Sara SBS#2B 定语从句重点总结 2012-03-15

一、定语从句

1．定语从句三步：第一找出先行词；第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能（做主语、宾语或状语）；第三选择合适的关联词。

2．定语从句在选择关连词that 与which时，常常容易出错，所以应记住什么时候只能用that，什么时候只能用which.

（1）．只能用 that 的情况归纳4种：即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过；先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词；先行词同时是人和物并列时；最后先行词分别被the only 、the very， the same、the last 修饰。请看下列四组例句，注意其先行词：

①．The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan .

②．I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson .

③．Later my father and Mr.Crosset talked for about half an four of things and persons that they remembered in school.

④．This is the very dictionary that I want to find .

（2）．只用which is 情况有两种情况：一是非限制性定语从句，关连词要用which；二是做介词宾语时只能用which。请看下列两组例句：

I said nothing , which made him more angry .

I have the book about which you are talking .

三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中，which 和as 是容易混淆的。在很多情况下两者兼可互换，但在下列情况中不可互换：

1.通常As 可以放在整句的句首，而which，只能在逗号之后，as 本身含有“正如”，as 在定语从句中既可做 主语也可做宾语

As appear from her paper , she has read widely in Romantic literature.

She is remarkable, as I have told you .

2.which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词，指前句整个的意思，如：she has warried again,which surprises us .

四、在定语从句中，许多人往往分不清all that 和what,what 实际上只引导名词性从句，它相当于all that两个字，例如：

All that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place.

= what I know is that ??

（2）非限制性定语从句

（3）限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句的区别

【专项训练】

1．Football ．

A．that B．which C．it D．who

2．Is there anything else you require?

A．which B．that C．who D．what

3．we visited was the Great Wall．

A．which B．that C．where D．it

4．interested him greatly in the school．

A．which B．who C．it D．that

5．the train goes, will be completed soon．

A．which B．that C．it D．whom

6．bicycles are made．

A．that B．which C．where D．there

7．There is no dictionary you can find everything．

A．that B．which C．where D．in that

8．Next month, ．

A．which B．that C．when D．where

9．you’ll be in your hometown is coming．

A．which B．that C．when D．where

10．．

A．which B．where C．when D．who

11．He wanted to know the time ．

A．that B．when C．where D．what

12．There isn’t so much noise in the country ．

A．that B．which C．where D．as

13．They could only read such stories had been rewritten in simple English ．

A．that B．which C．as D．what

14．makes them very light．

A．which B．as C．that D．it

15．Crusoe’s dog hecame ill and died , ．

A．as B．which C．that D．this

16．They’ve invited me to their party , ．

A．as B．which C．That D．this

17．we know now ,bats come out only at night ．

A．As B．Which C ．That D．What

18．．

A．as B．that C．what D．who

19．has been said above ,grammar is a set of dead rules．

A．Which B．What C．That D．As

20．Do you know the reason A．that B．which C．for what D．for which

21．He built a telescope he could study the skies．

A．in which B．with that C．through which D．by it

22．writes well ．

A．none of which B．neither of which C．none of them D．neither of them

23．There are two thousand students in our school , ．

A．of whom two thirds B．two -thirds of them C．two -third in them D．two -thirds in which 24．Do you know the man ? A．whom I spoke B．to who I spoke C．I spoke to D．that I spoke 25．． A．where B．in which C．which D．to which 26．This is one of the best films this year． A．have been shown B．that have shown C．that have been shown D．which has been shown 27．Can you lend me the book A．you talked about B．about that you talked C．that you talked D．which you talked 28．Is there any one in you class ． A．who B．who’s C．which D．whose 29．I’ll never forget the days we stayed together． A．when B．in which C．which D．what 30．Is A．this school B．this the school C．this school one D．this school where 31．I’ll tell you ． A．all which B．all what C．that all D．all 32．Do you know the reason A．for why B．for that C．which D．why 33．I still remember the day ． A．which B．in which C．on that D．on which 34．I’ll show you a store ． A．in which , / B．where , which C．which , that D．that , that 35．Winter is the time of year the days are short and nights are long． A．where B．when C．that D．on which 36．The train ． A．which B．on which C．for which D．on that 37．The second World War millions of people were killed ended in 1945． A．during which B．in that C．where D．on which 38．Is oxygen the only gas helps fire burn ? A．that B．/ C．which D．it 39．This is the best hotel in the city I know ． A．which B．that C．where D．it 40．I’ve read all the books were borrowed from the library ． A．that B．/ C．which D．they 41．you told me about are admired by us all． A．which B．who C．that D．whose 42．She hasn’t got enough money to buy the rings ． A．which B．that C．with which D．for which 43．Finally came the day ． A．which B．since C．that D．till 44．We hope to get such a tool he is using ． A．which B．as C．that D．where 45．Is there anything ． A．that is belonged B．that belongs C．which belongs D．that belong 46．You can take any seat is free ．

A．which B．where C．that D．in which

47．The old woman has two sons ,one ．

A．of them B．of which C．of whom D．of who

48．My hometown is no longer the same it used to be ．

A．which B．as C．that D．like

49．You may take anything useful

A．you want B．what you want C．you want them D．which you want

50．He tore up my photo and upset me ．

A．that B．it C．which D．what

51．During the days ．

A．followed B．following C．to follow D．that followed

52．The beautiful dress Miss Jones went to the ball was borrowed from a friend of hers ．

A．that B．wearing which C．worn by D．in which

53．he could see what was going on inside the house．

A．in which B．through which C．at which D．on which

54．The brave man , the tiger was shor is a good bunter．

A．by which B．by whom C．by that D．of whom

55．The knife we used to cut the bread is very sharp ．

A．with which B．with it C．with that D．which

【答案】：

1 B 2 B 3 B 4 D 5 A 6 C 7 C 8 A 9 C 10 C

11 A 12 D 13 C 14 A 15 B 16 B 17 A 18 A 19 D 20 D

21 C 22 B 23 A 24 C 25 C 26 C 27 A 28 D 29 A 30 B

31 D 32 D 33 D 34 A 35 B 36 B 37 A 38 A 39 B 40 A

41 C 42 C 43 C 44 B 45 B 46 C 47C 48 B 49 A 50A

51 D 52 D 53 B 54 B 55 A

 

第二篇：定语从句语法归纳总结

高中语法

定语从句

? 引导定语从句的词

关系代词：that which who whom

关系副词：where when why

?1）功能：引导一个定语从句，把它和主句连接起来，形成主从关系；

替代前面的先行词，有当其在从句中作宾语是可以省略；

在定语从句中充当适当的句子成

分。

1.(05北京)Do you still remember the chicken farm（先行词）

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高中语法

(which/that/)___we visited three

months ago?（定语从句）（主句）

A.where B.when C.that D.what

2.(06福建)Look out!Don’t get too close to the house___roof is under repair.

A.whose B.which C.of which D.that

2)关系代词只能用that

a.先行词是形容词最高级或者被形容词的最高级修饰时。 eg.This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.

b.当先行词是序数词或者被序数词修饰时。 eg.What is the first foreign film that you have ever seen?

c.当先行词是不定代词，如：

all,any,some,much,little,few,everything,nothing,something,anything,none,the one等词时。

eg.Do you have anything that you don’t understand?

d.先行词被the very（正好）,the only,the last,any,few,little,just,next,no,all - 2 -

高中语法

等词修饰时。 eg.The only thing that we can do is to help you out.

e.先行词既有表示人的词又有表示物的词。 eg.Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?

f.当主句的主语是疑问词who或者which时。

eg.Who is the man that is standing by the tree?

g.有两个定语从句时，其中一个关系代词用which，而另一个则用that。 eg.They went to a shop which sells

women’s clothes that satisfied them. h.当先行词在主句中作be的表语,或关系代词本身作从句的表语时。

eg.Wuhan is no longer the city that it used to be.

i.关系副词why在the reason why结构中可以被that取代，that亦可省略。(这时that是关系副词)

eg.That is the reason (that) he came. - 3 -

高中语法

j. 以the way为先行词的限制性定语从句通常用in which或that引导，也可以省略。 eg.This is the way (that/which) he did that.

3）关系代词只能用which

a.介词后指物。

eg.This is the school in which I used to study.

※但要注意的是，在一些固定短语中，不能把介词置于关系代词之前。

eg.The boy who I am looking after is

my son.(不能说The boy after whom I am looking after is my son.)

b.非限制性定语从句中指物。

3.(08全国)The road conditions there

turned out to be very good,___was more than we could expect.

A.it B.what C.which D.that

c.which可指代整个句子，而that不能。

4)关系代词as和which的使用区别

a.位置不同。as引导的定语从句可位于句首，也可以插在主句中，位于主句后，而 - 4 -

高中语法

which不能位于主句前。

eg.As you know,Taiwan is an inseparable part of China.

Taiwan,as you know,is an inseparable part of China.

Taiwan is an inseparable part of China,as you know.

Taiwan is an inseparable part of China,which we all know.

b.意义不同。as（正如，就像）表示符合人们的认识和事物的习惯性等意义，即从句与主句语义一致。当从句与主句语义不一致时或从句与主句之间是因果关系时用which。 eg.They remarried,as we had expected. They remarried,which we hadn’t expected.

As often happens,they won the match again.

It rained heavily,which prevented us going out.

c.结构不同。as可用于类似插入语的句式

中，而which则不能。如，as anybody can - 5 -

高中语法

see,as we all know,as we had expected,as is well know,as has been said before,as often happens,as it is,as is natural,as is the case等。which常用语which + 谓语 +宾语（宾补）结构。

d.当先行词被the same,so,as,such等词修饰时，多用as引导。

5）关系代词who和that的使用区别

关系代词who与that都可指代人而且在从句中都既能作主语也能作宾语，但在下面几种情况下，只能用who作关系代词：

a. 先行词是特定的人或指人的

those,one(s),people。

4.（06北京）Women___drink more than 2 cups of coffee a day have a greater chance of having heart disease than those___don’t.

A.who;/ B./;who C.who;who D./;/ b.主句是there be结构且先行词指人。

5.（05北京）-Why does she always ask you for help?

-There is no one else___,is

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高中语法

there?

A.who to turn to B.she can turn to

C.for whom to turn D.for her to turn

c.先行词是I,you,he,they等（常用在谚语中）。

d.先行词是人，后面有较长的修饰语。

eg.I met a friend of mine in the park

yesterday who had got the gold medals in the race.

6)关系代词whose的使用

whose既可以指人又可以指物，是所有格形式。指物时可以与of which结构互换，但要注意它与名词的位置关系。

?

1） 介词的选择

引导定语从句时，that和主格who不能用于介词之后，能用于介词 + 关系代词引导定语从句的代词只有which和whom，其中介词的选择依据下面四点：

a. 介词与定语从句的先行词是一

种习惯性的搭配。

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高中语法

6.(06陕西)She was educated at Beijing University,___she went on to have her advanced study abroad.

A.after that B.from which

C.from that D.after which

7.（05天津）Last month,part of Southeast Asia was struck by

floods,from___effects the people are still suffering.

A.that B.whose C.those D.what b.介词与从句中的动词是动词短语搭配。 eg.The man to whom I turned for help is a lawyer.

c.介词与定语从句中的形容词一起构成固定搭配。 eg.Ours is beautiful country,of which we are greatly proud.

d.表示“所有格”或者“整体与部分的关系”时，用介词of。

8.(08湖南)The growing speed of a plant is influenced by a number of

factors,___are beyond our control. - 8 -

高中语法

A.most of them

C.most of what B.most of whichD.most of that

当引导词在定语从句中作介词宾语时，介词可以提前放在which（指事物，不能用that）或者whom(指人，不能用who)之前，也可以放于原来的位置。但在含有介词的动词固定词组中，介词只能放于原来的位置。

eg.This is the room which/that he used to live in.

This is the room in which he used to live.

The man who/whom/that I talked about at the meeting is from Beijing.

The man about whom I talked at the meeting is from Beijing.

但在下面一句中介词for不能提前，因为look for是短语动词。

eg.This is the book which/that you are looking for.

2)关系代词和关系副词的使用区别

关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语，而关系副词在定语从句中作状语，关系副词 - 9 -

高中语法

when = 表示时间的介词（in,on,at,during等）+ which,where = 表示地点的介词

（in,at,on,under等） + which,why = 表示原因的介词for + which,how = 表示方式的介词in + which,先行名词在定语从句中表方式时，常用in which,而不用how。因此在选择关系词时最重要的是分析一下定

语从句中的成分，如果从句中缺少主、宾、表语或定语，就用关系代词，如果从句中缺少状语，就用关系副词。

试比较下面两个句子：

a. Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Qingdao? b. Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holiday in Qingdao?

3)关系副词where的使用

关系副词where在定语从句中作状语，相当于表示地点的in,on,under等 + which结构，它与所引导的状语从句的区别在于关系副词前有先行词，而连接副词前则没有先行词。

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高中语法

9.（05辽宁）I walked in our garden,___Tom and Jim were tying a big sign onto one of the trees.

A.which B.when C.where D.that

10.(08安徽)All the neighbors admire

this family___the parents are treating their children like a friend.

A.why B.where C.which D.that 先行词是stage,point,situation等词时，它们在定语从句中不作时间状语，而是在有些情况下它们表示“模糊的地点”，所以常用where来引导定语从句。

eg.I’ve come to the point where I

can’t stand her arguing any longer. Geneva(日内瓦)has been the stage

where many such conferences are held. Those successful deaf dancers think

that dancing is an activity where

sight matters more than hearing.

11.(09重庆)Life is like a long

race___we compete with others to go beyond ourselves.

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高中语法

A.why B.what C.that D.where

【解析】此处where=in which.

?关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语的人称和数必须和先行词保持一致，应特别注意的是：

one of + 复数名词后的定语从句其谓语用复数，而the only/very one of + 复数名词后的定语从句其谓语动词用单数。 eg.Tom is the only one of the students who has passed the exam. Tom is one of the students who have passed the exam.

当关系代词在从句中作宾语时，可以省略。但介词后的关系代词不能省略。

?

1） 定语从句与强调句的区别在于：

在强调句中去掉it is和that/who后，句子仍成立，定语从句则不可。

2） 定语从句关系词一般紧跟先行

词，但有时出于内容或者结构的需要，中间可插入其他成分而将定语从句与先行

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高中语法

词分隔开或是关系词与其引导的句子隔

开。

eg.Here is Student Times which,as I have told you,will help improve your

English.

真题答案：CACCB/DBBCB/D

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