牛津小学英语语法复习要点

一、名词

可数名词：表示可以具体个别存在的人或物。可数名词有单复数形式，其单数形式与不定冠词a(n)连用。

可数名词复数规则：

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds

2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families,

strawberry-strawberries

4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives

5．不规则名词复数：

man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice

child-children

foot-feet, tooth-teeth

fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese

不可数名词：表示不能个别存在的事物，如液体类，气体类的物质；少数固体类的物质 （grass草，ice冰），抽象的名词（help帮助，music音乐）。不可数名词没有复数（如some water）,不能与不定冠词连用。

写出下列各词的复数

photo ____________ diary ____________ day_____________ dress _______________

thief ___________ yo-yo

___________ peach___________ juice________________

water ____________ rice______________ tea

______________ man____________

woman____________ banana ___________ bus___________ child ____________

foot _____________ sheep ____________ leaf(树叶) ________ dish ____________

knife

_____________ pen____________ boy__________ baby___________

map _____________ city ____________ box __________ book ___________

class ____________ eye ____________ office

________ car____________

fox(狐狸) ___________ watch ____________ library ________ pear ___________

skirt ____________ shelf _____________ cinema __________ tomato _________

tooth ____________ wife____________ Englishman________ paper __________

milk___________ Frenchman ___________ postman __________ family __________

mouse __________ people (人们) __________ fish _________ brush ________

mango __________ Japanese ____________ sandwich

__________

policeman____________ watermelon______________ Chinese_____________

strawberry ___________ match _________________ glass

__________

二、一般现在时

一般现在时基本用法介绍

一般现在时的功能：1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。

2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。

3.表示客观现实。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 一般现在时的构成：1. be动词：主语+be(am, is, are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。

注意：（我用am，你用are，三单is，复数are。）

2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。如：We study English.我们学习英语。

注意：（当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时，要在动词后加"-s"

或"-es"。如：Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。）

一般现在时的变化：1. be动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+be+其它。 如：He is a worker. 他是工人。

否定句：主语+ be + not +其它。 He is not a worker.他不是工人。 一般疑问句：Be +主语+其它。(be动词移到句首)

如：I am a student.

-Are you a student?

-Yes. I am. / No, I'm not.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：My bike is under the tree.

Is your bike under the tree?

Where is your bike?

2.行为动词的变化。

肯定句：主语+动词原形(+其它)。

否定句：主语+ don't( doesn't ) +动词原形(+其它)。

如：I like bread.

I don't like bread.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用doesn't构成否定句。

如：He ofter plays football.

He doesn't often play football.

一般疑问句：Do( Does ) +主语+动词原形+其它。（句首加

助动词do, does）

如：I often play football.

- Do you often play football?

- Yes, I do. / No, I don't.

当主语为第三人称单数时，要用does构成一般疑问句。

如：She goes to school by bike.

- Does she go to school by bike?

- Yes, she does. / No, she doesn't.

特殊疑问句：疑问词+一般疑问句。

如：She goes to school by bike.

Does she go to school by bike?

How does she go to school?

动词+s的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：cook-cooks, milk-milks

2．以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾，加-es，如：guess-guesses, wash-washes, watch-watches, go-goes

3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：study-studies

一般现在时用法专练:

一、 写出下列动词的第三人称单数

drink ________ go _______ stay ________ make ________

look _________ have_______ pass_______ carry ____

come________ watch______ plant_______ fly ________

study_______ brush________do_________ teach_______

二、用am, is, are 填空

1. I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy? No, I _____ not.

2. The girl______ Jack's sister.

3. The dog _______ tall and fat.

4. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.

5. ______ your brother in the classroom?

6. Where _____ your mother? She ______ at home.

7. How _______ your father?

8. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.

9. Whose dress ______ this?

10. Whose socks ______ they?

11. That ______ my red skirt.

12. Who ______ I?

13.The jeans ______ on the desk.

14.Here ______ a scarf for you.

15. Here ______ some sweaters for you.

16. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.

17. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.

18. The two cups of milk _____ for me.

19. Some tea ______ in the glass.

20. Gao Shan's shirt _______ over there.

21. My sister's name ______Nancy.

22. This ______ not Wang Fang's pencil.

23. ______ David and Helen from England?

24. There ______ a girl in the room.

25. There ______ some apples on the tree.

26. _______ there any kites in the classroom?

27. _______ there any apple juice in the bottle?

28. There _______ some bread on the plate.

29. There _______ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.

30. You, he and I ______ from China.

三、用括号内动词的适当形式填空。

1. He often ________(have) dinner at home.

2. David and Tom _______(be) in Class One.

3. We _______(not watch) TV on Monday.

4. Mike _______(not go) to the zoo on Sunday.

5. ______ they ________(like) the World Cup?

6. What _______they often _______(do) on Saturdays?

7. _______ your parents _______(read) newspapers every day?

8. The girl _______(teach) us English on Sundays.

9. She and I ________(take) a walk together every evening.

10. There ________(be) some water in the bottle.

11. Mike _______(like) cooking.

12. They _______(have) the same hobby.

13. My aunt _______(look) after her baby carefully.

14. You always _______(do) your homework well.

15. I _______(be) ill. I'm staying in bed.

16. She _______(go) to school from Monday to Friday.

17. Liu Tao _______(do) not like PE.

18. The child often _______(watch) TV in the evening.

19. Su Hai and Su Yang _______(have) eight lessons this term.

20. －What day _______(be) it today?

－ It’s Saturday.

四、按照要求改写句子

1. David watches TV every evening.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

2. I do my homework every day.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ____________________________

3. She likes milk.(改为一般疑问句，作肯定回答)

_______________________________________________________ ____________________________

4. Helen likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________

____________________________________

5. We go to school every morning.(改为否定句)

_______________________________________________________

6. He speaks English very well.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

7. I like taking photos in the park.(对划线部分提问)

________________________________________________________

8. Jim comes from Canada.(对划线部分提问)

___________________________________________________

9. She is always a good student.(改为一般疑问句，作否定回答) ________________________________________________________ ________________________________

10. Tom and David like going skating.(改为否定句)

___________________________________________________

五、改错(划出错误的地方，将正确的写在横线上)

1. Is your brother speak English? __________________

2. Does he likes going fishing? __________________

3. He likes play games after class. __________________

4. Mr. Wu teachs us English. __________________

5. She don't do her homework on Sundays. _________________

六、一般现在时翻译练习

1.我们每天七点钟上学。

We _______ ________ _________ at seven o’clock _________ ________.

2.教室有一些学生。

There _______ ________ _________ in the classroom.

3苏海英语说得很好。

Su Hai _______ ________ very _______.

4.高小姐教英语。

Miss Gao ________ ________.

5.我父亲起得很早。

My father _______ _______ early.

6.我们非常喜欢英语。

We _______ English _______ _______.

7.他常常步行去上学。

He usually _______ _______ _______ _______ _______.

8.他努力学习英语。

He ________ ________ hard.

9.她学英语吗？

_______ she _______ _______?

10.他是做什么工作的？

_______ is his _______?

11.他不在家里做作业。

He ________ _______ _______ _________ at home.

12.我们星期天不去学。

We _______ _______ _______ _______ on Sundays.

13.他经常十点钟睡觉。

He often _______ _______ _______ _______ ______ .

14.有时我五点钟起床。

Sometimes, I _______ _______ _______ _______.

15.他们早上七点钟去上学。

They _______ _______ _______ at seven _______ ________ _________.

三、现在进行时

1．现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。（句中一般含有now, look, listen.）

2．现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing.

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

3．现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Tom is not reading books in his study .

4．现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。

如：Tom is reading books in his study .

Is Tom reading books in his study ？

5．现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为：疑问词+一般疑问句?

（注意：当划线部分包含谓语动词时，用疑问词代替划线部分放到句首，原划线处应加上doing）

如：Tom is reading books in his study . Tom is reading books in his study .

Is Tom reading books in his study ? Is Tom reading books in his study ? What is Tom doing in his study? Where is Tom reading books?

动词加ing的变化规则

1．一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking

2．以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting

3．如果末尾是辅音字母加一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping

现在进行时专项练习：

一、写出下列动词的现在分词：

play_____________ run______________ swim

_____________make______________

go______________ like____________ write_____________ _ski_____________ read_____________ have____________ sing _____________ dance___________ put______________ see____________ buy _____________ love____________ live___________ take______________ come _____________ get_____________ stop____________ sit _____________ begin____________ shop___________

二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：

1.The boy __________________ ( draw)a picture now.

2. Listen .Some girls _______________ ( sing)in the classroom .

3. My mother _________________ ( cook )some nice food now.

4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?

5. Look . They _______________( have) an English lesson .

6.They ____________(not ,water) the flowers now.

7.Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom .

8.What is our granddaughter doing? She _________(listen ) to music.

9. It's 5 o'clock now. We _____________(have)supper now

10.______Helen____________(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is .

三、句型转换：

1. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否定句)

_____________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________

2.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改一般疑问句并作肯定和否定回答) ______________________________________________________________ _____________________

_____________________

3.I’m playing the football in the playground .(对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

4．Tom is reading books in his study . (对划线部分进行提问)

_________________________________________________________________

四、现在进行时翻译练习

1.我正在读英语。

I ________ ___________ English.

2.他正在写字。

He ______ _________.

3.你正在唱歌吗？是的，我在唱歌。不，我不在唱歌。

_______ you ________? Yes, ______ ______ _________. / No, _______ _______ _________.

4.他(她)在听音乐吗？

________ he/she __________ _______ _________?

5.你正在干什么？ 我正在做作业。

_______ are you _______? I’m ______ _________ _____________.

6.看！杰克正在游泳。

Look, Jack _______ __________.

7.听！她正在唱歌。

Listen, she _______ ________.

8.现在我正在打扫房间。

I ________ ________ my ________ now.

9.你父亲在干什么？他正在看电视。

What ______ your father _______? He ______ _______ ______.

10.他正在打一封电子邮件吗？是的。

_______ he _________ _______ _________? Yes, ______ ________.

11.琳达经常在晚上做作业,但她今晚在看电视。

Linda often _______ her _________ in the evening. But she _____ _______ ______ this evening.

12.今天天气不错。瞧！他们正在草地上玩耍。

It is _______ today. Look, they ______ __________ on the _______.

13.我不能和你出去了.外面正下雨呢。

I _______ go out _____ _______. It _______ _________ outside.

14.现在我们正在吃晚餐。

We ______ __________ _________ now.

15.我的父母年岁越来越老了。

My parents are ________ _______ _______.

四、将来时

一、概念：表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year?),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。

二、基本结构：①be going to + do；如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.

②will+ do. 如：I will go swimming tomorrow.

三、否定句：在be动词（am, is, are）后加not或情态动词will后加not成won’t。

如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.→ I am not going to go swimming tomorrow.

I will go swimming tomorrow. →I will not go swimming tomorrow.

四、一般疑问句： be动词或will提到句首，some改为any, and改为or，第一二人称互换。

如：I am going to go swimming tomorrow.→ Are you going to go swimming tomorrow?

I will go swimming tomorrow. →Will you go swimming tomorrow?

五、对划线部分提问。(疑问词+一般疑问句?)

一般情况，一般将来时的对划线部分有三种情况。

1、问人。Who 例如：

Who’s going to school? Who will go to school?

2、问干什么。What ? do.例如： afternoon.

？

What is your father going to do with you this

afternoon？

？

What will your father do with you this afternoon？

3、问什么时候。When.例如： ？

When is she going to swim？ When will she swim?

六、同义句：be going to = will (be going to 常指客观情况，will 常指主观情况) I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming tomorrow.

一、填空。

1．我打算明天和朋友去野炊。

I_____ _______ _________ have a picnic with my friends.

I ________ have a picnic with my friends.

2．下个星期一你打算去干嘛? 我想去打篮球。

What ________ ________ _________ _________ _________ next Monday? I _______ ______ _____ play basketball.

What _________ you do next Monday? I ________ play basketball.

3．你妈妈这个周末去购物吗？是，她要去买一些水果。

_____ your mother _______ ________ go shopping this ___________?

Yes, she _________. She ______ ________ __________ buy some fruit.

4．你们打算什么时候见面。

What time _______ you _________ __________ meet?

二、改句子。

1. Nancy is going to go camping.（改否定）

Nancy ________ going to go camping.

2. I’ll go and join them.（改否定）

I _______ go ______ join them.

3. I'm going to get up at 6:30 tomorrow.（改一般疑问句）

________ _______ ________ to get up at 6:30 tomorrow?

4. We will meet at the bus stop at 10:30.（改一般疑问句）

_______ ________ meet at the bus stop at 10:30. （对划线部分提问）

________ _______ she ________ ________ _________ after school? 同上) _________ _________ going to see a play the day after tomorrow.

三、用所给词的适当形式填空。

1. Today is a sunny day. We _________________________ (have) a picnic this afternoon.

2. My brother ______________________ (go) to Shanghai next week.

3. Tom often ____________(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He

_________________ (go) to school by bike.

4. What do you usually do at weekends? I usually __________ (watch) TV and ____________(catch) insects?

5. It's Friday today. What _____she ____________________ (do) this weekend? She __________________ (watch) TV and (catch) insects.

6. What ___________ (do) you do last Sunday? I ____________ (pick) apples on a farm. What ____________________________ (do) next Sunday? I

____________________ (milk) cows.

7. Mary __________________________ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow.

8. Liu Tao _______________________ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday.

9. David __________________________ (give) a puppet show next Monday.

10. I ____________________________ (plan) for my study now.