔偿以及补救方式。

写作“三步走”：

说明投诉问题—>描述具体情况—>期待解决方案

Tips:

写投诉信时语气要冷静、郑重、克制，不必过于礼貌。但也要就事论事，不能进行人身攻击。同时，在描述问题时尽量采用被动句式，使描述更加客观合理。

Directions:

You bought a digital camera in a store last week, and you have found that there is something wrong with it. Write a letter to the store manager to explain the problem, express your complaints and suggest a solution.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Manager,

I venture to write to complain about the quality of the digital camera I bought last Friday at your store. During the five days the camera has been in my possession, problems have emerged one after another. For one thing, the screen is always black, making the camera no different from a traditional one. For another, the battery is distressing as it supports the camera’s operation for only two hours. Therefore, I wish to exchange it for another camera or declare a refund. I will appreciate it if my problem receives due attention.

Yours,

Li Ming

译文：

尊敬的经理：

我冒昧给你写这封信，投诉我上周五在您商店里购买的数码相机的质量问题。购买至今的五天中，各种问题一个接一个地出现。一方面，相继屏幕总是黑屏，我们使用起来仿佛和传统相机没有区别。另一方面，电池的状况也不尽人意，只能支持相机工作两个小时。因此，我希望可以换一个相机，否则我要求退款。我希望这个问题能够得到足够的重视。 谨上，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

venture: v. 冒昧，斗胆

in sb’s possession: 拥有

emerge: v. 显现出来

one after another: 一个接一个

make sth no different from sth: 使?和?没有区别

distressing: adj. 令人苦恼的，使人痛苦的

万能句型：

I venture to write to complain about?

For one thing? For another?

Therefore, I wish to exchange it for another ? or I declare a refund. 询问信 Letter of Inquiry

询问信的主要目的是寻求所需信息，通常包括以下几个方面的内容：首先表明写作意图，说明写这封信的目的是要寻求什么样的信息；然后就某一具体问题进行询问；最后表明获取信息的急切心情，可以提供联系方式以便收信人与你联系，并表达你的感谢之情。

写作“三步走”：

自我介绍、说明目的—>具体询问事宜—>表示感谢、期盼回复

Tips:

询问信的语气通常比较正式、和缓，要充分表达感激之情。同时，相比较语气直接的疑问句，用一些能够起到提问作用的陈述句更佳。

Directions:

You and your family are planning for a trip to Hong Kong during the May holiday. Write a letter to a travel agency to explain your travel plans, ask for relevant information, and express your gratitude for a reply.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead. Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Sir or Madam,

I am writing to ask for information about your agency’s Hong Kong travel pachages

stthfor the May holiday. My family and I plan to travel there from May 1 to 7, in which

period we would like to visit most of the scenic spots and shopping centers. A DIY program would be preferable. It would be greatly appreciated if you could provide us with yoru travel packages and their corresponding price per person, covering both hotel and a return ticket.

I would be grateful to receive a prompt reply as the holiday is approaching. Yours cordially,

Li Ming

译文：

尊敬的先生或女士：

我想询问一下贵旅行社在五一假期的香港旅行计划方面的信息。我和我的家人计划在5月1日至7日去香港旅游，期间我们希望能够访问大部分的旅游景点和购物中心。我比较倾向于一个自助旅游的计划。如果您给为我提供一份具体的旅游计划及人均价格、其中包括旅馆和往返机票，我将不胜感激。

由于假期临近，希望您能够尽快回复，谢谢。

您真诚的，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

scenic spot: 景点

DIY: do it yourself, 自己动手的，自助的

corresponding: adj. 相应的

return ticket: 往返机票

approach: v. 接近，靠近

万能句型：

I am writing to ask for information about?

A DIY program would be preferable.

It would be greatly appreciated if you could provide us with your travel packages and their corresponding price per person, covering both hotel and a return ticket. I would be grateful to receive a prompt reply.

祝贺信 Congratulation Letter

祝贺信是社交中的一种礼仪性信函。通常包括以下几个方面的内容：说明祝贺事由，表达热烈、诚挚的祝贺；围绕祝贺事件表述贺喜内容；表达美好祝福。

写作“三步走”：

说明事由并表达自己衷心的祝贺—>展开评论事件、赞扬收信人—>再次表达良好祝愿

Tips:

在写作主要内容的时候，可以重点赞扬一下当事人的优秀能力和取得成就的原因、并展望他将来的美好发展前景等。

Directions:

Your friend Jason is elected as the Chairman of the Students’ Union of your university. Write a letter to congratulate him, state the reason for his success, and express your best wishes and encouragement.

You should write about 100 words on ANSWER SHEET 2.

Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter. Use “Li Ming” instead.

Do not write the address.

范文：

Dear Jason,

I am much delighted to learn that you have been elected the Chairman of our University Students’ Union. This is a special and happy moment for you and I am very proud of your achievement.

The Students’ Union plays an essential role in our campus life. Managing and leveraging such an organization not only poses a great challenge to you, but will also fundamentally enhance your ability comprehensively. I believe this position will be a new beginning, and a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career.

Please accept my most sincere congratulations!

Best wishes,

Li Ming

译文：

亲爱的詹生：

听说你被选为学生会主席，我感到非常高兴。对你来说，这是一个特殊的时刻、一个高兴的时刻，我为你的成就而感到骄傲。

学生会在我们的校园生活中起到了重要的作用，要管理和权衡这个组织对于你提出了一个很大的挑战，同时也将综合地提高你的各方面能力。我相信这是一个新的开始，这个机会将使你拥抱一个充实的生活、并为你将来的灿烂未来打下基础。

请接受我最诚挚的祝福！

衷心的祝愿，

李明

闪光词汇及词组：

delighted: adj. 高兴的，欣喜的

achievement: n. 成就，功绩

essential: 本质的，基本的，重要的

play a ? role: 起??的作用

leverage: v. 衡量，利用

pose a challenge to: 给??带来挑战

fundamentally: adv. 根本上

enhance: v. 提高，增强

comprehensive: adj. 全面的

embrace: v. 拥抱

pave the way for: 为...铺平道路

brilliant: adj. 灿烂的

万能句型：

I am much delighted to learn that?

This is a special and happy moment for you and I am very proud of your achievement. not only? but also?

I believe this position will be a new beginning, a chance for you to embrace a fuller life and pave the way for a brilliant future career.

Please accept my most sincere congratulations!