重点句型语法总结

[一]用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等，该句型广泛分布于各册教材中：

1. Who’s your English teacher? Mr. Carter.

2. What’s he like? He’s tall and strong.

3. Is she quiet? No, she isn’t. She is very active.

4. Is she strict? Yes, she is, but she’s very kind.

5. What day is it today? It’s Wednesday.

6. What’s your favourite fruit/food…?

7. They’re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/…

8. When is your birthday? It’s in May.

9. My birthday is in June. Uncle Bill’s birthday is in June, too.

10. Is her birthday in June? Yes, it is.

11. What’s the date?

12.This is Zhang Peng.

13. Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital.

14. How tall are you？ I’m 164 cm tall.

15. You are shorter than me.

16. You’re 4 cm taller than me.

17. How heavy are you? I’m 48 kg.

18. I’m thinner than you, and shorter.

19. What’s the matter with you? My throat is sore.

20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah?

[二] there be句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。句型基本结构为：There is+ 可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。There are+可数名词复数+地点。该句型主要分布在第五上的Unit 5和Unit 6中，如：

1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.

2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.

3. Is there a forest in the park? Yes, there is.

4. Is there a river? No, there isn’t.

5. Are there any pandas in the mountains? No, there aren’t.

6. Are there any fish in the rivers? Yes, there are.

[三] 一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为，或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为：主语+行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时，要在动词原形后面加s或es，其他人称作主语时则用动词原形，在问句及否定句中需要用助动词do或does。这种句型通常有一些标志词，如：usually often sometimes never always等。该句型主要分布在第五上Uni t2&3，五下Unit1&2, 六上Unit4,5,6, 六下Unit2中。如： 五上:

1. What do you have on Thursdays? We have English, math and science on Thursdays.

2. What do you do on Saturdays? I watch TV on Saturdays.

3. I do my homework.

4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays? We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.

5. I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes.

五下:

1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.

2. When do you get up? I usually get up at 12:00 noon.

3. What do you do on the weekend? Usually I watch TV and go shopping.

4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.

5. Which season do you like best? I like winter best.

6. Why do you like summer/winter?

六上:

1. How do you go to school, Sarah?

2. Usually I go to school on foot. Sometimes I go by bike.

3. I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.

4. Does she teach math? Yes, she does.

5. Does she teach English？ No, she doesn’t. She teaches math.

6. What does your mother do? What does your father do?

7. Where does she work? She works in a car company.

8. How does she go to work? She goes to work by bus.

9. Where does the rain come from? It comes from the clouds.

10. Where does the cloud come from? It comes from the vapour.

11. Where does the vapour come from? It comes from the water in the river.

12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.

13. How do you do that?

六下:

1. My nose hurts.

2. How do you feel? I feel sick. How does Amy feel?

3. You look so happy. You look sad today.

[四] 现在进行时句型：表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件，或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。标志词是：now 也常用在Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为：be动词（am, is, are）+动词现在分词(v. ing)。该句型主要分布在五下Unit4, 5, 6中。如：

1. What are you doing? I’m doing the dishes. I’m reading a book.

2. Grandpa is writing a letter. Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.

3. He is writing an e-mail in the study.

3. What is it doing? It’s eating bananas.

4. What is she doing? She’s jumping.

5. What are they doing? They’re swimming. They’re climbing trees.

6. Are you eating lunch? No, we aren’t.

7. Are they eating the honey? Yes, they are.

8. Is he playing chess? Yes, he is.

9. Is she counting insects? No, she isn’t.

[五] 一般过去时句型：表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。句型基本结构为：主语+动词过去式+其他。标志词通常是：yesterday, last week , last year 等，在问句与否定句中要用助动词did。该句型分布在六下Unit3&4中。如：

1. What did you do last weekend? I played football.

2. Did you help them clean their room? Yes, I did.

3. What did you do yesterday? I went fishing.

4. Did you read book? Yes, I did.

5. Did you clean your room? No, I didn’t.

6. Where did you go on your holiday? I went to Xinjiang.

7. What did you do there? I sang and danced with my new friends.

8. How did you go there？ I went by train.

此外，一般过去时也可用来表示客气的询问。如：

Book3 Unit5, Book 5 Unit3中的：What would you like for lunch? I’d like some…

[六] 情态动词can引导的句型：表示有能力做某事，can后面的动词要用原形。该句型主要分布在五上Unit4和六上Unit1中。如：

五上: 1. What can you do? I can sweep the floor. I can cook the meals.

2. I can water the flowers.

3. Can you make the bed? No, I can’t.

4. Can you use a computer? Yes, I can.

六上: How can I get to Zhongshan Park? You can go by the No. 15 bus.

[七] 将来时：我们的教材中出现过两种表示将来时的句型，即：will和be going to句型，主要以be going to句型为主，表示将要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要结构：am/is/are + going to + v.原形。标志词有：tomorrow next weekend this morning this weekend next… be going to

六上:

1. What are you going to do this weekend? I am going to visit my grandparents.

2. Where are you going? I am going to the cinema.

3. How is he going to Beijing? He is going to Beijing by plane.

4. When is she going to school? She is going there at 9:00 am.

 

第二篇：PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结与分析

PEP小学英语重点句型语法总结与分析

三年级起点的人教版PEP教材在小学阶段共有8册书，其涉及的重要语法知识主要有7种：to be句型、there be句型、一般现在时句型、现在进行时句型、一般过去时句型、情态动词can引导的句型、be going to句型等。现以5——8册书为例，简要分析如下：

[一] to be句型：用于介绍个人情况如姓名、健康状况、身份、国籍、家庭成员、朋友、职业等，描述地点、颜色、四季、日期、星期几等，该句型广泛分布于各册教材中，其中5——8册的句型主要有：

1. Who’s your English teacher?   Mr. Carter.  
2. What’s he like?  He’s tall and strong.
3. Is she quiet? No, she isn’t.  She is very active.
4. Is she strict?  Yes, she is, but she’s very kind.
5. What day is it today? It’s Wednesday.
6. What’s your favourite fruit/food…? 
7. They’re sweet/ sour/ salty/ healthy/…
8. When is your birthday? It’s in May.
9. My birthday is in June.  Uncle Bill’s birthday is in June, too.
10. Is her birthday in June?  Yes, it is.   
11. What’s the date? 
12.This is Zhang Peng.
13. Where is the cinema, please? It’s next to the hospital.
14. How tall are you？  I’m 164 cm tall.    
15. You are shorter than me.
16.You’re 4 cm taller than me.  
17.How heavy are you?  I’m 48 kg.
18. I’m thinner than you, and shorter.
19. What’s the matter with you?   My throat is sore.
20. How are you, Liu Yun / Sarah?

[二] there be句型：表示存在，即：“某处有某物”或“某时有某事”。句型基本结构为：There is+ 可数名词单数或不可数名词+时间或地点。There are+可数名词复数+地点。该句型主要分布在第5册的Unit 5和Unit 6中，如：

1. There are two bedrooms, a kitchen, a bathroom and a living room.
2. There is a mirror, a bed and a big closet.
3. Is there a forest in the park?  Yes, there is.
4. Is there a river?  No, there isn’t.
5. Are there any pandas in the mountains?  No, there aren’t.
6. Are there any fish in the rivers?   Yes, there are.

[三] 一般现在时句型：表示习惯性的动作或行为，或现在存在着的状况。句型基本结构为：主语+行为动词+其他。当主语是第三人称单数时，要在动词原形后面加s或es，其他人称作主语时则用动词原形，在问句及否定句中需要用助动词do或does。这种句型通常有一些标志词，如：usually  often   sometimes  never  always等。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit2&3，第6册Unit1&2, 第7册Unit4,5,6, 第8册Unit2中。如：

Book5:
1. What do you have on Thursdays?  We have English, math and science on Thursdays.   
2. What do you do on Saturdays?  I watch TV on Saturdays.
3. I do my homework.
4. What do you have for lunch on Mondays?  We have tomatoes, tofu and fish.
5. I like fruit. But I don’t like grapes.

Book6:
1. When do you eat dinner? I eat dinner at 7:00 in the evening.
2. When do you get up?  I usually get up at 12:00 noon.
3. What do you do on the weekend?  Usually I watch TV and go shopping.
4. Sometimes I visit my grandparents. I often play football. Sometimes I go hiking.
5. Which season do you like best? I like winter best.
6. Why do you like summer/winter?

Book7:
1. How do you go to school, Sarah? 
2. Usually I go to school on foot.  Sometimes I go by bike.
3. I like collecting stamps. He likes collecting stamps, too.
4. Does she teach math?  Yes, she does.
5. Does she teach English？ No, she doesn’t.  She teaches math.
6. What does your mother do?  What does your father do?
7. Where does she work?  She works in a car company.
8. How does she go to work?  She goes to work by bus.
9. Where does the rain come from?  It comes from the clouds.
10. Where does the cloud come from?  It comes from the vapour.
11. Where does the vapour come from?   It comes from the water in the river.
12. The sun shines and the water becomes vapour.
13. How do you do that? 

Book8:
1. My nose hurts.
2. How do you feel?    I feel sick.   How does Amy feel?
3. You look so happy.  You look sad today. 

[四] 现在进行时句型：表示说话时正在进行的动作或事件，或在短期内正在进行的动作或存在的情况。标志词是：now 也常用在Look! Listen!等后面。句型主要结构为：be动词（am, is, are）+动词现在分词(v. ing)。该句型主要分布在第6册Unit4, 5, 6中。如：

1. What are you doing?  I’m doing the dishes.   I’m reading a book.
2. Grandpa is writing a letter.  Brother is doing homework. Mom is cooking dinner in the kitchen.
3. He is writing an e-mail in the study.
3. What is it doing ?  It’s eating bananas.  
4. What is she doing ?   She’s jumping.  
5. What are they doing ?  They’re swimming.  They’ re climbing trees.
6. Are you eating lunch?   No, we aren’t.
7. Are they eating the honey?  Yes, they are.
8. Is he playing chess?  Yes, he is. 
9. Is she counting insects?  No, she isn’t.

[五] 一般过去时句型：表示过去发生的而现在已经结束的事件、动作或情况。句型基本结构为：主语+动词过去式+其他。标志词通常是：yesterday, last week ,  last year 等，在问句与否定句中要用助动词did。该句型分布在第8册Unit3&4中。如：

1.What did you do last weekend?   I played football.
2. Did you help them clean their room?  Yes, I did.
3.What did you do yesterday?   I went fishing.
4. Did you read book?   Yes, I did.
5. Did you clean your room?  No, I didn’t.
6.Where did you go on your holiday?  I went to Xinjiang.
7. What did you do there?  I sang and danced with my new friends.
8. How did you go there？  I went by train.

此外，一般过去时也可用来表示客气的询问。如：
Book3 Unit5, Book 5 Unit3中的：What would you like for lunch? I’d like some…

[六] 情态动词can引导的句型：表示有能力做某事，can后面的动词要用原形。该句型主要分布在第5册Unit4和第7册Unit1中。如：

Book4: 1. What can you do?   I can sweep the floor.   I can cook the meals.
2. I can water the flowers.    
3. Can you make the bed?    No, I can’t. 
4. Can you use a computer?    Yes, I can.

Book7:  How can I get to Zhongshan Park?  You can go by the No. 15 bus.

[七] 将来时：我们的教材中出现过两种表示将来时的句型，即：will和be going to句型，主要以be going to句型为主，表示将要做某事或打算做某事。句型主要结构：am/is/are + going to + v.原形。标志词有：tomorrow  next weekend  this morning  this weekend  next…be going to
Book7:
1. What are you going to do this weekend?   I am going to visit my grandparents.
2. Where are you going?   I am going to the cinema.
3. How is he going to Beijing?    He is going to Beijing by plane.
4. When is she going to Xiashan?    She is going to go there at 9:00 am.

 

第三篇：初二语文组期中考试分析与总结反思

本次初二期中语文试题基本符合中考题型模式，强调基础，更注重能力，是一份较有质量的试卷。就学生答题情况，分析如下：

一、学生的基础、基本语言运用能力还需花大力气、有针对性地夯实、提高。 基础部分的字词题学生的得分率并不高，主要原因在于学生对“次第”这个词较陌生，“簌簌”字形较难，以后应该以专题练习的方式加强重点词注音、字形的复习巩固。默写题应该说出的很常规，都是能够预料到的重点句默写，但学生的答题习惯不好，对这类题型的高要求认识不足，基本会背，但默写准确度不高。对于此类题型，在巩固背诵的前提下，狠抓默写准确度，特别是同音异形字和形近字、难写字的强调。以专题练习的形式不断强调、巩固，以保证送分的题目不丢分。 语言运用题失分率较高的是语段病句修改题和材料探究题。学生普遍不能正确理解解题方法，答案随意性较大，抓不住得分要点。这与题型特点和平时的同类型题训练较少有很大关系。今后将重点训练常见的几种语言运用题型，讲清解题的思路与方法，提高得分率。 另外值得注意的是第6小题材料探究题属于新题型，重在引导学生自主质疑、得出探究结果。

二、学生的综合阅读能力仍非常欠缺，亟待加强方法指导和系统训练。

首先，古文阅读的得分率不高，只有50%几，主要是因为学生词解、翻译遗忘较厉害，内容又把握不准。对古文的复习，还是要突出强调重点，划出重点词解、重点句翻译，列出问题进行落实。另外还需特别强调古文知识迁移能力的训练。

其次，古诗文阅读是最近列入中考考试范围的新题型，应该加强诗词教学的系统性。引起重视，通过专题练习、复习，提高学生的诗词理解鉴赏能力。

再次，现代文阅读部分学生的审题、析题、到文中去找答案、组织答案的习惯、方法、能力十分欠缺。比如第14、15题，答案非常浅显，只要会到文中去找答案，肯定能得分。再比如第17题，很多学生理解不了题意，其实题目也很简单。很多学生的答案要么答非所问，要么答案空泛，缺乏组织，没有条理，抓不住要点。鉴于此，十分有必要多做题，多考试，通过练习强调方法、习惯，提高解题得分的能力。

三、作文书写整体依然较差，卷面不够整洁，内容缺乏深刻性，语言空泛、贫乏，随意性较大。这反映出学生的书写态度不端正，不懂得要立意深刻，语言积累少，不善于联想、想象。究其原因：一是态度随意，二是不善于积累语言，三是作文训练少而不得法。今后将重点强调书写、卷面，加强作文的专题指导，加大主题训练量，并持之以恒、常抓不懈。

总体来看，这次考试暴露出了初二语文在教与学等方面的诸多问题，关键是抓落实，在初二集体备课时，将加强讨论研究，分工合作，以专题形式逐一加以改正、提升。本学期重点落实字词、默写和文言文阅读，夯实基础。阅读能力突出审题、析题能力培养，作文重点强调书写，其他方面兼顾。