sql经常用的语句

创建数据库:

createdatabase数据库名

创建表格:

use Tests --(使用数据库)

createtable Tests( --(表名为Tests)

id INT NOTNULL, --(创建id字段数据类型为int) value VARCHAR(10),

field_name [int] IDENTITY(1,1)NOTNULL,--(field_name自动增长) PRIMARYKEY(id)--(设id为主键))

查询:

查询表格中所有字段的数据:

Select*from Article_tb --(Article_tb为表格名) 查询表格中某个字段的数据:

Select UserId from Article_tb --(UserId为表格中的自段) 查询表格中数据的总行数(记录数):

Selectcount(*)from Article_tb --(count()为计算行数的函数) Where查询(查询存在某个字段值的数据):

Select*from Article_tb where UserId='57' --(查询UserId=57的数据) 模糊查询:

Select*from Article_tb where UserId like'%5%' --(模糊查询UserId存在5的数据,里面的%可根据不同的需要去使用)

并表查询:

select * from Article_tb A innerjoin SplendidArticle_tb

S on A.ArticleId=S.ArticleId –(查询两个表中ArticleId相等的数据)

有时候需要做分页的:

select*from(selectrow_number()over(orderby UserId)as num,UserId,UserNameEmail,

convert(varchar, Birthday, 102)as Birthday,Jurisdiction,convert(varchar, RegisterTime, 102)

as RegisterTime from User_tb)as t where t.num>='0'and t.num<='3' --(分页这里的t.num>='0'和3起到了作用,

convert(varchar, Birthday, 102)as Birthday对时间显示的时候格式转换)

向User_tb表格中某个字段插入数据:

insertinto User_tb(字段)values('数据')

删除字段UserId=1的记录:

DELETEFROM User_tb WHERE UserId='1'

修改数据:

update User_tb set Sex='0' –(把表格中自动为Sex的值都修改为0)

存储过程(存储过程除了AS以外,其他的和sql语句没什么区别):

SET ----赋值

DECLARE-------声明变量

sp_executesql-------用来执行动态Sql

sql中用LTRIM ( ),RTRIM ( )。分别截断首尾空格,返回字符表达式

使用row_number()函数进行编号,如

select email,customerID, ROW_NUMBER() over(order by psd) as rows from QT_Customer

 

第二篇:快速了解一些经常使用的SQL语句

  精妙的"SQL"语句:◆复制表(只复制结构,源表名:a 新表名:b)SQL: select * into b from a where 1<>1  ◆拷贝表(拷贝数据,源表名:a 目标表名:b)SQL: insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b;  ◆显示文章、提交人和最后回复时间SQL: select a.title,a.username,b.adddate from table a,(select max(adddate) adddate from table where table.title=a.title) b  ◆说明:外连接查询(表名1:a 表名2:b)SQL: select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c◆日程安排提前五分钟提醒SQL: select * from 日程安排 where datediff('minute',f开始时间,getdate())>5   ◆两张关联表,删除主表中已经在副表中没有的信息SQL: delete from info where not exists ( select * from infobz where info.infid=infobz.infid )◆说明:SQL: SELECT A.NUM, A.NAME, B.UPD_DATE, B.PREV_UPD_DATE FROM TABLE1,(SELECT X.NUM, X.UPD_DATE, Y.UPD_DATE PREV_UPD_DATE FROM (SELECT NUM, UPD_DATE, INBOUND_QTY, STOCK_ONHAND FROM TABLE2 WHERE TO_CHAR(UPD_DATE,'YYYY/MM') = TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY/MM')) X, (SELECT NUM, UPD_DATE, STOCK_ONHAND FROM TABLE2 WHERE TO_CHAR(UPD_DATE,'YYYY/MM') = TO_CHAR(TO_DATE(TO_CHAR(SYSDATE, 'YYYY/MM') &brvbar;&brvbar; '/01','YYYY/MM/DD') - 1, 'YYYY/MM') ) Y, WHERE X.NUM = Y.NUM (+)AND X.INBOUND_QTY + NVL(Y.STOCK_ONHAND,0) <> X.STOCK_ONHAND ) B WHERE A.NUM = B.NUM  ◆说明:SQL: select * from studentinfo where not exists(select * from student where studentinfo.id=student.id) and 系名称='"&strdepartmentname&"' and 专业名称='"&strprofessionname&"' order by 性别,生源地,高考总成绩现象:一条SQL突然运行的特别慢。select uidTable.column_value, first_name||' '||last_name, company, job_title, upper(member_level), upper(service_value)from (select * from table(select cast(multiset(select b from bbb)as Taaa) from dual)) uidTable,memberwhere uidTable.column_value = member.login_id(+) and member.site='alibaba' and member.site='test';出错原因:用户增加了成都安维财税http://101.1.28.49/一个条件member.site=test,造成连接的顺序变化了,原来的驱动表是uidTable(最多1024条记录),现在变成了member表做驱动(600W条)。所以这条语句变的巨慢。但是既然是外连接,为什么连接的顺序会改变呢?因为外连接的连接顺序不是由COST决定的,而是由连接的条件决定的。发现执行计划如下:-------------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |--------------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1018 | 72278 | 8155 || 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1018 | 72278 | 8155 || 2 | VIEW | | 4072 | 69224 | 11 || 3 | COLLECTION ITERATOR SUBQUERY FETCH| | | | || 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | DUAL | 4072 | | 11 || 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | BBB | 41 | 287 | 2 |

| 6 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | MEMBER | 1 | 54 | 2 ||* 7 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | MEMBER_SITE_LID_PK | 4 | | 1 |-------------------------------------------------为什么根本就没有北京佳尚财税http://101.1.28.35/执行外连接呢?问题出在member.site='test'这个条件上,因为对外连接的表加了条件,造成外连接失效。改为member.site(+)='test'后,问题彻底解决。---------------------------------------------------| Id | Operation | Name | Rows | Bytes | Cost |-----------------------------------------------------| 0 | SELECT STATEMENT | | 1018 | 72278 | 8155 || 1 | NESTED LOOPS | | 1018 | 72278 | 8155 || 2 | VIEW | | 4072 | 69224 | 11 || 3 | COLLECTION ITERATOR SUBQUERY FETCH| | | | || 4 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | DUAL | 4072 | | 11 || 5 | TABLE ACCESS FULL | BBB | 41 | 287 | 2 || 6 | TABLE ACCESS BY INDEX ROWID | MEMBER | 1 | 54 | 2 ||* 7 | INDEX UNIQUE SCAN | MEMBER_SITE_LID_PK | 4 | | 1 |-----------------------------------------------------------

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