传销 pyramid scheme信用评级下调 credit downgrade实得工资 take-home income虚拟超市 virtual supermarket高档车 premium car欺骗消费者 play foul with buyers大众旅游 mass tourism灰市 gray market预付费卡 prepaid cards恩格尔系数 Engle coefficient次级债务 subordinate debt饥饿营销 hunger marketing亚洲“单一货币”single currency滞销蔬菜 unsalable vegetables黄金投资者 gold bugmembership fee（会员费）windfall（意外横财）饥饿营销 hunger marketing恶意营销 smear campaignCredit rating（信用评级）debtor（债务人）NASDAQ（纳斯达克）、DOW（道琼斯综合指数）和Standard and Poor’s Composite Index（标准普尔综合指数）nose-dive（暴跌）信用评级 integrity rating信用扩张 credit expansionhi-tech marketing strategy（高科技营销策略）。网络虚拟财产 online virtual assetsreal economy（实体经济）fictitious economy（虚拟经济）real bargain（便宜货）virtual money虚拟钱币ceiling price表示“最高价”，a farm production ceiling意思是“农业生产的最高产量” default（违约）cut deficit/deficit reduction（削减赤字）spending cuts（削减开支）debt crisis（债务危机）package agreement（一揽子协议赔偿金上限 cap on liabilitydivorce calculator离婚计算器” online gadget（网络小工具）civil partnerships（民事伴侣关系late-life divorce（熟年离婚）。prenuptial agreement（婚前协议）division

of property（财产分割）custody and visitation of children（子女监护与探视）、spousal support（配偶赡养费）以及child support（子女抚养费）divorce settlement（离婚协议书） insurance premium(人寿保险费) cargo premium（货物保险费）at a premium，是非常珍贵的mass market cars，指的就是大众市场的车型了。license-plate lottery（车牌摇号）car rental（汽车租赁）green car（新能源汽车）零排放车辆 zero-emission vehicle跨界车 crossover vehicle非公路用车 off-highway vehicleby fair means or foul（不择手段，千方百计）price cheating就是“价格欺诈pricing inconsistency（价格不一致）misleading price tags（误导性的价签） curb inflation （抑制通货膨胀）academic cheating（学术造假）价格违法行为 price violatio价格垄断 price-fixingfake resume（虚假简历）relaxed inner controls（内部管理松散）academic rank（职称）hidden rule（潜规则）。package tour/group tour/organized tour（跟团旅游）。individual tourist/ free walker（自由行游客）文化旅游业 cultural tourism“自驾游”（self-driving travel/tour）self-organized expedition就是“自助游” 分时度假 timeshareecotourism生态旅游rural tourism “乡村旅游” eco-farming（生态农业）parallel import水货小众市场 niche markettake-home income即“实得工资gross income（全额工资）financial crisis（经济危机）shrink（缩水）price hikes（物

价上涨）housing spending（家庭支出）living standard（生活标准）economic stagnation（经济疲软vicious cycle（恶性循环）inflationary pressure（通胀压力）。financial crisis（经济危机）绩效工资 merit pay工资协商制度 negotiation system on wagesstate-owned monopolies（国有垄断企业）cap and trade（限额交易、总量管制和交易Pegged Exchange Rate（盯住汇率制）公积金上限 threshold of housing fundprepaid deposit（预付定金）money laundering（洗钱）、tax evasion（偷税漏税）和bribery（行贿受贿）。issuers of prepaid cards（购物卡发行方）anonymous cards（不记名购物卡card scalpers（卡贩子、购物卡黄牛）灰色收入 off-the-books income地下钱庄 illegal bankfinancial fraud”（金融诈骗）。Minimum living allowances（最低生活保障）low-income groups（低收入群体）basic subsistence costs（基本生活费用支出）expenditure-income ratio（消费支出比例）“subsistence allowance”指的是“最低生活保障” gap in work wages（工资收入差距）income divide和income disparity，consumer price index（CPI，消费物价指数）cut back on meals and clothes（节衣缩食）housing loan repayments（房贷）housing space per capita（人均居住面积）收入分配 income distributionwage arrears（拖欠工资），two-fold increase in pay指的就是工资“翻番” 税级 tax brackets晒工资 wages online exposurefunded

debt（长期债务）还未偿还的债outstanding debt未到期的债务叫unmatured debt。loan defaulter: 拖欠贷款者Mortgage抵押贷款lending quota就是指“贷款额度” credit expansion（信贷扩张）deposit-reserve ratio（存款准备金率）。export quota（出口配额）购买力平价 purchasing power parity通胀恐慌 inflation fearsuppress rising commodity prices就是“抑制物价上涨”的意思tame/arrest rising pricesboosting food supplies and other necessities（增加食品和其它必需品的供应），increasing subsidies for low-income families（提高对低收入家庭的补贴）taking more targeted policies to maintain market order（出台更多有针对性的政策维护市场秩序）。现金补贴 cash subsidy信贷紧缩 credit squeeze有抵押债务 secured debt外债余额 outstanding external debt暂停偿债 debt standstillnonperforming loans不良贷款overdue loans（逾期贷款），mortgage loans（按揭贷款）。added value（附加值）smear campaign（恶意营销）commercial exploitation（商业炒作）商业间谍活动 industrial espionagefloating exchange rates（浮动汇率制）。emerging economies（新兴经济体）industrialized nations （工业化国家）exchange rate fluctuations（汇率波动）bilateral trade（双边贸易总额）reserve currency（储备货币）foreign exchange reserve（外汇储备）subprime crisis（次贷危机）dollar assets（美元资产）monetary policy（货币政策）稳

健的货币政策 prudent monetary policy货币操纵国 currency manipulatordollar trap就是指“美元陷阱” measure of money supply就是指“货币供应量” primary sector（第一产业）industrial sector（第二产业）tertiary /service sector（第三产业）proactive fiscal policy（积极的财政政策）moderately loose monetary policy（适度宽松的货币政策）stimulus package（经济刺激政策）evitalization scheme for 10 major industries（十大产业振兴规划）risk control（风险控制），以及macro-regulation（宏观调控），人民币“跨境结算” cross-border settlemen t 加大货币发行量 quantitative easing fixed-asset investment（固定资产投资）unsalable products（积压产品）Unmarketable、poorselling等词也可以用来表示“滞销” each link in distribution（每个流通环节）buying spree（收购潮）heavy loss（巨大损失）oversupply of vegetables（蔬菜供应量加大）战略性支柱产业 strategic pillar industryeading industry（主导产业）、pillar industry（支柱产业），以及basic industry（基础产业）产业结构调整 industrial restructuring产业生态系统 industry eco-systememerging market（新兴市场）、emerging technology（新兴技术）。Emerging industry（新兴工业）renminbi clearing bank就是指“人民币清算行” offshore yuan center（人民币离岸中心）Clearing bank（清算银行）QFII全称为Qualified Foreign Institutional Investors，是“合格

的境外机构投资者”的简称反补贴税 countervailing dutiesone-off consumption就是指“一次性消费” one-off payment（一次性付款）purchasing on a sudden impulse（冲动购买/即兴购买）industry insider（业内人士）luxury goods buyers（奢侈品买家）potential consumers（潜在消费者恐慌购买 panic buying强迫购物 forced shopping消费热潮 spending spreegold bug黄金投资者金本位”就是gold standard strong momentum（强劲势头）middle income trap就是指“中等收入陷阱” wide income inequality（收入差距增大）high environmental costs（较高的环境代价）inadequate domestic spending（国内消费不足）sustainable pattern（可持续发展模式dollar dominance（美元的主导地位）micro-credit company就是“小额贷款公司” private capital（民间资本）financial market（金融市场）credit market（信贷市场）red chip就是“红筹股” junk bond（垃圾股）bank run就是“银行挤兑” liquidity crunch（资金紧缩）demand for withdrawals（取款需求）credit order（信用秩序）。bank panic（银行恐慌systemic banking crisis（系统性银行危机），从而引起economic recession（经济衰退）。migrant buyers就是指“外地购房者Property-purchasing limitations就是“限购” second- and third-tier cities（二、三线城市）first-tier cities（一线城市）blueprint homes或blueprint housing就是“图纸房” simple blueprints of the project（简单的

户型图）capital in the presale（预售款）forward-delivery housing（期房）advance fees（预付款）。direct-sale store就是指“直营店factory shop（厂家直销店）。chain store（连锁店）、flagship store（旗舰店）、franchised store（特许经营店）、pro shop（专业店）、exclusive shop（专卖店）outlet store（“工厂店”） outstanding external debt指的是“外债余额external debt即“外债” short term external debt（短期外债）trade credit（贸易信贷）和trade finance（贸易融资）dark pool就是“暗池交易” angel investment（天使投资）alternative trading systems（替代交易系统）institutional investor（机构投资者）off-market liquidity（场外资金）consolidated tape（证券买卖汇总记录带）over-the-counter transactions（场外交易）。fall on debut新股破发initial offer price（发行价）IPO（Initial Public Offering，首次公开募股) would-be buyers/drivers（潜在购车者）self-owned brand就是“自主品牌” intellectual property（知识产权）brand awareness（品牌意识）brand effect（品牌效应）brand familiarity（品牌知名度）product placement（植入式广告price-rigging（操纵价格）monopoly profit（垄断利润）。anti-competition behavior（反竞争行为）speculation and hoarding（囤积居奇price collusion（合谋定价）digital film就是数字电影circular-screen movie（环幕电影idle land闲置土地idle money（闲散资金，游资）vacant property（闲置地产）。

land hoarding（囤地）institutional financing（机构融资）microcredit programs（小额信贷项目）recoverable garbage（可回收垃圾）e-waste就是“电子垃圾”或“电子废弃物” brand copycats山寨trademark infringement（商标侵权行为）quality goods（正品）business class就是“商务舱” economy class / tourist class（经济舱first class（头等舱）high-end travelers（高端乘客）premium economy class（豪华经济舱）tablet PC就是平板电脑touch screen（触摸屏）Netbook（上网本）family-run management就是指“家族式管理private enterprises（民营企业）。core family（核心家庭，retaliatory price rebound就是“报复性反弹” retaliatory duty/tariff（报复性关税）low-rent housing（廉租房）affordable housing（经济适用房）social security housing（社会保障房）。interest rate hike cycle就是指“加息周期” imported inflation（输入型通胀）property bubble（资产泡沫）speculative demands（投机性需求），inflation fear（通胀恐慌）local government-backed investment units（地方融资平台）inflation expectations（通胀预期）hard landing指“硬着陆soft landing（软着陆）cooling measures in the property market（房地产市场降温措施）higher down payment requirements for first-time buyers（提高首次购房者的首付比例nationwide suspension of loan lending for third home purchases（全面叫停第三套房贷）International Comparison Program（国际比较项

目，简称ICP purchasing power parity就是“购买力平价”，简写为PPP低通货膨胀（low inflation）、急剧通货膨胀（galloping inflation）和恶性通货膨胀（hyperinflation）需求拉动通胀”（demand-pull inflation）、“成本推动通胀”（cost-push inflation）和“固有型通货膨胀”（built-in inflation）。trade imbalance就是“贸易失衡” trade surplus（贸易顺差）trade deficit（贸易逆差）trade balance贸易差额global economic imbalances（全球经济失衡currency policies（货币政策）, trade protectionism（贸易保护主义）financial regulatory reform（金融监管改革）global settlement currency就是“国际结算货币” invoicing currency（计价货币）freely convertible currency（可自由兑换货币）hard currency（硬货币weak currency（软货币）speculative demands就是指“投机性需求” rigid demand（刚性需求）elastic demand（弹性需求）abnormal demand（反常需求、异常需求）。speculation and profiteering（投机倒把）pricing regime定价机制household wealth就是指“家庭财富” household debt（家庭负债property-for-residency scheme（购房移民计划）Capital Investment Entrant Scheme（资本投资者入境计划property bubble（地产泡沫）commercial residential houses（商品房）budget homes（廉价房rent-to-buy program（先租后买项目）wage formation mechanism指的是“工资形成机制” low-end labor market即“低端劳动力市场” migrant

worker（农民工）labor shortage（用工荒）time-honored brand老字号net bargainer就是指“网络议价师factory prices（出厂价）bargain basement（减价商品部）bargain hunter（减价品搜寻者，专买便宜货的人）bargain book（特价图书，廉价图书）。net capital的意思是“净资本” working/circulating capital（流动资金）fixed capital（固定资本）human capital（人力资本）physical capital（物质资本）trade rows就是“贸易纠纷” anti-dumping duties（反倾销税）anti-subsidies investigation（反补贴调查）、special protectionist tariffs（特保关税）、export control（出口管制）super online banking system“超级网银interbank transfers（跨行转账interbank balance inquiries（跨行余额查询）home banking（家居银行）local government-backed investment units就是我们说的“地方融资平台financing vehicles（融资工具）MTN（medium term note，中期票据corporate bonds（企业债券） carbon exchange centers就是指“碳交易中心carbon emissions（碳排放energy consumption（能耗）administrative measures（行政措施market-based means（市场手段）housing vacancy rate就是指“住房空置率investors-owners（投资业主）field testing（现场测试house inspector就是“验房师” standards regulated by the government（政府制定的标准tail-raising factor就是指“翘尾因素”，也称为carryover effects（滞后影响）PMI，purchase

management index（采购经理人指数）PPI，producer price index（工业品出场价格指数）luxury goods market（奢侈品市场）stress test指的是“压力测试” stress tolerance（抗压能力）group-buying就是指“团购” bulk discounts（大幅优惠ultra-discounted tickets（超低价优惠券）到discount coupon（打折券）、rebate coupon（现金券/抵金券）cents-off coupons，那就只是“象征性优惠” bogus company的意思是“皮包公司：a bogus document（伪造的文件）；bogus bills（假钞）assigned stores（指定商店）forced shopping（强迫购物）local interbank withdrawal(本地跨行取款)。remote deposit（异地存款）。withdrawal slip（取款单automated teller machineATMindividual income tax threshold（个税起征点），double dip就是指“二次探底”，也称为double dip recession（双谷衰退）weather insurance就是指“天气保险endowment insurance（养老保险）indemnificatory apartment的意思是“保障性住房price-fixed housing（限价房）、public rental housing（公共租赁住房/公租房）rebuild shanty areas（对棚户区进行改造）trial sites（试点）transgression（不良记录信息）preferential interest rate（优惠利率）favorable first-home loans（首套房优惠贷款）credit registry（贷款记录）market capitalization（市值总额）urban competitiveness就是“城市竞争力”的意思economic growth rate（经济增长速度）livable city

（宜居城市）muted growth（缓慢增长）模式。collective contract即“集体合同labor disputes（劳资纠纷）cheap labor surplus（廉价劳动力过剩）countervailing duties就是“反补贴税” trade sanction（贸易制裁）hi-tech export control（高科技出口管制one-off revaluation就是“一次性重估调整” service outsourcing industry就是“服务外包行业” 信息技术外包服务”（Information Technology Outsourcing，简称ITO）业务流程外包服务”（Business Process Outsourcing，简称BPO）dual-currency card就是指“双币卡”， third-party payment platform（第三方支付平台）POSpoint of sales，销售点终端机）counting fee就是指“点钞费payment /clearing system（支付体系）Non-cash payment instruments（非现金支付工具debit card（借记卡）和credit card（信用卡）private investment就是指“民间投资” Monopoly industry垄断行业refugee money（外逃资本）。hoarding and profiteering就是“囤积居奇” business misconduct（商业不正当行为）。tiered pricing for electricity（阶梯电价）save energy and cut emissions（节能减排）high energy-consuming industry（高耗能产业）auto replacement（汽车以旧换新）energy efficient products（节能产品congestion fee就是指“交通拥堵费” 单双号限行：odd-and-even license plate rule错时上下班：staggered rush hour plan公交专用车道：bus lane快速公交专用车道: Bus

Rapid Transit (BRT) vehicle and vessel tax就是“车船使用税tax refund（退税，税收返还）individual income tax（个人所得税value-added tax（增值税mobile payment就是指“移动支付” illegal business dealing（非法经营）、insider trading（内幕交易）和corporate bribery（单位行贿）回扣（kickback）、手续费（commission fee）contract violation就是指“合同违约”， back pay（拖欠薪水）labor arbitration（劳动仲裁）。liquidated damages（违约金）late payment（逾期付款）incomplete/unfinished building（烂尾楼）。non-owner-occupier就是指“非自住业主price difference（差价）seckilling就是指“秒杀” central enterprise就是“中央企业”，简称“央企” merger（兼并）、consolidation（合并）和regrouping（重组）social security tax就是指“社会保障税” social security fee（社会保险费）social security fund（社保基金）windfall tax（暴利税）inheritance tax（遗产税）financial services park就是指“金融服务区business park（工商业园区）high-tech park（高新技术园区）demonstration park（示范园区）residential land就是“居住用地” well-being issue（民生问题）houses with limited property rights（小产权房）。dodgy service center冒牌服务中心guarantee period（保修期正规服务中心genuine service center、official service center和authorized service center revaluation of the renminbi（对人民币汇率重新评估）rate

fine-tuning（汇率微调currency appreciation（货币升值）appreciate sharply（升值过猛）huge job losses（大量就业岗位消失）second board（创业板）free sightseeing e-coupon就是指“免费景区电子门票” malfeasant/unfair competition（不正当竞争）warrantee period（保质期）business misconduct就是指“商业不正当行为one-stop service（一站式服务）economic development model就是“经济发展模式industrial restructuring（产业结构调整），on-site recruiting就是“现场招聘” asset bubble就是“资产泡沫bubble economy（泡沫经济）stock market bubble（股市泡沫abor shortage就是指“劳动力短缺labor surplus/redundance（劳动力过剩）surplus rural workers（农村剩余劳动力）left-behind children（留守儿童labor intensive industry（劳动密集型产业knowledge intensive（知识密集型technology-intensive（技术密集型discount rate就是指“贴现率”， courier firm就是“快递公司” 房地产市场 real estate market/property market

房地产市场过热 overheated property sector

房价 property price/housing price

普通购房者 private homebuyer

房产中介 real estate agent

首付 down payment

分期付款 payment by installment

月供 monthly installment payment 廉租房 low-rent housing

经济适用房 affordable housing

闲置地产 vacant property

现房 complete apartment

期房 forward delivery housing

商品房 commercial residential building 政策性住房 policy-related house

按揭购房 buy a house on mortgage 二手房 second-hand house

物业税 property tax

购房契税 property deed tax

印花税 property stamp duty

囤地 land reserves

楼层建筑面积 floor space

塔楼 tower building

一期/二期 first/second stage

板楼 slab-type apartment building 容积率capacity rate

停车位 parking space

住房公积金贷款 housing provident accumulation fund fund/ housing

房产证 property ownership certificate

炒房者 real estate speculator

观望态度 wait-and-watch attitude

房屋空置率 housing vacancy rate

增值地价 added-value fees

投机性房产交易 speculative property transactions 房地产泡沫 property bubble

商业地产 commercial property

住宅地产 residential property

售后回租（即租回已出售的财产）leaseback 土地使用证 land use certificate

商住综合楼 commercial/residential complex 地段等级 location classification

重点开发区 key zones for development 旧区改造 reconstruction of old area

折旧费 depreciation allowances

维修费 allowances for repairs and maintenance 抵押贷款欠额 unpaid mortgage balance 便利设施 amenities

分租合住的经济公寓 tenement

社区community

钉子户 nail household

描述经济危机的词汇：

经济危机 economic crisis/ financial crisis/ financial turmoil/financial meltdown

经济不景气 recession/ bleeding economy/ depression/sluggish economy

萧条期 slump

失业 lose one’s job/ be unemployed/ be redundant

失业加剧 job losses mount/ unemployment climb

失业人数 jobless number

找工作 seek employment

找工作者 job seeker

严峻的就业形势 a tough job market

欠薪 withhold wage

减薪 salary cut

信心下滑 confidence slump

经济复苏 economic recovery

经济危机的影响 the crisis' fallout

从以下词汇中可以大致了解我国在应对经济危机过程中所做的努力：

应对危机 face the crisis/ meet the crisis/ fight crisis 重建信心 confidence reconstruction

遏制衰退 containing declines

减缓衰退 slow down declines

安居工程 affordable/comfortable housing project 安置职工 staffing

保八 eight-percent protection

成本削减 cost-cutting

创造新的就业 generate new employment

刺激消费 stimulate consumer spending

恢复 revive/ recovery/ turnaround

积极的财政政策 proactive fiscal policy

减少裁员 refrain from laying off employees

减员 cut the salaried work force

结构调整 structural adjustment

经济刺激方案 stimulus package/ stimulus plan 就业指导 career guidance

抗风险能力 anti-risk capability

扩大内需 propel/ drive/ expand domestic demand 基础设施建设 infrastructure construction

减免税收 tax relief

例行节约 practice economy

适度宽松的货币政策 moderately loose monetary policy 削减生产 slash production

消费券 consumption coupon

小额贷款 loans of small amounts

政府紧急援助 government bailout

政府做某事的决心 government’s vow to do sth.

中小型企业 SMEs

complete apartment（现房）homegrown film就是“本土电影government procurement就是“政府采购”， government purchasing procedure（政府采购程序）实现transparency in transactions（交易透明），authorized suppliers（得到授权的供应商）CPO（Chief-Procurement-Officer）就是指“首席采购官，采购总监” cost-benefit analysis/cost-utility analysis（成本效益分析stock index futures就是指“股指期货” Financial futures（金融期货）主要包括：futures exchange（外汇期货）、interest rate futures（利率期货）initial margins（初始保证金financial derivative（金融衍生品）risk shifting（风险转移）financial derivative（金融衍生品）future transaction（期货交易）outbound investment就是“境外投资”或“对外投资” foreign investment就是“外资land conveyance fees（土地出让金）land revenues（土地收益）bilateral trade就是“双边贸易multilateral trade（多边贸易）。compensation trade（补偿贸易leasing trade（租赁贸易credit expansion就是“信用扩张”， credit contraction（信用紧缩）malicious overdraft（恶意透支）credit investigation system（征信制度）year-end promotion就是指“年

末促销”， durable goods就是“耐用品vacant property就是“闲置地产moveable property（动产）hidden income就是“隐性收入regular income（常规收入“隐性成本”是implicit cost，隐性失业”是recessive unemployment differential pricing 就是指“差别计价unit pricing（单位价格）overdraft limit（透支额度）debit card（借记卡）test screening就是“试映trial operation就是指“试运行”、“试车trial and error（反复试验）float (send up) a trial balloon（试探舆论field trial（现场试验preferred workplace就是“理想雇主incremental cost就是指“边际成本”， marginal cost genetically modified organism（GMO，转基因生物sublet house就是指“转租房屋”， migrant population（流动人口letting market（租赁市场）debt standstill就是指“暂停偿债”， rate fine-tuning就是指“汇率微调ground-source heat就是指“地热” circular economy（循环经济non-residential electricity就是指“非居民用电”， energy conservation awareness（节能意识）resource efficient and environment-friendly society（能源节约和环境友好型社会）pre-order就是“预购Sino-US trade tie（中美贸易关系）FDI（foreign direct investment，外国直接投资foreign-invested companies（外资公司）factory-gate price就是“出厂价格” purchase price（进货价格）preferential price（优惠价）market price（市场价）wireless local area network（WLAN，无线局

域网）free in-flight Wi-Fi service（免费机舱无线上网）rat trading就是指“老鼠仓light rail train就是“轻轨列车” ordinary passenger train（普通客运列车）fast/rapid train（快速列车）或express train（特快列车）through train（直快列车）stopping train/slow train（慢车）nonstop express（直达特快列车）或bullet train（动车）。inflation expectation就是指“通胀预期” inflation rate（通货膨胀率）investment-led growth（投资拉动型增长）domestic consumption（国内消费）buyout就是指“买断工龄” pay cuts（降薪）buy out还可以表示“全部买进，买断/收购全部或大部分股份” buy-in却也是表示“买进、大量购买” timeshare的意思是“分时使用的度假房”，或“分时度假房” timeshare broker（分时度假房产经纪）tunnel-bridge就是“隧桥”。 credit investigation就是“征信” credit report（信用报告）credit file（信用档案）credit agency/organization（征信机构）credit limit（信用额度）rich list就是指“富豪榜” self-made（白手起家的）personal wealth （个人财富）net assets（净资产）ranking list of universities（大学排行榜）claim the prize就是指“兑奖” essential medicine就是指“基本药物” medical reform program（医药体制改革）grassroots clinics（社区卫生站recommended retail price（建议零售价）high-margin pharmacies（高利润药品）。flammable ice就是指“可燃冰alternative energy（可替代能源）renewable energy（可再生能

源）land reserves是指real estate developer（房地产开发商）fake mortgage loans（假按揭）resold apartment（二手房）affordable housing（经济适用房）down payment（首付）audio-visual product就是“音像制品” PE ratio就是指“市盈率” price/earnings ratio Growth enterprises board(GEB，创业板) fund-raising of private sector（私营企业的融资）share price movements（股价波动）road show（路演，上市公司发行证券前针对投资者的推介活动）over-subscribed（订单爆满）stand-alone pavilion就是“独立展馆” exhibition hall（展览馆rich second generation nouveau riche（新兴富裕）customs checkpoint就是指“海关检查站”。 reciprocal tariff（互惠关税）customs union（关税同盟）regional tariff（地区性关税）retaliatory tariff（报复性关税punitive import tariff （惩罚性进口关税）。law-abiding business people（守法商人）product placement就是“植入式广告” 隐性广告（recessive advertisement）软广告（blind advertising）special protectionist tariffs“惩罚性关税”。 unfair competition（不公平竞争）trade war（贸易战）solo vocal concert“个人演唱会” high-speed rail就是指“高速铁路” passenger rail lines（客运专线） high-speed rail network（高速铁路专线网）ticket scalper（票贩子）freight service（货运服务）joint bid就是指“联合竞标” first-half earnings report（上半年财报）listed company（上市工司）

wherewithal（必要的资金public bidding（公开招标bidding documents（投标文件）bid bond（投标押金）performance bond（履约保证金）bidding block（拍卖会场），non-compete agreement就是指“竞业禁止协议” insider information（内部消息）confidentiality agreement（保密协议）。search traffic（搜索流量local rival（本土竞争者）market share（市场份额）business zone（商业区），economic development zone（经济开发区），free zone（外贸免税区），free trade zone（自由贸易区）back-to-school shopping season就是“返校购物季” dead season或dull season（萧条季节，淡季）繁忙时节（rush season）“转手交易”swing transaction high-roller就是指“富人” budgetary funds就是指“预算内资金” Small coffer（小金库splurge common property（挥霍公共财物）social institutions（社会团体）, state-run companies（国有企业）, and state-holding companies（国有控股企业）watchdog指的就是“监察部门，监督部门” fake / counterfeit goods（假货）consumer watchdog（消费维权机构）watchdog journalism / supervision by public opinion（舆论监督）consumer rights（消费者权益monopoly price就是指“垄断价格price cutting（大减价）price packing（故意提高开价, 以便藉口削价出售而实际赚大钱）cost price（成本价格）selling price（售价）tag price（标价）monopoly profit（垄断利润）extended edition就是“加

长版” portable edition（携带版）special edition （特藏本），abridged edition（节略本）pocket edition（袖珍版），extend meaning（引申义）an extended coverage（增加的保险承保范围）liquefied natural gas就是“液化天然气”，简称LNG“液化石油气”则是liquefied petroleum gas（LPG）。page-rank就是指“网页排名”或者“网页等级” SEO（Search engine optimization（搜索引擎优化）。real-time display（实时播放）real time information（实时信息）real-time search（实时搜索）sell-off就是“抛售” 表示股票价格“下跌”的动词很多，像dive，nosedive， plunge，plummet， tumble等这些动词都是形容股票的“大幅下跌”。表示股票“小幅下跌”，可以用dip，edge down，slip lower等。如果要表示股票“大幅快速下跌”，则可以用crash，collapse，crumble，slump等。work out a practical scheme（制订出一个切实可行的计划） roughs out a scheme（草拟了一个计划） new investor compensation scheme（新的投资者赔偿机制）bubble scheme（空头计划、骗局）food stamp就是“食品券” “印花税”就是tax stamp。the stamp of the age就是“时代的特征profit warning就是指“盈利预警”， “发布盈利预警”，就是issue a profit warning。“毛/净利”，就是gross/net profits small profits and quick returns（薄利多销）fat profit（巨额利润）reap profits at the expense of others（损人利已）预警机制（warning system）tax shelter就是指“避税

Abusive tax shelter意思就是“滥用避税手段” over-the-counter market（OTC）就是指“店头市场” over-leverage就是经济领域的“过度杠杆化” de-leverage就是“去杠杆化” commercial leverage就是指“商业调节手段”。 short selling就是我们在股市里经常提到的“卖空”或“作空”， “股票卖空的比例”则是short interest ratio。A short sale就是指我们常听说的“空头交易” down payment首付payment by installment（分期付款）required reserve ratio就是指“法定准备金率” flag-down fare起步价foreclosure止赎权foreclose做动词表示“取消抵押品赎回权” credit ceilings就是指“贷款限额”， ，a windfall tax就暴利税Anti-piracy反盗版tax rebate出口退税price rebate也就是“价格折扣” quantity rebate也就是“批发折扣” ，glazing rebate玻璃槽口sub-contract就是指“转包合同” rebound股市反弹credit crunch就是“信贷紧缩credit crisis（信贷危机），subprime crisis（次贷危机）credit cooperative（信用合作社/信用社），prime lending rate（也叫 prime rate）“最优惠贷款利率”， interbank borrowing cost/rate“银行同业拆息” ，well-heeled shopper就是我们所说的“高端消费者” luxury和high-end所表达的意思相近，都是“高端的、奢华的Share repurchase（股份回购）pledge-style/collateralized repo（质押式回购/封闭式回购）和buyout repo（买断式回购/开放式回购）stamp tax就是“印花税” bailout政府救助bridge loan（过

渡贷款）或者emergency loan（紧急贷款）。flip和clamshell都指“翻盖手机” low cost airline或者no-frills airline来表示，“廉价航空公司” licensed product就是“特许商品” licensed accountant（注册会计师）