雅思地图作文 KRISTY

地图题写作在很多书上都没有系统的指导，它有别于数据图，构思方面没有数据图那么复杂

地图题分两种，一种为地理变迁题，一种为选址题。首先我们来看地理变迁题，它描述的是一个地方（多为一个城镇）在一段时间的发展变化。如20xx年9月A 类 TASK 1， 剑1TEST 4。

地图题注意要点：

1 地图的起始点；

2 方向很重要；

3 认真阅读并尽量记住图中已有的信息

考察点：

1 方向方位路线顺序的把握；

2 相对位置关系的描述和辨别；

3 表方位的词或者词组主要是介词的用法；

4 图中关键词的定位

时态

如果地图题反映的是一个地方在过去的一段时间的变化，文章用一般过去时。如果地图题反映的是一个地方在将来一段时间的变化趋势，文章用一般将来时或表“估计”的词汇。如果地图题反映的是一个地方从过去到现在的变化，可用现完成时。

如：现在停车场改成了一个剧院。

The car park has been removed and replaced by a theatre.

城镇A的家庭数量从19xx年到20xx年将翻一番。

The number of homes in Town A is likely to double

(is likely to= is predicted to /is estimated to/is projected to/is expected to ) 又可为：

It is likely that the number of homes in Town A will double.

(it is likely that = it is predicted/estimated/projected/ expected that…..)

1．读题：读图标的含义，哪个是铁路，哪个是村庄等等都读明白了。要看清哪个是公路，哪个是铁路。有没有交叉点等等。

2．确定写的顺序，是按变化写还是按位置写，还是两个的综合体。

3．如果是要求描述变化，把明显的变化先划出，最好用词在图旁边描述，确定自己要写几点。

4．句型多用被动语态。

5．时态使用一般现在时或者过去时,也可能现在完成时。表示将来的时间可以用下列表达：be predicted/be expected to do…

一般不用将来时，用上面的结构。

6．记得用关联的词和句子：

It is obvious/notable/noticeable

It is easy to locate/to find that…

It can be seen from the graph that…

1

雅思地图作文 KRISTY

地图题最好的补充资料就是听力题里面的地图题的单词

细节变化

地图每个细节变化都要提到，不要忽视一个细节

语态

地图题用被动语态

如： 20xx年在城镇A 新建了一个医院：A new hospital was established in Town A in 2000.

地图题的书写顺序：时间顺序和空间顺序

如20xx年9月A 类TASK 1

The map shows the development of the village of Kelsbey between 1780 and 2000.

这篇文章大体框架按时间顺序，BODY 分三段分别描述：1780年村庄，1860村庄， 20xx年村庄。对每一年的描述，如1780年村庄，我们要注意按方位顺序来描述，否则文章会出现混乱。这就需要考生在考前对方位词进行总结。地图题的方位我们说东西南北，不说成左右。

A 在B 的东方/西方/南方/北方

A is/ lies/ is located/ is situated in/on / to the east/west/south/north of B

(in 表A 在B 内部， ON 表A 和B接壤，TO 表A 和B 分开)

A 在B 内部的某个部位

A is in the eastern/ southern/ western/ northern part of B.

A在B 西北部的120 千米处

A lies 120 km to the northwest of B.

A 在B…..角落

A is at/in the south-eastern corner of B ( at 表示A 在B 外部， in表A 在B 内部)

在河流或道路的南边/北边等

On the south/southern side of the river

On both sides of the road

On the other side

临近马路的地区

The area adjacent to/ near /next to/ just off the road

在道路或河流的最南端

At the southern end of the river

A 在B 的对面

A is on the opposite side of B

A is opposite B

A 在B 东部的边界上（A 在B外部）

A is on the eastern border of B

A 在B 东部边缘上 （A 在B 内部）

A is on/ along the eastern edge of B

位于：A is located/situated/sited in/on/to the east of B.

A lies in …the east of B.

2

雅思地图作文 KRISTY

中间：

A is in center/middle/central area of B

紧挨着：

A is near /next to/close to/adjacent to B.

对面

A is opposite B.

A is across B

A is on the opposite side of B.

在路边

A is just off the main road.

A parallel B

A intersect B

northbound, eastbound

建设：

construct, build, set up, establish, add

transform, convert

“变化”词汇

地图题描述的是一个地区的变化，那么“变化”词汇必须过关。

分析发现，变化包括两种：图形原有事物的改变，图形新添事物。 我们先看图形原有事物的改变：

原有事物可说成：

The original/previous/former garden

原有事物尺寸上变大/变小：

The size of the library has been enlarged/extended/halved/reduced by half 原有事物在数量上增多或减少：

The number of homes has increased/risen/grown/reduced /decreased/dropped/fallen/

doubled/ tripled/ quadrupled to 500.

原有事物没了：

The farms completely disappeared/were removed.

原有事物被改为：

A becomes B

A is transformed/reconstructed/redeveloped/converted/changed/turned over to/ into B

A is replaced /substituted by B = A gives way to B

图形新添事物

A newly-built road

A new car park was built/established/set up/constructed/completed and opened in the middle of B

A new IT centre has been added to the library

The year 2000 saw two additions to the land: a pond in the northern part and a vegetable garden on the opposite side.

3

雅思地图作文 KRISTY

地图题第二类为选址题 如剑5 TEST 3 TASK 1

The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket. 为一个城镇的超市选址， 有两个位置 S1 和S2 供选择。选址题并不难写，主要注意两点： 位置描述

优缺点

这篇文章我们BODY段可分两段，分别陈述：

S1的位置及位置相应的优缺点

S2的位置及位置相应的优缺点

其中表位置的方位词已在前文有总结，

同理， 2006 年2 月A 类Task 1: The diagram below shows the problem of flooding in a UK town and two possible solutions

我们BODY 段可分两段，分别陈述：

Solution 1 的解决方案和相应的优缺点

Solution 2 的解决方案和相应的优缺点

其中，解决方案实际还是要涉及一些方位词。

总之，对于地理变迁题，建议考生考前要充分的掌握上述五点，勤加练习，选址题则把握位置和优缺点两个要害，地图题的写作就会明朗化。

地图题在雅思小作文写作中可以说考的频次非常低，顶多一年一次而已。纵观历次雅思地图题写作，我们不难发现无非就是“两位置方案的二选一”或“某处事物新旧变迁的过程描述”。不管“二选一”还是“过程描述”，请注意，一定不要忘了要结合地图中所体现的“人文与地理环境”进行相互的“比较与对比”且体现“比对结果”；而这里的比对，前者是“横向比对”，强调各自“优缺点比对”，后者则是“纵向比对”，强调“新旧变化”。解题思路有了，那么剩下的是语言上的事情了。 在语言上，请你注意以下几个方面：首先，平时要多积累表示“方位、比对、变化”等方面的词汇和句子表达；其次，要注意时态的选择，“二选一”型常用一般现在时态，而“过程描述”型则要视题目而定，往往综合运用一般过去时态、一般现在时态和现在完成时态；最后，要注意语态的把握，要主动与被动相互结合运用，记住适当被动能给考官好印象，但切忌出现人称代词。

4

雅思地图作文 KRISTY

The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons

where relevant.

The picture illustrates/demonstrates/compares two possible locations for a supermarket (which is) planned in the town of Garlsdon with a population of 65,000. One proposed site is in the countryside, northwest of Gralsdon. One advantage for this plan is that it is close to the residential areas in the north, therefore the local inhabitants have an easy access to it. What is more, the place is twelve kilometres away from Hindon where 10,000 residents live. These people are potential customers for this market.

Another proposed location is located/situated in the centre of Garlsdon ( There is no traffic in this zone). One advantage for this place is that local residents/inhabitants/people are among the potentail customers. What is more, it is 25 km northwest Cransdon( population 29,000) and northeast Brandson. For these reason, there will be a better prospect for business and more potential customers.

The map reveals two possible locations of a supermarket for town of Garlsdon with a population of 65,000.

It can seen from the picture that S1(one suggested location) is a cite/place in the countryside which is closer to the town of Hindon where approximately 1000 local residents live and which is 12 kilometers to the northwest of Garlsdon. Also noteworthy is the fact that this cite is located near mainroad, therefore, potential customers have an easy access to this place by car.

5

雅思地图作文 KRISTY

2) The map below is of the town of Garlsdon. A new supermarket (S) is planned for the town. The map shows two possible sites for the supermarket.

The first potential location ( ____) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off _____to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is in the ______and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it _____ to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway line linking the towns to Cransdon (25 km to the south-east), a potentially_____ number of shoppers would also be able to travel by ____.

________, the suggested location, _____, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents. Theorically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, _____as the central area is a _____ zone, cars would be ____ to park and access would be difficult.

_______, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer ____ advantages.

The first potential location (S1) is outside the town itself, and is sited just off the main road to the town of Hindon, lying 12 kms to the north-west. This site is in the countryside and so would be able to accommodate a lot of car parking. This would make it accessable to shoppers from both Hindon and Garlsdon who could travel by car. As it is also close to the railway line linking the who towns to Cransdon (25 km to the south-east), a potentially large number of shoppers would also be able to travel by train.

In contrast, the suggested location, S2, is right in the town centre, which would be good for local residents. Theorically the store could be accessed by road or rail from the surrounding towns, including Bransdon, but as the central area is a no-traffic zone, cars would be unable to park and access would be difficult.

Overall, neither site is appropriate for all the towns, but for customers in Cransdon, Hindon and Garlsdon, the out-of-town site (S1) would probably offer more advantages.

6